Evening Star Newspaper, February 27, 1921, Page 34

¥THE E¥ENING STAR, With Morning Edition. wasznowom D. C. THEODORE, W. NOYES. . . . Editor BUNDAY. .....February 27, 1021 The Evening Newspaper Company #Buainess Office; 1ith St. aud Pennsylvania Ave. X Ice: = N Tribune Building. Europesn Office: 3 Regent St., London, England. k - ing The Evening Star, with the Sunday morn! edition, in delivernd by carriers within the city ts per month: daily only. 45 cents per cents per month. Or- sent ail, or telephone Maln 5000. Collection is made by carriers at the end of each month. ", Rate by Mail—~Payable in Advance. : Maryland and Virginia. " Dally and Sunday Daily only 2 _ Sunday only . All Other States. anday $10.0 00 0 ‘Daily ana b Amending the Constitution. With regard to the complaint of or- ganized lbor that the Constitution is 7 interpreted now by the courts and that s“laws are construed by them as consti “titional or otherwise, it has been sug- - gested that the remedy for this condi- tion lies, not in resistance to the law ‘as thus interpreted, but in an effort to ¢hange the Constitution in accordance | with the established method. ; If a jeint resolution proposing toi change the method of interpreting the| Constitution were adopted by a lwn-k thirds vote of the Congress and ratified by three-fourths of the stat, it would | effect the purpose which organized | ‘Jabor now announces. Any other mode | of change, any resistance to the de- crees of the court under the establish- | ed practice, is revolutiond " Constitution changing is not ea s possible. It was made difficult sely, to prevent frequent, experi- mental amendments, carrying the gov- -ernment of the United States far away | from the original form and principle. | ‘There have been nineteen amendments in all, ten of them proposed and rati- fied almost immediately after the| adoption of the instrument. Two more ‘were ver early incorporated in the fundamental law, to correct conditlfins, which experience developed. Three were adopted in adjustment of the is- sues raised by the civil war. One fol- * 16wed a decision by the Supreme Court | against the validity of the income mx,i and was designed to permit the im- Position of a tax’ of that character. Ancther changed the method of elect- ing senators. The eighteenth declared prohibition of intoxicating beverages and the nineteenth admitted women to equal suffrage with men. The last four amendments have been the most significant, in that they have been advocated and ratified in respomse | | storms are noted with concern. “Lows’ | of climatic ructions and a day such as standard of efficiency and diligence is|soviet reaction in that country. THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. In high. If there are spare moments, be- | Italy the workmen actually succeeded tween items of work, it is rather to|in obtaining possession of the plants the credit of the young women that|and held them for some time, produc- they should occupy them with some|ing goods while they were barricaded useful task, however frivolous the ma- | against the police. terials may appear to be. France is.not likely to “go soviet.” If there are too many clerks in the | There is a large socialistic and some government offices the fault lies not | communistic sentiment in that coun- with the clerks, nor even perhaps with | try, but it is in a decided minority. the superiors, but with Congress. Plans for a reorganization lie now before the two houses, for consideration. If the government work is overmanned, the chance is offered in the pending measures to reduce it to the basis of the maximum efficiency. If Congress wants Uncle Sam to be a severe master it has but to command him to reduce his force and to get the maxi-| mum out of every individual. | It is not altogether wise to take up |« all the “slack” in any system of cler- ical organization. One hundred per| cent efficiency does not come from 100 | per cent occupation. The force that | works steadily, with occasional brief intervals for relaxation, will get more results than one that works under pressure, with no time for breathing and rest. Every employer of labor knows the value of the pause in the| drive. If the departmental young women knit or stitch now and then they probably work the better for the occasional lapse into strictly feminine occupation. Inauguration Weather. 1f the usual program of inaugura- tion ceremonies were planned for March 4 there would now be the keen- est concern as to the weather pro pects for that day. Usually for a week before March 4, in inauguration years, the official weather maps are scanned closely with a view to determining the chances for a clement day. Rising| on the map are observed from issue to issue, to ascertain their probable courses. The natural weather signs are studied with more than normal interest. All this because at this sca- son of the year there is a large chance that in 1912 iS to be dreaded as a calamity, while one such as that eight | vears ago is to be welcomed as a bless- ing. But now there is no more concern over the kind of day March 4 will be| than on any ordinary occasion. No-| body likes a blizzard, and, of course, nobody wants one on March 4 any more than on March 1, or February . But if a blizzard should come next Friday, or If the day should be chill and drear, or rainy and unpleasant, there will be no very keen distress on the score of the spoiling of a great outdocr spectacle for which immense numbers have traveled from afar. Yet some thousands of people who wish to see the actual taking of the The example of Russia has thoroughly frightened off the radicals from any serious attempt to bolshevize the gov- ernment. Had the Paris workmen succeeded in seizing the plant upon which they raised the banner of rad- sm they would probably have been driven forth eventually with blood- hed. In none of the European countries west of the Russian border is there v decided tendency toward the Rus- an mode. The British workmen have displayed a remarkably