Evening Star Newspaper, February 28, 1923, Page 6

‘THE “EVENING _STAR, With'Sanday Morning Edition. T WASHINGTON, D. G. WEDNESDAY . February 28, 19988 THEODORE W, NOYES. ld.lhl' ?:u- Office, 151::':. and P-:;Ivrl- Ave. e I R Eurepeas Ofice; 16 Regent 8t., London, Kngiand. y mersing n the ety a0 Seate Dot sonth.. OF: dorn ay bo'qont Ta oF teiephone Maia 5000. llection s made by carrlers st the end of each month. . Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Dally and Sunday. .1 yr. $8.40; 1 mo., 103 Dalily only.. 1mo., 50c. Sunday only. 1mo., 20c All Other States. Daily and Sunda; Daily only Bunday onl Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled te the use for republication of all news dis- patches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news pub- lished ‘herein. Al rights of publlcation of special dispatches Derein are also reserved. 1 mo., 85¢ 1 mo., 60c c The Cabinet Reorganization. At practically the end of the second year of President Harding's term of office his cabinet remains more nearly intact than is usually the case after | such a lapse. In these two years there | have been two resignations, first that of Postmaster General Hays a year ago, and second that of Secretary Fall, ‘which is just taking effect. In replace- ment of the Secretary of the Interior the President now shifts to that de- partment the Postmaster General, Dr. Work, who succeeded Mr. Hays, and in place of the Postmaster General he appoints Senator Harry S. New of Indiana, who retires from the Senate on the 4th of March. Dr. Work's shift to the Department of the Interior is warranted by the ex- | cellence of his record in the Post Office | Department, as during the past year he has carried on that immense busi- ness with high executive ability. He goes now to a fleld of important serv- ice. The Department of the Interior, to which he is transferred, controls many vital interests, and there is con- fident expectation that the new Secre- tary will conduct the affairs of that department with fidelity to the estab- lished principies of conservation of natural resources. In assigning Senator New to the head of the postal administration the President expressed an admiration for his ability which has been mani- fested heretofore. In his long service | in the Senate Mr. New has demon- strated qualities that now fit him ad- | mirably for a cabinet post. He is an efficient worker, he has breadth of on and he knows the government service thoroughly. Thus reconstructed the cabinet re- mains a strong combination of ad- rs for the President, comprised as it is of men in whom he has Implicit confidence. Job Barnard. Job Barnard, retired justice of the District Supreme Court, who died in this city this morning, was a Wash- ingtonian of fifty vears' residence, | having come to this city in 1873. He then took position as assistant clerk of the court to the bench of which he[ was ‘assigned in 1899. He was thor- oughly identified with this community in all of its activities. With a wide | acquaintance, and many of the warm- est friendships, he had a pronounced influence for good in Washington. He was 2 member of numerous organiza- tions which worked for the betterment | of the District. As a jurist he dis- played deep learning and, moreover, a thorough kndwledge of the peculiar | conditions which prevail in this juris- diction, and was one of the most ef- ficlent members of the bench in the history of that court. Retiring some vears ago on account of edvancing | years, he remained in civic activi'~| until comparatively a short time ago, | when illness checked him. But he re- tained his keen interest in affairs, and his advice was sought by friends and husiness associates with appreciation for the soundness of his judgment and the keenness of his view. e was a | valuable citizen and public servant, and his.death is a matter of deep re- gret to the coramunity. : It he keeps going at the pace he has set, Lenin will make some of the gen- tlemen with reputations as world poli- ticiaps 100k like amateurs. President Harding and ex-presiden- tial Candidate Bryan are in agreement on at least one point. Both like the climate of Florida. { bommfl!ofla of his utterances as u‘ diplomat with his remarks as an editor reveal Afhbassador Harvey as a man of adaptable versatility. The House and Eleotric Voting. A proposition-is under consideration in the House of Representativés" to estabitsh™‘an electric -voting -system which, it is claimed, will fate time and avoid the confusion now atfending zoll calls. It is estimated that'a record vote can be -taken by the mechanical device and fully tabulated within fif- teen minutes, whereas a roll call now occuples more than twice that time, and, moreover, is subject ‘to some question as'te accuracy-.owing to the eonfusion that prevails in the cham- ber. Such'a system' was proposed & num- ber of years ago, and a device of that nature wag-tried out, but. was not deemed & success. Since ‘then, how- ever, the_feeling has increased that the:old ‘niéthod ofealling names with oral responses encroaches too much upon the ‘time of the House, and -en- deavors 16 effect a perfection of the machine ‘have now reached,the. poimt of sufficient success to warrant its adoption. ‘It is hoped to secure an ap- proving vote at this session to permit ‘thatalldtion of the’ electric: voter tdr"use in the next Congress. ~ " “PhéAisciission regarding this Tevice récalls memories of theold times when filibusters marked procéedingr of the ‘Houke-and roll calls were the.favorite devices Of. the bill-blockers. Often the Howeé would spend three or four hours st & sfrelch on one roll call after an- ‘other, ‘on & motion to sdjourn, on & motion to table, anather motion to ad- Journ, a call of the House on the point of no quorum, apother motion to ad- Journ, & move to overrule the decision of the cheir, again to adjourn, and so on almost ad infinitum.. It was Speaker Reed who out the Gordian knot of the filibuster by breaking up the “no quorum” game.. He counted s “present” those who were physi: cally in the hall, but who abstained from voting. The filibuster has long since lost it power in the House as the result of the perpetuation of the ‘‘Reed rules, and no party would now return to the old method of doing business, which was