Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 16, 1878, Page 12

= THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY. MARCIY 16, 1878—TWELVE PAGIS, FARM VILLAGE “The Russian Settlements in West- ern Kansas. An Interesting Acconnt of the People, Taeir Way of Living, Etc. The Patriarchnl System, and How It Don’t Always Work. Advantages of Farm Villages in the Far West, A Plan of Subdlivision for a Farm Village. BMr. O, C, Gibhs Makes a Square Offer to Those Concerned. Tn the Editor of The Tridune. Wa-Krrxer, Trego Co., Kas., March 7.—I have on this, my third trip to this part of Kan- ras, availed mysell of the opportunity offered St visiting one of the three Russian sctilcments socated in the eastern part of Ellls County, ad- Joining thisan the cast, and, findlng many things in conncetion with their mode of life, habits, social customs, cte., which wero of great inter- est to me, have presumed that an account of them would be of equal intercst to readers of ‘Tis Trinuse. Thess Russian communities also furnish a practical illustration of the ad- vantages of scttlements In A new coun- try in Farm Villages, with outlying farms, fustead of each family being fsvlated by location on its own farm, ot o dis- tance of a half mile or mile from any, other fomlly or neichbor. Huch plaus of settlement have been advacated ns theorles by writers in this country from time to time, but 1 am not mware of noy communitics belng formed on this plan except those made by the Russiaus in tho West, There have been many communities formed by soclal reformers of this country and from Europe on a Communistic bosis, the.ln- dividual futerest bemg merged In that of the communlty, few of which, thougn fine In theory, have proved successful in practice. But TUESE RUSBIAN BRTTI.EMENTS furnish an Hlustration of agricultural commu- nities living in villages, and each retaining his scparate individual nterest as completely ns if 1tving ot his own farm. These peuplo are from Southcastern Ruesin, and are descoudants of wolonlets of German artisans whom Peter the Great foduced to settic in Russia on promise of socelal privileges, smong which was immunity from military service for them and thelr de- scendants forever. These privileges have been enjoyed by them untll the present * time, but four years ago the preseut Czar of Russla pro- mulgated o deceee that after the expiration of six years they must be subject to military service like other Russian subjects. This ied to an {mmediate emigration movement amous them, many colonles coming to this country, and others scttling in Brazll, and sthl lurger aceesslons are expected during thie next two years. ‘These peoplo are distinet from the Mennonites, being all devout Catho- lies, while the Mennonites ju their chureh or- pantzatioes asshuilute with the Lutherans with 1he non-reslstant principles of the Quakers, The village visited by me—Catharinestadt—is loeates) about eight miles northeast fromn Iaye City, nud Is rently the representative of the avlstoeralic cleracnt, most of the members bolng in comlortable clreumstauces, and some quite wealthy, The other two' eetticments in the county, one nesr Victoris, and snuther in tho Valiey of the Smoky Ril), are more plebelan In chiaracter, CATHARINESTADT i3 hulit on o single strect, In the Vallev of Big Creels, the houses all faclng. ench other from opposite sliles of the street, Most of the houges are substantlal stone structures, bufit by themselves, cach man sceming to bo a jacks nt-all-trades, aud capabie of dofne any kind of work. The stone, obtained from quarrles about a mile from town, is the soft limestone, easily Yhaped by a raw or ax. Most families erected “aol-odses™ for thelr first temporary shelter, but have since nearly all finshed and moved Into uew houscs, Somo of the finest sod-houses remuln, These are olustered on the toside oud whitewashed, snd cunnot be told, so far as fusido uppearances £o, from a_stune or brlek houee, 1n some of the other villages, § am tald, they plaster the sod houses outstde as well as in, making them really neat und comfortable, and, when so plase tered, thev are durable nouses at minimum cost. 1 bave mever scen such porfection of whitewnshlug us in these Russtan houses, every partleie of wall deing us whito as the arlven B0 ‘The same scrupulous care scems Lo ba extended to all their urrangements, the tloors belug scoured, and it many houscs sanded. Carpets are not the fashion, neither are bud- rouma,—the house containing but a single ronm if xuall, ar, i large, two or more large rooms, with beds in the corners or about the sides. FOIL HEATING PURIOSES they build lurge stous ovens about four feet high and wide by cleht to ten feet long, with' a mouth or door aboul two feet square. In these they burn straw, corn-stalks, weeds, and any sumbugtivle materlal, ‘They slso manulacture an artlcle of fuel {rom horsc-stable manurs by spreadingg It out in o broad bed, melting and then tramplng fine by horses. It 18 then cat u; In cakes, dricd, aud stored away llke peat, It burns readily, mukes a hot flre, and when burn- 3 an the stone uyens cives out no disagrecable odur, The ovens, from thelr sizo and the thieks tess of thelr walls, when oncn falrly warm, glve ut u steady und surecable heat, and are, ! ik, an wlmirable method of heatine, which anghit wetl beadooted by other setticrd In this 2ountry. Like st Enropeans,—aul some town- site progrictors I have known in this countey, —they conld not set over the tdea that Jand was dear, avd 8o have made thelr lots sltogether e rods, or oy oue-half acres, with' lots fucing cach other on it tuo crowded an pearance, and really does not wtford sutlicient oo for outhulldings, harns, veectable gur- ! s, E Tami) its lots funced In, ¢ither with o substantia) stone-fence drone made by drlving staties about une foot woart, aud weaving 1 willows, which is dono ax y a3 willow husket work, and {a really o of urt. Part of each lotts set in frult,— npples, pears, peaches, grapes, currants, et ,— Wl show as cusd growth und healthy a cou- dition as 1 ever suw 1o auy couutry, TIE PATIIAZCHAL S8YSTEM of fumlly imanazement prevails, The father ls e heud of the (amily, and directs aud controls il its uifairs during Nis lifotime, - At his death thic uldest son assumes the positlon, ‘The head of the funlly also adwinisters the uoceasary dizelpline according to his judement. ‘The soute people narry carly (It not often) and, instead of setting up a howio for themaelyes, wo futoand become 8 part of the famlly of the busbaud’s or wile's father, Botwe of “the young wen aro imbiblng some demo- eratic notwns, which are snokiug trouble in the commumty, Thus,a few weeks sluce, thie Patriarch of ‘a fuimily, in the exercise of his authority, whipped Dhis ‘son's wife, The youug an Laving e dm fdea that that was not just the thie in Amerles, thoweh 1t might be all rizht i Russta, went over to Hays City and {n- quired 4f the laws of this country zave bils fu. tuer o right Lo whip Afs wife, Finding thot the: Gid not, be forthwith packed his traps, took hila wite, utd left the puternal domdell, starting out ou Lils own acount, ‘This revolt from estab. lished snd bereditary customs and ussges shook the community tu its very foundations, There peopie buve momw very tine (and In some cases thoroughbred) catile, horses, and hozs. Thelr forms are o u radius of about three milve, Wheat {s their - principal crop, though corn, barley, rye, willet, snd orncrrmm wre grown. They bave thelr church and school, rnu are great on sociul arraugement, coming n ZIPZCIALLY STHONG ON WEDDINGS, at which thuew the festivitics ars kept up for three days. ‘They are cicceaingly friendly unil hospstable to visitors. At scversl of the Lousea at wlich we called, # luuch was set out fur obslsting ol tea sud coflee, cakes, sau- sage, cte. - reach now the practical question bag in view In wiiting this article, viz.: {s ot this method of settliug dn farus villuges the best metbod for settlers I a new countryd How. over dusirablessuch s method wuy be, it 13 f- jaructicable to readjust conditlons to v in old- euttled comwunitics, but in 8 uew country like this fu Western Kausas, §f 1L can be suows that such a method of scttlcent 18 the beat, that it posecsses sdvantages that far outweigh all the disauvantages, thero 1s nothing to prevent its aduption, and the gatberivg of the new settlers i prouos and villuges, tustead of cach fawlly beiue foplated aud u!vm frow ull others. 