steady disposi tion under severe stress and are tod: firmly t against the propagandi: who would swing them into radical reaction against the established order. Strikes have occurred and there is much distress through unemployment. The m: of the people, however, re- mains stead In Ru: ic elf there are repeated signs of resistance to the soviet or- zation. But these signs have ap- red in the past and are untrust- worthy as tokens of a determined ef- fort of the people to free themselves from the grip of the tyranny that has srappled them. At present the main hope for Russia appe: to be that sovietism will wear itself out, that the people will finally learn that they are being exploited for the benefit of a few theorists and fanatics, who are not concerned about the public wel- fare, but are secking to establish a dictatorship in which they are su- preme. So far this dictatorship has been successful, but it is inconceivable that it should endure permanently. American Solidarity. Stephen Graham, an English writer, who has recently been traveling in America, tells his friends at home that “iam the event of war between the United States and Japan the latter country will find a valuable ally in the American negroes.” Really! This man recalls the Span- ish writer who made a tour of this country when relations between America and Spain over Cuba were becoming strained, and advised his friends at home that, in the event of war, the southern states would ob- serve the conflict with indifference and allow the northern states to do all the fighting. After war was declared, among the first men to offer their services to President McKinley were prominent southerners; and Gen. Joe Wheeler, an ex-Confederate officer of note, and C. FEBRUARY 27, 9 1921—PART POLITICS AT HOME|Here Is a Much-Visited Fountain of Knowledge : 0 The South and the Cabinet. The south did mot draw a cabinet prize. But it must be admitted she deserved the recognition. She gave the republicans strong support last year. In some of her bailiwicks demo- cratic majorities, confidently expected, failed to appear. Republican plural- ities of huge proportions appeared in- stead. Even in thése balliwicks which stood by the democracy, the demo- cratic vote was greatly reduced. This led the republicans of ‘that sec- tion to seek recognition at Mr. Hard- ing's hands. They presented the names of a number of very capable men, easily of cabinet size, and with such experience and success in public affairs as warranted good service from ny one of them if chosen as a mem- ber of Mr. Harding's official family. The cards did not run in their di- rection. The prizes went elsewhere. Will this chill the growing repub- lican sentiment in the sowth? It i should not, and probably will not. These overtures were not dictated by bargains, with patronage as ithe me- | dium. * For years, republican policles have been slowly gaining favar in the south. Southern industrial develop- ment has been stimulated by them. Protection and sound money have strongly appealed to many southern Imen of substance and large credits i with eastern business connections. As those policies are to be made the foundation” for action by the re- | publicans now retugning to power, the effect in the south should be notable. For if success is achieved, the south will share in it very liberally. —————— America. It was for long the case that for- | eigners followed American affairs with but little if any interest. They read but little about us. Their newspapers published but little. They knew the life stories of Washington and Lin- icoln, but could not place in our equa- j tion men of smaller caliber. Our party leaders, our political ofators, our leg-' lislulbrk. our jurists, were practically unknown to them, while the doings on Capitol Hill rarely if ever came under their notice. At most they thought of us when at all as a pushing people, conducting an experiment in govern- ment on this side of the Atlantic, and which might or might not “blow up” {at any time. Occasional Buropean comments on American policies were Jjokes to us, they were so wide of the mark. It is very different now. American |news is abundant in the Ruropean press. The doings on Capitol Hill are liberally recorded, and comment shows appreciation of their value. Our lead- Making Films for RE Washingtonians intelli- gent? If the large nutber and wide range of yue: tions asked at the infor- mation desk of the Public Library are any Indication, then the an- swer is that theéy are intelligent. to an exceptional degree. ¥ Almost 7,600 questions a year, it is estimated, are answered at the information desk in the lobhy alone, while the reference desks in *the main reading room, industrial division and children’s room keep several assistants constantly busy running down material. It s said that it is not necessary to know a fact, but one must know where to fing it. Washing- tonians know where to look—that is, they know that if they apply at the Public Library some one there will give them the book con- taining just the date, quotationm, address, recipe, formula, law, his- toric event, statistic or any of, the other thousand and one facts that they need to know. So they come trooping along With their questions, ranging grom Prehistoric animals to the latest sclentific discovery, and from effi- clency to the abstract consider- ation of the subconscious mind. * % % % Roughly the questions divide themselves into information re- quired for personal or business advancement; questions relating to Washington, the municipality ana the natlon's capital, national and international affairs, problems of education, art andymusic inter- ests and a miscellaneous assort- iment of all kinds of historic, geographic, sociological, mechan- ical and literary questions. Among the first group are a large number of inquiries for material with which to prepare for examinations and promotions. A teacher seeking appointment in the public schools finds the nec- essary information in regard to teaching