often the method of not doing business. But the roll call remains, with its consumption of time, not only the time of the House, but the tim& of members who are compelled on the signal of the bell to hasten from the distant recesses of the Capitol and its annex to the hall of the House to wait until their names are called, perhaps to wait until the supplementary call. But no voting machine will get members into the chamber on a call of the House when a quorum is lack- ing and the sergeant-at-arms Is'ordered to produce the bodies of the absentees. Members cannot vote from their hotels, or «boarding houses, or resi- dences, or the homes of hosts where they are perchance being entertained. They must be present in person with- in the four walls of the House to press the buttons that record their yeas and nays or their preference to be noted as “present and not voting.” No longer will the chant of the clerk be heard. A “roll call” will be a silent affair, a quarter hour of respite from noise and volces. A familiar picture will have vanished and the House will be saved time for more business or ‘more de- bate as it may elect. —_—————————— Cost of Public Schooling. Some very tough problems are pre- sented or suggested in a report of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advance- ment of Teaching. Acceptance of the conclusions of this report would con- front the American people With the alternative of revising their system of public instruction or finding new sources of revenue to maintain it on the line along which it is expanding. It is set forth that the cost of public schools increased from $140,000,000 in 1890 to $1,000,000,000 in 1920. Enroll- ment in public elementary schools in- creased from 13,000,000 to 22,000,000 during that period, and enrollment in high schools increased from 200,000 to 2,000,000. The increase in the number of grade school pupils was approxi- mately in the same proportion as the country’s population, but high school and college attendance increased man times faster. It may be a problem be- set with difficulty. but there will be no vackward step in education. The in- crease in high school attendance shows the way the wind is blo\v(n&i The people want this kind of schooling and what they want they will have. The Carnegie Foundation report makes some adverse criticlsm of de- tails in our public school system, but ; this criticism has been made before and has come from many sources. The report says that the present sys- tem of education has reached its enor- mous expense not wholly by reason of its efficiency, but partly by reason of its superficiality. It says that many courses are delusive in that they can- not be taught in an academic way, and that only by separating fundamental training from specialized training can this superficiality and expense be done away with. No doubt that which is wrong in public instruction will be corrected in course of time. Sentiment is working that way. In our new zeal for educa- tion we have probably run-to excess, and are giving schooling in non-essen- tial subjects believing that a child of school age can.be crammed with all learning and set out in the world fully equipped to compete with men whosé schooling has been supplemented by experfence. Schoolmen differ es to what can be successfully taught, and they differ as to what are essentials. Perhaps in time the question will be sifted down and we shall agree. There can be no thought of reducing essen- tials to the old standard of readin’, ’ritin’ and ‘rithmetie. - It would be a waste of time to try to convince the native populaMon of the Ruhr that France is not a mili-| taristic natlon. . —_————— . Luxurious debris in, the tomb at ! Luxor proves conclusively that-Tutan- khamen did not strive to conduct an economical administration. The ccal situation causes the ulti- mate consumer to think himself lucky if He can function, regardless of éx- pense, in accordance with his title, Perhaps the price of gas would halt in its upward tendency if.Mr..Joh D. Rockefeller were as enthusiastic a motorist as he isa .xollel'. The Hohenzollerns preserved their titles of dignity, but did not take them seriously in the family circle. Parts sets the fashions in clothes, and- Gpsets the fashions in European politics. Alexandria’s Great Memorial. Alexandria, with the heip of the rest of the country, will raise $4,000,000, in- stead of $8,000,000, for the Gedrge ‘Washington memorial now under con- struction on the heights. wedt of, or in the west end of, Goorge Washing- ton ome town.” “The cost pf the memorial itself has not been advanced, but it is proposed to raise the fourth million as an endowment fund. of the oldex. set in. Washington,.and perhaps for that mitter some of' the older. generation in. Alexandria, Wwill gasp to hear Alexandria end Alexan- drians talking-in terms ofmillions of dollars. There was a time, ‘and that time was not so long ago, when' thi ‘would ~ have _been astoniéhirg, but times change” The proposal to collect 2 million dollars an- endowment fund ‘for the . great memorlal meets with wide approval. It is & wise thing to haye a goodly’ surplus‘solldly. in- vested to providefor the upkeep of the temple and to mést such tharges as may arise; but which cannot be, fore- soen.. The. mngnificent ‘project which Alsxandris. end its people inspired and projected touches the imagination of millions of-persons, . and there is no doubt’ that the dollers needed will come in. The corner stone laying exer- clads will be held next Nivember, and it 1u belleved that 50,000 Masons from el parts of the country will ettend. The publigity that will be given to that event should start & strong tide of money flowing toward Alexandria and its splendid temple project. Government Hotels. The government's plaza hotels and dormitories will probably stand for some time and fulfill their useful mis- sion. The indications are that.the gov- ernment will pay the land rent due to the Baltimore and Ohio . Railroad Company, that the whole matter will be smoothed out and thé hundreds of women threatened with eviction may rest easy. A resolution pends in the Senate, and one is about to be intro- duced in the House, to pay’the rail- road company a reasonable rental for the property, and those members of Congress havirng