Evening Star Newspaper, December 17, 1922, Page 49

EDITORIAL SECTION The Sty Stat. WASHINGTON, D. C., SUNDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 17, 1922. Foreign and Domestic Questions Compete For Center of the Stage in Washington of the Federal Reserve Board, and Eugene Meyer, jr., managing director of the War Fi- nance Corporation, gave assurance of the sympathy of these two financial agencies of the government with the farmer and with the extension of credits to him in the present EDITORIAL PAGE NATIONAL PROBLEMS SPECIAL ARTICLES Part 2—16 Pages ~ HOLDS FRANCE’S SAFETY BIG WORLD NEED TODAY Nould Have United States Join in Guaranties, Without Pledge of Armed Force. FIGURING ON POSSIBILITY OF A DEADLOCK IN 1924 Party Leaders See Chance That Even in ; the House a President Could Not Be Elected. BY N. 0. MESSENGER. RESIDENT HARDING'S course in the undertaking of applying the good of- fices of the government, the people and the resources of the United States to Coincident with the formulation of a cautious, practicable policy for dealing with the European situation by the government, there is evidence of a revival of effort to com- mit the United States to the rejected league of nations program. policy that does not threaten the BY WILL P. KENNEDY. it will not be before February, 19 FEditor's note: Mr. Filene is a Roston ‘business man with a national acquaintance and reputation, and was ene of the founders of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States. has been an ex- tensive traveler in Europe and, being a close and Inteiligent observer,” his con- peace of the world. Sixteen Polnts on World Stabilisation. As I came through Paris at the end the economic relief of Germany, and to avert- ing a possible political crisis in Europe which might follow the collapse of Germany, may be described as that of a man pro- ceeding toward a comrmendable objective Former Associate Justice Clarke of the United States Supreme Court, who resigned from the bench to further the movement in which he is now engaged, will be the state of affairs. Senator Capper of Kansas brought promising reports of credit legis- lation soon to be enacted. * %k ¥ X HE chance that the next Con- gress may have to decide the question of who shall be President, with the possibility and in the meantime 1nuch may pen, or be made to happen. The new Congress coming in Mar. 4, 1923, as the record now shows, w hap- clusions are worthy of more than ordinary of September the edit: £ the dail attention. S or of e daily . . . . . a: 3 H 1 ¥ O athel e o et with caution, caution and yet more caution. head of an organization seeking to bring The Senate committee on banking and that the House may be deadlocked [have twenty-three states casting a of the European situation, as I saw His progress is hampered to a degree by the United States into the league of nations. currency is working hard on a farm credit and that the man whom the Senate |Tépublican vote and twenty states may elect to be Vice President may | casting a democratic vote. This in BY EDWARD A. FILENE. it, and, in response, I gave him an the attitude of France in the matter of Associated with him will be men and women bill, seeking to compose the widely varying is automatically become President, cludes New York as a democratic vot« HERE will be no surety of interview, : Ry S ] 5 e \ ; = steady work. mo surety of | tervie. Which ::';;of:‘"::d with| German reparations in insisting upon dc- hitherto identified with the support of the differences of opinion as to what such @ | O oneidered by molitical leaders, | because there are twenty-three de steady profits. no surety ofj i, ioment that, according to their mands which Germany says are beyond her league. They include Samuel Gompers, law shouldiprovide fiftic Seuste commities not only in Washington, but also in | °CTatic representatives and twenty Rabbi Wise of New York, William Allen on agriculture reported Senator Norris’ bill 01 0pic siates. g Sy SIS e steady good business in Amer- fca until France is given guaranties official commission of finance, the French budget for the present year economic and financial ability to meet. a measure also he is lacking in complete In White of Kansas, Oscar S. Straus, Jane to provide a $100,000,000 government corpora- tion to finance the sale of agricultural prod- Reapportionment of representation in the House enters as an important litical sharps figure that there is a chance to change New York over from against possible attack by Germany. Z 5 : 2 T’}“is ot “’hz P ciuston which inten. | Tould have a deficit of 18,000,000,000 information of the amount that Germany Addams of Chicago, Mrs. Carrie Chapman e o r AT gt bl sive study of the European situation :’:::I‘cs\;'ns-r:ec:::lg:rl;:: s‘;‘“'e"‘: ":“:; can pay in reparations. Catt, Charles Dana Gibson, Bishop Lloyd of ucts. ""“"'“"“" these considerations, and | © =T Asptodiodt e ";’:;:m‘m_ the Episcopal Church,and President Emeritus The principal object of the bill