methods on her subject, some one glse secures material for a thesis for the public heaith service; a fireman prepares him- melf for promotion, and an appli- cant for the consular service col- lects and studies data for the re- quired examinations. “WIiil you give me some up-to- ate articles on the best way of " handling outgoing and incoming mail”? asks one man. Another wants books on progressive farm- ing. Two Army men from the Army photographic laboratory re- quire material on the moving pic- ture camera. The mushroom growth in Washington of tearooms has brought several persons to the Library to secure material on how to start a tearoom. One person ap- pareatly seeking novel ideas hunt- ed down descriptions of tearooms in forelgn citles, — Even an Asiatic, touring the country, seeks out the Library to look over its books on mechanical engineering with a view to mak- ing, purchases for his own country. “Have you books on the woman in business”? asks a slip of a girl, and settles down at a table to ex- amine the vocational books which open the possibilities of future ca- reers. She is only typical of the 'many young persons and older women, too, who faced with the necessity of earning their daily bread, try to study out from books the best line for them to follow. | * * x % Ts the idea of efficiency popular in Washington? Apparently, since there are numerous requests for applications of it to the office, to salesmanship, to business letters. Even the woman at home has caught the infection and bombards the Library for suggestions for ef- ficlency in household management. “I want plans for a small house,” or “Have you anything on the con- struction of sleeping porches?” are | auestions repeatedly asked. A man desiring to lay out the grounds of his new place visited the Li- brary seeking information on land- scape gardening, while another | made a study of plans and pictures for a small country church. he demand for material on thrift would indicate that some of the recent popular education along that line was bearing fruit, while | the request for “something on the value of time” suggests a pathetic struggle with the “almighty min- ute.” Selling China By Movies Chinese business men want to get better acquainted with American in- dustries through the moving pic- tures. Advised of entations, yet it is not difficult to se- cure any night in the week a large representative audience of Chinese business men to witness a display of motior picture films depicting Ameri- can industrial and commercial life. The American commercial attache 10 general public demand for changes. It there is ‘such a demand for the oath at the Capitol will be discom- moded and the city will be less at- Shange of the Constitution to lessen tractive to the visitors than usual. iing legislators are easily identified. Lieut. Hobson of the Navy, ‘a south-| What this one, that one, or the other ern man by birth, distinguished{one stands for, with respect to both Chinese Exhibit. i1;q fact, which |poy been trying for several years to secure from American manufacturers 1 st potent in trade de- should.proyeimost Bol +'and commercial organizations educas the power of the courts in its inter-| pretatior., it can and will be effected. It organized labor now believes that siich a change is essential to its wel- fave, it should move for it in the grderly way. . o = has been permanently changed in the i Another Naval Roosevelt. direction of simplicity. If Mr. Harding H elt, assistant secretary!” | i® re-elected ‘he may himself decide w title it.appears is destined to be four years hence to follow the old cus- the most frequently recorded in the | t°™ a0d permit the provision of fea- ; 1s of the Navy Department. For | tUres accomparying the takifg of the i nt-elect Harding annourices the mth_lhat will interest and inspire a _.g"' m""’m of-Théodore Roosevelt, jr., to| Multitude of Americans from all over the wm;.m-lce held by his fatfier the country. It is desirable, therefore, and- lately ‘vacated by his cousin, that the subject of the possible change ; lin. The propriety of the selec.|Of date of the ceremony should be ket in ot ions. Young Mr. Roosevelt kept alive, whatever the weather next kRas inherited many of his father's|FTiday and whatever the prospect of The discarding of the elaborate out- door ceremonies attendant upon the inauguration does not lessen, however, the reason for a change of the date of the transfer of executive authority. It does not follow that the program themselves greatly in Cuba during the progress of the war. So far from be- ing languid, the southern states vied with the northern states in supporting hostilities. No foreign country should make any mistake about the solidarity of America as respects American inter- ests. Whenever those interests are threatened there is an immediate and controlling response to the sentiment, | “America first.” The guntry that should invade the United States in ex- ectation of finding or creating -d}- 'visions-among creeds, colors, sections or conditions here which it could turn to its profit would firid, itself most woefully mistaken. i The fact that Secretary Daniels | | nation. American and world policies, is cor- rectly set down. Their names are spelled correctly in the dispatches, something that public men desire of all things. The American “experiment” has be- come the stanchest and most success- ful expression of government in the world. We are now the great creditor We are the doers of big things—the . “‘go-getters,” who bring home the bacen. - b, But among us are many men who have no appreciation of our Dperform- ances, or of the place among the na- tions we now occupy. They want a change. They would thrust aside thel form of the fathers, and put in its| their own which would not survive a velopment, a number of the larges! industrial concerns in this country are now having educational pictures made for exhibition in China. This trade hunting in China with the movies is especially timely now that Congress is considering