the matter in band believe that the resolution will not be opposed. It is fortunate that these govern- ment hotels are to remain for & while longer. The time must come, and it should not be too far in the future, when the buildings will'be yemoved. They were a war-time expedient, and it was believed that the need for them would cease with the close of hostili- ties. The present need for housing space in Washington is well known. Every shelter conforming to eertain requirements is needed to take care of the people, and to evict government workers from these buildings at this time would bring an extraordinary hardship on them and would indirect- ly bear against other persons by in- creasing the pressure for housing. These government hotels should be abandoned and removed as soon as housing conditions return to normal. l Shakespeare Is becoming 80 popu- lar in the theater that, were he alive today, he could get & job in any mo. pic. studio as a scenario writer, ! A very little investigation in Con- gress should suffice to show that traf- fic conditions in the District of«olum- bia need a great deal of regulation. i When something begins to look like 30 cents it is referred to with slangy contempt. It is not so with the price of gasoline. i Germany has done her best to dis- | courage counterfeiting by letting the paper mark drift to so low a level that it is scarcely wortls the raw material. i Isadora Duncan long since learned that notoriety makes an excellent substitute for legitimate advertising {in her particular line of business. 1 Germany receives grain from Russia in thankful recognition of the fact that sovietism is ready to distribute something besides terror. l The authorities have many immigra- tion problems on hand, but old John Barleycorn is still regarded as the most undesirable of aliens. fi John D. Rockefeller is always de- picted as~engtossed in golf. Perhaps he is not personally responsible for the fact that the price of gas has gone up. l SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The American Temperament. We're a nation renowned for @ mood optimistic ‘Which nothing can wholly destroy. Contentions arise, diplomatic or fistic. They fail to endanger our joy. Though 'prices are cruel we pay for our fuel As well as the duds on our backs. ‘We don’t lose our senses, but meet the . expenses, Including the income tax. ‘We never succumb to a gloomy sug- [ gestion i - Which rises in foreign affairs, { But we frankly respond to each inti- mate question ‘Which relates to our government's cares. 3 lon business relations we make com- putations And’then we play jazz and relax. Each chappy is happy-and-not at all scrappy, In spite of the income tax. The bootlegger bootlegs and gathiers his booty. 5 The wild cat runs wild in ‘finance, But the average citizen tends to his " duty And views the ill-doar askance. Huinan naituré is gentle and still 'senti- - mental: 4 et : The Jills fondly smile on. the Jacks. Thoiigh™ sometimes informal, we're blisstully normal, _ In wpite of the income tax. ~ A Student of His Own Time. “Did you read Cicero's orations when you went to school?” “No,” replied Senator Sorghum. was afraid it would give me classical ideas that would spoil my form for the gatherings I addressed at the post office’and general store.” 1 “Jud ‘Tunkins says-the town band broke up because everybody wafted to be Arum major instead of learning to play something. The beverages of the past : No longer we see. - The influential drink, at lasi 1s aftérnoon tea. . Amilder ‘brew contents the soul © “Where diplomats be. * 3 There's nothing in the flowing , ‘But #iftérnoon tea. - . Mysteries of Finance: “Did you say your. boy Josh had gotten into debt?” e “Yes,”” answered Farmier. Corntossel, “Josh: don't own any land ner raise any crops,-and yet somehow or ‘nother he manages :to get more credit than ‘bowl troubles is disappearin’;. Dar ain’-no- body sayin®nufin’ no mors ‘bout dat Ipublican. BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. “ Inventors - of the budget of the United States probably never imagin- ed Tn their wildest flights that some day it would derve to discourage men’ from taking cabinet office. Yet that Is the miracle which this observer is Informed recently came to pass. The Président looking for some one to fll a bortfalfo about to become vacant. He offered it to a repub- lican whom Mr. Harding himself de- scribes as “an outstanding American. The man in question rather fancled: the position. He. conceived that it held:qut a prospect:for eminent na- tional: sérvice. But he had ocertain Idess, that would have called: for the expenditure of money. The budget was‘mentioned. The able and worthy citizen - whom the President wanted to-ralse. to cabinet rank did not long healtate to express himself. Under the Rx-wielding system the budget imposes, ‘he admitted he could not carry out projects near to his heart in'the department, un consideration and declined the proffered honor. * kR At table at the American Law In- stitute’s banquet the other night three former Secretaries of War found themselves In close proximity—Elihu Root, Willlam Howard Taft and Jacob M. Dickinson. All of the heads of the War Department for the past quarter of a Century, roughly, have been lawyers with the exception of John W. Weeks, who is a banker and broker by profession. Chief Justice Taft divested himself at the law feast of an epigram that com- bined wit, wisdom and resignation. “When a man reaches the place I have.” he said, “he is not expected to speak, and he has more than he can attend to in what he hears.” * ok ok o Henry Wallace, Secretary of Agriculture, was the recipient of a unique honor at Toronto the other day. He was invited to address the Ontario provincial legislature from the floor of the House. Among the things the Secretary said were these: “During my lttle visit to Canada I have at mo time felt I was in a foreign land. We are to all intents and purposes one people, with the same hopes and aspirations and fidel- ity to law and order. We are hoth great agricultural countries and our national prosperity depends upon the farm. We are coming out of the de- pression. The skies are brighter, the future is brighter. When we there, and then turn our eves home, we ought fo praise the Lord for the state