Evening Star Newspaper, May 18, 1923, Page 4

Industrial Problems Discussed By Social Workers Address Social Work Conference|Men Will Live 5 Years Longer, PERSONNEL WORK " GONFERENGE TOPC Speaker Says Interests of Employer and Employe Should Merge. Speaking on “Personnel Work in Retail Stores” before a group meet- ing of the National Conference of So- cial Work in Calvary Baptist Church today, George D. Halsey, personnel director of Woodward & Lothrop de- partment store here, declared the in-; terests of the employer and employe are identical in properly planned and manned organizations. His address was followed by Miss Loutse C. Oden- erantz. employment manager. Smith & Kaufmann, Inc., of New York, who spoke on “Personnel Work in a Fac- tory.” Miss Mary Antoinette Can- non of the New York School of Social Work presided. Mr. Halsey said in the past there have been two different efforts at a solution of the great problem of the yelation of employer and employe. The first, he continued. took the stand that the interests of emplover and employe were fundamentally opposite—the former working to get all he could for the lowest possible wage and the latter working to sell his services for the highest possible wage The other attempt, Mr. Halsey re- lated, was on the part of the em- ployer “generally, though not always sincere, who out of the ‘goodness of his heart’ gave his employes man things, such as better washrooms, lunchrooms, free medical care, frec summer camps, free entertainments and other ‘welfare’ activities. If the employe should dare to ask a ques- tion about any of the dctivities or about his rate of pay. the emplover became much aggrieved and talked sbout ingratitude and how things were different when he was a boy. “We all know,” concluded Mr. Halsey, “that neither of these ex- tremes offers a solution, but some- where in between lies the roud to industrial harmony. It is the ef- fort of modern personnel administra- tion to find and follow this road.” Miss Odencrantz stated that by taking from the foreman the sole right to hire and fire, presonnel work is doing much to eliminate one of | the chief causes of labor turmover in the United States. “Workers in general have made an important gain through personnel work in the opportunity it gives for the review of discharges,” said Miss Odencrantz. “An employe is no longer dependent for his job upon the whims of u foreman. Labor turnover is a serious disease of industry in the United States, and while it ‘is due to many causes and conditions, the sole right of foremen to hire and fire is one of the big contributing causes. In fact, the influence that a central- ized personnel department has in re- ducing labor turnover by taking into its hands from the foremen this right of hiring and discharge is one of the best selling points for personnel work in the United States.” CONFERENCE NOTES = |~ The national conference reception and dance occurs at the Hotel Wash- ington this evening, after the night sesslon. Mrs. Thomas R. Marshall, wife of the former Vice President, is chair- man of the entertainment committee. Recelving with her will be Mrs. Herbert Hoover, Mrs. Cuno Rudolph, Miss Mabel Boardman and Miss Grace Abbott of Washington; Miss Julia Lathrop of Rockford, IIl.; Mrs. John M. Glenn of New York, Miss Margaret Curtis of Boston, Mrs. Allen Burns of New York, Miss Rose McHugh of ‘Washington, Miss Anna C. Haskins of New York and Mrs. Paul R. Rey molds of Scarsdale, N. Y. One of the interesting persons at the social work jubilee is Mrs. D. A. Echols of Birmingham, Ala. Mrs. Echols occupies the unique position of being the only woman city com- missioner in the United States. Bir- mingham is governed by five com- missioners, and Mrs. Echols has as her job health and education. The city has a population of 200,000. It is significant when city officials are in- terested enough in knowing the best way to handle such problems as health and education as to attend the @reatest forum which exists for this —the National Conference of Social ‘Work. Japan is represented at the fiftieth anniversary meeting by H. Kaszama, investigator to the bureau for sodial work, department of home affairs, imperial Japanese government. Mr. Kazama arrived in Washingten yesterday from Toklo, via San Fran- cisco. He will remain In this coun- try until autumn, studying American methods of social welfare work. He was accompanied to the registration headquarters of the conference by S. Machidzuko, chancellor of the Jap-| @anese embassy. The first business mesting of the conference will be held today at 5 p.m.. in the Hall of Natlons, Hotel ‘Washington. One of the most interesting events of the National Conference of Social ‘Work now being ‘held in Washington will be Baltimore day on May 23. planned