Evening Star Newspaper, January 4, 1923, Page 6

6 THE EVENING STAR,! hiding throughout his stay. If he ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY. ... January 4, 1923 THEODORE W. NOYES...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Businesg Office. 111h St. and Pennsyivania Ave. New York Office: 150 Nassau Si. Chicago Office: Tower Building. European Office : 10 Regent St., London, Englaad The Evening Star. with the Sunday morning edition, is delivered by carriers within tie city A&t 60 cents per month: daily oni cents per 30 ceats per month 'y tuall or teleplione N tion s made by carriers at wonth, Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. “Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..1 yr., $5.40; 1 mo., 70¢ Daily only.. 1 ¥r., $6.00; 1 mo.; 50¢ Sunday oni 1yr., $2.40; 1 mo., 20¢ All Other States. Dally and Sunday..1yr., §10.00; 1 mo., 85¢ Daily caly. 1yr., $7.00: 1 mo., 80c 8unday oni, 1 $3.00; 1 mo.. 25¢ Member of the Associated Press. The Axsociated Press in exclugively entified o the n cution of all news d patches credited to it or not otherwise eredited Jn_this paper and also the local news pub- Tished “herein. Al rights of publication of special dispatehes herem are also reserved. —_—— The District Bill. Partially offsetting the many dis- appointments caused by the double cutting of the Commiss s esti- mates, the bill reported today to the Tlouse making approprations for the District for the fiscal vear 1923-24 is in certain respects decidedly satisfactory. While it does not carry as much money as the current law, by $226,714, and is less than the budget estimates by $926,235, its total of $22,624,895 includes many very gratifying in- creases in liems of urgent municipal need. In respect to the difference between this bill and the current law it should be noted that it is more than made up in one item, $250,000 for the new Georgetown bridge, car ried the law of 1922-23. That structure is’completed and no further appropriations are required, so that in point of current maintenance and new works the bill, as reported to the House. is in its total actually a little above the law of this fiscal year. This. however, the budget estimates, which were in themseives a reduction from the Com- missioners’ etimates by a_considera- ble figure. A from the estimates as approved by the budget bureau necessarily entails some heavy eu ecially as in cer- tain particulars goes beyond ‘the budget materially. Thus in the matter of street improve- ments, which ftem is the most guati- fying in the bill, the House committes recommends $541,200 more than the current law and $44,700 more than the budget bureau; also in the provision for child hygiene service the commit- tee adds $15,000, in addition to the law and the budget estimates; also, in respect to the Industrial Home School, the bill carries $21,040 more than the bureau estimated. The ‘appropriations committee has adopted intact the program of new school constructions and site provision recommended by the budget buteau, entailing an-appropriation of $1,204,000. This, however, is a material decrease from the current law of over a million dollars. Had the school improvement program recommended by the commit- tee gone beyond the budget bureau, as in some other particulars of Dis- trict maintenance, and approximated the provisions carried by the current law, the new bili would have been the most satisfactory vet reported-to the House for-the District. There is reason to hope that this | feature of the bill may be stillim- proved by additions in the Senate in the light of the findings of the joint special commiitec which has been in- vestigating the school conditions and, it is understood, is ready to-report and to urge the adoption of a broad con- struction program. A current law having written in effect a new ovganic act for -the District and fixed the ratio of Dis- trict-federal c¢ontributions for capital maintenance at sixty-forty on a per- manent basis, this new bill is not complicated by the considerations that have obtained for several years past at the corresponding state of District appropriation legislation. It is inter- esting to note that one of the reduc- tions from the current law is an item | of $20,000 for the expenses of the joint select committee now sitting to determine the relative equities in the District-federal account for mnearly half a century and the riet amount of surplus District tax money lying in the Treasury which may be available for appropriations or for application to the cash-basis system of District financing which- the current law re- quires. ———— In looking for a man to straighten out the Berlin government the last person to be thought of is the ex- kaiser, once regarded as the great source Of \wisdom and authority, —_— i Bergdoll might not have as easy a time eluding vigilance if he were suspected of bringing along materisl which would place him under the at- tention of the revenue officers. ————— Bergdoll. For some days reports have circu- lated in this country that Grover Bergdoll is trying to-slip past the guards and return to the United States. Several ships have been searched for him on information that he was aboard, but without result. Conflicting reports have ‘come from Germany regarding him, but the' be- et prevails that he is trying to re- turn. . Just why Bergdoll would want to get back into the United States is not altogether clear, unless he is after money. He may. be still trying to recover that famous hidden gold from the mountains of Maryland, in. the course of an expedition to recover which, while a prisoner at Governors Island, he gave- his conductors the slip and made his escape, Unless his family has cast him off, however, it ‘would seem to be unnecessary for him to risk arrest by returning ‘to the United States to get funds, for com- | ‘munications are open between the . United States and Germany. 