of affairs here.” Ontario’s parliament, in which Mr. Wallace spoke, is in control of farm-labor coalition, and a dirt farmer, Mr. Drury, is premier of the province and leader of parllament. ———e Urges Aid for the To the Editor of The Star A small article in the columns of your flourishicg newspaper has led me to burst forth in Andignation, righteous or otherwise. Under the date of February 20, the Associated Press spread the glad tidings that a miliion dollars had been donated to Columbla University for the benefit of foreign students. Great, simply marvelous, but why the clause “for foreign students™? Have the American philanthropists so much money to give away that they cannot find a fleld in the great body of American undergraduates that need | flancial aid? An investigation as to the number of men forced to leave college and graduate schools each year because of financial embarrass- ment would lead one to believe that there is plenty of opportunity for similar donations among American students. Not that the American- born students have not had generous gifts placed at their disposal, nor that the American students have not benefited materially from outside means; but why place a fortune at the disposal of foreigners, to their exclusion? ative Not Seeking Charity. One thing that stands out as an asset to the native student is the fact that he is not looking for charity. His only desire is that he may be able to find some method of earning suf- ficlent funds to enable him to get by in _his chosen college. Having lived for quite a number of years in the city where one of the best known universities in the coun- try sheds its light, and having spent the required period of time in a smaller college absorbing the neces- sary amount of learning,to enable me to enter the freshman 'class of one of your great law schools here in the city, T feel quite competent to speak on_the subject. * To‘an outstder, and by that I mean: one who has never entered any of our institutions of higher learning, it would seem 'that working one’s way through college was one of America’s easiest pastimes. Ask the college man who is doing just that what he thinks about it. Of course, there are vouths who succeed in landing easy positions through ‘their natural abllity or otherwise, but they are outnumbered three to one by the clothes-pressing, hash-slinging, fur- nace-cleaning members of the under- graduate body. The sacrifices young men make to gain the coveted sheep- skin are almost unbelievable. I have known honor men in college classes to live for months at a time on only qne meal a day, and not & very heavy one &t that. 1 have seen fellows go all winter long without proper cloth- Ing in order that they might buy the Timotby Smiddy, representative of the Irish Kree State in America has been here long enough to satisfy himself that Irish-American sentiment is overwhelm- ingly “anti-De Valera.” He is $nclined to think the percentage is close to 50 for the Dublin government and 10 for the insurgent republican caus The Roman Catholic priesthood in the United States, with no notable ex- ceptlons, is said to be a unit fn de- crying De Valera's efforts to harass the Free State government in its ef- fort to administer home rule. Ireland, of course, enjoys no independent re- lations with the United States gov- ernment. It maintains official head- quarters in Washington, as Canada long has done, and if Canada's long- standing desire for diplomatic inter- course with the United States Is real- ized. Erin hopes to be placed on & simliar footing. * ok Britain's brilliant and half-Ameri- can Winston Churchill, who tem- porarily banished into - political ob- livion with Lloyd - George, shortly will lssue his book on the world war. He was first lord of the admiralty (secretary of the nary) Im :1914. Churchill claima as his greatest glory the fact that, without the authority of the cabinet, he took it upon him- self to order ‘the British fleet from the west coast of England, where it was engaged in maneuvers, to Its ‘war station” on the east coast, al- most a full week before Britain “went in Excerpts from the first volume are now appearing serially in the London Times. Churchill, & master of English style, paints this sraphic account of the fleet creepin gnseen to the front line in the Nort ea: “We may now picture this great armada. with its flotilias’ and cruis- ers, stealing slowly out of Portland harbor, squadron by squadron, scores of gigantic castles of steel wending Politics at Large BY N. 0. MRSSENGER. Interest inoreases week by week In the gosaip and speculation abo:t pos- sible candidates for the democratic nomination: for the presidency—this, too, despite the counsel of some Of the elder statesmen of the party to harp softly on that string at this time. The harpists continue to twang. It is true that the sages did have their way at Detroit when they succeeded In squelching proposed in- dorsement of Henry Ford's candidacy by the democratic state convention. It would have been rather rough on |Senator Owen of Oklahoma, who was present ip- the convention and ad- dressed it, had they sprung the Ford boom right under his nose by tying up the Michigan democrats for Mr. Ford a year in advance of the regular BY PAUL V. COLLINS. “This week will decide whether child labor is to be safeguarded through federal legislation or to continue to be exploited in many states, sacrific- ing childhood upon the altar of pri- vate greed. Congr has no power. to limit child labor through legisia: tion until a constitutional amend- ment is passed and ratified by three- fourths of the states. .The proposed amendment read: “The Congress shall have power concurrent with the power of the sev- eral states to limit or prohibit the labor of persons under eighteen years of age. i It is believed that the amendment will receive the sanction of Congress at this session, for attempts have boom season. Senator Owen, of|been made several times to accom- course, had nothing to say about his!plish the regulation through legisla- are in demand. Untrained woman clerks, or -untrained men, need.the opportunity to increase thelr usefui- ness rather than artificial protection of & law that operates as often to bar them employmant at any prige a8 1t to enhance their pay. Ths‘w the