14t s, then, conslder this questlon of rela- tive pain sud Jueo, L0 seo 1 W call aacertalu on ZXPLANATION OF FLAN. Whole tract—8ig hundred and forty acres, Tark In centre—Ten acres. ixteen 1ots fronting on patk—Seven-eighths acroeach, ° ;:luhct jota in enmerf (triangular -hnnn)‘a—rwn and one-cighth acres each. Twenty-four lata-—Five acres cach. Forty-eight lota~Ten acres each. Total number of lots—Ninety. which stde tho balance will fall. In this practl- cal ago the question of bread-winning or sclf- support {s, and muat always be, the paramount questlon, and of tue thousands In our vountry who uow have tnelr faces sct toward cheap lands, THE GREAT OBJECT WITH ALL, or nearly all, I8 support: for themsclves and families,” which the continued depression in business in the older settied communitics has made It out of thelr power to ubtain fn their old homes. To sccomplish this they are willing to aceept the privations incldent to ‘the scttlement of a new country. DBul it nevertheless re- maine o fact, that in going from our Eattern towns, villages, and older sct- tled comnunitics, to settle on now claims on Government lands, with tho sparse setticment always incident to a new country, theremust necessarily be a loss and deprivatlon of soclal, retigious, and cducational privileges to which they have been sccustomed, ~ Man is a soclal being,” and thus is especlally truo of his wife and children. The man, engaged fn hisact~ Ive out-door life, with frequent trips to tho town, doea not feel the deprivation of soclal privilezes ns his wife and children do, and thouih they may bo chicered and buoyed up by the hopo aud absolute certainty of in a few vears, {'.V sacrifice and sell-denial, achieving a comfortabls indopendence, they cannot cscape the experfence of monotony and homesickncss sure to be cxpericnced by the new settler's family on o new farm o half-milo or a milo away frum any other neighbor. Let us sce what THR SPECIAL ADVANTAGKS WOULD DX It tnstead of each building his home on his own clafin or purchiasg, all were to coma together in o farm village. There would be the galn in so- clal life, the doing away with the feollog of loncliness, fsulation, the scnse of protection, amd seeurlty from proximity to nelghbors. It would enable them to malntafn and support schools of s high order for thelr chifldron,—lm- possible i o " spurscty-settled nelgliborhood. The samo _would tric 88 regards church privileges, especlally the soclal religlous mectings on week-lay evenings; also gatherings for social, lterary, or musical entertutniments, ‘Thors could be a public read- fng-room and library, a post-ofllce, stores, me- chanlcs’ shops, all tho convenlences of tho beat organized civil society, all within ten minutes® walk of un{‘ member of the community, The would bo the meutal stimulus of frequent cons tact with othors, preventing tho rust and stag- natlon uften experienced by persons living apart {row their fellow-inen. Such s communlty would also attract to it a class of people in well-to-do circumstances, who . WOULD LIKE TO GO WEST toencage {n tarming und stock-raising on a I{b- cral scale, but who are deterred from so doing Ly the |r‘Vl\|.lllnl' loes of soclety and privileges t0 which their fuinilies would be cxposed by lo- cating on a farn. It would tnke from farm-life Its monotony and -lmdgur(y. which under ordinary condl- tions makes {t su monotonous and unattractive to the furmers’ boys and glrls, and makes them on the first opportunity offered leave the farm for the overcrowdud village or Ly, sluply be- cause thelr natures crave socloty, socdal priv- fleizes, und mental stimulug that farm-1fe under orndinury conditions caunot furnish, With” the Jabor-saving implements of the present day dolug_ awny so largely with the drudgery of manual lubur, with a village honie, ataple uind broad enough for [rults, llowers, und ornamental gronnds; with the privileges that voull bu enjoyed for sociul 1ifo and rational rec- reatlon, there 18 no reason why the farmer's home, under such comiltions, shonld not be the pleasantest and moat atteactive to bo found on carth,—uniting the substantial advantages of both rural and urban life. TO UPF2ET TIESE ADVARTAGES there will be the ttme dally consumned in colng to aund from the Inbor on” the larm,~perliaps iwo or three miles nway,—the haullug of such supiplies from the farm'as witl bo needed for fawily consumption or the fundlnqol teams and stock} but these will be offset in a measure, oy wul be scon when we come to the subject of the town-site plan, in which the lots will be large enough to supply nll vegoetables and fruit required, und to furnish work at home on days whon the weather fs such ua to forbld going to the farm, (Each remder ean In his own mind conslider such vther dlsadvantages as oy occur to him, und decide for bimselt which way the seale will turn.) ‘The question will here arise, How can thoso who settle upon homestead lands hold thelr claims aml perfect their title, while living in viliages awny from their clalins? To this I ro- rly that tho cuitivation and lmprovement of the anl for the |u|nrurl, of the lnmll{ s a comoli- auca with the full spirit of the Homestoad law, Ita lotter can be complied with by erecung a cheap honse—dug-out, sod-how or board shauty—upot the clulm, (0 which hie shall llvo, cat, and slecp from time to tig, slnce no cou- tests wroatlowed at tho Land ‘Office without lmm! of an abandonment of the clalw for mure hau six munths. 