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' THE SUNDAY! STAR, 'WASHINGTON, D. © JUNE. 4, 1922—PART 4% - Riches of Distant Colonial Lands PouredSUNDAY AT Out at French Exposition. Grateful Natives of Orient and Africa Transport to Marseille Beautiful Features of Their Own Life, and France Doesn’t Pay a Cent—Boom Busi- ness for Empire. BY STERLING HEILIG. MARSEILLE, May 21, 1922 HE most beautiful sight in the world since the {var is at Mar- seille. 1t is the French colo- nial exposition—a wurprise. 1 had intended to stop off at Mas geille one day and have already stayed a week. I have only begun to ses this grandiose show of the orfent and Africa brought to French citi- 3ens’ doors. 1t will last all summer and late into the autumn Tt is tha French colonies brought to Marseille. you might say, in mina- ture. (Marseille is tha gate of Africa and the orient) You ride outside the big, ugly. busy immediately after the British colo- nial empire, with its 393.000.009 in- habitanis, and ahead of the colanlal dominion of Holland, with its 38 000,000 inhabitants. It is more varied and furnishes a relatively greater market for for- eign trade. The impression that France keeps jealously to herselt these foreign markets is an errur. Here are exact figures: s I nies FORE the war, a little more than half the trade of the French colo- (1,734 million francs of a total lof 3 million franes) was with France. For 1920 the proportion Was exactly half (5.967 million francs out | of 11834 millon franes). In tnis| HE most beautiful sight since be- fore the war! So, I describe this colonial exposition for tourists. 1f there were nothing in it but the re- production of Angkor-Wat, the eulogy would still hold good! Plerre Loti wrote an entire book about the ruined temple of Angkor, riddle of Cambogia, built by a lost people in our middle ages. amid a glorious city. In a day the Siamese sackhed the city, burned it, massa- cred its population. gutted Angkor; and the jungle swallowed up the ruins te this day! There is a fa nating version of it in an English ro- mance, “The Seeds of Enchantment.” Then, if you can stand word painting, tackle Lotl! but never touch the heights without development by cultured specialists, so this strange style of.Timbuctoo is used by the French architect, down there, to build a veritable palace! This is how it is done: The great gate of Timbuctoo 18 vastly enlarged. It is widened and broadened to a noble bullding. “It is architectur of the men of Mars!" folks say. In its clrcling central hall, these motives of another world repeat themselves. Here, around all sorts of rich commercial ‘exhibits (entirely for the business man), West Africa appears in scenes of beauly for the ! scenes, light and shade and color and {uy MORE DREARY OR DESOLATE LOOKING VILLAGE THAN THE OLD TOWN OF TIA JUANA WOULD BE HARD TO FIND ANYWHERE ¥ WOR Another Article in Karl K. Kitchen’s Series ! tourist. In embrasures, set like stage INDO-CHINA BUI MPLE OF AVGKOR-WAR, in one of the new moter taxi city cheap. smart. new, green and white, da ing evervwhere the shady Prado driveway vou In come to a great wooded park—and immedis it is a living vision exntic lands’ O is Indo-China, at the re- ted temple grounds of mysterious Angkor-Wat! It is West Africa, when vou stand inside the walls of Timbuctoo, whose central tow gate is enlarged bevond scale to serve as the palace of the A. O. F. Algiers, in the shady courts of the Algerian bnilding. sunlight beats upon the fountains. and dark vistas open up. cool, down long corridors, where pink silks shot with gold glow under marble arches \\'H\' it const T It is the k of Tunis—tunnels of old masonry that date from the ades. They are but perishable 7 but molded with exactness. every square foot. over the original old walls of the ronfed streets which make the Bazar of Tunis Tt is Moracco, inside what appear to be the walls of Fez—bits of a veri- table old forbidden city which has and nothing nowadays forbidden with natives going about their o ness, vet always ready to answer a business men's questions. For here are two great things 1. 