afgument which opposes the minfmum wageé scale and becomes the foundation for the case coming before the Supreme Court March 5. £ x x ¥ The great naturalist Agassiz wis offered a rich contract for a course of lectures and replled: “I haven't time to,make mone: Senator John Sharp Williams, who will retire from Con- Eress next week after serving un- interruptedly since the Fifty-third Congress, is said to have been offered $30,000 & year for a series of weekly newspaper articles on public life and current issues, and_he has given the possible candidacy. but had & good|tion, only to be thwarted by a Su- deal to say about democratic policies, |preme Court ruling that, until ,the If any one had in mind the Wkelihood |States ratify an amendmert the fed- of his becoming a candidate for the|eral authorities are barred from'ac- presidential nomimation, he gave a|tion. Ee e pretty good inventory of hisstock of ) It has been alleged that all the evil policies for the democratic party to support, s of child labbr exists in the.south and that unless°the state legislatures Bct in the matter it does not comcérn other states. That is not a fair state- ment. Aside from humanitarfan n- terest, nation-wide business competi- tion compels recognition of the prac- tice. South Carolina permits the working of childrer eleven hours a day. Cotton manufacturers: of the * K % * Senator Owen is strong for making. it easier to amend the Constitution. He would have it possible to, submit a proposed amendment by a majority of the two houses, or by a two-thirds vote of either house, and made effec- tive by a majority vote of the con- gressional “districts through a ma- Jority of the voters in each district. 5 He would expand the Federal Trade|POTtR cannot compete with that child Commission; take the prosecution of |8Duse unless they also use child labor t?."lrufls Way |(rom the Dflvlr:mffll on equal terms. Many New England of Justice; vest it in that commission |manufacturers therefore are estab- and require all interstate corpora-|lishing factories in the child swerifice tions dealing in the.necessaries of 11f¢ | region in order to employ children to take out federal licenses that Will|The northerner appears just as con- assure their obedience to law. sclenceless in they matter ag does ‘his He is for the league of nations;|southern rival. 'he law.of compe- their way across the misty, shining [for federal control of stock and com- sea llke glants bowed In anxlous |modity exchanges; -revaluation of thought. We may picture them again |railroads, telephone and telegraph as darkness fell, eighteen miles of |companies as a basls for rate regu- warships running at high speed and |lation; for national and state systems in absolute blackness through the [of co-operative marketing and ware- look | across the seas and note conditions | narrow straits, bearing with them into the broad waters of the north the safeguard of considerable affairs.” * ok % The thousands of Chinese mer- chants in business in the Philippines have a grievance agalnst what they term an annoying plece of bureau- leracy. The Filipino legislature, appears, passed a law requiring that all accounts in the islands be kept | either in English, Spanish or Filipino | |dialect. The Chinese claim this regu- lation is designed to kill the business of their smaller tradespeople. The tate Department at Washington irecommended that the law be altered as a concession to China, but the I Filipino house of representatives jhas tabled all resolutions looking to amendment or alteration. Only the Congress at Washington can now de- cree a change in favor of the Chinese. (Covyright. 1923.) American Student. necessary textbooks and supplies of a scholastic nature. Exposure Brought Breakdown. The man that led his class for three consecutive years in a very prominent New England college has been forced to glve up his books because of broken health, brought about by too little food and too little sleep in an effort to provide for his education. One does not realize what difficul- ties present themselves to a college student who has no one to depend on but himself for sustenance. All too easily do people suggest, “Work your way through,” and one is led to be- lieve that the path of the working student |s strewn with good times and good marks, Go among the students of your local evening schools and inquire as to whether any of them would like to secure work of any nature; only upon such an inquiry be prepared to de- fend yourself against an attack from an angry mob. There you will find men—for most of them are that in the literal sense of the word—strug- 8ling to secure the knowledge that Will give them the power to succeed in their chosen careers. That is their paramount idea. but second to that comes their struggle for existence. You will find clerks, bell hops. taxi drivers, icemen, solicitors, tutors, firemen, truck drivers, janitors and { many Who do not come under any of these classes, but who are all trying to live until the time comes when they, too, can secure such a job. Government First Appeal. Accompany one of them on his tour of the city in search of employment. The fact that his school starts early in the evening makes an early quit- ting hour necessary. The first thing that enters his mind is the govern- ment. Providing he has a satis- factory rating, let him go in search of a clerical position. Having heard through some of his more fortunate fellows that there is a vacancy in a certain department, he immediately takes himself there, and is met by the phrase, “Sorry, but we have no open- ing just at present.” After repeated refusals and blanks he turns himself toward other flelds, and if lucky ‘may secure a position with some mercantile or trucking concern. At the present -writing there are at least two college gradu- ates of my acquaintance who are working for the magnificent sum of fifty dollars per month. the subject is running away from.me, and that the topic that I started with has been discarded. The facts that I have stated, however, lead me to®be- lieve, and I think I 'will find others who will agree with me, that at the present time money placed at the disposal of American students would find a hearty welcome. And why not? Has the phrase “America First" become entirely obso- lete? J. MORAN. ECHOES FROM CAPITOL HILL COSTS GOVERNMENT LITTLE TO ENFORCE PROHIBITION. As a matter of fact, it is costing the government practically hothing to en- force prohibition. Bootleggers, rum runners and fllicit dealers are paying for their lawlessness through fines and . penalties. Even if $5,000,000 ‘more were added, if the internal reve- nue collectors and other federal offi- cers would use the power they have to impose penalties upon thesa illicit dealers, it would bring back in dol- 1ars to the government twice ag much as it costs.