Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, April 18, 1874, Page 10

10 STEALING. Is It Always Wrong to Steal? The Great Nowspaper-Discussion - of Thirty Years Ago. How Esoaping Slaves Brought the Eighth Commandment into Popular Notico, A few days ago I occuplod somo lolauro honra In meditating upon the subject of Hunting, ana thoso moditations appeatrod soon aftor in Tur JTurnuxe; I bolleve tho process rathor lod to thoe conclusion that thoro was a groat'varioty in stylo and grado of charactor in hunting,—somo of it vory entortaining, some instructivo, somo funny, somo oruol and degrading, and somo vory strango, and of & mixed moral oharactor; and that the hunting of men was not a profession that could bo rolied upon always as profitablo. 1 oow proposo to take up tho subject of STEALING. 1t is gonorally admitted that the Biblo is the standard of moral conduct ; that what tho Biblo approves s right, what tho Bible forbids is wrong ; and wo should not, fn fact, know much nbout either right or wrong, good or ovil, if it wore not taught in the Biblo, I start out on tho bold assortion, that tho Diblo forbids stonling, and that to stenl ia noithor right nor good. Seo Exodus, xx., 16, F Now, ns thoro wero various things to hunt, such as flens, pigcons, rabbits, deer, buffalo, bears, elephants, lions, and men,—the scalo go- fug up: in dignity like tho eight notes on the gomut,—so thoro aro things to bo stolen tho stealing of whick is forbidden, and there- fore wroug,—such 0s pins, ponnios, pigs, provendor of all kinds, and all descriptions of property, and monoy, moukeys (if tamed), nd theso go up in eriminul atrocity to tho character of tho articlos, as hunting goes up in dignity. My authority for this Jast untheologicnl assertion is this (SEE EXODUS, XXI, 1) : “ And he that stealeth a man and_ selleth him, orif le be found in lus hand, he shall surely be putto dealli™® I can well porcolve how it is possiblo for some peopla to got o little confused ns to what they iy not or cannot steal, We know from the Yolice Justices' roports, that, in the minds of o grant many people, there is gront confusion as totho rights of proporty; somo think their rights to things aro as brond as Scth Paine’s sympathy when ho snid, aftor his Christian Bank subsided, that ke ownod all tho ships in the har- ‘Dor, becauso he could enjoy their sight and pos- gossion without. the troublo of taking caro of them, I confoss, whilo it is quito plain _how mnot to stonl, that it 18 somowhat dificult to know bow to stenl some of tho things hunted; for instance, how to steal o buffalo,—while it is ensy to ston] tho robo, or steal o bear, or an clephant, or a moot- ing-liouse, or even & slunk,—and, abovo_ all, Low to steal o man, Thut was the conundrum of the past genoretion. These Xohlm of wmornlity and logality havo to bo sottled from the high standpoint of roason, guided by wisdom. That was done somewhat in 1m tho Stnto of Vermont, more than half a con- tury ego. A youth wns prosecutod there for stenling adog, and tho cnse waa carried to a vory high comt, and the Judge decided that NO THEFT MAD BEEN COMUTIED, . becaueo, a8 tho dog was gpod for nathing, it was not stealing to take him without leavo ; i other words, thab tho dog wns not proporty, and, thoreforo, conld niot bo stolon, And also again boliold the wisdom of Vermont,—for- thera way a vast deal of wisdom in that Stato as long ngo as when Stophon A, Dougles resided thoro, and thero was considerablo left, too, aftor ho de- parted; aud this anciont wisdom was manifosted in this wiso: A slava had cscaped from New York, when that Slato was o slave State, into “Vermont, when that State was not a slaye State, nover had beon and never would bo; and his master hunted him even to tho borders of the Groen Mountaing, and he caught him ; but how to get nway.with lim wag ns diflicnlt s to got away from tho Tartar ; and_so the master and tho &luyo got ontangled in o Vermont court, snd the Judge domanded to knosw tho right of the master to thoman, 'The master afiirmed his right to be by purchaso. The bill of sale was domanded, producad, and_oxamined; but tho Tudgo dotected u flaw. **Itisnot sufliciont,” gaid he * you must prosont & bill of sxlo FROM THE ALMIGHTY. ‘This is high autlority in Vermont, and it is the same by which Ethan Allen demanded the sur- render of Ticonderogn. Bo legal authority has mada it plain that you cannot stonl 8 dog ora man in Vermont, because the right of property does not stick to cither. In the dignity of tho languago of the law, natural and eonstitutioual, Man cannot Lold property in Man. But, if this matter of stenling be such a mud- dle, what you may steal or what you mny not,— and, lest tho youthful mind bo led natray,—L give the simplo rule: Take to your own use only the things you know are your own, and be not anxious to find an own- er for things thnt lic around loose. Hauds off. All things will come to thoir.owners, as the ox to lt,lm stall, and the ass even to his master's cnib. ‘Who would have thought that the Anti-Slavery agitation, which was really for the rights of the person, nhould havo evolved such a discussion a8 this porlaining to rights of property ? 