Evening Star Newspaper, November 15, 1890, Page 9

THE EVERYSG STAR: THE NEW LIBRARY. Progress Made on the Big Building on Capitol Hill. TWO STORIES NOW BUILT. Immense Amount of Brick and Stone to Be Employed—something About the General Plan—There Will Be an Abundance of Daylight. ee OURTEEN GREAT MASTS, ten of them eaching more than » hundred feet in the air, ropes and cables of- hemp and steel, long and short, thick and thin, drawn taut at all imaginable angles ‘r hanging loosely in perpendicular lines. These, to the outside world, that sees nothing but the mechanism visible above the great fence, &re the only evidences of the magnificent struc- fure which shall soon shelter the contents of the Congressional Library. Few people real- ize how rapidly the construction of that build- ing is going on and the number of those per- tons who have any conception of the magnitude of the work is amazingly small. THE MEN EMPLOYED. Not fewer than 250 men toil daily (weather Jermitting) within the inclosure bounded by Bt and 2d and East Capitol and B streets. Half that number are mechanics, the other half are hiborers. More than fifty of the former class we bricklayers, and but a little while ago that caft had seventy representatives engaged in Yanufacturing walls and arches from the raw Materials of brick and cement. But this force q@ 250 men is not ail, for there are 400 Ghers eugased in ‘preparing terial at .wo other points, The stone for | tle court yard walls comes from Woodstock. | ki » sawing and | cks into shape. | the stone | clipping the great blue Qarries at Concord, NH. f¢ the fronts of the butldi ganite state = Fady that shall, when properly d, be a thing of beauty and a joy forever. WAITING FOR THE GRANITE. Ifthe ‘granite could only be supplied in| Gubie the present quantity building could ogress twice as rapidly, but the authorities % satistied with the rate of speed with which | Mtters are moving along, because they are | an hour behind time. Careful calculation made as to the capacity of the quarries, and th contractors have been keptright up to all | th requirements of their obligations. If a atractor falls short his contract is vitiated 4D some other man is given an opportunity to dolbe things which are needful and to receive thezompensation which never fails the faith- | Wen the granite arrives here it is ready to be raced in th The contractor h jon of specifications which render un ry even the least amount of trimming | ie stone has been delivered. Each | Stone) cut to the size called for by the specifi- | cationand when the stonecutter has com- cer engaged for that purpose. No materi with flaws in it is accepted and instant | is the fate of any block that does not in every particular to the measure- ied for. When the scrutiny of the in- | is to reveal any defect the stone has and weight painted upon it, is crate and shipped with others to Mistits are unheard of. GREAT MASS OF BRICK USED. jt mass of masonry in the library ll be of brick. Frequently an irate will threaten to fall upon some ne ‘‘like a thousand of brick,” with- the slightest idea as tothe force in the motion of ten hundred of the rectanrukr lumps of baked clay so commonly used Dr building purposes. One thousand brick vill weigh two anda half tons—quite suf- ficien to spoil the harmony of outline in any huma form they might strike. One thousand brickwould be lost even inso much of the strucure as has gone up. At tho present time the rowel-wielding mechanics have pu: in placr nearly 7,000,009 of brick, about 17.50 tons. When the bu‘lding is complete the brie] work will weigh not less than 70,000 tons, for ne estimates have it that at least 28,000,000 of fose lumps of aubucn-hued clay will be Beessary. THOUSANDS OF TONS OF STONE. The stone used up to date would turn the Male at 6.500 tons. Three hundred tons of iron | (work also adds alittle to the weight, to say pobins of the solid avoirdupois of 15,000 bar- '@s of cement “No one can realize the progress of the great werk unless he or she walks all through and al over the building as it now ia. Escorted by Wr. Bernard Green, who is general superin- tendent and Gen. Casey's right-hand man at | eand the same time, a Stak reporter wan- ered through corridors, up ladders, over alls and everywhere else the other after- oon, The most apparent feature to even a casual bserver is the solidity of construction and the recautions which seem to have been taken | verywhere to make the whole thing fireproof. t present the building stands two stories we ground. THE BASEMENT sTORY. ‘The first of these, known as the basement ry. was built last season, and the second, hich will be called the first, is the result of | il during the season of 1890. It wasno small jount of work, for a walk around the exterior several feet more than one-third of a mile. rom @ central point on the upper floor the lan of the building is not difficult to see, and ith the aid of a little lucid expixnation by Mr. reen is easily understood. It is not at all i icate in its comprehensiveness and was s0 | ilifully contrived that much might be added ' Pitbout disturbing in any particular the ar- augements which will be in force when the brary is first opened to the public. A bewil- ring myriad of things had to be borne in ind to make the plan a success. but so far ery contingency and every fitting seems to we been provided for. WILL HAVE PLENTY OF DAYLIGHT. Mainly there seems to be astriving after a ®fliciency of daylight and unless the signs fail fe sun’s rays will have no difficulty in pene- @ating all portions of the building where nat- 2 illumination is necessary. Of course re are some spots where gas or clectricity | @ill have to be put in operation, but they will @tbe numerous. The walls of the basement @rridors will be faced with white marble up to Be base of the arched ceiling and from thence d the bricks will be hidden by white ter. In the reading room there will be al- @estas much daylight as there would be on Be outside. Enormons institutions are the Book stacks, yet these will be brilliantly lighted nature on every fine day. There are to be Wo creat stacks, each of them with a capacity fj >00,000 volumes and every opportunity that fist could be taken possession of to secure the | (roduction of daylight was attended to. Be- Bil the books, above them and on either side | @8! be a profusion of the best polished plate | #8, through which the light will enter. | ere is to be aller stack on the east side this, too, will be plentifully the building, windowed. ROOM FOR TWO MILLION BOOKS. These three stacks aud the alcoves will have s@mbinedcapacity of 2,000,000 books—nearly tee times the bulkof the presentCongressional (rary —and yet there will be daylight enough @ to spare. The book racks will occupy the {> possible amount of space. They are to be ele of iron and have been so ingeniously waed that where there may one day be a ‘k of books there may tomorrow be an any arrangement or disarrangement 8 to be possble with a minimum of ble. The big stacks will extend