—Representative Dickin- son, Towa, republican. MUST “DRINK AS YOU. VOTE.” The lesgue' gladly accepted your voti to put across tl Volstead act and 1t permitted our “dry” legislators to drink as they pleased. But now it appears that program Is to be anged. The Antl-Saloon League proposes to-trail the “dry” congress- men and it ig going to make you drink as you voted.—Representative Gallivan, Massachusetts, democrat. THE TROUBLE WITH SOME LAWYERS. The trduble with some lawyers 18 that their minds are so stuffed with legal precedents that they resemble & crowded warehouse with the index lost or with the catalogue missing. Representative London,gNew York, clalist. NO REASON TO REPUDIATE AGREEMENTS. Of ‘course, the vanquished in a war are subdued by force; but s that an; reason why agreements therein enter- ed”into should be repudiated?—Rep- resentative Newton, - Minnesota, re- I | NECKTIE SIGNAL SHIP BILL IS BEATEN. * The reason why I asked the ques- tion of the senator from Washington (Mr. Jones) was that throughout the debate he has worn a very loud red necktie, showing fight; and today_ I notice that his tle is pure white, showing surrender.—Senator Harri- son, Mississippi, democrat. GOLD AND SILVER PRODUCTION FALLS OFF. In 1915 our production of )gold was $101,035,700; in 1922 but $49,096,000, a reduction of 51.41 per cent. In the case of silver our production in 1916 was $74,961,076; in 1921 it was but $53,062,441, a decrease of 29.23 per cent.—Senator Walsh, Montana, demo- erat. BRITAIN'S GRIP ON RUBBER SUPPLY. The United States is the largest buyer of rubber in the world. There {s consumed in this country more than 76 per cent of the world’s supply of rubber. * * * At the present time British capital in the British East Indies produces more than 72 per cent of the entire world's supply.—Repre- sentative Byrns, Tennessee, democrat. TRIBUTE TO LINCOLN FROM A SOUTHERN SENATOR. .Since the death of George Washing- ton no man has more powerfully ap- pealed to the hearts and affections of the American people than that rugged, gentle, patient figure, Abra- ham Lincoin; and I say it as a south- ern man.—Senator Stanley, Kentucky, democrat. housing; for one term of six years for the President' of the United States. He contends that ‘“the democrats of America should now help to make their country the moral and spiritual leader of all mankind.” * k% % ncle Joe” Cannon, who retires from public life March 4, will by the of more farewell dinners than Patu had “farewell appearances.” Come to think of it, they began last winter, the writer recalling a number. This winter they have strung along ever since the first Monday in December and for the past month have been going strong. “Uncle Joe” must know himself pretty well by this time, after listening to the reiterated recital of his virtues, and be either all puffed up with vanity or wondering if it is all true. The people of his own home town, Danvllle, 11l are preparing a great reception for him on his return, and, intent upon making it a state affair, are inviting visitors from far and {wide to make his homecoming a rous- ing and vociferous occasion, * ¥ x X Senator Oscar Underwood, whose possible prospective candidacy for the democratic nomination for the presi- dency was noted in this column last week, has given what is regarded as unmistakable evidence that “Barkis is willin'” The Alabama legislature adopted a resolution urging that Mr. Underwood permit his name to go before the democratic national .con- vention as a candidate for the presi- dential nomination. “I am going away when Congress adjourns for a few months' rest,” he wrote to a friend, commenting upon the action of the legislature. “When 1 return I shall give very careful and thorough consideration to the friendly suggestions that are being made in reference to the advisability of my entering the fight for the presidential nomination of our party.” * k% ok Politicians of both parties are won- dering whether the farmers will con- stitute themselves into a political bloc in the next campaign and align them- selves with whichever of the old parties holds out to them the most glittering prospects in its national platform;: whether they will attempt to put up candidates of their own in the congressional oontest or rally around candidates, irrespective of party affiliation, who will offer them the best-sourding bid for their sup- port. The Non-Partisan League is re- ported to be increasing in strength n western states where hitherto it as not so strong. It seems evi- dent that “regular” democratic and republican candidates will have hard sledding with that organization in some states. * % % % Speculation upon these points ma: be influenced by the action of Con- gress this week. The whole session has dragged along to the present hour without Congress having enacted the relief legislation proposed for the farmers by their friends in Congress. Only a few da)- remain in which to put legislation to final enactment and make good on the promises given the farmers in the last campaign. It is of a kind wlill surely be enacted, but many senators and representatives are on the anxious bench, and will be until the President signs a bill. * kX Xk It is noted by politicians that an attack all along the line is being made by the wet forces against the alleged methods used by the Anti-Saloon League n sgcuring state and national prohibition legislation, and espectally as to the collection and distribution of funds. In New York state in par- ticular the course of the heads of that organization in the raising and dispensing of moneys is under court serutiny at'this time. It seems apparent that the “wets” in their coming campaign for modifi- cation of the Votstead act are setting out to discredit, if