Evening Star Newspaper, May 21, 1892, Page 8

8 2 STYLES ARE NOT NEW They Are Modified or Exaggera’ Reproductions of Former Agea, THE ORIGIN OF FASHIONS. Mary Stuart's Dress Designs Seen in the Fashionabl Beautifal Women Have Adorned Them- selves With Kich Fabrics, N 1330 A WOMAN'S place im society was de- termined by the length of her veil. In 1892 her social status is fixed by the amount she can af- ford to waste in dress goods for sweeping the pavements, yet De Moli- “Fashions largely subject to cial and economic or- grnizau ciety." Somebody should de- fine the * mie” principles involved in the Bneleanly “street traine. x seys: “The tendency of fashion in modern times in @ manner reflects ents of the people,” but one scarcely Yikes to aver that the craze for Clee and a one wish to insinuate that because women have ebosen to make i ruff « setting for their sweet it ates a desire also to adopt the questic nits of the Valois. lame Pompadour left an impress on styles Gowns of Today—In Every Age | the influence of the so-| desperately im le that the average woman is 20 @ y uninteresting in the average ned erage gown tar ym the bands of the a MEDALS FOR HEROES. Trophies Which Uncle Sam. Grants for Saving Life. MADE OF GOLD AND SILVER. A Woman Who Refused a Medal for Hero- tam--Lottors Which Accompany the Medale —A Wreck That Was Done on Purpose— Some Remarkable Disasters and Rescues. Written for The Evening Star. NLY ONE PERSON has over refused to ac- cept from the govern- ment medal for hero- ism in saving life. The Department "of the theship. |The ‘on board were all saved. @ Spaniard came Ries ‘witha ham tied around his neck. Fae article of value he had been able ‘to-secute af the last moment, WRRCK OF THE CALUMET. A rescue seldom equaled for bravery was ac- complished by theological students at the wreck of the steamer Calumet on Lake Michigan, No- vember 28, 1889. They were assisting them- wolves in 6 course of study at Ei DL, by ROOTS maplorment as surfmen attached to ‘the life-saving ‘station there, The occurred near Fort Sheridan, fifteen miles and the crew of gallant young fellows wna oned to the scene by telogray Five of reached the away, Treuc! by shot- line. Nevertheless, they lowered the boat with launched her against deaper- pe and saved all of sons on Board. stitutions of Every Kind, MUCH MISREPRESENTATION In Almost Every Article Treating of the United States—Some of the Misstatements Exposed—Englich Elections and Those 1; ‘This Country—Women‘s Small Wages. Special Correspondecne of the Evenine Star. Loxpox, May 12, 1892. ASK FOR GENEROU consideration once more, referring to Brit- ish treatment of Ameri- again isit strange, in the face picture of his country, that Dr. Cyrus Edson. the North American lteview.should ask: Next in numbers come the land owners, of whom 118 are unionists and 43 home rulers. Other professions and occupations a: Teprosented as fellows among the parliame: tary candidates: Manufacturers, unionists, 76, and heme rulers, 72; merchants, tnioniste, 25, and home rulers, 34; newspaper proprietors and) {cuneliots, unionists, 13, and home rulers, brewers and distillers, unionists, 11, and home rulers, 17;stock jobbers, unionists, 8, and home fashionable dressmaker. They all look as though made in the same mold, or, like a ror of houses put up fer rent, each the other counter} ‘et most of these women would be comely, if not picturesque, if they spent one-third of the time studying’ individual styles that they so assiduously designed by nobody in particular for everybody devote to fashion plates ral. In adopting these styles without molification or change the average woman makes herself as bizarre as the capital would look if a Queen Anne roof were set above the Roman columns. Justa little thought spare the artistic sense such utter para- mand women would look vastly more | sensible, us well as prettier. The styles have been ranging backward for several years, d just now are divided between the empire with Its excuse for a waist, Esa- beth, with her abnormally elongated bodices, | and the peasant dreas of Catharine of Russia. ‘That female member the Mafia who presented her beautiful rival with poisoned gloves and then shed crocodile tears above her distorted that is felt even today, but the devotees at the | dead face; who gave her own daughter, Mar- shrine of Mer exquisite taste display no disposi tion to adopt with the dress the morals of the Gesigner. aret de Valoix, poiséned ronge that Henry of re might kiss death on her lips, has been long copied by thick and thin, tall and short women without regard to the becomingness of the Medici ruff and high collar, Marie Antoinette has still devotees, when a fair sweet face can stand the simple severity of the kerchief about the shoulders, Joan of Are anda whole train of ancient amazons appear en the extremely fashionable and dreadfully abused corselet bodice ix mentioned. ‘The im gold or silver, according to the degree of bravery exhibited in the performance. It is not necessary thatthe reeipient shall succeed in Tescuing anybody, but merely that the attempt shall display the requisite q: earnest effort. According to the legul enact- ment covering such cases « trophy of gold ean only begiven when the savior has risked his or her own life. That was the reason why onl: with the moon, for some be of new fashion and some of the old, some with sleeves hai ing down to the skirts trailing and east over their shoulders Mke cows Some have sleeves much shorter cut arm, some have capes reaching down middle of their backs. faced with velvet or fine d very heavily. Others were plaited and crested down the back wonderfully with other knacks. for six honre poemetpele Edith did not actually ris her life, and #0. she Treasury awards such valuable tokens of na- “tional appreciation for | Take services rendered,aoting