Evening Star Newspaper, November 11, 1921, Page 4

. PERSIA SENDS MESSAGE WHERE REPRESENTATIVES OF WORLD POWERS ] HONORING U. S. SOLDIER |USE OF PAN-AMERICAN BUILDING FULFILLING ITS GREAT PURPOSE REY SEESDISASTER * NOTHERS QeCUPY " PLACE OF HONCR Escorted to Madison Square Garden to Hear Burial Service of Unknown. SERVICE MEN FORM GUARD Infentrymen, Blnejukefi and Ma- Tines Accompany 1,000 Wear- i ers of Gold Star. NEW YORK, November 11.—A little army of gray-haired women—New York's gold star mothers—marched this morning to Madison Square Gar- den te sit for an hour in the seats of honof and Ifsten while the un- known soldier body, symbolizing all the so! hey gave to thelr coumtry, was l1aid to rest with a nation’s hemage ht Arlington cemetery. The mothers,.more -than 1.000 of them, were escarted by a guard of honor mjade up of infantrymen. blue- jackets and. marines. For them, and for thein alone, had reats béen re- served in the great hall which long before /their coming had begun to fill with citizens from every walk of life, reverently, eager Yo follow the Arling- ton mervides through the telephonic amplifying devices. Program Precedes Rite: An Wour’s prégram of music and ad- dresses within.the garden was sche uled to precede the Arlington cere- eodofe Roosevelt, t- of the nawy, Wwi se- lected to preside and Martin W. Lit- tlston te @eliver the principal oration, . talking over ,a local circuit through the amplifiers. A chorus of 1,500 school ¢hildren was present to lead in the singing.of patriotic hymns. Ma; business houses throughout the city dbserved the day as a holi- day and 11 were requested to sus- pend activities for two minutes be- ginning at noon and devoie the pe- riod to 'prayer and meditation. Every. wheel Gf “the city’s transportation was ordered stopped for this period, and factaries that did not close for the day were sxpected to observe the moment by temporary suspension: Church Bells' Give Sigusl. Tolling church bells were to serve as reminders ‘that the moment desig- nated by President Harding -as a period of nation-wide commemora- tion of the dead and thanksgiving for the success of the cause for which they died impended, “An Americanizatibn parade,” under the auspices of the Veterans of For- eign Wars, was the principal event on the afterncon’s program. More than 20,000 members of military, patriotic and ol organizati¢ns were listed to enter the line of march up 5th ave- nue from Washington Square to 60th street. Armistice day services will be held tonight in scores of churches, and a mass meeting will be "held in Madi- son Square Garden under the auspices of the Central Trades and Labor Council. Speakersvat this meeting will include Samuel Gompers, presi- dent of the American Federation of Labor; Maj. Willlam F. Deegan, state commander of the American Legio: Bishop Mannin Rt. Rev. John Dunn and Rabbi Stephen Wise. NATONS FOLD LS. MUST MOVEFRST Japan on Defensive, China Is‘ Plaintiff and Others- - Would Mediate. BY PAUL SCOTT MOWRER. ©On the eve of the opening of what | formally. Rene Viviani, former pre-|speskers will also will undoubiedly prové to be one of the most momentous international conferences in modern history, the European delegations estimate thel diplomatic situation to be approxf- mately as follows: The United States has the initiative. Japan is already in possession of what It wants, and is on the defen- sive. China will appear in the guise of plaintiff. Britain is anxious to as- sume the role of mediator between the United States and Japan, and so are France and Italy, although all three In° varying degrees incline ob- viously to sympathise with the American position. Such initial pro- posals as are to be made must come from the United States. Three aims, Europeans consider, must be achieved by the United d. Tt mus conference is to suc- Y ‘ obtain agreements rg- specting the limitation of armam®Wt, agreements respecting the far eastern question, and finally- it must secure the ratification of these agreements by the American Senats and Ameri- can public opinion. il ” Land armament is thought to be an| extremely difficult question, out of which no real solution can come at the present time. Naval limitation is thought to be simpler. Britain will seemingly accept equality with the American fleet, and Japan will accept * some proportional basis, for Japan is so close to Asia that any form of pro- portional limitation strengthens Japan relatively in far eastern af- fairs. Naval limitation, however, is recognized to be entirely contingent on a preliminary agreement in far eastern questiol including the ques- tion of the Anglo-Japanese alliance. Jere, Europeans say, is the crux of the whole matter, and until the n turs of the American proposals is known, no opinion can safcly be ex- pressed. Task Is Cemplicated. The assumption that the United States delegation must seek not only agreements which are to America’s in- terest, but agreements