possible, the Anti- Saloon League so as to weaken its strength in the conflict ahead. Al- ready this crusade has resulted in drying up several very bountiful sources of contributions available to the Antl-Saloon League, thus depriw- ing it of munitions of war for the fu- ture. Frequently has it been said that this bod{ has proven itself the most powerful political entity in the coun try, due first to its compact organiza- tion and to its financial resources, en- abling it to conduct propaganda upon a vast scale, to sway publio opinion.: Of course, back-of it all lies the latent reform sentiment of the nation. The league, through its aggressive and competent methods, has been-able to create, to assemble and to apply ef- fectively this reform sentiment. ’ * kK X The wets have no body comparable in any way with this great militant organization, and although they are supposed to have almost unlimited means in their membership, they:can- not direct with the force and concen- trated volume as the league can and does do. ‘The clash between the wets and the drys expected to be precipitated with the opening of the next Congress is visioned by practical politicians as likely to be second in ‘the history of the country only to t fight over slavery. It bids fair, they , to dis- rupt parties and famlilies, ps did that tremendous. issue.. - e iy tition makes federul legislation - the only possible means of saving the children. Only seventeen states now protect ‘childhood; thirty-one permit ts unlimited exploitation. * ok %k So far as the District of Columbia is concerned, Congress has full state Jurisdiction, and so in 1918 it adopt- ed a.law fixing minimum wages for women in the District at $16.50 a week. Suits have been brought to test that {tltime that day arrives have a record |law as an invaslon of the right of private contract. Such a suit will be argued in the United States Su- preme Court March 5 and is_being watched by the attorneys genéral of all states, for its decision will affect much legislation in the states. * % & & It is contended that if wages may be fixed by law for adults the right of private contract is infringed upon. Then prices for commodities may also be controlled by law, regardless of the natural economic law of supply and demand. When such legislation becomes general production will be artificlally ‘Interfered with, competi- tion will cease and the relgn of soclalism will become absolute, It would be impossible to_dictate wages or prices except by backing that dictation with a government guarantee of a sale at the fixed prices. Otherwise evasions will become the practice and contempt of law will be stimulated. The effort to benefit woman employes in the District by doubtful success, for it has resulted in the dischargé of many women whose services were not worth that rate. The wages come 5o near the DAYy of men that in many cases em- ployers have preferred the men at & igher rate, claiming that it was economy to pay the higher price for the more available service. Whenever women are_competent to earn high wages they have no trou- fixed minimum wages has becn of | Agassiz answer. He Is going Lome o rest, to read and to tend the flow ers of his garien. - Happy is the man whose avocations gre more to him than a $30,000 vocation. ' R * %% % 'Figufes wop't lle, but—— Some ex- pert accountaiit tells a thirsty world that, 1f “Preident Harding's predic- tlon i true that it Will take twenty- five years before the Volstead law fs fully enforced, the total cost will be 620 thousand billion dollars. (I omit the exact change—these are round figures, but it is a square sum.) The calculation is based on the notion that the présent rate of violation will Ibe kept up clear to the end of the twenty-five years and then on New Year, * 1948, “all America will sud- denly swear off and shoot the boot- leggers. | What President Harding meant was [that the violation would gradually itaper off to a thin edge until at the end of twenty-five vears the whole business would be dead. From that standpoint the way. to figure would be to strike an average between the present cost and zero, which would split the sum, 8o that only 310 thou- sand billion dollars would be the cost Why bother about bagatelles? Isn's it worth that much? * ¥ *x *x Congress has given the Department of Commerce $500,000 with which to experiment and investigate as to the possibilities of rubber production in Ithe Philippine Islands. The modern demand for rubber has grown out of ‘all bounds and there is danger that Great Britain may monopolize its pro duction. : Rubber is of vegetable growth, and _{naturally all science of raising crops belongs to_the Department of Agri- culture. Just why this experiment in rubber is taken out of the Depart- ment of Agriculture and given to the Department of Commerce has not becn cxpiained. In the meanwhile the Secretary of Agriculture, Mr. Wallace, tells the public that rubber will grow in our southern states, Whether it can be made profitable lin the south is a question of wages jof the laborers required to handle the gum as it comes from the trees. That appears to be the present problem. But it does not follow that because much cheaper manual labor is required undef South American methods Ameri- can genius might not find labor-saving methods which would replace that manual labor. It is certain that the object of the experiment is most vital to American commerclal independence. At prcsent 75 per cent of the rubber of the world is produced in British territory. More than 5 per cent of automobile tres are made in the United States. and new uses are being developed each year, Increasing the demand. For example, in Boston the prac- ticability of paving the business streets with rubber {s under discus- sioh, The argument In its favor i8 its deadening of the hubbub of traffic. If such an experiment proves suc- ble to get the pay without the inter- ference or alleged protection of legis- lative minimums. Trained workers | BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. Gaston Doumorgue, who has just been elected to the presidency of the French senate—that is to say, to the second highest place in the official hierarchy of his country, with a gor- geously. furnished palace, known as the Petit Luxembourg, maintained at |the expense of the state, even to the very establishment of domestics, -and a salary of $20,000 a year—has re- celved a portion of his education in England. Indeed, he understands Great Britain probably better than iany other statesman of equal promi- nence in the public life of France and jhas British relatives; for Lady Scott, ithe wife of the great novelist, Sir ‘Walter Scott of Abbotsford, although she bore the patronymic’of Carpen- ter, was a native of France, and on the death“of her parents was taken to England by her Doumergue uncle and aunt to be placed under the guardianship of the Lord Downshire of the day. . Hailing from the south, and having eat for nis native city jof Nimes in But I am afraid.