1t is not Coney Island. Put all ideas of a fake scene built for posing motion pictures: Here, the orient has done the work, and Africa. | Itself. it has come on a visit. And these natives are not supers. belly dancers. camel drivers. They are business natives, smart, progperous, with a stake, however small, in the venture! For— 2. The French government has not spent a cent on this magnificent show! All has been worked out, paid for ana put up by the general govern- ments of the French colonies and pro- tectorates, and the business interests which they foster, including importdnt centributions of the municipality and chamber of commerce of Marseille, * % ¥ X on the one hand, and on the USINESS men, native and foreign, other the great administrators—the | men of force and culture who run things over there. It is true they originally appointed from Paris, but they have a free hand to’ work out the interests of their colony, to , spend its money (after having made it!) and enjoy the conRdence, alike, of important natives and foreigners on the spot. So they are able to get all kinds of results. Wo central government in Paris could have put up-a shoW like this. It would not have dared to spend the money. The work would have cost ten times as much. Its results wouid have been ten times less real. Pghaw! This is a show, not of one government, but of ten governinents; youns. flushed with pride and confi- dence, palpitating with energy and riches—the first self-revelation of greater France! Few of .us realize France. Here In a single spot the tourist ,finds the exotic art and curiosities ; ot the 53,000,000 inhabitants of Freach ooloniew in Africa, Madagascar, Indo- Chiaggde Pacific and West Indles. Thiw @reatsr Framce (parts of this greater ‘mmmwunn squility with ‘France of the -main-| . Bemppeen- e, aod-comistion o5 A1 ADEKGRTEH . DING OF THE FRENCH COLONIAL ABOLT of | where the | WHICH PIERRE LOTI WROTE | vear of the exposition (19211922 | | France bought 23.000,000 tons from [her colonies and sold them only !1.-| 000,000 tons—which does not lonk | like dumping, does it? | France has never dumped. She has | | never abused her colonies. She has nourished them with henefits. This is one reason why. now that they are | in luck, they return her generosi in this splendid exposition of their | own making. | 1 have just heard two little stories, |in passing conversation, which show how the wind blows. | We Americans in France feit rich in 1920, when the dollar, for a short time, touched 17 francs. Today it is 10 francs 70! But the plaster of | Indo-China has stend right along. as | |a war consequence, at between 500 | and 600 per cent premium, and the | same is more or less true for other| French colonies. They have been very lucky! | The other tale concerns the won- | | derful hardwoods which are helping to make French West Africa rich. “Could Americans import them | profitably?” I asked. They laughed. “Why, the Bull line steamships, out | {of New York, load regularly with ‘iroco,’ acajou, etc, in a vast busi- ness!” they answered. * ok ok X TTHERE are Amerloans in France who still bring up the old story that American cotton goods lost a | market when France took over Mada- xascar. But they are eareful not to mention modern things, such as| that France's development of moroc- co has furnished the United States a valuable new export field! I knéw it for a fact that in the ta- | blelands of French West Africa—by | the French railroad, above the port of Conakry—fourteen American en- gineers a year ago were prospecting in every direction, and it was not for French interests, as I ascertained. My old friend, Ds. Suzor, who la- bored for three years in vain to es- tablish French war orphans in those healthy garden highlands® (Fouta- Dijalon). where they would grow up proprietors (poor little fellows to miss the chance of it!), found capital immediately (and part of it Ameri- | can) to take up a vast tract for pri- vate money-making enterprises! America, again patronizing Liberia, | is a neighbor of this latter. Conakry is a cosmopolitan port. Dakkar is a veritable French ocity. Native Africans. in white burnous, run motor care, cluck-cluck, into the jungle. On the train up to Fouta-Djalon you pass coquettish little stations, beauti- ful schoolhouses, eourthouses, pre- tectures, hospitals, clinics, chprches and department stores of chain com- pantes: Everywhers France has spent money, built up, fostered education and self-help. And this bread, long cast upon the waters, is returning after many days! What fine