8uch o house would always bu a cunvenlence, as furnishing o place where bired belpor n tenant could )ive, esneclally during tho busy season of seedivg or barvest, ‘The graln or otier products to bu sold _could be stored fn gravuries or cribs upon the farm, snd hauled frow thenco direet tu inarket, L uow {uvita attention to the accompanying PLAN OF SUHDIVISION for o farm village, not clalinlug that it Is by any means perfect, or the most destrable, Lut as nmnfm {llustrate tho subject. ‘T'ho streots should ull be ot least efglty tect wide, allowing a double row of trecs on cach side, with side- walk between, The cortiers of the park wauld furnish suitable sites for the school-honse, church, town-hull, ete., aud tha smull Jots front- |I'15 ou the park, vach with a fruntage of about 100 jeet, would serve for the * butcher, the baker, and candlestick-maker,” the preacher, schoolmaster, and storekeeper, mechanics, ete., who, not haviug farms, would not require so much roum a the farmer, The five and ten acre lots will be used by the farm- ers us thelr hoines, Ing room sutlicfent for ornunental grounds, house and _out-buiidings, cattle yards, ’nrflcu. and orchard. Thess should’all be feuced, sud would be sll toe feuciog required, as tho laws of thy State proe tect tne growlng crops from depredations by stock, furnishing effective wethods of collect- Ing damages from the owner of trespussing stock. TUE LIVE ATOCK OF TIB VILLAUB (except wmilch-cows) cau bo kept during the wrazing season luaranch at adistance, each member contributing prorsts to the exp or put futo the herd of soms tanchman stso wuch per head. ‘The milch-cums could be tuken out each morniug by 8 boy with a pooy, aud ry- turned to their respective owners at eyverlug, By refeyence to the plan it wiil be seen that thesettler ou avy of the lots except tho out- side, fuclug outward, van have his howe but a tritle wore than s hatf-mile .from the centre of the town, whlle the ureatest distauce on any of the vatside lots s luss than vne wile. For the successful {nauguration of auch a plaa of settloment, it 18 not uccessary that o large oumber of fawlllvs should bu secured at the vuteet. lwvm{uu«l fullics wssovluted foe such & LUrposy would be sullicient. "they could pur- ¢lasu und 13y vut tho scetiun for the tawy site, huvivg the thite lua Board of ‘Trustees, which could 2lvo devds to -puschasers. Such a miove uieut would uttract to it otlicr setilers of the best class, who would e glad to buy lota sud make their homes in the villaze, The lots might be sold at a sufficfent advance upon cost to furnish fund sufliciout to build a school- house and Town-Hanil. THH TOWN-HALL should be an lm‘mlant institutfon in such a community, furnishing for atimo a place for religious mectings, social gatherings, entertaln- ments, and evervthing of the kind promotive of the publie welfare. Instead of a church (except where a colony Is formed on a_denominational basis), there shonld be asimple undenomina- tional assuciation, its membership open to any person of good standing, its object belng the sustalning of religlous scrvices and Sunday- school, and could also Inchute soctables, a liter- ary soclety, reading-rovm aud library, furnish- Inig the cssential” valunble elcments of tho church, but without dividlng the small commu- nity |n‘nse¢u. and fmposing upon them the support of sectarfan churclics, when they have nelther the membership nor abllity to sustain hem. ‘The reader will bear in mind that I advocate ne plan involving community of {interest, but only co-operation, cach member's individual in- terest heing as separate and distinet as if ho were llviug a milo away from any other famifly. As belars stated, such an adjustment is Im- vracticable In the older-settled portions of the country, but here, where all {s new and open, there i nothing in the way; and 1 belleve that under wise dircction there can bo planted on theso broad, fertile gmlrlm commupities which In a fow years will show better developments of materinl prosperity and a more healthy and nat. ural socinl orgunization and iife than'the world bas ever scen, CONCLUSION, 1 should glad to aid in any way in my power a movement in this direction, and since 1 am in communication with largo numbers of per- sons who bave already commenced, or who have taken steps towarda sccurlnz homes in Kansas, [ offer myself as a mcdium through which persuns desirous of jolning such a move- ment, and vossosscd of ‘means suflicint to insuro success, may able to communicaty with others like-minded, and will cheerfully reply to all letters addressed to me at 106 Dear- born street, Chicayo, ‘Those desirous of » more thorough examina- tlon of this subject, which 1 have hastlly and very imperfectly presented, will find o very in- teresting mud exhaustive articls by George E. }\ggmg, Jr.y in Seribner's Monthiy for April, Permit mo to say In_conclusion, to avold mis- apprehenslons, that 1 am not engaged in organ- fzing such a volony, My object Ts simply to suirgest the plan to be adopted by colonists If it shuutd mect with approval. But I will checr. tully ald in bringing togethor any who may de- sire to unite in such an enterprise, as also in alding thewn in the selection of asuitable lo- cality, 0. C. G1ops, Q0 WEST, YOUNG MAN, To the Editor of The Tribune. Cnicago, March 15.—The era of common scnso bas hit the country aud made the valleys of the West look Uetter than the smoked watls ot thocity, It points the way to new national prosuerity ncross lots, and hundreds are dally taking that short cut by rall to the choap Gov- erument and raliroad Iands of Kausus sud Ne- braska, The club of hard times and crowded lines of ity labor has knocked so many flat in the mire of city uncertaintles that they mourn for the rural independenco, fall Hving, and health which mnany of them have forsaken atnce the Wur, to live.In the clty and speculate in wheat, instead of growing It. City seevitude has brightenod tho lovk of farm-life fnto ona of solid comlort, generous respectubility, and the best educator of the better nature of the man, It was, therefore, 8 notable sveut that yester. day fifteen coaches loaded with gentletnen and ladles moved out from one of Chicago’s Western ronds on their way to scttlement in Central Konsas. And they will ace littlo of real hard. ship. 8Sucli as think otherwise shouid aslc thel varents or gmndmreuu. who migrated wey from New York and New Englaud to Intinots and Judiang thirty o forty years ngo, before the raflronds were born and loaded teams wors driven all the way from Hulfulo—ask them to dallue **hardship.” Then modern wigration will smack of luxury, with express trains, only a day's travel by team from cven tho romotest lands, Why, follow, for example, tho partles just nollve’c’f: Thoy go dircet to Satina, Kan., nnjvllu Kansas Paclfic, as the land headquarters, whero thoy find & large * emigrant house,” but with- out any Castie-Garden utmmrhnr« about it nud thers loavo thelr fumilics In comtort, and free of expense, whiley during a day or s week, the mon strlkeout inalldirections for the land of spectal promise to each, and tind it io the mar- velousiy-fertile valleys of the SBmoky, the Ha- line, or the Salomon ltivers, the prices ranging from nothing (homesteads) “P to §0, rling to_locution, tiuber, living streams, cte, They will then roturn to Balina, perfect tholr selecs tlous at the land-offico of either the Govern- ernment or the rallroad, purchase teams, crect Bumimer cottoges, and - within two weeks from the timo um{ lett thix city many of them will be breaking the sod for corn and other spring crops, 11 that Is hardship, it in ot leust sG01 OV And, frow recent travels in Dickluson, Davls, Riley, Ells, Eisworth, Rusacll, and Faline Countlcs, and even wa for east us Pottawatomle, the county made famous by John Bruwn (n tha flesh, aud “whero hs soul goes marching on, [ know thereare still hun- dreds of thousauds of acres there of the piost beautiful and fertile prafrie lund the sun ever shone upon still fu its putive state,—~bottom- land aud dnely rolling uplaud, watered well by the rivers and numerous erecks, some thober slong streas, and limestoue vud coul n con- venlent quantltics. It certaluly s o ood coun. try for the city man of more pluck than canital in'cash to go to. AN OBSERVEH. —— GATHERED SWEETS. 