which will not conflict with American popular preju- dioes, complicates very greatly, Euro- peans are convinced, the work of the conference. ‘Thus far, foreign delegates have tried in vain to ascertain just what the Unit- ’ o ed States intends to propose. Once the American proposals are Iaid before the conference, nebody, it is intimated, will have the initiative, for the forces, pay- chological and political, unleashed: the subsequent discussions, will: quite beyond the control of any.single power. What the results may be, none can _foretell. i This estimate of the present situa- tion is , it is safe to say, not only by most of the European delegates, but by at least some of the America; closely connected with the conference. BRIAND CALLS ON WILSON Premier Briand called upon former | President Wilson yesterday, but was told that Mr. and Mrs. Wiison were out, _Cards_were left by.A. . Briand,. M. Satrant; M. Berthelot and Pr—Eiratin of the French delega- tion later in the day drove to Mount Verncn, whees M. Briand laid & and flowers @t the. tomb of Geo Washington. %mod lft di! te, formee sador to %l o, w8 2. ited tuu’a-h.- pE 4 Alndre‘.v Ca When the late Andrew Carnegie helped ‘the American republics build the Pan-American building little did he expect that eleven years after its dedication the spacious hall’ of the Americas would seat representatives {of the nations at some of the meet- |Ings to discuss the limitation of | armament. Yet, in his speech at the dedication of the Pan-A can building, April 26, 1916, he said: “One of the chief missions of this !palace should be to draw together ! the diplomats and representative men {of all our republica and enable them |to know each other and lexrn of their earnest desire for the pros- perity of all their neighbors -and |their anxious hope that peace shall ever reign between them. Thus these statesmen _will become lifelong friends to whom may safely be in- trusted the settlement of any inter- national differences that may arise. This, then, is one of the greatest mis- sions of this international meetin] ground in which we are assembled. Nor will its mission be fulfilled until every republic, and, I fondly hope, Canada also included, shall have agreed to lay aside the aword.” High over the heads of the diplo- mats and other represeatatives of the nations who will meet in the great Hall of the Americans, set in the four corners of council room in medallions o; deep reliet, is the significant word Pax Design of Buliding. Representing twenty-one Amstioan republics, the structural lines of the t ar American Lat! n. It rep- a combimation of the classtoal renaissa; and ish noe, Albert Kelsey and Paul P, Cret of Philadelphia and chosen from »ev- {enty-eight designs considered. The white marble bullding, situated near the front of a five:acre tract and ca'g"" a whole “FIN. i» Img e rough & formal entrance garden set ‘with pebbled walks and bordered in low shrubs and hedges. Broad, low steps lead to three monumental doors of bromze and glass, grilled with decorative fronwork and flanked on either side by statuary groups repre- senting North and South America. Entering, one first nxgu into a-lofty veatibule from which lead reception tooms, and, continuing, leaves North America behind. A typical Latim American patio or garden ocourtyard confronts one. The atmosphere, es-‘ sentially tropical, is maintained throughout the year. In summer the great sliding roof of glass is rolled back under the eves of the adjacent | roofs of twin staircases which lead on | either side to the balcony, surround- ing the patio and the assembly rooms EAGUE APPROVES ARMS CONFERENGE Formal Report Ranks Parley Second to Germany’s Disarming. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. The principles adopted and the agreements made at Presideni Hard- ing’s conference on the limitation of jarmament may be applied to all the other nations of the globe through the medium of the league of nations. A point of contact between the; leagus, Which has more than. forty {nations within Iits jurisdiction, and the conference of principal allied and associated powers called by Mr. Harding, has been established in- 4 | | l mier of France and member of the| French delegation to the Washington! conference, has brought with him the reports and conclusions reached by the commission on armament appoint- etd by the league of nations and of which he is chairman. League Approves Nam Far from regarding Mr. Harding's project as a rival affair, the league formally expresses its approval of the initiative of the President of the United States and promises him co- operation. “Next in lmportance to the disarm- ament of Germany, says the league's formal repoet, ‘comes the proposal of President Hardin, hat a conference should meet at shington to dis- fuss disarmament and settlement of the political problems of the Pa- cific.” The league of Nations, which exists for the purpose of securing