18 IT WRONG TO STEAL? “You would have ecen in nlmost all of tho news- npers of tho day, thirty years ago nnd s little ess, diecussions uader this head. The political and religious nowspapers wore sliko engaged in the discussion, aud they took both eides of the quostion, DBlost of tho political nows- pepers aflivmed that it was not right to Bteal. (Wo should judge, from tho way somo of tho Congreesions! quostions are treated in 1874, thnt thoy ara not quite o cloar on that subject now.) ho religious newspapors were moro in- clined to go in for the justifieation of stonling under cortnin circumstancos, To got right down to tho logic of tho talk, some Banid that it was nat wrong for tho slave to run mwny with bim- self, and #o stenl his master's proporty; and to tako, or help himsolf away, his master's boots, which bo may happon to lave on; or an extra pair, if he should start on a long journey; orhis Tuaster's bat, on bis own head; or his'mester's " pants, on his own legs ; or his mastor’s Lorse, if fiu should find it anfor to flco with one from his mastor’s bloodhounds; or his wmaster's boat, 1t Yo should need to eross a river; or a ham from his mastor's smoke-house, or o chicken or two from Lis roost, should it possibly happen that Lo \\D\’l?ll need food : or that he might tuke these things from any person not his master, should ho fud them neccasary to his cscape. Aud thus was the conscience of this mnation terribly rent by euch o discussion, Garritt Bmith camo oub bolaly for the right to do those things by the flln\;o escaping from hin master. Hoe doclarea o IT WAS NOT BTEALING: to take proporty in that way. tarned their batterios upon him; tho pious journals of Now York lot off thelr guus doublo- shotted ; and it would seom, from all tho hub- Dub made about it, that ull distinetion botweon yight and wrong was about to bo abolished in tho land, Gorrit Smith roceived more rebukes from press aud pulpit, ton Lo one, than ara now Jauncled out upon Ssuboern, Juyno, aud Butler combined, And the aceasion of it was this; Tho under~ ground railronds had got into aperation. They 0t into operation for very much the samo roa- tiou that uppor-ground railronds now go into operation : becauso thero was business for them todo, And thero was business for them to do hoeause slaves wonld run away from their mas- tory, in nll the Bordor Btates, and sumo States not so borderous. And thoy would run away ‘becsueo thoy were getting tlie notion that they could do hotter to run_than to stay. And they got that notion beeauso thoir mastors kopt on DAMNING TUE DANNED AROLITIONISTS more than there was any veed of their doing, and kopt talling tholr slaves thut the Abolitions Iits woro nigger-thieves ; that thoy stole thom to soll them in that cold country, Couada, which yioa & Iand boyond tho North” Btar; nud that those they didn't sell they kept to eat, for the North was a poor country, aud did not abound in corn sud bacon, and black poople woro n luzury, At tho samo timpo, upon tho stump, thoy hesrd their ninsters talking to crch other about the dosigns of the North to boat them at the eloo- tious, and como down thoro und sut their slaves froo, 'Then it ocourred to tho elaves that Cana- da might bo the land'of Cannau, spolt differont- Iy wnid that it might not bo such bad thing, atter oll, to full into the jaws of those voraclous Abolitionists, And " rare it was indoed thot any Abolitionist over went over tholino to ontico o slave away from his master, ‘Fhoy had onough to do without the enticing. ‘Phiis wholo process of the exodus of the ULACK CHILDIEN OF ISRAEL from tho Phavaoks of (ho plantation was called . Nowspapers | utnnlinfi. Ofton, an they came away, hard pressod upou thelr flight, they would tako thelr master's FTDPMI!»—-mmo Imos a horse, somotimos oloth- ng_they had mnover worn; some of thetn had such a rogard for time, and tho necossity of making good time on their jnumt:‘y that thoy would tuke thoir mastor's watah; and It did hag- pon tlmly would take a bosat to oross tho river; sud, {ndeod, it was the olimax of thoir hopes if, upon tho southern sido of tho Ohlo, or on tho wostorn sido of the Alississippl, thoy could find n boat, that, by stealing or gottlog in D, ‘wiso, would land them _ on “{other sido of Jordsn.” It Is_quito clear, then, that so long 88 elaves would run away front tholr masters, thoro would bo considerablo stonling dono, Thorefors it waa a clnrge ngninst tho slave and bis protectors that thoy woro thioves, As conacionco among tho puu{flo took fair play, it resultod more and moro in tho sanchification of thnt kind of stealing than to tho discrodit of the thief, Gerrit Smith, s the champion of this_theory, could only fecl, in stomming tho tido of untional domoralization, that ho could do more to sustain roligion and common honesty by justifying stealing, If thoy would eall it by that namo, than by countonanc- ing tho oppression which made &uch stesling nocossary. Snid _ono of tho prominont nowepapora in Northorn Illinols: ‘Tho Weslern Citizen toachos that it is H&ll‘ for the niggor to stoal from his mastor,” Tho answor was: “The Western Citizen tonchos no such thing; but says that 1T 18 NOT BTEALING for tho negro or