Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, April 18, 1874, Page 6

" tivo, and 850 per barrol higher, closing at 810.40 TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. nul,'lfl‘.\il D:llvllflfllllr'flm' (PAYANLE IN ADVANOE). by mail,. of Bu TieWeckiyinr S 1808 | Woakty Tatta ot & yonrat tho samo tato. "To prevent delay and mistakos, Lo suro and give Post Offico address fu full, including Stata and County. IRemnittances may bo mada oithor by dralt, oxpross, Post Ottico ordor, or in roglstorod lottors, at our risks TERMA TO CITY BUDACRINENS, Dally, dollvored, Bunday excoptoa, 2 cente por wack. Dudls, dolivesod, Bunday includod, 50 conts nor wook. Address TR TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corzor Madison and Dearborn- Chtoago, 1t (Sameemas——— TODAY'S AMUSEMENTS. ACADEMY OF MUSIO—Halatod atreot, botwaon Mad- : taf Joht SeCultongt, A Atenge, R Hiohard 11 5’8 THEATRE—Randolph stroet, ik Easa. - hgmgomort of Niiaa Rogors, ** Mimi." Afiernoun and ovening, botween athoring of, hotweon o Copimba, Tho Wifo's 4 'S THEATRE=Madison n‘u‘,‘.r‘ufé?n".fl‘m..m. Kngngoment uf M Aftornoans ** Romoo aud Juliat," Itven! Seoret. " 3 -HOUSE-Monroe_stroot, hotwoon DoAer s g s Arlingtony Gotton, aud’ Komblo's Minstroir, - Minstrolay and comioaiitios. Burlosqus of ““'The Burder Lily.” Aftornoon and ovoning, RS- Desplatnos atroot, botwoon Mad- S hton - EnGARGE Of tho Lish. Wabor Troups, Varioty porformance. Aftornoon and evening. TRE—Cornor of Wabnsh avonuo s DR ons alvouk: Iiadsoumont of Havasly's Miaseras, oon and eveniu, SOCIETY MEETINGS. 1. W. BIGRLOW LODGE, No. 435, A, T and A, M.— o fon wilt ho held 'this avoning at gg.:‘r',‘z'.,."xé':%‘::.':’%"mi’.’s.&-. Buliding, Work on tha I Domtos: 4 OLDRIDGE 0. COLLINS, Sec'y. OUNOLL, NO. 8, M.—A rog: Ay il oo . 8. B soste gt soror Wors alar g0 indoiph and [ialatod. s ovening for work, A g d Vishts cordially Invited, e e i, G . Ao L BaiD, "Récomdor. ——— BUSINESS NOTICES. L BUSINESS POSITION, ~THE UNION ST it Gomapany, o, o i o prospor~ gt lifa oompanics In tho conatry, with nssots ovor 81, b, 000, and_ wiiich fssiios ondowmont paliciea at 1a ratos, dlofiro to angaga & fow sbociul agonts from thahoia olfica s of Iilinols, Indians, a o, ha position will addross N. W, incinnnti, O. throughout tho Stal I'hose desirous of # HLARRIS, Soorotary, Clnt NSUMPTION, 0 of -tho |(|‘llllll(lln a1 I x:xlt‘x,yctn‘l”n oarly stages i tontly curad. e ;lfi:"éx‘t‘:\:guu W. Va., Oot. 2, 1672, D Yeor Thbtast yeas T hato bion ustng your Golden tho scour; be pronipt AR g ol R A A o 1 owo r, b Dl fox amres DI ot use 1t bat h shict timo bofora 1 was bonefitad: ot thattimo Iwas vory bad, notablate it up muoh, was_ suiloring groatly with my throat, was otting biiud, had a dry cough, and much pain in my unies. ol the Discove: nnd 1hiavo used twolve lw"lle:\'l‘l‘: ho \VA““?‘“L J. H. MESECK, of Chatham Four Crenors, . Y., hna boon curod of consumption Ia' Dr, Plorco's Golilon M\)dl(l;‘;ll})lwz';n;' = o says Mr, O, B, uld, hathaim Cousier, AT ruglaty of West Unlon, O., writes to atato that Dr. Plerce's Goldon Modical Discovery has offocted a wondorful cure of consumiption in his nelghbor. was quiot and irrogular st $1,60@1.08 for No. 2, and $1.40@1.42 for No, 3. Iogs wore active and firm at §5,.26@6.10 for common to choleo, Cattlo wore aotive and ensy, Blioop dull and wenk. A roso-colored statoment of the prospority of tho Paciflc Mall Btonmebip Compauy bLas boon givon to tho public by Vico-Prosident Hateh, o snys that the Company hins now 8,800 passengora and 500,000 worth of froight aflont, and spenls in o grandiloquent strain of **our thirty-threo stonmora,” The Company, it sooms, has 8510,~ 000 loaned on oall in London, Bluco thisis tho condition of affairs, tho officors of the Company will probably not object to ite subsidy of 600,- 000, which hing Inpsed by renson of failuro to meet the torms of tho grant, bomg covored into tho Tronsury of tho United States. Whethor objaction is made or not, Congress will undoubt- odly disposs ot the subsidy in-this manner ; tho Bonato Committoo yosterday reported in favor of doing s0. Tho truth s, that, influonced by o dosire to sustain tho oredit of tho Company, and to appenso the itching of their palms for public monoys, tho Paciflo Mail oflicera have been driven into a coureo of action which will socure neither of tho ends sought, e Tor the comfort of tho Milwaukes Sentinel we Tomark that wo consider Sonator Carponter a fit representative of the Ropublican party. That tho party is very much “torn up” on the sub- Ject of ro-olecting him, supposing it shall have tho power to clect anybody, is & mattor porfectly notorious, whother the Sentinel chooses toignore itornot. Mr. Carpontor is intollectually, per- hops, tho ablest represontativo Wisconsin has ovor hind in oithor branch of Congross, and, s we hiavo remarked, we consider him morally on n level with his party, a8 tho samo will aver- ago throughout the country. In roference to tho authdiohip of an articla published in our columns some time ainco, giving the dotalls of o Republican caucus in Milwaukeo, wherein AMr. Cnrpontor was somowhat freely criticised and loudly bomoaned, wo would romark that tho Sentinel s altogethor astray. Tho corroctness of the article, wo boliove, bas uot boon ques- tioned, — Trosidont Grant'a reply to tho Committeo of Now Yorl merchants that requested him to voto the Senato Currency bill is the longest and most sphinx-like utterance that ho over made, It rovenls nothing, and yot it raises the hopes of Uhe Chicagy Tiibune, Saturday Morning, April 18, 1874, The Baltimore & Ohio and Pennsylvanis Rail- road Companies have come to terms, and the ‘Tninous competition in which they Lave rocently beon engaged will immediatoly cease. An appiication was made ab. the lnst torm of ‘tho United States Distriet Court, at Springflold, for the appointment of & Recoiver for the Cairo & Vinconnes Railroad. The Court yesterdny granted the prayor of tho petitionors, and will namo tho Rocoiver to-day. Gen. A, E. Burnside is Prosidont of tho rond, The dead-lock in the Massnchusetts Logisla~ ture has beou brought to an end by the clection of Gov. Willisam B. Waghburn to the vacancy oroated by Mr. Sumner's death, all of Mr, Hoar's pupporters and a