is to en- | %0 action on any respportioRWentinciige one < through the has forced upon me. I shall attempt to marshal facts which I believe will show both thc necessity and possi- billty of obtaining these guaranties, and that through our country we can. without pledging ourselves to send a single soldier overseas, secure the necessary pledges Jf help to France in case of attack, which will, In turn, open the only immediately prattical road to prosperity and peace for the world. For a time after the armistice the supplying of the imperative needs of follow 1. France must'obtain a large loan. 2. Germany must obtain a large loan, 3. France will not get a loan un- less Germany gets one at the same time. 4. France can obtain money only from bankers and private subscribers and these will not lend unless the in- vestment is safe. 5. No loan can be considered safe unless France obtains from Germany reparations sufficlent to enable her Germany through an * ¥ X ¥ In the extension of financial relief to international plans are under survey. The best assurance obtainable from the highest source of official information is that the government has the situation under consideration and, while deprecating premature announcement, will disclose the plans at the propitious time. Sentiment is understood to be crystallized in both the executive and legislative branches of the government against cancellation of any of the war debt due the United States loan, Eliot of Harvard. in Congress and out. The governmental policy will not be in sympathy with this movement. It is realized here that an exigency exists which demands prompt, practical measures of relief, and the government will work to such an end. * k ¥ % Meanwhile, there’are affairs of domestic concern holding the interest of the public, which are transpiring here in Washington, Last week might have surplus of ment ships It sociations subsidy bill able the farmer to dispose at once of the agricultural products to Euro- pean markets and to establish a permanent government corporation for marketing. It would have the authority to operate govern- to carry the products oversea, * % ¥ X is noted as an anomaly that the ifarmers’ bloc in Congress and farmers’ as- outside are inimical to the ship, 1, while very insistent upon sub- sidies for farmers, direct and indirect, and measure is delaved while the political strategists figure out what can best be done for party interests. Studying Politics of House. Far-sighted and sagacious political leaders feel that it is none too soon to study the political complexion of the next House, should the presiden- tial election be thrown into that body. In the close election of 1916 there was considerable talk of calling upon the House to decide, due to the close vot of Hughes and Wilson. Predictions are already being made that the 1523 death of a de; loct in the 19th but here Walter M. Chandler, repub- | lican, is strong, as shown by the fact that he ran ahead of his ticket. In by-election that strength would be manifest and probably would result in his election. That would make the New York delegation twenty-two | democrats and twenty-one repibli- cans—a narrow margin of one fo | such a big state, which might quite concelvably be tied and so have no part in the House election of the President. our own people and of Europe Kebt| i, repay the loan. our factories busy and made 2 mar-| g Germany cannot provide these from her allies in the great war. This at- becen called “Farmers’ week,” for the agricul- yet if the merchant marine is allowed to election will be decidedly close Party Leaders Here ket for our farm products. Just now reparations unless she produces ef- titude, statesmen and officials believe, re- turalist industry was prominently to the decay the farmers will be the first to come between the republican and demo-| . 5" 5 = " p 5 of things are apt to happe the frresistible demand for more houses and for the long-delayed re- pairs of buildings, rallroads and pub- lic works. the replenishing of stotks by our merchants and the export of some of our food products and es- sentlal raw materials, that cannot be bought elsewhere, are again speeding up_production in mines and factories. But the productive power of our mines, farms and factories greatly exceeds home consumption. Just as the weakness of the disordered Eu- ropean market resulted in 1920 in an tnevitable slump in exports that threw milllons of men out of employ- ment and brought keen distress to every farmer, so it will continue to operate. Conditions in Europe have for sev eral years been steadily going from bad to worse until they have becom extremely dangerous. has been closely approximated that was foretold by Ambassador Page in a letter to President Wilson in March, 1917, when he predicted that “the world will be divided into two hem ispheres. One of them, our own, Wi have the gold and the commodities the other, Great Britain and Europe, will need these commodities, but will have no money with which to pay for them.” I, myself, ventured to predict such a situatlon more than two years ago, when I said nless Europe tan regain its feet and re- sume production on a normal basis, her entire economic structure is threatened. An unstable Europe can- not absorb American exports and the results of this continued instability will be felt in the United States in unemployment, social unrest and ‘hard The situation fectively. Germany cannot produce effect- ively unless her money is stabilized. 