heaven- 1d sixty-three feet. obviate the possibility of the court yards gloomy there has been lavisii use nameled brick. The beautiful effects pro- ‘d by its combination with the blue gray yiand granite must be seen to be appre- The colors harmonize perfectly and the ted light is of avery satisfactory descrip- When it rains the bricks are more highly and have greater refractive powers. ‘MACHINERY NOW USED. hinery plays an important part in the of construction, Ten stationary derricks almost constant use and soare four others traveling variety. They look like the of three or four huge vessels and easily the passer-by with the idea that just the fence is the Potomac. Six stationary supply the derricks and other meehau- appliances with motive power, four of working the main derricks, while the two attend to the elevation of bricks and mortar. jord will have very pleasant in his new professional home. Work- of | contrac room in which he may hide when he feels so A barglar-proof safe will be built in @ recess in the librarian’s office. HALF AN ACRE OF VAULTING. To the east of the building there is half an acre of vaulting. This was completed last season. In it will be placed the sixteen boil- ers, the elevator pumps (there will be eight elevators—passenger and freight) and the sup- ply of fuel. Apartments for the engineers and iremen are also in this subterranean place. Very few public buildings have ever been constructed within the time set for their com- —- and a still smaller number have been uilt for the sum named in the original esti- mate. So far the library building is on time and the amount of money expended reveals the fact that the work has cost less than the amount appropriated. If things continue so. and the authorities believe they will, the structure will be ready for business in 1896, and there will be ® respectable amount of the appropriation covered back into the Treasui TEETH PEOPLE CHEW WITH. The Fakir and His Patent Paste—Facts On an Interesting Subject. OW, GENTLEMEN, I propose to show you, so that you may see it for yourselves and be con- vinced, what a single ap- plication of this marvel- ous tooth paste, which I am engaged in distribut- ing to the public, will ac- com plish.” So saying, the fakir stooped from the box on top of which he had been orating and seized a small and very dirty boy who had been an open- mouthed auditor. Jerk- ing the victim up to his building | perch, he held him tightly with one hand,while with the other he separated the lips of the youth so as to exhibit two rows of teeth which had evidently never known a brush. “Did you ever see « worse-looking set of grinders than these ’ere?” he inquired, appeal- ing to the crowd. at I will show you that | my elegant and uneaualed oriental tooth paste will make ‘em white as snow in a jiffy.” ‘The small boy thus summarily selected for treatment was not even asked whether he was willing or not to be operated upon. Holding him firmly the vender dipped a little piece of cloth into some greasy substance and proceeded to rub the patient's teeth with it for the space of a minute or two with much vigortnd thor- oughness. Then. throwing away the bit of rag, he again exposed to the general view the un- fortunate’s gums and showed two rows of molars and incisors, which were in truth as white as could be. “All done, gentlemen, with one «pplication of this astounding tooth paste!” said the fakir “Not acent charged the boy up now and buy abox. Every one of you may have beautiful teeth and your wives and sweethearts also for the small sum of one dime. with this beautiful pencil and a glasscutter thrown into the bargain. A well-known physician who had been sta ing for a minute or two in the crowd turned to a writer for Tue Stan and remarked: hat sort of thing is an outrage the police ought to put a stop to. Of course, the bos’s teeth aro to a great extent ruined for life. What the fellow called a tooth paste contains a powerful acid, which eats the enamel right off | th surf.ce of a tooth. Incidentally the tooth is made white, but it is deprived of the coat intended by nature to prevent decay. The enamel, so calied, is one of the hardest things in nature. After all the other materials that go to make up a human being or other animal have turned to dust or been transformed into other shapes the teeth are likely still to remain as sound and whole as ever, Grinder: at once beloaged to beasts now extinct for thou- sands of years are picked up at this day in per- fect condition. But if the enamel! be destroyed the teeth in the mouth are readily attacked by decay.” “What is a tooth made of?” It is not, as most people imagine, merely a solid bone,” replied the doctor, as he and the newspxper man walked up the street together. “On the coutrary, it is a living structure. Nerves and blood vessels connect its interior pulp with the general system and circulation of the body, and from the pulp pass into the ivory of the tooth au immense number of lit- tle tubes containing threads of soft bone-mak- ing substance. Inside of each tooth is a cavity filled with the pulp which gives it life. Sur- rounding the pulp cavity is the ivory. or dent- ine, and this, which makes up the hard body of the tooth, is covered over by the surface of evamel Both the ivory and enamel ure harder than any other bones of the body, because they contain a greater percentage of bone earth. The ordinary bone of a man contains two- thirds of bone earth, while the enamel is more than ninety-six per cent bone earth. Hence it is the hardest of all organic tissues. ‘The enamel is at its thickest points, on the tops of the teeth, a sixteenth of an inch through, and consists of little six-sided prisms placed side by side and held together by an ex- quisitely fine cement. This structure forms an admirable defense agamst decay, which, once having reached the interior ivory, however, makes havoc in that relatively soit bone; the pulp of the tooth becomes diseased, and tooth- ache may be the first sign observed of the fact that disease hus reached the citadel of the tooth’s life. The ‘tartar’ which made that luck- less small boy’s teeth so unpleasant to look at before it was removed, together with a good part of the enamel, by the acid preparation is a peculiar secretion made by three glands in the mouth. Itis full of small living organ isms as it is put forth by the glands, and these organisms i waather in the saliva and deposit it on the teeth in the shape of what chiefly phos- Piate of lime. The jaw of civilized man has ed so much, as compared with that of the earlier progenitors, that he has no longer enough room in it for his teeth. Ever so many people have to have two to four teeth pulled out in order to make space for the rest to grow in properly. On this accouat, because they are not needed, nature is steadily making the wisdom teeth of poorer material, so that wisdom teeth commenly begin to decay nowa- days as soon as they have made their appear- ance through the gums. At one time the lower jaw in human beings