majority of Mr. Dawos’ cost- ing their votes for him. Senator Washburn's term of office will expire on the 4th of March next, and tho real contest for tho Senatorship will como off in the approaching clection for members of the Legislature. A well-authenticated rumor reaches us from ‘Washington, to the effept that tho inflationists in Congress are uging their influence to have the Presidont veto their own bill, on the ground that it is roally & measuro for contraction,—so little did thoy understand its offect when thoy voted forit. The same rumor indicates that tho Pres- ident is very likely to comply with their wishes. Why should he not? Tho inflationists being op- posed to it because it contracts the aggregato- ourrency, and tho anti-inflationists because it sote the precedent of issuing moro greenbacks without providing for therr- resumption, it wonld soom that nobody is in favor of it. If the Pres- 1dent vetaes it, therofore, he can veto it for two ronsons diamotrically in conflict with ench other. Itis rarely that such an opportunity is offered to tho disponeer of the veto powor. Bpeaker Blaine made & timely and neoded pro- testin the House of Representatives yestorday sgainst an abuse of somo dimensions, Private bills embody the kind of logislation which is neavest tho hearts of “working * Cougressmen ; and, sinco tho groat majority of the Houee comes inthis catogory, much time jarequired to consider tho schemes presonted. The custom lately hns been todovote Friday and Saturday to such busi- ness. The Spoaker belleves this is all wrong. He would have tho Houso considor firat the in- terests of. the country as & whole, and then pro- vide for the crying wants of the settloments ln:J the backwoods, The suggestion ia & cruel blow to that host of Congressmen whorepresent noth- log but their district aud nobody but their con- atituents, Tweed on Blackwell's Island, boreft of the gorgoous jewelry and sardonic mauncrs which distingulshed bim in political life, has etlll many friends. Thoir Inst demonatration on bis bohalf was hardly loss oxtraordinary than somo of his own feats during the supromacy of the Ring in New York City. It was tho intro- dnetion of a fraudulent type of emall-pox on tho Tsland, with a view to improving, in some mysterious manner, the prison-fare of the ox- Boss, The plot was, of course, dotéeted. Two convicts confessed that the eruptlons on their faces wore produced by the application of croton oll; aud they admitted that the whole mattor was arrangod in the intorest of Tweod, Evi- dontly thore {8 no ond to thoe petty deception ‘which can be employed in tho sorvice of a pow- erful and wealthy conviot. The Chlcnéo produce mnrkn:\;om Irregular gosterday, with loss doing, Moss pork was ac- @10.60 cash, and §16,70@16.75 sellor June, Lard was quiet and steady, closiug at 0,06@ 9,073 cash or soller May, Meats were quiet but atrong at 0}§@~0o, for shoulders, 8J¢@9 for ghort ribs, 036@9%(c for ahort clear, and 10@11c for swoot-picklod hams, Highwines wero quict sd 3o lowor, at D4lfo per gallon. Loke froights wore active aud unchanged, ot bo for corn to Buffalo, Tlour was active and firm, Wheat was actlve and weak, oloslng at $1.27 cash, $1.279{@1.27%¢ sollor May, and 81.28%@ 1.20 for Northwestorn, Corn was nctive and weak, deollning 3Ze, olosing at 08o cash, snd o55¢o sollor May, Oais wero ective and oaaler, olosing at 400 cash, and 4630 seller sy, Bye was quied and firmer at 080, Dabley all partics, If there is anybody - who does not want a veto, ho will find abundant sssuranco in the President's spoech that the bill is safe; and thero is just as much encoursgement afforded to thoro who oppose tho bill. It is creditablo to tho President that, according to his own state- ment, ho has watehed this bill in its progross through Congress with more interest thau any other mensuro which Lias baen brought forward since his Progidential career began, Ho is also to be congratulated upon Laving acquired instruce tionin the cloméntary principlos of finance; hois opposed to expavsion without redemption, and in favor of freo banking. Butbeyond this, and as to the speelfio object of the Now York Come mitteo's visit, the President said nothing. It is not too much to say that his longest sposch in his bost. Senator Tipton has retalon the position on tho Touisiona question which was assimed by him and Senator Trumbuil at the time of the debate in tho Forty-sccond Congross. He arguos that - tho rightfully-elected Governor should he fn- stalled; thot McEnorg s that Governor; and that the duty of the General Govornment in the promisos is simply to withdraw its troops, and let tho people of Lousiana arrange mattors a8 they plonse. Ilo balicves it would bo both ilfogical and unconstitutional to order o now election, as contemplated in Senator Carponter's bill, The position of the Sonatar from Nebraska cannot bo aesailed on the score of logic; its severity in this respect places it above reproach. But it will be difflcult for Ar. Tipton to convince Congress that the conrse ad- vised by him would not embroil Louisiann in civil war, and causo evils far groater than those which he seeks to zomody. Ho would intorfere Just onough to set all the opposing parties in tho Stato by the cars, and make no provision for restfaining the turbulent spirits from the ‘wildest oxcessos. Timothy W. Davenport, nominated for Con- gross by the Indepondent Stato Couvention of Orogon, June 16, is o Willamette Valley farmer of wide acquaintance and great popularity in his State, and there is o well-grounded prediction of his triumph at the polle, He is a native of Columbia County, N. Y. raiged in Obio, and o graduste of the Starlyne Med- ical Collego at Columbus, O. In 1860, with lus father (a noted physician), and in tho company of Col. E. D. Baker, of Iilincls, he omigrated to Oregon, and has there followed the pursuite of agriculture, what time he has not beon employed, as an accomplished ongincer and mathomatician, in supplying the deficloncies of incompotent contractors on the Government surveys. Ho has aleo been known somowhat in politics, being twico elocted to the Legislature (an old-fashioned Republioan) in his own Domo- cratic Couuty; and, last yoer, Lo was tondored the Coungressional nomination by