in- ternational concord, naturally wel- comes with great satisfaction the in- jitiative of President Harding. ! “The limitation of maval armament, which will be one of the principal problems dlscussed at the conference at Washington, can, indeed, be most effectively secured by a common agree- ment between the powers. It is earn- {estly to_ be hoped that this conference will be fruitful, and that the reduction of the land armaments on the conti- nent of Europe will be supplemented by an understanding relating to the redugtion of naval armament. League’s Atms Unaccomplished. “When the covenant of the league was framed it contemplated a situa- tion in which all nations were mem- bers of a single leagus and bound to one another by the common purpose of maintaning peacs throughout the globe. It assumed that all nations would be at pea¢e with one another, and that the world would have settled down to a position of stabllity after the convulsions of the great war. It is needless to say that these conditions have so far only been realized in part. “Three great powers, one of them actually and the other potentially o immense military importance, s outside the league, an United States, Germany and Russia do not participate In our soclety, great difficulties confront the common adop- tion by its members of a plan for the | systematic and progressive reduction of armaments or for & full, frank and unreserved communication of mili- tary informnation.. Neither have we reached " a period of etabllity. The | states herdering on.the soviet repub- lic are naturally apprehensive of the intentions of their huge and uncer- tain neighbor. The internal situation of the Germs republie s still far from secure. : ‘Progress Already Made. “Nevertheless, it s Important to realize that immense progress has al- ready been made in the direction de- sired. The treatles of peace have im- posed upon certain states precise stipulations concerning disarmament. The execution of these stipulations is in @ fair way of being realized, and will, | hoped, be finally confirmed by the establishment of stable demo- eratic institutions in y. Thus 1 tial MO! be af- of guaran! I joverlooks Y | ends of the hall. LABOR EXPRESSING ¢ Newton A. James, president. 4 tand 80 long as the ib rnegie’s Words Recalled as Service to New 'World Republics Is Extended to Older Nations. above. Exotio southern plants flour- ish within the courtyard, palms, ba- nanas, coffee and other tropical plants_rear their fronds and foliage toward the polyohrome frieze above; squawking, brilliantly colored ma caws and parrots lend to the tropi- cal scene. The patio ll;fivlfl in tile’decorated with metallic figures reproducing old Aztec'and Incan stenes. In the cen- ter an {lluminated Axtec fountain plays, its water falling into a pool be- low where gold fish glide about. Staff of Workers. The rear and sides of the lower floor oontain the library, offices and exhibition rooms of the unien, where in avallable extensive information re lating to all the Latin American re publits, including both physical fea- tures and cnn;:n“.rchl statistics. The | Dr. Leo 8. Rowe, is staft of statisticlans, m pecialists, editors, com- pilers, elerks. The librarians, translators and second floor of the structure contains a broad foyer and adjoining corridors known as the gallery of patriots, where are displayed the flags of the republics and busts of their statesmen and heroes. From the foy- er opens the great white hall of the Americas, 100 feet long and 65 feet in width. The vaulted ceiling is sup- ted by twenty-four Cortnthian col- por umns set in pairs, which leave aisles around the entire assembly room. The outer wall, that toward the west, e formal garden in the rear of the build Five tall win- dows, bordered In color designs which include the arms of the republics, are arched recesses. Reculls Barly Days. Aoccess 1s through two doors at the Broad stalrways lead downward to & terrace on a level with the ground floor, but slightly higher fhan the sunken gardens, and the pool. Gravel walks rim the grass and flowsr plots, and lead to the Axtec annex, with a tri-arched lo; of tiling and a bright red roof. he tile effect within the annex is a re- production of the work of the early days of Latin America, its design and included figures recalling the mythol- ogy of the Incas and Astecs. When illuminated at night the annex lends considerably to the charm of the col- orful gardens, with touches of blue and green, enhanced by the verdant grass and hedges, the jade balustrade and the reflecting In the central pool. Besides the big assembly hall on the secomd floor, two other large rooms are available for the armscon- ference—the brown and gold board- room, where meet the representatives of twenty-one republics, and a similar room suitable for committee work or as & dining room. PARLEY APPROVAL Hold Demonstrations in Favor of Limitation of Armament. In 200 cities throughout