under® Jaw made by Congress direeting the bestowal of them upon deserving individuals, of daring and y silver medal was granted to Miss Edith ich., who helped to reons from the wreck of the 1878, in a blinding suow storm, when the doomed ship was transformed | fri into an iceberg by thi her. It being impossible to launch a boat, a shot bearing a line was cast bya gun over the voosel, and all the people were fetched ashore safely in the breeches buoy. Though she waves breaking oyer in =, with the men on the beach effect rescue, the noble jot onlyasilver medal, with the thanks of Uncle Sam. ‘This she declined, saying that if what she had done was not worth gold medal she did not care for any. joes who Cycle trgea al from . None ever been asked for oF Siainea by the crew at Ship Canal, higan. which ‘performed the famous feat November 17, 1886, Night had fallen when the telegram came from Marguette, 110 miles a ro vessels ashore here; id soon had all must Fou help us?” | Swift came the an- "We will come.” With incredible specd the apparatus was loaded .upon a special train and, with a mighty cheer from the crowd and a scream of detiance from the engine, away dashed the brave crew on its splendid errand at @ speed of a milo minute. Before the stroke of midnight they had arrived and work was be- gun in the midst of the worst snowstorm of the fenaon. After eight hours of indomitable effort twenty-four people were aaved, avd over the wires in all directions sped the message, “Not a life lost. One winter night on the dreary New Jersey const @ patrolman of the life-saving service spied through the sleet and rain a dim red light ‘om a wrecked schooner. He ran a mile to fetch the crew and apparatus. In the darkuess, 8 the storm grew more wild, a big rope at last Was safely stretched between the vessel and the shore. The breeches buoy leaped across the surf, and presently returned with one of the sailors holding the pale and fainting wife of the ¢xptain, On the next trip it fetched the cap- tain himself, with his six-year-old girl hugged ightly to his breast, her little wet fuce full of cheer and faith as she was swung safely over the roaring sea. The old surfman who carried her to the station said, “I wasn't ashamed to cry for joy when the little thing held on to m:| broad-brimmed hats with flying ribbons, loads of Ince and flowers and nodding plumes once made bewitching backgrounds for the pretty teasing face of L. Bonaparte. The bows and decorating the buck of bodices at ders were commonly worn from the euth to the early part of this century. The of fur, feathers, and flowers were worn in the ‘sixteenth ‘century and were quite it, When such a trophy, whether of gold or silver, is sent to anybody it is accompanied by setter bearing the signature of the Secretary tl The gold medal awarded for life saving is worth about $40 for the metal mer that f in Treasury in his own writing. This fetter recites in detail the circumstances of the act of heroism performed by the recipient, just ae if it werea story with which the latter was the rage in the first quarter of this, unacquainted, closing with a few compliment- A ary phi There ts a purpose in thi Just now Mary Stuart, the fair cousin gnd medal has only an indefinite significance, but Boa OF Topar. It is exasperating to exclusive elegance, but ertheless a fact, that there are no “new jons." What is termed so is simply a ification or exaggeration of a style which its day in almost forgotten ages. BO NEW FASHIONS. One may study the style of one’s figure, the ‘of the bill in one’s purse, and the occasion +h the contemplated raiment is particularly fmeant to grace, and after it is all evolved, ted to the occasion and the bill to both, on¢ simply found o replica of a style worn— fwell, perhaps not by Eve in Eden, since the jons then ran more to the nude in art than customs and climate of today admit—but along the centuries one is sure to ind that the new idee is really musty with age, that after all we have but "Copied fair the past.” For in all ages and all times the frosting of iver, glitter of gold and gleam of gews, the ‘ofsilken fabrics and incense of costly fumes have united to make women beautiful contributed largely toward making men table. Fallacy indeed to suppose that dizzy clf world has been whirling in space Yor centuries, and the women upon it, blind $ntil now to the charm of « jewel on white hand 6 Whiter neck, the fascination ina mass of noa- ealing lace or the music in the swish of ted silken skirta. Boa OF 1828, One of the charmin, women of Wash- Ington sai » arrayed her divine form in a fetching tea gown after a whole day fn a sti ‘Ob, I am 80 gla live in tea gowns; thi are 80 2 distractingly ned ore her this kind covers b ne must get says the beautiful if * painti y wom: of the Carlogovinians, f rich lace from the ist by a pointed ery, over which ichly embroidered an exact copy the wide sleeves of sulk hieenth century madame bat lk sleeves with a fail of lace pe Banay, 1770. ‘The beantiful Rose probably never heard of 2 toa gown.” but she knew the effectiveness of that sedu on of lace and dry goods, and—perhaps “Dick” was right, but what woman will forego tea gowns because of their Seecinution? It is because anything original in style is so rival of the masciiline Elizabeth, is particularly favore¢ Pretty frail Mary Stuart, descendent from the blood reyal of Henry Vi pasin to a queen, a married queen of France and the anointed queen of Scotland, whoni Lamartine pro- nounced the most fatally lovely and weak wo- man of her century, whose sunny curls came at last to the block through Elizabeth's hatred of derful ity. still holds the seepter of fashion. And ashion’s mailed hand is stronger even than was Both well’s when he shut unhappy Mary away from silks and yelvets, laces and jewels until he con- sented to marry