the Republi- cans, but declined it because the Convention indoreed Benator Ilipple-Mitcholl, Tho Daveu- ports, both fathor and son, were members of the 01d Liborty Guard, of Ohio, whon it roquired norve to bo an Abolitionist, That kind of stock don't mako sorvile-to-Grant Congrossmon; and Mr. Davenport's election, in June, will sot the pattern of elcetions to follo Mr, George R. Chittendon, of Chicago, waa beforo tho Committoo of Congress Investigating Distriot of Columbia alfairs yosterday. His evi- donco was not so'stuffed with dishonorablo parts 08 the Committeo and the public had beon led to suppose it would be, Tho famous £87,000 recolved by DIr. Ohittonden from DoGolyer & McOlolland wans divided as followa: §72,000 in notes to Qol. Kirtland, o notorious lobbyist; 915,000 to Mr. Parsons for professional sorvices; £10,000 to Brown. Mr. Obittonden belioved this monoy was logltimately 'expended, Ho indignantly denlod Laving used money for pur- posos of corruption, and asserted thot tho slang phrage about | paying the national debt" was ontiroly new to Lim. As for Do Golyer & Me- Clelland, thoy wero shown by documentary ovi- dencoe to havo been cogoizant of Chittonden's pracoedings at every ktop, and to have approved of them. A weak point li the testimony was tho statomont of tho witness that ho pald 82,000 to Kirtland and Brown without any assur- auce that they had rendersd tho elightost ngslstance In proourlog tho contract, Au- othor polut of intorest ‘relates to Drown —tho mysterous Brown, Ho s {dontified 88 an obsoure Eplsoopal clorgyman now. sorving his country as Consul at Hamburgh, Gormauy. The Committes are lovking valuly for Qol, Kirte Iand, tho lobbyiat, who spont $72,000 in tho ser- vico of DoGolyer & McOlolland, Thua far the only broadsldes ventured upon by tho contonding parties in Arkansas have beon in tho shape of windy proclamations, GQov. Bax-~ tor'a Inst is to tho offeot that pationco has conrod to bo a virtuo § and, all the clroumstances being takon into account, we aro disposed to accopt his aesortion as strlotly voraclous, o will not have to bo pationt much longer, Tho Dar of Pulaski County has denounced in unoquivoent torms the naction of tho Courk that granted the ordor of ouster, tho publio of Little Rock have called up- on all good citizons to rally to his support, and, whilo the usurpor Brooks has rocolved fow ac- consfons to bis original army of 100 mon, the Baxtor hoadquartera aro throngod with oagor ro- cruits, Thorols no doubt that Baxtor lias the sympathy of tho best mon in Arkausns. Tho Gonoral Government will soon beforcod into recoguizing ouc of tho Governors, Tho Post- maator of Littlo Rock Lins asked for instructions in rogard to the delivery of tho moils, anda declsion in favor of either Brooks or Baxter can- not bo delayed. Up to this timo, Braoks has re- colved no encouragomont from Washington, and Baxtor haa boen put off with & suggostion from tho Attorney-Genoral as to the romedy which ho may obtain in the State Buprome Court. — DR. CARPENTER ON ALCOHOL, Inarecont {ssuc of Tue Tniouse, wo pre- sented tlio viows of Dr. Edward Curtis, & diatin- guished physiolan and chomist of Now Yorl, upon the effects of alcokiol upon tho human sys- tem, in which ho took tho position that alcohol was not o poison but a forco and heat-produc- Ing food, capable of nourishing the body, and, whennot used to excoss, a positivo beonofit. ‘Chat all sidos may be board, wo prosent to-day the views of Dr, William B, Carpontor; the omi- .nont English physiologist and chemist, moraly promising that Dy, Carpenter has a world-wide reputution in his profession, and that his works aro oonsidered na authoritative at avery seat of learning in England and the United Statos. His viows bave just beon printed in London, in tho shapo of a pamphlet essay, en- titled “The Physiology of ‘Tomperanco and Total Abstineuce, an Examination of tho Effacty of the Excossivo, Moderate, and Occasional Use of Alcoholle Liquors on the Human System ;" aud they will prove of great intereat pending tho prosont discussion of the real agemoios and offects of alcohol upon the human body. That the action of puro aloohol when taken in large quantities is dircotly, polsonous, is shown in tho fatal rosults attending its injeotion into the stomachs of dogs and othor animals, and tho offoots upon these animals aro precizoly similar to tho effects upon men when it is taken in larga quantities, and in every instance results in death. The nleohol is nbsorbed by the blood- vessols of tha atomach, and thence conveyed into the blood, and the effeot of this poisoned blood upon the nervous system, if suficiont alcobol hns boon taken, is strong onough to stop the action of tho hoart, Whon not so potent, comn is superinduced, which may also prove fatal. The less violont phase is ealled intoxication. This first affocts tho intellect, then the sonsorial apparatus, and lastly produces torpor of the brain; and, if this torpor spreads to tho upper partof tho spinal cord, fatal results must ensue. From these dotnils, whick Dr. Carpenter forti- fies with statistics and numerous oxperiments, ho thinks it conclusive that blood charged with alcohol, notwithatanding its constant withdrawal by the excretory’ operations, introduces a dis- ordered state of nutrition in the body in gonoral, and moro particularly in the nervous syatem, which, it maintained, becomos fatal, From thoso facts, he considers it undeniable that aleohol is aslow polaon. a Inthe chapter upoa the excossive use of al- cobol, Dr. Carponter gives a dotailed descrip- tion of tho various diseases which may be traced to it. These are as follows, 1. Delirfum Ebriosum, or drunken madnoss. 2. Dolirium Tremens. 8. Insanity, 4. Oinomania, or the irresistible propensity to swallow stimulants whenever aud wherover they can be procured. 5. Montal dobility in offepring. 6. Infam- matory disenses of tho brain, or Cerebritia and Menwgitis. 7. Apoplexy, Paralysis, and Epilop- 8y. 8. Criminal Conduct (which is troated o8 a disenso). 9. Disouscs of the alimentary canal. 