the United States today organized labor is stag- ing demonstrations in favor of the limftation of armament for the nations of the world. Advices received at the American Federation of Labor indicate that the suggestion of President Samuel . pers regarding public demomstrations will be carried out to the extent of local resources. In New York city an address by Presi- dent Gompers will be delivered tonight at the Madison Square Garden, under the auspices of awsociated organiza- tions. A numbder of othat prominent address the mass meeting. In this city, the Central High School auditorium will be the scene of a pub- lic demonstration under the auspices of the local Central Labor Union, N4 Secre- tary Frank Morrison of the American Federation of Labor; James Duffy, vice president of the federation, and othar prominent speakers will be present. - A special musical program has been arranged for the occasion. Amnnounce- ment that all arrangements had been completed was made today by John B. Colpoys, chairman of the commit- tee on arrangements. Other Demenstrations. In other cities, notably Cincinnatl, Baltimore and Boston. special demon- strations will be held in conjunction with the organizations which alded in weifare work during the war. o8 as well As mass meetings have been announced in several ciis and officials at the headquarters of | bor here today expressed gratification at the completion of plana. BOAT IS IDENTIFIED. JACKSONVILLE, Fla., November 11. —The vessel towed bottom up to St. Johns Bar a week ago last by the coast guard cutter Yamacraw, was identified by a diver late yester- day as the schooner Bagdad, 790 tons, of Pensacols, -noor#x:: o reports re- | celved here today m rt. Nothing is known otltzcmllt' o Capt. Griffith and his crew. ——— o important and far-reaching tn its probable effects as the abolition of consctription in Germany and the re- striction of the regular military force of that country to a voluntary army not exceding the limits necessary for internal defense. It is not too much to say that the steadfast maintenance of this situation will not only enabdle progressive reductions to be made in the military establishments of other Council tal limitation of QUAKER CITY PAYS TRIBUTE TO THE DAY t will be hel 12 Commingling of the Solemn and the Gay Marks Observance. PHILADELPHIA, November 11.—A commingling of the solemn and the gay—of prayer for the success of the conference on lfmitation of arma- ment, of thanksgiving and rejoicing for the successfal ending of the war and for memories for the fallen— marked the observauce of Armistice day in Philadelphia. Most of the events here were tinged with the spirit of prayer and suppli- catfon for divine guldance for the arms conference, but the solemn mo- tif did not entirely submerge recol- Jections of the joy with which the victory was hailed three years ago, and many of the features of the day were frankly in the nature of rejoic- ing and joilification. Stlent Prayer at Noom. Virtually all business was to cease at noon for two minutes, during which silent prayer of thanks were offered for the return of relce and of hope for the successful outcome of the deliberations of the Washing- ton conference. Most of the city’s churches were open and in many special | . services were held. Cardinal Dough- erty directed that special pravers be offered In every Catholic church in the diocese, while, for the first time since the death of President McKin- ley, the Hebrew prayer for the dead, or ‘the Kaddish, as it is known in the Hebrew liturgy, was recited in the synagogues for the dead of other creeds than the Jewish. The two minutes for cessation of business activity was to be preceded by the tolling of city belis, begin- ning at 11:45 o'clock and continuing until noon. Masn Meeting Held. a mass meeting. in_the Academy of Music under the direction of " the Philadelphia citizens’ committee on the limitation of armament. ~Spesk ers on the program Included Col. John Temple Graves, Mrs. Beatrice Torbes-Robertson Hale and Matthew Woll. Prayers were to be delivered by Cardinal Dougherty, Rev. . Beatty Jennings, president of the Philadelphia Federation of Churches, and Rabbi Joseph Krauskopf. The meeting was precedcd by a community singing. BELGIANS WANT DOOR TO CHINA REALLY OPEN i By the Assotiated Press. The Belglan delegation to the ‘Washington conference looks upon trade and economic questions in the far east In the same way as does the American government. M. Felicien Cattler, & member of the Belgian delegation, said yesterday. “Belgium's Interest in, China is that | the door should not be open on paper jonly, but open in fact” M. Cattier said In a statement. “Belgians built the Peking-Hankow railroad- after they made their treaty of 1865 with China and several branch lines since then. We have done much in China freedom of opportunity to do more. Belgian capital is assoclated with French in numerous enterprises in Shanghai