Evening Star Newspaper, September 4, 1921, Page 23

] o v ~ . BATTLE OF FACTIONS |THE IN GERMANY COMING Real Test Will Come When Wirth Tax Program Is Applied—Monarchists Everywhere/ Active: BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN. ERIOUS as may have been political events in Germany during the [§ course of the past ten days, there is every evidence that monarchist demonstrations and the quick action of the republican government not only to discredit but frustrate further reaction- ary demonstrations are but preludes to a fight which will shake Germany from center to circumference before the republic, at least the present gov- \ ernment, is safe. Ludendorff—he who has consistently plotted the overthrow of republican government for the return of a regime ‘which would be more lenient in recog- nizing the rights of the privileged classes and give sanction to the old militarist order—has been extremely active in recent weeks in Instigating demonstrations and celebrations upon slightest of pretexts in order to fan martial ardor and longing for the pomp and glories of the old regime. Tens of thousands of people have par- ticipated. Unquestionably, those secret military organizations which abound in Germany and which were organized for the purpose of effecting a nucleus for a military orgunization to carry out well known plans of counter revo- lution, have taken heart during Tecent Weeks and their spirit has been fired by messages from the kaiser and from their old military chieftains. Monarchist Feeling Strong. Throughout Wurttemberg, certain ®ections of Prussia and Bavaria the monarchist feeling runs strong and With perfect organization, such as has ‘been effected through subterranean channels—in a few cases openly—the monarchists have a base upon which to build a great military machine for “der tag." Success of any monarchist attempt, however, depends entirely upon elicit- ing support from other quarters than those strictly alligned with imperial . ideas. There is serious doubt that Ludendorff, no matter how far-reach- ing his plans, can succeed in avowed efforts to replace the Hohenzollerns at the head of the nation, as the majority of the people are not with him, at the moment at least. The question. of support is the crux of the whole situation. The repub- lican government under Chancellor ‘Wirth and President Ebert has capi- talized the assassination of Mathias FErzberger. The people have been led 1o believe that the killing was but the beginning of serious attempts against the lives of the present repub- lican leaders and democratic institu- tions. There has been tremendous response to the appeals made by Chancellor Wirth for support among the people. In one demonstration for the government in Berlin during the past week nearly a half million people assembled in the Lustgarten and sol- emnly avowed their disapproval of any and all attempts of the reactionaries to gain control. The meeting was a solemn «affair. The manner In which both the majority and independent societies joined hands with the extreme right and the other democratic political parties is indicative of the fact that today there exists in Germany tre- mendous support for the republican form of government. As a conse- quence of this backing which per- meates the nation 1abor has pledged the government the backing of eleven » million men. The Ludendorff attempts undoubtedly will be discouraged until a more opportune time. That time may come in the fall. ‘Wirth Not Seeure. But it must not be taken for granted that the people, though sup- yorting the republican form of gov- ernment. will support the present regime headed by Chancellor Wirth. ‘The greatest of all alienators of sym- pathy is to be applied during the fall and winter—a tax burden which will be felt to the far corners of the country. Even the workers as well as capitalists must assume gigantic bur- den to raise 150,000.000,000 marks esti- mated as the German government's need during the coming vear if Ger- many pays up the fifty billion marks arrears in reparation, keeps pace with next year’s levies by the allied gov- crnments and at the same time cares for constantly increasing internal ob- zations. _Particularly is_this true ith the decline of the value of the k, which will continue to go down the gold resources of the nation are red into the coffers of the allies the paper mones presses continue to run day and night to meet the ex- tremely obnoxious money question in Germany. The capitalist, which is represented rgely in the German centerist party, i- sure to raise his voice against extra Capital Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. Since the tariff bill has been under consideration the House document room has been besieged by a flood of inquiries by democratic members par- ticularly for a certain document. Many of those calling for it mention that they have been told that it con- cerns the first time on record where a democratic member called loudly for “protection.” This particular doc- ument proves to be a report on a physical encounter in a park in the ational Capital between Thetus W. Sims, for twenty-four years a mem- ber of Congress, and Charles C. Glov- er, a bank president. Joel Grayson, the presiding genius of the document room, has solved the riddle. He has discovered in the report the testimony of a tree doctor who was witness to the fight, and whe stated that Rep- resentative Sims threw his hands above his head hollering, “I need pro- tection!” EE “Where is the trowel used by George . hington when he laid the corner stone of the Capitol building?’ The writer received this inquiry from a woman in New Jersey. This trowel is’ now, with Washington’s Masonic apron and other relics, in the old Ma- sonic lodge room in Alexandria, Va. Gen. Washington was master of the Alexandria Lodge, and the chair in \ which he sat as master is still pre- served. S ** X% Representative Cyrenus Cole of Jfowa, successor to James W. Good, until recently chairman of the House appropriations committee, has just been sworn in, the first new congress- man from that district in fourteen years. He said he felt like the new sherift he used to know. who when he went to take the oath of office told the judge he didn't know why he was elected, but he was and asked that “qualify” him. The judge replied, can swear you all right, but God Al- mighty alone can qualify you.” * X K ¥ Speaker Gillett has just had im- .pressed upon him how close a mem- ber of Congress can come to some of his constituents. The Speaker was advised by Thomas J. Hammond, a liwyer of Northampton, Mass., that e had made the last hours of Thom- as J. Manning, an overseas veteran, dying of cancer, very happy. The Speaker had securdd for Manning a ating of permanent, total disability om the bureau of war risk insur- an His first check for $495.45 received on August 26, and on August 27 Manning died, convinced that Uncle Sam was not ungrateful. * % ¥ ¥ The Capltol guldes have been mis: ing a good bet. They point out to heavy levies which the socialists of both wings insist be placed. The ma- jority and independent socialists com- posing the great middle class of Ger- mans will feel direct and indirect tax- ation as they have never felt it before. The communllurufl extremely radi- cal elements will most certainly resist the government levy on wages. ‘Will Strike All People. ‘The Wirth tax program, it is stated, will strike every man of every class, and as a result, when the Reichstag convenes, if it does convene, Septem- ber 27, will be the scene of bitter acrimony. By appealing to. the people to re- sist the monarchists, Chancellor Wirth may build up_such sentiment before- hand that when he does convene the Reichstag he can point to the dangers. menacing the natiep and ask for a vote of confidence. Interpellations as to the promptness with which the German republican government has met all allied reparations demands are sure to come. The Kbert regime at all times has shown complacency and has been bitterly scored by the enemies of the republic. This undoubtedly will react to a greater or less extent dur- ing the coming months, but if Chan- cellor Wirth can put the plain issue to the majority parties that if they oust the government, repudiate the tax program which is necessary if Germany’s obligations be met as Ger- many is bound to meet them, the mon- archist will resume their old role of distatorial ambitions inimical to the interests of the people at large, he may stave off an untoward political end. On the other hand, the mon- archists w’ll have plenty of material in hand with the application of the tax problem to stir resentment against the government. They might swing enough support away from the repub- lican forms to insure success of a counter revolt and for the re-estab- lishment of the Hohenzollerns. But this is doubtful. However, it always is a possibility, the feeling in Ger- many being as strong as it is. Sincere as to Allies. But though Chancellor Wirth pn- doubtedly is playing politics to a great measure and making the most of any event that will tend to alienate the people from the leaders of the old order, it nevertheless is a fact that he seems absolutely sincere in his desire to meet Germany’'s obligations to the allied governments in order that further sanctions be avoided and that Germany, by show of good faith, may regain, to some extent at least, the old prosperity, which alone-can be achleved through co-operation indus- trially and econom:cally with other nations. The hotheads may argue that they will regain Germany's lost power and may prevail upon tens of thou- sands of the unsophisticated, but it is more to be belleved that a greater portion of the sober thinking people realize that strict compliance with the treaty of Versailles and all prepara- tions agreements is the only course if the present growing Germany is to continue. That is must continue if Germany ot to perish economically and financially is also agreed. According to all repo: which have reached London, Paris and Washing- ton, the German people are working as they never worked before. The industrial situation in Germany is better than in any other country save possibly Belgium. The French now have high hope that the Wirth gov- ernment will continue as has London. Allies Would Take Hand. It is to be expected that any un- toward swing toward return of the monarchist regime will bring a sharp decisive command on the part of the allies to desist. With the threat of sanctions which will hang over Ger- many for fifteen years, it easily may be seen just what potent influence the allies wil have. They may be hated, and the feeling against them undoubt- edly will grow, but Germany cannot bring effective resistance against them. The enemies of the monarch- ists realize this full well. They know also that if present forms without menace to the new order are con- ltinued there is a constantly increas- ing disposition on the part of the al- llied governments to show leniency in the treatment of German affairs. This leniency is highly desirable to Ger- lmany economically and financially, and when the crisis does come, as it undoubtedly will during the next four to six months, the republican regime will find supporters by the millions even in the face of monarchial ten- dencies. However. the allled governments are watching the situation closely and will permit nothing to transpire in Germany that will tend to weaken the treaty of Versailles or tend to un- dermine Germany’s obligation to th.l ‘world. hundreds of tourists daily the great painting on the wall of the stairway on the west side of the House done by Emanuel Leutze—“Westward the Star_of Empire Takes Its Way.” Be- neath the painting on one side is_the inscription: “No Pent-Up Utica Con- fines Our Powers, But the Boundless Continent Is Ours,” and on the other side: “The Spirit Moves in Its Al- lotted Space; the Mind Is Narrow in & Narrow Sphere.” But the guldes do not tell the story of the missing face. It was told to me by Charles E. Mo- | berly, who is employed by Congress to continue the work of decorating | the Capitol, begun by the noted Con- stantino Brumidi, friend of Pope Pius | IX. When Leutze was painting this | great picture there was much crit-| icism eand he was driven to drink. | leaving a face undone in the very| center of the plece. This was filled in