men they send out as ad- ministrators! y Gourdon, war_hero, with one arm and one eve, is at the head of public instruction in Indo-Ching. (He rushed home in 1914 to fight.) Gentle, patient, modest, exaoct and deeply erudite, a demon for work, as he was for fighting, Gourdon is one of the chief men at Marseille, in charge of the Indo-Chins palace, which they put up. And what is the Indo-China bpilds ing? ‘Why, it is & marvelous reproduction | as the negro - Marecious pativ B A XPOSITION AT A BOOK, AND WHICH IS ONE OF THE [A MARSEILLE. They have reproduced the een- tral temple, right here at Marseille! It is astounding. Each square foot of its surface is molded in exact facsimile from the original, alas, in th me perishable “staff"—as | swift-constructed, temporary ex- position edifices regulariy must he But this marvel of Angkor! 8o won- dertul, unexpected! Alreadyv, Marseille mourns: Tt cannot last! In a few years the weather will ruin it!” And already, Indo-China, grateful, rich, replies: “Do you desrie to keep {t? All right!" As if the most natural thing in the world, the colony is putting aside 300,000 francs which the great ex- | periment will cost—to eoat the vast edifice three times with & non-perish- able paint! e e GKOR, in the jungle, is a rulned temple. At Marseille, it is the Indo-China building. », the archi- teet has done a remarkable thing. The | original main temple being on a height (three sets of temples lead to s, it by vast st terraces and stone- lined lily ponds), the copy at Mar- seille respects it faithfully, up there. Rut, doing so, the architect has, so to speak, dlig into the hill So, at Marseille, to galn interior space for the exhibits, the main tem- ple rests on vast basement halls, it the same style exact, and molded from a lot of minor temples! Here are riches In the basement (as says Albert Sarraut) the while heauty reposes on them—beauty, his- tory. poetry, mystery, resting on the fundamental products of the land, as should be. With the usual artistic impulse of the French, the exposition is ar- ranged to reproduce the most curious and least-known monuments, art treasures and luxury products of the colonies. Mysterious architecture like that of Anglgor fs put before the eyes of citizens not likely to visit the original site. It is the same for sumptuous Woven stuffs, furniture, jewels and semi- jewels, bric-a-brac, food products and the rest. Here are wines from Mount Lebanon, cloth-of-gold and sil- ver-and-rose silks from Beyrouth, and furs from the highlands of Syria! Here is a new musical instrument from Madagascar—seasoned wood and vaguely like a xylophone, but sving flutelike tones—which bids fair to make sensation in the West- ern world! Here—and here—but space, space, space, space! * x ok x g art, from artizsans to from strange music to strange perfumes, not even Coney Island’s cloying triumphs in the “show” line can spoil for you, by their remembrance, the genuine which you see at Marseilie. The novel thing is dona for the firat time. Exotic folks and things have not been brought; they've come. After Angkor, the' artistie triumph comes from poor dark Africa! Didn't I tell you, the whole thing is a sur- prise? Tg compose the building of the colony of French West Africa, and to inclose its grounds. the archi- tect has take—what do you think?— the wajls of Timbuctoo! Timbuctoo the mysterious! But hers the colonlts take up the whits man's burden, Whlle payiag all honor where honor is surely dus Just melodies and rag have .gnhl all’theirows, Rs to livin dancers, | | IT IS A REPRODUCTION OF THE FAMOUS RUINED WONDERS OF THE ORIENT. perspective all unite in consummate panorama effects. In the grounds, outside, the walls of Timbuctoo surround real African life, backed by facsimile in “staff" and | scene painting in the distance. Over there, away off, is Mount Tomba. Nearer is the jung Do not try to walk to eithér. You would never reach them! But, here, in be- tween, are real lake dwellers. You can visit them, primitive Africans, who have never personally known other residence, and whose folks lived like this since neolithic days! * x ox x NOW. skip 50.000 years. We're in “V theiron age, around the corner. Here are native smelte here the iron smithc who makes knives, plows, spearheads. Here is the indigo dver, here the handmills of millet. Skip to ultra-modern days, first al- ley to the left! We're up against the motion picture theater of Timbuctoo itself. Deserted (one can fancy) by the natives, is the neighboring Ju-ju house. Can its black magic prevafl against the movies’ white? Rubbing shoulders with all this, and more, the colony shows you Its worthy native artisane, in honorable prominence. Look at the ekill of these men with their cunning mar- quetry work, o deft and exact, in polished hamiwoods! Now, this art is all thelr own. And see these dyed stuffs, not the everyday blue cotton, but of colors that were bright when Pharach was @ baby, that remain un- fading while the tissue lasts, dyes that have been remembered while the world grew old! They' are not coal-tar stuff from German factories. They are dyes for poor, cheap negroes, and for the rich cultured folks who love unfading beauty! 1 have called it “the most beautiful sight since before the war’ One of the beautiful traits, surely, of this colonial exposition is the way in which the French administrators put dark Africa up front, to let its hum- ble people show their merits. So 1 have been led to trail my story Ikewlise, . 1 could not pass Angkor. But 1 have neglected happler colonies and richer exhibits, all here, spread gloriously, in the ovation of greater France! Interesting Tunnel. AR unusual method of construction was employed for the Michigan Central tunnel under the Detrolt river. Instead of boring a hole under the river and lining It with masonry or Iron, the tunnel was b\it in sec- tions at a shipyard in St. Clair and fioated down the 8t. Clalr river and across St. Clair lake to the place in the Detroit river where it was ddésired to run trains acros A trench had already been dredged into the bottom of the river and the tunnel section in case was sunk into the trench and ineased with enough cement to hold it down. Each end of each séction was, of course, plugged to keep out the water, and as a new section was sunk its ends were bolted to the ends of the section al ready in place. Each section is steel tube 360 feet long and twenty- three feet and four Inches In dlam- eter. Ten of these were laid in the trench in the river bottom, making & total subaquedus length for the tunnel of mére than 3800 fest. The total length of the excavation, ia- cluding ' the land spproaches, was JUANA D> THE BY KARL K. KITCHEN. F you expect to read about beau- tiful dark-eyed senoritas, =stal- wart soldiers in brilliant uni- forms, bewitching dances and popping! corks because the title of this story suggests “a bit of quaint old Mexio,” let me warn you before you begin that you will be dirap- pointed. For what I am going to set forth areifacts. And the facts about Tia Juana,are very different from the fiction that\has been printed about it. about fit. Before 1 visited Tia Juana I pic- ! tured it in my mind's eye as an exotic ASrmn!s?' city, studdéd with foudtains and palm trees and brimming over with life and gayety. I pictured its beautiful strects thronged with lovely ladies in picturesque mantillas, bands playing In the plaza and fat padres basking in the amblent epring sun- shine. In fact, I could almost hear snatches of passionate Spanish songs amid the clinking of glasses in the great cafes. And [ pictured to myself how I would join the eager crowd of well dressed Americans in the Casino, where roulette was the only game This is how 1 pictured Tia Juana And before 1 tell you what I found let me advise you to remain away from it if vou want (o ureserve your illusions. But as it {5 my belief that it is best to know the worst, I'll earry on i Picture the cheapest looking “movie set” of a frontier to seen in 2 wild weat picture, with the main street lined with “honk-a-tonks" and saloons, and with ragged peons and slovenly Mexican soldiers loung- ing on its sidewalks—and you have a close of Tia Juana. A more dreary and desolate looking village than “the old town of Tia Juana” would he hard to find any- where in the world. Its one and two story frame hufldings are of the flim- | sieet construction. Its Mexican in- | habitants are of the most forlorn | variety of the genus “bum.” And its | soldiers—they're the higgest laugh I've had on the coast. * ¥ o* x WEE you've ever the Mexican government maintains a military establish- ment at Tia Juana is a mystery There is nothing here 1o protect— {n fact, nothing that any one would accept as a gift without a protest And T doubt if the &oldiers would even be any good at running. Those I saw were practically barefooted. Their uniforms were In rags. Far be it from ma to cause interna- tional complications—to bhreak up the friendship between sister republics | and all that sort of thing by setting forth the facts about the Mexican military establishment at Tia Juana But even a “cocoanut rider” like Bill | Hart could go down there and cha the entire army over the hill with his | {unloaded revolver—ana his &tiff upper | lip. The only drawback to such a proceeding would be the uninteresting ride back. There ara not more than four or five straggling blocks of houses in all Tia Juana. And they are nothing but a succession of gin mills, dives and honk-a-tonks, run by Americans. There is practically no native popu- | latfon. The town depends on one- day tourists for its prosperity. I say “one-day tourists” advisedly. Any one who has been there once never returns. Why. then, you ask, is Tia Juana worth writing about? And I hasten to answer: Because it is the nearest and most accessible spot wheres Amer- icans can buy a drink without hr(-ak-] ing the law. i That's the only excuse for Til! Juana—there’'s no reason for its ex- | istence. Tia Juana is just across the divid- ing line between Mexico and Call- tornfa—some sixteen miles from San Diego. As Mexico’is legally wet and as passport formalities have long since been abolished, it is not sur- prising that a good many thousand thirsty Americans visit it daly. laws have made * * X o for the JR prohibition Tia Juana a mecca thirstily inclined, who elither want to avoid the high prices demanded by bootleggers or do their drinking within the law. There is nothing but the drinking facilities to recom- mend Tia Juana. Tt has other attrac- tions, of course, but I can only warn you against them. First and foremost of these other attractions is the race track. The Tia Juana Jockey Club, an American antarprise, provides more than a hun- dred days of racing every year. But it 1= the last place in the world wherey a sane person would think of risking his money. Not that the races are crooked. I wouldn't assert that, al- though I've never known of a track where there wasn't a jookeys' ring. But it {8 impossible to make any money at Tia Juana evén if one is lucky enough to pick a svinner now and then. The odds are always against you. This, of course, does not prevent thousands of well heeled Americans | doltars | Mexican from visiting the track and betting thelr money on the chariot racers that run here. On race days the roads between San Diego and Tia Juana are crewded Wwith automobdils and motér busses, and, in addition, through rabe trains difect to the trask are run frem Lea Angeles, mare than four hours sway. £ of “Coast Close-Ups—Do Not Expect “‘a Bit of Quaint Old ! fexico™ if You Visit There, for You Will Be Disappointed—Its Onlyl Excuse Is That it Is the Nearest Place Where Americans Can Buy a “BEFORE I VISITED TIA JUANA 1 AS AN Drink Within the Law { PICTURED IT IN MY MIND'S EYE EXOTIC SPANISH CITY.” game of chance at present. The gov- ernor of Lower California stopped all the gambling excent at the race track | several monthe ago. However, the hookfes and pari-mutuels can strip any one of all he has. Even a Mexi- can governor cannot ask for more than that. * % ok * S('xh,u’ is the biggest day of the | week here. It is then that one can mee Tia Juana at its best—or worst—according to the point of view. The most important racing events, naturally, take place at this time and it I8 not unusual for 10,000 Americans to swarm over the border for a “day of sport.” I never saw §0 many motors park- ed anywhere as I saw noon T motored over from San Diego And as two long race trains from Los Angeles pulled in just as I arrived, there was a big crowd at the track entrance. No tickets are sold to the meete—every one has to drop the admission price in American silver in huge cnin hoxes at the turnstiles—with the result that sev eral change booths are kept busy. money is no good in Tia Juana except at the local port office And even there Mexican stamps are sold for coins of the U. §. A. There wera nine races the Sunday afternoon I spent at the Tia Juana Jockey Club, but after betting $20 on & winner and only cashing in $25 and seeing the polite way the horses ran T moon deserted the grandstand and sought the “old town.” The “old town™ of Tia Juana is a mile or more from the race track. And if one is not anxious to wet one’s motor from the parking space there are jitneys that jolt one over for a quarter. But unless one has a terrible thirst its cafes offer no attractions. I ventured in one of the most pre- tentious establishments in the main street. Three or four tough-looking customers were drinking with sev- eral battle-scarred members of the fair sex, while a sad-eved girl sang a song hit of before the war. A dirty | Mexican waiter brought me a bottie of beer and asked me if I would like to buy & drink for the singer. When I told him that T was a ywoman hater he returned with a large saucer bear- ing the sign, “Don't forget the kitty."” 8o I obliged. But, despite the fact that the beer was very good, I left béfore the sad-eyed singer attempted another song. * ok ® ¥ STRAL\'S of music that were wafted from another “honk-a-tonk” di- rected my footsteps there. But one look at the motely gathering on its dance floor was enough. The place reeked with commingled odors of stale beer and cheap perfume. In my haste o redch the open air I stumbled over the Sunday | I One of my reasons for visiting “the | old town” was to wrap myself ahout some food. 1 had looked forward to | a deticious Spanish luncheon picturesque vine-covered restaurant: ‘Yr\r being a dangerous optimist I had [ pictured myself quaffing the bottled {laughter of Therian peasants to the in a | tinkling of Spanish guitars. The only restaurant at Tia Ju |was a lunch counter and the only | Spanish dish T could find on its fiy sperked menu was chile con carne I have often caten chunks of ruh- ber tires for lobster a la Newburgh: | T have had Welsh rarebits that tasted foot baths, and I have been served with salads that contained a |little of everything except coffee grounds. But never have T had any- | thing quite as awful as tnis bowl ot | chile eon carne in old Mexico. One | mouthful of it would be casus belii |anywhere. Two mouthfuls would | make a life-long pacifist bellicose. | “How about some Tia Juana | chicken?" asked the waiter. And in | sheer desperation I ordered it moment later 1 was served with a { ‘hot dog”—a long, red frankfurter stuck into a roll. It was the best Tia Juana had to offer. so I ate it and liked it. H * x k x PUSHED on to the Casino, whick |+ adjoins the track, but except for its long bar, which was functioning perfectly, it had no charms for me. The roulette tables were deserted and the only acfivity that I could discov- er—aside from elbow raising—was at a posteard counter. where a score of | vorite tourist pastime of making the postman peevish. Here, at Jeast, was | something Mexican— the postage stamps. The sixth race had been run before |1 returned to the grandstand, where 1 met some of the officials of the jockey club. They gave me the usual 'You should have heen here last Sun- day” line of talk and suggested that 1 return the following Sunday, when the Governor of Lower California would be here. One of them assured me that any whisky I bought in Tia Juana was above suspicion, as the jockey club had bought several thou- sand barrels of real stuff before pro- hibition. But this good news did not jibe with the explanation why the price of drinks had been increased from 25 to 35 cents. “The duties are =0 high—the Mexi- can officials are such grafters—that {we've had to raise the price of our liquor to make any money,” said a mecond race track official, who had not overheard the other's story. 1 was for leaving at the end of the sevanth race—in order to avoid some of the heavy trafic on the way back the unshod feet of & gallant soldier 62| to San Diego. But my ocompinions R army, but.‘he mever | would mot hear of it.’ They tasisted o8 against Al Americans were indulging in the fa- | the long bar in the Casino and let nature take its cours | 1f vou believe that true happiness comes from the inside, You may sup- ply a happy ending to this mournful {tale. It's bevond me to do so. | The “Little Fish.” | \JOST persons are suspicious of the | *'7 sardine. because in their minds it | means nothing more than “little fish.” | There is a vague notion that a cer- | tain kind of littie fizh ix indicated by | the name on the can Having no data the subject. the consumer par- takes of the contents of the can. and though emjeying the “lirtle fish’ 1 to remark that perhaps they are not sardines Prior 1880 pienic parties froi- | icked and lunched as best they could | without the accompaniment of canned Tikely 10 \slrdln!n While the industry in this | popular fond began in France the word “gard i derived from the Island of Sardipla. & ' is used in modified form throughout most Eu- | ropean countries. “Sardine” was the first of Latin names 1o be used among Anglo-Saxons for the ring. The | figh was known to the Greeks the technical sardine is not & soung of the There w grown fish. but the | tul | pilchard. clupea pilchardus | have hesn some imitations. perhaps substitutions” is the better word The Norwegian brisling. clupea spratue. of the same family. but of & | girerent species. is the same fieh as | the English sprat with the variations brought on by environment The sprat has many points in cem- ing herring and the and thereby has he- use of the afore- ith the mon young pilcha | come the innocent ¢ | eid sugpicion. The suspicion is well | grounded. The sprat is mot a sar- | dine. Through no fault of its own. | the Sprat poSsesses a rough and | somewhat spiny development along the lower nr ventral edge. the pil- 'l"'al’d and the hrring being compa- in the can, dressed and preserved in oil. the distinction between young pilchar and young | herrings is not conspicuous. In the pilchard the size nf the scalsg 18 Te tively larger. The pilchar has the | inalienable right to be caliyd sardine. | ratively smooth Seeing in Colors. At 3 meeting of the section ef | ophthalmology of the Roval Soeiety | of Medicine, held on March 10, & dis- cussion on colored vision was QP!HEJ by P. G. Dovne, F. R. C. S, who pointed out that colored vision was associated with 2 variety of eondi- tions, physical and pathological. the most generally familiar form being perhape, that following exposurs 1o snow. or that which may appear 1o those who have had cataractous lenses removed. Work Dodd had de- seribed a state of green vision in a I man the subject of tabes dorsalis, and in the next volume he presented re- cords of thirteen cases of the condi- tion. In the discussion that followed M S. Mayon described & case of colored driver. who dared not take hik cab out at night. as he saw approaching light= as & red wall and could nof discern whether lights were ap- proaching or receding. Nothing wrong was found in the fundus. but probably thers was<®present some arteriosclerosis He was about fifty vears of age. He became much bet- ter in four months and resumed | work. Leslie Paton said tabe seemed oftan 1o have had green | vision, but no caser of red vieion in | subjects of thix disease were on re- | cora. | The president, Tir. James Tavlor, | sald that some patients with optic atrophy saw a pale blus miet in times | of twilight. Frank Juler referred 1o {a case of a medical man whe five | months after a cataract operation | had purple vision. The patient him- | seif, who at one time was a professor of physiology, suggested that the phenomenon was due to a change induced In the reaction of the visual purpie by the excess of biood which got in; that there might be some &1s- turbance of the vitreous which acted chemically upon the retina | Peril in Scrubbers. Dr. Andrew Wylie of the Lonasn Throat and Ear Hospital calls atten- tion in the Lancet to a new domestic danger. He has had several cases lately in which pleces of wire were found in the throat and larynx, owing to cooks cleaning kitchen utensils with a steel serubber. The scrubber consiats of steel shavings rolied into 2 ball. In course of time pieces of stes] get detached and. being very emall and almost coloriess, escape the eook's notice and are served with the *00d. Rapid Tanning. A METHOD which is £aid to bb very rapid for use with all kinds of hides has been brought out in Europe by an ltalian investigator and con- sists in the use of a suitable tanning solution whose strength is consider- ably higher than usual. The solution is brought into & chambér under pres- sure and is applied to one side of thi Ride to be treated while the other & of the hf r‘nflm the action of vacuum or is Simply kept at stmos.