and . in the railway of Ching-Theng, with Hollahd Investors in the railways of Pin-Lo and Lung- Hal. Belgians also own the Credit Fonceir d'Extréme Orient and are In- terested in a long list of other under- takings. | i ACCOMPANIED i countries, but carries with it, as a necessary _ corollary, the peace of western Europe. Meanwhile a fleld of useful work remains open to league of nations. The financial tion of Xuropean states impe sly demands further reductions in military expenditure, and, indeed, it {s not too much to say that the eco- ndmic revival ot Europe largely de- penuud upon such reductions being et fected. Is Net Hestlle to League. The Iatter pol riou though corresponds exactly with President Harding’s view ~—namely, that the economis sta- bility of Europe s vital to Amerian prosperity. thy-lsegus he hopes it will abide, for the of effecting peace as between nations which are within the J diction of the le Mr. He feels, therefore, that uris- ocan do a usful work, and ng knows that the co-operation of the 1 upon at the Washington oon- in establishing the policies ference will be helpful, and he has let it t® known that neither hs ner keeman eof bhis administration the slightest hostility to the Mr. Hardiag believes Amerioa The principal event of the day was . CHINESE DELEG Continental Memorial Hafl, around retood, |BELGIUM TAKES U. S. VIEW OF “OPEN DOOR” IN CHINA {M. Pelician Cartier States His Coun- try’s Position on Questions of the Far East. M. Felltien Cartier, & member of the Belgian delegation to thé conference, | discussing the coming conference on | limitation of armament and- que: | tions of the far east, declared ye: | terday that Belgium's government , looked upon the question of the “open | door” in China in the same way as 1 i i i ing a real open door in Chinma, notl only one on paper,” sa r. Cartler. “Belgians built the Peking-Hankow railway after they made their treaty ! in 1865 with China, and_ several | branch lines since then. We have done much in China and stand for complete freedom of opportunity to do more. FRANCE POSTPONES | ARMISTICE HOLIDAY Works Today as Evidence of Earnestness in Recon- - . struction Activities. By the Amociated Press. by PARIS, November 11.—France ! worked today, the third anniversary | of the armistice which ended hoetjli- ties between the Germans and the victorious allied armies. There wers the day, but the formal holiday had been postponed by government procs lamation until Sunday as a demom- stration to the world that the nation ir in earnest in its work of recom- struction. T Early this week the chamber of deputies voted to make Armistice day @ publi¢ holiday, but the senate re- jected the bill, insisting that no new holidays should be added in view af the present period of economic de- pression. Visit Graves of Unkmown. The forelgn representatives here, however, together with delegations from the French socletles of war veterans, held to their custom of vis- iting the grave of the unknown poila at the Arc de Triomphe, which they ers. Some provincial cities also car- ried out previously arranged public. pro- ms. At Chateau Thierry, where Ameri- ¢an troops in ome of their first e gagements proved that they could stop the Germans, was dedicated the first of a series of monuments which will mark the limits of th¢ Gefman invasion of France. Hach stone will be inscribed: “Here the invader was driven back, 1918. Mass Is Celebrated. Cardinal Dubois, Archbishop ot Parls, celebrated mass in the In- valldes, and at the Notre Dame Ca-| thedral and in other churches speclal | services were held. The newspapers in their comments on the anniversa expressed the anxious hope thll%e resuits of-the Washington armament conference weuld bring & new meaning to the Armistice day ceremonies in future years. 2 - SOLDIER BONUS VOTED. JEFFERSON CITY, Mo., November 11.—The Missourl ho! of repre- tativer has passed the soldier bonus bill. The measure, which has passed the senaté, goes to Gov. Hyde today for signature. It makes aval able $15,000,000 in bonds to sover cash payments to ‘veterans. ATION 1 | i 1 | HERE Japan Beci nTpas & few scattered ceremonies Incident forhation—dreadnaughts, covered with popptes and other fiow- | Ot WILL ENDEAVOR TO PUT A LIMIT ON ARMAMENT 7 which he conference on il be held in Contineatal Hi TONNAGE AND GUNS ‘BASIS FOR DEBATE Coast Line May Also Figure in Armament Argu- ment. BY JUNIUS B. WOOD. Present Indications are that. the American experts to the coming. con- ference may suggest debating naval armament on a basis of tonnage, guns and coast line. The tonnage and gun will serve @s the measure of the va Flous navies' strength. The miles of coast line will measure each nation's need fqor defense. Obviolrly there are other _standards- for computing a nation’s naval reguirements and it is equally eertain that ail of them will be_suggested. . - Bome experts haye suggested that a nation’s merchent marine tonnage and extent of forelgn commerce sheuld be the controlling factor in determining the reasonable number of warships. s Others, largely those who bélieve that the United States can afford the expensive luxurles, emphasize the im. portdnce of national wealth:and n tional debt. Btill others, mindful of Ffigland as mistress-of the seas, refer. to..cus- tom or hereditary naval position and he inadvisability of disturbing the tablished order of things. - All M&Y Be Factors. 