by the Baltitmore section of the American Association of Hos- pital Social Service Werkers, to the visiting hospital delegates. Lunch- son will be served on the lawn of the Johns Hopkins Hospital. Baltimore- ans have shown their interest in the affair by providing automobiles to oonvey the visitors to local institu- tions and places of interest. Miss Myra Kraus of the Hebrew Hospltal, Baltimore, is chairman of arrangements, Toronto's invitation for the 1924 meeting of the conferemce is being urged by a delegation of fifty-five. Miss Emily Ferris of Kansas City isin charge of the conference infor- mation desk, at 1414 F street. A man from the Union station has been de- tajled to answer questions about Washington. Mayor John F. Hylan of New York city notified President Folks that he had appointed as delegates to thei conference: Bird 8. Coler, eommis- afener of the department of public welfare; Commissioner Wallis of the department of correetion; Dr. Mon- aghan, commissioner of health, and Dr. John J. McGrath of Bellevue Hos- pital, to attend the comference as ?Tnn!lll\'es of the city of New ork. The American Association of Hos. pital Social Workers has eleeted the fellowing officers for 1923-24: Presi- dent, M. Antoinette Cannon: vice presidents, Edith A. Howland, Marion |ing committee. Tebbets and Frances Hostetter; treas- urer, Margaret S. Brogden members executive committe R. Wilson, Edith_Baker, e Fmerson, Mary E. Wadley and Kath. eripe B. McMahon. % 'With the co-operation of the United public REAIth mervice the Bray johy picture, “The Science of Life, ‘be shown to members of the con- ferencs o dey at. 3 p.m. st the . auditorium of the National Museum. W of Ameri Associa- tiow oF -Secial *‘lfin’:‘:gfin uvn: [} CEDPagE. ShSlF Drafsrance for effisers. REV. JOHN A. RYAN Of this city. 0 EIGHT HOURS HELD BEST WORKING DAY | Quantity and Quality Output Keeps Up in Short Shift, Inquirer Finds. The eight-hour working day is bet- ter for capital, labor and industry in general than the of the Federated American Engineer- ing Societies, dress today at a group the National Conference Work in the Public Library. Other speakers on the general sub- ject. “Recent Industrial Investiga tions,” were: Bdward E. Hunt, secre- tary of the President’s Conference of Unemployment and secretary” of the meeting of of Soci: United States Coal Commission, and Miss Mary Anderson, director of the women's bureau, Department of Labor. ‘The eight-hour shift, d Mr. Wal- lace, has resulted in atisfactory improvement of quantity of production and in a reduction of abstenteeism and industrial accidents, where good management prevailed and the co-operation of labor was se- cured. and quality Wages Are the Same. In general, he continued, the ten- dency has been to increase the rate per hour under the ghorter shift, so that the daily earnings of the work- ers will be the same as they were before the change. In some instances, however, a compromise was made whereby the workers received an in- crase in hourly mate sufficient to compensate them for one half of the number of hours by which the length of the shift was shortened, he said Mr. Wallace's address w based upon the report of the committee appointed by the engineering socie- ties to Investigate the twelve-hour shift in American industry, and which was indorsed by President Harding. Mies Anderson spoke on strenuous work and excessive laboring hours for women, especially mothers. In one of the largest industrial centers of the United States. she said, many women are working to bring up chi dren; many trying to do two jobs to secure the necessary funds to feed the family and to do the work of the home, cooking, cleaning and “It seems to me,” she sald, citigens of this country and as human beings we are not warranted to permit any such sacrifice by any mother. Control of Depression. The increased knowledge of the business cycle provides a basis for more effective control of business de- ression and unemployment, declared Mr. Hunt in his address on “Business Cycles and Unemployment.” To stabilize employment two_com- mittees were appointed by the Presi- dent's conference before it adjourned. They were the committee on unem- ent and committee on busine: Mr. Hunt said. Of the latter, he said: he program outlined gives an op- portunity for all elements in the com- munity to lend their interest and their influence to a solution of this vital problem. To statesmen, ban ers. business men, economists, indus- trial engineers. labor leaders and other groups of our citizens have been assigned important duties and responsibilities toward reducing the instability of busin, for 1924 to members of the nominat- The committee in- cludes Winifred Salisbury, Katheryn Hewins, Dorothea de Schweinitz and A. J. Strawson. Miss_Katherine