by a foreman under Brumidi named Carsons, and can be detected by ! standing close to the wall and look- | ing up. The face done by Carsons shines out, having been done in oil, while the rest of the work by Leutze was in sterachrome, about which Car- sons knew little or nothing. It was! Emanuel Leutze who painted “Wash- | ington Crossing the Delaware” and | many other canvases connected with | American history. * kx> Visitors in the xfll;rlel of Con- | ress really get a wrong view of na- | tional legislation. The real work of the members is not done in forensic debate but in the grind of committee study and exchange of views across the table. It is well recognized that four-fifths of the speeches made on the floor are for “home consumption,” to be printed and mailed at govern- ment expense to thousands of voters in that particular member’'s own dis- trict. Self-glorification with his home voters is the great motive behind most of these speeches. It is equally well recognized that the passage of good legislation could by done much more expedi- tiously with less talk on the floor. Repeatedly members have had com- putation made.of the high cost of free speech in Congress. One of the most recent records gives a word score for a wegk in both houses, as follows: . Total—Senate, 242,000,- and House, 216,000. The grand total of 458,000 cost to print $9,900, not to mention the cost of mailing coples to con- stituents. *x e x There are many disciples of Isaak Walton in Congress, and, like birds of a feather, they go fishing together. The latest fish atory told by Willlam Tyler Page, clerk of the House, has as heroes Representative Melvin O. McLaughlin of Nebraska an C. Snyder, correspondent of the Omaha Bee. They went to try their luck in Herring bay, in the Chesapeake, and THE SU'fiDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D,. O, SEPTEMBER 4, 1921-PART 2. ° "STORY THE. WEEK HAS TOLD / BY HENRY W. BUNN. (Copyright, 1921, by The Washingten Star.) HE following is & brief summary of the most important news of the world for the seven days ended September 3: THE BRITISH EMPIRE—There has been fresh rioting in Belfast; - eighteen killed, thirty or more injured; whether started by en or nationalists, nobody knows. The military now control the situation. Lloyd George has Mr. De Valera’s answer to his latest note. What does it say? The Moplahs of the district Malabar in British India (southwest coast) are running amuck. ‘They are a Mohammedan sect num- bering about & million, descended of Arabs who landed on the coast In the ninth century. They, are perhaps the wildest-fanaticy going. Often in times past the Moplahs have satisfied their religious emotions by slaughtering the aboriginal Dravidians, Though the present outbreak was casually started by a governmert fuspection for illicit weapons, it seems to-be the ysual sort of thing; the British and Dravidians are equally obnoxious as unbelievers. There is a rumor that Gandhi, the Hindu nationalist legder, has been invited to Malabar by the— authorities to calm the Moplahs. But the up- rising is not nationallst, since the chief present victims of the Moplahs should be their as- sociates in a nationalist movement. In this sense, however, there is a connec- tion; that the nationalist agitation which is headed, by Gandhi, and which has in many parts of India strangely associated Moslem and Hindu, has spread a wave of vague unrest throughout India. Military law has been pro- claimed in the Malabar district and the militia now control the situation, but mot in time to prevent considerable destruction of life and property. Indeed, (it is sald the devastation has been so great that & famine may resuit. The known British loss of life has been slight, but there is fear for the lives of the British (including women and children) in outlying places. The episode seems to show that if the British were capable of such meanness they could smash the nationalist movement by “exploiting” through insidious propaganda re- ligious fanaticism. The non-Moslems of Malabar (mostly Dravi- | dians) number some two millions. Fortunately, the Moplahs have few modern firearms and little knowledge of their use. Their weapons are chiefly two-edged swords, blunderbusses and such like antiques. * ok k% GERMANY.—The murder of Erzberger has started things in Germany. For some time the monarchists have been holding exuberant demonstrations and the reactionary press has been growing more and more violent toward the government. The press of the left charges the reactionary leaders and the reactionary press with at -least. indirect responsibility for Erzberger’s murder. Since the murder the ma- jority socialists, independent socialists and communists, who include the great mass of German labor, have been demonstrating’ im- pressively for the government, calling on the government to take firm measures against the reaction. R Premier Wirth has issued a decree for- ‘bidding seditious meetings and demonstrations and publication of seditious matter. So much might be justified, but when the decree goes on to forbid the wearing of uniforms ‘except by members of the army, one revolts at the cruelty of it. Some are mean enough to insinuate that Wirth is exploiting FErzberger's mur- der for both domestic and foreign purposes. These demonstrations for the republic, they say, are being encouraged to impress the outer world and incline the league council favorably toward Germany on the Upper Silesian matter. The Wirth government is desperately in need of stanch friends at home, for when, within a month, the reichstag reconvenes, a violent at- tack will be launched against the portentous taxation program of the govérnment. The reactionaries are also likely to attack the government for its complete surrender in the American treaty. \ Omne might have expected that Wirth's new .stand would draw the independent socialists Icloser to the government and repel the people’s party (the party of Stinners and big business). It is sald, however, to have had the somewhat singular effect of attracting the people’s party. It is even hinted that that party may join the government coalition. It is difficult to im- agine them supporting the government's tax- ation gram, but they alo reported to be | thoroughly sickened of the preposterous antics of. the junkers. - < / = * %k k % RUSSIA.