a bill supported by the Secretary of Com- merce, officials of the State Depart- ment and particularly by Dr. Paul §. Retnsch, former minister to China, for incorporation of companies to pro- mote trade in China. This advertisi trade-promotion scheme ; uu;m.'v% bring results just about the time thi the United States incorporated ‘coms panies begin to erect and operate China factories, electric light plants, telegraph, telephone and railway lines—all depigned to build up & maf~ jplace a ramshackle arrangement of | ket there for the sale of American merchandise. - Qualities. He is vigorous and takes & Kkeenly intelligent interest in public affairs. His'father had no particular dptitude for the naval post to which he ‘was assigned by President McKinley. He had beer, interested mainly in civil s@rvice reform before then, but he de- . veloped for the naval position a qual- " #ication for which the country was| | $e0n to be warmly grateful. When the war with Spain broke it was' found that the useistant naval secretary had been most efficiently busy in prepara- tion, and the ease with which the Span- igh sea power was crushed was due in large measure to Mr. Roosevelt's forethought and practical prepared- ness. And during the great war Frank- . lin Roosevelt was himself also most + Helpful in the administration of the de- . partment. The hope is that there will be no war to test the mettle of the ' Younger Roosevelt who is now named ; to fill the post so peculiariy associated with the family name. But in war or in peace “Teddy’s son” will have the Lest wishes of the country for a suc-| cess in his first federal assignment following his participation in the big fight from which his father was bar. red. «Absence of elaborate inaugural em-| ellishments, will relieve the tendency in the popular imagination to asso- clatq patriotic pageantry with the #plendors of the circus parade. —_——— “ A great deal of European hunger) might have been relieved by sponey spent on questionable propa-| ganda in America. i . Slack Time in Departments. 3 Much lively discussion has been| aroused by Senator Smoot's recent re. thark that some of the young women emploved in the government depart-| fents occupy their office time in mak- ipg their trousseaus. There are those | who aver that the senator is correct, | and others who declare that he is mis- informed. The young women of the partments, thus accused as a cla feel that they have been igned. Others feel that they have been com. plimented by the suggestion that they are preparing for matrimony. But one ma the suggestion that they are loafing on Uncle Sam and are using the time for which he pays them—not very rally—in which to do “fancy work” and other things that it is needless to enumerate. » Truth is, there is very little loaf- fng In the government offices. Some lackers are there, of course. There are future preferences on the part of the chief personages in these affairs. Concealed Weapons. Judge McMahon declares that he is determined to make the law against carrying concealed weapons mean something to the offenders. He sen- tenced a “gun-toter” yesterday lu‘ serve 360 days in jail. That kind olg sentence will go far toward breaking up. the practice of carrying deadly | ‘weapons. ¥ But unfortunately it does not go far enough. Not one in a hundred pistol- carriers is ever caught “with the g0ods.” A person accused of this of- fense is usually one who has becn ar- rested on some other charge and who, on being searched, is found to have a weapon on his person. Prosecution for carrying concealed. weapons is thus merely a by-product of police work. The real safeguard against promiscu- ous gun-carrying lies in preventing the gun-carrier from getting the gun. That | can be accomplished only by making it impossible for him to buy a weapon unless he first gets a permit, not a wishes to take his office chair home with him as a souvenir would indi- cate that he has found it much more comfortable than some of his critics believed. ; single vigorous push. Marion and Springfield. Mr. Harding will take leave of his old friends and neighbors in an ad- porch. All Marfon will probably be present. i The town Is dear to him, and he to the town. He has had his growth there as citizen, and the people have observed with much pride .his suc- cess as a public man. This occasipn SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Failure to Connect. Now here is a plain bit of chatter In simple and innocent rhymes— Assuredly something's the matter With these most remarkable times. In the midst of the joy life is bringing ‘When Mr. Lincoln left Springfield * The ear is too often annoyed for Washington to take the oath of By statistical songs they are singing|office his old “friends and neighbors Of the number of men unemployed. | gathered to 8ay good-bye. He was very much affected by the demonstra- tion. Springfield was his home, and he was a home man. He knew every- body, and everybody knew him. Every- body was happy at the great eminence he had attained. | In fine architectural styles. i With so many dutles un;ye:;ed e ey heic napninsss; Which might make Iife better en. though touched, too, by a spirit of Joved sadness which crept into his parting aueer that a reference is meeded | vroro, 1 ®Poke briefly, but with best efforts. There are highways awaiting improve- ment - For thousands on thousands of miles, And housing has caused a great move- ment iIt's dress delivered from his famous. lron!I will probably {nspire hira to one of his| permit to carry the weapon, but a! permit tg obtain one. Naturally a per- son, who secures a gun-carrying per- To the number of men unemployed. Relative Terms. | presentation of a permit. are naturally indignant. Some of m,ml tunity for the display of those traits {of tactful courtesy for which Japan| "WheR I get to town the first thing and all feel that there is injustice in| mit, which is now possible in certain cases of proved probable need or a sured danger, is entitled to purchase the weapon which