any other man to tako a coat, or horso, or boat, to get away from & person who attompts to onelave him, or from an Indian who s onptured him,"” e ‘Thero woro laws in elt tho Wostorn Border Freo States toaid tho master {n reclaiming his slave, and cuforcing his notions of the right of property, o, If aboat woro found in possos~ sion of & man on the free alde, it would bo ro- claimed as stolon property. If -a horso on which tho slavo had escaped wero found in the hands of ono who Lad aided the slavaein a Freo State, he was liablo to arrest for racolving stolen proporty. It was a common thing for chargos to be trumped ug for atenling proporty, such &a s hotwe, or wateh, or clothing ; aud tho fugitive hunted by the local authoritios, with an extradition-warrant from the Governor of the adjoining Blave State, aud captured, if hands could be laid upon him, a8 an nbscuud]ng thief. And moro serious cliarges Were ome- times made up. THE BLAVE ANDERSON, from 8t. Louis, it was charged, had lalled & pur- suer, when on his track, while ho was_flesing from slavery. 1lo made his escape to Illinois, was protectod at Alton, was put upon the line of the underground railroad, came up at Chicago, wont uuder again, and roso in Cauads, ‘Lho requigition-warrants in_Illinols and Michigan failed to rench him. The iutervontion of tho United States Governmont was invoked by tho Governor of Missouri. Aunderson fled to Lon- don, and put bimself undor the protection of the Lion. 8o he was lionized by tho aristocracy, not alono because he wag & alave, but becaudd 1i0 had killed bis master. Our Govornment do- monded that be should bo given up; tho Lagte was made to Lito about the Lion's den to soize Iiis prey, while the Lion growied dofiauce, Tho Britieh Govornmont, presacd Ly its philanthro- pists, would oxamine into tho cavo. It was proved that tho man was a slove; and had only shed tho blaod of tho pursuer whilo endeavoring to mako his eacape from alavory. That was not an of- foneo Lnown to British law. It had no more force than if a Yankeo had escaped from tho Modocs, and had got into Canada, and Capt. Jsck had demandod that he be given up to Mo- doo justice. At the most, it could only have ‘beon a political offenso; and it Lins long boon an oalablishod policy with civilized Goyornmonts that political offonders shall not bo detivored for trial or punishinent to anothor Government. The Eaglo, goaded on by tho slavoholders, sho held the bitd in tother, screeched, but soracchod in vain. It was “I\'iggm‘ or flgln," ag it bad Doon, but a few years before, * Fitly-four-forty or Fight." But “niggor” did not come, neithor did the fight. We backed down ; and go we, A8 A NATION, WERE HUMILIATED, ns wo had beon o thousand {imes beforo, by the braggadocio of the plantation, who could neither Leep or cateh thoir chattels, 80 tho stealing business opons up many inter- osting reminiscences and valuable lessons, thut teach how a nation may be demoralized by & per~ version of its standards of right and wrong, and by tho cry of hrpecxitas to stand by the right, whict: ia no right, bt a slinm. T bave just ono of thego tales to tell. But it is o hard matter to como it over theso autocrats of tho pross. Thoy will bavo no yarns continued; no tales with Idnks in, which we call captures; no serinls to drag their weary lougth behiud; but I boliovo they have onacted no law aguinst finishing one articlo with tho hoad of the next ouo, and that Liead is OWEN LOVEJOY A8 A ** NIGGER "-TIIEF. Z. TASTNAX, ==y NEW YORK STATE INSURANCE LAW Vs, RESUMPTION,_ To the Editor of the Chicago Tribune : Bim: According to the annual statoments made by the differont lifo-insurance companies for the yoar 1873, it appents that the amount of monoy, or its equivalont, held asn resorve by the New York companiesalone, Jan, 1, 1874, was, in round numbers, about $150,000,000. The Stato of New York roquires that it the funds of tho companies organizod undor its laws shall bo loancd upon real-estate security ; that seourity must be in the State, or within 50 miles of tho Cityof New York. The West and South, for twonty yours or moro, have been pouring into the vaults of these companios their woalth, recoiving back a small porcentage thereof in tho payment of losses. I writo now only of reserve, and hence that sbsurdity called * dividouds does not appesr.; Now England has wisgly thought that thoro wero other than Eastern cities whore roal ostate was valuablo ; and to hor tho Wost is greatly, if not mainly, indebted for support in times of fnancial dlstross; and to her I most willingly lonve tho answor to tho question . as to whotlior sho has beon tho loser ; whother hor security has not, in all coses, been amplo, aud her. incomo materially incroased. Invostment of monoy by life-insurance companies, I understand, shounld o as pormanant s possiblo, and as (s ss pos- siblo; both of which considorations dopond uot moraupon thovalue of property in New York than throughout the cntire country. All real-oalato yalues depend eithor upon oceupation, product, or the domand for product ; aud, if onoor tho other fail here, it must, sooner ‘or Inter, affect valuos there, from the nntural lnw of cause aud offact,—Now