him, MARY STUART'S TEA GowN. When the child queen of Scotland, @ maiden of sixteen, wedded the fifteen-year-old Dauphin of France, her princess robe of satin was deseribed by the court chronicler as “whiter than a lily and gio in its fashion and decorations. Over it was worn @ close-fitting mantle of regal style of bluish uncut velvet richly embroidered with silk sewn with seed pearls. The train, twelve yards long, was carried by the four Marys, and floating wbout her exquisite form w: of priceless lace.” Half a dozen times since Easter this princess bridal toilet. robe and veil, has been duplicated here in Washington. Although the word “tea gown” is compara- tively modern, the thing itself is as old as time. The" French "characterize it neglige. Mary Stnart had one of these enchanting gowns, a de- scription of which as well aa picture existe. The front was a solid piecefrom throat to hem of white uncut brocade velvet, the arbesques out- lined with seed pearls, and the outer robe worn over it was of white damask elaborately embroid- ered with pearls. It had close, long sleeves and high neck, both finished ‘with ruftes of priceless lace, and great puffs of pearl-embroid- ered Ince covered the top of the sleeve. On her sunny curls she wore a bandeau of pearls, just as is worn today, and her tiny satin Ali pers were set with seed pearls, ‘This was t tea gown of royalty of the sixteenth century, and one of the pearls gemming it would buy whole wardrobe for the woman of today. TEA Gowx oF Topar. When the young king of France died and Scotland demanded the return of ite girlish sovereign she went back to the land of her birth and heritage, and a famous painting shows her in her traveling robe of white uncut velvet, over which she wore along trained princense robe of black velvet lined with white silk, high puffed sleeves and Medici ruff, while upon het Read she wore o high pointed walking hat with white plumes drooping from the back. of the finest pictures of Queen her in_ regal robes of black velvet . aguin made princesse and with gel sleeves e strands of pear! and hey caught with braided ropes of About her neck she wore the famous necklace of pearls given her by Henry I when she mar- fed the Dauphin, and the rare laces at her rists aud thrown about her neck afterward selped to get her food when she was hi and a fugitive from her balf brother. It was dress that she wore when stern, uneomy mixing John Knox called her a a ous woman and spendthrift,” her be put to death instead of living she ought to toensnare men’s hearts with her beauty. Doubtless Knox thought all her fasci- nation was toher personality a rogally beautiful woman, tall and gracef aad bee slender, and she knew that damaske cades, velvets and rich laces best became her style when they fell in long, unbroken from her dimpled chin to ‘her Hence she i generally pictured | im trailing princesse robe which, with modi- nable corselot fications, 19 60 fashior framed and hung upon the wali, where 1t can formed, And we have them all today, “the fashions changing with the moon,” long, medium, three- quarter and angel sleeves, laces, velveta, strect- sweeping trains, fringes and capes.’ In the matter of hats and wraps the Tudors have had performed by Lieut. L. K. Reynolds of the Queen Mury's two husbande—even all three, for Bothwell had even apother style of eape— have given us styles in “awell” ccpes, modified, tically the sume. usbands of the queen were all the rage during the past winter, and the cute little bang of Lord Darnly is quite conventional enough for the When Queen Mary was dressed for death the court chronicler, like the society reporter, fol- lowed her to the edge of ete! her widow's robe of over with gold,” he says, and shows that this “widow's robe outer garment was really an th long train and wide angel leeves. Under this gnrment, which was lined with marten sable and bordered with ermine, she wore a crimson velvet petticoat and pointed About her neck was the wide Medici collar of Ince, and over her floated her long white veil, emblem of her ro} She wore a chain of sweet-smelling which was attached a scapular, and a n her uncovered bosom. handkerchiefs were the fashion then, for ged with a “silk kerchic? heavily embroidered in gold, with the thistle, the royal emblem of Scotland. etty fashions set by Queen Mary arc badly the least of the evils of yaxe they are pretty and the sixteenth ‘cen- tary so far away une can forgive the weakness +t the vanity of the woman in admira- bodice of black satin. exquisite teste abe seems to have displayed in gowning her lovely form. Tsaper Wonuett Batt. ‘The Arizona Kicker. From the New York Sun. Tue Boys Sez It.—Three months ago when his honor the mayor (who is ourself) entered upon the duties of his office the Kicker an- nounced that be would wear white shirts and real collars and euffs. The boys flew up at once and declared that such an innovation should not be permitted. His honor held to his purpose, d_the boys have come to be per- fectly satistied. They can now see the object, which ia to dignify the town in the eyes of strangers. And they are done kicking. got the ‘that the man w! wear a white shirt and a starched collar had no sand in him, but after his honor had thrown half the aldermen down stairs and run in the champion bad man single-handed and unarmed, they sew where they were mi g then a cowboy will come in and wonder if we are returning to the age of barbarism, but there will always be some one near by to get the drop Wuoxo, as Usvat.