the law says he may carry. But there are hundreds of others who want to get guns who do not ask permission, many of them 2 v asked they would d, properly. These are the ones who are to be checked. Make it impossible for any person to | Bet a gun who does not prove his need, { to something. and the number of pistol crimes will diminish materially. The way to do this s to subject to severe penalty the person who sells a gun without the Meanwhile, it is to be hoped that the Police Court will continue to give the limit of the Imurked effect, and waved his hand, and was gone. His remarkable state papers, sol Befote the world: war there were only three or .four unimpol firms located in China and our percen age of 'China’s forelgn trade amounted but 6 per cent, the balance going, Great Britain, Germany, France and Ja< pan, With small amounts to varipif other countries. - Our percentage noW is better than 17 per cent, or $287.% 000,000, for the year 1919. The number of American firms interested’in Chis as indicated in the mémbership of- the Amerftan Chamber of Commerce of China at Shanghal. has increased from i forty-eight in 1915 to 313 in 1920. A few years ago the American As- ) nese friends to a theater in Shanghay to sea’a dozen American motion :pic. ture films descriptive of American if- of those who-received invitations ac- cepted, and the house was packed. It was a marked success, and merchants can -Association, according to Com- mercia] Attache Julean Arndld, who has done much to develop this new and powerful advertisin@ agency. ‘While the Chinese are not keenly in- terested in the American photeoplay films, ‘because our social customs are quite different from their own, and there s much which they cannot un- derstand in those melodramatic pres- cap- dustry and commerce. Eighty Per cent | tions, as the written language in China tional and industrial films for use in China. About 100 of these films have been collected, and they are being circu- lated all over the country. The demand is far in excess of the supply, and sev- eral thousand of these films could be kept in circulation to good advantage. The audiences comprise the educated classes and the great business public. They are all keenly- interested in un- derstanding the methods. and ma- terials of the west. When the Silk Assoclatton of Amer- lil wished to convi: the Chinese silk producers that ft was 1o their interest to prepare the standard I erican skein, and inciden help tdi-extend the source of supply for our great sik industry, they decided that the most effective method would bé through the display of motfon pic- ture films among the <Chinese silk producers, showing how _American stlk mills operate, and how best to i prepare the standard American skein. hen the representatives of the Silk Association of America visited Canton, the great silk center of the south, to show these films to the silk producers there, more than 1,500'persons came each night for ten nights. "Hundreds. ot silk men came in from the country to see the pictures,”and went back convinced of the great market possibilities which the United States offered for Chinese sjtk, if-prepared to meet the needs’of oar high-speed machine looms: A8 & re. salt o;suug tour, within three year: i e per cent of the silk of that seéction of China was prépared in the | new way. and substantially shcreased America’s l‘o:rceior&unn;{i A similar work " done.in the. silk-producin, sectfon of-central China. '+ P 328 ‘While -thé people of North- China speak practically one dialect; those in the south speak numerous dialects, so that it is impossible for even a Chinese to go about the country and make him- soclation of China invited its “Chi-|sell understood even by all of his own people. But the language barrier. is overcome 10 @ great measure in the mo- picture; flim, especlally - when the films “are provided with Chinese e AT e idea of e impartance of ins trade to America is shown o of other nationalities commented upan | Statistics of the trade between the the enterprising spiric of the Amerl: | two countries taken from the Grinbic customs reports. The trade betwe 319 United States and China nelrel; uadrupled between 1904 and 1919, This tremendous development in fif. teen years gives some idea of future poséibilities if American manufactur- ers and exporters are placed on equal {ooslng‘ wl(t:l;“eom;luetltorl. American rade in na largel, Shanghai. Bt A Catechism of the Constitution “Is our cxcitable friend a reaction.j 57®!y admired wherever known, e have overshadowed that address. But | “I wouldn't say 80" replied Santori it was caught and preserved, and con- | Sorghum. “He's more nearly what 1| tains as much of the true Lincolnian | should call & plain Fuctionary.” ‘nnlrlt and beauty of utterance as any- | thing the author has left to the world. The occasion developed all the tender- Jud Tunkins says he sometimes wishes we could get back to the old| | times when the average person was | Of his words. not expected to make a speech except| e did not return in life. But that on his birthday or when he got elected | Was & time of tragedy, and he was its most {llustrious victim. Mr, Harding’s lines are cast in a better time, and He will see Marion and his old friends again. g —— The fact that Mr. Dawes does not propose to figure in official life de- prives the Congressional Record of Sunshine and Snow. To scatter sunshine when he could He toiled, 3s men well know. The people of the neighborhood Declared that he would be more good If he would shotel snow. law to those who are caught with un- permitted guns on their persons. —_——— The Island of Yap gives an oppor- i has been famous. ——— German bonds are planning to make {their way into foreign territory through Belgium. Radicalism in Europe. . A red revolt in Paris has flashed in the pan. Some workmen raised the red flag upon an industrial .plant in the suburbs, intending -to take it over in the morning. But when they some in every organization. There are arrived on the scene the next day they perhaps some even in the Capitol. But | found the place surrounded by police | that he wasn't very well acquainted & visit to any government office should [and were forced to desist. .