1f this young-man succeeds in get- jing in'he will be under necwsity of leaves a loss from | departure of $926,235 | the bill as reported | proposes to make this his permanent home he will be a most miserable creature, a fugitive from justice, un- der sentence of imprisonment, dodging from place to place, always in fear of capture, subject to the suspicion of others. This in itself will be a punishment even if he never serves the term imposed upon him by court- ! martial as a military service dodger. There will be no remission of vigi- lance in Bergdoll's case, even though he has become a negligible quantity personally. The United States is un- relenting in its pursuit of theose who flout its laws, and Bergdoll may be assured of strict watchfulness on the part of the government agents if he should -try to slip past the barriers jand to take up his habitation here. Those who are-implicated directly or indirectly in his escape from custody should be even more alert than the government itself in putting him oncé more in charge to serve out his term if he should turn up in this.country. i Weighing the Sword. If France goes to the threatened length of seizure of the Ruhr in an «ffort to collect reparations from Ger- many the moment her troops begin to move will be one of the most serious {in the world's history. It will estab- Hsh a precedent and set fn motion a chain of circumstances which may bring_to mankind miseries so great that the afflictions of today will be looked back upon as biessings. Civili- zation stands aghast at the prospect which is unfolded. More than two thousand vears ago the Gauls sacked Rome and only a ransom in gold saved the citizens from butchery. As the. gold was being weighed the Romans complained that unfairness of the counterpoise made their burden heavier than had been agreed upon. Whereupon Brennus, {the leader of the Gauls, threw. his | sword into the scales along with the unfair counterpoise, exclaiming as he | dtd vae victis” (“Woe to the | vanquished™).. g | That happened long before Clmrist | came on earth to teach men charity, but it is never recalled except in re- proach, and because the Romans were a ruthless race has never excused the ruthlessness of the Gauls. It has been difficult to believe that now, with more than twenty additional centuries of civilization to the credit of mankind, France would throw her sword into the scales in which reparations were being weighed. Poincare surely can- not wish that history should couple ihis name with that of Brennus. If France is resolved upon this course, she must go alone and without sym- rathy or moral support from the na- tions which fought by her side when | liberty was at stake. Nor will those nations at some future day feel to- ward & France in peril as they felt when the German hordes swept down upon her, France professes to fear a war of revenge by the Germans, and yet per- sts in planting the seeds for such a war. Brennus may have thought he had so burdened Rome as to makse his | borders safe, but the time came when the Romans marched into Gaul and exacted a terrible retribution. Two thousand years is a long span, but not {long enough to give assurance that { history will not repeat itself. . The one thing France cannot afford to do is {to turn ‘the world's sympathy from { herself to Germany and make the { world forget German sins. Yet the one thing which would do that would be to use the sword to collect a debt }in excess of what the world believes it | is possible Germany can pay. i Januaery 4—March 4. Two months from today the session and the Sixty-seventh Congress come to an end. Whether the tables can be cleared is & question. They ought to be. Every consideration of good business and good politics calls for the dispos- | ing of all matters on the card. | Difficulties, however, may arise. In- | deed, they are threatened. Debate on | more than one measure may be spun The maneuver may not go under the rame of filibuster, but the design and the effect will be the same, The machinery of Congress is nice- Iy adjusted. It can be made both to | facilitate and to retard action.. When in competent hands and the stakes Ligh, it affords an observer real en- tertainment. Tt is in competent hands and the stakes are high today. Parliamenta- rians of skill and experience are in evidence on both sides. The stakes range all the way from the measures in controversy themselves to advan-! paign. The majority is responsible for busi- ness. If it stands together and -em- ploys the agencies at its disposal-it can do business. If it falls apart— becomes the prey of factionism—it not only cannot do business, but by neg- lecting’ business will snarl things up for the next Congress, whose work will be most important, and should not be handicapped by untoward in- heritances of any sort. ————— The modern conference is conducted on the “To be continued” plan of the old’ serial story. \ Germany, once the most aggressive of nations, has become the most pas- sive. The Unreal Washingtonian. There are many Americans in the provinces who have strange and somewhat incorrect ideas about the ‘Washingtonian. Many think that every Washingtonian lives and moves in that pecullar sphere called “high society.” He, the Washingtonian, eats many dinners in the middlé of the day at the embassies and drinks cham- pagne and smdkes costly cigars with the ambassadors. It must be-so, be- cause are not the Washingtonians and the ambassadors: neighbors? One of the principal occupations of the ‘Washingtonian is welcoming and hob- nobbing with ‘princes, premiers and even kings and queens who come a-visiting to Washington. Generally, the Washingtonian spends his afternoon in the galiéries of Con- gress, ‘or - perhaps lounges on ‘the benches 1a the chambers listenlng to out with a view of defeating action. | tages in next year’s presidential mm-l the debates. If he spends his after- noon in the Senate gallery he must, of course, lean over the balcony now and then and swap jokes with Sena- tor Lodge and the other notables. After the Washingtonian has spent the afternoon in this agreeable way he walks up to the White House and takes supper with the President, How could it be otherwise? Warren is one of the folks, and the Washingtonian and the President are neighbors. Per- haps after Supper, if there are no am- bassadorial or high society high jinks to be attended to, the President goes over to the home of: the Washing- tonian and the two, and their families, engage in a game of casino, euchre or seven-up. 3 The Washingtonian- is always on familiar terms with “our congress- man,” d@nd the two, must get on fa- mously together, because ‘“‘our Con- gressman