—Our esteemed contem} ret (cireulation 460 copies) is inging at his honor the rary down the out with an article mayor for attending the wule ruce last day es an active participant. Our estecmed gets things mixed up, as usual. ‘The editor of the Kicker owns a running mule, the mayor (who 1s also ourvelf) feels more or din the said animal. He was not backed our ‘mule! for 975, while we saw th beast in readiness for the race and had the fore- hon of our com) nimus of our contemporar} in the fact that he backed the wron lost $8, which wus the capital be hud laid by to for the remainder of the year, jing to be let down that way with a sadden thud, but he won't gain any sympathy run It’s an awful thi ‘A Dap Far.une.—We set out abilities for this hood, but abandoned it a month ago in We hit the weather just once in on an average and We believe we could have improved on it after a while, but our local readers don't seem jach phrases as ‘-Nearly stationary, now hovering over They want some- thos in it, and frozen up solid furnish weather followed by slow! thing: plain’ eit» Youch of unless all the whisky in town i nape to continental coc! what the weather is. We are done. We have | “inet descended from our watch tower. will be all pathos and no weather. A Great Love. le and with the letter recalle the deed. itself und is usually more highly valued then the token. It can be seen and will xfford its own’ explanation, without obliging the owner to describe what he or she has done at the exp that modesty which proverbially charucterizes heroes and. heroines. ‘The applicution for a m supported by the sworn evidence of individ who have witnessed the acta of bra: LIEUT. REYNOLDS’ BRAVE FEAT. One of the most remarkable ‘feats that ever obtained the award of a gold medal was United States navy, now in command of the Endeavor, formerly, when she was in the con- federate service, the Lady Davis, which was brought to Washington from Norfolk the other day, On November 24, 1879, the United States steamer Constellation was hove to near the Azores in a terrific gale. At daylight a veasel ‘was secn at a distance of several miles, flying « signal of distress. She subsequently proved to be the Hungarian bark Olivo, Two bouts were dispatched from the Constellation to her relief. One of them put back on account of a henvy sea, The other, under the command of Lieut. Reynolds, reached the sinking craft. So rough was the sea shat the men on the bark were —— to Jump overboard in order to get to the boat. which was unable to get alongside for fear of being stove. Nine of them were th rescued and conveyed to the Co; ‘ation, leav- ing three, for whom Licut, Reynolds made a second trip, saving them also, “Finally, lest the bark should remain a floating danger to other ships, Lieut. Reynolds swam to her, set her afire in two places and then swam back to the boat. Quite a romance is connected with the lors of the ship Franklin, which was wrecked on Ct Cod in 1849 with sixty people aboard. was discovered enrly in the moruing by Benju- min F. Rich, a youth of eighteen, who was out hunting for ducks. He gave the alarm and the neighbors—most of them seafaring men—gath- ered to the rescue. A whale boat was quickly manned and launched through the surf, under command of young Rich’s father, It fetched a boatlond of the unfortunates ashore, but the elder Rich was disabled on the trip and the boy took commund for a second effort. Most of the ople were saved, but a number were lost. In the struggle for life there were some pitiful scenes, One woman, clasping her baby to her breast. clung to a belaying pin that was fixed in the side of the vessel, when u brutal sailor foreed loose her grasp in order to preserve himself, She was drowned, but young Rich got the bab It was purple with cold, ite little hands faste ing themselves in the blue cloth of his shirt as he carried it to land, but it was revived and lived. ‘There isa dash of humor even in tragedy sometimes. In this case a fut woman, who weighed about 200 pounds, had embraced tho bowsprit and refused to lef go, #0 that she hud to be dragged off by the heels into the water and then pulled into the boat. Subsequent de- Yelopments proved that the ship was wreoked deliberately for the purpose of recovering in surance. A few days later young Rich found satehel on the beach contuiniing letters from the owners, addressed to. the captain of the voswel and ting to him it would not be a bad scheme to lose the old craft. It was shown sfterward that the captain deliberately ran ber ashore. The owners brought suit for $180,000 against the insurance companies, but at the last moment the papers which Rich had found were exhibited in evidence and the case was thrown out of court at once. ‘The government did not ive medals for life-saving in those days, but Rich got one from the Humane Society of Mas- suchusetts. He is now superintendent of the life-saving district which includes the eastern shore of Virginia. RESCUE OF THE CREW OF THE HARTVELL. ° One of the most wonderful rescues on record was accomplished on the shore of Lake Mich- igan October 16, 1880. ‘The steamer J. H. Hartvell struck about 600 yards from the land, wa far ae shotline can reach. | The sart = of # life-saving station near by, it boing night olf, built bonfire aguinst's high ite the wreck and erected huge let- driftwood, which showed against the white sand so that ‘the sbipwrecked could read the words, ‘Life boat coming. submerged they were the life boat around by a oir- cuit of several miles. There was no place to launch and fro between e ahip, and the shore, hen once ® suspension of strong rope been established. But it must be remembered old actaggly neck and chatted away as chee: asasparyer.’ Her elder sister came next, then ‘the sailors one by one unnl all safety. Who would not give years of life to figure as a preverver of lives in sitch thrilling drama as t Tippoo's Last Dinner, oa Daily News. . Keene has found in the diary of hie late father an interesting description of the storming of Seringnpatam, at which he was Present, on May 4, 1799, Capt. Keene, who was Snephew of Gen. Harris, then commander-in- chief, secms to have gathered from prisoners full details of the last’ moments of our once re- doubteble enemy, Tippoo Sahib. In his entries, Which have been forwarded for publication to “The Calcutta Review,” he says: “Tippoo sat at his dinner till one of hix servants told him that the English were coming, and they presently appeared; this was the head of the left hand column, "He sent off a servant to th bring up the troops, seized his rifle one of the first three who came on in front. Another was killed by a shot from the bastion behind, The third “still advancing, Tippoo cried ont: ‘These are devile, two are killed, and the third comes on!" He fled, only to find himself hemmed in between the ‘two ‘columus. He fought bravely. When he fell. wounded an officer was about to say who he was. Tippoo frowned and put his fingers to his lips; be then made a blow at asergeant and cut into the barrel of his firelock; the sergeant killed him with his bayonet, and the body was soon cov- ered by the slain.” It hax been enid that the success of the assault was necessary to the ex- istence of the besieging army under Gen. Band, and Capt. Keene's diary confirms thi ———_—_se0-___ A Horrible Trade In Spain, Paris Correspondence of the London Standard. Tho Gingerbread Fair, as it is called, which is held every spring in the Faubourg St. Antoine and the Place de la Nation, is notorious for the number of natural and artificial phenomena ex- hibited there to the public. This year their number has been greatly, increased by the arrival of ubout twenty culs-de-jatte, who are wretchedly lodged in huts ona piece of waste ground in the Cours de Vincennes. These cripples, who-e minute. ehriveled-np legs are curled up ou the bourds on which they sit, form a colony, which calls tomind the Cours des Mirucles of former times. Every morning they uli issue forth, propelling themselves with their hands, to take up their respective places ut the fair, there to await the pence which may be thrown to them by the compassionate passers- by. Their aspect isso pitiful that it ix said many of them make a rea) harvest, which, how- ever, of course gocs to the beggar “farmer.” wenty or thirty years ago the culs-de-jatte were almost unknown in France, and these de- ploruble looking eripples are ‘the product of what may be called an industry. Almost all the numerons deformed little creatures who roll themselves about on, boards come from Spain, and more especially from Tolowa or the neighburaood, situated at about twenty-two kilometers to the south of St. Sebastian. “They are the outcome of the abominable practices of beggar “farmers,” who seek their victims among. the children of the peasants. When there is a weakly boy in the family they per- suade the parents that he can never be any- thing but a burden to thom, unless they con- sent to have him transformed into a cul-de- jatto, and promise to pay them a trifle a day #0 oa. the cul-de-jatte is left with ther ‘The heartless wretches, assuming ti acter of humane benefactors, pretend they thus provide the wenkly child with the means of gaining hie living, and also procure the parents considerable pecuniary advantage. The op- eration to which the unfortunate creature is subjected ivas effectual as it is rimple. The legs of tho child are so tightly compressed that the circulation of the blood in them is stopped. Little by little the legs wither away, and. the cul-de-jatte is manufactured. In 1887 M. Wal- deck Rousseau, then minister of the interior, prohibited the introduction of these Spunish culs-de-jatte into France, but it is eupposed his decree has become a dead letter, for it is esti- mated that recently three or four hundred of the poor creatures cross the frontier cvery year. ‘They are now scen in almost every town in France and have got as far north as Belgium. To be a cul-de-jatte must be a profitable trade for the farmers who manufacture them and bring them from Spain, as these traders Pay the paronts of the poor cripples a pittance of only 60 centimes to 1 frane a day for their hire. One frane is, however, an exceptionally high price, which is given only if the cul-de- jatte has some additional infirmity, such os \dness, or if he has but one arm. ‘The Fountain of Knowledge. From Judg®. Farmer Oatbin—‘Wonder what kind of a fool wagon that is? Guess th’ way tow find eout is t’ go un see.” can affairs. Itiso matter that I feel very strongly, and the evidence that I see daily of the correct- ness, in the main, of my \) first conclusions fe #0 <, astounding in ite vol- — ume and malignity that PATH 1 degin now tosee more of a design than I did heretofore. “At first T was inclined to lay the whole blame for the un- reasonable prejudice on the news venders, and no doubt they are in great measure at fault,but now I want to discriminate. The British liberal and radical newspapers, as a rule, are very fair toward the United States in their editorial eol- umns; but the tory newspapers, English, Seotch and Irish, seem to be actuated by the bitterest hatred, proof of which I shall give hereunder. When f open a tory paper I look first for the double-leaded sneer at America, and Iam sel- dom disappointed. In fact there seems to be an epidemic of oditorial slander of this kind. Passing a news ageni’s the other day I startled by seeing in the contents bill of Eng: land, « weekly organ of the Salisbury ment, the line “Murderous America inch block letters. I bought » copy merely un editorial paragraph in which the | reader was informed that freedom in America consisted in the right one citizen had to take another citizen's life without any serious risk of capital punishment, and the suggestion that “it is a pity the McKinley bill does not place a tax on the introduction of murderers.” A MISLEADING ARTICLE IN BLACKWOOD, Just now the tory editor is deep in his edi- torial “gloat,” and the