Evening Star Newspaper, July 2, 1922, Page 27

» THE SUNDAY STAR, WAS SECURITY OF GERMANY = . GAINED THROUGH CRISIS \ Monarchists Get Due Warning Time to Strike Is Not Yet—Polish-German Pact in View. BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN. ERMANY, at the crossroads, . chose to take the path to Progress. Instead of finding a na- tion torn by tremendous civil warfare P a week after the assassination of ‘Walter Rathenau, foreign minister, the world observes a stronger Ger- many, a government that has been more firmly intrenchd through the machinations of internal enemies. the . disciples of ruthlessness and military might, the government under Chancellor greater speed than would have: been the case had not the monarchists made their threats and had not one of the bright lights of the present regime heen foully slain at his door- step in Berlin. The atmosphere has cleared. \ Previous to the slaying of Rathenau, Germany was drifting to unknown The monarchists. squelched for a time by the Kapp revolt. laid their plans for a greater upheaval, relia- blv reported as having heen planned for last Monday. on the anniversary of the signing of the treaty of Ver- sailles. When the eleventh hour came the masses of Germany. as represent- + ed through the socialist parties, right and left. and those elements of Ger- man_political thought intmical to restoration of the old order, rose with such tremendous power as to frighten off. for some time. at least. concerted attempts to overthrow the present ,Bovernment and re-establish the mon- larchy. The danger has not passed. but it may be taken for granted that the monarchist movement has receiv- ed a severe setback. It would not he in the least surprising to see Wirth's regime gain such prestige as to for- ever preclude all possibility of over- throwing the republic. ende Germany Has Greater Unity. As a result of the Rathenau mur- ger Germany. according to reliable ‘dispatches, Is solidified as néver since the war. A tremendous ma- Jority of the people have spoken through the reichstag and in public meetings in Berlin and other larger eitles of Germany. There is no mis- take as to their purpose in case the monarchists attempt to undermine extsting authority. Chancellor Wirth, with renewed signs of unity of sup- port. may now proceed about the business of lifting Germany economic, financial and social chaos | without 'the - haunting spectet of monarchism ever lurking at his heels. | From the standpoint of other Euro- | kpan Powers the events of the past ceek in Germany have given hope— hope that Germany intends to permit force or forces to deter her from 1iment of her obligations to other ions and that Germany will not torn and trampled in ruthless 1 revolt, which would for a decade more preclude the possibility of | many even approaching pavment her war-time oblizations. ! W Tt must not be taken for granted tite xro monarchist movement Germany is broken completely. It | t0o well organized to be dragsed | by the roots so quickly. The | sent government can proceed with e complacency. but those know- the tempem of the monarchists— wing how eager are the leaders of | old regime to once more preside r the destinies of the nation—are v cognizant of the ramificatio™ he Ludendorff organizations. They | ¢ that Ludendorff. who two vears | set in motion a movement look- There is no question but that | Wirth now will advance probably at | !lead to later political agreements of from her [ so strongly toward the socialist side that the monarchists will gain least | headway here. Bavaria, however, is another question. Already it is re- ported that the monarchists have ar- ranged for monarchial outbreaks in Munich and at other points, but how far-reaching these may be, of course, cannot be conjectured. There is every reason to believe, however, that the following of monarchial leaders in Bavaria would be scant, inasmuch as recent events have pretty graphically illustrated the fact that the temper of the people elsewhere is not such as to brook revolution at the moment and with out sweeping support all would fail German-Polish Agreement. Mere mention has been made of a proposed German-Polish commercial ailiance, but this is one of the most significant bits of news that has come out of Furope in recent months. If realized it would mark the breaking down of the long existing hatreds, ever potential menaces. At the same time, it would lead to breaking down of French infiuence in Poland. which eventually may change the whole complexfon of eastern European Yolitics. Bitter enmities which have been aroused over the partition of Upper Silesia from Germany still smoulder and may yet lead to conflict, but a commercial working agreement be- tween Poland and the Germans would go far toward erasing the evil effects of the bungied Upper Silesian treaty and at the same time bring the Ger- mans, Poles and Russians, not to speak of small border states, into working agreements which would far-reaching character. The Poles, by sheer circumstance. were forced to lean upon the allies immediately after the war when the the old Polish empire was being re- mapped and rejuvenated. The French gained the upper hand insofar as in- Auence tn Poland is concerned, and this eventuated in an offensive and defensive military alliance. Not- withstanding the fact that the allles have furnished capital to Poland and have reassured her from a military standpoint, it is nevertheless a fact that the Poles have witnessed their own constantly growing dependency, industrially and economically, upon the Germans. Likewlise the Germans have felt the need, from a business standpoint. of closer working ar- rangements with the Poles. The feeling is mutual that the two peoples should bury their difference: Dolitically speaking, and work closer co-operation, from an eco- nomic and commercial standpoint. | Politics May Be Influenced. i It is often said that the trend of politics is directed by commercial rapprochements and is not the di- rector. 