Jim"” is such a sociable fel- low! ‘The Washingtonian ought never to be in need of cash. Does he not live next door to the Treasury, or on the same street, or certainly not far away, and surely money must be plentiful in such a place as that! Judges and Their Pay. Some of Gov. Milier's friends desired to present his name for the vacancy on the Supreme bench. occasioned by the resignation of Mr. Justice Pitney. But he objected. He is a man of fam- ily, and feels he must make the praper provision for the members. So he will return to the practice of the law. The rewards at the bar now for men of his quality are considerable. The piace was offered to Secretary Fall, but was declined. His large pri- vate interests are pressing. or more years in political office, giving his whole time to his official duties— the proper thing for an official to do—he feels obliged to turn to the af- fairs of number one. These are times reed close attention. Neither of these men, we may all | be sure, is without appreciation of the highest court in the country, or of the honor of membership. Both are lawyers ofghigh grade, and have had jmarked success in practice. As both | are returning to practice, both are in- | terested. in the upkeep, so to say, of | the judiclary—in seeing excellent men | appointed or elected to judicial places. it is a good time to repeat what has often been said, that our judges, state and national, are underpgid, and that salaries all along the line should be adequate for the duties performed, and for providing a stronger lure to that most important branch of the public service. Surely if it is true in any case that the laborer is worthy | of his hire, it is true in the cases of {1aborers in the judiclal fields. ‘Woman's determination is evidenced hy the fact that When she shoots a | busband or a stranger she does not { put up the plea that she did not know | the gun was loaded. The eminent educator who says any- | body can get anything by persistent | request may be trying to encourage Col. Bryan to seek another presiden- tial nomination. A few golf players may calmly {assert that they are getting better { 50 mild a psychologica!l formula. Interesting historic disclosures are expected from the tomb near Luxor. 1t frequently takes centuries to com- plete an investigation. | ‘When Sarah Bernhardt feels ill she lies down in the burial casket she always keeps at hand and promptly | decides it & a misfit. There used to be a well founded prejudice against soft coal, but, owing ilies are now_using it. Lenin’s announcement a while ago that soviet Russia would do without money inspired one of the most in- effectual boycotts ever attempted, Paper marks continue to have just enough value to keep them out of the waste basket.’ About all the Turk contributes to a conference is his willingness to be {a good listener. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Benefaction. Old Kris Kringle will appear Just ope day in all the year. People honor him with glee. He's a saint, we all agree, Father's working every day, Always bringing home his pay. But we ‘?m\‘t turn out to cheer Good o dad—and that-seems queer. Maybe we have too much care For the myth whose gifts are rare, And too little thought extend To the patient, faithtul friend. Artistic Contrast. “People say that you are on the wrong side of this question.” “Maybe,” replied Senator Sorghum. “But don’t let it worry you. 'By seeming to be on the wrong side for a little while I'll attract all the more attention when 1 change my mind.” Jud Tunkins says he's an optimist, but a lot of things are happening that prevent him from being bigoted on the subject. i1 - Similarity. ‘We paused the New Year to acclaim— But ip a day or two It really looked about the same As Nineteen Twenty-Two, An Ocfupation Gone, . “Does your boy Josir do much work around the ‘place?” “No,” replied Farmer Corntossel; “‘not sinee they found a way to equip the little old flivver with a self- starter. “In studyin’ dé problems of pros- perity,” said Uncle Eben, “what some of us mistakes foh de high of livin’ is simply de inability to pick After ten | when private as well as public llfah"sl every day, but not many depend on | to conditions, some of the best fam- | THE WAYS OF WASHINGTON BY WILLIAM PICKETT HELM. - Did you receive a parcel post pack- age last Christmas? If 0, it was one of gbout half a billion handled by the Post Office De- partment. i Or, perbaps, you recall the Chriat. mas and New Year cards that the postman left. They were part of about two billion pieces of matter that went through the mails during December, It was the biggest December the department ever had. - The increase over December, 1921, is estimated roughly at from 25 to 40 per cent. The things shipped through the mails varled from llye alligators.to dead human beings—the latter incinerated. Speaking of alligators, the depart- ment has placed recently a limit on the sige of the alligator which can travel via parcel post. It your ‘zator is minetesn inches long, it's mailable. If it's twenty-one inches long. it will have to walk or use sorfie.other method than parcel post of getting there. The limit is twenty inches. The idea in this is that a postal clerk can defend himself against a twenty-inch alligator and that a twenty-one-inch or longer alligator 1s too husky a customer to transport. And speaking of the ashes of hu- man beings being shinped through the malls reminds me of & story. Some time aco a woman in Cali- fornia decided to ship east the re- mams of her husband. The body was inclncrated and the ashes, as cus- tomary. were placed in an urn. “I want to insure this package for $10.000." she told the clerk at the window. “It contains the ashes of my husband and, of course, is very dear:to me.” : “But, madam,” explained the clark “we can't insure a package like that offhand. for &0 much reonev. Il have to take it wn with Washineton." The California post office reported to Washington. In due time the story reached the press service of the denartment. Perhaps it should be explained here that the press service is a branch of the department which tells the public, through the newspapers, of v!ht serv- ice. gcone and purpoces of ‘the Post Ofca Denpartment. It keeps the pub- lte informed. and in a very efficient