Thompson of the lccal Y. W. C. A,, is in_charge of the room registry, at 1414 F street. The centers of attention at the an- nual meeting of the National Child Labor Committee in the Hotel Wash- ington this aftermoon are Miss Sara A. Brown and Charles Gibbons, who acted as the witnesses of the committee at the recent joint legisla- tive investigation held “in Lansing, Mich. This investigation waa insti- gated by the Michigan beet growers who challenged the facts presented in the reort on child labor conditions in the Michigan beet sugar fields, pub- lished by the National Child Labor Committee. Miss Brown and Mr. Gibbons told the conference their findings during the six months’ investigation of child labor in Michigan sugar beet raising, which lead tothe legislative inquisi tion. Senator Medill Mc€ormick, dwelt on the proposed child labor constitutional amendment which he sponsored at the last session of Con- gress. Owen R. Lovejoy, general sec- retary of the National Child Labor Committee, spoke en the important problems now facing the committee. Gov. Pat N. Neff of Texas notified President Folks that he had appoint- ed the following delegates from Texas to the anniversary meeting: E. M. Critz of Coleman, Mrs. Edith M. Hoag of Denison Miss Lucy Col- lins_of Houston, Walter D. Howell of McKinney, Fritz R. Smith of Snyder, O. Berman of Ban Antonio, Lyman Bailey of Austin, J. N. Mills of Hou wn, Odie Minatra of .Corsicana, Dr. Carrie Weaver Smith of Gainesville, Miss Eliza Hayter of Dallas and Dr. John W..Slaughter of Houston. Tuberculosis workers will discus their problems at a luncheon tomo: row at the University Club. The househeld economics will hold a luncheon and meeting tomMOrrow. group business The conference on immigration pol iey will hold a Iuncheon mesting. ta morrow at the Men's City Club to disc “Our Immigration . Policy: ‘What Can . Biology and Boclolegy Contribute?” The speakers will be Prof. Ruymond Pearl of Johns Hop- kins University and Prof. Herbert A. ?lll.f of . ‘Oberlin . Colle Prof. ulfus Drachs! chairman of the canference, will preaside. . 3 twelve-hour shift.| according to L. W. Wallace, sccretary | who delivered an ad-! JAMES J. MALLON 0f London. MRS, FLORENCE KELLEY Of New York city. HOLDS MAN’S DANSGER LIES WITHIN HIMSELF Medical Expert Tells Social Work- ers Study of Human Life Is Most Vital. “Man is learning that his greatest | danger is not in the tornado or in the epidemic, but in himself,” Dr. Framkv wood E. Williams of New York, medi- cal director of the National Comntt- ee for Mental Hygiene, told a - eral session of the National Confefr- ence of Social Work yesterday. We have studied the sun, moon asd stars, the earth and all it contains-— except man himself,” said Dr. Wil- liams. “Millions have been spent im getting wage conditions, living con- ditions, how to save man from phys cal ills, how to add to his statures how to save cotton from the boll weevil and hogs from the cholera All of this is important, but soon we shall begin to spend a few millions on the study of man himself—not alone how to make him live ten vears |longer, but how to make those ten years or any other ten years worth living. neial workers gather f range facts and discharge their facts at a troubled world. We must not only find out what are the facts, but what is thought about the facts and why people think about these facts as they do. Facts cannot get by cer- tain attitudes. We must begin to focus our attention on the signifi- cance and the reasons for these atti- tudes. The next fifty vears will see this problem vigorously attacked.” GREET COLORED VISITORS. The Washington Council of Social Workers (colored), the Sterling Re- lief Association and the Tuesday Evening Club of Social Workers en- tertained the visiting colored dele- gates to the National Conference of ocial Work at luncheon at the Phyl- lis Wheatly Y. W. C. A, 905 Rhode Island avenue northwest, yesterday. Among those who addressed the as- sembly were Miss Eva Bowles of the National Y. W. C. A., Eugene Kinckie James, executive secretary of_the Ur- ban League, and Dr. J. W. Hope of Atlanta. b, < Special for Saturday Tut” ISANDALS The ‘latest fad in women’s smart footwear. All the rage in New York, Atlantic City and Washing- ton. GET YOURS HERE TOMORROW AT A SPECIAL PRICE We are showing them in all the new colors. RED YELLOW GRAY BLUE PEARL WHITE BLACK GLE SHOE STORE 1000 7¢h St. NW, Right on the Cormer Open Satarday E: THE : EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, 20 Years Hence, Doctor Claims Death’s Orgy of Typhus and Maleria in Russia Offset by Bright Pros- pects for Race in America. health commissioner of New_ York, in the effort to lengthen lives. Dr. Biggs advocated “systematic Instruction in health in all schools and