10, Discases of the liver, kidneys, and skin, 11. Gout and rhoumatism, 12, Disesses of tho hoart and arteries. In addition’to this terrible catalogue of maladics dircetly resulting from the use of alcohol, Dr. Carpeuter claims that habitual drinkors have diminished power of sustaining injuries by disonse or accidents: that they are moro liable to opidemic diseascs, os- peeially to cholera; and that statistics show life is invariably shortened by it, With regard to tho moderate use of alcoholic stimulants, which {8 tho most intoresting part of thio essay, Dr. Carpentor takes the broad, gen- oral ground that it tonds to produco romotely injurious results, Vo Lve only space to indi~ cate in very general terms his exposition of tho effects upon the body. In the mattor of diges- tion, the organ assisted gradually losos its inde- pondont vigor and comos to require artifleinl support 08 & necegsity, Then there must bea gradual nugmentation of the stimulus, which usually ends in positive oxcess. But if this docs not happon, thou the stomach in Inter yenrs must suffor from this artificial activity by loss of tono, Tho effects upon tho system st largo vary with tomporament, but, 08 & genoral rulo, if the activ- ity of tho liver and kidnoys is thus augmentod, thoir vital powers must Lo prematurely oxhaust- od, Witk rogard to tho effects upon the nerv- ous systom, Dr. OCarpenter admits that habitual over-oxertion may be main- tained for n longor time with aloohol than without, but the prolongation of the term of over-exertion Ly ropeated application of stimulus is expending moro and more of the ‘powers of the norvous system, and preparing the way for a more complote proatration at a later poriod. In tho processes of nutrition, alcohol Lias an unfavorablo influence upon thoso nutrie tivo operations by which slimentary materials, fivet convorted into blood, are applied to the rogonoration of the living tissues, Dr. Corpenter thinks it extremely probable that the fatty degenoration of varlous tissuea and or- gons 18 promoted by the habitual uso of alco- holic liquors, sinco tho tondeney of alcohol in the blood is.to obstruct that romoval of faity mattor from the tissuos whick {s cssontial to its replacemont by thoir propor materials, Whilo it may appoar for a timo to contribute to Lealth, it is veally unfavorablo to the pormauent enjoy- mont of It, and this conclusion is also borne ont by the comparative rapidity with which similar results dovelop thommolves in tropical climates, for tho support of which the author cltes numerous statistice. While he doos not douy that aloohol has the virtue of produclng Loat in the syatem, he offsets this with the faot ia$ the same eéot can be produced ta siill . THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUN highor dogrea By coffeo or cocon, combined with food containing olonglnous proporties, Alcohol I8 far inforior to oithor of thoso fluids s a hoat- producer, sud, atter the offect has subsided, tho cold s folt with augmentod soverity. " Thoso aro tho substantial faots which Dr. Carpentor assumes as conclusive, aftor dovoting sovoral yanra to tho study of tho offeots of nlcohol, ‘T Inttor port of tho cssay i dovoted to proving that, though thoro aro cortain excop- Honal cazes in which oceasional or avon hiabitual rocourso may bo had to aleoholio liquors with apparont advantago, tho numborof cnses in which pormanent bonofit is formed by tholr use ia much loss than is gonerally supposed; snd thnt whilst the habltual use of alochollo liquors, ovon in tho most modorato smount, is likely to bo injurious, grest benofit may be derived in the troatmopt of disease from tho medicinal ugo of alcoliol in appropriato cases. 1t fs nood- loss, however, to dwoll upon theso points, We have cited the moro material ones, and these contributo a now and .vory intoresting ohaptor in tho history of the aleohol quostion, which will carry gront woight with it, from the ominent roputation and standing of its author. Ifoin- troduces tables showlhg. the porcontago of alco- hol in the various bovorages in common uso, ranging from 64.11 por cont in whisky to v4,20 por cont in London porter, and 01.23 per'cent in small boor, and ho holds that the injurious offectaof tho various drinks upon health is in exact proportion to the amount of alcohol which they contain respaotively. ; THE LAND-TAX. The Springflold Journal continuea to bo dig~ troased about tho proposod ropeal of tho tax for State purposes on tho land and town lota of II- linos. It eouks to oxoite local prejudice by such statoments as tho following : According to the last equalized assessmont, tha value of property in Cook County was as follows = Town and elty lot 187,220,801 Londs,.... 41,172,800 Total, . $228,199,608 Porsonal p 66,070,340 Grond totalisiesseeisinnsnnssannsees s $289,476,003 Upon the asmo basfa of nsscasment Tirx TRINONE'S policy would exempt $228,009,008 from taxation in Cook County, leaving only §65,070,340—loas than ono- Afth of tho wholo—to bear it proportlon of taxes; ‘while tho proportion of porsonal property to real estato in othior parts of tho State s nearly onoethird, This {88 fact, of the significanca of which wo leave our Toadera to judgo for themuelves. That is precisely one of the abuses of the val- untion system. The personal proporty of all kinds in Chicago equals in value, if it does not excoed, that of tho real property, and yet it is not asaesuod for one-fourth ite value, Three- fourths of it is not found by tho Assossor, and eacapes taxation. Wo havo shown that tho land of tho Btate pays over 80 por cont of the entire taxes of tho State, and that the porsonal prop- orty thot is taxed ot all is to bo mainly found on tho farms, and is ingeparably conuected with the lnnd. "The trouble with these Springfield people is, that to ropeal the-land tax would roduce tho cost of collecting tho revenue from 20 to 1 por cont. At prosent, when the Auditor wishes to produce a million of dollars of revenuo, he malkos o lovy for twelve hundred thousand dol- lars, the additional two Lundred tlrousand dol-' lars boing necessary to cover tho cost of collac- tion. All this plunder now taken to support rogiments of county end town officers will bo saved, and this is regarded at. Bpringficld a5 an invasion of iho sacred rights of office-holders. REFORM IN OREGON, The days of the oid partica in Orogon are, it would gcem, numbered, a8 they aro numbored in Tilinois, Wisconsin, and other Western Statos. A growing diesatisfaction with the Republican party, especially, has beon observablo for some time. This will bo more apparent from the fol- fowing figures showing tho strength of tho Ro- publican and Democratic parties respectively in thio State in June, 1873, November, 1872, and Octobor, 1878 : . Rep. Dem. June, 1872, olection for Congressman, 10,167 12,017 Nov,, 1873, 4 & President,,....11,820 Oct,'1873, % “ Cougressman,. 