and entertai & manner, of things postal. Well. when the story reached the Dress service a statement was pre- pared. a short item. intended for dis- tribution to the newspapers It was went out by mail and messenger. in ordinarv routine, to the correspond- ents and newspapers. Dr. Work, the Postmaster General. returned to Washington trom a trip the afternoon the story went out. He spoetted it a short time afterward. “It's a good story.” he sald, “a very ®ood story, but T don’t think it ought to go out. Tt would make that poor woman in California feel very dis- tressed.” “But it has already gone out” an assistant ventured. “Then we'll have to call it back. Where's McNeely?" McNeely, head of the press service, was summoned. The Postmaster Gen- eral asked him to try to get the story back. ¥ And for the rest of thie afternoon McNeely and staff sat at the tele- phone calling up correspondents to “kill” the story and a flock of mes- sengers went all over the city gath- ering up the copies distributed. The story was “killed,” except for local publication, where it was already in the newspapers. It you think that the Post Office Department fs permitting the .ship- ment of bulkier things than ever through the mails, you're wrong. The limit was established nearly a century ago when the malls were carried By stage. It was in the time of Andrew Jackson. Maj. Barry had been appointed Postmaster General and invited to sit in the cabinet—the first time the Post Office Department had been thus represented. “Land Admiral” Reeside, red-head- ed, red-faced and side-whiskered, had the contract for carrying the mails between Washington and Pittsburgh. He used to strive to please, especially the members of Congress. One day he was approached by a certain influ- ential senator. “Admiral,” said the senator, “I have ya very fine horse at Pittsburgh. 1 want to get the animal to Washing- ton. How can T do it best?" | ““Frank the beast,” Reeside sug- I gested. 17 “A capital idea,” agreed the sena- {tor. “I'll do it this day.” The senator prepared a “frank” by writing his name on a bit of card- {board. This he gave to Reeside, who, |un the next trip to Pittsburgh, fast- lened it to the horse's halter. Reeside then hitched the horse to ithe mail stage, and the animal, by | easy stages, trotted all the way. un- laer government frank, from Pitts- {burgh to Washington. i Coming back to the Christmas mail of 19 we are advised by the postal {authorities that John Smith's old mother received John's Christmas card. John Smith—no, it isn't his real name—mailed the card at Buffalo. | He forgot to put a stamp on it before | dropping 1t ip the chute, but, through {unusual foresizht, placed his name |and address under the Christmas | gresting. | The postmaster at Buffalo held the lcard and wrote John at the address {given. telllng him to forward one !cent for postage. Meantime, how- |ever, John had gonme to Rochester. The postmaster's letter was forward- «d, reaching him four days before Christmas. | “on the afternoon of December 21 | the postmaster heard from John. [ He telegraphed one cent for post- |age. EDITORIAL DIGEST Controversy = Over Tax-Exempt Bond Legislation Increasing. The discussion of President Hard- ing’s plan to bring the tax-exempt {securities of the states and municl- palities into the open where they | would be subject to taxation levies has split editorial opinfon wide open. Party lines are badly shattered and writers of all politica faiths are lined up on both sides of the ques- tlon. Tt is accepted, even by those who enthusiastically favor the plan, that the possibility of securing the votes necessary to enact a constitu- tional amendment is most remote, but some of them at least belleve that none is needed and that a liberal construction of existing law would throw much capital. now hidden, back Into the channels of commerce. Recalling that as Governor of New ties, the New York World (demo- cratic) argues that “it is no partisan for the actual leadership of the op- posing forces is all republican and all part of the administration. The republicans in the House who sup- port the amendment are following the President. The republicans, and the southern democrats, who oppose the amendment are following the Secretary of State. It is from him that they draw their inspiration, and if Mr. Harding is beaten on his per- sonally conducted amendment to the Constitution he will have been beaten by Charles E. Hughes, his Secretary of State” It is the opinion of the New York Times (independent demo- i cratic) that “the true way in which | to check the swelling volume of state and city loans free from taxation is not by means of an impracticable constitutional amendment, but by re- | ducing federal taxes to the point where investors will. prefer to pay them rather than go to the trouble of legal- 1y evading them.” Putting the Hard- ing plan into effect would not accom- plish a “noticeable revolution,” the Baltimore News (independent) holds, but “would make matters much more Jogical. But whether it would actual- Iy be an improvement over present coditions or not is another question and one that is at leastarguable.” The reciprocity feature of the proposal is of doubtful value, the Providence Journal (republican) holds, inasmuch as proposed amendment to the Constitution which would not alone subject state issues to federal tax: tion but, should they seek compens: tion, require that states first put a new burden on their own people, does not at a_glance seem particularly at- ‘always one great fund: mental principle to be remembered in laying taxes” the New Haven Jour- nal-Courier (independent) points out “and that is that ‘the power to tax is the power to destroy.’ The queStion today is whether the exercise of th taxing power is not rapidly approack - ing the condition where destructi.a is threatened to human enterprise and human initiative.” It Is the men large incomes” who have Invested in tax-exempt bonds, the Albany Knick- erbocker Press (independent republi- an) polnts out, and “so far as pos- tble surplus money has been put into x-tree securitles, with the addition- ally evil result that legitimate and productive business enterprises have in many cuses been unable. to obtain the capital essential for their devel- opment and many plans for inves ment or expansion have been dropped. Moreover, while the wealthy are thus paying less, the number of small in- comes which are taxed has steadily increased. Opposition to the amend- ment has been based upon the charge that it would impair the credit of the states and make it difficult for them o sell their securities. If. however, no tax-free securities remained, it Would seem that there would. be no diserimination. And in ‘view of the Qificulty of obtaining the two-thirds vote requivred for a constitutional amendment, there is to be considered the possibility that an amendment ls wot required.” Because of the oppo: tion in banking circles, the New York Globe (independent) believes the Islation. may be defeated, but it Insi York, Secretary of State Hughes op- | posed abolishing tax-exempt securi- | contest that is going on in Congress, | that “national, social and financial considerations alike unite in showing the accumulating dangers of the pres- jent condition. Tt should not be al- lowed to drift.” Appfoving the principle. the New Orleans Times-Plcayune (democratic) insists “sooner or later the change | must. and, therefore, will, be mad Industry will have to escape the chil ing grasp of this sort of tax-exempt mortmain that would lock up capital ings. The matter is far too serious to be made a pawn in the political game. Both parties are pledged to it 50 why this unseemly opposition?" In the opinion of the Mobile Register (democratic), however, the.whole sub- | Ject “is a maiter of applied economics. The uninstructed citizen would be glad to have a trustworthy thrown upon it.” Inasmuch as the | federal debt decreases while the state | debts increase, the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin (Independent repub- lican) argues that “the amount of | tax-dodging wealth in the country | increases. It it is a part of the pur- | pose of the republican objectors to this amendment to challenge the lead- |ership of President Harding, they have chosen an unfortunate position in which to justify their revolt in the {minds of the mass of republican vote Tt is also the view of the Wilkes-Barre Record (republican) that under the present system the “federal government is loxing tens of millions of dollars in taxes. The na- tion's prosperity s hindered. The practice is nothing less than rank discrimination.” But the real ob- stacle to the plan, in the opinion of the Manchester Union (independent), “is the necessity of obtaining the con- sent of two-thirds of the Congress before the question can be submitted to the states. The Modern Sea Outlaw. The modern counterpart of the out- law craft of days agone is the rum runners.. laden with cargoes more precious than the gold of the Spanish main, which ply their ‘covert courses from’ the Bahamas to the American coast. Hunted by revenue cutters and the chasers of the “dry navy,” these corsairs have a lively time. It is no wonder that some of them have mutinied either in an effort to seize the priceless stuff they carry or be- cause the vigilance of the guard ships at the three-mile limit has pre- vented them from &u(rw food and water trom the vessefs to which they are accustomed to transfer thelr car- goes. |, Romance of a sort is always to be found at sea. The latest chapter is the wholesale mutinies reported to have occurred off New York harbor, resulting in the killing of thirty men, the sensational escape of the masters of two of the rum runners and the throwing overboard of millions of dollars’ worth of contraband liquor, Of the three episodes, the last will, we fear, excite the greatest degree of regret. When the strong arm of the law seizes the product of the jllicit still and pours it into the sewer the affifoted know that it Is prétty poor stuff, anyway, and would probably poison those who drink it; but when mutineers on the rum runners pour good Scotch and seasoned rye Into the Atlantic ocean, that is 'a case for sorrow, poignant, unassuaged and deep, sure enough. Surely mutineers should be hanged at the yardarm. Surely, oh, surely!— Portsmouth Star. Civilize and_civil lies are part of the product.—Greenville Pledmont. Bdison could make a big hit with the girls by inventing a hair un- bobber.—Nashville Tennesseean. The farmers might as well lock up and move to the city; the House failed to vote an_appropriation for free seed.— Little Rock (Ark.) Demo- crat. You never can tell. _A man may have his ups and downs, and stiil be on the level.—Springfield (Iil.) State Journal. ° Income tax blanks are one of the things that may confidently be ex- pected early in the new year.—Can- ton News. “Jackie Coogan, ja ‘Trouybl says an advertisement. Jackie is geiting to be a lar movie aoctor. —Little Rock ( ) Gagette: S S -l jewelry of high and low estate, sil- { What has been accomplished along | in_non-productive public undertak- | light | The North Window BY LEILA MECHLIN. There has been much discu during the past week of the project to erect a $30,000,000 Arts and In- dustries building here in Washing- ton, provided Congress will grant a site. What does it mean? What will it be? Many have asked and are asking. Primarily it would seem to be an effort, whether it succeeds or not, to establish the art Industries of the United States on a surer feet- ing and to give the people of the country, through the medium of ocular demonstration, a knowledge of what is really being done and how it is being done in American fac- tories, for this Arts and Industries building is to be a permanent exhi- bitlon hall, similar, perhaps, in a measure tar the Crystal Palace of London and the old Crystal Palace of New York, but exclusively devoted to the ndusiries in which design is a large factor. The project is fathered by the Asso- clation of Arts and Industries, which, if we mistake not, has its headquar- ters in Chicago, a'comparatively new organization, whose effort has been to bring intc line all types of activity and thought in that big midwestern city which have any bearing on de. sign in industry or have any sym pathy with the fine arts. Its d rectors include artists and manufac- turers, and locally it is striving at the present time to secure a large fund for the establishment in Chi- cago of an up-to-date school of {ndus- trial-art, a school in which pottery