‘zo_r_wince the average observer that the|the Italian method during the recent|should tell him my troubles.” This was X 4 some great possibilities in the way of snappy dialogue. ———— It may be difficult for a President- elect, however even-tempered, to find himself facing a losing game of golf and a series of cabinet criticisms in the same day. —_——— Eventually as much interest will be taken by Congress in proper residen- tial provisions for eminent officials at home as for ambassadors abroad. ———— ‘There may be some sentiment in the grandstand for the impeachment of Judge Landis, but the bleachers evidently are on his side. —_——— In the great game of politics Sena- tor Hiram Johnson has decided to play both ends of the map, Working With a Decoy. “Afen’t you afraid you'll be lonely fup in the big city?” “No,”" replied Farmer Corntossel. I do is to take a large roll of bills out of my pocket and count it over. After that there are so many con- fidence men comin’ around trying to buy my lunch or take me to the thea- ter that I scarcely have any time to myselt for business.” - Familiarity. “Did you inform father you intend o marry me?” said the girl with flufry hair. “Yes,” answersd the young man with large eyeglasses. “All he said was with me and he didn't see why I ness of his nature and all the witchery ! Q. To what does the second article of the Constitution refer? A. To the President, | term of office and duties, | Q. How long is the presidential term? \ A. Four years. The Vice President | is elected for the same period. Q. TIs the President elected by the people? A. Not directly. Votes are cast for presidential electors, whose number is equal to the total number of senators and representatives in Congress. Q. How are electors selected? A. In such manner as the legislature of the state may direct. ‘What are the restrictions concern- ing electors? A. No senator or representative or erson holding an office of trust or :mflt under the United States can be an elector. his election, | ., Q How do electors choose a Presi- dent and Vice President? They meet in .their respecti su‘l.el andycasl their votes for the candi= dates. Thelr certificates are sent to the president of the Senate, who, in the pres- ence of the Senate and the House of Representatives, opens the certificates and the votes are counted. Candidates must have a majority of the electoral votes to be elected. 3 ‘What happens if no candidate celves a majority of the votes? In-that case the House of Repre- -r‘knlvu proceeds to ballot for Presi- dent, the representation from cach state being_entitled to one vote. Te- BY HENRY LITCHFIELD WEST. Issued by the National Security League. (Copytight, 19010.), In Twelve Lessons—No. 8. ; Q. Why do the presidenti; meet on the samo day in u.llmalt.lg:'i'wrs A. Because the C e onstitution so di- Q. What are the qualificatf e oat q fons for the A. A President must hav in tho United States, mi Do ot 1‘?;."2 hirty-five years of age. and of this country for fourteen veara, oont .AE;? What oath does the President A. His oath is in these S do solemnly swear (or unn:?fiu'dt { will faithfully execute the duties of President of the United States, and will, to :ha lae:lt :t my abllity, preserve, pro- ect an lefend the Consti United States.” fition ot the . Q. What are the principal duties the President as specified x;;y the Cugf stitution? . A. He is the commander-in-chief of the Army and Navy With the advice and consent of the Senate he points ambassadors, consuls, judges and other federal officers, and he grants reprieves and pardons for offenses against the United States, except in cased of im- peachment. - He can convene Congress in extraordinary session and is directed to give Congress from time to time ir formation on the state of the He is also y and the Senate,” provided two-thirds of the Senators present occur. Q. Can the President be removed from office? A. Yes, if he is impeached and con- victed of ireason, bribery or other high|she had accumulated during 8 has rably. crimes and misdemeanors, HEARD AND SEEN Laughing at the United States weather bureau issrapidly passing out of style, if the sport cannot already be said to have become a thing of the past. : When the bureau last week practi- cally predicted to the hour when the snowstorm would hit the District, it about gave the finishing blow to the old jest about the unreliability of its weather predictions. Once upon & time nobody would beliove what the “weather man” said. It was fashionable to iaugh at the bureau’s predictions, pleasantly ridi- cule its warnings and never fail to recount its failures at length. Perhaps even in those da weather bureau “hit it” a gre eal more than it ever “missed it but the misses became universal topics of conversation, ~whereas there were none to do the prophets’ “hits” jus- tice. Even here in the National Capital poking fun at the weather bureau reigned. But those days are past, It has at last dawned upon th' aver- age man. seemingly. that ghe bu- {reau, with its latest scientific instru- ments, and its staff of men who have made alife work of this business, is in a better position to forecast weather than the ground hog. ator sends an unexpected air cur- rent swirling over a certain area the weather bureau cannot help it, for its predictions deal only with known conditions and conditions which it may r-.