cause is a very gloomy description of the alleged social conditions in the United States, appearing in the current number of Blackwood's Magazine. “The article | secks to show that American liberty is but a shadow: that political corruption ix “destroying freedom at a just and impartial adminis- tration of the laws cannot be credited to Ameri- can republicanism, nor is the elevation of hu- ty in the moral scale a distinguishing mark of ite legislation.” It complains that “two- thirds of the population never enter church,” which may be true: yet I venture to suggest that the same is true of England, notwithstand- ing that the taxpayers here have to support the stato religion. Parental neglect of olidren 1 alleged to be common, which is @ lie, while such a charge could, unfortunately, be made against England, as proved by some facts I gave you lest week. Then there comes a slap at Precocions young America in the assertion that “long before the young children leave school they are self-asserting.”” It ie alleged that “the fords them no religion.” Mother hearts England, of the south and of all the country, listen to that, “There is no rejigion provided in the public schools,” itis complained: yet not so very long ago the’ inculcation of re- ligior: in the schools of portion of the united kingdom was a penal offense. What will the Christian Endeavor Society, the Episcopalian and Catholic Sunday «choo! superintend- ents and teachers and other — Christian ople think of statement that “few w to the char that in Ame irls grow up like half-broken colts and fillies?” ~The moral tone of American life, or rather the alleged want of it, ae shown by divorce statistics, is expecially shocking to the English editor, He at the same timo closes his eyes to the fact that there are now awaiting trial in Londor alone over 300 divorce cases, some of them of a very spicy character. and when the nature of the proof necessary to establish a divorce case in an Englich “court is considered the showing ® more startling than the American one. the criminal ‘statistics of Americe gre pro- duced—no Ameri is proud of them—and twisted and commented upon until the im- pression is_given that in no place on United States soil is life or property sufe. Uncle Sam is shown to treat hisweriminals with the tender- est solicitude, while only a few days ago similar pleasure was taken in repeating Herr Most's Geclaration, born of his experience, that repub- lican prisons were the worst in the world, It is pointed out that Americans have a too sensa- tional way of dealing with notoriouscriminals,but even tory editors gently admit that their colonial brethren go a little farther in that direction, as instanced in the case of Deeming, who is not an American, Here is a pretty bird's-eye view of the United States, given without qualification: “The aliens are given to drinking and quarreling: the na- tives use the revolver, the razor and other lethal weapons,” ELECTIONS IN AMERICA AND ENGLAND. ‘These statements, as I have eaid, afford the tory editor much scope for the display of his anti-Americanism, The Belfast News Letter is expecially bitter. This is Lord Salisbury’s north of Ireland mouthpiece and. the chief or- n of that class of Irishmen whom the New ‘ork World gptly declared were #0 loyal to the English government that they openly threat- ened to make warlike revolt against it if it in- sisted upon governing less than now—to over- throw the imperial constitution rather than sub- mit to be excused from submitting to it. In view of the sad state of things depicted it sol- emmly says that “the people of the united king- dom have a right to be grateful for the privi- leges constitutionally assured them.” It de- plores the cost of American clections and says that “such things are better managed in the united kingdom, as all classes know. Our less expensive hereditary monarchy,” itadds, “‘gaar- antees continuity of order; our clections are peaceable and pure.’> Lows expensive heredi- tary monarchy! "I will not bore you with figures to show you how less expensive it is, but will just remind you that young Prince George of jales alone draws $75,000 a year from the pockets of the Britist® taxpayers, besides hie “keep” and several snug official sularies thrown, in. This is one of his royal Ysa) Another is to look contemptuously down upon the people'who pay him. Elections peace- able and pure! Just wait till the general election and see how far from peaceably dis- posed the News Letter's constituents will be when their opponents, the nationalists, are ‘speechifying” or polling in their West Belfast stronghold, and see how Lord Selisbury's con- stabulary will help things along in other parte of Ireland. Also look into the methods of tory carpet-baggers and read the statistics of those unseated for illegal practices. But the News Letter is generous. It admits that “no doubt vasands of the Washington and threw off the British yoke" the first time I cver knew a tory paper to ad- mit that anything British was a “yoke.” TRIBUTES OF EMINENT ENGLISHMEN. Btrunge, isn't it, that I never knew an Ameri- can who, after visiting England, did not return with an added pride in the glory of his own country? Strange, that Lady Somerset, after epending six months in the United States, mak- ing a tour of the country and coming into touch with the people, should be so profoundly im- pressed with “the glory of Ite fee j alty of their own acts. It 001 | ber ought to couscientionsly acknowle nd contaminating social order auc} tions of color and of light and shade and for- ther that the outlines on one edge of the dise Pass out of sight, while on the other the land- scape expands; you see that Mars revolves on iteaxis and that the ends of the axis are the frozen poles, as with us. There i semblance in the inclination of the axis, which — that