making, weaving, metal and glass work, printing, “interfor decoration, costume designing, etc, will be taught. Among the subscribers to the fund are some of the leading manufacturers not only of the middle west, but of the country. * X ¥ % There are comparatively few schools of industrial art in the United States. There is one in Philadelphia, an- other in Providence. R. I In Altred, N. Y. there is an excellent school of pottery making. Pratt In- stitute, Brooklyn, and Teachers' Col- Jege, New York, give special courses. Newcomb College, New Orleans, ranks high for the instruction it gives in pottery making and needlework. New TYork city conducts a night school of industrial art, but the United States is far behind foreign nations in recognizing the value of trained workers in the department of design. The fact is that it is comparatively lately that the importance of design in manufacture has been recognjzed in this country, for until the war came it was easy to import what in r‘nunuflcturins: circles is known as “high-class goods” and to borrow from 8ther nations design and some- times designers. € Charles R. Richards of Cooper Union has lately published in the form of a report the result of an in- dustrial art survey made during the past two years with the assistance of numerous experts and under the auspices of the National Society of | Vocational Education and the depart- ment of education of the state of New York, which discloses the present situatlon and contains information | concerning the art industries of the ) United States which is highly enter- taining as well as little known. Better than almost anything else this book reveals the large part that art has in national industrial prosperity. Cos. tume making. the production of tex- tiles woven and printed, silks, cali- coes, carpets, rugs. laces, curtains, verware, furniture, wall paper, light- ing fixtures. ceramics, glassware, printing, to be successful are all de- pendent’ upon the merit of design. Thus art in industry becomes not only a part of the life of the people, but a larger element in prosperity. The United States cannot compete, de- spite high tariff, with the nations of Europe unless it can turn out product of an equally artistic character. ! these lines since the war is indeed surprising and known to but com- paratively few. i Mr. Richards in his report tells ap- proximately the amount that a good designer in the different industries can command, and it is not small. For example, in costume designing, the salaries range from $35 per week to beginners to $10.000 and even $20.000 per vear for experienced designers. | For textile designers the salaries range from $1,500 to $5,000 a year: for Jewelry designers from $30 a week to $5,000 and $10,000 a year. The design- ers of furniture seem not so well re. munerated, their salaries ranging from $3,500 to $5.000, free lance de- signers.” $10 to $100 a design. But even this is not meager. Wall paper is about on the same basis. Like the professions, in these in- dustrial art positions there seems to be invariably plenty of room at the top and more need for those specially | gifted and well trained than for those of mediocre talent. A large majority of those now employed as designers have got their training in the design departments of the factorles for | which they work, while a fair per- centage have been trained abroad. In his conclusion Mr. Rlichards states that the need of today is not so much for more schools, but for better schools. “It is evident,” hel says, “that upon the quality and num ber of such persons (of special talent | and _intelligence) to enter the flel of industrial design that our civili zation can develop and support de. pend the future of American indus- trial art.” An important element in the development of designers he de clares to be not merely high re muneration, but a better status on the platform of art, and he urges, recognition for the designer as an artist on the same footing as thet painter of pictures and the maker of sculpture. ! % ; The trend of thought has for some | time beep in this direction. There is | in New York an interesting organiza- tion known as the Art in Trades Club, the membership of which is composed of workers in the trades which are dependent for their success on art, such as furniture makers, textile manufacturers, wall paper designers, and also salesmen, for the salesman serves as the link between the manufacturer and the consumer, and has much to do with the develop- ment of taste. ‘Whistler once said that “art hap- pens,” and to a majority of persons | things which are manufactured are accepted on this same basis with lit- tle thought of how much thought has been required, and also, ofttimes, how much training and ability on the part of the manufacturer to bring them into existence. Few pause to consider that the difference between a kitchen chair and a Chippendale chair is a matter of art, that it is the art which has entered into the making which causes a vase to be valued at many dollars whereas a mower pot made out of the same clay can be purchased for a few cents. It 1. because of the art in design which has entered into the making of French china 'and eilks and laces, and, above all, French costumes, that has made the very worl French in connectlon with manufactures bewitching. France in the time of Colbert, real- izing that other countries were out- stripping her in the making of lace, tapestries and other articles of beauty and utility, inviied forelgn workers to establich workshops under gov- ernmental patronage and to train French designers. Industrial art has been taught in the schools of France ever since, In the Louvre today is one of the finest museums of indus- trial art in the world, CAPITAL KEYNOTES BY PAUL V. COLLINS. Senator Capper and Senator-elect Ehipstead join, in behalf of the radi- cal farm bloc interests, in demanding that freight rates must come down for the benefit of farming. Senator Shipstead made certain startling statements in a speech before the City Club recently, which have brought direct contradictions of facts from Samuel M. Felton, president of the Chicago Great Western rail- road. Senator Shipstead argued that rates ought to come down, because, he sald, a “freignt train now carries twenty times as much