projected beyond the upper, as does that of an orang-outang, instead of closing with the lower teeth inside. and the canine teeth were very much larger—in fact, small tusks, to tear the meat food with,” ee ICE FOR THIRSTY CLERKS, How the Departments Get Their Sup- plies—4,000 Tons Consumed Yearly. “The amount of ice consumed by the depart- ments in Washington is enormous in the ag- gregate,” said a big dealer in the article toa Srag reporter. At the Treasury building alone a ton and a half of ice is delivered every morn- ing for the day's consumption. Each room, you see, has its water cooler, or, at least, a pitcher, which must be kept filled with cold drink from 9a.m to 4 p.m. The ice is deliv- ered in great blocks from carts at the door, and the messengers chop it up into pieces, fill | buckets with the lamps and carry the buckets all over the building, distributing to each pitcher or cooler its proper supply. In the cellar there are big refrigerators, which are filled with a reserve stock. Nothing is put in these refrigerators except ice, the clerks not even being allowed to keep bottled beer in them for noontide refreshments, “It is the same way with all the other de- partments. The War. State and Navy together use about as much as is consumed in the Treas- ury building. but itis the Department of the Interior that is the great devourer of ice. In the pension office and the main building of the department together from five to six tons are used every twenty-four hours. The Post Office gobbles up 1,200 pounds a day. However, you must remember that these quantities are al- ways variable. In summer much more goes than in winter, and, if the hot season is unusu- ally long or intense, we people who take the —a are apt to find them far from profit- able. “Each department makes its own contract for ice. Bids are advertised for annually and the dealer who offers a supply for the follow- ing year at the lowest rate gets the job. It is tos certain extent a gamble, inasmuch as no definite amount of ice is agreed upon. The contractor receives #0 much money for provid- ing a department with ali the frozen water that it requires, whatever this quantity may be. ‘Taking all the departments together, with their branches, it is probable that they consume about 24,000 pounds of ice daily, averaging the year around, This makes a total annual con- sumption of a good deal over 4,000 tons.”” Mrs. Alexander’s Gift to Princeton: Anew slumni hall has been presonted to Princeton Coilege by Mrs. Harriet C. Alex- ander, wife of Charles b. Alexander. is mentioned, but Mr. Maitland Alexander of the theological seminary says that $250,000 will be spent on the building. It is proposed that the building shail be one of the finest in America. Dr. Patton received Mra. Alexan- der’s lotter announcing the gift last Monday, JOHN BROWNS RAID. How the News Was Received Here in Washington. DEVOTION OF COLORED MEN. The Amicable Relations Retween Slaves and Their Owners in This Dis- teresting Stories of James ‘Wormley and Isaac N. Cary. ——__ ‘Written for Tue Evexine Star. N 1859 the first overt act toward a forcible abolition of slavery was attempted |fBby the raid of John Brown at Harper's Ferry. It is impossible at this day to convey an idea of the excitement which prevailed throughout the whole country. The boldness of the design and the intrepid reckless execution of it at first led to the impression that a large force must be behind this vanguard advancing into an enemy's country, for so it was considered by those whom John Brown represented. It might bo said that this city was appalled; for we could not comprehend the desperate courage of the small band of fanatics, as we called them, who thus rushed to certain destruction, casting their lives upon the hazard of a die where there was no chance of winning. The boldness and the unswerving directness of the blow they aimed at slavery convinced us they were sup- ported by some powerfnl, unseen, unknown clement or force whose uncertain quantity made it more formidabie. TRE FIRST TELEGRAM, Col. Berret was mayor, and on the morning of October 17 he was at the President's house to see Mr. Buchanan on other business, when the first telegram arrived announcing the cap- ture of the buildings at Harper's Ferry on the preceding night. The President handed it to the mayor, and while he was reading it an- other cume from Capt. John Ritchie of Fred- erick, Md., offering his company of volunteers to the President, and in a few minutes the Sec- retary of War, Gov. John B. Floyd, ente room with a hand full of telegrams giving particulars of the raid. Col. Robt, E. Lee was summoned from the War Department and or- dered to take what troops could be raised and roceed at once toHarper's Ferry. The marines, think under the command of Capt. Israel Green, and the troops, a small body from the arsenal, left immediately and constituted for the time Col, Lee’s force. The Secretary of War showed the President and Col. Berret an anonymous letter he had reccived, saying au incursion would be made on Washington that night. The mayor was asked if he could defend the cits hundred stands of arms and ammunition for tho police force was given him He was charged with the duty of protecting the city. The President's Mounted Guard, Capt. Peck, was ordered to report to the mayor. Capt. John H. Goddard, chief of tha police, was sent tor the arms, and the hundred eu of the police force and some dozen citizens the mayor had summoned to his office remained all night await- ing report, The President's Mounted Guard, under command of Lieut. Robert Teel, was ordered to picket the roads leading into Washington. Mr. Wm. Teel, now a merchant on Pennsylvania avenue, was sergeant of the mounted troops and was stationed at the Navy Yard witn a dozen men to repel any invaders who attempt@! to cross Anacostia bridge, and a like detail was placed at the different roads. It rained very hard all night, and the invaders, if any such ever existed, gave no evidence of ther design on Washington, THE CAPTURE OF JOHN BROWN. In the meanwhile the marines under Capt. Green at Harper's Ferry improvised a batter- ing ram from a convenient ladder, broke down the door of the building where John Brown was located with his force and rushed in. Capt. Green, armed only with a walking cane, cap- tured John Brown and the force which had come to liberate the slaves of the south. The rest is history. ‘That morning, Tuesday, the 18th, however, Gov, Wise arrived, and was met at the steam- boat wharf by one of the mayor's aide de camps, Maj. W. H. Thomas, now of Louisville, and es- corted to the mayor's office, where, after some consultation und the knowledge of the situa- tion had been conveyed, the governor left for the scene of action, It was known that John Brown had captured Lewis Washington, » prominent citizen of Frederick county and a relative of the immor- tal George, and held him as a hostage for the safety of himself and band. Gov. Wise was approached by some friends of Lewis Wash- ington, whom we