—American relief for Russia is get- ting under way quietly but swiftly. In his farewell instructions to Col. Haskell, the newly appointed fleld director of the American Reliet Administration work in Russia, Mr. Hooyer says: “I belleve American charitable organiza- tions can provide food for 1,000,000 children, and can contribute material ald in medical dup-, plies. We will, indeed, do everything we can to strengthen your hands beyond this, but to meet the whole problem, even that of the children, gfter great discount of current propa- #anda, is beyond our resources.” After direct- ing Col. Haskell to co-operate with the work of other countries, Mr. Hoover makes the foi- lowing statement, which should cause a good many people to sit up and think: “In the matter of adult rellef you are aware that the soviet authorities have still some resources in gold and .other metal.’ It seems to me fundamental that the world should urge upon them that they shoujd expend these sums at once in the purchase of breadstuffs abrond. 1Indeed, there sre surpluses in the Balkan states that could be made available in a few days pending imports from fafther afield. While even these resources will be insufficient to cover the whole of th¥ necessities of Russia, they can scarcely expect the rest of the world to make sacrifites until they have exhausted their every resource.” ‘What, indeed, is to be thought of a govern- ment which hesitates to drain its treasury under such circumstances? The allied relief of Russia commission (or whatever its true name) appointed by the supreme councll, has been meeting in Paris, its members representing France, Great Britain, Belgium, Italy and Japan. Walter L. Brown, European director of the Amerfcan Relief Ad- ministration, has been present, but.has been careful to make it understood that he represents the American Rellef Administration only, not the Amer! government. It is not clear what functions the supreme council intended should be performed by this commission. It is, per- haps, expected to determine those functions for ~ itself. Agparently it will try to keep in touch with the rellef work of various organizations in Russia and keep the several governments informed concerning it, and it has been Bug- gested that the weveral governments might dispense rellef funds through the commission. Perhaps it will undertake to divide Russia into areas, assigning one to each relief unit; but whether, in view of its special limited function of feeding children, the American Relief Ad- ministration would fall in with such a scheme, might seem doubtful. Directive action beyond such assignment to areas the commission does not seem to have proposed to itself, Ti.e most important action of the commission to date has been to appoint a sub-commission of dis- tinguished experts to visit Russia for an ex- haustive inspection and report. The French doubt that Moscow will allow such an Investi- gation. A refusal might cool the philanthropic ardor of several governments. Moreover, Dr. Nansen has caused an em- barrasement. He agreed, on behalf of the alliance of European Red Cross organizations and the credit relief commission of the league of nations, to allow the soviet authorities to distribute the rellef supplies of these organigations. . The Red Cross Alliance has disavowed the agreement. And there must be further negotiations, with possibly a hitch. Dr. Nansen is trying to raise $50,000,000 in loans from European governments, against which the Moscow government offers the national assets as security. Furthermore, Moscow consents that the loaning govern- ments contr disbursement of the loans. It would see: at European relief arrange- ments are beiag bungled and are proceeding with fatal slowness, while the millions of “hungry sheep look up and are not fed.” * k% x NEAR AND MIDDLE EAST.—The situa- tion in Anatolia is, as usual, obscure. Dis- patches early in the week from Constantl- nople reported that the Greek forces sent across the Sals desert to flank the Turks had boen defeated and separated completely from contact with the main body; that the main Greek forces had been hurled back across the Sakaria river; that one of the main Greek lines of communication was seriously threat- ) Army and Navy News By Capt. Arthur G.-Duncan, O. R. C. e e magmrerr oy, f erry, Mcl oy, Fletcher an 8] The Army [\ and Representatives McKinzie, Tilson, .’~ [ % Byrnes and Kraus. ‘With a separate bureau for militia, which has proven most effective, it may be considered that the develop- ment of the newly created reserve force, upon which the nation will de- pend in time.of war, is equally en- titled to a branch devoted exclusively to that activity. With an officer per- sonnel ten times greater in number than_the militia. amd more than five times Jarger than the regular estab- lishment, its importance as a factor in the new Army of the United States must be fully recognised Whether intentional or not, recent appointments to the grade of general officers in the Offjcers’ Reserve Corps have been made from a selection of National Guard dbfficers, with the ex- ception of a retfred officer of the|Cl regular Army. The records also show quz practically .every reserve officer . P Vs cerned. detalled on the general staff in Wash- ington is or has been a National Guard officer. _The question arises whether Congress, in its provision for an Officers’ Reserve Corps, Intended so complete a tie-up in the dual service cf afticers, and whether a well bal- anced organization will result in a policy of this nature. Surely out of He Got Three Fishes and His Favorite Pole and Reel. in about three hours caught 151 trout and hardhead. Representative ‘Mc- Laughlin had a fine rod and reel. He gota at&ikefl.;ut the rod slipped out of his han went ng again and |the- present 67,000 - reserve officers, was thinking of his loss and troling | many of whom won rapid promotion for it, when he got another strike and for eficiency and- valor during the thought he must have a particularly |war, there must be a