freight as it did twenty years ago, and the same crew handles it, yet rates are higher and then men do not get enough wages to keep them from striking.” President Felton retorts that the average train does not carry more than twice as much as it did twenty years ago and that wages have so Increased that, instead of a cost of 415 cents, it 15 now .902 cents per ton-mile. ' Freights have risen 47 per cent in twenty years because of the Increased cost of handling, mainly due to higher wages. e Without undertaking to decide as to the wide divergence of facts in the Shipstead and the Feiton state- ments—though it seems lkely that the railroad president knows more about railroad statistics than does the St. Paul dentist—it is urged by friends of agriculture that there may be possibilities of freight reduction for farmers even without demoraliz- Ing freight rates of the railroads. The whole subject is too complicated and multifarious for any one to dis- cuss it offhand or to speak oracu- larly. It is suggested that the farm- ers have, to a large degree, theirown slipshod _methods of marketing to blame, when they ship so many car- loads of sand and gravel and weed seeds and low-grade grain mixed with their wheat. They pay Wheat rates on the sand and trash that comes out of their net profits. A grain cleaner lowers freight rates, It is not merely the freight on the trash, but the depreciation of the &rade of grain which is costly. And the same principle applies equally to other farm shipments. Potatoes un- sorted may have 20 per cent small potatoes mixed with first grade, and s0 increase the freight rate 20 per cent or more, for after the culls are sorted and discarded the cholce po- tatoes alone are worth more th: the whole lot was before sorting. * X ¥ X It is much easier to demand of others a saving which would be at their expense while ignoring the pos- sibilities all about us to make the saving at no expense to any party, but with a positive economy. It is quite likely that greater economies may be introduced into freight han- dling. but not necessarily through re- ducing the cost per ton-mile with the present style of equipment and methods of loading, and certain it is that the mere demand that “rates must be lowered to enable farmers to live” is not scientific in proving that rates can be lowersd without lowering wages, unless more detailed facts are found on which to base the claim. Competition of motor trucks and of water routes will do far more toward compelling raflroads to find porsibilities of meeting that compe- tition than will any oratory aimed to impress constituents. Farm _ co- operation will do more toward farm profits than anything else. s Exe The public has -suffered severely during the last year because of the inadequate freight service, for thou- sands of carloads of fruit and other perishable freight have been wasted and never brought to market through car shortage. It is claimed by the Shipping Board that steps are being taken to provide ships equipped to carry such cargoes hereafter, and thera is a bill pending now in Con- gress. introduced by Senator Hiram Johnson of California, to prohibit Stockholders' dividends on the stock of any railroad until the road has a certificate from the Interstate Com- merce Commission showing that it is adequately equipped with rollng stock to meet the market needs. T These are steps toward correcting a lack of service which will be at least as important to farmers and the country as reduction of rates until it be shown that rates can be adjusted without disturbing wages or othe conditions basic to their amount. The to haul the 10,000 | | | jout of the mud ars of fruit from the northwest was 8 great a loss to the rallroad com- panies, probably, as a considerabie reduction in rates would have been, hence the farmers are not the only class that have their troubles. The general public s the greatest loser. Behold the market price on fruit to- day, and consider what the arrival of 10,000 additional carloads of fruit upon the eastern market would have forced upon the prices to consumer: * ¥ ok % The maternity act has been ap- proved by forty-twa out of the forty- eight states, and, while Porto Rico and Hawall are not included .n the terms of the act, they have asked to be included. The act provides for systematic state care of mothers and their Infants in case of need, and the states are to receive as federal aid $5,000 a year, plus a certain increase based on population, if the methods used are such as are approved by federal commission. The newborn babe 18 to have a better chance to get started than the child of work age has yet acquired in protection from hard taskmasters. * ok % Washington must be increasing in population, for it had 3,000 more births than deaths last year, and ap- parently nobody moved out of town. The housing shortage appears to be as keen as ever, except In the height of war congestion. * ¥ X ¥ When the committee of Congress returned from a tour of street in- spection, in which- they had broken all speed limits (for their guides wanted to demonstrate the “rocky road to Dublin”), it was found that several of the committee had had their teeth jarred so loose that they refused to comment. It was reported, through an interpreter, that they were satisfled that the half had not been told, znd that the appropriation which wiil be made will be sufficient to pave the streets after the style not usually promised before the m¥- lennium—for a place greater than hington. The fira department was called out recently to extricate a horse from a hole in a street, and at one point a citizen appealed for life-savers to haul drowning children Freezing weather helps some—especially in the case of a rapid inspection by Congress. % w Washington has a Portia in the person of Judge Kathryn Sellers of the Juvenile Police Court. She has seen and heard enough of domestic discord to believe that there are Lwo sides to many cases where the hus- bands are accused of non-support by wives, who, perhaps, are more blame- worthy than the husbands. Her honor, therefore, suggests that the jurisdiction of her court be expanded 80 as to permit her to handle divorce and all sorts of domestic infelicity cases, including the designation of the disposition of dependent children of the divorced couples. Her pro- posed domestic court would be able to give to the cases of the poor the same treatmant in equity that can now be given only to well-to-do plaintiffs who are able to finance civil suits. Tt appears to_humane interests that the proposal of Judge Sellers is worthy of praise. 