1If this be not a fallacy, then the German influence in Poland will grow with the years, and with Ger- many working in close co-operation | with Russia to the east the position of Poland will be enhanced from a | strictly commercial standpoint. From a military standpoint Poland | will feel she has the backing of the allied governments during the crifi- cal immediate years to come, but there is some question as to the pos- tle course of the French govern- | ment in regard to present alliances with Poland in case the Poles enter into friendly working agreements ! with the Germans. Undoubtedly, in view of the bitter feeling toward the | Germans, the French would strive to call the Poles to account. If the Peles. on the other hand, felt them- Ives secure in working agreements | toward union of Austrian andi an monarchical movements, since been plotting and will not be nt with the present status quo. ay Walt for Seve: 1 Years. I e monarchists may wait another they may wait five, or ten, be- | ushering in a new movement, | they undoubtedly will keep the ! of monarchical feeling burning ! he way places that there may be lving points in case the republican ernment siould fall into political mbles or commit some act that 1d alienate the present prepon- support and permit of suc- movements looking toward self. long the dominating | ice of Germany, undoubtedly leans | Washington has the finest and most beautiful statues and monuments in the world. Those who have the oppor- tunity to visit the Capital “city are beginning to realize this more and more, and the states and municipali- ties are realizing it, for they are be- ginning to look here for guidance when planning to spend large sums of money in memorials. The monuments and other me- morlals erected here are not just let out by contract, but are the results of spirited competitions on the part of sculptors and architects of nation- wide renown. Those desiring con- tracts for a particular statue or me- morial to be erected are asked to de- sign their models to give realization of their ideas and a committee of judges decides on the best. Has Obtained Fine Work. 7 By this means the government has %obulned some of its finest work, which Is looked upon as models by | 'the best talent in the country. Prizes are offered for the first selection and gne or more for the next best, as en- couragement to enter the contests. And the plans laid down under the arection of the federal government are many times the guides for states and municipalittes. The federal government, according to sculptors, reached the top in its most recent competition, that for the Francis Scott Key memorial, just re- cently dedicated in Baltimore on the site to which Key looked when he wrote “The Star Spangled Banner.” The National Sculpture Soclety, in inform- ing the Secretary of War of its ap- preciation of the program of compe- titions which brought out this beauti- ful memorial, said that inasmuch as; | the government programs and compe- titions are so often taken as models state and municipal commission: through the country, it was espe- clally important that government pro- grams should be as near ideal as pos- . It expressed the opinion that Francis Scott Key program was < far the best ever issued by the ent for a sculptural competi- Many talented and experienced soulptors enter the: competitions, and in the case of the Key memorial, it was testimony of the sculptors that the reagon for the wide interest was 3ot the amount of money involved in ‘How Competition Among Artists Is Assuring Finest Memorials iry ] with the Germans and the Russians | there is every reason to believe that ' the French ailiance would be dropped. These are not eventualities that; may transpire in the immediate fu- ture. Merely are they possibilities of | the future. but they nevertheless demonstrate the insecurity of mo-| mentary adjustments and schemings. i They further demonstrate the Brit- ish theory that Kurope cannot be reconstructed without co-operative endeavor by all and that this_en- deavor will come in the face of all | the treaties or agreements that may { be effccted at the moment to the con- | tra It is this trend toward adjustment ; of eastern Europe's economic and financial troubles and the erasing of ! ‘war-created prejudices that will bring about far-reaching agreements, whether these agreements be effected at The Hague or elsewhere. the contract and the prizes, but the| character of the program. | The program was prepared under Preparation of Program. the direction of the Secretary of War, with an advisory body composed of | Joseph Evans Sperry. architect; | Ephraim Keyer. sculptor, and Doug- las H. Thomas, jr., architect. When the program was prepared and ap- proved by the Commission of Fine Arts. sculptors and architects of es- tablished reputation and who were citizens of the United States were in- vited to submit designs for the memo- rial. It was then decided that the jury of award should consist of one architect and two sculptors, to be ap- pointed by the Secretary of War upon nominations to be submitted. respect- of the Treasury office on the third floor. been said or seen of him in official Washington, but, as chairman of the consultants on hospitalization for the | Treasury, Dr. White has filled an im- portant post, without pa penditure of $18,600,000 for the rnn'# struction of work which will be completed, it is expected, this fall, and the committee dismissed. leases, avoiding interviews and dis- inclined to publicity, Dr. White and his com have given freely of their time and attention, without salary, to the big roblem Rha recommending direct to the Sec- retary of the Treasury means of expending the funds. architect and_ officials of Assistant Secretary, charge o “‘Ihlfe and his consultants, however, have been responsible direct to Sec- retary Mellon. its co-operative agents in the affiliat- ed offices of twenty hospital projects which, when completed, will be turn- ed over to the Veterans' Bureau for ively, by the president of the Amer- ican Institute of Architects and of the Natfonal Sculpture Soclety, the mayor of Baltimore and Representative Din- | thicum of Maryland, the latter be- to be erected on Fort McHenry. Thirty-four sculptors in the case of thie particular memorial entered the | compétition, and the models were as- sembled. where they were reviewed by the jury of award, which