1 bad s littlo brothes once— A bright-eyed, Joyous child} But scarco hitd vauisnod o'er his head Three aunny vummers mild, as dead, [n eorrow | it just alr aa aught of Barth, 80 voon should turn to dost. 1once bahald s beauteous flower, . A bright und fair oy day; A pudy gust lore it from ita’stem— t withered suou awsy, 1deemed it wrony, for oll around Urew they of Imunf bate, Who talated with thele rvdmll breath o baliny summer-s! ik e Aros Fuliee core and pato i To dwell «Jm Hiwsbove, L. A, Ossonxx. —eeet— A Bird Out of Ite Latitude, Boiton Journal, Durlng the great suuw-storm of January an adult fewale Loulstana taucger was suen to ap- vroach & Louso in Lycu. iy which there wese v canaries hanging ncar the window. An open eage, with food, was placed Just out of the door, into which the bird at once entered and allowed Itsclf to bo captured, It was, to all appenr- ances, a wild bird, and though very lmmiry waa not in a wasted condition. This bird has its home during the summer months in the reglon between the great plains and the Paclfie. In the winter it visita Mexicoand Central Amerlea. The ereat show-storm of January, as {s known, beran on the Paciflc coast of Mexleo, passing north and east, with violent winda, progressing about a thousand miles every twenty-four houra, It scems more than probable that this bird was caught {n ita vortex, prevented by the stormy currents of alr from returning, and driven on- ward some four or five thousand miles to our inhoepltable coast. ARMY NEWS. HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY, WasmsatoN, D, C.—Special Orders No, S1— By direction of the Secretary of War, the following- named Assistant-Burgeons will report in peraon to the President of tho Modical Examining Board, In sceslon In New York Clty, for examination for pro- motion, and spon completion of the examination will retarn Lo their proper stations: Famuel 8. Jessup, Peter Moffatt, Charles Styer, Joscph K. Corson, William R. 8teinmetx. Speclal Orders No, 52Dy direction of the See- retary of War, Tlospital-Steward D, 11, Randalph wlli proceed to San Anlonio, Tex., and report in penen to the Commanding General for sssignment 0 duty. i fy Jlm.'flnn of the Prealdent, and in accordance with See. 1,2 RevieedaStatutes, First-Licut. Ylenty Romeyn. Fifth Infantey, {9 dotalled as Pro. fessor of Military Science and Tactics at the Uampton Normal and Agricultaral Institute, Hampton, Va., snd will report for duty accord- ingly. g‘lxu following-named men have been ardared to be discharged the servico: Privates Nicholns Moser, Battery C, Becond Artlllerys John McGrath, Ord. nance Detachment: Wiillam Blake, L'umgnny E. Tenth Infantry; Willlam Kelly, Company F, Sixth Infa 3 Poter Morrls, Company II, Tenth Cave and W, A, Diven, Compaoy L, Third Cav- MILITARY DIVISION OF MISSOURT. HEanquAntERs, Cittcaao, Ill.—8pecial Orders No. 23~First-Lient, Willlam B, Welr, Ordnance Department, having teported to the Llentenant. Qeneral, witl procead to Omaha, Neh, , and report to theCommanding Gcneral Dopattment of the Platte, for assignment to duty as ordnance ofticer st Fort D, A, Russcll, W, T, Ma). Michac] P, Small, Commlxsary of Subalst. ence, will furnieh commutation of ratiuns for threa days at the usual rates (75 centa per diem) to Thomas ), Godman, late Sergeant Cmu{mny A Sevonth Cavaley, en roifte to the Boldicrs' Home at Washlngton, he being without mcuns of subslat- ence to contlnac hils Jonrney to that city, DEPARTMENT OF DAKOTA. TIzADQuAnTERS, BT, PAUL, Minn, —General Or- ders No, O—~Licat.-Col. A, D, Nolson, Twelfth Infantry, baving been detalled by tho Sccrotary of War for servico in connection with tho Paris Uni- versal Exposition of 1878, Is horeby rolieved from duty aa Iuspector-Genoral of this Department, In moking this announcement. the Depariment Commander desires to give public expression of his regret that annother assignment calls Col, Nel- son from this Department, andto convoy to him hls hearty thanka for tha very able and cficlent manner fo which he hns porformed the dutics of Inspector-General of this Command, Special Orders No, 20—A general court-martinl is herehfinmmlnud 10 meet at$potted Tail Agency, D, T., March 15, for the trial of such persuns ns mny be Lrought beforo it, Detall for the Court: Capt. W, 11, Wesscls, Jdr., Third Cavalry; First Licuta, Daniel ¥, Calinan, First Infantry; 1L E. Whitman, Third Cavalryt . D, M, Scott, Firat Infantry, V. II, Hurdle, G. W, Bax. ter, Il. G. Bquires,” Third Cavairy: Flret-Liout. Allor‘l Smith, Adjutant Firat Infantry, Judve-Ad- vacate, DEPARTMENT OF THE PLATTE, lzanquantens, Ouaua, Neb.—8pecial Orders No. 24—The telographic instructions of the hth Inat,, requiring Maj. Montgomery Bryant, with the threa companies Fourteenth Infantry under his command, to return to Fort Hall Agency, and there take port until further orders, are confirmed. (eneral Oriders No, ¢=The altention wf all oficera concerned 18 called to the provislons of General Orders No, 20, leaaquarters of tho Ariny, scrica of 1870, relative to estimates for clotlilng, camp nnd garrisonequipsge, Command- Ing oflicers of pots and tations will cause to be prepared and forwarded to tho Chlef Quarter- maater of tho Tepartment, #o an to reach hils oMca not Inter than April 10 of each year, tha prescribed coneolldated cetimaten (on Form 48, Quurtor- maater’s Departmout) for the facal yeur commence IngJuly 1 followlug, The catimates will be pro- pared with cal hould be made for the su- thorized allowances as prescribod in tho latest General Ordora, issned from Headquarters of tha Army, on the subject, 1n the preparation of cati- malen for the fiacal year beginning duly 1, 1878, seo General Orders No. 100, leaaquarters of the Army, dated Nov, 21, 1677, Second-Lieuf - & DEPARTMENT OF TEXAS. lizanquantens, Baxn Axroxio, Txx.—Special Ordera No. 40—A Bonrd of Burvey, to conslat of ¥lrst Lieut. 1, Q. Brown, Twelith Infantry, Aldu-de-Comp, and First Lleut, A, M, Itapball, Eloventh Infantry, will assomble, from time to time, at tho Bau Antonlo dopot of the Quarter- master's Departiment, (o tnapect all forage, long or short, which uiay bo prescated for recelpt undor contract with tho Dopot Quartormaater, 'I'ho telogeaphic authority, of this date, granted the commanding_officer ~ Ringzold Barracks, to inspoct four cavalry Loraes pertaining to Company 11, Eluhth Cavalry, reported as unserviceable, and for which Cant, 1L J. Farnsworth, ‘julh Caval- £y, {8 exponsibic, are horehy condrme Capl, N. T, Norvell, Tenth Cavalry, a Bpeclol Inapeetor, and will inspeet fifLes ing 10 tho Quarteraster's Departmont, un, or ch Capt, N. B, Countable, Assistaut Quur- master, U o Port Quartermastor Fort Concho, Texas, {4 responsthle, with & view 1o their dispo- sitlon for tha best Intereat uf tha sorvice, Cant. T, €, Levo, Teuth Cavalry, s hereby ap- polnted a Speclal Inapector, and will Inspect twen- ty cavalry horaes, roporicd as unsurviceable, per- taining 1o Comvany I, Tenth Cavalry, and for which Capt, L. JI, Carponter, ‘Tenth Cavalry, Iv responsible, with a view to thelr diaposition for the best interest of tho service, Speclal Orders No. Bl—Flest-Liout. W, i, Low, Jr., Twenticth Infantry, now at_Vore Clark, wiil return to his proper station via San Antonlo, Tex. MISCELLANEOUS, Leaves of absunce havo beon granted to Col, J. C. Davis, Twenty-third Infantry; Capt. A, H, Rollins, Ordnance Departinent; First-Lieuts, C, 1. Warrens, Fourtoenth Infantry; George A, Drew, Third Cavalry; ¥. L. Dodge, Twenty-third Infantry: D, Il Kelton, Tenth Infantey; 8. i, Colladay, Tenth Cavalry; G. A. Goodalo, Twenty- third Infantry; Becond-Licuts, W. ¥, Norrls, Ninth Infantry: E. I Androws, Fifth Cavalry (extended) ;s J. 1. Plorco, Twenty-fourth Infantry’ and Assiatant-Surgeon Carlos Curvallo, U, 8, A, {(extended), NLLS DEVORE CONGRESS, H. 881, To suthorize the restorution of B, P, ‘Winckebach to tho rank of Cuntain, 8. 