8. German money cannot be sta- bilized unless Germany obtains a for- eign loan. 9. Therefore, France cannot obtain a loan unless Germany obtains one at the same time. 10. Neither France nor Germany |will obtain the necessary loans un- less political dangers—that is to say, | the dangers of war during the period jcovered by the loan—are averted. In- vestors will not invest their money in countries which are likely soon to go to war, or in countries which are likely to have their ability to pay interest and loan lessened or destroyed by the application of eco- nomic sanctions. | 11 The danger can be averted only 1if France receives guaranties of help lin case of being attacked by Ger- jmany, guaranties which must satisfy | the French people and make impossi- ble an appeal by the political oppo- sition to' the_fears of German attack whick domihate so many French voters. 12. If France obtained these guar- anties, she could save three billions a year on her military budget, and by reducing expenses connected with it balance her budget and avold too heavy taxation. | 13. France, then saved financially, { would be able to follow the advice |of her bankers, who in agreement with the principal foreign bankers |and In order to establish the basis of a loan, would be obliged to solve the question of reparations, which can be solved only by agreeing upon an in- American people. * ok ok X whole people of the country. H trally located countries will live at peace for the next generation at least, it is recognized that there can- not be settled peace or stability any- where in Europe and that economic conditions there cannot become nor- mal. And if Europe is not able to buy, America cannot sell freely, even to South America or Asia, so dependent most obvious lesson of events since 1914 is that we are involved with Europe despite any policy of isolation we can devise. As a result of the supposed German menace and of France's policy of against Germany, grave dangers and actual conflicts have already develop- policy has also been definitely re- sponsible for the debacle in the near east and for the terrible danger of a new war in Europe, with which we are markets on one another. The one | building up a balance of power | ed in various parts of Europe. This; flects the sentiment of the mass of the It seems likely that early in the new year, soon after the arrival of Ambassador Harvey with his stock of private informa- tion and of suggestion, the President will be able to disclose the program upon which the government will be willing to embark, and which will be offered for the support of the That program will not, it is believed ia executive and congressional circles, con any change in the policy of this goveranient in holding aloof from the politics of Europe. “AS I SEE IT.” iore in official recognition. The first national council oi farmers’ co-operating marketing under the carriers. associations, meeting in the capital, brought ported a bill. 1 tive marketing. Note.—In publishing this ar- ticle by the brilliant editor of the Emporia Gazette The Star does not necessarily indorse the views he expresses. But Mr. White brings to the discussion of current events a fertile mind ahd an entertaining style, and a_ discriminating public will place its own valuation upon the opinions he advances. OW true to form Harding al- ways runs. He is not given to impassioned bursts of into the spotlight the necessity of extend- ing aid to the farmers, while two committees of Congress were engaged in working out plans to that end and one committee re- Herbert Hoover, Secretary of Commerce, states his belief that farmer commodity as- sociations have done more for financial sta- bility than anything else had accomplished in that direction, and said that the farmer’s greatest hope would be found in co-opera- Adolph C. Miller, member By William Allen White. tyranny and extortion of foreign ik e The ship subsidy bill is “hanging by its eyelids” in the Senate. as unfinished business is due to the fact that the farm credit bill is not yet ready. When Its present place it comes in, the ship subsidy bill will have would pas credits bill subsidy bill, get him is the progressive statesman’s problem. Shall he be fooled or cosxed or scared to death? Lenroot and his type would fool and hoax the timid conservative. La Follette and his gropj would scare him into fits. Either method should have the bless- ing of the true patriots—when it wins. After all, in politics, it is success that counts. Nearing