included, in addition to Mayor Preston and Rep- resentative Linthicum, Glenn Brown, architect: Adolph A. Weiman, sculp- tor, and Herman A. McNell, sculptor. ‘Winners fn Competition. The jury awarded the first prise, Wwhich was the award of the contract, to Charles Henry Niehaus, sculptor, Wwho had associated with him E. V. ‘Warren, architect. The second prize, of $800, was awarded to F. H. Packer, sculptor, of New York; Albert R. Rqss, architect; the third prize of $500, to Henry Hering, sculptor, New York: Evarts Tracy, architect; the fourth prize, of, $300, to J. Massey Rind, sculptor, New York. The jury made honorable mention of the models sub- mitted by C. A. Heber, sculptor; James E. Fraser, sculptor, and Edward Berge, scuiptor. The entire compe- tition and the awards were approved by the Commission of Fine Arts. It is but fitting that the states and municipalities should look to the federal government for guidance in such matters, and In adopting as a guide these competitions they will at- tract the very best talent in the coun- try to the end that they will be able to obtain the best in art, architecture and sculpturing when they are plan- ning to erect monuments or memo- rials of any kind. Niehaus, the successful sculptor in this case, has designed many statues now gracing the Capital city, as well as many in various parts o(‘hl coun- the care, of disabled veterans of the world war. also is under direction of Assistant cause of the fact that the statue was | Secretary Clifford, had charge of a large part of the care Veterans until recently. tive | transterred a number of public health I itals to the Veterans' Bureau, oD tAhat the entire control of 'the hospitals, for them, shoult eau, whic D being of the soldiers wounded in war. would have there had not the differences orking out a plan for the hospital- l‘;lllonxuf the wounded soldier. directed at the entire outfit in charge of soldiers’ rohabilitation .and hospi- talization, charging delay, and “red tape.” n some of these attacks from several sources. has never answered such charges, nevertheless stands on iits record of having taken up the problem of ho: pitalization of the war wounded when it was first laid as a burden upon the Secretary of the Treasury early in 1921 by Congress, and having consistently kept at work, co-operat- ing with officialdom on all hands, differing at times upon some points of policy, but 'steadily pursuing its aim. It made a most thorough sur- standard plans of hospitals all of The Story the Week Has Told HINGTON, D. C, JULY 2, i922_PART 2. ~ BY HENRY W. BUNN. . HE following is a brief summary of the * most important news of the world for the seven days ended July 1: Ireland.—The murder of Sir Henry Wilson hastened the long-expected general debate in the commons on the Irish situation and the Irish policy of the British government, which debate took place on Monday. The commons fulfilled the expectations of Justice Taft and were calm. The debate was on general lines and the murder, though deplored and con- demned, was not unduly emphasized. More- over, the home secretary stated that he had no evidence that the murders “had any con- nection whatever with Ireland.” There is, fre deed, a fantastic explanation going about that the murderers (known to be soldiers) are pacifists and by their manner of dealing with Sir Henry elegantly intimated their disap- proval of “strong-arm” methods. The house gave the government a big vote of confidence. The debate was chiefly remark- able for warnings addressed to the Free State provisional government by Lloyd George apd Winston Churchill. Now that the elections had shown the Irish people to be overwhelm- ingly in favor of the London agreement and that, despite itself, the provisional govern- ment had been greatly strengthened by elec- tion of many non-Sinn Fein pro-treaty candi- dates (defeating Sinn Fein anti-treaty candi- dates), It was up to the provisional govern- ment, said Lloyd George, to “show their capacity to discharge the elementary duties of a government in protecting life and prop- erty.” Winston Churchill said the same thing in brusquer language and added that the provincial government was expected to clean out quickly that “nest of anarchy and trea- son,” the Four Courts in Dublin, the citadel held by Rory O'Connor and his “dissidents” (in plain language, mutineer soldiers). * ok ok ok The warnings had not been uttered when already Michael Collins was taking the first steps toward ‘“restoring the normal life of Ireland, Insuring public safety and securing Ireland for the Irish people.” Rory O'Connor had gone too far, had committed one outrage too many. Michael Collins demanded the sur- render of the Four Courts. The demand was ignored and at 4 am. on Wednesday Collins opened fire on the massive group of build- ings. The chief advantage of the Free State troops was in their possession of some eighteen-pounders. . The bombardment continued Wednesday and Thursday. About Friday the “national troops” (as they call themselves) made a practicable breach and entered the Four Court The defenders fought on at close quarters. About noon the garrison detonated some ground mines of high explosive beneath the part of the building held Dby national troops. It caused thirty casualties among the latter, but was the garrison’s un- doing, because it started a fire which made the citadel untenable. About 4 n.m. Rory O'Connor surrendered unconditionally with a number of officers, including Liam Fellowe and about 130 men. throughout 2] on The capture of Rory O'Connor and the stronghold of the Dub “dissidents” was, of course, important. but more go in the moral than the military sense. Probably not m than 300 “irregulars” (as the Free State con muniques call them) were en 1. The Dublin brigade of irregulars num ahont 4.000, who (except those Killed or captured at Four Courts) are scattered about the city During the affair of Four Courts they carried on a nasty warfare of ambuscade and sniping and they have seized strong buildings. During the slow process of dislodgement they will be making a vropaganda more dangerous than bullets. Indeed, though the immediate psycho- logical effect of the Four Courts episode is to hearten the friends of the Free State and to relieve the great mass of the Ireland popula- tions. its ultimate psychalogical effect may conceivably be something different Of the situation in South Ireland outside Dublin_we have little authentic information. That admirable soldier, Gen. McKeown, is put- ting down the forces of disorder in Donegal. But for the rest of the there is uncertainty, punctuated by disturb- ing rumoi De Valera manifestoed the other day in praise of Rory O'Connor, but the rumor that he has assumed direction of the irregular forces is a doubtful one. The meeting of the new provisional parlia- ment has been postponed to July 15. * K k ok Germany.