8. 'To authorizo the Secrutaryof the Treas- ury to examine thb evidence of payments made by the State of Missanri since Apell 17, 1800, to oflls cers awl privates of the uilitls forcen of aard Stuto for military survico sctuslly perfociied fu the sup- pression of tho Hebollian in full concert and co-op. eration with the nuthoritics of tho Unlted States, and subject to tholr ordors, aud to wmuke roport therent 1o Longress. il I8, 130, Anthorlzing tho Socrotary of War to deliver to the Town of Avon, Stateof New York, four cannon for tue soldiurs' wonument in sald w town, 1.1.3,740. For tho relief of Wilkiam H, Valnoy, Al nt Al Coitstructor Unlica Btates Nuvy. ) port 1L, 1t 3,774, To Ax the runk und pay of ‘rotired medics! p unnnm Uulted Stated Ariny, 11, i, 11, Dlrecting a survey and estimate bo made under the direction of the Scerelary of War of the Winols Iiver and lilinois & Stichigan Cunal, in the Stato of linols, with & vlew todeegen 10 a0 43 10 be navigable for stoawers draw. even feet of water fruu Chicago to the Mis- bpl. Lo, ."4,777 and 4,774, To provide for (he pay- ment of the indemoity clalm for swamp and over. slowed lanas in the Countles of White, Ricnland. Saling, Jutlerson, llawiltos, Wayne, Gollatin,aud Hardin, 1ing 1L R, 3,733, Making an I'?\Iopruuun for the prafeciion and fmprovement of ths Yellowstony Natlonal Purk, Wyoming Tersitory, 1, R. 3,708, ‘Torclmburse tho Siates of Kensas braska for expensed lucurred by sald States United Siatos for repelling suvasivn snd oatilities, 1. 1. & 788, 'Po provide for the erection of & bulidiug st Grownwville, Tex., for the Umted Btatcs Courts, lust-Oflice, Custom-llouse, and athur Government utlices, 1L It 13,504, Authorizing the Secrelary of War il th mits of (he Camp Lowell secvatlon lu tho ‘Ferritory of Arizona. . i, 3,700, ‘Ta reduce $ho present Ligh taxes on distilled splrite and jobacco, snd to sccurs 1o manufacturers uf enall weans tho samo rights as are cujoyed under the esbsting loterual Kovenue luws only by large capitaliste, g Fig A Freuch It 1sin Parls of all Rowunos, laces [0 the world that truth Iy stranger thau etion—even 3, Alphonsy Llaudet’s etlon, Years ago a young jeweler of Durascilles uvawed M. Maunier murgled the daughiter of .un Jtallan deutist, whom he ufter- ward dessrteds Mg, Maunicr opened 8 dress- maker's shop, and supvorted hurself and four children, Maunfcr subsequently became a lea Ing man st Alexandria, where “the sou of Me- hewet Al wumired bis talvuts, and gave bim a vogition {n which he succeeded in amusaing a farge furtune, e roturucd to Parls, accompa- nivd by a taistress, and, it was suppuised, a large fortuue, - Muwme, Muunier obtalucd & separasion, sud wnallowsnco of 38,000 8 yvar, which, bow- ever, was not pald, the busband putting fn s plea'of poverty, He afteswara died, snd so er's aring, ¢d fu evidence thereot bl four chlldren, upon that nobls womup, remarking that she, tou, iad not been ddle, brought in scven chit dren from the next roon and told them to kiss their futher, l.rom{m Lo a gracetul end by singing of * Home, Bweu! Crusoe family, clear that the any previous Amerie be sure Miss Carrto Bartholomew will In future look bd.v:k upon it with at Jcast s much wonder as pride, curities 1o the value of $120,000 were found in hia box, which the mistress disided with the widow. But sfnce then Mme. Maunjer has learned that the fortuns Jeft by her husband amounted not ta $120,000, but 1o over $400,000, the ‘miatress having succeeded at the time in hilling the difference. Bo the widow is now suing the mistress again; she demands the an- nulment of the agrecment and the reatitution :‘tl 'fl“ remainder of the fortune to hersclf and amily. CURREN'T GOSSIP. MY DEAD CANARY, As of old, lte cage is hung. *Neath the porch, the vincs among} Paut within no bird now sings, Dathes, or eats, or idly swings; Death broke through fta wire-bound world, And my binlie’s wings he furled, Sewing ‘neath the fragrant vine, Oft L eit, and oft repine That the sinner has been given Access to a happy Heaven, ‘While no groves of Paradise ‘Wait the songater when he dies, Dot7i% DAsnzn, CATRIRIE’S COMEDY, New York Times, Dr. Rartholomew, of Towands Falls, Pa., Is the proud posscssor ol an extremely precocious child, Miss Car1lo Bartholomew Ia anly 10 years old, but nevertheless she is a young person of oxtraordinary acquircments and consplcuous culture, great ease,and before reaching her 8th birthe day shie had devoloped & marked tasta for novel- reading. first attempt nt authorship, and soon recelvedan enviable reputation in some local nurecries,whero her fafry tales were recited with immense ap- plausc. In her Oth year sho wrote a novel, of At the age of 0 sho could read with About the same pertod she made her which, unfortunately, no coples are now in exist- ence, and began an epie In aix books upon **8t. Bartholomow’s Day," whichsanguinary cventaho cast among the aucestors of her familg. Tho eplc was discontinued after the completion of bouk the second, owing to the premature ex- termination of the Huguenots, bat the young author loshed tho Cathollc party with great vlgor, and denounced Charles IX, as the scarlet gum:n of the Apocalypse, The Jatest effort of 1iss Burtholomew ‘was, in all respects, her crowning work., 1t wasa drama in biank verso and fiye acts, entitled ¢ Robinson Crusoc; or, The Exilo of Twenty Years,” and it was pu'b]lc- 1y performed in tho Baptist lecturc-rooin by n comnitteo of children drilled by the author. ‘The prucceds of tho entertainment wers de- signed for the conversion of the beathen, and it was atlended by a large and hilarlous audienve, The whole work ot mountine the drama fell upon the shoulders of the author, The stage wos beautifully ornamented with borrowed shawls, and threo firc-screens covered with wall- paper and with treo and flower patterns, did duty as scenory. The costumes were unique and beautiful, ‘and_a plano, ably played by a grown-up young ladg, supnfied the place of an orcheatra, Tho curtaln rosg at the appolnted time, displaving Crusoe in his English homa in tho act of taking toa with his wife. A cradle in the corner held n_voung Criusoe,~played with much dignity by Miss Bartholomew's best doll, —and & wooden dog reposed on the hearth- mg. Crusoe, after finding fault with the amount of sugar In lifs tea,—n touch that wos recognized as wonuermllf' truo to ilfe,—an- nounced that he was to sall tho next morning on a yoyage to Bouth Amerlca, Ifrs, Crusoe {n- stantly burst Into tears and remarked: Onr wedded life has scarce begun! But throo months #inco you lod mo to the allar, And now yau loavo me, friendless and forlorn Crusoe, howover, soon comforted his wife, and, biiding her teach her surprisingly precipl- tate fnfaut to revero bis absent father, put on his ulster, and, af.cr o last passlonate embrace, departed for Bouth America, The sccond act presented Crusoa {n his_(sland home, clad clifelly in senlskla jackets, and inuch iven to pacing the ground and sollloquizing, ceording to this account he had now been on the {sland thres years, and was beglening to fect rather loncsome, Heo referred in the most affectionate terms to the sol partuerof his oy aud soreowa, his gentlo goat, which animal, hired for tho occaslon (rom a Towanda Falls Irishinan, was couspicuously tethered fn the - backgroun and would olvious- Iy have butted Crusoe into remote futurity it he coutat have broken loose. Prosently Crisoe heard a falnt yell in the dlstance, and decided that it was