1t will put upon her a greater responsibility than she mow carries, giving her greater burdens of work, but that is due only to her willingness to be of service to the poor, to whom full justice or right guidance is now denied. With the instinct and sympathy of a woman Judge Sellers can penetrate beneath the “evidence” produced in court and in many cases demonstrate that part of the man's fallures to support his family is due to mixmanagement by the wife, and. through friendly coun- gel, this can be corrected and & family circle saved. The welfare of the chil- dren enters largely into such cases *Rx & Here ie one New Year resolution which will mark 1923 with a radical difference from previous years in the administration of justice. Hereto- fore, when a violator of traffic laws saw fit to forfeit his collateral se- curity for his release from jail pend- ing arraignment. that ended the casc In the future the bail will be for- feited in such circumstances, but then an attachment will issue from the bench, the delinquent will be brought into court and probably receive it | heavier sentence than if he had ap- peared without being haled into urt. Heavier sentences against ¢iliful violators will be the rule. Smallness of Fees in Kansas Gave D. of C. a Leading Citizen: N embryo lawyer was reading —reading law as it chanced— one hot and dusty afternoon |In in the office of his employer out in the town of Hutchinson, Kan., back in 1896. The fine dust was drift- ing in the window in such quantities and so fast that he could write his name with that collected the printed page. While he was struggling with a passage In the law book, a stranger entered the office. The mnewcomer was slightly tar- nished, so to speak, he looked even as though he might have had Edward F. Colladay. several drinks of lquor—aithough Kansas was supposed | to be a Sahara even in those days. “What, young man,” de nded the stranger, “are you doing’ ‘The embryo lawyer made the rather obvious reply that he was reading law. Don't do it; don’t do it,” said the stranger. “If you must study a pro- tession, take to medicine. There is nothing in the law. I have tried it. I have practiced all the way from here to the Pacific coast, and I tell you there is no money in it.” But the embryo lawyer, who in real Mfe was Edward F. Colladay, today a leading. member of the District of Columbia bar and president of the Washington Board of Trade, not to mention republican national commit- teeman for the District, replied that he knew all about being & country doctor, for his father was one, and he had seen him come in night ‘after night at all_hours, with beard and mustache stiff with frozen snow, after traveling miles and miles through the cold on horseback or in his buggy. He knew, he said, that he was not going to be ‘a country doctor. So the stranger took another tack. If he must be & lawyer, then go east, not west; go to one of the big cities where there was law business to be ned. Rural communitles, the stranger argued, were all right for farmers, but all' wrong for lawyers. What the stranger said bore fruit in the mind of young Colladay. He had been observing for himseif, He had entered the law office of the leading lawyer in Hutchinson, then 2 ~ his| finger in the dust | on | | straggling town of a few thou souls. He had begun to study law |and stenography at the same tim | | | | i | laday | Colladay. two months he had mastered shorthand and was handling all the correspondence of the office, He con- inued to drive away at the law and in a couple of years' time he was admitted to the bar, having been examined orally by a committee of lawyers and the district judge. He was not yet twenty-one years old. He had taken testimony and had helped to prosecute violations of the law in Hutchinson even before he was admitted to the bar, picking up small fees for this outside work, and all the time he was working in his employer’'s office also. ~ Qne day a farmer came into the office and asked him how much it would cost to draw up a deed. Col- told him it would be a dollar. Whereupon, the farmer jumped up and said that John Jomes, down the street, would do it for a quarter and throw in the notary fee to boot. This clinched the matter for youns He was going east. Fur- thermore, he had reached the conclu- slon that he must know more about the law; that he would go to a law school while at the same time he found work in some lawyer's office. An examination of the various la schools in the east and the costs ac- companying them put Harvard and Columbia in New York out of question. 1t cost $8 a week for board in Boston and New York and out in Kansas you could live well at $3 a week. The catalogue of the old Co- lumbian Law School, now George Washington, appealed to Colladas however. - Among its faculty were the late Justice Brewer and the late Justice Harlan of the United States Supreme Court and other men of prominence, So to the National Capi- tal, it was decided, Colladay would go. Instead of going west to make his fortune, this resident of Kansas (he was born In Virginia, T, where Abraham Lincoln once saved a man accused of murder by springing on the jury the almanac to prove a witness could not have seen the murder by the light of the moon, for there was no moon) went east. 'He entered the Columbian Law School and found work in & law office, t: His first fee, to him in those days a big one, came from digesting some books for E. C. Brandenburg to be used in con- nection with “Brandenburg on Bank- ruptey”—a fée of $7 Another plece of advice which was glven Mr. Colladay during his Kansas days came from his old employer. 0 not,” he said, “hold public office, but stick to your profession. Go into politics; be ‘interested 'in’your gov- ernment and take & hand in it, but let the other men take the offices until you have accumulated an independent competence.” Mr. Coliaday has never yet held office, though he has been interested in and taken considerable part im party politics.