sufficient num. heavy fish. When he pulled in his|per available for equitable representa- fine he found he had recovered his lost | tion in the upbuilding of a reserve pole and reel, and that on one line he [ organigation. ~Undet the law, 'the had one big fish and on the other two | regular Army i8 ‘charged“with the fishes, 8o that at the one haul he got|training and much of the preliminacy three fishes and his favorite pole and | organization of the reserve force. It ol. is therefore to their interest that the Mr. Page says that this prize fish|bhest results be obtained. The sole story is vouched for by Capt. Ravelle, | object in er:lf.lns a reserve force is| 2t who has spent all of his fifty-seven |for a natiohal emergency, therefore years on Herring bay and who has|its purpose must be broad—above all national in scope and representative of all its name imipliés. Service Committee. = The first preliminary conference of the joint congressiondl committee on readjustment of the pay 'and allow- ance of the mili and naval service ‘was recently hel resentatives of the service werz. abls: to provide the committee with : statistica’ of value never been to Washington. * ¥ x % B Secretary Wallace of the Depart- ment of Agriculture has sent out a notice that he hopes will come to the attention of all farmers proud of their farm development. He wants them to know that they can patent the names of their farms and so es- b] t d standard of quality | necessary for the praper guidance of %:r“&'::? mo.a?x':e. b, iy this commission. Mem! of the com-! 81l the xm{lw The United States patent office re-|mittee took this mati it is ‘essential F 1 with them cently approved and published in the | for study during the lonal re- iV 2. it o - ‘War Department. ‘Whil unobtainable. steps will be the law for no President Revokes Class B Order. While regular efficiency ratings of officers are avallable for their indi-: vidual information, it is understood that the list of class B officers is considered oconfidential data of the Only the board and reviewing authorities have any knowl- edge of the names of officers placed in class B for dismissal from the service or retired by that process. It is said that officers slated for elim- ination are encouraged to resign, so that any act on the part of the War Department will not be considered as: a g:blle’ reflection upon those con- e it is reported that the number of officers in B class reach several hundred, the exact figures are There is some agita- tion for the repeal of thia provision of the law, which is possibly strength- ened by the fact that President Hard- ing recently issued orders restoring to Class A nineteen officers who were tentatively placed in class B. _New Law Effects Insurance. . A recent provision of the law ef- fective February 10, 1921, shuts out completely every person who a commission in the Army, including the graduates of the Military Acad- emy, or any man who enlists on or after the above date, from compensa- ton, benefits and »: vided through the former war risk, bureau, as also benefits derived un-l I vileges as pro- | der the pension laws in effect prior to October 6, 1917. It is said that taken by the War De- partment seeking the amendment of od reason, on the ground that no good resson can be found for making a distinction as to compensation and benefits between DOROTHY THOMPSON, the officers and men now in‘ the Army ‘who come in next year. jon of the provision, will add one more and the|’ greatest difficulty to securing the de- sirable men both In the commissioned and enlisted personnel, wholly inequitable to of the academy who entered in the knowledge and belief in the laws which guaranteed that they would not suffer should they incur physical disability while in the service. Tratning of Reserve Officers. ~In order that reserve officers ful- se_for which appointed, that they receive suffi. clent training and instruction in time ‘and will ‘be the graduates ened; that the Greeks were suffering terribly from malaria and an insufficlency of water. But later dispatches, from Greek sources, give the lie to the above and show the Greeks steadily victorious, though against a deter- mined resistance. The “United Syrians” are active again. A deputation of notables from Syria.and Pales- tine s waiting upon the assembly of the league of nations to show cause why Unitel Syrla (Syria and Palestine) should be absolutely independent; why the French should lose their mandate, and why Palestine, with its small minority of Jews, should cease to be the “natlonal home of the Jewjsh race.” =Y y * ok Xk 2 B UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.—On Tuesday the President issued a proclamation ordering all persons engaged in the disorders in the mining district of West Virginia to disperse peaceably to their homes by noon of Thursday. The proclamation was not obeyed, and therefore on Friday 2,100 federal troops and fifteen bombing planes were sent to the disturbed area. It seems probable that the insurrectionists will disperse when confronted with federal troops. No one has been heard to praise the state authorities for their handling of the situation. It is a situa- tion best left uncommented upon until all the facts are known. The President will soon call a national conference on unemployment. The govern- ment, capital and labor will be represented. In New York the number of unemploved is estimated as 500,006, including 75.000 ex- sorvice men. At the instance of the mayor, charitable organizations of the city have joined forces to plan and act against the threatened horrors of the coming winter. It has been proposed to cover all the fiqor space of the armories with cots—an idea capable of expansion. As Mr. Hoover observes: “It is inconceivable that America, with its surplus in food and clothing, with housing— though crowded—and with an abunidance of fuel, could allow any suffering among thos: of our own people who desire to work.” * x k % THE WASHINGTON CONFERENCE,—A great deal must be going on behind the sé:s, but what precise progress—if any—has been made toward defining the agenda of the Wash- ington conference we do not know. Count Okuma, a very powerful figure in Japan and nominally a progressive, thinks that Japan should take a firm stand on her rights and -privileges acquired on the Asian continent, on her peculiar position as-dominant power and champion of Asia. If such rights, etc., are overborne at the Washington conference, let Japan withdraw therefrom, says the count. Whether he would have Japan refuse to discuss such matters does not appear. It seems that the Koreans ore clamoring for a hearing at thc conference. Their problem, they say, is one of the vital problems of the far east. Indeed it is. * X ¥ X MISCELLANEOUS.