made by & caunibal plenle party, whereupon he aunounced that he would go for his gun nod sweop tho wicked eannibals Into tho gulf. Act threo was brought to an unexpected but effoctive climax. It opened with the entrance of o dozen nssorted cannibals drogging two hielpless prisoncrs, who were securcly bound. After an cftectlvo war-dance, ong prisoncr was killed with a club and wus nlncm ou a palnted firo. A the clilef cannibal had aunounced that tho dinuer was nearly cooked, Cruse's goat, which had managed to escape froin the green- roont, burst upon the cannibals. Twoof them were knocked over fnto the awdlence, whera they wept bitterly, others wero strewn over the stage, while o remnant escaped be- hind the scenes. ‘The prisoner, lu spito of the fact that ho was dead and roosted, fled ot the first onsct of the gout, and the curtaln wus dropped amid wild applause. After the goat hud been eaptured by somo naly membors of the sudionce, and Crusoe himself had explained that his intended massacro of tho cannibals had been unfutentionally antietpated, tha stage was sct for the fourth nct, and the play went ou, ‘This particular act was mn;fiu(flccnz proof of the author’s originality. ‘Thoe rising of the cur- tain displayed Crusve siitingon a grassy bank, surrounded by four ehlldren, whom le calml; allegod to bo his own, Heyond vaguoly allud- Inw to them as the gt of fleaven sent to chcer his lonely hours, that astonishing father did not offer to account for their origin, Tho author’s ¢hiet objeet tn introducing them was, iowever, soon disclosed, #riday, who proscutly ap- Bcured. ond whose lack of any ostensi- le orlgln was doubtless due to the rocent fnter- ference of the f:nnl, ‘was requested to sit down und undergo dnstruction {n the \Westminstor Cateenism, Tho aceno that tollowed was closely modeled after the excrelses of an ordinary Sun- day-schiool; and Crusve’s four {nexplicable chil- «dren sunie sonws to an extent that clearly proved that singing was the objoct of thelr remarkable creation. Leat this scenc should appear some- what too solomu, the author judiciously light- ened {t by tho hupoy expedicnt of making Friday, & negro, who coustantly sald ¢ Yes! Massa,” amd * {rnh, yahl" and” who always spoke of himself us “ilis chlid,” Altogether, tho aet was a delightful one, and whenever Crusoe alluded to bia **dear children,” and ro- gretted that they bad nover secn their mamma, the audience howled with raptitro, How Crusve aud his futeresting family cscaped frow th isluud tho wuthor omitted to mentton, 'l‘h; .Imh and last act depleted his arrival howe an final rounion with the bride ot his cholce, ‘rusue way sittInge at her original tea-table, preelsely us ahe waa in the hablt of doing twenty years earller, when there was a kuock at tho daur, and chilldrou, and Friday, carrsing o Crusos entered, followod by his four large carpate bag aud a bundic of shawl u;unu{ oX- clalming 4 ¥I'is lio," and ¥ e, the lon, scparated hushund sud wifo rush into each oth- 2 After the tirst gi 8 Were uver, Crusoe remarked in the most elegaut blank-verso that, though hie had browght neither gold nor geiwg, he hud nevertheless returned rlch, ‘n.l-:um- After which the drama was Hume,'" by tho entire strength of tho Fur orluinality and rare dramatic genius, it is ay hus never been equaled by drumatist; and wo may PLYMOUTH ROCK, Eif Perking In New York Sun. Prywoutu Nock, Mass, ¥eb, 27.—1 havo speat tho doy In company with Mr. Avery, of the Od Colony Memorlal, fu exewiving tbe langd, rock, and water marks of Plymouth Colony. “ How large s tho Towu of Plymeuthi” I asked Mr, Avery, o8 wo stood In the old Furl- tau graveyard vverlooking the town, sod luoked over chiwmneys aud church-aplrea iuto a great foamlng, lashing sca, ; “It's mot & town, slrs it's a city, with 5,000 people, all lighted with gas,” sald tho editor, poluting to a bz gas tank, situated under the hill where Biles Staudish used to couceal the graves of the doud Pugrims from the tyesof the hostile Iudiaus. ‘[0 learu that tho descondants of Miles Stand. 13l sud Priscills are Uglited with gas somowhat nstoulabed we, but not cucugh 1o preveul the coptiuuation of my rescarches. ‘Tue beautiful Town of Flymouth Is bullp around Plymouth Rock. The vock ftscll is a gravite boulder welghlog seversl tons. It was onco partly fu the water, but uow 148 fow fect lnluuvg. Frow tho rock, straight up a stecd bil), is the Brst street ever labl out tu Awerica. ‘Wwas up tuls street that the Bilgrime used to file, with &elr guus on thelr shoulders, to worskip 1 thelr rude cumrch on the butl, mounted with four brass cannon on the roof to scare off the Indians, Yes, I was looking at the very rock on which little Mary Chilton, the youngest of the Pll- grims, jumped on the morning of tho 3lat ot December, 1620, Then fotlowed Miles Btandish and fiftcen men, * every man with his muaket, and sword, anil coraclet.” Near tha rock {a the fame fresh-water brook whero the Pilgrim nar- Tator says, '' We sat usdowne ayd drunke our rst New England water with as much delight as ever wo drunke drink In all our lives.” Over Plymouth Rock they have bulit o Greek pagoda of solid granite. This littlo templa or magoda Jooka itke the temploof Vesta in Rome, On the pagnda there is no fnseription, They trust to the memory of the people not to forget the birthplace of Christian lrcegom. few years ago a large granite alab was blasted from the original rock and placed In front of Meinorlal Hall, whora It now rests sur- rounded by on Iron fence, on which are cast in iron Ictters tho names of the Pllgrims who camo aver in the Mayflower. The fishermen about Cape Cod all agree with tho historlan that the Plizrims were driven Into Plymouth by a_hcavy December storm, Tha coast fs still dangerous, for within the last month a boat loaded with thirteen peoplo was wrecked on the reef and all wero drowned, 1in- deed, it {8 a very common thine, after a storm, to find tho dead bodies of wrecked fishermen on the haro rocks, which run out for seyeral {nllcl. forming & breakwater in front of the own. ‘The country around Plymouth (s desolate in- deed, 1do not wonder that many of tho Pll- grims starved to death. In fact, If the 5,000 residents of Plymouth coutd not depend on Boaton for food. oven now they would starve to death In a few months. Nothing secins to grow on the aoil except sand-hill pino and white birch, On the hill above the town fa the old Pilgrim nr-vc{lrfl. full of quaint old gravestones dating ack £0 1630, Herc [ saw the graves of Under- standing Porter and Conslder Perkins, Hero were Faith Atwater and lope Gardiner, and Abrahams, Isaacs, and Jacobs enough to start anew Jerusalem, m’l‘he tombstone of old Gov. Bradford roads us: Wi Brapronn, a zealous Paritan and sincero Christian, Gavernor of Plymonth Colony from Apell, 1621, to 1057, the year hio died, aged 09, except llvo"yun which be deciined. RIVALRY IN ART. Et Maso (M) Journal, It the religlous press gets ahead of tho Et Paso Journaty wa give it a fale warning tbat it must got up on its spine. Wo have stood the **8lecplng Cherubs,” by the Christian Union } we hava gazed on the picturn of tho wall-cyed virtue with which Brother Talmage ropes in subserioers from the rural districts unmoved; but when the Christian at Work scnds us a plet- ure of two sore-cyed dogs watching three meri- no lambs, and wants us to pay $30 for it, then, indeed, the free spirit of an American citizon is roused. We want it distinctly understood that wu are in tho chromo busincss oursclves. Ieres after overy subscribor of the El Paso Journal will recelve n beautiful chromo, entitled ** Mra, Bovoks Washing the Children.” [t 1s one of thoso beautiful home pictures that at once ap- veal to. tho fondest and holiest allcctions of the heart, Every man who aces it will at onco “would he wers a boy agaim," when beln, washed and. gc'.