the Last Victory. AST week a serum was developed and demonstrated which will check to fight for its life. It is the general belief that if a vote could be obtained now, the ship subsidy bill Its friends hope that the may be delayed long enough to s. allow the other subsidy measure, the ship , to reach a vote. privilege and the organized liquor traffic. Day by day in’every way the folks are edging up into the control of the 1country “by the people and for the people,” and that the people may not perish from the earth. We have come a long way in ten years, and we are still on the move. The Crack tm American Civilization. TTOR a generation following the civil war in America, politics was an i indoor vocation devoted chiefly to {looking after infant industries. The imanullclurer faced European com- i petition, and claimed:with much rea- son that unless he was protected he) | would go down in defeat. American; labor also seemed to need protection, and got it along with the manufactur- er in our varlous tariff schedules. The tariff no longer is much of an issue cratic candidates for the presidency. ‘With all this talk of a third party the possibility of a republican-democratic tie is strengthened. The political strategists, who are | taking extreme care to safeguard every chance, have already figured out that the republicans would com- mand the votes of twenty-three states in the next House and the democrats twenty, with five states—Maryland, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire and New Jersey—having a tied dele- gation, so they would not particlapte in the election. How New Congress Divides. The new Congress which comes in March 4, next, will still be in sesslon when the time comes, in February, 1925, to decide the presidential elec- tion. As the incoming—the Sixty- Eighth—Congress stands today the political majorities in the state dele- gations, each state having one vote in the event that the presidential election is thrown into the House, appears as follows: Republican—California, 9 to 2; Col- orado, 4; Connecticut, 4 to 1; Idaho, 2; Illinois, 20 to 7; Indiana, 8 to Towa, 11; Kansas, 7 to 1; Maine, Massachusetts, 13 to 3; Michigan, 12 to 1; Minnesota, 8 to North Da- kota, 3: Ohio, 16 to 6; Oregon, 2 to 1; Pennsylvania, 30 to 6; Rhode Island, 2 to 1; South Dakota. 3: Utah, 2; Ver- mont, 2: Washington, 5; Wisconsin, 10 to 1. and Wyoming, 1. Democratic—Alabama, 10; Arizona, 1; Arkansas, 7; Delaware, 1; Florida, 4; Georgia, 12; Kentucky, § to 3: Louisiana, 8; Mississippi, 8; Missouri, 11 to 5; Nevada, 1; New Mexico, 1: New York, 23 to 20; North Carolina, between now and then, especially i New York, where they play the game of politics all the time, and where party leaders today are scheming and conniving and cogitating and con- | sulting to make this big delegation republican on the one hand, or to { hold it democratic on the other. Po- | litical leaders from New York have { been at the Capitol during the last week discussing some of the schemes they have been hatching. Now let's swing back to the situa- tion In the House, where the repub- licans have twenty-three and the democrats twenty states, with five states not voting, and a majority re- quired by the Constitution for elec- tion of a President. It would be quite possible for some state, say Wisconsin or Minnesota or North Dakota or some other which has recently been showing decidedly i radical tendencies and running ram- pant in an effort to be recognized - | figuring in on the “balance of power.” to throw its strength 1o a third jast which would result a deadlock between the republicans and the dem ocrats. Tnless the situation is relieved hy breaking the tie in a sufficient manner of those five equally divided states, so as to give ore party a safe and sure majority over all, there would be the extremely interestinz situation of the House being unable to elect a Presider by March 4. Senate Elects Vice President. The Senate would have to elect i Vice President from two and not thre candidates, as is the case in the House vote for President There is very re- times." " H 4 S 34 jdemnity from Germany as large as Is| were faced only a few weeks ago, | praise or denunciation. Hel .t o "m0 same day the first suc- |in Amerlcan politics, and now prom-|10; Oklahoma. 7 to 1; South Caro- |mote possibility of there being a dear- | practically possible, but not beyond | pecause of the coming back of the|could no more write a rip-snorting “insulin” for diabef 2 i o Whoever would be Danger to American Business and [, o o 7 e fter the Roosevelti: iy | Seastatiuse ot gEinanlin g 105 tes | {zes to pass into the hands of a com- | lina, 7: Tennessee, § to 2; Texas, 17 |lock in the Senate. Whoever wou Prosperity. e e ’ Tarkoa war that would have involy- | message after the Rooseveltian model| L oo mage in America, and a stxteen- | migsion along with the railroad rates|to 1; Virginia, 10, and Washington, |lected Vice President Ly the Scat 3 3 | 14. The danger of financial collapse | ed many and possibly most or even | than he could spin on his toes. He|yeq 3 inarily would have | i L) e saticalls become Prosident ny improvement in American busi- |, ;4" the necessity f b AN 3 ® 1a ! year-old boy, who ordinarily would have | gng competition in business. 