—Dr. Walter Rathenau, foreign minister of Germany, was assassinated in Ber- lin on June 24 by two or more men, who used hand grenaltes as well as bullet: The day before that arch-reactionary, Helfferich, made a violent attack in the reichstag on Rath- enau's policy. A Berlin socialist newspaper makes the following comment: “Helfferich de- livers an inflammatory speech, Erzberger is murdered; Helfferich delivers an inflammatory speech, Rathenau is murdered.” Of late there have been an extraordinary number of monarchist, and pan-German festi- vals and demonstrations, regimental reunions and that sort of thing, attended on several occasions by clashes between enthusiasts for the old regime and socialists. The Wirth gov- ernment has now_forbidden any more such demonstrations. The reichstag chamber, on receipt there of news. of the assassination, was a scene of wildest excitement. Shouting ““Assassin!” the radical members were with difficulty restrained from attacking Helfferich. It is singularly difficult to appraise Rath- enau. His most notable monument is the Weisbaden agreement, the joint work of Rathenau and Loucher. But he was also chiefly responsible for the Rapallo treaty. He was a Jew, a very highly educated man, a great captain of industry, reputed a philos- opher, but somewhat dubiously so; it will be difficult to find a suitable man to ‘succeéd him as_foreign minister. The murder may have the effect of drawing together the two wings of the socialist party —the majority socialists and the independent socialists. The doings in Ireland, the assassination in Germany, the reign of murder in Barcelona, the business of the fascistl and communists in Italy, the Anatolian massacres, bomb- throwing in Belgrade, the Russian horrors, the Moplah insurrection in India, the mutiny in Kiangsl, the affair in Williamson county, Ill.— we're very much alike, we humans, aren’t we? But we Americans have a little the edge on the others—nothing so bad as the massacre at Herrin. * K Kok Mount Evereat.—Gen. Bruce’'s party has been compelled to abandon {ts attempt to reach the top of Mount Everest. It had been intended to have a final try on June 6, but the monsoon broke on June 3, making further effort this season senseless. There is good reason to expect that the next expedition will be successful. The base camp was carried up 10 23,000 feet this year, whence Mallory, Wakefleld and Somervell fought, with the aid of oxvgen, to 27,300 feet before the most frightful weather conditions turned them back. It is thought that the next party can advance its base camp to 26,000 feet. * ¥ k¥ % China.—Our latest information of Sun Yat- Sen is of date June 24, when, on board one of his gunboats, he told an Associated Press correspondent that he would “die rather than vield,” and that, “as a man and a patriot. he was going to set an example for futuresgen- erations” With the possible exception of and ——, Sun Yat-Sen Is the greatest liv- ing jackass. * % %k X The Hague.—Let us have a touch of comedy. No, it is grimmest tragedy, cruelly burlesqued. The piece should be entltled, “The World Turned Upside Down.” The Russian commission of “experts.” head- ed by Litvinov, arrived in The Hague on June 26. Litvinov at once went to meet the head of the non-Russian commission and unbosom- ed himself of some important statements. In the first place, there would be no Russian subcommittees to meet the subcommittee of the commission of the assoclated powers. The Russian commission was ready to negotiate as a whole, but only as a whole, with the whole or any part of the associated powers commission. In the second place, if there was to be any discussion, it must begin on the sub- ject of credits. That little matter arranged, the Russians would be willing to take up other subjects—but not before. In the third place, it should be understood that the Rus- slans took their stand on_their Genoa note of May 11. In that note they offered to drop their counter clalm of fitty billion gold rubles in return for a loan. They now repeated the offer, except that now they would be satisfied with’ credits instead of a loan. As for the refusal of the powers fo grant government credits, the Russians were perfectly satisfied With credits from private sources to the soviet government—not, however, to private agencies or persons for the benefit of Russia, but direct to_the soviet government. The next day Litvinov climbed off his high horse onto a shorter one. He continued cocky, but not nearly o0 much so. His initial bluff falling flat and the associated delegates refus- ing to accept his dictation, he consented to confer as equal with equals and that ths sub- jects and order of debate should be mutually arranged and not imposed by himself. * % ¥ * The reader will please note again that the Russians are not now asking for a loan, but for credits for purchases outside Russia, these credits to be guaranteed by the governments of the nationals furnishing the goods. “You say the shippers must have confidence in Rus- sia?” says Litvinov in his manner of the saucy sophomore. that isn’t necessary, if their own governments furnish the guarantees.” But the non-Russian delegates don't see it that way. There can't be any business done with Russia, they say, unless foreign business men have confidence in Russia. And such con- fidence depends on what the Moscow govern- ment does about debts and property. And even with Russia doing the right thing about debts and property, the Moscow government must exhibit a scheme