\u‘;mlnbly expect. en and instruments can go - ther than that. gl * % It was a cold winter morning. In front of one of the city's large downtown hotels four colored men stood waiting, while two more were at at- tention across the street. Suddenly two well dressed men emerg- €d from the hotel entrance. The four colored men immediately swooped down upon the men. They {rushed close to them, and one of their number seemed to snap his hands under the nose of the larger of the two hotel patrons. The two paid no attention to the ac- tions of the four. The colored men then retreated to their former positions, but kept a ciose watch on the two standing at the hotel entrance. When 2 third man joined the two, the whole pantomime was repeated. It got too much for an observer, who approached the two watchful colored men standing across the street. “What's going on over there?” he asked. *"Deed, boss,” replied the man, “they is waiting to carry the drummers’ cases.” He smiled. “I'm after one of dem jobs myself,” But ‘for awhile it looked like more labor trouble. = - % On his way to work for many weeks A young government employe saw a pretty face. It was just a lithograph face on a billboard, like thousands of others, but there was something about it that appealed to the young cierk. Perhaps it was the wistful some- thing which the artists had managed to get into the eyes. Billboard art is not always of the highest, but this time the artists had managed to “get over” a bit of real expression. ‘Those eyes met the gaze of the clerk every morning as he went to work. As the lithograph managed to retain its place day after day, while ads of things to eat and to wear came and were pasted over again, the man got interested. Every morning as he passed the board he found himself looking for those wistful eyes. But_time creeps over everything, even billboards. and fair lithograph |ladleu with wistful eyes that belie their bespangled skirts. ' Bit by bit the lady disintegrated. Arm by arm, leg by leg, ear by ear, the lithograph disappeared under the devastating touch of weather, aided by time. . Yet those eyes persisted. ‘They were enough. As long as they greeted him édch morning _ their friend felt as if his lithograph lady was still his. indeed, her wistful eyes still were. Buf onme night thert was a snow- storm. The next morning his lady was gone. CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Europe Cannot Pay. A carefully studied article in the Semaine Financiere of Paris shows that Europe's hopes of reconstruc- tion are based on the supposition that, sooner or later, the war debts to America will be canceled. The arti- ] cle says: “The press is beginning to discus i the complex question of settling debts owed by Europe to America. When we -say ‘settlement,’ we are using a euphemism, for no country in Europe is able to pay back to the total amount of debt. The enormous sums owed individually to the United States are very striking. According to the latest statistics, the war loans alone, made by nine FEuropean states, amount to a sum of $9,626,439,000, classified as follows: Great Britain, $4,277.000,000. France, $3,047,975,000. Italy, $1,620,023,000. Belgium, $343.455,000. Russia, $187.730,000. Czechoslovakia, $55,330,000. Greece, $43¢236,000. Rumania, $25,000,000. Serbia, $26,700,000. Total, $9,626,439,000. “It must be remarked that we have not taken into account here either the repayments made between times nor the interest due. The interest of France's debt counted at the modest rate of 5 per cent would amount in a year to 152,000,000 francs. The repay- ments which have been made are quite insignificant, ang according to information received do not exceed $12,000,000. “How are France and other coun- tries going to discharge the debts to America? No one knows; no one can say. = '!l‘his conclusion is, indeed, not quite exact, for it is evident that no debtor is able today to meet such huge lia- bilities. Do we not realize in what situation such a settlement would place Europe with the low rate of the franc, the lira, the rouble, the crown. etéd. When money loses 20, 30 or 80 per cent of its value, it is absurd to think of paying fgreign debt “We will not waste time in examin- ing the business of all the debtor states in America. Ours alone interest us. We will simply state that Great Britain has the intentlon of request- ing Lord Chalmers to negotlate the conversion of English debts of ll\grt terms into one or several long-dated loans. So that England, the most fa- vored among the European belliger- ents, is obliged to demand a prolonga- tion of her credit just as we have ntil now. do'x“let ‘:Vfll be remembered that when the American Congress was discuss- ing the first loans to Europe, when Wilson was fighting_desperately at the United States Senate for the treaty of Versailles, voices were heard in favor of canceling France's debts. If the treaty had been rati- fled it is_probable that the question of war loans to allied countries would have been treated in a broader spirit. “But.” this place. Japan, ntipues the writer, “since o many events have taken A violent crisis started in spread over the two Americas and ig shaking Europe. The United States, who thought she well sheltered from :wl:‘ mlcrc.ool?dnlll:l; 0 the o tions thanks t p BoMa hat The fac- 4 suffered conside: It also is realized that if the Cre- | FIFTY YEARS AGO IN THE STAR. For two daye. February 20 and °1. 1871, Washington gave itself, over to merriment in “celebra- The Avenue tion of what was regard- E ed as the first step Carnival. toward the redemption of the Capital and its development as & model American city. That step was the completion of the paving of Pennsyi- vania avenue. For woeks beforehand committees had been-at work in prepa- ration. An elaborate program was ar- ranged. The Avenue was profusely dec- orated with flags and bunting and Chinese lanterns. Its surface was swept as clean as a floor. On Monday morn- ing. February 20, the city was crowded with visitors who arrived by every train {and boat. The hotels were packed and many of the people from out of town were actually without sheiter. The crowd aled those of inauguration times, The issues of The Star of the two days of the carnival and the day fol- lowing are filled with the reports of the affair. There werc horse races on the Avenue from 2d to 14th streets, rated as A mile course. After the races the first the street was thrown open for day {Pack. In the afternoon a