York being simply the balatices sheot of the country's business, The L?lenturu of that Btate passcs a resolu- tion condemning inflation, and its Governor strongly approves of Exccutive intorfercuce in the proposod action of Congross,—ull of which may bo porfootly right and desirablo; but lok it first muko u law which shall unlock the vaults of the insuranco companies, and_give to thom tho privilego of seeking thoir investmonts whero thoro is the groatest need for monoy, aud whoro the socurity is, in every souse, amplo; and the main object of its resolution will have boon mot. Inflation will naturally be opposcd, and resump- tion advocated, whore mouoy is worth 4 per cont. on call and 6 per cont on timo-loans; but tho roverse of this will follow where 10 por cont is paid to establish improvements or Lranuact busi- xlom‘i] on the oxistouco of whick roul values de- pond. ¢ Thise New York State insuranco lnw s nttorly opposad to one of tho fundamental privciples of our country’s well hnlnfi : reciprovity, It cro- atos vaoun Lioro, aud bursts moucy-bags thoro, It ju, in o great measuro, responsible for tho difforence in tho rates of intorest botweon the East and West. 1t iy a fact worthy of noto that moro than throo times tho amount of monoy, concorning the issuo or non-issuo of which the country is couvulsed, business stagnaunt, and vast ontorprisea dolayed, is hold by the lifo-in- suranco companies of New York alono, When that State sball permit hor compauies to obtain for their mopoy what it is logally worth, regard- Toss of location, whils the scourity, based on in- tringio valuos, and also on the country's woalth and progress, is unquestionable, one grout stop toward resumption will have beon taken, Ouzoaco, April 18, 1874, W.0.C poiamean iy LOVE-FLOWERS. Oh! who was watching whon Lovo came by, ‘When Love camo bero fu tho glad wpring bours? “The scarf was torn from his laughing eye, And e wore instead a wreath of toword, “Tho wroath of flowors his head went round, And about liis oyes, us the searf had beeny But in vain the flowery baud was Lound, For ho peeped tho towers and luaves bobwoen, Tio wore na quivor, ba bore 1o bow, And innocont lodked 58 # biinded boy 3 With flowers about hiim, ubove, below, Tl spielt Lo seomed of spripg and Joy, oLE, But hore and thoro ho lot fall flower, ‘The crucl, tho right litile biinded god; Aud watching, I euw thut hour by lour Theso blooms took root i the green spriog sod, And whoso I)Illlnkl the flowers that grow From the bloows Lave flung from his wreatha above, Tli?l“ o I\ififl{e:fgfifirl‘lmflf.‘flgflbl&‘l 1lioy ;hiflw. szt sha o ok it 1o aaduory ofLov = W, Dourdillor h THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, APRII, 18, 1874, e et e e e e e e e s e ——————————————ta et e e - LITERATURE., Flusbnnds nnid Wivess FETTERED FOR LIFL: on, Tonp anp MisTent A Brony or To-DAY, 1y LiLtin Devingux Biaie, Anthor of “ Southwold," cto,” 13m,, pp, 307, Now Yorl : heldon & Co, 5 Marringo I8 not 60 invarmbly tho rulo as it used lo bo, tho statistics inform us, It would seom, from a casusl obeorvation, that weddinga nro a8 froquent aud familiod as numerous, in proportion to tho inkiabitants, as it was Intended thoy should bo when, in tho boginning, God founded the human race, and * Malo and fomalo croatod Ho thom."” Tho luxurious habits whiok aro apt to keop pace with & people'a prospority, and in this ago, and espocially in this country, liavo & frightful tondency to outstrip prospority, haviog mado tho support of a homo to the lnat dogroo onorous, havo somowhat doorersed tho ratio of marriagos : and yet, what o multitude of mon—nn ovorwhelming majority—anuually as- Bumo tho obligation, and suatain it to the ond of their lives, ~pationtly, choorfuily, willingly, though it dally tnske to tho uttormost every ono of their powera. £ Each man, ns ho goes to the altar and pledges tho maritnl vow, knowa full well he is to bo fottored for life;” bound to an unonding sor- vico of musclo or mind, to provide for the wife at his sido and tho children that sro to come. And still the groat bulk of mankind are not do- terred. Thoro is in man's nnture alove for wom- an, » desire for hor companionship, an instinet to chorigh, honor, and sorve her, which loads Lhim to scok somo one fromamong them to whom ho may congcorato tho best of himself, for whom homay toil oarly and lato, to whom he may give tho honor of his name, the sholter of his homo, and all tho comforts he oan command; and who shall, in turn, rownrd him a8 tho wifo of his bosom, the mistress of his houschold, and tho motbor of his children. And how honorably, how generonsly, in tho aggregato, ho sustaios Lis solf-imposed respon- ribilities, How soldom wo hear a murmmr, though overy norve is strained without relnxa- tion to secure tho necossaries, tho luxuries, ex- pooted and required by the loved ones ho hos sworn to maintsin, How soldom thero is o thought of shirking, of negleoting the duties undortaken, Thero is much incapacity among men, a8 there is among women, Many rashly shouldor a burden they aro not compotent to carry, and many aro taxed boyond endursuco by tho exac- tious of " the thoughtless and solfieh do- pondont upon thom. Some