of reconstruction be- fore the other governments will set afoot a machinery of credits for Russia’s behoof. For what purposes are credits desired? How much in the way of credits is desired? What guar- antees are forthcoming? These questions must be answered. Litvinov, who apparently had counted on taking the associated delegates by storm, confessed that he had no plan of reconstruction ready—he must have time to prepare one. He admitted that the question of credits was interlocked with questions of debts and property. He wouldn't go so far as to admit that the latter questions should take precedence, but he would allow to the latter equality with the first. On Wednesday the Russian commission met the debts subcommittee of the commission of the associated powers. Asked what proposi- tion Moscow had to make about debts, Lit- vinov replied that Moscow proposed a mora- torium—a good long one. “Before we can discuss that,” said the subcommittee, “we ust have an exact statement of your budget.” You insult us,” replied Litvinov. “You flout our sovereignty. Our budget is our own busi- ness and none of yours.” “Nevertheless,” said the subcommittee, “if we are to talk mora- torium we must see vour budget” “All right,” said Litvinov, “but you'll have to wait, as 1 haven't the figures by me and must get them from Moscow. But, mind you, a long moratorium must be a pre-condition of any debt payments by us.” It is reported that Litvinov made a poor impression on the sub- committee, but that the British continue op- timistic. * %k % Xk United States of America.—I take it that I should be absolutely impartial in allotting my space. So alming. I find that the domestic news must yield precedence to more im- portant foreign matters. We have no domestic happenings to record so interesting to the angels as Rathenau’s murder or the Irish civil war or The Hague negotiations. We are to congratulate ourselves therefor. Despite the threat of a strike of more than a million rail- road men (400,000 were ordered out yester- day): despite the continuance of the coal miners’ strike (there's a light in that quarter, however, through the President's friendly in- tervention): despite a bumper crop of Ford cars; despite the prospect of anarchy opened up by the Willlamson county. IIL, episode; despite insurgency in the republican party and this or that little drawback or contre- temps, we're doing nicely, thank you, com- pared with the rest of the world. - Committee of Eminent Physicians Hard at Work Providing Hospitals for Disabled Service Men R. WILLTAM WHITE of Pittsburgh is a modest, unassuming physi- cian who slips in and out occasionally to his Little has in the ex- veterans' hospitals—a CHARLES[ Which will be turned over to the Veterans Bureau. A number of projects aiready heen_completed and turned Veterans' Bureau, vill be completed during the next two weeks, it was learned, to make a Washington Shaping to Become have | more will be fin over- to enough more Among the total of ten complete: five more will be finished during the summer; three f!hed later, and two additional sites are to be chosen in New York and Pennsylvania. projects hands are those at Fort Logan Roots, at Little Rock. Arl Washington; Alexandria, La. changing - |ico; Perryville, Md.; New York, some of which is alread: occupied by Veterans' Bureau patient Co-Operation Is Established. Fort Mc- Kenzie, Wyoming; Fort Walla Walla, Whip- ple Barracks, New Mexico: Lake City. while others soon to be turned include: Fort Bayard. New Mex- Rutland, Mass, and part of a hospital in the Bronx. The work of the White committee the Nation’s Business Capital (Continued from First Page.) ) dustry. Agaln, legislative prob- Without press agent or press re- ttee of scientific experts smaller : ed of studying hospital needs| [PCUC, the wisest Co-operating with the supervising Clifford's office, which has the architect’s office, Dr. hotels. Twenty Projects on Hand. The so-called White committee and Treasury have on hand, the The public health service, which of disabled when by ex- Harding order, President in as well as responsibility ' imity of should be vested in the responsible for the mplicated gituation it aaia e cob:e“ molt'\mu!\lll’ i ‘been some friction, in of opinion of various edical and other authorities in Attacks Have Beem Numerous. There have been numerous attacks, Answers have been made to But the White committee, which ti July As vey of the needs of the entire nation,] morrow. consulted with numerous organisa<| ~The four tions interested. and . completéed| general pre in the frequent t of new hotel Two eight- hostelries being answered press announcement projects in this city. or-nine-million are the latest enterprises of this nature reml’le{?. fanaf ait on: 3 o or about to be Real estate investors are It is safe to as- numerous under way forward-looking. ] sume that Washington's future as a convention center had no insig- nificant part to play in the con- slderation of plans for these new One of the proposed hotels is to have more than one thousand rooms, According to its bulilders. Another boasts of five hundred. Construction of a 350-room hotel is nearing completion. other hotels with apartment fea- tures are going up in the center It is estimated that within a year or so Washington will be able to offer more than hotel rooms to of the city. 2,000 adalitional the transient public. Local business and civic asso- clations are pointing out these facts to every national organiza- tion holling annual conventions. A “selling argument” that needs but little emphasis is the prox- the governmental work , with the opportunity of o to-face with fed- eral officials having to do with in- FOSTMASTER GENERAL TO CELEBRATE HIS 62D BIRTHDAY AT HIS DESK Postmaster General ,Work will celebrate his sixty-second birthday anniversary tomorrow by working all day, at the same time according most of the 2,000 employes of the Post Office Department an extra holiday that day. ; Verbal instructions were sent _around by Dr. Work to reléase from work Monday all employes “that can be spared,” so tl conferring face- lems may be viewed at close range and better understandings and Treasury officials has been car- ried