Diario las Américas Newspaper, March 18, 1958, Page 10

inter - American News for English « Speaking people 5 Cents—Outside Metropolitan area, 10 cents. THE AMERICAS DAILY » @ & SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Manaeine . W. SMITH. 8. SMITB President Vice President SORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President Eéitor and Manager Rus Editor Publisheo daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs fla. on February 8. 1956, - EDITORIAL THE U. S. CONGRESS AND LATIN AMERICA With a great sense of democratic responsibility, Senators and Representatives in the United States of America are eager to know more about the political and economic reality in the Latin American countries, in order to be able to orientate better, from the legislative field, of vital im- portance in a democracy, the the United States. Officially or unofficially, Inter American relations of in publie hearings or private conversations, the Senators and Representatives can obtain direct information from those who, with interest exalted by the Pan Americanist ideal, suggest a formula, express in And that is the intention of can express sensible opinions, conformity, point out a path. those who, in the Capitol of Washington, are engaged in this healthy work of study. That work in Congress for. the Department of State the officials of the Executive will be extremely beneficial and the White House, since Branch in charge of foreign relations of the Republic need the support and the coun- cil of those-who, as members called to interpret, perhaps feelings in all the sectors of Within the constitutional of the Legislative Branch, are more than anybody else, the public opinion in the Nation. system in the United States, Congress has ‘high functions of coordination with the Executive, in particular in the field of. foreign policies of the country. It is, therefore, of vital significance that in the Washington Capitol this particular interest for the Latin American problems is flourish intention to joint efforts to much as possible, within the p stances in each case. ing, above all because of the find collective solutions, as olitical and economic cireum- Regarding matters connected with democracy in Amer- ica, the attitude of Congress, in the sense we are commeting, has been commended in all Latin American circles, who are as interested as the people of the United States, in enjoying complete’ freedom and democratic order. The people of Latin America want that type of freedom and order, guaranteed by the system of solidarity of the twenty- one republics, solidarity which must be above all programs and conveniences of some governments, when they are not inherent to the destiny and tl the Americas, Rok * he dignity of the. peoples of 5 eek POL. § Latin American Firance and Trade N RECORD EXPENDITURES OF U. S. TRAVELERS TO LATIN AMERICA Expenditures by United States residents traveling in the Latin American countries in 1957 reach-- ed $390 million, nearly 7 per cent more than in 1956, announced Ma. rion A. Leonard, Manager, Miami Field Office of the U.S. Depart- ment of Commerce. México received the largest amount, nearly $290 million. This represents a rise of 4 per cent over | 1956 expenditures. A decline in ex- penditures by U.S. travelers to the interior of México, reflecting | a reduced number of travelers, | was offset by increased spending | in towns along the Mexican bor- der, Overall expenditures by U. S. residents for foreign travel in 19- | 57 exceeded $1.9 billion. Included in this figure are $1,360 million spent abroad and $580 million in| fares for transportation between | the United States and the for-| eign countries visited. Expenditu- | res abroad were about 6 1-2 per | cent higher than in 1956; fare payments increased by about 10 | per cent. Foreign countries received over. | $1.6 billion from U_ S. travelers, ineluding $250 million in interna- tional fares. U S shipping com- Panies, and airlines received $330 | million in fares. Receipts by European countries from United States travelers in 1957 if¢reased 3 12 per cent from the previous year The number of travelers in the summer and early | fall was 10 per cent higher than | in the corresponding months of | 1956, This rise more than offset | the drop in travel to the area in| the first halt of 1957 following the | Suez crisis. Expenditures by U. S. travelers in Canada increased in 1957 by nearly 8 per cent over 1956 to! $340 million Current indications point toward | a ans r rise in foreign travel | in 1 Mr. Leonard stated, COLOMBIAN COFFEE’ GROWERS ESTABLISH EXPORT RULES BOGOTA. (UP). — The Coffee