—No direct news comes from Upper Silesia. The British, French and Italian governments have informed Berlin of their intention to send reinforcements thither. Why have the supreme council changed their minds? A treaty between the United States. and Hungary has been signed. It is said to follow in a general way the lines of the treaty with Germany. Premier Witos of Poland sas's that this vear Poland will become self-sufficing in respect of food. ; The Mirdites, the insurgent tribd in Northern Albania, have defeated the troops of the Tirana government. I predicted some time ago that the Albanian (Tirana) govern- ment would find it an extremely difficult job “fo put down these hardy mountaineers. The_ supreme court of Mexico has rendered a decision declaring article 27 of the Mexican constitution non-retroactive. “Seems to have rendered,” rather, for the text of the decision has not been made public. Whether such a decision (unsupplemented by a treaty) would justify recogmition of the Obregon govern- ment by the United States is a matter of speculation. f A civil war is in progress in Nicarzgua; but who is fighting whom, and why, does not appear. \ Safling Alone to England it 5l alone, to vialt her distinguished father. United States, aboard the Aquitania. - - 7 GUATEMALA EXPECTS % TO GET U.S. CAPITAL H of a national about $10,000,000 and maintained on { TO See Her Granddaddy Granddaughter of Ambamsador Har- vey, sailed recently for England, all — The training program of. the War D become available. limit of funds appropriated by the partment must necessarily be pre- pared and announced from time to time as funds Zor this specific purpose In view of the ne- cessity for using the limited amount | pay of funds to be appropriated in order to give some training to all reserve officers, the granting of individual re- Minister Negotiating To Be Expended Largely in Needed . = ; " Public Works. R BY BEN MeKELWAY. ENTY-FIVE million dollars in American capital will be if plans of Dr. Julio Bianchi, Guatemalan minister to the United States, are successful. Dr. Bianchi returned to Washington last week from a trip to Guatemala, where he received authorization to secure a loan in this country and arranged for its expenditure in Guatemala. While the economic depression In his coun- try 1is still apparent, Dr. Bianchi states, there is every reason to be- lieve a revival of business will be ef- fected by the improvements and de- velopment about to be undertaken. Several ambitious projects are plan- ned in Guatemala. The first calls for the establishment bank, capitalized at 2 invested in Guatgmala .oonl levels of efficiency and modern busi- ness methods. The second is road construction, em- bracing a total of 1,000 miles of mod- | ern macadam highways and costing about $4,000,000. A main highway will run from the Mexican border through Guatemala to the frontier of Salvador, with a branch running off to Hondu- ! ras. Another main highway will trav- | erse Guatemala from the port of Isabal on the Atlantic seacoast to the city of San Jose on the Pacific There will be several other branches running to important villages in the interior and opening undeveloped territory, making the” inland settle- ments in direct and easy communi- cation with the sea. This work, alone, Dr: Bianchi believes, will do a great deal to stimulate commerce and aid in Guatemala's economic re- covery. About seven million dollars will be spent In Guatemala City i and will include the installation of a modern water supply and sewerage disposal system, w&ile $4,000.000 additional will bé uscd in_rebuilding parts of the city destroved by earth- quakes. Part of this sum also will be {used in putting up a modern national hospital in Guatemala City. Dr. Bianchi already has been in banking houses and the replies re- iceived. he states, are most encourag- ing. He anticipates no trouble in securing the money, and the invest- ment is of the nature recommended ; by the Department of Commerce and | other agencies interested in devel- opment of our trade abroad. * k x % Although his visit was confined to business of the nature described, Dr. { Bianchi received reports from the jconstitutional assembly now sitting in | Honduras, which is expected to com- jplete the constitution of the Federa- {tion of Central America and have it signed by the nember republics of Guatemala, Honduras and Salvador on the 15th of this month, when Cen- tral America celebrates her centen- nial of freedom from Spanish rule. There is little doubt that the federa- “1tion will come into being on that date, Dr. Bianchi states. { The union, however, will be the- ioretical for the time being. Dr. Bi- anchi states, although some steps will be taken toward making it a perma- nent, self-contained’sovernment. The first 'are outlined by Dr. Bianchi as follows: . (1) Withdrawal from the world capitals of the diplomatic representa- tives of Guatemala, Salvador and their replacement with: one representative, who probably will hold the rank of ambassador. (2) Standardization of all customs and tariffs now in force in the three member states. (3) Abolition of passport require- ments between the three member states. (4) Some provision for calling_the national assembly into session within the next four or five years, when fur- ther steps will be taken to strengthen the central government. Dr. Bianchi believes that Nicaragua will become a member of the federa- tion either on or a little after the 15th of September. The constitution will be modified to suit her contentions. The new articles of the constitution have just been added and Central