forward through the expenditure of moneys appropriated under the so- called first Langley, bill. which pre- ceded and Is sepaFate from the so- called sceond Langley bill, appro- priating $17,000,000 for veterans' hos- reached by personal contact with the legisiators In the way of en- tortainment. the attraction of the capital’s beauty and its imposing and historical sights is an im- portant factor. | * K K X Business representatives are recognizing these salient features without coercion. A concrete evidence “of this is the fact that many of the big trade associa: tions are going u step further by establishing here their national headquarters. The Chamber of Commerce of the United States, ~| the National Lumber Manufac- turers’ Assoclation, the Assotiated Contractors of America and sev- are Several eral other organizations are among the leaders in this connec- tion. Viewed from the above angles, ‘Washington should develop before long into a joint home of the United States government and of American- business. It is true that one cannot sup- plant the other. President Hard- ing has been quoted as standin for “less government in busine: and more business in govern- ment” There can be no doubt, however, that business and .gov- ernment should work together for the national good, and with ‘Washington's aid, the two ac- tuaily will toil side by side. HOUSE LOST 9 DAYS IN SECURING QUORUMS, CHECK-UP DISCLOSES Nine full working days were “Kkilled” by the House since Decem- ber, in, rounding up & quorum to transact public business, Representa- tive Farner, acting democratic lead- er, declared in a statement after a check-up of the Congressional Rec- ord. “There have been 109 mo quorum calls during the second session,” said t prac- the de- pitalization, which will be expended by the Veterans' Bureau. In the completion of the White committee work, 2lthough there have been at times sharp differences of opinion, particularly over the con- tract system as opposed to the “pur- chase and hire” system of construc- tion, most of the ‘misunderstandings have been ironed out, it is unde: stood, and there is now co-operation between officials on all hands en- gaged in completion of soldier hos- pitals. Col. Forbes, director of the Veter- ans’ Bureau, who is a contractor Ly profession, is pushing his end of the work and has declared he will have 11 new hospitals operading inside of ght months. The federal board of hospitaliz: tion, which is_still anotaer bod headed by Brig. Gen. Sawyer, the President's personal physician, has been acting in advisory capacity to the President in hospitalization mat- ters, and through its widely repre- sentative personnel from Army, Na public health, Veterans' Bureau, et has been an arbiter in the matter o soldiers’ hospitals. Hospital Accommodations. The $18,600,000 will furnish, it has been planned by the White committee, 6,169 beds, of which 3,005 will be for tubercular patients; 2914, neuropsy- chiatic, and 250, general. About two and a half million dollars will- benefit the national homes for disabled Volunteer soldiers, under the auspices of the Army, through additions to hospitals at Marion, Ind.; Dayton, Ohio, and Milwaukee, Wis. The White committee was ap- pointed by Secretary Mellon, following the passage of the Langley bill in March, 1921, and the transfer of funds 1o the Treasury. The committee con- sists of Dr. William Charles White of Pittsburgh, Dr. Frank Billings of Chi- cago, Dr. George H. Kirby of New York, Dr. John B. Bowman of Pitts- burgh. And advisory committee was then chosen consisting of Dr. Thomas W. Salmon of New York gity, Dr. H. A. Pattison of New Y T. B Kidner of New York and Col. Charles M. Pearsall of Dayton, Ohio. 1y all the employes of Mr. Garper. “Twenty-five minutes NAVY OFFICERS ASSIGNED. ORGANIZING THE COUNTRY TO ENCOURAGE AVIATION, Admiral Fullam Explains Purpos,es." and Plans of the National Aeronautical Association. : opinion of Admiral W. F. Fullam, the war, training ntations. tional Aeronautic Association, quarters of which are located herc. tirement, commander of the Pacific fleet during and former commander of the Great Lakes and Newport naval The admiral has just returned from an extensive tour of the country in behalf of the Na- head- Admiral Fullam, who, since his re- has been devoting practi- cally all of his time to the develop- ment of a commercial air force tor HE increasing popularity of the ;dent of the club, announced a reor— airplane and the recognition of its value in peace and war does not mean that the na- tion's Army and Navy should be re- duced to & minimum strength, in the this country, visited fifteen key cities with the object of impressing the people in general tance of promoting practical ness, tio: reserve air force ‘in time of war. For “Fhree Plane Navy.” “Air power may dominate next war,” the admiral “but this does not mean because of this fact. Not at all. ter is provided. A navy and merchant marine are absolutely necessary to “with the impor- busi- commercial and sensible avia- as a means of transportation improvement and also as an adequate|in an advisory and transport air power to ofir foreign possessions the Philippines, Guam, Samoa, the Canal Zone, Virgin Islanas and Porto Rico. “This means that we must have a ‘three-plane Navy'—in the air, on the surface and beneath the surface. After the ten-vear naval holida; revaiuate the weapons on ‘planes,’ for at the end of that time we can these it may be that the present types of fighting sea craft may be changed in design. But, must Keep the Navy we have, manned, organized and ready for instant war. The admiral first became interested in the future of aircraft as a deter- mining factor when a fleet of 200 planes circled over his fleet in San Francisco harhor. Later he witnessed the bombing exhibitions off the Atlan- tic _coast last yvear, and his convic- tions as to the value of aircraft in time of war were greatly augmented with the exhibition given of the night bombing of the old Alabama and also the Ostfriesland. On Tour of the Country. Since last January, when at the an- nual meeting of the Aero Club of America, Benedict Crowell, former as- sistant secretary of war and presi- lons