all knew, and asked to do what he could to save Lewis by some conces- sion and his reply was that if it was George Washington himself they held as hostage he would make no concession. ‘this night, which we can now look back upon with interest, was a pretty anxious night. The unknown, the uv- seen was what we dreaded. The next day the excitement had abated, as there was no evi- dence of any attempt being made on Washing- ton. GOV. ASHLEY'S EMANCIPATION BILL. Some few months ago I met in New York Gen. James M. Ashley of Ohio, who introduced in the House the bill abolishing slavery in the District of Columbia. The bill he introduced provided simply for emancipation and created @ sensation throughout the country. He told me he was sent for by Gov. Chase the day he introduced the bill, who suggested he should provide for the compensation of “loyal slave owners” by paying $300 for each slave liber- ated, and said Mr. Lincoln was seriously con- templating the practicability of offering com- pensation to the border states if they would take the initiative in emancipation. He saw the President, he told me, and at his request altered the bill that it might meet his approval and to obtain the votes of the Representatives of the border states, for which the President was very anxious, The bill as amended passed Congress and was approved by the President on the 11th of April, 1862, The passage of this bill created a very great commotion throughout the country, while here it caused hardly a ripple in the pub- lic mind, where, indeed, its effects were antici- pated by the relations already existing between the slaves held here and their nomiual owners. Here they were slaves only in name, for there was none of the hardships which marked that condition in the more southerly portion of the country. In many instances they lived away from their nomival owners, rearing families; and to all intents free from any of tho re- straints which marked that age of servitude. I speak of my own knowledge of the relations existing between the owners and their colored charges, for so feudal was that relation that they were indeed charges against the es- tates of which they formed a part. In our own case we hired servants, while those we owred wore living by themselves and not only was no claim made on their wages or earnings, but for alitheir most pressing needs they called on their old mistress and they were never re- fused, and even when slavery was abolished they did not — their claim on those to whom they looked for care and protection all their lives, and that protection was not with- drawn from them. They wero part of the family, and so regarded, and the same care was taken of their moral and religious training as of the other members of the family. 1am speak- ing now of what I know and what I witnessed allthe days of my life until emancipation came, and indeed for years after, for that made but little difference im the relations existin; between us, and which continued unchangs until death separated us from those with whom we were reared, THE COMPENSATION TO OWNERS, The act of emancipation brought relief in many cases to the owners; the small sum Con- gress voted to those owners was in many instances the first value they had really — duced to those upon whom they relied in sick- ness and in health and did not rely in vain. Our older citizens will remember the many instances of faithful devotion on the one hand and the care and attention and affection on the other which marked the relations between the two races at that period, Nowhere on the face of the earth did there exist a more excel- lent race of men than the old colored citizens formeda very important element in the classes of the early days of, Wash: specting themseives and respect by their fellow citizens, they were almost indispensable to the households of that early day; and there is hardly a family who was fal, devoted servant whose memory as & pleasant reminder of those when our rane ey wee names a ci hom wi to. fous rs friendship STORIRS OF JAMES WORMLEY. ‘Who does not know James Wormley? I had known him from‘his boyhood and mine, The friends whose patronage gave him his first remains eu 6 whose whose would | lost none of their confidence and esteem by his . Hesaidhe could, and an order for a | | onol, but my son, who is ou ithout some faith- |. i... WASHINGTON, D.C., SATURDAY.- NO Fie suddenly affairs and left every Wormley and received cartes Ould le! ington possession of his household effects, his fine stores of wines, ee &c., and through the war preserved it as his own. In a conversation with my old friend, Mr. John F. Ennis, he related to me an incident of his devotion. The late Hon. James T. Brady was employed to defend Jefferson Davis and had written Mr. Ennis to accompany him to Richmond as an assistan® coun- sel. The case, as all remember, was tponed indefimitely. While at Richmond Gent Ould invited Mr. Brady and Mr. Ennis to dinner to meet some of the most distinguished residents of Richmond, The dinner, Mr. Ennis says, was faultless. The table was embellished with a handsome silver service, the wines un- exceptionable. After the other guests had re- tired, and the three old friends sat down with a bottle of brandy and cigars to talk over old times, Mr. Brady said: ‘Excuse me, Bob Ould, but I came here expecting to find Richmond in ruins and you fellows on the verge of starva- tion, and you give usa dinner such as I have never seen surpassed, Your silver service, your delicious viands, your really wonderful Wines and such brandy’ and cigars as we have here could not be duplicated in New York. Will you tell how you have been able to do this?” Bob hesitated a moment, and with much feeling replied: ‘You are indebted for what you have enjoyed tonight to my old friend, James Wormley of Washington. When I left Washington hurriedly Wormley came to my house and took possession of all there was in it, and I gave him the requisite transfer to do with it what he ple Three days ago he came _ here t his own expense, bringing mo all my houschold effects, my service of silver, my wines, my wine glasses, to the very smallest of them, nd theso viands you enjoyed, That brandy, those cigars, for them all you are indebted tomy good friend, James Wormley. During the war no dispatch boat left here for exchange of prisoners but Wormley accom- panied it with baskets of needed supplies tor those friends on both sides of the Union, Nor was he less devoted to the cause of the Union. The friend of Mr. Sumner and Mr. Hooper of Massachusetts, he was esteemed by them, and devotion to his oid friends, Just about the breaking out of the war Col. Forney and Hon. John Hickman of Pennsylva- nia went to Wormley’s, then on I strect, for supper. Over the mantelpiece there was hung alarge portrait of Gov. Floyd, and Hickman, who was almost a fanatic in his denunciation ofthe south and its leaders, swore he would not eat ina room where that d—d thief was hung, and called on Wormley to remove it, Wormley quietiy replied that Gov. Floyd