\luluonr n his eyes was one of the regulur Sunday atliictions next to his catu- chism. In the foregruund Is Mrs. Snooks. Ba- fore her s a tub, and one ol the orphans s struggliog in the water. ‘Tho artist bas eelzed upon the moment when the infant bas just opetied its mouth for o prolonged sulo, bt 18 dexterousty checked by his_motner's swabbing his vulee with n sponge. The manner in which a stroam of soapy water s represented as run- ning {nto the urchin’s right eyo is vory flnclj done, In the other oye Is thrown all the added cmotlon of pout.up gricl aud ‘*sorrow that knows notongue.’” We dofy any man to sco this pleture without being sticred in his inmost deptha, Mrs, 8nooks’ fuce Is a study. 1t Is such an expression of motherly love, housuwifely zeal, and beautiful dovotlon to duty, that it can bo likened to nothing except that scen upon tho foce of our mothers on wash-days and at house-cleaning timea. Threa of the children have atready been washed. Thelr rosy coun- tenances, bright with oxuberant health, have Leen further blghtened by the art of tho llmnur. who has deplcted them suffering with colus as one result of thelr baths, At the same time, thele complexlon tors an agroeablo contrast to the throo behind the tub who have not yet bathed. 'This Is fincly dons, znd cost a world of labor. ‘The whola forws an_agreeablo contrast to the naked cherubs sent out by tho relizious press. It ls a domestic scene, full of holy iov, and tranqullized by a sweot and dream-like eace. lu order to convey the ldes that even n 80 perfuct 8 Lomo o4 this sorrow must enter, the artist has aepleted-one of tho children suf- feriug with the ineasles. Tho @ay in which the mecasles-blotches aro struggling with the dirt on his nose, haviog captured the last-named oriran, Is ono of the sweetest things in the chrono Huo that has over been presented, Wa are pro- parcd to furnish thesa chromos to evory sub- seriber of the El Paso Journa!. We append a few cortiticates from promincat individuals: Truo to Wfe. Tho very atmosphore smolls of sonp, —tienry Ward Beecher, 1 sssure yoil, on my honor, that tho chromo is so nntural that one of iy cuwldren actually caught the meavlea from looking at 1t —Uen Hutler. Reminds mo of the time when they ascd to wash ll;.le. now mauy, many years sgo.—Susan . An- 01y, Sond me 15,000 dozen of yone chromos, * Wash- ron.* Wo wunt to offer them as ‘Ariatian ot Work, omostic misery in the highest degreo, No woman ought to bo allowed to have seven chii- dren.— Vietorta WoodAull. Wa trust these testimonlals are suflicient, We could appeud 1wany thousands, but wo forbear, Now let the honeat massca show thelr apprecia- tion of art by coming up and taking the Journal QuiPrs. A sick baker is weak-kucad man, Joff Davis denles that crinol'no story agaln, 1t was furbclow his diguity.— Buaton L’ost, Wil the Director of the Mints bo pleased to Linderman a few of thoso new dollars i~ J¥or ceater L'ress. A youngstor in & runaway carrlage was asked if ho was afratd, 1o sald, **No! but I'm afrald 1 sball be,” ‘Tho * Father of his Country " hasn't a mon- ument g8 yet; but thero Is a burglar-alann connucted with his tomb. A leading o the Cleveland Leader reads: “Poc’s Fea BUL" Wo aru so sorry! Why doesn't Mr. Poo braco upl—Duffalo Ezpres, A London puper says Stanley is tho son of a Wolsh wouian, and that his name Is John o- kx,ml. A Roland for su all: over.~Dunbury oo ‘Turkish alde-de-camp "comes n great haste to the Sultan—*Bire, the cnemy has just stopped bis advance,” © At last, and wheref!? “1n your Majesty's antechamber,"—Parls Charisari. ** It you want to keop your boy at home, make 1t pleasanter for him than the' strect” Cer- taluly, Chalk a nopacotchin the hall, put & hogshead of molasscs on tap in the kifction, Liave o dogtight In theback-yurd, mako a * bully slide " on the collar door, have a hand-organ and wmonkey {u the reception-room, and a Uer- man band on the atairs, Hire s ** tioovus M to Lo chaffod, Lot tho boy chalk callers’ backs on the Ist of April, throw his buso-ball through the windows, rig the bells, and run away snd Wplug " the couk with fisti-halls Bunday morn- fnga; but even then you will have to engago a clreus or * great norul show ' 1o drlvo through the premiees two or threo times fn the scason to “muke 1t pleasanter than the atrest.”—Lgs- ton Coman 3 Lulleting —— A DRUNKEN SENATOR, Waskinglon Correspondince Jufalo Commercial, ‘While the Benate were sittlog all uight over tbe admission of Kollogg and Butler, the same Eepators who disgraced themse on the night of the SBilver bll voto were In sneven worso conditlon, it possible, When the fHnal voto was taken, onc of them, su old and ex- trewely digoificd Senator, whose fidslity Lo the resolutions of 03 was never questioned, and whose Deocracy was inborn, was obliged to uotily the Scuate that bis collcaguo was palred, and ho did so twlce, When bls colleaguc's uame was called ho arose with difijcutty, aod the followlng dlalozue occtrred : 'Ibs Bengtor—* Mizser Pres'dent,? £ Fhe Vice-President—*The Sovator from——t 1 am-requestered-ter 'uounce (bir) that my colleague ”fi o —— Ix fulml wiz e gen'lemsn from Malue, Mizzer Hawlln, 1l my colicague \‘Iuc) were prezzent ‘e would vots ‘noy’ an’ Mizzer Bialos would vote *no.’ » 7 Crics of “Nu» WNow uYepn u ey “You're wruuli 3"+ Blalna would voto sye,” at which the disticguished Benator becauio con- fused, aud regurded tho Scoaturs around him with vrofuund cuntempt, aud rowsrkeds S Eb! win' yer own bizsucas.” But by commenced ?wn: * Mizzer Presidow’ I wus 'bout tor remark ;:’FC,“‘ :‘T&DIFEI-’MS}' -:‘.‘:in: nolle:gn:. i preseant, ries o o! no t G T rom all over the Dem. ** I waz about to say that my colle: 3 vote * N fiine wond n' the gen'l oL gen'leman from Maine woulq [Crics of "You're wrong again!” to the distingulshed 8cnator reip‘n“nded: Bk f "Nounce it yonraell, then," After the rolf-call was completed, and othey Bcnatora wera announcing pairs, the Pparticu. Iarly dintinguished Senstor got ‘up agatn anj went through a slmilar ycrrurmunce rothee wora incobiorontly than belore, and thor iy, tingufshed Senators stood around and roared with laughter at tho disaraceful scene, MEN AND APES, A Munich Professor on the Present Biatg of Evidence as to the Relatlonship, Prof. Virchow, of Munich, some time sinca dellvered a discourse before tho Conference of German Naturalists, which has provoked agood deal of comment. The address concludes by the following very Interesting obscrvations o tha present state of the evidenco respecting the connection alleged by Mr. Darwin hetweon meg and apes: ““Iwill citoone morcexamplo by way of illustration. Thero arc atthls tima fow sy, dents of naturo who aro notof opinion that man stands in some connectlon with the rest of thennimal kingdom, and thatsuch a con. nection may possibly be diacovered, if not with tho npes, yet, porhaps, as Horr Vozt now sup. poscs, at somo other polnt. I freely acknow]. ledgo that thisjs s desidoratum i scieace, [ am quite prepared for such & result, and( should netther bo surprised nor astonished it the proot wero produced that man had ancestors among other vertcbrate animals, You are aware that [am now speclally engaged in the atudy of