civic parade | hold the scene, with the fire department in a conspicuous position. Later foot races, goat races and wheelbarrow races were run. In the evening fireworks were displaved on the White lot. At night a grand ball was held at the Cor- coran Gallery of Art, to open that insti- tution and to raise funds for the com- pletion of tha Washington Monument ! On the second day the particuiur feature was a masque carnival on the Avenue. together with more races and a tournament The masque pa- rade was especially brilliant and in- teresting, with a great variety of cos- tumes and some especially ingenius groups and representations. A striking feature of this parade was a travesty on the Capital-moving proj- ect, with a representation of the Capitol building in a cart drawn by a diminu- tive donkey and driven by an imperson- ation of Reavis, the chief proponent of the scheme. On the sides of the cart were igns reading: “For St. Louis, via Duluth “and Yubee Dam,” and “For Lootville, via Foolstown." - * x One of the interesting incidents of the carnival, according to The Star of February 21, Bean Hickman Was the appear- ance on horseback on Horseback. ,; peay” Hick- man, a notable figure on the streets of the capital fifty and more years ago. Hickman had become so af- flicted with gout that he could mot walk, but he made his appearance on horseback and created a sensation. The Star said: “He dldn't go in a carriage, but, | mounting one of John Price’s flery. untamed sorrels, he cavorted up and down the Avenue with cane in one hand and reins in the other. Those gouty feet that have known every Avenue brick and hotel tile for fifty years past wemp in a pair of stirrups that no one womld ever dream they could get into, and amid the cheers of the crowds on the sidewalk Beau galloped along with his pants up to his knees and a cigar in his mouth (with nary a light) at an angle of 15 degrees.” At night on the second day there were three carnival balls—a full dress civic ball at Masonic Temple, A mas- querade ball at the National Theater and a tournament ball at Marini's Academy. | "The Star in its issue of February 22 said: can sum up results. Deficient in parts, it was as a whole undeniably brilliant and effective. The illumi- nations the first night and the masquerade procession yesterday were the redeeming features of the affair. Another year, with the experience gained concerning the weak points of this initiatory festival and by con- centrating energy and expenditure upon the features found most attrac- tive in this experiment a wonderfully effective display may be made. the whole should be compressed into a single day.” DIGEST OF FOREIGN PRESS torfes are closing one after the other, and unemployment has reached grave proportions. The great industries which had considerably _increased their capacities for production, in anticipation of reconstructing FEu- rope, have experienced the fact of the customers suspending their pur- chases. And the cotion crisis, the coffee crisis, the leather crisis, burst forth suddenly and with a violence whick surprised political circles, and ‘curiously also financiai circles “Consequently, today the people of the United States are confronted with a cruel dilemma, which ought to ex- clude from among them ail selfish ideas. Either they will persist in her policy of indifference with re- gard to Europe, and this attitude will mean ruin to her, for her export com- merce will go down the stream, or the United States, conscious of the importance of the solidarity of peo- ples, will look toward Europe and will help her to recover. By this means she will be permitted to live, to produce, to export and finally to | inaugurate normal economic relations | with the world abroad. | “America, which has considerable | resources in silver and raw materials, | cannot leave them unproductive. She | must make use of them to provision | her usual clients. It is only by this policy that she will insure to her com- merce and her industry the activity | and prosperity which are needed. “On the other side, Europe, provided with long-term credits and endowed with raw materials at moderate rices, would be able to think jover Ber tconomic and financial recon- struction, which is due to her after x years of upheaval. W are right, then” he continues, n being optimistic about America's attitude. We may reasonably count on her help, not only for the good of humanity, but because the instinct of self-preservation makes a complete change necessary in her economic and financial policy with regard to Bu- Tope.’ i Hungary to Strike at Reds. Bolshevism may be credited with one good deed if we are to believe the report of the London Post's V! enna correspondent, which declares Hungary ready to forget old quarrels Innd unite with Poland to face the red offensive predicted for this spring. The dispatch says: [, “Dr. Gratz. the new Hungarian ! foreign secretary, has emphasized the | necessity of joint action against the common danger. and exp the | ish that the forces raised. against ! polshevism at the moment of danger should not be weakened or neutral- ized by old enmities and hatred. “Hungary, he thinks, had no cause ito despair, a8 time would make good the great injustice contained in the peace treaty and already recognized as such by some who joined in cre- ating M. Dr. Gratz adds that he did not abandon the hope that the West Hungarian question would still be settled 80 28 to avert a permanent rift in friendly relations between Hungary and Austria. “Dr. Gratz expresses regret that Austris was suffering s0 much un- der the terrible burden of the faulty peace treaty, and said he anticipat- gd 8 catastrophe, which would also be seriously felt by Hungary, if no way out of her misery could be of- fered to Austria. He speaks with considerable warmth of Germany. saying that Hungary, which had faithtully stood by Germany in her most_critical times. had no cause to pleasure riding in carriages and on horse® said: ell, the carnival’s over and we " And * L4