0,123 8194 The last-mentioned clection was made to fill & vacancy croated bythe death of the Reprosont- ative in Congress—a Ropublican—elcoted in June, 1873, ! These figures ehow that the Republican party in Orogon nnd lost o great deal of strength be- twoen November, 1872, and October, 1873, Lator dovelopments in that Stato prove that the movomeut bLegun in Californin hns infooted Orogon also. The disintegration of party has reached such & stago that there aro now four instead of two parties in Oregon, Threo Btato Convontiona bave met already and nom- ivitéd candidates, On March 18, the Democrats mot in Conyention and nominated the present incumbent, Lafayotte F. Grovor, for QGovornor. On the 8th of April, the Straight- Republicans nominated J. O. Tolman, Oniho 16th and 16th, tho Indopondent, or Pooplo's Convention, assembled, 2nd placed at the hoad of their ticket tho name of Thomas F. Campbell, ‘T, W. Davenport is the Indopendent candidate for Congressman ; Goorge A. La Dow, the Demo- cratio ; and Richard Williams, the Ropublican. The fourth party above referred to is tho Tem- poranco party. It has called a Convention to meot on May 6 at Portland, Tho oloction {8 to take . place June 1, The Congressman to Do elected will Lo the firat member cloct to tho Forty-fourth Congress. It is to bo regretted that the temper- ance question {s dragged into Oregonian politics at this timo, 88 one of its effecta wall be, porhaps, to obscuro tho political siguificance of tho elec- tion in June, The Indopendent party hus elready taken & bold stand in Oregon. It has won over to its couso some of the best papers in tho Stato, Its principlos ara advocated by tho Oregonian, tho Balom Sfatesman, the Jaoksonville Sentinel, tho Albeny [Register, the Yamhill Re- porler, the Lafayette Courier, the Eugono Hawkeye, tho Toroat Grove Independent, tho Dalles Mountaineer, and othor journala, It has doveloped groat strength in Eastern Orogou, In sevoral countios, among them Jackson, Wash- ington, Marion, Douglas, Yamhlll, Clackamns, Polk, and Linn, it is confidently -asserted tho Indepondents will win, . Tho political aspoct in Oregon is such as wo Lhave loug oxpocted aud predioted. Inke causes produco liko effects. The causes which in oth- eor Btatos have given birtll to People’s and Re- form porties, In Orogon gave birth to tho Indepondent. The Independents of Oregon nood only to bo truo to the principles of economy and reform to win and to held the Btato. Tho old Domocratio party is a thing of tho past. The Republican party ia not yot doad, bug itavitalityis, aa an Oregonian contomporary oxpresaos it, tho vitality of the death-agony. It fs boyond the rallyiug point. Its sius in Oregon aro the samo a8 elsowhoro, and what theso are it I not nocowary to ropeat here. To the meu who will work for the natlon and not for party, tus tomediste politioal future of ihis toun. SATURDAY, APRIL, 18, 1874, try bolongs, The platform of the Oro- gon Indopondonts s an oxcollont one 1t ealls upon tho pooplo to corroot tho oxtrava- ganco and corruption in State and National Ad- ministration, It makes no unreasonablo attnoks on rallroads or othor corporations, but advooates that they should oxist, subjoot to tho law, tho propriety of which experiouco has sufilclontly domonatratod. Tho Oregon Juno olection will bo lookoed forward to with intorost by those who liave alrendy broken loose from party loading- strings, CO-OPERATIVE CRISPINS, Aftor two months of idleness, the jonrnoymon shoomalers of this city have takon the advice wo gave thom at tho boginning of thelr strike, Thoy have organizod a co-operative boot and ‘shoo company. 'Thoy oxpect to have tholr nom- inal capital of $20,000 taken up by about 160 mon. These men havo now been idlo some fifty working days. During thattime they contd Lavo entnod, at tho rates offered by the employ- ors (84,60 & day until April 1, and $6 subso- quontly), tho sum of $282.60 aploco, or £84,876 botwoon thom. They have therefore lost, by stubbornly standing idle, much more money than would suffice to pay up all the copltal needed to inaugurato their now. entorprise. It has been an abroluto loss ‘bocauso its object~~the subjection of the mastors —has not beon gained. . Tho masters have triumphed ‘in the contest. Thoy have got all thio workmen they need on their own terms. The old employes hiave at last heen driven tothe step thoy hould have hastonod to take at the bogine ning of thostrike. Yotit ia botter lato thannevor., The prico they pald for their folly should bo & .warnlng to othor artisans, Horo is & strile in- volving the waste of thousands of dollars within & fow days, which reeults at last in something that could have been done precisely a4 well on the vory firet day, The mombers of tho ‘new organization caleu- lato that an employor makas & proflt of 35 per wook on each journeymam. If this is so ond if they succoed in establisbing the noces- sary businoss relations, thera is & very sub- stantial margin for' proflt on tho labor of 160 men. The co-oporators could afford to under- sell their ex-omployers and yot meke far more money themuolvos than they ever did under the old wages-systom, All attempts of this sort, when workingmen try to holp themsolves, should meet with hearly popular sympathy: The danger of the day is Communism, ana Com- munism deponds for support upon the men who havo nothing to loso by anarohy. As tho work- ingmon goins property, Lo grows conservative, The Neow York T'ribune gives prominonce to a statoment of faot which would be in- credible had not tho doings of the Jayno- Sauborn gang convigced the dountry that nothing with money in it is too menn for the Treasury blackmailers to stoop to, It sooms that the champagne sent to this country from Frauce is manufactured expressly for this market. It moets with no salo suywhore