1t fs probable that all of these will be factors 4n determining the final result. Though the naval experts of the different powers may not agree as to which standard is the best, they admit that all of them have merit. A skeletonized table showing the CO! rative number of ships of each cruisers, de- stroyers, submarines and varying types—may be a misleading picture of the nations’ relative naval strength. Those in each classifica- tion will differ in =speed, rmamernt and size.unt!l thére is no eguality in thalr fighting poténtiality, though all fulfill the requirements of being in that partieular cl. ification. Teinage und Gun Basis, . Taking the navies of the six pow- ers at the confeérence on a tonnage and gan bAxIS, An estimate wlich has been prepared on their present rela- tive strength ia: Tonnage. Great Britatn +1,025.000 Unf o 30,000 Japas. . ince taly ina S a0000 _In computing the number of guns | only those of larger calibers are con- sidéréd. “China does not have a navy in & modern sense of the word, though it is amply sufficient for her home needs.. However, when the othet angle of the conference—far eastern problems are discussed—the rating wlil' be reversed and China 20688 t6 the top of the ligt. Japan, United States and Great Bri- tain are conceded to be the principal. {entrdnts_in thé so-called armament! race. The same estimates gives their proposed increases a Toiten Tonnage. Gans. 840, e Great Britain 100,000 In figuring the future increases the advantage of using tonnage figures, instead -of inerely the number —of ships, s clear: If a =hip of 32,000 tons which has reached the youthful age at which naval experts decree it must be, retired froth the first line is-re- placed by RS of 40,000 tons, thers is no change in the number of the nation’s fighting ships but an @n dgubted Increase In fighting efficienty ‘The same applies to armament, speed and other fighting features. Even the number of guns is not conclusi¥e, for - fourteen-ihch types, once con- sidered the last word in naval arma- ment, aré going out of style in favor _sixteen-inch _with twenty miles Thé naval experts need to be athematicians. Steds Danfels’ Words. . NaVval ‘autforfties and publicists in lay _much stress on former ry -Danjels’ program of “the ‘eatest navy” for the United t 1s inevitable that one na- navy will be the largest in the world, though several nations may be equal’ tail-enders with noné. The average American also belleves th: the wation which needs the X TARES. good m llnn‘r the present and propossd m--g of ni:n’nn n and dividing it by the Miles of coast gives an esti iate of naval tonnage per mile am Ton: Miles. permilé. 1700 "ge. 5300 G Srad" Bt ah, “while othecs | 1n8 Hope That Friendship. May - would include outlying - prems . stance, the Korean penin: i o Reign Su) P ofal of 1,700 miles, while if outlying is- | py the Assoctated Press.: SRa 1ands are included s in the about figure | 1o 0ce to. the spirit -of sacrifice for Japan, the Korean coast line is ,000 miles. (Copyright, 1921 Commander Arthur H. Mayo, Nn"v‘:.l‘ 'hnly Oom’ on i‘{o u‘&- (3 the military governor of e Rarel a5 STt e ) s Transmitted to President Harding Through State Department Today. Mirza Hustein Khan Alaj, Persian tinister to the United States, today transmitted to President ~Harding, through the State Department, the fol lowing message “On this day, when all the nations look back with thankful and rejoicing hearts to the end of the most terrible war in all history, his majesty the Shah of Persia safutes the illustrious President of the United States and on behalf of himself and his people unites in" honoring the memory of the name- less American soldier whose tomb will ever a shrine commemerating the supreme patriotism and the glorious, achievement of the great nation in whose cause he gave up his lite.” CONTRASTS DRAWN N EVE OF PARLEY Aims, -Personnel and Condi- ¢ tions of Conference at _Paris Recalled. Predicted That Mr. Hughes and Mr. Root May Be Counterparts of Wilson and House. BY PAUL SCOTT MOWRER. Bomething leas than tAres years ago, watching the delegntes to the | in the proud, resplenmdent capital of 1 France, newspaper cofreepondents of ymany lands were endeavoring to fore- cast the circumstances under which the impending négotiations would { probably untold. . | 'Today, watching-the delegates froni jAsia and from Europe once more coming together, but this time in placid. flag-bedecked Washington, one may endeavor, {n a few