4to 2 would automatically beeome Prosiden i Gager Desent condions ) can Be F R S VLIS carable tax- | all the nations of Europe. The massa- | €0uld no more write one of those|peen considered incurable, was relieved. | nne breakdown in our cm“zmonl Equally divided—Maryland, 3 to 3;|0n March 4, in the event that the Housc R e et e being thus averted, France|cres that are destroying the Chris. |Tepressed Wilsonian essays on the|poy fast we are moving from victory |oday 1s agriculture. It is on the Montant. 1 fo 1: Nebraska. 3 to 3. |failed to elect a President by ihat datc SRl e e could then produce freely, and, her{tjan population of Western Asia have philosophy of life than he could Sing | to victory over material things toward | 1ocks. The farmer is not making aj New Hampshire, 1 to 1 and New| Another sidelight—and an important : 3 money being stabilized, she could | grown directly out of the encourage- | # Debussy aria. He has been in of-| that last great victory! AR e e e S . e eailones & i ea it = oap 3 The census committer has 20 per cent of the products of farm. mine and faciory. wiil keep the prices of our products close to or even below the cost of production and Jead to super- | compete commercially in the world lmarkels 15. The question of France's war debts to America would no longer be ment and opportunity given to the | Turk by the lack of accord and the conflict tn policy between London and fice nearly two years and no one seriously considers him an incorrigi- Along comes a man, now that we are getting the best of disease, who has ble reactionary, yet by no stretch of | invented a machine by which we can the imagination could he be called a|see as well as hear across the world landed in Americy free land has been available until this generation. Now the young farmer who wants land He can- Subject to Change. This situation which now exists is likely to be disturbed by changes in portionment. under consideration a reapportionmen bill, by which New York and ot states would get an increase in the num- P Paris. These differences have arisen ompetition among manufacturers and | or cidered a8 a question of financlal | grom the conviction of Frenchmen |liberal. He never truckles to the evi- [ by radio. The longer We live the more basto buy it or inhesit At the politics of personnel In any or |per of members of the House, which merchants that will reduce profits to o not go & few hundred miles west and = S e b e v B D TC L Qeath for France; it could then | tnat thelr future is mot secure and |dent public opinion of the moment.|there is to live for. A fine old World| o Y0 ¢or nothing. So interest for all of these five states. The Constl- [ ywould have a decided effect on the pres- s be treated on its merits and propa- yet it is obvious that the thing called | it is. B Ty h“i'ecome . u;mrm tution requires that there must be|cnt situation and might entirely turn of wages to a degree that careful em- ployers would not otherwise attempt, and lead to strikes and lockouts, with their inevitable brood of social and political troubles. Only reconstruction of the European market can prevent continued and pwing distress of American farmers American workingmen. This Te- truction cannot come about until Kuropean currencies are stabilized and Furopean budgets are balanced. Tt is now apparent, even to the uninitiated, that neither of these can be done with- and o ganda could be openly undertaken in America to convince the American people of the French belief that this debt is a part of the expenses of a common war, and that it should, therefore, be borne in common and not by France alone. 16. It is impossible, however, to carry out this program of reconstruc- tion unless France receives guaran- ties which will give her people every security. The World Stake in a Secured France. that no price is too great for safety. ‘What This Means to Ameriea. It is a feeling of grave concern over the future of the world and of our own land, and of personal re- sponsibility therefor that is causing Americans who know the facts to sound the tocsin of alarm in the ears of their countrymen. It was such a feeling of concern and responsiBility, 1 doudt not, that induced the Grand 0Old Man of France to leave his quiet retreat by the sea and come over Wall street does not control him. And wouldn't it be a shame if this They have little taste for him in Wall | was the end of it? “How the lads and street and less than none in the pre- | lassies who have gone before must cincts of radicalism. He is Harding and no more. His message last week calling for two amendments to the Constitution in the face of apparent conservative dis- taste at any amendments was typical of him. His gentle crack at the ene- mies