universities Between 3,000,000 and 4,000,000 per- sons have died of typhus in Russia since 1918, according to Dr. Ludwig Rajchman, director of the health sec- tion of the league of nations. Five years will be added fo the average human life within the next twenty years, and it will be possible to save 15,000 lives in New York state alone, says Dr. Herman M. Biges, health commissioner of New York state. These, with predictions by Dr. Liv- ingston Ferrand, president of Cornell University, regarding the physical and mental improvement of the hu- man race in relation to economic con- ditions through socla] service, were the high lights at the first general night meeting of the golden jubilee session of the National Conferénce of Social Work. in Memorial Continental | Hall last night. Plague of Malaria. Dr. Rajchman told the big gather- ing that while typhus is waning with improvement in the economic situa- tion. a new epldemic of dangerous malaria is sweeping the nation. Nine million cases of malaria have occurred,” he said, “and in some | localities the disease has been of such a virulent type that 40 out of 100 cases died.” | “The problem of preventing the westward spread of Russia’s epi- {demice, Dr. Rajchman declared, has | proved “exceedingly difficult.”” but he | expressed hope that the co-operative program agreed upon by_the public health departments of Russia and neighboring nations in an effort to check the spreading of disease would prove effective. In Europe, likewise, he said, ‘“defeated and victorious states are joining in the common task of protecting the public health.” and the tyvphus epidemics are no longer a serious menace, though their after- effects will be felt for many years. Predicts Progress. . Reciting the history of disease pre vention and health promotion Dr. Fa rand commented on the “marked social- ization of disease prevention and heaith promotion” and the “increased import- ance of health in social and economic programs” as chiefly characterizing the work in the last ten or fifteen years. He predicted that the “ultimate sig- nificance of social and economic condi- tions to the physical and mental wel- fare of the race” would be realized with development of health and disease con- trol, “which will utilize to the full the significant relationship which econom! conditions and general family welfare bear to health.” “The past ten or fifteen years have been characterized by two movements developing along parallel lines.” said Dr. Farrand. “The first has been a marked socialization of disease pre- vention and health promotion; the second 1s the increased importance of health in cial and economic pro- gramw. The history of disease pre- vention and health promotion has gone through several distinct phases in the last generation or two. Growth of Sasitation. “1. The phass of general sanita- and the inculcation of health habits, with continuation of the campaign of health education by public authorities and_voluntary agencies. “Continued improvements should be brought about” he sald, “by the es- tablishment of the custom of period- ical medical examination of all in- dividuals in the community; by &ys- tematic instruction in health in all schools and universities, and the in- culcation af health habifs; by contin- uation of the campaign of health ed- ucation by public health authorities and by various voluntary agencies. “By improving the standards of med- ical and surgical care, and Increased hospital =and laboratory facilities, especially in_the rural districts: by the further reduction in the preva- lence of the common infectious dis- eases, like diphtheria, tuberculosis, | typhoid fever, etc.; the postponement, through education and physical ex- {amination, ot the age at which death |occurs from the degenerative dis- | eases and_the diseases of later life, ! such as diseases of the heart and blood vessels. By extension of the work in mental and oral hyglene and | diseases and disorders of the nutri- tion and venereal diseases; by con- tinued efforts to solve the problem of the control of the acute respira- tory diseases. “Increawed expenditures for public health will be necessury to produce the expected result, but no expendi- tures are so profitable as these when wisely made. The economic savings which arise from decreased sickness and death amount to at least ten times the total expenditures made by all public and voluntary health and welfare agencies. FOLKS IS HONORED | FOR WELFARE WORK| Homer Folks, president of the Na- tional Conference of Sookl Work, which is holding its fiftieth anniver- sary session in Washington, was eu- logized by Secretary of State Hughes | and a dozen other speakers at a luncheon in the Willard Hotel yester- day afternoon. The occasion was to celebrate Mr. Folks' thirtieth