there are, too, who aro recroant and faithloes, But, amid men's manifold trials, their temptutions, their Lack- slidings, their absoluto delinquencics, Low nobly, a8 a whole, thoy adhoro to their u‘lnginucn K) wifo and childran, ‘I'ho gpontancona remark of Abralinm Lincoln, when tho news was brought to him of his elec- tion to tho Tresidency of the United States, ‘“Thero i3 a littlo woman nt home who will bo nterested to know this," was but an oxpression of the univorsal feeling provailing among men. In every evout and emergency of consequence, tho quick thought in overy husband's Lieart is of *the littlo woman at homa" who will be affected by it. Sho may bo weak, and idle, and selflsh, and fall to keep his buttons on nud to provide him a wholosone dinner; but sho is his to love, and protect, and care for ; and the whole chivalr of his naturs is aroused and onlisted in the ful- fillment of his vow to lier. But thia 18 not quite tho moral Mra. Blnke would have us draw from her novel, *‘Fottorod for Lifo; or, Lord and Master,” Indood, it is oxnctly the roverse, Sho las gathorad together there, na fair ropresontatives of their sex, a col- Iection of lusbands and fathers who are invan- ably coarse, natrrow-minded, brata), and dos- polic; and a corresponding numbor of wives and mothera who aro sweot and lovely, submissive aud broken-hoarted. Examples may ensily bo found, no doubt, of ugly husbands and down- troddon wivos; but thoy aro by no meaus so common among decent peoplo 88 to warrant a whole boolt being crowded with them, and then offored us as a proof that womaun, in the exist- ing marriage-rolation, is the slave of man. A couple or two of such inatances might answer, in ablo hands, to point a moral or adorn o talo; but & lordo of them outirely -defents the purs pose. No one of average oxperience in roapee- tatlo circles cau allow that thi i o just putting of tho case. When domestio dissensions oceur, and the Liappincas of married life 18 wreckod, tho causo of thie tronble lics as often on the onoslde s tho othor, The real tyrant aud wrong-door is a8 liltely to bo of the feminine ns of the mascu- linogender, Nor will the argumonts of Mrs, Blake convinco tho candid ronder that the ballot is the only thing noedtul to settle voxed social probloms, Lo make this world an Edou, and to ushor in tho Millennium. 'Tho Asgortio) Our yory woman- hood is a reproach to us,"” is a violation of the tenth, thnt provokes resontment instoad’of_sym- pathy, True womanhood 18 not & roproach, but an honor, in the sight of sll mankind, ‘Thero is notaman €0 base 88 not to respect aud rov- eronce i pure, good woman, wherever he secs bor, His experionce may make him discredit her existenco; but once convince him, and Lo is rendy to offer her the tributo of an honest ad- miration, Thoroe is no fact of which cvery wor- thy woman roceives.such continual evic {:co, Again : Mrs. Blako puts in the mouth of her horoine thia declaration regarding the «ompara- tive virlues of man and womau: ‘ She i8 not 80 strong, of courss; but sho is purer and bot- tor.,” Iy sho inherently purer and better? Thore nro a8 pura and good moen on this earth to-dny as thoro oro women, Not s many, un- questionably. Thoir grouter exposure to tomp- tation, their rudor pursuits in lifo, their closer contact with vice of every form, causo moro fro- quent stains to smirch their souls, as tho war- riors who have been in tho hottest of tho fight bear tho most scars and wounds on _thoir por- sons, But send womon out, from their chill- hood, into the paths their brothers aro forced to travel, and how much largor & proportion will arrivo at tho end of the route with clean bauds and pproe hearts ? 3 . Wo sometimes soo on our streets—to cito o casoin point—a littlo girl pedaling nowspapers. Is thoro any goodness Innato in hor sex which presorves hor purity and rofinemont? Her faco 18 a8 coArse, hor mannor as rough, and her prin- ciples as looso, juding from sbpostances, as aro the nowsboy's. Wo must not loso eight of tho fact thats men and women aro both bora of womnn, and that tho ono is as apt as the other to inhorit the mother's mentai and moral quali- ties. Itis to the immonso differonco in their training that we must refer, in groat part, tho ultimate differonco in their character, Whon the prayer nscends to Ienven, * Lead us not into temptation,” evody woman should thanlk- fuily realize how much more fully it will be answorod in her caso than in fier brother's, and how much the sauctity of hor sox isowing to the circumstance, Onco moro: One of tho mock-browed women in “The Fettered Lifo,"” who has not digrity and golf-rospect cuough to teuch nn unmanly hus- band hor rights aud Lis dutios, cxelaims, in wonk donpair: ¢ It socued to mo ns if I bad i pacity for something boyoud domestio drudgory Thora ax o world of men, au well as of womon, who feel that thoy hiave n capacity for somothing Doyond tho drudgory euforced upon_ thom, ] who still go uncomplainingly on, toiling at the tauk nppointed,—over the spade, in front of the auvil, bohind the countor, m the shop, in tho Kitehon, in tho sehaol-room,—wherover it may bo. ‘Thero is littlo choico in'tha various sorts of drudgory to