of the Volstead act, his demand for a railroad law of the type that might have been hailed as drastic in 1918, his handling of the farm credit enjoy sitting on the clouds above, look- ing down at the spectacle we are put- ting on here below. And they have the sweet comfort of knowing that they don’t have to leave the show in’ the middie of the act. They have box seats for the whole performance and the fire- works in the evening—and what fire- works they will be to be commensurate with the performance! factor in agricultural production. And the American farmer cannot pay high interest and make a living. And his situation has produced the revolt in our politics. The so-called radicals come from farmer states. The progressives come from farmer con- stituencies. Excepting Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, where industry is almost as important as agriculture, every northern state in the rural west has ! sent to the Senate a man whose views |are shocking to the stald and con- | servative members from the indus- a majority to elect a President. If three candidates are to be voted for the one elected must have a majority over all. As the House is now con- stituted that would be impossible. Then that very condition furnishes another possibility of the Holse not being able to elect a President. Still another consideration is the complexion of the New York state delegation at that time. Remember, over the House majority, When the vots is taken by states. The reapportionment bill 1§ being de- layed because some astute and sagacious political - leaders see an opportunity through reapportionment to make the House safe for their party candidate in the evdnt the election is thrown into the House= They are busy, meanwlhile, fig- uring out the possibie maneuvers that should be taken in this dire Facts About Fellowship Fund out foreign loans, the most of which T 2 i " B tectors nd bankers must| Growing demoralization, which 1s|hore foF & heast-to-hesscitale it EEoRoslHion: (heflbctindormine e ol Day by Day in Every Way™ |, ;) 4reas, or if the radical has not & populist subtreasury scheme, the CONSTITUTIONAL amendment o . supply. These loans cannot be made ' forcibly shown by the financlal edi-1 ",py,ou¢ attempting to criticize our vet got into the Senate, he 15 in the P k d b Cl . f A d e e e e | o0 ot (holancncatos Cussaian) aafu) SIMoULaCeBLE BRI S8 DD whioTe eent 5| (onoelon bisBecemmen, | /o) seciis t0fEs bStorsiConbecss vh l,.m. house of the agrarian west. And | 1CKe! y emenceau 1or Al ment of German indemnities are settled and the danger of new wars removed. After threo years of European experi- menting with secondary causes, all men who have access to the facts of the ¥it- uation, no matter how conservative they may be. at last are seeing and declaring painful thing that he met with every- where on a recent visit to Germany— a growing lack of morale even in small things, a growing Inefficiency, a feeling that it didn't matter whether or not_a thing got done— would be checked and recovery be- its proper share of responsibility for stabilizing Europe and controlling the near east, a consideration of the facts forces me to the conclusion that if the United States had made it pos- sible for France to get the necessary guaranties the Turk would not today dations revealed a kindly. quiet, dis- passionate gentleman, who is tre- mendously worried and too polite to show it A rather unusual man for tumultu- ous times he is, this unruffled gentle- man who sits amidst the shock of battle between the two wings of two viding for the direct election of the President and for the assembling of Congress early in January after each election, instead of nearly a year later. This amendment is in line with all the recent amendments to the Con- stitution, in that it places more power in the hands of the average man, the movement has only begun. ‘The farmer s the heart of our pros- perity. The farmer is our best citizen. He has been always a bulwark of conservatism. But now he is angry, rampant and implacable in his demand for justice. And he is asking only for justice. He works hard. Considerable interest has been aroused among members of Congress, prominent public officials and people throughout the country in the Ameri- can fleld service fellowships for there are about thir merican hold- ers of fellowships in French univer: ties today. Many more applicants for fellowships than could possibly be filled even were the entire endow- hat neither Indemnities nor threatened | gun, I feel certain, if France were 2 o be dealt with effectively unless | &lven guaranties that, by taking :’;t::?