on this planet also the seasons ol ice crust at the poles diminishes in summer, affording demonstration not only thet Mars is influenced by the sun's rays precisely as we are. but also that the air and water ere identical with ours. In fact the meteorology of Mars is now being rednced to a science. manana ae must admit a coudi- tion ing a r degree of development in Mars. "The continents of the earth, seen from a distance, present a very torn appearance, and oceupy scarcely a third of ite surface, while Mars is girdled on both sides of the equator by one continuous mainland. intersected by a network of canals and rivers, the land occupying approx- imately three-fourths of the whole area of the planct and the water only one-fourth, as a con- the | sequence of which it may be that its atmos- is and Pecotianis characteristic is the arrangement in which i i i lers, 12; company promoters, unionists, 1, cd home rulers, 5; naval officers, unionists, 4 army officers, unioniste, $4, and home ruk 11; peers’ sons, unionists, 44, and home rulers, | during 8; tenant farmers, unionists, 5, and home| Mar rulers, 15; retail traders, unionists, 2, and home | larg rulers, 14; medical profession, unionists, 3. and home rulers. 18; teaching profession, unionists, 4, and home rulers, 11; architects « rulers, 2. There are 31 labor candidates, of | whom one is a conservative, but a number the remaining 30 are in many cases in direct opposition to fhe official tonian candi-jand April—a per dates. An analysis of the professions of sittung | Sabara is most ari liberal members of y nt shows that there are 10 railway directors and company directors, 29 sous of peers, 48 barristers and solicitorsa law, 6army, navy and civil servants, 6 labor members aud 8 newspaper proprietors and exi- tors. TOOK THE BLAME FROM A REPORTER. An incident occurred at a mocting of the school committee of the town council of St. | Helen's, a borough not far from Liverpo which has a moral for the gentlemen who si the United States Senate and who wreak ce on a faithful official to escape the pe rned the pab cation in a newspaper of a private and ‘cou dential report, which, it was said, resulted in serious damage to the town's interesta. The town clerk, the council's executive officer, simply stated that he did not give the document to the press and ot course he was believed. Then several councillors proclaimed that they did not help the reporter along. Some stroug language followed and it seemed to be agreed only s member of the committee could have disclosed the information. Final in re- sponse to a suggestion that the offending mem- ee his guilt, Councillor Brook his name deserves to go on record--plead guilty and made @ clever little explanation. A LESSON IN POLITENESS. When Sir James Fergusson, the postmaster general, issued his order insisting on Cheester- fieldian conduct on the part of all post office officials—which, by the way, has had « wonder- ful effect—some of the newspapers complained that he was trying to introduce his depart- ment his own rigid military training. Nothing of the kind. It all arose from Sir James’ 01 offended dignity, Ihave just beard the stor: Sir James, like any ordinary citizen—pard: me, subject—found his little pocket stamp b empty and rushed into a branch office not f, from the halls of Westminster. He was in « hurry, but the young lady behind the railing was not. She was engi in an apparentir pleasant conversation leman much younger than Sir James. P.M. G. waited patiently and at length quietly remarked: “My young lady, you ought to pay more at- tention to your business.” Her eyes flashed as she tossed her head and aid “That's none of your affair, sir. Who are you anyway?” In reply she was handed the card of the post- master general. The young man made a hasty exit and the young womar. would have done #0 if she could. She got off with a lecture and is now the “pink of politeness”, Her action, however, empharized the truth of the com- plaints Sir James had received and his order Was issued, WOMEN'S SMALL WAGES. ‘There are thousands of poo> women in Amer- ica’s big cities @ho work long hours for very poor pay, but they are well off com; with the vp ewe of thousands of Toast ue women in Londor, This may be gathered from the following facts, which I have gleaned and which may well furnish reformers and moralists with food for reflection of « very bitter kind: Shirtmakers, working from 6 a.m. tol p.m., can earn the magnificent #um of 1 shilling, from which has to be deducted the cost of the cotton, which cach worker is herself expected to find. Sackmakers earn about the same sum, being paid at the rate of sixpence for twenty-five sacks. Pill-box making is # trifle more profitable, and it 1 possible to earn ax much as 1 shilling and threepence per day at it Wi from 5am. until button holé workers earn as much as sixpence or 1 penny for every dozen of buttonholes, T Paper bag trade is not very much better, orker recelving only fourpence for a thousand bugs. dismal catalogne might be extended, but the above facts are sufficient to show how wretched is the lot of a large class of working women in this “less expensive hereditary mouarchy.” No wonder’ there is deep-seated discontent among the British working classes generally. Fnascis J. O'News. seercialipiameninte A PLANET LIKE OURS. Points Mars is Startlingly e the Earth, ‘From Westermann's Monat's-hefte. ‘The first sight of Mars through an observa- tory telescope is almost terrifying, even for a person of good nerves. It is as if one saw the whole earth, with ita icy poles, asa solid globe, floating overhead. One distinguishes clearly the dark blue seas and the brilliant, beaming, many-hued dry land—and on this the dry beds of a multitude of Inkes, bays, gulfs, streams and canals, these latter either parallel to each other or crossing one