of water a day, or $37.560 a year, and a saving in salaries and wages amounting to at least $56.516.60 per | vear are among the economies to be effected through hooking up the gov- ernment printing office and the Washington city post office with the Capitol power plant for light, heat and power. This is authorized in the third de- ficiency appropriation_bill. upon the recommendation of Public Printer Carter and Architect Woods of the Capitol. to rehabilitate the Capitol power plant to carry the double load is s ,000. Public Printer Carter testi- fi that it would cost $157.000 to re- ermép the government printing of- fice’ plant to operate independently of the Capitol plant. Architect Woods said it would cost $135,000 or $140,000 to fix up the Capitol plant even if it was not going to serve the govern- ment printing office also. Advantages of Plan. The advantages and economies that will be obtained by the govegnment printing office in making thé con- nections with the Capitol power plant are as follows: The boiler and engine room equip- ment are now in such condition that a large expenditure of money would be necessary to place it in satisfac- tory operating condition, and even then some of the machinery would require constant attention and care to keep it up to the highest effi- ciency. Tt is almost impossible to operate any power plant without making some smoke, and the dismantling of the government printing office plant will _eliminate the smoke nuisance in that neighborhood, which is par- ticularly _desirable because of “the close proximity of a school building. A saving of at least 1.200,000 gal- to the District, and at 10 cents per thousand this will mean a saving to the District of $120 a day, or $37,560 per vear, based on 313 working da: By adding that load to the Capitol power plant the 'latter will have a steadier and more (uniform load throughout the day and night, and undoubtedly will be able to reduce the cost of current per kilowatt hour to a very appreciable extent—an economy for several branches of the government service which are now supplied from the Capitol plant. The government printing office is very much cramped for space and a ditional storage for material !s badly needed. The dismantling of the boiler room plant will afford this very much needed space. Such a connection will result in con- siderable economy on the pay roll of the government printing office. The operating expenses of the entire en- Zineer's section, including steamfit- ters and plumbers, is $315.48 per da. Shutting down the electric genera ing plant and leaving the plant still in operation temporarily for heating purposes the expense wiil Dbe $226.34 per day. If the entire plant is shut down and the big government printery gets both steam and electric current the expense will day. ‘As the power plant operates con- tinuously. including Sundays and hol- jdays, these figures can be multiplied | | by 365 to obtain the savings in a vear. 1t should be noted that the difference in the number of employes working on Sundays and holidays will be off- | set by the increased pay allowed those who must work on these days. Full Service Intended. The total savings in salaries and $32,546.10 if electric current only is lons of water per day will be made. steam boiler | in the meantime, we i Big Capitol Power Plant Shows Way to Economy and Efficiency The amount appropriated | money saving. | ganization and expansion moveme Ixn the form of the National Aeronaue tic Association, the admiral, together with ollherl who are interested in Ameri#a's future in the air. has tak. en an undivided interest in the work. May 1 he left Washington for the purpose of organizing air boards the principal cities of the south and west, and his {tinerary included At- Antonio, Los Angeles, Pasadena. San Francisco, Oakland, Portland. Seattle Spokane, 'Minneapolis. Chicago, De- troit and Cleveland. In all of these cities, the admira) said, business men. clubs and civil organizations are alive to the potentialitiex of commercial flying and “are enthusiastic in their efforts to advance aeronautics in full life as a knife that cuts hoth ways— an element useful in peace and abs lutely necessary in war." These air boards. which will become a part of the National Aeronautic As- sociation, will be composed of com- mittees from the Rotary, Kiwani Civitan, Lions and other nation; clubs as well as organizations inte; ested in aviation. The hoard will act city to the mayo council of f ¥: will see tha the city it represents is placed on the alrways map, and will work for gen- in the|eral development of commercial ani prophesied, that we should cut down our Army and Navy We must not swap horses in the middle of the stream. The airplane is a new and valuable weapon, but we cannot throw away one weapon until a bet- civic flying in its community To Organize fn September. In September representatives of these boards and of the nine aern- nautic districts which correspond to the Army corps areas will gather i Detroit at the time the internationa! Pulitzer trophy airplane races will be held. elect officers and permanentiy adopt the tentative consititution and by-laws. Admiral Fullam and others interested in the association empha size that the organization scheme of the association is such that no in dividual or commercial group can ge control for private or financial pro motion. Speaking of the country-wide or ganlzation campaign, Admiral Fullan: said: “The practical method of or- zanization i8 to form civil organi zations in each corps aera of th United States Army, 80 that the Army organizations may co-operate with business aviation, which will be ma- terially helpful. In the event of war the business organizations in each corps area will come right into the Army and Navy or both as a reserv: with skilled pilots. “These pilots will simply take our the mail, passengers and light mer- chandise ‘and put in bombs, torpedoes and mines. In other words, a com mercial plane, broadiy speaking, over night will be ready tn aitack a my off our coast With a powerful air force, alliec with submarines. mines and torpedoes we are absolutely safe from invasion But the surface fleets must be main tained