anni- versary as secretary of the State Charities Aid Association of New! York and thirty-three vears in social | work. About 300 men and women who have been associated with Mr. Folks in various phases of social work were present. In addition to the laudatory speeches, the social worker received an engraved silver tea service from his friends. FRIDAY, MAY 18} tion. characterized by specific ensi- heering projects, the establishment of sewage @aposal, pure water supply, ete—a phase more or less devold of modern social significance, except that In ' general sense it involves com- munity organizations and action. "2 % rhe period in which the at tack upon specific communicable dis- cace was foatured, the period of the ‘policeman health’ officer, with his \quarantine and isolation machinery itere creeps in, of course, a social ele- Inent and a factor of community re- sponsibility, depending for its effec- Tiveness upon individual and group knowledge and participation. The period of personal hyglene if personal health promotion. the co- temporary period in the health move- mient, in’ which social education Is Vical, in which the significance of so- cial responatbility is emphasized, and fn Jwhich Success of the health move- met is dependent upon the discovery of ¢frective group devices for educa- tbn in health knowledge and health habits and for the creation of a group *will to be healthy.” Y The period which we have anticl- te\d for & long time, but which still arg ely lles in the future, the phase of ' ealth and disease control which will' Litilize to the full the significant Telat lonship Wwhich economic condi- {ions and general family welfare bear > he:1ith. . This phase will bring to the fu i light of day the ultimate sig- ifican e of social and economic con- Gitionel to the physical and mental Welfar ¢ of the race.” Perio fical medical examination of Secretary Hughes, who was in close personal contact with Mr. Folks while Governor of New York from 1807 to ! 1910, said: “There was no one in whom { I had more explicit confidence than { in Mr. Folks. 1 recognize his pos- session of sympathy, knowledge and wisdom, which goes to make up statesmanship in social welfare work." 1n Tdeul Leader. | “He represents.” continued the Sec- | retary. “an ideal leader in social wel- fare work.” Success in government, Mr. Hughes added, depends on aid | and candid support given at the criti- cal moment. When serious problems were reached in New York's social work Mr. Folks was helpful in point- ing out where savings could be made; he came with a perspective and did | not take an impossible position, the | Secretary declared. He was a man | with & good course of action, & genu- | ine public servant and help to those performing public duty, the speaker aid. ®Dr. Livingston Farrand, president of Cornell University, presided. Oth- ers who paid tribute to Mr. Folks were Dr. Edward T. Devine of New York, Dr. Hermann M. Biggs, state comumissioner of health of New York; Rt. Rev. Mgr. J. L. Reilly of Schenec- tady, Dr. Hastings H. Hart of the | Russell Sage Foundation, New Yor! Amos W. Butler of Indianapolis. Ind Dr. Thomas W. Salmon, Arthur W.| Towme, Frank Tucker, Dr. Lee K. Frankel, Bailey B. Burritt, Owen R. all indi yiduals was urged by the statel Lovejoy and John A. Kingsbury. —_— -8 Sumnyer Comfaort e | Tailoired Clothes i “light-weight” If you have a preference for the light-weight summer materiale—we are sure that our assortment will more than satisfy you., The tailoring, which is a problem in most suits, immedi- ately givess our finished work a_distinction over most suits g’lling at an equal price. 530 AND UP Merchant Tailors I HAAS & CO. All-wool Suits Made to [Measure 1211 Pa. Ave. N.W. + The All-Wool House. I 1923. GGLY WIGGLY \ , Best Cane Granulated SUGAR 10 Lbs. for 94.c With ever'y purchase of $1.00 or more “EXCLUDING SUGAR?” 10 pounds to a custemer whether you purchase $50.00 or $1.01). Limit 10 pounds to a customer with every purchase of $1.00 or more. The hot daiys and the SHRINERS are coming. Stock your pantry {oday from the cleanest and best stocked grocery stores in the world. Piggly Wiggly all over Washington. “PRIDE OF WASHINGTON” BUTTER -rofsi¥asineron b, 49¢ POTATOES 4 s, 24c¢ $1.75 $1.00 RADISHES &% 2 bunches, 5¢ PINEAPPLE LiAcsie 28¢ ORANGES st e lzece dozen, 60c PEACHES “i:Zinta™ can, 31c APRICOTS GRAPE FRUI ASPARAGUS g’ each, 39¢ POTTED MEAT .= can, 4¢ JELLY = per glass, 22¢ ONIONS . . Spring, bunch, 2¢ RHUBARB . . fresh, bunch, 7¢ PEACHES gy 15¢ CHERRIES @mitt 36c BACON 3% , onelb. pkg, 33c throng our stores daily. SUNSET-GOLD New U. S. No. 1 Large Size Pillsbury’s Best 24-pound Sack Strawberry Hot House “Balls of JUICE” Halves, Extra Fine, “RED GOOSE” Heavy Syrup Large Can 26¢ each, 10c Sealdsweet Extra Nice