another at right angles. As you continue to look you note the varia- further re- low each other in regular snecession. The judging the two plancts by uy char- laden than ours, the ocean, On M the contrary, streams flow in straight linea and are of’ unt, form width from source to mouth. These streams, from 70 to 100 kilometers apart, have iden thst thoy are oubject to inicligeet eee idea are < tion. It ig hardly powible to. conceive that two parallel eanals at right angles by a third, as in Opher land, can be the work of muentary forces of nature, The sug- ocean to ocean through the Island Hellas, crossing cach other at right in the center. Not leet questionable ix of the great ae fp 5 ite it with the ocean. Ever and ever the recurs: Is it sible that the crust of a whose ie only soveu-teutie tons Ken that of Games can be so yielding that the streams et their ori- gin encounter no impediment to their direct ; i f i y mH ey tll rl beftalt ( i ch FrEEE é i Strange as M May Soom the Phonomens ts Recorded From Schoo! and Home. ‘The Britih «hip Berean, which resently made the voyage from Tasmania around Cape Born to England, encountered remarkable, but not Unusual phenomenon at sea, viz, astorm of dust. After crossing the equator she fell into the, northeast trade winds and when about 600 miles west of the Cape de Verde Islands, the nearest land, the Berean’, a coated with a very flne powdery duet of a dart wT ecorcely diveernible om mt profase on the highest MUBEIN, 8 that the salle appeared dust falling on vesets in the Atlantic ye de Verde archipelago bas oftee ported, bat Ht har so ofter been of © ne thas 1 ie know amon | tion on 1 this concinsion and to dete . 184, a “blood y whch fell “in povited @ very vted by the Beream, | He then regarded it as . auctioneers, unionists, 2, and home | A beti cen Jannat car in which te Education and Business, From the Nor sieh (Con The question whether equally succesful in mone with some other men is still being ciscumed tm our exchanges, aud it ix still to be chserved | that a few college gradus fense because Mr. Carnegie insist that they are ednoated men ane make base soom to take af- bit stirred up over the asmurti: fact, anda fact highly creditable to education, There are two distinct schools of thonght this aye of onrs. sumption that the chief duty of man is to get her starts out with umption thet man has numer ons duties and privileges, that m tandamental w and enlarging k attractive than @ ous education led him to this die play of unbusiness-like qualities—wns, indeed, chief cause of it. lege or other educ for gold and the to the farniture of life quired sqmie higher training to eredicate this to produce a love gilding wich gold can give Feit it has often re semi-barbaric fond plant it with ar ing for the higher. Did Milton write “Paradise Lost” for money? He got £5 for it, and would have written it if it bad not bronght hi calculated to win * world could have better «pared. we: money getters of Charles the Second’ «for the lower and sup- J interest inand « real long- UININERE RUCCORS, bronght him in Little he could have carn science to” a we never have been Fy ewe-like thinker and ex xtended ow and meso a bie » hed deliber- thing elwe them ther conmdered something ele more important and more wor- They did not mde im git tering carringes during thetr lives nur come to thy of their efforts. them, the world phere and looks ives on a higher pline. It in the crowning glory of education that tt lends the mind to appreciate and desire other things berides the sensuous luxurt which money the | 82 produce or the ostentatious display itcan That would be a false which should declare business success an wn- Such talk would be non- sensical. It isa worthy ambition and one for no man to be axhamed school of thought which classes it by itself as the only worthy ambition of life, and which makes it a touchstone to try men withal training which leads men for other kinds of success is and a priceless thing, ax the broadens over a whole universe is a better thing than the narro flash which momentarily lightens up a single ances in a wider atmos ut into @ grander untverse and worthy ambition. But it isn false WOOD PAVEMENTS IN PARIS. Why They Last fo Much Longer There They Do Here. od pavements in Paris, contributed to the Kerwe Pratique des Tra- vaur Publiques by Mr. Brown Vibert, the aa- thor remarks that, to insure dnrability, this class of pavement must be | ble care, The concrete foundation should be six inches thick, and made with 300 to 440 pounds of Portland cement to « mi cubic feet of sand and t ax it hax set the concrete should be covered with a seven-sixteenth-inck: layer of mortar, consisting of 600 pounds of ment to every thirt of sand and left te harden two or three days. The blocks should then be set in rows, sepa- ‘other by a space three-cighths These cracks are filled with cement mortar and a layer of broken porphy- Titie stone an inch and a half thick spread the pavement. This layer is soon the wood by the action of the wheuis. must be made for the expansion of the wo and for this reason in wide roadways a space about two inche sidewalk and afterward filled with roadway 131 feet wide an expansic than *ixteen inches was observed the blocks being ¥: ks are six inches high, jtand a half inches long. Vout 9. Gl. per square In an article on with considera rated from eac of an inch wide, in fifteen day Paris there bi inches thick ai The cost as Iuid is yard for Landes pine and 14s, 3d. yard for ucrthern sprace blocks. tion is said to be about seven oi under heavy traftic and about fijwen under soo Did the Candied Violets? From the Busiun Tran ‘That was a rather melancholy experience of certain young man-the pther day who had e little biz ui « controversy with « young indy and who was #0 sare of inis vide of the dispate that i ot] f »