elso. Honce it has beon very difficult to fix its value at tho placo of exportation, a8 our laws require, A basis of valuation was sgreed upon by the fm- porters and Government. It wasputin writing and placedon filoin the New York Custom-Housa, Soou after, tho plot was hatched. Lottora were writton at the Speeial Troasury Agency at Paris, and mailed to the French grape-growers from Liverpool aud othor foreign citier. They pur~ ported to como from persons who wished to in- troduce the champagnes made for tha American market into Moxico and South America. For some time the producers doclined to flll any such orders. Finally they named a price at which thoy would soll the small quuntities ro- quired. Tho oxcuptional circumatancos and the smallnosa of the transactions naturally mado the rates somowhat highor than the averago, A fow baslrota of wine wore bought in this way from all the prominent houses in the trade. Bitls aud invoicos were got from each firm, Tho plot was now ripe. These papers were gont to Amer- ica a8 proofa of undervaluation. "With no warn- ing toimporters, on s given day overy bottlo of champague, in bond or in & Custom-House, on the Atlantio aud Pacidlo cossts, was seized. It was just at the beginning of the annual trado. - The champagne business was brought to o stand-still. SBomo of the importers wero ruined. Bome of their agents went mad under the shack., The harpios of the Treasury swooped down mpon the implicated partics, offering them the alternativo of compromiso (i. e., black- mail) or ruin. Most of them compromised forth- with. A few took the matter into the courts. On tho first caso, aftor & long and costly trinl, the jury disngreed. Then overybody cBmpro- mised. This scandalous cage is, tho Tribune says, being ropeated now. Decoy letters are being writton, clorks are being bribed, morchants are being nared. Thisis but too probable. Why should not the process of blackmail that has paid so well at homo and abroad goon? Noth- ing but honor aud honesty domands its stoppage. UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE—COMPULBORY ED- UCATION. A governnient is kuown by its rosults. It may bo thooretically perfect and practically wrong. Locke's *“ Fundamental Constitutions for South Carolina " wero thought to embody an ideal sys- tem. It proved too ideal for sinfut humanity. Inafow yenrs it was thrown anside as utterly wortlless, Kossath's Constitution of the Re- public of Hungary was an admirably framed sys- of government. In thoory, it was excellent, In effeot, it was worthless. Tho present Govern- mont of France i » marrow oligarchy, No principlo of right can justify ite cling- ing to power. Yot it s dolug much for the country, It is, porbaps standing between it and anarchy. Ite debatos aro slowly forging a Coustitution that may onduro, Hitherto, Franco ks adoptod eloquent, symmotrical Constitutions, which Lave lasted about as many days as were required to frame thom. Ifthe Natlonal Assombly finally gives the country a afo, strong syatem of government, ite'obatinato deflance of tho popular will and ite porsistent retention of power will have beena blessing, Tho object of government i the groatest happiness of the greatest number, As means to this end, government is bound to maintain pesce, to mauage its revenues with honesty and economy, and to oarry tho sober mccond-thought of the poople into oxcouion. If a systom. of rule doos this, it {s o good systom, If not, not. As the years go by, the queation forces itsolf moro and more upon thiuking mon, whether untversal suffrage can effeot tho ouds of government with. out univorsal intelligence. Wo, alono smong nations, hiave triod tho tromendous experiment, Has Intolligonce kopt pace with suffrage? Is our Leglslaturo wise, our Excoutive vigorous, our Judiciary untafnted? Are our revenuos boneatly colleoted, honestly spent? Do wo Of14ndst oarey kato effeds the mstured wiakes of the nation’s intolligonce, or the whims and fan- clea of the unthinking ? As tho suffrago oannot bo taken away from any who havo it, tho safety of the Ropublio do- ponds upon .tho spread of education, and this dopends in Iarge monaure upon ita enforcomsnt, As one attor anathor restriction on tho franchise has boen ewopt away, and as ono after another offico hiaa boon mado elootivo, tio defaats of our systom Liave bocome more apparont, The mech- anism which proves so cumbrona in collooting taxos works like n oharm when used to carry sn oleotion. The public funds aro voted away in subaldios to mammoth corporations, which koop Congrossmon, ag they do attornoys, in thoir pay. Lobbying has bocome & fino art, Thore i8 & quasi stato of war in at loast two Btatos of tho Unlon. Our great cities have shown tholr incapacity to govern thomsolves by falling, ono atter another, into tho handr of plundering Riugs. Bome of our States aro in tha samo plight. Our logislation is con- flicting and confusod. Domagoguos flourish, Culture and training are sneored at. Tho mon- strous folly of inflation {8 sought to bo madea lnw in doforence to ignorance, which is supposed to Lo in the mnjority, If the ovils of to-day nro tho results of national character, of climate, of tho Inte War rather than of thosystom of govern- mont undor which thoy oxist, we can safoly oling to our thoory that overy mele citizen over 1 yoars of age Las an inalicnablo right to voto, aud that the State has no corresponding right to compel him to know something. But if not, it the conviotion forcos itsclf upon us that the peo- plo suffer whon tho people rule, then it behoovas u8 to enlargo our educational syatem and make it compulsory. Of this wo .may bo suro, that it our present system falls to destroythe corrup- tion now so provalent, corruption will sooner or lator dostroy it. What thon ? THE DUBUQUE ELEVATOR CASE. Bome woeks ago we publishod tho particulars of o cao tried in tho Circuit Court at Dubuque, Tows, in which tho Elevator Company obtained a vordict of $204,000 againet tho Illinois Central Railroad Company. Tho facts wore, that tho Dubuque & Sioux City Railroad Company en- tered into & contract with the Elovator Company, providing - that all graln brought to Dubuque over that road should Lo warohoused in tho elovator of the Company, and should pay 1 cont per bushol