was his friend, was no thief, and it suould hang there as long as he had a home, Forney cooled Hickman down and said: “Wormlcy, give us a bottle of wine, and what can you give us for supper?” Wormley said: “I am sorry, col- has the key of the wine closet and I have nothing in the house I could give you,” and for the first time in the history of that house these gentiemen left there hungry and dry. James Wormley was the only man Col, Berret told of the expected raid on Washington, and obtained his influence with his people to stay home that night. ISAAC X. CARY, The other, whose name I desire to embalm in the columns of Tue Star is Isaac N. Cary. He was a man of education, a gentleman in man- ners and appearance, and for years his barber shop, on 6th street, was the resort of such regu- lar customers as made it almost aclub: Richard Wallach, Walter Lenox, Frank Taylor, Johu W. Maury, Wm, H. Gunnell, Dr. William Jones, Dr. John B. Blake, Wm. B. Kibbey, George W. Phillips, Hamilton G, Fant, Buckner Bayliss and others of that period. Subsequently he was steward of the Washington Club, when on Lou- iviana avenue. After leaving here, before the war, he went to Canada and lived in Windsor, opposite Detroit. Our lamented friend, Bev- erly Tucker, for whose arrest the reward of $25,000 had been offered, was making his way from Canada to the south, disguised as much as he could be as an Englishman, and about daylight took the ferry bont at Windsor to cross to Detroit, and the first person he saw on the boat was’ Isaac Cary. He gave him- self up as lost, Isaac might deem it his duty to have him arrested and the 225,000 he feared might tempt him. Preserving his presence of mind, he walked to the bow of the boat and tried to think what he should do. when he heard a voice behind say “Mr. Tucker, you are in the greatest danger; where are you goi? ‘The cars and boats are searched before the. are allowed to leave, Tell me where you want togo and I will get your tickets and come for you at dusk. Go to the hotel, stay in your room, let no one see you un- til I come.” As dear old Dev, told me this his voice grew husky. He said, however, as he turned and shook hauds with Isaac he hid his emotion in: et’s get a cocktail, Isaac.” He went to the hotel designated by Cary, and at 6 o'clock that evening Cary came for him, took his bun- dle, umbrellas, cancs and other impedementa which distinguishes the English “mi lor’,” and went to the train, sat with him as the soldiers passed through and bid him good-bye when the train moved out of the depot, and Boy. was safe. Am I not right in saying men of such fidelity aud sterling worth would redeem a race? If those who have come here since the time I speak of desire to confirm what I say of those good people, who were our friends in the long past, let them go to the churches they have uilt,St. Augustine's and others,and the schools, and they will see the few who are left and their descendants and inheritors of the virtues and goodness of those who have gone before us to the other shore. GOV, ASHLEY'S REMINISCENCES, Gen. Ashley’s memory was full of the inci- dents of that period when he was a member of the House of Representatives and when the vote on tho thirteenth amendment was before the House. It was defeated when first voted on and he changed his vote that he might move a recousideration, but it was not until the fol- lowing session he made the motion to recou- sider. The 31st of January, 1865, was the day fixed onto take the vote. He recalled with great pleasure the men then in Congress, both those who opposed and those who supported that measure, and at that time, last March, of those who were with’ him in Congress and who took an active part in the debate of that period. Especially he spoke of the border state men who favored the pnssage of the amendment, and then only George H. Yeaman, Green Clay Smith, John A. J, Creswell und Gov. Frank Thomas were alive, and since then Gov. Thomas died at an advanced age. Then there were only one hundred and eighty-three mem- bers of the House and now there are nearly double that number. cw * * THE POLITICAL REVOLUTION OF "48, I am not going to drift into politics, but I want to recall a political revolution almost ss complete as the one recently chronicled. In 1848 I was in Baltimore the day after the Oc- tober election in Pennsylvania, and leaving there by a later train than the one which brought the Baltimore Sun to Washington the next morning, I obtained the last edition, which published the returns from Pottsville and that region in Pennsylvania, This had been | a stronghold of the democratic party, but the returns indicated a complete revolution. The majority was reversed and the whigs had car- ried it by about the usual democratic majority. So decisive, indeed, was it that it indicuted a whig triumph in the state. As I passed Brown's Hotel, not then the Metropolitan, I met my old friend Cornelius Wendell and showed hi Sun containing the news, “Oh! that whig lie. I'll bet youa hundred dollars it is not true and that we carry the state.” Some one standing by took the bet and Wendell re- peated his offer, and it was not until he had made several bets I monet he telegraph a well-known politician of Philadelphia—Charley Bender—and inquire if the report was true. He did so and the reply came: “True? Yes. The whigs have robbed the cradle and the grave for votes. The state is gone.” Pennsylvania has always been @ very warmly contested state. In the days when the state elec- tion took place in October that election was always regarded as settling the vote in Novem- ber of the presidential year. 1 remember how for days in 1840 the state was in donbt in T think ten ‘any mode of ‘communication but the ‘mail, and that mot very con- veyed. The resort for news was the office, then in Carusi’s . Gunnell was the postmaster. Night after night crowds hung around the post 5 anxiously the mews, and at last it came, ‘had carried the state by 324, I think. The it up enthusiasm of last ten days burst Saintes oats Eegeevined SG erecy avaebenaes wero a Boyle with “a howitaer —— _ ae is eam ae y those who were present and who yet remain with us. "The result was so unlooked for b; the large number who were not aware of the disaf- fection in New York in consequence of Mr. a Alabama letter that they could hard); lize the fact We left the wigwam wit heavy hearts, for here, where Mr. Clay was so well known and where aimost everbody re- en him, his defeat cast a gloom over the city. Four years later, as I have already told, Gen. Taylor ‘carried the state, but again in 1852 it reverted to the democratic party and was car- ried by Gen. Pierce. Mr. Buchanan carried it in 1856 through the admirable management of Col John W. Forney, who kept the American ticket in the field and drew from Fremont the yoto which would have defeated Buchanan. From 1860, when Mr. Lincoln carried it, there ‘Was but little show for the democrats. In 1868, when Mr. Seymour and Frank Blair Were nominated, the dissatisfaction with