American representatives in Wash- ington informed of the additions. One provides for universal woman suf- frage within the Central American capital punishment. X Reports of revolutionary activity i Central America during the past month have been greatly exaggerated, Dr. Bianchi states. The minister gave two specific instances of “revolution” which amounted to little more than ordinary street brawls, but which were magnified by the political press may be provided for other reserve of- ficers. Some training and instruction while on an inactive status will be neces- sary to replace or supplant training received while on inactive duty. This will in general take the form of in- | struction by regular Army officers de- tdiled for duty with units of the or- danfzed * reserves of corresponding courses or individual studies engaged in by reserve officers. Organization commanders corps area or department commanders and chiefs of branches have a mutual responsibility in ac- complishing the training and instruc- tion of reserve officers and will from time to time afford these officers such improvement ! communication with a number of New York banking syndicates and foreign | Honduras and ! Federation and the other abolishes all | Here for $25.000.000, : ha N LIS and used as propaganda against the opposition parties. % %k x Lieut. Commander Haracio Mira, naval attache of the Chilean embassy, who hs beer stationed in New York for the last lwo years, sailed yest éry for Chile on the steamship Es. £equito. Commander Mira wi in Washington last week to bid farewell to his associates here in the Latin.r- |Am!rk‘an diplomatic corps, On tho same ship with him sailed Senor Don Santiago de Toro, an attache of the - embassy stationed in New York, who is going home on & visit. | Commander Mira is succeeded by ,Licut. Commander Aristides de Solar. who is now en route to this country. ¥ Commander Mira gain considerable attention four yearsago when he came to New York to accompany a fiotilla of submarines which had been pre- sented to his government by Great Britain. He commanded -the H-3, which _proceeded under her own power from New York to Chile, a dis- * tance of something like 4,000 mile: making a record which has never _ been cqualed by any other subma- ° irine, it is stated. * % % % | Four Chilean army officers who have been in this country for the last year receiving instruction under United Siates Army officers returncd to Chile last week. They were Capt. Marchant of the coast artillery, and Lieuts. Toverias, Briceno and Rami- rez. & * *x ¥ * | Alfredo Avalos, legal adviser to * ithe minister of finance of Chile, ar- rived in the United States last week and will come to Washington to make a first-hand study of the Volstead act with the idea of applying certain portions of it to Chile. ile na- | tional prohibition is not considered ifeasible for Chile at this time. one deterrent being that something like * 1700,000,000 pesos are invested in the wine industries of the country, par- tial prohibition could be applied with success in territories where the con- i sumption of liquor is considered | harmtul. . { * ok x ¥ ! The reply of Dr. V. Marques Bus- | tillos, provisional president of Veni- zuela, to aniappeal directed to him by a committee of Latin Americans % in New York praying for the release of pelitical prisoners in Venezuela, has been received here. Refusing, ‘the president states that, “while the {day may come when all shall have been forgotten and forgiveness ex- tended to the grave political trans- | gressions_committed by some Vene- zhelans. it is clearly seen that these are still in full perverseness without |knowledge that it is the first duty {of the citizen to enjoy tq the fullest extent the privileges of libérty and !to obey the law—much more, that it the duty of Society to live at peace - and the government must take jaway the right of individual freedom. - “I repeat.” he states, “that these | must he brought to terms by actual ! measures of correction. since methods i of persuasion have mot accomplished { anything.” i i The plea for the freedom of poli- tical thought was sent to Venezuela ! at the time of the unveiling of the Bolivar statue in New York. H * % X % The report of the Rockfeller Foun- | dation for the year 1920 shows the work accomplished in south and |Central Ameérfea and records the {award of fellowships to five Brazil- ians, one Colombian, one Costa Rican, one Salvadorean, one Mexican and one Porto Rican. After reciting the history of the foundation's fight against yellow fev- jer in Central and South America lunder the leadership,of the late Gen. Gorgas, the I’Ppol'x states thai yellow fever. has disappeaored in {Guayaquil, Ecuador, and the situation | 15 now in «he hands of the local au- thorities alone. -An epidemic of yel- }low fever which appeared in Central i America recently was traced to Mex- jico and_prompt measures in Guate- mala, Honduras and Salvador suc- cessfully restricted further infection. Prospects for the control of vellow | fever in Mexico are brightening, it is stated. and in several of fhe Central American countries an agreement has heen reached to accept certificates of ! vaccination in lieu of quarantine de- tention. Representatives of business houses are being vaccinated before they leave for fever infected areas, it is stated, and stocks of vaccination are now available in all the countries where there is any likelihood of yel- low fever's appearance. Brazil affords a striking example of the educating effects of anti-hook- worm measures, the report states. The work began in 1916 and in four years it was extended to tie federal district and to nine states. which ap- . propriated, for .1921, $2,300,000 for rural sanitation. Last October a de- partment of public health was cre- ated, the repokt states. _—m a year. Admiral John 8. Carpenter, S.C. W. S. A, is in charge of the assisted by Lieut. Comman- classes, C. McIntosh and W. C. Neill. ders K. Take Over Coast Guard Service. Consolidation of the U. S. Coast Guard with the Navy by executive order will affect the first consolida- tion of executive offices under the present plan of reorganization and consolidation. The