};:_o;‘: ;:::;‘;‘:_:l:j‘:";‘m:;:s Darties, and who muses sweetly while | majics his opinton and his vote count | modern machinerse for which ne mag|French universities since Georges|ment fund available are constantly France is given guaranties against at-|away her fear of attack, convinced| coia have been agreed upon, trade the fire h'urns. What a salamander | for more than it counts today, makes|to go into debt—cultivates his soil Clemenceau announced that he u??ld on hand, coming from practically tack—guaranties that will convince the | her that she could afford to let Ger-| yould be resuming its mormal pro- he is. Maybe 2 jonestermer, but 'M: it easler for his views to be reg!s-|with sclentific intelligence and still| 5 "¢ the Pl:oc(‘cds from Iecturusl:gnen every state in the countrs French people that they may at last|many begin to resume her normalfp,rions and cbnditions at home kind of a man ?\hog\\nuld walk into a | tered in government. Hoiis oniiiie reoni B0 ot Ao NEar s Lo os s reaen o of the United | The Amcrican ficd service won for safely turn their attention from military | political and business activities. For-| woulq not present the grave outlook flery furnace with Shadrach, Meshwkl Under the present status when a|And the more machinery, the more in- Sln}es to this cause. i itself 2 permanent pl;u‘- in the histories reduce | eign Minister Walter Rathenau, and Abednegs and offer them a lght| year clapses between the election of |telligence he uses, the deeper fs his| . e more than 100 organizations |of France and the United States. It solicited contributions from Clemen- | was on French and Balkan battieflelds safeguards against Germany, thetr army and military budgets, give thelr undivided attention to economic reconstruction, and allow Germany and the rest of Europe to do the same. t Allow Germany to ‘Work. M. Louls Louchere, minister of mu- nitions in the Clemericeau cabinet and of liberated regions after the armistice, on November 7, declared publicly, amid the applause of the chamber of deputies, what auother cabinet minister of France told me privately two years ago. He said, in effect, that In these days, when industrial power is the chief basis of military power, France cannot allow Germany to Tegain her industrial power so long as France Is not as- sured of support against the possible use of that industrial power as mili- jary power. That means that France cannot, in the absence of guaranties, afford to allow Germany to work steadily enough to pay indemnities and that she actually is not allowing it. It means, also, that indemnities net being pald, France cannot balance her budget, cannot stabilize her cur- seacy, canngt adopt an international France Can agreed with me, on onec occasion, that I would do a great service for the peace of the world if I could help France to get her guaranties so that questions at issue between the two countries could be dealt with on their merits rather than under the motive of fear and in the determination to keep Germany from producing freely. An interview I gave one of the Berlin papers last summer recommending that the Germans should urge on other nations the necessity of guar- anteelng the security of France wi favorably received. I have reason to believe, therefore, that such guaran- tles would be more than welcome to far-seeing Germans, as the immedi- ately practical means of releasing their country from the jaws of the vise that is squeezing out its life. It is fairly apparent to everybody, 1 suppose, that the final deciaion as to whether there is to be a militaris- tic world or a peaceful, working ‘world during the life of this genera- tion and the next, depends upon the relations between France and Ger- many. Until reparations are fixed and in the process of being paid and until it has become certain that these cen- that they now bear. ‘We Americans pride ourselves on our ability to deal practically with our problems. This task of helping the world to recover from the ef- fects of the greatest shock of his- tory is the most serious we have to face—perhaps the gravest we have ever had to face. No internal prob- lem compares with it in importance. An observer of nation-wide reputa- tion has interpreted the November elections as showing that our foreign policies are no longer Involved in partisan politics. Let us hope that he is right, for this is a time when Wwe should see clearly and act wisely. There are two realities in the sit- uation, two potent facts to be faced in determining what America can and should do in the performance of to- day’s duty. 1. In view of our traditional policy of isolation and nonintervention it is not probable that the United States will immediately agree, in advance, to send troops to Europe under given contingencies. 2. On account of the extraordinary need of the industrial nations of Eu- ropo for markets they will quite cer- (Continued on Third Page.) oft his own match.’ This program indicates one sure thing: We shall not have that year of peace which some of the brethren on our right felt that they were en- titled to a few weeks ago. The Presi- dent's message will make a noise like a boiler factory when it gets into the congressional mill. A Nice Question. ILL the La Follette ultra-progres- sives do more harm than good? 1t is a nice question; possibly by paint- ing any liperal proposition red La Fol- lette’s followers will make it easler for the timid conservatives to vote against any proposition supported by the La Fallette group. But, on the other hand, by getting back of merely lib- eral measures and furnishing an un- terrified group that will stand for those measures though the heavens fall, the La Follette group may perhaps put fear into the heart of the timid con- servatives and so get tleir support. These are serious questions. Progress is, after all, up to the majority, and the maljority is your timid couserva- tive, who would like to be more con- servative—if he dared to be. How to a Congress and its meeting the con- servative will tell you that “passions have time to coo! which is true. Also with the old defeated Congress in session three months the Presi- dent has an opportunity to force leg- islation upon the republic by buying the lame ducks with offices. It is a question whether or not the danger of a passionate republic having its way in legislation is worse than the danger of the lame duck market in the halls of Congress subverting the expressed will of the people. At any rate, the pending amend- ment would put more power in the hands of the individual voter, bring government nearer to the people, and take out of the machinery of govern- ment the power of sinister privilege to buy, beg or steal legislation which public sentiment has condemned in an election. The last four amendments to the Constitution have been leveling amendments, taking from organized wealth privileges that it had in the election of senators, in a restricted suffrage, the political power of un- checked and untaxed incomes, and, lastly, breaking the alliance between debt, and the more hopeless his condi- tion. ‘This agrarian rebellion which fis manifesting itself in farm blocs and radical groups and tax-cutting legis- latures, will not be put off with prom- ises. The tantalizing insult of a farmers’ emergency tariff will not stop the movement among our rural population for rellef. La Follette may be a mild and healing compromise compared with the boots and whis- kers that will blow into Washington it La Follette's plea is unheeded. Ship- stead, Brookhart, Frazier, Norris and the leaders of the revolt today are of- fering reasonable solutions for the problem. But when the farmer gets angry he will not be reasonable. And the farmer still holds control of a ma- Jority in Congress and can clect a President. He has been educated to expect more of life than the peasant of the mid-Victorian days expected. He wants all that the town man has, all that the country doctor, the country merchant, the country lawyer or country banker enjoys in the way of comfort, luzury and education for his (Continued on Third Page.) ceau, this one, through Representa- tive A. Piatt Andrew of Massachu- setts, who is a vice president and trustee, asked Mr. Clemenceau not for money but for his indorsement. There- fore, Representative Andrew was most agreeably surprised to Tead the “Tiger's” decision. He has been even more surprised at the nation-wide in- terest suddenly taken in the fellow- ships' association, as he iz now re- ceiving a big batch of inquiries daily from all parts of the country. The organization is seekirg to raise an endowment of $3,175,000 to provide 127 fellowships as a permanent memorial to the 127 members of the American field service who gave their lives and to promote mutual un- derstanding and liking between French and American youth; it is planned to name a fellowship in memory of each of the 127. Fellowships are awarded for ad- vanced study in France to students selected from American colleges, uni versities and technical establish- ments, and occasional fellowships for French students in American univer- sities. About $500,000 of the endow- ment has been raised to date, and for azbout two and one-half years before the arrival of the American troops in France; it had much to do with the shaping of American public opinion con- cerning the issues involved in the world war, and it gave the American expedi- tionary forces a small nucleus of battle- trained officers and men. The American fleld service was made up of volunteers, at gne time numbering more than 2,000. A few saw service in the first battle of the Marne in Sep- tember, 1914, and after that there was hardly an important battle in whi they did not participate. In April, 1 this volunteer service was organized in sections of twenty-five or thirty men patterned after the regular ambulance sections of the French army and in- corporated into the automobile service of the French army. Each section formed an integral part of a French army division and at one time thirty- four French divisions were dependent wpon the American field service for practically all their sanitary transport. In 1916 two sections were sent with French troops to the Balkane, and in 1917 800 additional volunteers were or- ganized in fourteen camion sections en- gaged in the transport of ammunition and military supplies.