the nomination of Seymour was very general. ‘The mode of obtaining it and almost certainty of defeat, rendered the contest a hopeless one. The National Inteltigencer, after several delay, reluctantly supported the ticket, the understanding, if the democrat carry Pennsylvania in October, the to y would de- mand the reversal of the ticket aud place Frank Blair at its head. Of course we did not carry Pennsylvania and the Intelligencer demanded | the change and was supported, by the New | York World, then under the control of Manton | Marble. This concurrent action was not the rorult of any understanding between the con- ductors of those journals, but was called forth by the hapless condition of the canvass; yet despite ail this the vote was wonderfully strong. At every state and presidential clection since then tho democrats have contested the state with ardor and claimed it with confidence. Joux F. Covre. en USE AND ABUSE OF DRUGS, Deadly Polsons Handled in a Reckless Way by Invalids. How “dangerousa thing isa little knowledge” has frequently been proved, says the New York Times. Yn these days, particularly when every other person one meets has a notion or theory to advance upon the ethics of life, mental and physical, discretion is imperative. You have a sore throat, perhaps, and say so to a friend you encounter in a strect car. “Oh,” she cries, whipping open her bag, “you want a chlorate of potash lozenge, I am never withont them. Whenever I feel a dryness in my throat, however slight, I pop one in my mouth and the dryness vanishes. I don’t wait till the really sore stage is reached.” She had much better do so, for the probabilities are that she consumes forty useless lozenges to the one that proves a remedial agent, and the thirty-nine are not only useless, but harmful. The same properties which act successfully upon the inflamed tissues of the throat act, when they are not so absorbed, unkindly upon the normal tissues of the stomach, QUININE AND ACONITE. Quinine, too, that most bencficent of rem- edies in many cases, is much abused in as many more eases, Tho climatic conditions of this region do not demand its incessant consump- tion, Yet in innumberable households the box of quinine pellets from one grain for the chil- dren up to five and even ten for the seasoned head of the pany seems to be an essential. Quinine is counted among the ten dangerous drugs, and the statistics of the hospital show it tobe the most prolific cause of deafness. And on the other hand this noble compound accredited with having increased the average length of hfe two and a half years, Another drug used in the hands of women especially is aconite. Many mothers will tell calmly of keepin a supply on hand with which to dose the children indiscriminately on the appearance of any abnormal condition, For- tunately, most of the aconite thus recklessly used isin the little sugar pil’s of the homeo- path, doubtless given thus of the habit; but there are mothers who boldly administer the mother tincture. Yet aconite is adeadly poison, used by physicians with the most scrupulous care and nicety, and supple- mented generally with its antidote or comple- ment. It does serious evil which must speedily be repaired with it good, __ Simpler drugs are proportionately powerful if persisted in, So mild a distillation as the es- sence of peppermint is injurious to the digest- ive organs taken too often. All medicine, in- deed, that is not necessary works a degree of evil, For ashght ailing, if diet, natural sleep and proper exercise will not remove it. the safe piss is to summon a physician, As the late ir. H. H. Hamilton sai jot every one who wants a dose of salts or of senna should send for a doctor, but every one who needs it.” WORSE THAN SEWER Gas, In this regard much miechief is worked by indiscreet press paragraphs. Thoughtless writers, intent on advancing something unique, or, worse, on filling space, are respon- sible for suggestions and directions that do serious injury. Sometimes, it isto be feared, these writers realize their ignorance and do not regard it, but often they have no concep- tion of what may come of their confident ai Not long ago, in a publication of repute, was found a sewer gas disinfectant, to be used under sinks and about set bowls. A woman reader went at once to a druggist, nam- ing the article, and asking for some. Tho druggist questioned her in regard to its use. She explained that she wanted to put it in shallow dishes and set them about the plumbing in her bed rooms, “Why, my dear madam,” said the druggist, “any member of your family who slept where the fumes of this stuff could be inhaled through the night would have pneumonia by morning, if he were alive.” The vapors, it seems, were almost fatal if inhaled for any length of time. Yet nothing had been said in the printed para- graph about this; no hint even given as to caro in its use, Women are most apt to be the victims of this sort of ignorance or carelessness, They are much more credulous than men concerning what they read in newspapers, and are usually eager to “try things.” When it comes to gestions relating to their personal appearance this is especially true, and writers on these subjects will do well to weigh their words care- fully, for they may rely on securing a respect- able following. A Great Baptist Gathering. A great gathering of Baptist ministers from all over the country is expected for the four days’ conference that will begin in the Cen- tennial Baptist Church, Brooklyn, on Tuesday next, This will be the Millerite end of the church. Among those who are set down for formal addresses are Rev. Dra, A. C. Dixon, G. W. Folwell of Parkersburg, W. Va.. on “Dis- pensation of the Spirit;” F. M. Ellis, Baltimoro, “‘Spiritualization of the Church,” and Alfred Harris, Waverly, Md, ‘Is the Advent Pre- millenial?” @ conference is under the oleae. of the Baptist Pastors’ Conference for Bible Study, the president of which body is the Rey, Dr. A. J. Gordon of Boston, and the Rev. Dr. J. D. Herr of Milwaukee, Wis, secretary. ‘The executive committee are Rev. Drs. 8. Mc- Bride, F. L. Chapel, G, W. Folweil and George ©. Needham. This meeting will be the first of 4 series of aunual conferences in a of the couutry. The society was Chicago last May. ———+e+_—___. Her Reason. From the Epoch. Mr. Blossom—‘“I don’t think you are doing right in forbidding Nellie to receive gentlemen callers, Why did you do it?” Mrs, Blossom—‘‘I do not desire the child to ever marry.” Mr. Blossom—“You seem to od that you were y once, that you received gentlemen callers and that you married.” Blossom—‘Indeed I don't, Mr. Blos- som; and, what is more, I don’t intend to have i of herself because her . 1890—-SIXTEEN PAGES. | or seed of the hair. In fact, the seed is im- judiciously because | THE HAIR WE ALL WEAR. Some Points Not Generally Known About Its Growth and Cure. ALIVE—WHY THE HAIR COMES OUT}-THE PHILOSOPHY OF CURLY LOCKS AND WEY 4 ‘NEGRO'S HAIR 18 KINKY. ‘ou may not be aware that the hair of « hu- man being, like the nails, is simply ® modifi- cation of the scarf-skin or epidermis,” said a noted medical authority to a Star reporter. “Such, however, is the case, Every one is interested in the hair as a physical adornment, and it ought not to be uninteresting to learn just how it grows. “The root of each in- dividual hair is planted in alittle sac in the skin— the latter shaped hike a longish vase, with a nar- c row nock and flaring slightly at the rim. From this vase the hair grows, asa flower does out of a flower pot. The vase is composed of an inner and outer coat, and at the very bottom of it is the germ bedded in the bottom of the vase. “The germ itself is inclosed and clasped by what is called the ‘bulb’ of tho hair. From the ‘bulb,’ which is pear shaped. with the big end upward, rises the ‘root’ of the hair, from which sprouts tho stalk. One hundred thou- sand of such stalks on your head or mine make a fair average scalp covering. 1n other words, the average person has about that wany hairs on his or her head. THE ROOTS OF THE HATR. “So each hair, you see, is like a plant grow- ing from and depending for sustenance upon a root. Ifa hair grows where yon do not de it you jerk it out of the socket, and it s mysterious to you that another hair shou! AN ENTICING LITTLE GAME An Old Policeman Kalightens a Stat THE SIMPLE MYSTERY OF TOREE-cARD MONTE— HOW STRANGERS IN THE CITY ARE TAKEN IN— THE STUDENT, THE CLERK, THE CATTLE DEALER? THE FARMERS AND THE SHERIFFS “That inscription you are looking at has cost some strangers in this city » pretty large sum of money,” said an old policeman the other day to & Stak reporter who some how or other hap- pened to be reading the lettering on the Peace monument at the foot of the Capitol for the first time, although be bad passed it without reading hundreds of times. “How is that? well, I'll tell you.” continued the blue-coated official. “For some time after the monument was put up nearly all the strangers who caine to Washington visited it, You see it was right on the road to or from the Capitol, About that time there was an army of three-card monte men in the city, for we had not fairly caught on yet to the proper way of dealing with that dangerous clase, "All the steerer for one of the Kangs had to do was to stand there where you aro a few minutes, looking as innocent as Fou look, and he was sure in his own language to ‘catch a sucker.’ An unsuspecting victim was almost certain to come aiong after minntes’ waiting and stop to gaze either at the monument or toward the Capitol or down the avenue to the Treasury. The steerer, gen- lly a man of good address, usually “s college student here sightseeing during a short vacation, The stranger would soon find bimseif im conversation with this interesting young man, who, according to his telling of 18 Was generailly waiting forafmend, This friend represented to be « had gone to obtain a leave of | abxence so that he might have time to show bom (the college student) about town, Ine ¢ the clerk arrived, managing to is entry upon the scene as soon as the d made the acquaintance of the stranger. THE STRANGER, THE COLLEGE STUDENT AND THB CLERK. “The clerk,” continuea the cop, “was intro- duced in form and the three gonerally started off variably appear in its place. Indeed, it seems as if it Tather agreed with the health of a hair to be pulled out from time to timo. “The reason for this is very simple. Pull out healthy hair, and upon viewing it under a microscope you will find that the lower ex- tremity 1s a gelatinous lump, somewhat ragged. This is the root with a portion of the inner coat the root is taken out why does the plant grow again? Simply because the germ or seed at the bottom of tho vase remains undisturbed and immediately proceeds to produce anew root and hair stalk. There is only one way of destroying a hair that science has thus far dis- covered, namely, to introduce an electric needie into the vase, st it down to the bottom aud kill the germ. ‘The operation is a costly one to have properly performed, but wi who can aiford the expense will hesitate at it to get rid of a mustache or objectionable hairs upon her arms? Why, money is no object what- ever in such @ case, WHY THE HAIR COMES OUT. “Women often find that their hair comes out readily in the process of combing. and yet they | do not grow bald. This is because the hairs that so easily drop out of the scalp have lost vitality. perhaps because the root have been called upon to support too long stems, Hence the roots shrivel and the hairs slip out of their vases, But the germs remain, to reproduce | new hairs, and so baldness does not result. But if atrophy or lack of nourishment attacks the very germs of the hairs themselves they die and the victim of the complaint, which is aptto be more or less hereditary,’ becomes bald. For such baldness quacks’ advertise remedies, but you can see for yourself how impossible it is that their alleged cures should accomplish pny result, ‘The seeds of the hairs are dead and can never produce the plants again, “In old age the pigment supplied by nature to the hair is apt to fail, and the growth loses its color, becoming first gray and finally white. Sometimes during the process of this trans- formation it assumes for a while a greenish tint, which is far from beautiful, However, there is nothing handsomer than white hair. Far from making a woman look older, it gives years of youth to her appearance, softening in- cidentally all the lines of her face. The old |*man who, to seem young, dyes his beard black as a shoe brush makes himself simply a ghastly object. WHY A NEGRO’S HAIR KINKS. “What makes a negro’s hair kink? That is easily explained. The straight bairis round — cylindrical, I would say; but curly hair is made so by the fact thatits tube is flatter. Negro hair is flattened in places and distorted through- out its length; therefore it kinks. “The curling tongs, by means of their heat, contract one side of each hair, and it conse- quently curls toward that side. Such is the philosophy of the instrument's operation, Nec- essarily this heat frequently applied injures the hair, dissipates the oily matter essential to its health, renders the plant dry and damages its growth more or less permanently. “Atthe narrowest part of the vase from which the hair grows one or more oil glands enter the vase for the purpose of keeping the hair oily and healthy. Sometimes it happens that the oil thus secreted forms a clot in the vase and hardens, Nature then tries to get rid of this clot, as of any other foreign body, andthe result’ is what is called a ‘pimple,’ There is inflammation and either the clout is absorbed or it is expelled. What is commonly termed a ‘blackhead’ is a small particle of dirt jathered on the surface of the oilclot in a ir sac, A watch key pressed upon the spot is likely to force out the clot and so prevent a pimple or the clot may be loosened by the careful introduction of # needle and then squeezed out. Each hair sac or ‘vase’ cles, which, being caused act by certain eruptions, may occasion a ‘rising’ of the hair, as from fear. Itis believed now, consistently with the views of many of the best medical authorities, that it is entirely possible that a alee hair may be turned white withina few upplied with mus- of the vase above mentioned clinging to it. If | to the sizhts together. It would take but lit | tle time with such a party to go through the de- partments, or one or two of them, as the bumce men would manage it 80 a8 toreach the Wash- | ington monument in a comparatively short tume. Once there, with the raver and Arling- | ton deights in view, the ‘unveiling of a statue | at Arlington’ was the tempting bait the of rogues would use to lure their victim to the | Virginia side of the Potomac, out of the reach of us bluecoats. The stranger was always made | to believe that it was best to cross the river in aboat, At the foot of 17th street the monte men could always secure a boat, for one of their number was constantly on hand to land them safely on the other side of the river near some farmer's corn field, meadow oF j Woods, and as Arlington was in view the stranger had no reason to doubt the sin- cerity of his newly made acquaintances, CROSSING THE RIVER. “Sometimes the rascals would get an ides that their intended victim was armed and might cause them trouble, if he did not succeed in killing one of them. They found it an easy task to ascertain whether he had a revolver. For instance, one of them would brag of his marksmanship and say that he could kill a fly- ing bird af he only had a pistol, Then the ‘sucker.’ if he had a weapon, would take it from his pocket and loan it to the shooter cheerfully, As many shots as were in the revolver were fired, but never a bird fell. The rascal would then manage to drop the pistol overboard. Sometimes when the thieves forgot about the pistol, while crossing the river, one of them would tell the stranger, after reaching the Vir- ginia shore, that it wa: nitentiary offense in that state to carry a pistol and the poor fetiow would gladly rid himself of « good re- volver, A LITTLE GAME. “Well,” the policeman said, “after reaching the Virginia side of the river in the boata start would be made ostensibly for the city of the dead, where lie the remains of so many heroes, but there were always encountered en route three men engaged in the interesting game of three-card monte. They would be somewhere along the road or ina corn field or fruit orchard. One of the ii trio posed as a Kentucky cattle dealer, the others appeared as plain Virginians, and it made no difference as to whether they belonged to the first or last families of the state. The innocent Kentucky man was always togged up ina rough suit of clothes anda broad-brimmed hat with his trousers tucked into his high boot tops. He would explain how he learned the game, rather an interesting | and fascimating one, and the wad of money (proceeds of bis last cattle sale?) shown by him and which he was willing to bet to the last cent, could hardly failto make the —— feel like he would like to get some of it, i companions, the two steerers, would make bets and win and the stranger, if e greeny, would think he could easily do so too and the result was always the same. That is, he finally lost his money and the three-card monte man won, ‘The gang sometimes cicared in this way as much a8 $500 or $1,000 in a single day. HOW THE GAME IS PLAYED. “How is the game played?” echoed the officer, “Why, it is a very simple one and re« quires s very small outlay. The man who manipulates the cards shows three of them, For instance he will take a ten spot, a king and aqueen. The king is the card he bets on and one corner of it isso turned or bent that the stranger thinks he can easily select it from the others. He, of course, does not think that the innocent Kentuckian knows of the tell-tale another king about him, adroitly manages in shuffling to put it in the of the one with the corner bended, and he deftly bends acorner of the tem spot. The cards are then laid down and bet- ting is in order. The stranger selects the ten spot, and so sure ishe that he has the king that he is generally willing to risk the extent j of his wealth, and does so. Of course he is I ‘ours by fear or otherwise, through chemical | Ure to lose, He is sometimes foolish enough combined with capillary action.” —_——_—>__ He Knew His Rights. From the Chicago Tribune. “Say, you let go of tha ” shouted the driver. to think he can catch it on another trial, and goes on uniil bis watch and chain and every other valuable about him is gone. NEW CHARACTERS ON THE SCENE. “Then itis time for the ‘scarers’ to appear, “Don’t you try to run over me!” retorted the | and a couple of men, acting as deputy sheriffs, pedestrian, The conversation took place at a muddy | whole crowd scampers, The stranger crossing on Western avenue yesterday morn- ing between the red-whiskered driver of a de- livery wagon and a raw-boned man with a bas- ket on his arm. ‘The Iatter, to avoid being run over, had seized the horse by the bridle and stopped the animal with s suddenness that nearly threw tbe driver off his seat. “Keep out of the way if you don’t wan'tto get run over!” yelled the red-whiskered jehu. “My friend,” answered the man on the cross- ing, still holding the horse by the bits, “don’t you know that this crossing belongs to the people of Chicago?” You let go of that horse!” “Now, be reasonable. my dear sir, This crossi: is merely a continuation of the side- walk. “fe belongs to the pedestrians, I have the right of way, and—” “If you don’t let go of that, ru——” “Hold on a moment. Don’t get excited, my frieud. The law is perfectly clear on thi point. The courts have decided time and again that @ person who is on a street crose- “You let go of that horse or I'll break your head!” v4 é “Be calm, my friend. Preserve — It is the case of Varner va. Rebesgall, argumentative citizen, “Now will you let go of that horse?” he fiercely demanded. respect for precedents ned wont stow law in the caso, I shall have 4 ieee iil i it i 8 it Hi i 4 Wi Fai £2 FF g fi arrive with guns on their shoulders and the th ally get tod ofthe steerers generally get away toge’ and the victim in many cases is mighty well satisfied to keep out of the hands of the officers, for he is told that gambling is a penitentiary offense. In some instances the and steerer part good friends, each the other on their narrow In cases villains said the cop in conclusion, “that the tion on the Peace monument has cost some people several thousand dollars.” The Episcopal Church Congress. ‘The last day's session of the church con- gress of the Episcopal Church was opened in Philadelphia yesterday bythe Right Rev. Bishop Whitaker: “Positive gains in Biblical criticism,” was discussed by Rev. Prof. 8. Nash of Cam! of Philadelphia, Rev. West Brighton, Ni, Mov. es .¥., Rev. Hartford, Rev. Dr. Harwood of Jobn Elliott, D.D., and Rev, Kim, D.D., both of this city. the before the a Sts Seat ere i iz f i i if H 8 g F I ERE i il Hj F [ ‘ i! if of i