for roceiving and discharging tho same, The contract is dated Jan. 2, 1861, and was to continue fifteon years. Boforo the ole- vator was comploted, that is to say, in 1807, tho Duabuque & Sioux City Raitrond Company leased its property to the Illinols Central Railroad Company, whioh Company assumed sll the con- tracts of tho former. When the olevator was completed, its ownera informed the Railroad Company of their readiness to recoive grain according to contract. Sinco that time, tho olovator has boon Lkopt in readinoss day after day, fully propared to roceiva and dischargo giain, but not a bushel Las over been bhandlod by it. In 1870, tho Elovator Company brought suit and -obtained a judgment for 983,000 for tho earnings to which it was onfitled up to Moy of that yosr. The case was appealod to the Suprome Court of the United States, In January last, an additiona! judgment for $204,- 00D was obtained for earnings up to somo time in 1878, and that oagso was also appoaled. Tho firat cago was docided by the Supreme Court at Washe ington a fow days ago, and docided in favor of tho Elovator Company. This dacision probably decides the socond onse and those which may follow. By the terms of tho original contract, at tho end of the fiftecn yoars, which expire Jun. 2, 1876, tho Railroad Company has tho op- tion to ronow it or to purchase tho building, ma- chinory, and other property of the elevator. The two judgments nlrondy obtained aggregato over $370,000, not including interest and costs, and there will be two years and more additional enrninga bofore the contract expires. t PERFUNCTORY PRAYING. Tho paths of clergymen in offico aro beset with pitfalle. The United Btatos Senato has a Chap- Iain in the porson of the Rev. Byron Bunderland. This gentleman has signalized his Chaplaincy by tho vorsatility of hig invocations. He firat made tho newspapers & special object of appeal. He agkod tho Divine mercy in the shape of palsy and paralysis for all nowspaper correspondents or editors who writo or print that any person connected with our good and pions Government, or with any of its dopartmonts, or with Congress, bhad ever beon guilty of fraud or corruption or any ofiicial impropriety. He also epecially in- vokod tho Divino interposition. to suppress all torms of slander, and thus provent those very troublesomo institutions known as Investigating Committecs, which woro disturbing the tranquilli- ty of the officors of tho District Govornment and other puro aud estimablo gentleman. On the occasion of Mr. Bumner's obsoquies In Washing- ton, this Chaplain prayed for all the officors of tho Governmont by their titles, but at night it ocourred to him that ho had omitted the Vies- Prosidont, and he forthwith had the omission supplied by telograph! A St. Louls paper ro- Iates how this gontleman has at Iast got into trouble through his perfunctory prayors that the legislation of Congress muy be enlightoned, Ho endeavored to.iuform the Almighty on the morits of ‘inflation and contraction of the our- rency, ond prayed the Divine ald in bringing the inflationists to n senso of the jniquity thoy wore trying to accomplish, He did not pretend to 8ay who were and who were not inflatfoniats, but be prayed for the !* acoused inflationista” with eamestnoss and zeal. 1t is represented thnt thers is disgust in Wash- ington, and that Morton, and Cerponter, and Logan—all plous men thomselves—do not relish those prayers on the ourrenoy question. It is possible that, if they beliove in the efileacy of prayer, they may lay at tho door of the Ohaplain the reaponsibility for haviog their inflation bill turn out to be & mensure of contraction, Tho chivalrio revolver has been at worl again in Kontucky, the viotim being J. R. Breckin- sldgo, nophew of tho Hon. John 0. Breokinridge. Tt was not oven a duel which onded his life, but, it tho nowapaper ncoounta are to bo relied upon, & oold-blooded butchery, Tho butcher was ono John L. Anderson, & young blood of Danville, Ky, Tho oiroumstances of tho osse are interest- ing aa {llustrative of tho chivalrio feellng prova- lent among tho youug men of the South. An- dorson and Brockinridgo kad quarreled early in thie dny ovor an umbrella, but meeting aftor mid- night forgot their formor difiicultios in & game of billinrde. During tho game Anderaon called for drinks, two gentlomon taking beer and ho call- Ing for wine. DBrockinridge having boon served bofore him, Andorson, without a word, drew & rovolver and shot him through tho Lead. The bar-koeper offored to ralee the wounded mau, whereupon Auderson threatoned to shoot Lim, The brava young man $hon called for more wine, and continued his game, the viotim of his brue tallty all this $ize lyiug asuselens on the Hoor Not s man In the biliiard-room" hiad tho courage tofaco tho bully and ralso Lis viotim, until, bav- iog tired of his ono-alded amusement, the mur- derer atrolled ont. As a vindication of the Kon- tuoky boast of porsonal courage, this affalr many bo regardod an & triumphant succoss, Tho peo. ple of Lobanon must bo very proud of thelr dar- ing innotivity at such a tme) — THE FEDERAL COURTS fl?IOWA. Inthe Washington dispatohes, in glving the testimony of Atty.-Gon, Willinma beforo the House Oommittes, ho was roprosonted aa say- ing: Atty,-Gen, Willisms, before the Touss Committes, gavo testimony with roference to tho Arkaussa caso. He stoted that he novor allowed oxpenses beyond tha legal limits, e had evidence of extraordinary exe penges in Arkaneas and other places, Ifohad trisd to corroct them, but tho courts would give him no ns~ slstonce, 1fo thought it could bo demonatrated that in tho courts of the United Statea in Yowa, Kancas, Bouth Corolins, and Dakota thore had bocn vast ex~ ponditurea unauthorized by law, This atatomont attractod the attontion of Judgo J. M. Love, United Btates District Judge of Towa, who at onco addressed & noto to the Attornoy-Goneral, stating that he had nover Leard of any *oxtraordinary expenditures,” or “suy expenditures not suthorized by law,” 1n Towa. Ho onllod the attention of tha Attornoy~ Gonoral to the fact that by law there were ton torma of court to bo held in esch year, at five places in Towa, and, considering the comparativa population, tho judiclal exponditures in Iowa