anthropology, but I am bound to do. clare that every postive advance which we hava mado In the province of prehistoric anthro. pology has actualty removed us further from the proof of such a connection. Anthropology is at wgesent occupled with the question of fossit man. Wao have gone back from the man of the present *perlon of creation’ {uto the quarternary age, tho time rospecting which Culvier stiif maintained most distinctly thaf -{Mklnu gen- crally, man did not vet exist. But in our day the quaternary manis no longer a problem, butareal doctrine. ‘The tertfary man, on the contrary, is a problem the materlal ovidence of which ia now under discussion. There already exlst objects with regard to which it s disputed whether thoy are to baaccepted as proofs of the existence of man in the tertlary period. Wa are no longer making mors speculations on the polnt, but we nrc debating about distinct snecl- mens, whother they can be acknowledged as ovidenceof the activity of man in the tertlary period. The quostfon proposcd receives diffcrent answers, according as thess material objocts arc deemed sufliclcut evidonee or not, Eminent Churchmon oven, such as ths Abba Bourgeols, are convinced that man lived in the tertiary period. For them the tertiary man is now an actual doctrine; forus, who'arcof a somewhat moro critical disposition, the tertiary man {s still only n problem, but, wo must ac- knowledga, o problem fit for discussion. Let us thow, In what we have now to say, keep pro- vislonally to_the quaternary man, whom we really (lnd. Whon wo study this fossil man of the quaternary poriod, who must, of cours havo stood comparatively near our primitive an. cestors In tho scries of descent, or rather of navent, wo always fiod a man just such as men arcnow. As recently as ten years ago, when. cver a skull was found in a poat bog, or in plle- dwellings, or inancient caves, peoplo fancled that thoy saw fnit awonderful tokonof savago stato stlll quite undoveloped, They smolt out tno very scont of the ape—only the trail has gradually been lost more and ioro} The old tmzlnd{ces, Fllu-vlllnwuru and bog- people prove to be quite nmqpecnhs soclety, They Dave heads so larze that many a living person would be only too happy to possess such, Our French nelghbors, indeed, have warned us agalust mrmxnf‘ too much from thess big Leads, It may have been that tholr contents wero not mercly nervo-substance, but that the anclent bralns may have had more connective tissues than {s pow usual, andtbat, in spite of the alze of the brain, thelr nerve substance may bave reminded at a lowor stagoe of development, This, however, {8 buta sortof familiar tal which is employed {nsome measuro as a supe port of weak minds, .On the whole, wo musi really acknowledgo that there is a complets nbsenco of any fossil typs of alowor stage ia . tbe development of man. Nay, It we gather tos Eelhur the whole sum of the fossil men hitherto uown and put thom parallel with tnoss of the rruonl. time, we can deeidedly pronounce that hero are among living men “a much greater number of {ndividuals who show a relatively in. ferior type than thers urc among tho fossils known up to this ttme. Whether it fe just the highest gouluses of the quatcroary period that have had the good luck to be preserved to us, 1 will notventure to surinise. Ourusual cuurse 18 to argue from tho character of a single fossil objuct to tho generality of those not yet found ‘Thts, however, I will not do. I will not afllrm that the wholo race wasas good es tho few skulls that havo survived. But one thing[ muat say—that not o single fossll skull of a1 lfi: or uf nu anthropld ape has yet bedn found that coulu have really belonged to a human being. Everyaddition to the amount of abjects which we have vbtalned as materials to discuss has removed us further from the hypatnesis propounded. Besldes, we caunot entirely set aside the conalderation thatit may perhaps have been only in a particular position on the varth that the'merf of the tortlary perfod tived. This might be just as posslble in tia caso of the remarkabla dlscovery tade of Jate years fa North Amerlea, that the fossil ancestora of our horaes are found in recions whero the horse i self has long sluce entlrely dlsappearcd. When Atucrica was dlscovered it was generally horse- lcss. In the reglon whera the anceators of vur horses lived, there was not a horse to be found Justso It may be that the tertlury man ouct existed In Grecland or Lemuris, aud will atil be brought to light somewhero out of tog depths, Only, as amatterof fact, we musi positively recognize that as yet thers always xistas a sharp line of danareation between man amd the ape. We cannot teach, wo canuot pro- nounce it to be a conqueat of science, that man descends from tho ape or from any ather ani- mal, Wecan only Iindicate it as an hypothesls, howover probable it may secm, and howeret obvious a solution It may appear. From there peated experionca of the past wo ought to take a signal warniog lest wo should unnccessari) {inposs on ourselyes tho obligation, or suceuwl tothe temptation, to draw conclusionsat time when woare not Justided in so doing. Bolieve me, gontlemun, herein Jics the grest difliculty for every student of nature whoad dresscs ihe world Without. Whoover speaks vt writes for the public is bound, tn my vplnlon, tq examino with twofold cxactness how much ol that which be knows nud anysis objectively true. e is vound tu tako the greatest possible caro that all the merely inductive geucrallza tious which he makes, all his extended conclus slons according to the laws of analowy—howsyer obvious Loy WAy scen printed (n swalles type under tho text, and that In the text fisell he put nothing but what is really objective truth. Thus, gentlemen, we might surcly iope enlarzing eirelo of ndlierents, 10 eater number ol fellow-work: ers, to sco tho educated public take a further fnterest in sclonce, with those frultful results which have nlwm.\'y been wituessed {n_mauy of {ts domalua, Ur elee, gentlemen, | fear that wo shall over-estimate our power, With pere fect truth did Bacou say of ‘old, ‘Beleutis eat potentia.! But ho also defined that knowledge; and tho knowledgo he meant was nob specuias tivo knowledge, not the knowledgs of bypothe cses, but {t was objective andactual Knowl edge. Uentlemen, LUthink wo sbould bo abus- ing our power, wo should be lwmpertling onr puwer, unless in our teaching we restrict our- sclves to this porfuctly legitimate, this perfectly safs aud ussssallablo dumaln. Yrom this fort ress wo may mako incursions dnto tho teld of problems, and I am sure that every venture of that kind will thea Hod alt necaful sccurity and support. 3 OUR TYRANT, A tyrant strides thronghout oar lan nvllm Euipon ta :n% broad dx:-dng‘- uli #ca snd strang Fettering hia vieves with chalas territc. His volarists crowd in gllded domes, Or gruop ln grimy basemonts lowly, Hold carolval In quiet homes, ake spots accurved of places boly. He sears the consalence, chills the boss Ta every bigh and poble feeling; Then reuds the tnask ho woaie apart, All his bideousness reveali And mashood. for God's uscs given, O'erflows with every foul secrotion; While sad bearts acie, snd squls are riven, And Jalla are crowded 1o replction. O what avails our 1ag band Of suffering women, ‘Who sachew blm, When sll the rulocs of teo lsnd Bow dowp aad pay their homage to bim! ‘Then let us tally, great and sma)) l’ntll muuhl-gnm is n:m g "S54 b from gur Flr Iaad oé drtven. ud be from our fal WiLXIXGTUN, . Haixy M. Wynuss