to carry these forces and ma- terial to our foreign possessions.” The saving of at least 1.200,000 gal- |ernment printing plant through removai of its power plant—not only on account of the present dangerous condition of the boilers, but through .lessening the fire hazard. There have been repeated complaints against having a big power plant such as has been operating at the government printing office in the center of a very populous neighborhood ard across the street from a large public school. This is an excellent illustration of the practical and efficienteconomics that can be effected in the government service, the government getting im- proved service with a very considerable It was made possibie by hearty co-operation between ~ the public printer and the architect of the Capitol. SUPPORTS CHALLENGER OF MARCONI'S CLAIMS To the Editor of The Star. With much interest I read in The Evening Star a letter written by H. E. Mack, in which he challenges the right of Marconi to claim the inven- tion of cbmmunication by radio. Mr. Mack’'s citations are substantially correct. 1 wish to call the attention f the Washington public to an rticle headed ‘Wireless tn Venus. which appeared in The Evening Star of June 11, 1911, in which a complete plan of interplanetary communication was proposed, notsmerely as a neb- ulous idea, but as an operative plan. Marconi is now given credit for the invention of the idea of inter- planetary communication because of his announcements about its possi- bilities with Mars. So little did Marconi know about astronomy when he -made his first announcement that he proposed that we could talk to the “stars” by wireless. Even this he did not do until years after the article appeared in The Evening Star and until some time after an amplifi- cation of the original idea was printed in the New York Herald in April, 1914, under the title, “The Co- lumbus of Space.” Both articles were based on & knowledge of the scope of radio forces and a knowledge of astronomy and the reason Venus was chosen in stead of the popular Mars was be- cause the inner planet seems to pos. sess greater possibilities of intelli- gent inhabitation than the one be- tween the earth and Jupiter. As “stars” are really suns, like our own sun, no thought was given to com- munication with them. In The Star and Herald articles it was proposed to initiate communication by the sending of a series of numbers, in- terrupted by definite time spaces. That is, the first day of trial the number one would be sent; the sec- ond day the number two, the third day the number three, until the num- ber nine was reached, when there would be a cessation of sending for a day, and the series then repeated. Language is local, even on earth, but numbers are universal, and a unit from the Capitol.power plant{and its plurals must be known to drop to $147.64 per |any beings on other planets, no m#t- ter what form their languages might take. A single Tepetition of a num- ber, like three, identified as from space, would establish initial com- munication. Perhaps it might be of irterest to reprint the article today. Europeans have developed a great fondness for taking the ideas of Americans and claiming them as their own. Americans are too prome not to_contest this. Marcon is not the only one. Stefans- som, in 1921, sends in an expedition to Wrangel Island to take possession of it wages per vear Wwill be, therefore,|fo; Great Britain wien it had already been taken possession of for the United * obtained by the government printing | gtates in 1881 by W. E. Reynolds, the office, and_$5,516.60 per year if the|pregent commandant . service includes both steam and elec- tric current. of the coast guard. Amundsen calmly appropriate It is the intention to|the Fairfax Nauilty polar flight plan give the full service just as soon as|and does not even go to the trouble the installations and connections can{to work out a different route. Thix me Amundsen, by the way, is the Erml\‘m started at 1 o'clock yester- y on a vacation to extend through glr as_could be ascertained, the Post Office Department is the only .department accordin half-day vacation to Other government workers, after lnlruklns of t.heu‘ _hollday yesterday and a day of hn‘-‘f mhy.y wAll return to work to- t postmasters a clock to Dr. Work: 8 an anniversary Sift. three-and-: its _employes. were reduired/ for each, or a little ‘more than forty-five hours. For an average working day of five_hours this would make nine full days con- sumedq, by getting thé members in the ‘House for business—some record, with a republican majority of ap- proximately 168.” Exclusive of Sundays, the second session ran 179 days. A check of ubl! "1" dulw with sixty- orgf pul eading democrats 42, and socialists 1, bl the Lieuts. Walter E. Morton, John H. Skillman and Tipton F. Woodward, and Ensign George W. Armstrong. Naval Supply Corps, have been re- leved from duty at the supply corps school of application, Navy Depart- ‘ment. Lieut. Morton Is ordered to the U. S, 8. Antares, Lieut. Skillman to the Mare island navy yard, Call Liout. Woodward tg """"ifl. Navy partment, and Ensign strong to mine squadron No. 1, Atlantic fieet. be made. Architect ‘Woods also pointed out will be effected item for transporting coal ernment printin an important one. The Capitol all its ‘coal at plant gets sidetrack and Wi on 14,000 tons of coal a year. still another saving on the cartage of ashes, which amounts to There will be $50 a month. Also taken inte element of additional safety to the gov- =a f the Capitol has|man who ‘discovered’ that another big saving | whalers on coal haulage. The | Beaufort to the gov- & office has been quite | the joke of it Amundsen ever saw it. coneideration was the | thall they insisted on it. wintering comfortably sea when he made his much- udvertised “northwest passage.” was that \ American wer | whalers had been sailing and steaming Beaufort sea as a matter of ordinary ill save all the hauling { whaling work for sixty years before It is about time Americans given some credit for their original re-| search and invention, and about time eleven American in And were, EDWIN FAIRFAX NAULTY. lanta, Birmingham, New Orleans, San - N