wore much loss than olsewhere. Unablo, how- over, to deny allegations a8 to abusos of which he had no speciflo information, ho expresacd his desiro to co-operate with the Attorney-General to bring court expensos within reasonable limits ; and thorefore ho nskoed the Attornoy-Goneral to point out the sbuses of expauditures in Iowa, thint to tho oxtent of its power the District Court might aid in reforming them. To this lotter tho "Attornoy-Genoral, under dato of April 4, roplicd that the dispateh 1n quostion was o misrepresentation of whut ho had said. His only reference to Iowa was, “That the expensos in Tows and Kansas wors large, but he did not kuow that thoy were not warranted by law.” He had made no allusion to tho courtin Yowa; nor bad he said that the courts anywhore would not give him ‘any sse sigtance.: ® To this Judge Lovo rosponded by eaying that ho would not excuse unnccossary oxpenditurea in Towsa by referenco to what was done in other Btates; on the contrary, he would at once con. for with tho Marshal, with o view of finding means of reducing exponditures in that district, The whole corresponddnes is croditable to Judge Lovoandthe Federal judiciary in Yows. No complaint of any kind has evor been proforred against tho integrity or the ability of tho Fed- eral Courts in that Stato, —— Mr, Borgh has suggested a reform which the Bocloty ho 80 obly ropresents will support withe out doubt, Itisa homo for vagrant cats, dogs, and horros, which thoy will lenve only for regue lar employmont as houschold pots, or aa fere tilizing material. He calla upon the city author- ities to ront some opon lot of ground in a re- moto part of the city, build thereon kennols, atabling, and the like, and & suitable edifico for the final disposal of vagrauts. Weo might eug- gost cromation-works nlso as suifablo, Two wagons aro to bo sont round every morning to colloot inmates for this asylum. These wagons aro to bo built in compartmonts, well ven- tilatod, aud capablo of Liolding ono aninal och, Tho vagranta aro to ba taken to the asylum, regiatored, tho valuablo onés preserved, and tho useloss curs humanely slanghtorod. No ene couragement will be given to amateur contribn- tions by the offor of rewards. 1t is nlso pro- posed that the slaughter of superannunted and disoasod pots be intrustod to the Bocinty. This seoms tobo & foasible schome, and would bo- coma almost solf-supporting by tho revenue de- rived from tho romaine. If the human curs'and vagrants could bo similarly disposed of by policomen, saciety would be greatly benefited. As this cannot be dono, lat us remove the use less cata and dogs as a preliminary. —— e A gentloman has suggested to us that tho ren. 8on why the Rev. Dr. R. W, Pattersondid not ap- poar to be inaugurated as Professor of tha Presbytorion Bominary was, that tho General Asgombly hinve a veto on the appointment, and ho did not think it bost to embarrass thoir action by being installed previous to their vote upon his nomination, With all Dr. Patter- son's modeaty, ho caunot beliove,—no one can,— that thero will bo a dissenting volco when the voto on his conflrmation is taken. His position a8 one of the ablest and most conservative Prosbyterians in tho Clureh wos conceded even bofore the Old and Now 8chool branches wore united. Thera must bo something beyond and behind all this. Can any ono doubt that thero is too much heresy-hunting and Pattonism.in the Sominary, and that, warnod by its late manifestations, Dr. Patterson is likely to conclude to let the institu- tion seyeraly alono? If the isane must be mado and a division 14 forced in roferenco to which of tho two P.'s shall retain his Profossorship upon the Presbyterian Church of the Northwest, thore . a:‘l‘lt‘a? no doubt as to who would got notico ‘to R SO Bt. Louis is at Inst taking an interest in the prosont borrible condition of society in South- weatern Missouri. 'Che Democrat of that eity hias gone to the longth of Lilling ono of the Gad’a Hill gang and wounding another. Itencouragea others to continuo thogood work by aunouneing, in italics, that two of the James brothors are in Kanses City. According to tho Democrat's ntory, the two gangs were overtakon by pursuera in Arkansas, when » bitter fight ensued, with the rosult given above. The rogue who was kilted was Arthur McCoy, formerly of the Mound City Guord of 8t. Louis, and afterwavds iii the Confodorate sorvico. The news is not well suthenticatod, and bolongs to that-class-which is known as * tao good to bo true.” gt o e s Binco March, 1869, the United States has baen employing Col. Whitley, Ohief of the United Btates Bocret Borvice, to put s stop to intlation by arresting all porsons who have added to tho volume of tho curroncy by meauns of privato bank notos, genorally known as countorfoits, Of the success of- tho Government in thus quenching the spirit of compatition, there can Lo no doubt. * No less than 1,400 of those gontle- mon aro werving terms in tho penitentiary. During tho fall of 1878 no loss than 80 were con- victed, If Col. Whitley knowa his business, he can make a liani of trablo that number in 1874 and captuto them, oo, rod-handed, and without going out of Washiugton, y —_——— Thore are thousands of people who dread the idos of interment alive moro than death itsolf, Numerous suggostions have beon mado of meana for detormining whothor doath has actually co- curred. The latest of theeo is by Dr. Bouchut, of the Acadomy of Medioino, Paris, He asserta that when the temperature of a body hos been loworodto08degrees Fakrenhoit, denth must havo onsued, Ho has dovised a thermometer so graduated that when, placed undor the arm of & supposod corpse, it marks zoro, all hope of ye- vival or dunfior of intermont alive is prssod. ‘The simpliolty of tho tost is strongly i its favor. : In Marshall County, 1IL, at tho recent town olootions, tha Towns of Roberts, Hopowell, aud Lacon votod to enjoin the collection of the tay- levied to pay intorost ou $105,000 of bouds fg. suod by thoso towns in aid of the Hamilton, Le- con & Eastern Railroad, Tho Township of ™= nous has alko onjoined tho colloction of {nte it on the 8120{})00 of bonds isauod to the Ottaws, Oawego & Fox Rivor Railroad., These lattor bonds hiave besu pronouuged i e S P Yold by\ln Bue