be dono for o Hving, It is not much ensier to pilo brick, hoo tho ground, oast ac- counts, write sormons, manage buslnoss and bear its responsibilitics, thuit to bake, aud sow, anu wash, oud sweep, and watch over tho chil- rou. ‘Tako the mnss of nien and women in our coun~ try, and the Inttor_have, gonorully, tha less bur- doned lot in life, Husbunds, as a'rule, oxpact to worlk ull day and every day, with no leisure for cultivating their minds or indulging thoir es- thatio tastes, Why should thewr wives bo un- willing to do tho same 7 But marriago, with too many women, moans partnership in sponding moroly, not in working ; and this ls tho chiof reason thero is 80 much rostlossnoss and discon- luut' among them, Whon & frivolous danghtor of fashion, like Mra, Bluke's " Flora," deliberatoly marrlos mnn whom sho docs not lovopfor wealth and osition, docs any ona feol that hor cry for o ballot has m:{ particular foreo, or that sho would malo s holy use of the snffrage if she hind When womon sell thomsolvos, wonld thoy not sell their votos? And whon Mrs. Moulder, the moelt-browed woman alluded to” above, allows her son habltuatly to domincor over his sistors,—thoreby training him to tyran- nizo over n wifo, as his fathor has tyraunized ovor nis mothor,—doas any ono feol that sho who hus so grossly fnlled to rulo falrly over hor hiousehiold would administer justico in {Im Biate ? Tho country 18 quito as safo withont tho politi- cal Influence of such womon as it would bo with it. ut we do not mean to argue n%nln!t Woms un's sufltago ; meroly to indicato how puorile Liave boon Mrs, Blako's offorts, in this novel, to suntuin the quostion. I'hore is a_pasuugo or two in one of the lec- turas of the Rov, Fredoriok W, ltobortson, which, g & portinont conolusion to theso romarks, we would asks poth the adliczonty aud the opponente of woman's right to the ballot, and of ensy dl- yorce laws, to read and pondor ¢ ¥ Jtscoma to mo that falag notious respecting libord nre slrangely common. Tooplotalk of lberty au If ft moant the Ifbarty of doing what » man likes, Tho only Hiberty that & man, wortls the name of » nian, ought to ask for fa to layo all restrictions, inward and ot~ wardy romoved which provent lis dolug what lie ought, T call' tunt, mmt froo who I master of hla lower appotites ; who is ablo to rnlo himself, T eall Lim £roo wito has his flesl in_subjoction {0 Lis apirit ; ho fears dofug wrong, but who fonrs nojther man nor dovil boeldes, I think that man freo who has loarnt “tho moat blesscd of all triths: that iborty “conalats in obedience to {lo powor, and to ho will, and to tho Iaw that his ligher moul ' rovoroncos amd _ SPprovOL. . . 4 Wa liear fn thess days a groat dosl rospecting Right thio right of privato judgment, tho rights of labo the righita of property, and tho Fights of mon, Righis aro grand thiugs, divine things, in this world of Gods + but tho way in which we oxpound thoso rights, alsa scoms to mo to bo the very Jucarnation of selfisinoss, 1 caul o nothing vory nablo in 6 man who fa foraver golug abont calling or lita own righs, Alnal aloal for tho man_who feols nothing moro grand in this Wondrous, Divino world than his own rightl . o . Twa thousnud years: sgo, thioro was Ono licro on thia eurth who lived tho graudoat life that evor hns boen livod yot,—a lifo that ovory thinking mon, with deopor or ahillowor meaning, has agreed (o call Divino, I read Hlttlo renpecting Hin Rights, or of 1fis claim to Ttighta; but I hova rend a great deal_respoctiug 1l Dutles.’ Evory act ho called n Duty, I road vory Jitlo in that 1ifo reapocting ITis Rights; but I hear 'a vast deal respacting T1ia Wrongs,—wrongs infinito,—wrongs borno with » najestlc, Gaaliko silonce. I roward 7 1ila roward yras th roward that God glves fo all i truo and noblo onea: to Lo castout in his dsy and fonoration, and » Hfe-conforring dosth st last, Those ‘woro 1iia Kights | Military Blographys EBSAYS IN MILITARY DIOGRATLY. By Omanrea ConnwaxLs CiesnEy, Colonal In tho Britlsh Army aud Licutonant-Colonel fu-tho Royal Engincors, 11 mo,, pp. 308, Now York: Heury ifolt & Co. It iswoll worth any one's while to road this collaction of essnys, it for no othor purposo than to enjoy the maguanimous spirit of tho writer. It 18 6o soldom that wo fiud o high order of tal- ont brondened and deopened by culture, and wodded to o soul of oquity, eandor, and voraci- ty. When wedo moot tho marvel, the finest qualitics of our naturo are oxcitod to onthusi- asm, It isn rovelation of tho divinity in mon, only less inspiring aud onnoblivg than a rovela« tion of Divinity itsolf, Tho firat four ossays, ocenpying onc-half tho volumo, rolate to tho recont Civil War in Amorica ; and evory reader, North and South, capable of a gonorous emotion, will feel an im- pulse to take the Liand of the writer and thank bim gratefully for the falr, kind and true words ho bina apoken of overy incident connect- ed with our terrible #trifo which ko has alluded to. Coming from au Englishman, this ungrudg- ing justico touchos us moro noarly thon if it sprang from tho ropresentative of any othor raco. Wo can moro cordially love and hate the mothor-nation thau any pooplo on the faco of the earth, Disputo it aa wo may, wo focl the tio of blood that unitcs us; wo recoguizo the likoness there is Letwoon us; wo sacknowl- odgoe our inheritanee of character aud languago; and it cuts us to meot with wrong, injustico, misundorstanding, from thoso go nonr of kin, from whom wo Linve a right to cxpect tho appros cintion and friondship 1hat naturally grow out of consanguinity. Thus it gratifics us more than any other praise to have a groat-souled Englishman, with capacity largo enough to take in our motives and circumstances, and transac- tlons, pronounce upon them with indisputablo impartiality. T'ho subjects of the four essaysin question are : Tho Military }ifo of Gon, Grunt ; A Momoir of Gon. Leo: Admirals Farragut and Portor and tho Navy of the Union ; aud A Northern Raidor in the Civil War (Ulrich Dahlgren). TFamilinr as wo_may be, from curront NoWspApOr-nccounts and subsequent histories, with tho whole course of tha \War, and with the conduoct of the ofticers and soldiory, we can scarcely know so much, or havo such brond and exact views of the gigantic nature of the one, and of the extraordinary ho- roism and bravery of the other, a8 not to be in- structed by the testimony of tlicse essays. They will help the reader, abovo all, to Iny nside tho lagt romnant of political bias and partisan projudico, and rogard_ tho armies, rank and file, engaged on either side of the lato tromendous conflict, with a full meugure of horror and ad- miration. To Gen, Grant as to Gen., Loo, to Admirals Farragut and Dorter, to ench individual officer distinguished under their “command, and to tho body of troops thoy 'led on land and sea, Col. Clicanoy doos amplo and rofinad ustico, 1o hns studiod’the management of the War by Unionists and Confodorates with serupuloua care; and bis military trainmg, and liberal, dispassionate mind, give his opinions tho highest authority. Whon, thereforo, theso opinious are warmly favorable to the ability and ofticionoy of tho jmprovised armies who foufilxe 80 tonnclously and so heroic- ally in both sections of our divided counu-j" the American citizen has causo to bo proud and glad of tho commendation. In a couple of csuays, entitlod * Dr, Fezensnc's Recollections of the Grand Army,"” and * Henry Vou Brandt, & Gorman Soldier of the Firat Em- pire,” Col. Uhgsnoy roviows tho military genius and system of Nopoloon. This {8 n subjoct, bo- youd all others, most dificult for an English- man to treat with fairness. Lot us seo iu what sfiirit tho writer appronches it. Fully aware of the dolicate task lie bua undertaken, he outlines in the beginning the mothod by which he will bo governad: 8 “This It 10 loy nelde, ns far a8 may bo, oll propos- seeglon for or agniunt the man, nnd look only at what the General did, Take nothiug' for granted {n whnt, after oll, are mero matters of evidenco and fact.” Ace cept uo one-sided statement from any natioual histor o, who rojects what is distasteful to his suthoritios, and uscs only what suits his own theory, Bcliove nof that any man ever lived who, in 80 dark and uncertain o sclonco as wor, hiad tho gify of infalilbility, Gather carofally from aclusl witnecees, high and low, such arlginal materinl 88 thoy offer for tho construction of tho narrative, Thia onco beinganfoly formed, judgocrit ically and eahnly what was' tho conduct of tho chief actor ; how far bis fnsight, calmucas, porsonal control over others, nnd right eo 0f Lis meruy, Were concern- ed in the result, We many trust the writer who has so exalted a notion 6f the duty of tho critic and historian, nnd especially aftor the evidenco in tho preced- ing esdnys of how rigidly he holds himself to it. HE! calm, judicial benriug is resistiess, overcom- mg_inclination aud projudice. Waltor Scott made in the end more friends than onemics for Napoleon, in ns outragoously-unfair biugfl\fmy‘ agginst which overy genorons heart rovolted. Col. Chesucy's ossays will not make encinios for tho greatost soldier of modorn timnes, but they will dissipate somewhat of tho illusion that blinds his ardent admirers. Tho horo totters on his throne, but doos not fall. Is anything more ninful than to soo an idol tromble on tho pedes- ?nl wherowe hayo sotit? ‘The ossnys on Napo- leon havo & particular force at the present timo, a4 they ehow cloarly tho defects in his military organization,” which, perpotuated, cauged tho same failure of the French arms in the lute con- test with Germany as In tho days of the First TEmpiro. Thie romaining essays in the volume iilustrate the careor of Lord Cornwallis in tho Indian PublioBervico; of A Carolina Loyaliet in the Revolutionary War ; of Ohinsso Gordou‘ whato brillisut military goniue quelled the l‘m{n} I Rotellion; andof Bir William Qorden, of Gor- don's Battery, which did such splendid work in tho War of tho Crimea. The lust-mentionod officor was & grand spocimen of tho Chiristian soldier. Ho was tho solon of & noble house and hoir of & great estato; but ho choso to spend his lifo in o laborious prcfeseion. Hore he was natod for his extraordinary physical powers; intropid courage, stondy appliestion to worlk, aud intogrity of charnoter. It is enid of him thnt, **Aftor returning from-a run of twelvo