rapid phrases, to compi the situation as it was in | Paris three vears ago with the situa- tion as it now promises to develop in our own American capital. Such & comparison is no mere exercise In mental acrobatics; it ia pregrant with luminous suggestions, for in the stud: | future. the Washington con- o war. The one remade the map of i Barop ito remake, at least to clarify, map of Asia. Just as, at Paris, the task of peace- making was complicated by the issue of the league of nations, so, at Wash- ington, the task of settling the far eastern question threatens to be com- plicated by the issue of disarmament; or, if you prefer, the issue-of dix- armament Is complicated by the task of settling the far eastern question. China to_Have Velee. The immediate neceseity at Paris was to deal with a defeated but un- repentant Germany. Here, the imme. diate necessity will be to deal with an lanarchic and disrupted China. At Paris, Germany had no voice; at Washington, China will have a volce, but it will be a voice devold of author- the ity The principal actors three years ago were Britain, the United States and France. The foles of Italy and Japan were secondary. Britain, mcting as ence. The principal actors this time will-be Britain, the United States and ‘Japan. with France and Italy in sec- ondary; roles. Ae far as can now be foreseen, Britain will once more sesk to dominate the conference, by acting as mediator between the United States and Japan, The efférts made at Parls were hampered and complicated at nearly every turn by the absence 'of Russia from the concert of natforis; Russia’s absence from Washington toda while equally inevitable, is scarcel; {less a hindrance and g compiieation. Prodded by Fear of Bolshevitm. The chief stimulus which urged on the 1agging negotiations at Par!s was the fear of bolsheviem: here, it wi bé the necesrity of attempting sofme- thing which will help the worid-out of its present industrial and financial de- pression. The method followed at Parls was, first, to agree on & number of ab- stract principles, then to attempt the application of these principles to con- ‘The method now under in Washington is no conslderation ] Whit different. ade its really #erious venture into Aslatic politics. After turning outward. to- ward east, we are turning.out- ivard toward the west. 2 i ¢ The thought of the American dele- gates at Paris took on an idealistie {eolor; at Washingtori the thought of ithe Ameritan delegates bids fair to i exhibit: preponderantly- an economic | color. - : Draws Personal Parallel. Woodrow Wilson dominated the Améfican peace delegation, with Col, House acting as a- modifying and moHifying influence.. It may be-meré Washington gossip, but.some people Predict that Charles Evans Hughes is #oing to dominate the American dis- ‘armament delegation almost to th Bamé extent that Mr. Wilson domi- Hated the peace delegation, while this ‘time, seys rumor, will be Elfhu Root who will act as the modifying .and. mollifying influence. -, The ultimate aim of the Paris con- rence-was to devise u means of pre- venting war in future. It produced the laague of nations. The ultimate iaim of the present conference is simi- lar, but what it may produce nobody knows. The fact remains_that tle Paris conference failed, so far as the United States was-concerned, because ur_Senate was not prepared to g0 so far ‘as the other world powers in the 8t ldirection of international co-opéra- ifon. What the attitudé of the American Senate may be in case the ‘Washington conference arrives -at Some similar or other form of inter- national oo-bplrl.t:?i: 18 maiter - for on. CHINA PAYS HOMAGE - 70 AMERICA’S UNKNOWN: President Beids Message Bypress: and valor personified in the unknown soldler and hope that Iriendship and gopd -will may be supreme in -the earth were expressed by Presidént Hsu Shih-Chang of China in a més- sage yesterd: l‘lo President Harding. ollowi “On this third lversary of the triumph of the united natlons ar- inst the forces of autoc- republic of China sends great republic of lasks wheiher the old dj ‘the ecause of troubles. MANY. SIMILARITIES SEEN | i i The Paris conference was called to|larger ference has been called to try to prevent ; tiTe he other will attempt, it not|he asks, however, FPARLEYFALS Past and Urges Nations to Change Viewpoint. NEED "AT MEETING HERE Lack of Candor Is Common te All Human Affairy, He Says, and Wrecks Conferences. By the Associgtefl Presy. LONDON, November 11.—Failure iy the Washingtor armament. conference to attain.the ends fof whi¢h it was summoned would be & Ereit-disaster, Viscount Gfey declires dn~amn Wnticle contributed - .to the" ster Gazette. b # Y Recalling that it has Been ¥aid that he delegates to the conferency.ghpuld eave the old diplomasy behind them in Furope, the former forelgn migfyter i} ¥ et s rather the result of trowbths.