entire coast guard, which combined with the former life- saving service, will be absorbed by the Navy, although it is likely the ., life-saving service will eventually be merged with the lighthouse service in the Department of Commerce. facilities for training and instruction® gnaer administration of the Secretary when on an inactive status as circum- stantes permit. Within the limit of funds that may be utilized for this purpose, the War Department will make avallable for the use of re- serve officers such official publications as are necessary or desirable for their instruction. B i THE NAVY i > Owing to a recent ruling of the judge advocate general of the Na¥y. it has been found necessary to revise the regulations /n regard to hospital ships, the judge advocate general hav- ing' held in the recent general court- martial case of Lieut. Commander George that Commander Garton, an officer of the Medical Corps of the grand-| Navy and commanding officer of the She was snapped as she|[. S S. waved adieu to the shores of the Mercy, did not have authority under the law to issue an order to Lieut. Commander George, an officer of the line of the United States naval reserve force, which opinion was ap- proved by the department. = Loeal Bankers Lend Ald. Supply officers of the Navy sta- tioned in Washington are enthusiastic over the course of lectures on bank- ing business which are given them by nkers of Washington. The serles, which commenced August 1, takes up various IIII"SM:!l of special interest to the Navy's financial officers who are of the Navy the coast guard wil have a status similar_to that obtained the world war. ering the transfer of the commi: sioned officers, enlisted men and equipment to the Navy, it is a fore- gone conclusion that every factor in the successful operation of the coast guard will be advanced and the work extended whenever necessary. Other than the saving in administrative and operating cost by consolidation of services, there is much naval equip- ment available for the coast guard . which heretofore could not be used. Members of both services look for- ward to the consolidation, especially those officers who have made a study of the subject. Cut in Shore Officers. Officers serving at .shore stations will be reduced in number in order ~ to offset the prospective shrinkage of officer personnel which will be caused by the release from the service of temporary officers prior to December 31. Accordingly a board has been ap- pointed to effect the reallocation of ; officer personnel ashore. Rear Ad- . miral J. P. Magruder, who was re- cently relievel + - duty as naval af tache at Pai »een ordered t serve as presid his %= Change « Service. “ M. H. Mclntire, for the past thred , = years chief of the Navy news bureau, - which -corresponds to the information office of the War Department, retired - from that office last week and as- 2 [ e Cazette a trademark |cess. Their report to Corigress on this|of peace to qualify them for the per-|quests for training in gemeral be ap-|charged with the procurement of sup- | sumed charge at the Navy Department ™ g Hiowlayer the name of an subject must bo aviilable by the frst| formance of their duties in an emerg. | proved. /Should any oficer be called ST ad tho dishyrmemant of govern-|at the Nevy information service Jowa farm owned by Ledru C. Willits, day -in . Jandary.: Without ade-|ency.. The amount of training and |for the fifteen-day training period, he | ment- funds. The lectures, thirty in|McIntire will be succeeded in his late breeder of pure-bred hogs, cattle quate proyision in the pay of junior|instruction n varies with the | may be exempted such training | number, will continue up to Septem-|work by a naval officer who ~will sheep. He is the first kman, and | officars many ar to .seek other mflenefi. rank qualifications of | if the dpecial circumstances warrant. | ber 16. One of the most interesting | shortly be appointed. probably the first farmer, Segretary | professions, ly_since their.op- | i iduals, and with the nature of| Within the limit of funds and ac-subjects was covered during the past - —_— Yallace says, to obtain = United | portunity of in¢ income is|the dutles which they will be called | commodations availablp reserve of-|week by A.-C. Flather of the Ameri- 5, & A¢torney Receives Appointment. States trademark for his farm. If & 3 er in the his- | upon to perform in an-amergency. The | cers will be authorized to attend the|can Security and Trust Company on e e >4 farmer uses his farm name and trade Army - ~thy =|training and instruction of reserve |various ‘service schools. The attend-|“How_ His k Functions in Their | The n:po n“:n“l 9 s ”le-‘“m" mark as part of his selling eperations) time when ue:ahln of and | officers divides broadly into two gen- [ance at such achools is to be re; ted | New Business Departments, Its Cen- | Mr. Pl'k:fl- el e the trademark protects.the owner of [ duty has prevailed t present, | eral classes—first, training when on|so as to cause & uniform distribution |tral File Being the Chief Medium.” |of —al, e Be the farm in interstate commerce. ue to rorganization -and reédu active.duty, and. second, training and|throughout the or{anllcd reserves of | Added interest to the lecture was th ‘hefl-on. W] d:c s tted v e riion l"-urln' nam . wi e AR mmzflofl e ® o "“6" n"“.f.‘o'?&fi“&f'n mmullt served :l :nn ofl’mr in ;.“' Slt ’%&ll. :Iu- first public e > * & # 8 e officers who . 'i:’. :t‘; '::&:1& “fl‘nm 3 ] JIn time of peace the maximum obli- | missions in the National Guard will |the finance branch of g Navy dur- |service with the lnfls “'%f"' gistered by the government : 3 3 : m for active duty for reservg|receive their training as officers of | ing the war. It is proposed by those | eral dates to 1 1h'u ml.nl 3 ise of the farm neme oul e of | iegislatio! 5 w officers /is fifteen days fh any calen®'the National Guard. and will not be|in charge of the lectures to _hold alto practice ‘}h mu *Ne s'ate in which tha farm is-located. tire’ service.’ ‘The ‘cg&hm’lo ‘com- " dar "year, ‘subject to and within the intluded in such’ trainlng projects asiseries of same at least three times of the District in November,