Growers Federation established indispensable conditions be- “granting approval to the ex- (pecttin of this commodity. was authorized lent to grant these provals; Bee are ce the ernment officess ews Reports Only those exporters who have adhered to the pact on price of | coffee abroad, agreed between ex- porters and the Government, and truthfully keep their assigned ex- port ‘quota, tg prevent Colombia ‘from going over its corresponding quota according to the Interna- tional agreement, will be authoriz- |ed’to export coffee. in accordance with the resolution adopted. The National Coffee Growers As- | sociation, which is the high au- tority of the Federation, will see the cases in which the exporters |have abused them, which offense | will be punised with the cancel- lation of their permits. ARGENTINE SUGAR MEN STUDY PRODUCTION METHODS ON TOUR Twenty-five teaders of Argen- | tina’s, sugar industry are touring sugar producing areas in other La- tin American countries and the | United States to study methods and techniques of growing, refin- ing and marketing the product. Flying from Buenos Aires by Pan American World Airways, | the group is visiting Sao Paulo, Brazil, San Juan, Puerto Rico, and | Havana, Cuba, before arriving in Miami. From here, they go to Clewis. ton, Florida, for an inspection of | the United States Sugar Corpora- tion laboratories and Sugarland Ranch, with a sightseeing visit to famed Cypress Gardens. The group flies then to New Orleans for a look at the U.S. Agriculture De- partment’s Southern Utilization Research Laporatories. They will also visit the Audubon Sugar Mill in Baton Rouge, Loui- siana, before departing for New | York, with a two-day stopover in Washington. Seventeen of the plantation and | manufacturing owners, managers, | technicians anda gronomists in the group are flying to’ Dusseldorf, Germany, by Pan American. Aft: er a seven-day tour of Germany, they return to the United States for visits to Chicago and Peoria, Illinois then to Buenos Aires, via Miami Members of ’ the group, whose tour is directed by David. Benju- ya, managing director of Turismo Pecom, represent Argentina’s four principal sugar producing states, Tucuman, Salta Jujuy and Chaco. In each country they visit they will be guests of government of- ficials and prominent leaders in the sugar and allied industries, a ns Sennen RIO DE JANEIRO. (UP) — Brazil, already hard-hit by a sharp drop in coffee exports and a grow- ing currency depreciation, is now being foreed to curb iron ore and manganese production, industry sources said today. The United States economic re- cession is directly responsible for the enforced drop in mineral pro- duction, these sources explained. Cutbacks in american steel produc- tion is making it necessary for the Companhia do Vale do Rio Doce, Brazil’s biggest iron ore producer, to reduce personnel and review its 1958 export plans. The company had originally scheduled 3,000,000 tons of ore to the U. S. this year. Manganese producers, who shipp- ed 700,000 tons to the U. S. last year, are beginning to curb mining activities because a fall in Amer- ican prices. But coffee, which accounts for yw" thy Know’ Neighbor By ANTONIO RUIZ COSTA RICA — Education for those who work during the day is provided’in Costa Rica in numer- ous evening schools, both elemen- tary and secondary, Although suf- ficient courses are offered on the secondary schools to gchieve the Bachelor’s degree, the majority of the evening classes are of com- mercial nature, There are also sev- eral. private commercial schools and a Government operated four- year School of Commerce, which gives such courses as office management, in addition to short- hand, typing and bookeeping. The “Escuela Normal de Costa Rica” (Normal School of Costa Ri- ca), a modern co-educational school, is located at Heredia. Upon completion of the authorized five- year secondary school program, students may spend two additional years and receive a certificate of “Maestro Normal” or certified ele- mentary school teacher. When the University of Costa Rica was founded in 1941 the Normal School was incorporated under the Faculty of Education, The University of Santo Tomas was founded in 1843, but it was ab- loished in 1888 by an Act of Con- gress. However, the Faculty of Law | of | continued under the Ministry Public Education, and later under the Bar Association. On March 7, 1941, the University of Costa Rica opened officially and incorp- orated the existing advanced schools of law, pharmacy, agricul- ture, education and fine arts. Schools of engineering, sciences, liberal arts and dentistry, were established at that time. The School of Education remains at Heredia, and the School of Agri- culture at San Pedro, just outside | San José The remaining schools are all located im San José. During the summer of 1950, a summer ses- sion was conducted at the Universi- ty for the first time, and’ has continued successfully. The Inter American Institute of Agricultural Sciences, which was opened at Turrialba in 1944, is an affiliated organ of the Or- ganization of American States (OAS). It is primarily a center for research, post-graduate courses in | methods of scientific research and experimental techniques, _ statis- ties, plant life and culture. Instruc- tion is also offered in the specializ- ed fields in which research is be- | ing conducted The Institute. a specialized Inter | American agency, has as its gov- erning bard the Council of the Organization of American States. The primary purpose of the In- stitute is the encouragement and advancement of all agricultural sciences, through research and education. for the benefit of all the participating nations. The decision was finally reach: ed to establish the headquarters of the Institue near Turrialba, Cos- ta Rica, because the whole rich vol- canic plateau and portions of the Reventazon River Valley, only two miles away, were made available to the Institute. Extensive research has been con- ducted to improve existing crop production, soi! conservation pro- cedures, and livestock classes and their productivity. For Costa Rica, its experimentation with new varie- ties of grapes, its improvement of cinchona, its study of the utiliza- tion of coffee waste and of such engineering projects as irrigation, farm Housing, farm electrification, . and power machinery, are of great importance. )' Spanish Version Page 3 For @ better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA, TUESDAY, MARCH 18, 1958 U. S. Recession Hitting Brazilian Economy Hard, Kubitschek Tells. ston 70 per cent of the nation’s foreign earnings, is causing Finance Mi- nister José Marfa Alkmin and Pre- sident Kubitschek their biggest | worries, A combination of overproduction in all coffee-producing countries and “cold calculating speculators” in New York are being blamed for Brazil’s current coffee crisis by Alkmin, The Finance Minister's policy of maintaning high prices for Brazi- lian coffeee has come under strong criticism. The government has been forced to buy millions of bags of coffee which could not be exported, Kubitschek warned in a speech that Brazil must seek a way out from its preponderant depenedence on coffee exports for foreingn ex- change by “diversificaticn of crops.” He termed the present cof- fee situation “grave and threaten- ing”. | “The time has come when we can no longer depend on coffee as the basis of our economy,” Kubits- chek said. “The battle for divers- ification of our agricultural exports has become a battle for national survival,” Disabled Ship to be Towed to the Panama Canal Zone NEW YORK, March ¥, (UP). The Arosa Line here said its disabled eruise liner Arosa Sun would be towed to‘ the Canal Zone. The ship carrying 200 pas- sengers reported an explosion in th engine room Saturday in which one crew member was injured. No passenger was hurt. ‘The liner is 16,231 gross tons and was enroute to the West Indies from Miami when the explosion occur- red off the Colombian eoast. At noon today the company of- fice here said it was still await- ing word that the tug had reached the scene, SAN JOSE, Costa Rica. (UP). Formation of a cabinet of all poli- tical parties will be the first step taken by presidente-elect Mario Echandi with a view to reconcile all opposing political groups. Echandi made the statement at a press company. The President- elect will take office May 8. Jorge Rossi, his defeated op- ponent in the Presidential elec- tions last month will be one of his cabinet members. Miss Estela Que- sada, who was majority leader and a follower of President Figueres, in the last Congress, will also be in the cabinet. Echandi confirmed his previous statement that he will restrict the jarmed forces to police functions. Therefore, he said, the public se- curity office will be abolished. The present holder, Colonel Domingo | Garcia will become General Finan- ce Director in the future, and co- | lonel Manuel Ventura will be Chief jof the Civil Guard. The Cabinet will be formed as follows: BUILDING PLANNED FOR U.S. MEXICO EMBASSY MEXICO CITY (UP)— Work on a new $3,000,000 “earthquake- proof” United States Embassy building here will get underway by the end of the year, Ambassa- dor Robert C. Hill announced. The six-story structure will com- pare in size and architectural beauty with the new embassies planned for London and New Del- hi, Hill said. Construction will take about two years, Fronting on the tree-lined Pa- seo de la reforma, the City’s main avenue,.the embassy will be built on a “floating” foundation to absorb earthquake shocks, The ground floor, designed as a “gar- den floor” will be open to achieve the effect of a Mexican patio and will consist of a series of crossed Mexican colonial-style concrete ar- ches. It will feature a fountain and a small pool of water. The facade of the upper five ies will be miade of translu- , marble and glass framed ia Liberals Take Lead in General Elections Held in Colombia BOGOTA, Mar. 17. (UP). — La- test result on the; generai elections held in this country yesterday, give the Liberals 1,150,479 votes, and 892,262 to the Conservatives, The Conservatives are divided in three groups: those who follow ex-President Laureano Gémez, those who support Guillermo Leén Valencia for President, and a small group of followers of Gilberto Al- zate Avendafio, Gémez had a majority over Va- lencia’ in ten of the 16 depart- ments of the country, according to the newspaper “El Siglo” owned by Gomez. The Liberals voted in an almost solid block, with only a few dis- senters, Official reports and the news- papers confirm there was complete calm and that the electors enjoyed complete freedom. The Alzatist newspaper “Diario de Colombia” affirms there was a “terrible restriction” for the Alzatistas in the greater parts of President Elect Echandi Announces Conciliation Cabinet in Costa Rica the departments, The liberal newspaper “El, 'Tiem- po” predicts that the liberals sur- passed the conservatives for 600,- 000 votes. PERUVIAN RADIO. PRODUCER WILLED IN AUTO ACCIDENT LIMA, (UP) — Oscar Huayta Niifiez, Manager and Director of radio “Sport” was killed in an accident in one of the streets of Ibdfiez Requests Authorization for Trip te the U.S.A. SANTIAGO, Chile. (UP).—Pre- sident Carlos Ibéfiez sent a mes- sage to the Senate, requesting au- thorization to go to the United States, by special invitation by President Eisenhower. General Tbafiez had been invited last year and planned to take the trip in December, but the trip Was suspended on account of Pre- sident Eisenhower's illness. On that occasion the Chamber of Deputies debated the request by the President, reflecting the re- sistance of a majority of legisla- tors to the Chief Executive’s po- licies, The Radical Party, which has the Majority of legislators, opposed granting the authorization, toge- ther with other parties, but no vote was taken then. Radical Senator Isauro Torres warned that his party will op- pose the request again, as was announced also by an agency of the Popular Action Front. The two groups have a large majority in Congress, but observers believe that; as a courtesy to the United States and President Eisenhower, the autorization will be finally granted, this Capital, and Alberto Neckle- burg, sport broadcaster was serio- usly hurt. Huayta Nijfiez was on his way home in his car accompanied by Mecklemburg, and when he was in block 13 of Salaverry Ave., which was wet, he lost control of the ear, violently hitting a tree. He died on the way to the hospital of a fractured skull. Roreign Relations Minister, Jor- ge Rossi; Finance, Alfredo Hernan- dez; Education, Estela Quesada; Labor, Enrique Guier; Health, Dr, Adolfo Jiménez de la Guardia. The President-elect emphasized that it will be his goal to conso- lidate all political groups and to eliminate partisan resentments. He said that if any of the nominees refuses to accept the office will be offered to another of the same political affiliation. He further said. he will visit Washington March 25, leaving for Boston after, in order to discuss with the United Fruit the future} relations of his government with! the Company, including the tariff in the banana producing countr’>~ He abstained to talk about the vision of the agreement he has in mind, explaining this is an im- portant matter to be discussed in parts; so it will have to be post- poned until he returns. from the Frank D. Eidge Appointed U. P. Miami Manager Frank BD. Eidge Jr, a member of the United Press staff here for the last 12 years, was named UP Miami bureau manager today, it was announced by Roland W. Dop- son, Florida state news manager. Eidge, 39, joined UP in Miami in 1945 after returning from Army service in North Africa, Italy and Greece during World War II. Prior to the war, he was a member of the news staff of the St. Peters- burg Times. He is a native of St. Petersburg and a journalism graduate of the University of Florida. Dopson, who also had the title of Miami manager until Eidge’s appointment, will continue to make his headquarters in Miami while supervising all UP news operations in Florida, including the news bureaus in Tampa, Jacksonville, Tallahassee, Cape Ca- fiaveral, and Miami. Eidge, who has held the post of night manager in Miami for many years, has participated in many of the. nation’s top news stories which have occurred in Florida during the last decade. He has handled the coverage of 1} major Florida horse races and all the University of Miami foot- ball games during the last 10 years, in addition to most of the top golf tournaments. Eidge is. married to the former Lois Dysart. They have one daugh- Se Member Inter American Press Association e For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 215 Castro Issues Ultimatum to Batista to Resign or Face the Consequences’ Cuban Army Approves Plan to Crush’ Rebel Resistance in 25 to 30 Days CHICAGO, Mar 17. (UP). — dispatch sent to the newspaper “Chicago Tribune” says today that Cuban rebel chief Fidel Castro has issued af ultimatum to Pre- sident Fulgencio Batista, “to aban- don power before April 5, or suf- fer the consequences of a general strike and military action”. The dispatch says the ultimatum, issued by Castro-from his general headquarters in the Sierra Maes- tra, Oriente Province, «was made public by Dr. Faustino Pérez. The ultimatum is signed by Cas- tro, as Commander in Chief of the rebel forces, and by Pérez, as member of the national goverhing board of the 26 of July Movement. Castro insists on a provisional government headed by Cuban ex- judge Manuel Urrutia, now living in New York, ‘and points out that “the country is prepared for the final blow against Batista’ and that the strategy of that blow is based in “a revolutionary strike supported by armed action which will intensify as the general baa progresses”. The ultimatum, according to the report, adds that the general strike and the armed action will continue if a military junta assumes. po- wer, € “Castro —it continues— says that after April, no taxes will ee paid in the country”. The dispatch to the “Chicago Tribune” says that the ultimatum was made public coinciding with A|| the decision of civic iastitutions of the country calling on the people jto sign a petition to Batista te Tesign. It adds that the Hierarchy of the Catholic Chureh will have a meeting tomorrew in Havana, .and it is believed they will insist that Batista leaves the Government, ARMY APPROVES PLAN TO CRUSH REBELS NEW YORK. (UP). Cuba’s jot chiefs of staff have approved a new military plan designed to crush rebel resistance in Oriente Province “in 25 to 30 days”, re- ports reaching New York said. Informed sources said the plan calls for use of a hitherto — un- tried fire bomb against the anti- government guerrillas holed up in the mountains. They said press censorship was reimposed last week to conceal troop movements made necessary by the new plan, which is said to have been drawn up by two colonels at the request of Presi- dent Fulgencio Batista. Meanwhile, reports from west- ern Cuba said guerrillas are oper- ating in the Organ Mountains of Pinar Del Rio Province as well as in Oriente. Guerrilla bands in token strength are said to be operating near the north coast on a line run- ning roughly from Honda Bay to the Vinales Valley. Some guerrilla activity also has been reported in Las Villas Province. NATO Offers Information Exchange to Dr. Mora, OAS Secretary General WASHINGTON. —(UP).— North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) aiming at closer coopera- tion in the free world, offered to study an exchange of information with the Organization of American States (OAS). Tt was learned the proposal is contained in a letter from the Secretary ‘of NATO, Paul Henri Spaak, to the General Secretary of the OAS, Dr. José A. Mora, INVITATION 10 PRESIDENTS TO FRONDIZI'S INAUGURAL BUENOS AIRES (UP)— The Foreign Ministry announces that all Presidents of American nations have been invited to the inaugura- tian ceremonies of President elect, Dr. Arturo Frondizi. The Foreign Ministry announces the invitation has been accepted by the President of Honduras, and the Government Council of Uru- guay. Richard Nixon, U. S. Vice- President and the Foreign Minis- ter of Ecuador will attend, too. The Governments of India and South Africa have agreed to ap- point their Ambassadors at Buenos Aires as special Ambassadors, for United States, HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Latin American steel and aluminum. The Embas- sy’s Benjamin Franklin Library, now in a separate building, will occupy thé second floor. The new Embassy is to be erect- ed about half a mile down the Paseo de la Reforma from the building in which the U.S. now rents space, The U:S. firm Southwestern Ar- chitects and Engineers, of Beau- mont and Austin, Tex., designed the new building, MEXICO DEPORTS SPANIARD, CUBAN MEXICO CITY. — (UP). — A Spaniard and a Cuban were deport- ed by, the Department of Im- migration for violation of Immi- gration statutes. Shipped out of the port of Ve- racruz were Spaniard ‘Julio César Lopez Prendes and Cuban Barto- ter, Judy, 5. News in Brief include ship and port construc- METAL PRODUCTS IMPORTS RESTRICTED GUATEMALA. — The Ministry of Economy placed special import license requirements on_ several metal products, because local pro- duction is “capable of supplying the needs of local consumption.” Among the products included in the limitation are architectural and ornamental metal forms, metal (galvanized or not) drain pipés and canals, doors, windows and frames for same, metal curtains and their accessories. MEXICAN-DUTCH TRADE TO BE PROMOTED MEXICO CITY. —(UP).— The new Ambassador to México from the Low Countries, Reijnier Flaes, broached the possibility that Dutch maritime know-how might be able lomé Gregoris. Gregoris was. de- ported for illegal entry. Lépez Prendes was an immigrant’ who allegedly failed to comply laws governing such persons, with | Holland 'to help México in its March-to- the-Sea program. He said a Trade Commision from “will arrive im ‘México avound the end of Apvil, and will! uses the ceremony. tion experts. The delegation was invited by Secretary of Economy Gilberto Loyo. Flaes said the Low Countries plan to expand their Méxican im- ports which consist mainly of cot- ton, minerals, fruits and fibers, while stepping up machinery . ex- ports to México. MUSEUM FOR FOLK ART AND HANDICRAFTS GUATEMALA. — The Banco de Guatemala donated’ $1,000 to start the Museum of Folk Art and Han- dicrafts which will be inaugurat- ed in May, 1959, during meetings in Guatemala of the Fourth Inter- aremican Indian Congress. The In- dian Congress has been postponed from this coming Fall until next year. The Folk Art Museum will e | United Press was informed by re- liable sources. The purpose is to increase the | relations between the regional non- communists alliances, as proposed by Secretary of State, John Foster Dulles, in the Foreign Ministers meeting of the NATO held in Pa- ris last December. Dr. Manuel Pra- do, President of Pert, made a si- milar proposal on that occasion, There is the possibility of a simi- lar exchange of information be- tween South East Asia Treaty Or- gazination (SEATO), and the Bag- dad Pact. The United States is a part both of NATO and OAS, and believes . the NATO has to learn much from the group of the 21 American Re- publics established 130 years ago, mainly for peaceful solution of dis- putes, and economic and social matters. The Inter American Al- liance has solved innumerable eases of tension in recent years before they ended in war. How- ever, a proposal to establish a closer union between the two or- ganizations was greatly oppossed by. some Latin American Countries, especially México, which thinks that OAS must not commit itself in matters outside the Western Hemisphere. There is not much interest either'in NATO. i Therefore, it is probable the matter of closer relations is car- ried out through the General Se cretary, limiting it to the exchange of informations in connection with communists activities, scientific and technical matters and others of mutual interest. It is expected that Secretary of State Dulles, upon his return from Asia, where he attended the SEATO meeting, in Manila, will confer with the Delegates of the twenty Latin American republics. The Council approved a resolu- tion authorizing the General Se- eretary of SEATO to agree with Spaak to a system of exchange of information similar to the one he proposed in the OAS It is believed there must be closer relations be- tween OAS and Bagdad Pact. Spaak’s letter to Mora, written in general terms, proposes the study of effective means for the exchange of information. It is reported Mora showed it to Dr. Eduardo A. Garcia, President of OAS Council. ARGENTINE OIL LOST IN RAILROAD. ACCIDENT SALTA, Argentina, (UP)—00,- push Guatemalan handicrafts and folk art’ making new markets for these products while at the same time reviving lost arts and likewise | roomy Mgroohg Baas: ea 000 liters of oil shipped to this port from the Bolivian oil field were lost when an oil train was derailed between the stations of Pampa and|Blanea, Jujuy, and General ba