—ghe Tet treaties which were ni}en‘ ‘1' red to be 4he evil of the old diplo . he mainteins neees- 0 any part of that syete ¢ Called ;Results of War He does not remember -Takep= shafing in the making, of any &popie: treaty prior 1o the -weorfdy 4 though several wers mud war, and thems, ke Parls peace econference assembling |an of the sense ofcommon ih! these, though not univ often’ dominant in the and wreoked or paAralyze And doncerts of Rowers.” He points out, Boweyar things were common hr.al an affairs, atid that nations oniy’ deair with each other as parflgs’and classes of Individuals were apt P duglwith each other. ; What is neéded at Washinton,” he declared, “is not a change -of method but a cliange in the point of view. If the latter be there the old methods will disappear, but not otherwis “Conference Had Pure Origin.” Viscount Grey détlares his abso lute belief that those who =ummoned {of the past is the best guide to the|the conference were animated by the high aspirations of a patriotien: than national patriotian: I'hgt thebfinnferen':e had en- onorable and pure origin. ‘When they - and ome to close quarters ill the govern ment of the United States and th. other governments be able to keep on_this high plan Tt is ‘the mos: difficult of tasks te keep heights Which the eoul is epmpetent to gain * They must do their part. All we ca: do is to help create the favorable at mosphere to make them feel the en couraging expectation, the readiness to follow and rise if they show us the heights.” b This line of thought leads him to a discussion of public opinion. While he admits that this ds often rightly blamed for being apathetic, inert. selfish and willing to tolerate poor lpulh:y on the part of its governments modiator between - France and the | the United, _States, dominated the confer- | portunity to show H i ! v!A te 111, Bresent head of 1} i 1 Three vears ago the Unjted States|yq yinto the world struggle. 1 he inquires whether, if it were indi- idual, it would not sometimes ask its government to give it “the grea! appeal; the great opportunity,” and adds: "We have s there can be to cause of the w ing Tbis war, wii big' democrac vhat a responsc Arfter experienc- not one ov more of have a great op- now it can respond in the causc of peac s BALFOUR MAKES PLEA FOR PARLEY SUCCESS Deeclares Nations Can Attain What Is Within Reach by Whole- Hearted Co-Operation. note of yesterday, | prime min f (ircat Britain and he British delegatior to_the.armament conference. Saying that the Jask now facing the repre mentatived of the mreat powers of the world wed a part of the great en- civilization, Mr. Balfour utmost br ould attain what was in their reach by whole hearted co-operation. The. statemgnt follows: *It is Wors than four years since 1 ft this well remembered scene and venture into. European ' paiq f. " to my 4 olitics: today It is making 1ts Arstl Wreahionian . b0 mas e mont o 1t was a most critica stage in the-great war, and notwith submarine its thtensity had somewhar dimintshed. was still most formidable In the west-gnd in the east the vic tory by Jan hung in the bala Ameriea, n the Atlantic to the Pa cific, ‘animated by a single spirit, was concentrating her vast resources an preparing.to throw her whole strengti We all know the result: It came moré completely and more. quickly than most of us had dafed to hope;: and exactly three years ago the greatest of victories conclud- ed the greatest of wars. Victéries of Peace Difficult, ~I Ilttle:thought Wwhen I took leave of those from ve h endless kindness that I should again be called upon to re-visit it as the representa- tive of Great Britain; still less did | thit three years after the armistice was signed our whol thoughts would still be dirdcted to ward completing the work of peace Notlting could less re are all concerned In 1921. are not only intimately but they - form part of great international endeavol would’ be.h rash prophet who would say.that the victcorles of pemce are easier_of attainment’ than the victo- rie ‘wdr. But Surely we may ap- proach these new: labors in a spirit of confidence and Wigh hope. We must not indeed etther ask for or ex- pect the'dmpossihle, although what is within sur rea is worth our ut- most efforis; and I cgnnot doubt t! usider the wise muidance of your Président - we shall be fortunate enough’toattain {t. Most happy was the ingpiration which moved him to n_this conférence. I am con- vinced that all thbse who are going to meet here in u&nnl, and the gov- srhiments “whom they represent are ‘resolved to the best of their abllity t6 cosoperate with him in making !t a success. This is the world's desire; it will .not fail of accomplishment. ——— s the United States and joins with it in homage-to-the. spirit 6f. sacs! net taior —personified fif- the. Mdkagw [ Boldief, aboul Whose bIEF-Tme—frear of the American people stand tod in reverence and.gratitude, joininz with all other peoples in the hope that the peace whidh dawned three ever grow brighte! ut rlandsbiD Ana good will mA: