Diario las Américas Newspaper, February 15, 1958, Page 12

Inter | American News for English - Specking people eee eee 5th YEA Ga 3AN ROMAN ¢. i . W. SMITR 8. SMITR President Vice President Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice eresident Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advt. & Cire Mer A FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice Precitent and Publisher Antonio gulz Managine ditor Publisheo daily except Monaay — Entered as second class matver at the Post OFftice ot Viam! Snrines Fla op February 8 195v EDITORIAL THE CASE OF PRIO SOCARRAS Without entering into considerations of technical order in legal and procedure ‘matters, the fact that the ex-Presi- dent of the Republic of Cuba, Dr. Carlos Prio Socarras, has been jailed, acussed of conspiring in the United States against the regime of General Batista, constitutes, without combt, a verv delrate matter for this country before inter- national publie opinion, in particular before the Cuban people and the Latin American countries. Dr. Carlos Prio Socarrés became President of Cuba through free elections, with democracy in full force, and during his Government he ntained relations of cordiality and cooperation with the United States; and his regime, in political matters, was a regime of freedom. All these characteristics, as well as the manner in which he was overthrown, through a military coup, determine the fact that he is considered by Latin Americans as a figure of continental democracy. And that figure is now in jail in the United States of America. o MANUEL MEJIA, SYMBOL OF COFFEE, AND _BULWARK OF THE ECONOMY THE AMERICAS Only-a few days ago, in this same editorial column, we referred to the importance of the birth of the Inter- national Coffee Organization and, naturally, the name of Manuel Mejia honored our commentary. Today, we refer to him with the profound dismay caused by the knowledge that his extraordinary personality will no longer guide the routes of the economy of the Americas, which base in the production and consumption of coffee a great portion of their present and their future. His 71 years of age, of constant and effective labor, the long hours of a trip between Rio de Janeiro and Bo- gota, did not prevent him from visiting, shortly after his return to Colombia, the headquarters of the National Coffee Growers Federation, where a most important ses- sion was about to take Bare. His presence alone was enough to subside the ex sting tension among the distin- guished members of the Association who had gone to the meeting fully aware that the man who embodied the hopes of all was far away from the homeland, acting as Colom- bian Ambassador in Brazil. “My greatest hope would be to die beside a coffee tree, noticing its greenness, which is a symbol of the eco- nomic aspirations of many of our peoples’, was the remark once made by this illustrious citizen of America who, in large measure, fulfilled his desire by completing the meri- torious journey of his existence fifteen minutes after tak- ing his seat at the desk which through the long years had been a witness to the earnest vicissitudes of the man who stood for so much in the hopes of the coffee growers, that when he passed away, they felt such a desolation of spirit that its echo is heard throughout the coffee mountains of America, while the New York coffee market registers a dip of three U.S. cents per pound. THE AMERICAS DAILY joins in the sentiments of the Hemisphere, with the belief that the memory, always illustrious and noble, of Manuel Mejia, will cause the principles for which he fought with such ardor and honor, to triumph in homage to him, as the salvation of the coffee industry, and as the absolute necessity for the economy of the Americas, that now turn their eyes toward a cluster of distinguished figures within the industry, such as An- drés Uribe and Gomez Jaramillo, of Colombia; José Maria Alkim and Paulo Guzzo, of Brazil; Jorge Sol and Jorge Mon- tealegre, of Central America; Miguel Angel Cordera, of México, and Jorge Harten, of Peru. koe ARID TE Latin American Finance and Trade News Reports COLOMBIAN COFFEE POLICY WILL REMAIN UNCHANGED BOGOTA, Colombia (UP)— Top Colombian coffee authorities said this country’s basic coffee policies will remaia unchanged despite the death of Manuel Mejia, manag er of the Coffee Growers Federa tion, which controls the industry. Mejia’s sudden death from a heart attack threw the local coffee market into confusion and opera tions at the Bogoté Stock Ex change were virtually at a stand still. In the foreign exchange mar ket the U.S. dollar rose by about 10 points in terms of Colombian pesos, from 6.66 pesos per dollar Monday to 6.77 today. Known throughout the world’s coffee circles as “Mr. Coffee”, the 71 years old Mejia was succeeded temporarily by the Federation’s As sistant Managers Arturo Gémez Ja ramillo and Mario Anibal Melo. His definite successor will be chusen by the Colombian Govern ment from a list of three candi- dates proposed by the Federation. Mejia had just arrived from Rio de Janeiro, where he was Colom bian Ambassado, to attend a con | ference of the Federation’s region al managers called to adopt a plan for financing the stocks of coffee which Colombia will retain from world markets in compliance with international ageements reached | at a cecent Rio conference. The withdrawals, amounting to 20 per cent of Colombia's total pro duction, are designed to curb sag ging prices in the worlds markets. Foreign. Minister Carlos Sanz de Santa Maria lea government offi cials and other personalities in eu logizing Mejia during funeral ser vices, Guillermo Machén de Paz, Am bassador from El Salvador, an nounced in his funeral oration that his country’s coffee exporters, act ing spontaneousty and with subse quent approval by the government had suspended all coffee shipments until Monday in mourning for Me jia’s death, Subscribe to the Americas Daily a ——— For a better understanding between the Americas Brazilian Police Chief Requests Adequate Laws to Fight Red Activities RIO DE JANEIRO, Feb. 13. —|“inmediate legislation” to enable MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., SATURDAY, FEBRU be Held Under Any Conditions ARY 15, 1958 Flections Will HE AMERICAS DAILY - Member Inter American Press Association e For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 189 Cuban Ex President Prio Surrenders to a Federal (UP).—The Chief of the Political| the authorities “to frustrate co- Police, Danilo Nufiez, revealed the} munist infiltration’, and remark- detailed file about the life of high| countries as the United States and Brazilian Government officials,| Great Britain, the law makes the with a “methodic analysis” of their | fight against comunism easier than economic standing, religion creed| it is in Brazil. arrest of a Soviet spy who had a|ed that in democratic and liberal | Judge H | Venezuela to Show Aramburu Says BUENOS AIRES, Feb. 14. (UP) | President Pedro E. Aramburu af- | firmed in a speech last night that | the elections of February 23, will ere, Goes to Jail (Decides to Remain in Prison Until Three Others Raise Money For Bond and. weak points. In a television interview, Nufies said Brazilian law prohibits the suspension of comunism, and; leaves the country open for its} activites, and although the party| is. outlawed, the spreading of} such ideas is not, and that there} is no law to prihibit comunists| from occupying public offices, The Chief of Police asked for Know thy Neighbor By ANTONIO RUIZ COLOMBIA —. Colombia began | its independent existence as the} “State of New Granada,” the| name being changed several times | until, in 1886, that of Republic of Colombia was officially adopted. The rise of the modern Colembian nation as a Constitutional Repub- | lie, began in 1832, when the Con- | stitution of that year established a federal form of government with three branches: legislative, execu- tive and judicial. Francisco de Paula Santander, the first Presi- dent, was elected in 1832 and sery- ed until 1837. Santander was not only important instrument in win ning independence for Colombia, but he, more then any other man, made it a nation Called by Bolivar “the organizer of victory,” and “the man of the laws,” Santander charted the course of the nation to- ward democracy and sound order-| ly government which successive | statesmen carried on until a few | yeeis ago, when the country fell | Sunder a dictatroship. In the process of reaching political ma- turity, the nation alternated be. tween periods of peace and con- flict until 1902, enjoying then half a century of genuine democracy, The geographical isolation of the chief centers of population, early developed the economic and social self sufficiency of each, which led | to a high degree of regional Po: | litical autonomy Since the revolu- tionary period, there had existed fundamental differences between | the advocates of strong, centralized | government and the proponents of | the federal system of united states, These conflicting points of view | jshow that comunism | having some one He declared that Russia is busy in an active campaign of infiltra- tion in Brazil and that in 1957 the publishing of Russian propa- ganda, he mentioned as_ typical the “Russian Economie Geograpy” published in Spanish, calling it one of the most striking. He edded, also, there are books intending to is a better way of living than democracy. He said there is a growing num- ber of “Russian tourists” visiting the country. He also mentioned as Sov'ct visitors the female basket ball team, “Dynamo” football team, ballet of Bolshoi’s Theatre, the Antartic exploration ship “Varja” and others, “each one in charge of making fhem obey orders”. He said there are Soviet agents interested \in the industry and Brazilian atomic works, which they constantly spy upon, as well as the import of modern arms from United States. As a summary of the interview, Niifiez declared the Soviets keep perfectly well informed of last events, not only in Brazil, but everywhere else. Defense Officials Going to San Juan on February 21 ST. PETERSBURG, Fla. (UP). —Asst. Secretary of Defense Mur- ray Snyder disclosed today that top Defense Department officials will fly to Puerto Rico Feb. 21 to discuss a reorganization of the department. |be held “no matter what pressure or obstacles” are placed to prevent them, “Power will be assumed —he jadded— by the men elected by \failure will be | the community. | “We have been opposed to nu- merous requests that communism |be declared illegal, and we must the success of the citizens, and their success or| | iGreat Progress at _ the Brussels Fair | BRUSSELS, Feb. 14. (UP).—Ve-| |nezuela intends to demonstrate in |the World Fair this summer at Brussels, she has rich and pro- By UNITED PRESS Former Cuban President Carlos Prio Socarrés surrendered to fe- deral authorities yesterday on charges of plotting the overthrow of the Cuban government while living in the United States. Prio elected to go to jail until three alleged co-conspirators in the charges also can raise bond. earras will not make the deposit for the others indicted due to the fact that the federal accusation affirms he delivered money to them for revolutionary activities, Gino Negretti, lawyer for Orta and VA4zquez, declared: “I will make a collection inmediately among their friends and relatives to make the deposit for the bond.” explain our conduct. We know how | gressive industries and a fertile dangerous are their doctrines of soi] too, slavery, where man is but a toy * ‘of the most primitive imperialism| Venezuelan Ambassador, Ramon |of the State, and we know the | Hernandez Ron, in charge of Vene- jWay in which they work, but we! jyelan pavillion in the Fair to be | will not hesitate in giving them| x i | freedom, even if they plot against | Opened April 17, intends to de- it, because the Argentine people|™ostrate that the Venezuelan oil ;must know them and create their|industry, universally known, has hoe “gaa weapons to ag the | only served as a basis for the va- struggle. ommunists work wit! . * . Peres * | greater intensity and effectiveness | TOUS industrial activities in the in the underground”. country, Meanwhile, the “Peronist Tacti- ‘ adel 1 cal Command” has distributed BecHOns Beogu ena: Maa an c ore, manganese and aluminum are photostat copies of an order sent} shown in the Venezuelan exhibi- by Perén from Ciudad Trujillo,| tion, Others will explain progress jon Feb. 3, in which he orders Pe-| jn agriculture and the great dock |ronists to prevent with their votes} systems that have enriched the jin the elections the “continuist) pation, | plans”. : | In the order Perén says: Venezuela is one of the 47 coun- | “Only absolute intransigence! tries and eight International Agen- ond civil resistance will be able|cies to participate in Brussels’ » achieve the insurrectional| Fair, the first world exhibition of sians”, \the atomic era. Credits From the United States Federal Judge Emmet Choate} About 75 Cubans were waiting set bond for the four Cubans at|in the corridors of the Court dur- $3,000. He ruled that the $25,000) ing the short trial. The ‘majority bond requested by federal authori-| were Prio’s followers, but a small ties in New York was “unreason-| group booed him when he passed able”. through the long corridor. |. Prio and eight others were MUST APPEAR IN N. Y. indicted by a federal grand jury WITHIN TWO WEEKS in New York Thursday on charges} NEW YORK, Feb. (UP).—Cu- of violating the neutrality act by|ban ex-President and the eight in- enlisting rebels and providing! dicted Cubans by a Federal Court money to launch military expedi-| accused of getting together to vio- tions against his homeland. late the Neutrality Law of the Surrenderirg along with Prio| United States, will have to appear were his brother-in- law, Dr. En-|here before the Federal Court, |rique Henriquez, a physician;| within two weeks. | Daniel Vasquez, 31, a self-styled | The date of the trial, however, | soldier of fortune arrested last) has not been announced. | October in an attempt to trans-| Federal Judge, Edward Wein- port guns for Cuban rebels to) field, demanded José Iriarte, one |Miami, and Juan Orta, 51, first|of the indicted arrested yesterday president of the July 26th Asso-|in this city, to file a bond of Brazil to Request $100,000,000 in WASHINGTON, Feb. 14. (UP). out that dollar reserves in Brazil Snyder said they would remain there until Feb. 24 for a weekend “of complete application of the | Brazil will request from the |United States soon credits for problem of Defense Department | $100,000,000, to assist her in the} organization”. They will fly from| payments of imports from this Washington to Ramey Air Force|country during the next three Base on the island. Those making the trip include Defense Secretary Neil McElroy,, Asst. Secretary of Defense Donald Quarles, Gen. Nathan Twining, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff; Admiral Arthur W. Rad- ford, former chairman of the joint chief; Gen. Omar Bradley, an- other former chairman; Gen. Al- fred M. Gruenther, former NATO commander; Nelson Rockefeller, author of a recent military asess- ment report; Bill Foster, former deputy defense secretary; Charles A. Coolidge, special assistant in the Pentagon, and Snyder. were staunchly defended by sin- cere and patriotic statesmen, | whose loyalty to political principles | led at times to open revolt and | warfare. From these two factions | grew the country’s two traditional Parties, Liberal and Conservative. During the first 30 years after 1832, the liberals and conserva- tives were almost evenly matched | anu frequently alternated in Pow- er. Between 1863 and 1884, the lib- erals were in control of the na- tional government..The revolution of 1885, which defeated the liber- als, also markec the end of the federal system With the country in bankruptcy and demoralized, party leaders resolved to put the country’s welfare above partisan- ship and formed a national party. A reform movement headed by | President Rafael Nufiez, resulted | in the adoption of the Constittiou | of 1886, which with subsequent amendments was in force until re-| cently, Since 1886, Colombia has been a! unitarian repubiic. Federalism ver- | sus unitarism was not the only is- sue, and the struggle for power between liberals and conservatives led to the “War of a Thousand | Days,” which caused incalculable losses to the nation. The three year conflict ended in 1902 with a trea- ty of peace between the liberals and the nationa} government, in which the latter agreed to institute electoral and other reforms, In he evolution of Colombian democracy civilian as opposed to military government was tradition- al for more than half a century, and also the una!terable opposition of the peopie to dictatorships. Dur- ing long years of political strife, very few legitimate governments have been overthrown by revolu- tion or presidents deposed by mili- tary coups, No president of Colom- bia has ever been assassinated, a remarkable record for any coun- try, Until recentiy, Colombians had been very proud of the fact that the majority of their presidents had been scholars, diplomats, writ- ers, and journalists of internation- months, it was learned here today. | Brazilian sources said negotiations will begin soon with several agen- cies of the U.S. Government. They also declared that their country contemplates the possibility of re- questing loans from U.' S. private banks. These sources said announce- ment of the forthcoming financial | negotiations is imminent. Besides credits from the United States, Brazil can acquire loans | from the International Monetary |Fund, the World Bank, and the| | have reached a new low, possibly | on more than three million dollars. They attribute this decrease in | dollar reserves to lower exports of Brazilian coffee to the dollar zones, and to possible extraordi- nary payments the Brazilian Go- vernment must make in connec- tion with its public works pro- gram. It was learned, however, that the United States Government has not been officially notified about the intentions of Brazil of request- ing the credit for 100 million dollars. This, and statements by well informed Brazilian sources, indi-| cate that reports published yester- day in Brazil that negotiations for | Export-Import Bank. Well informed officials pointed | the credit were being held, were gencio Batista. The Cubans surrendered to au- thorities although the arrest order York. Judge Choate accepted the surrender based on a sworn dis- position from prosecutor O. B. Cline. David Walters, lawyer of Prio | Socarras and Henriquez, told the Judge “that although my clients {enjoy of a good economic situa- tion and can make the deposit for |the bond, they asked me not to do it until the others, who are unable to make the deposits, will | be able to, Walters explained that Prio So- HILTON TO BUILD 15 NEW YORK, Feb. 14 (UP) — | Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Co- lombia, have the purpose to inten- sify U.S. tourist movement to those countries this year, devoting sub- premature. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS stantial amounts of money to pro- Latin American News in Brief VENEZUELAN STUDENTS BACK IN UNIVERSITIES CARACAS, Venezuela. (UP).— | More than 6,000 University studens! |returned to classes for the first) time since Nov. 24 last year. The Government Junta granted the’ students request for the dis- missal of all professors known to have supported the ousted dicta- torship of Marcos Pérez Jiménez. Two universities in Caracas and one each in Mérida and. Mara- caibo resumed normal activies also, Caracas University students abandoned the classrooms nearly three months ago protesting the “plebiscite” by which Pérez Jimé- nez had himself reelected for ano- ther five-year period. They played a leading role in the successful army-civilian revo- lution which ousted Pérez Jimé- nez last Jan. 23. MORE CLASSROOMS FOR MEXICAN STUDENTS MEXICO CITY. —(UP).— The Department of Public Education said private schools and the capi- tal’s Lions Club have provided class rooms for 52,500 primary grade children who would other- wise be deprived of education op- portunities because of the city’s classroom shortage. The Department said the Lions Club has furnished 225 classrooms while 100 private schools have of- fered free education to working al reknown. Spanish Version Page class children who were unable to enroll in public schools, PERUVIAN GIRLS GET U.S. APPOINTMENTS LIMA, Pert. —(UP).— Two of the first three women ever admit- ted to the Peruvian Foreign Ser- vice have been assigned to posts in the United States, it was disclos- ed today. Marfa Salazar Castellanos was named Vice Consul in New York and Rosa Garibaldi Flores Vice Consul in Miami, Fla. The other, Maria Montoya Castillo was named Third Secretary in the Foreign Ministry here. RAILROAD TRAFFIC IN MEXICO INCREASES MEXICO CITY. —(UP).— The Treasury Department cited the in- crease in railroad freight traffic for the first nine months of 1957 to 13 million tons over 12.7 million tons for the corresponding period of 1956 as proof of the expanding economy and foreign commerce of the Republic. Te Department said 15 new loco- motives, including 12 diesels, were added by the national railroads last year to meet the demand of increased traffic. The purchase of 3300 new boxears to replace present rolling stock is planned \for the next three years. AGREEMENT ASKED FOR NEW ENVOY CARACAS, Venezuela. (UP), — The Government Junta was report- ed authoritatively to have asked the U.S. Government’s agreenment to the appointment of Dr. Héctor Santaella as the new Venezuelan fessor of social and economic sci- ences at the Central University here and a former official of the International Monetary Fund. He would succeed César Gon- z4lez, who was sent to Washington by the ousted dictatorship Mar- cos Pérez Jiménez. MEXICAN MONUMENT TO BE READY IN MARCH MEXICO CITY, —(UP).—Sculp- tor Fernandez Urbina, who is charged with the total restoration of Mexico’s “Angel of Independen- ce” which was destroyed in the capital’s devastating earthquake last july 28, said the work will be completed by the middle of March. He said the symbol of Mexican Independence and a capital land- mark since the turn of the century, would possibly be replaced on its pedestal on the Paseo de la Refor- ma at the end of March. Urbina said restoration has been difficult because the statue was made of an amalgamation of me- tals that is hard to mold. His first task, he said, was to deter- mine the exact temperature point at which the cast would permit fusion, allowing the broken pieces to be mended together. He said he has worked ten hours a day on the statue ever since he was commissioned by the federal government to accomplish the re- paration. CIUDAD PEMEX TO BE READY THIS MONTH MEXICO CITY. (UP)—Pemex, the nationalized mexican petrole- Ambassador in Washington. Santaella is an economist, pro- um industry, announced that Ciu- dad Pemex, an oil town carved out of the jungle in the State of Ta- basco, will be formally dedicated by President Ruiz Cortines later this month. The town consists of a large pe- troleum processing plant, 1,000 homes for workers, apartment buildings, a school, a church, and a shopping center. Initial production of the absorp- tion plant has been set at 14,000 barrels of light oil products per day, including 6,000 of gasoline, 1,200 of kerosene and diesel oil and the remainder propane and butane. Production from Ciudad Pemex will furnish oil products to north- western México and part of the Pacifie Coast. REGISTRATION CAMPAIGN SPEEDED UP IN MEXICO MEXICO CITY. (UP). — The Mexican Social Security Institute joined labor unions, political par- ties and other organizations in a nation-wide campaign to get all eligible citizens to register for nex July’s general elections. Officials estimated that some 12,000,000 persons would register before the deadline on Feb. 15. So far only about 3,000,000 per- ‘sons have registered, and a big campaign has been started by all labor -unions and political parties to get potential voters to registra- tion’ offices located throughout the country. Several organizations have asked for an extension of the deadline South American ciation, a group dedicated to the} $5,000. overthrow of Cuban President Ful-| Iriarte, a lawyer, was leader of the students uprising and a Senate candidate in his country. He legally arrived to United has not been recelved from New| States two and a half years ago, and established “La Gran Via”, a traveling agency. The Cuban lawyer living here with his wife and three children, appears in the accusation as repre sentive in New York of the Au thentic Party led by exPresident Dr, Carlos Prio Socarras. Iriarte recently was accused of having hit Reinaldo Valdés, bro- ther of an agent of Cuban Intel- ligence Service, it was reported. The accusation was dismised by the Court. South American Countries Taking Steps to Increase Tourist Trade HOTELS IN 3 YEARS mote tourist rade, it was revealed in tourist sources here. They said Cale voted $100,000 for that purpose, and Colombia $3,000,000, Argentina has a similar project, and Brazil is preparing a report of forur points, on tourist attractions of the country. For a long time, Latin American countries have complained they do not have a profitable share of the tourist trade. USS. tourist spent $1,800;000,000 abroad last year. Of this amount countries re- ceived only $29,000,000, Cuba, on the other hand, attracted thou- sands of U.S. tcurists who spent there $37,000,000. The American Express says on- ly 30,927 U. S. tourist went last year to South America, against 1,- 250,000 who went to Europe and other parts of the world. At the same time, new hotels are being built in South America, and transport companies are expanding their services to that part of the continent. Brazil will inaugurate soon a new hotel in the zone of Iguazt Falls, in the southern part of the coun+ try. Five hotels are under con- struction in Venezuela. The Hilton Hotels Corporation reports that it plans construction of 15 new hotel; in South America within the next two or three years, Regarding transport companies, Moore-McCormack Lines reports that in the fourth quarter of this year it will put in the New York- Buenos Aires services two new pas- senger ships, the “Argentina” and the “Brazil,” with a capacity for 553 passengers each. The construe tion will cost $25,000,000 for each ship. z In the middle of this year, the northern coast of South America will have the new “Santa Rosa” and “Santa Paula,” of the Grace Line, in service ‘ e The commercial airlines Pana- gra Pan America, Braniff, Varig (Brazilian), and Avianca are in- creasing their present services. In 1960 it is expected, jet passenger planes will contribute to increase tourist trade to South since they will considerably redu and it was believed that the re- quest will be granted. the time for trips between the United States and those countries, tn