-In my zeal, that|sqiq at the Capitol that legislation|the chamber of deputies, and now [senator for the Gard, Gaston Dou- mergue suggests the cheery vine farmers and vineyard owners of the Gard, and his kindly, genial ways, as well as nis warm and cordial south- ern French, which never fails to at- tract, and which 1s so pleasing to the ear, endow him with quite special advantages for the position of presi- dent of the senate. His steadiness of purpose inspires confidence alike with friend and foe. With him_there is no question of facing both ways, as with Barthou. His family- are Cevennes Protestants, which he has a very keen sense of humor, and he is very even-tempered and slow to take offense. On several occasions the has held the office of premier and of foreign minister. One great advantage which he possesses over .most of the French statesmen of his rank {s that he has traveled extensively. Indeed, as 2 young man he spent several years in a judicial capacity, first in Cochin China and then -in Algeria. and on the strength of the experience which he gaimed there was ‘appointed minister of the colonies in the to France so eventful vears of the first half of the reign of Edward VII in Great Britain. * k& X ‘When' Archduchess Sophia of-Aus- tria-Hungary died in 1872 most of her intimate belongings remaineds in the possession of her only unmarried son, the late Archduke Louis Victor, who was always a bit foolish, and who -on that account Hhad..been an object of her particular solicitude and care ‘throughout the first thirty years of hig life. Indeed, she regard- ed him as the Benjamin of her flock and up to the time of her demise he lived under her roof. Then for many vears he submitted tq, the mentor- ship of amr English diplomat, who en- joyed in' altogether exceptional fashion’ the tonfidenice ‘and regard of the imperial house of Hapsburg. Thanks to this, Ralph Milbanke oc- cupied a unique podition at Vienna. Of exquisite tact and of endless pa- tience, joined with rare firmness of character, his influence over the archduke was unbounded, and for the sake of the imperial family, and in deference to_their urgent entreaties, in spité of! cessful in Boston the demand for othet cities would be incalculaby great. (Copyright, 1923, by P. V. Collins.) New President of the French Senate Admirably Equipped for Difficult Joh ward, declined promotion to the rank of minister plenipotentiary in another capital and remained at Vienna as counselor of "the British ecmbassy until his death in the Austrian me- tropolis, where his obsequies were at- jtended by well-nigh every member of the reigning house of Hapsburg. After Milbanke's death Archduke Louls - Victor went adrift, morally speaking. He became involved in ail sorts of .scrapes, thanks to evil com. panionship, and finally became in- volved In so painful a scandal that his - eldest brother, Emperor Francis Joseph, caused him'to be interned as irresponsible in the beautiful chateau of Klesheim, near Salzburg, where he spent the remainder of his days, strictly guarded, in a sort of gilded |captivity. his palace in Vienna being meanwhile dismantled and all its con- tents forwarded to his chateau of Klesheim. N * ok ok % It is necessary to enter into these particulars in order to explain how it comes that documents of extraordi- nary importance have quite recently been found at Castle Klesheim, where the late archduke passed away in a state of senile imbecility in January. 1919—that, is_to say, just after the overthrow' of the Hapsburg monar- chy, and when everything in the dual empire was in aicondition of chaos and confusion, The documents discovered there. and which have fallen into hands of people more intent upon making money t}gln of preserving the most sacred and most intimate confldences of imperial personages, consist of nothing less than the collection of all the confidential letters which Empe- ror Francis Joseph addressed day b¥ day to his mother from the very mo- ment of his accession to the throne ir 1848 'until the day of her death in 1872. A very masferful, ambitious and clever woman, Archduchess Sophia's influence over him remained un- bounded. Indeed, it was because of its dominant character that the mar- ried life of his beautiful consort was 80 unhappy, almost from the very out- set, that it éulmifatéd in an estrange- ment, which was but partially healed by their community of grief over the shocking death of their only sonm, Crown Prince Rudolph, at Meyerling in January, 1889. His mother domi- nated the entire. life of Emperor Franc! Joseph during the first twenty-four years of his reign. He did" nothing Wwithout her approval— consulted her about“®verything, and made his young empress feel 'that. while she was an ornament to his court, she had no part in the direc- tion of his policies or in the adminis- tiation of his dominions, nor even in the state secrets of his government and of his house. He never did any- thing throughout all that near quar: ter of a century without makin : daily report thereof to his mothes. couched'in the most {ntimate and un« reservedyterms.. The publication of this amazing colt lection of lettézs, which are being prigted - without.’ any revision ol emendation, bids fair to create & world-wide' sensation and to consti- tute a wonderful contribution to the history of an era which witnessed the rise and fall of the empire of Napo- leon III, the birth of Bismarckian Ger- many and of united Italy, the brief existence of the Mexican empire and the restoration of Hungary into é separate sovereign. state under xole, X