miles, dona within two hours, ho wonld go straight to his bigh desk, without a mo- mout's intormission, and fall to work (mak- ing drawings) with o steady hand, in tho standing attitude whiok he invariably used.” In tho performanco of his dutics during tho sloge of Sovastopol, “'lis Imlg—&)rnmcud endurance en- abled him to do without difiiculty far more than any other man would havo attompted, in tho way of ‘personal supervision of the worka as thoy wenb on unceasingly ; and, durlug one bombardment, it is roported of him thut ho never sut down to tuko n moal for throo duys aud throo nights, and, at its oloso, wne soon etill walking along the tronches, sound nsleep, though rofusing himsolf rost.,” An army commandod by such Genorals may woll bo rolled upon by tho” Govornmont 8s almont invineible. Scientific Educntion. TIE CULTURE DEMANDED BY MODERN LIFE, Now York, D, Appleton & Co, This book ig, as its title-pago tolls us, a sorios of Addrosses and Arguments on tho Claimm of Boiontiflo Education, by Profa. ‘I'yndall, Huxloy, Whowell, Farraday, Drapor, Doborgan; Dra. Bornard, Carpontor, Hooker ; Herbort Spencor, Mr. Mill, and others; with an introduction, on Mental Discipline in Education, by E, L. You- mans, tho editor,—tho lattor being a gonoral dlscussion of the claims of eoientifio education as comparod with the traditional college ourrieu- fum, so able that wo demur to the disclalmor of fituosa for the work that appoard in the proface. 1t s not our purposo to roview this book, whioh hag boon befora the publio for six yonrs and is well known, but to call atteution to the faob (hat the moed for this and mimilar works atill oxists, which is a matter for regrot; though thore Is oncouragomont In tho thought that thoro {s suffiolent do- mand for thom to warrant a roprint of this ono. ‘Whatover rany bo eatd for or against the disci< plinary valuo of mathomatics aud the Inngunges a4 compared with sclence-tenching,—n disoussion wo will not ontor upon,—no ono will dony that our oducational problom fa far from bolng solvoa, and that, with ite prosont condition, much foult muy ropsonably bo found, : Tho mothuds in uso are arbitrary and un- natural. Tho eolf-teaching of the child, beglu- ning wo caunot woll say Low soon, {s carried on through tho modiumn of the sonses, Tho power of obseryation apponrs; the judgmont is rap- idiy educatod In welghing evidonco givon by tho gonses, in approcinting likencssos nud diffor- onces of form, of apponranco, of woight, Both the indiwtive and_doductivo mothods aro em- Eloyed, although Bacon snd Bucklo aro un- uown ; aud tho amount of objective knowledge ained in the firat soven yoars of tho ohild's lifa s somothing wondorful, {f wo would but think of it. Noithor the nsxt nor auy succooding soven, if apont in the schools, will show rosults that are to bo compared with It, cithor in tho sum of information gained, or tho tenncity with which it is hold. " This rate of increnso could not, of course, bo kept up under any sys- tom, any more ithan \tho xapidity of physical growth could bo maintained; but what the re- sults of s pursuanco of a patural system might be, we do not know,—for an ontiroly difforent ono awaita tho obild whon ho {s takon from his golf-tonching and put into the schools. The ormnming process thon begina ; the acoumula- tion of words,—mere words often, as worthloss to him, thon and over after, a8 is tho misor's hoarded Fold, for ho does not use them. No moro of the eagornoss of discovery, tho interost of oxporimont, tho oxcltemont of acquisition, the exorcise of observation, or the power of making inferoncoa; but, with a rostricted play of all the faculties but that of memory, the of- forts sro persistont to convert him into a machine for tho acccumulation of words, somotimes, thongh not always, the symbols of ideas, put in the form of dogmatio statomonts, Ho is taught by implication, If not dircctly, that tho ipso-dixit of the mastor or tho toxt-book is sufilciont suthority for bim, If, upplying hia old, famillne processes to the mnow questions, ho demanda somo bettor ovidonco, or seoks tho roasons why, ke is snubbed. Does thisread like an over- statoment ? ‘Tho following is tho recent uttor- anco of one who profosses to sponk by suthority, whoso namo will bo familiar to many as that of tho most erudite and brilliant of modern Cam- bridge mathomaticiana: Mr, Todhuntor, him- solf an lustructor. Bpenking of thouse of ex- periments in connection with tho toaching of Pphysical scionco in schiools, hio says : It:may be sald that the fact makes o _stronger «im- presafon on the boy through the medium of his sight ; that hio belloves it more coulidontly, Isny that thiv: ought not 1o bo thio caso, 1f hie doea not bellove tho statementa of bis tutor,—probnblya clorgyman of mature knowledge, recognized_2bility, ond blancloss character,—lis suspicion {8 frrationnl, nnd menifosts the want of a power of appreciating ovidence,—b want that will bo fatal to his nccess, T8 the apirit which this sort of training would dovelop suited to tho requiroments of modern lifo? Is boy and man togo on sccopting the statemonts of clorgymen of matured Imowledgo and blamoless charactor, witbout question, to thooud ? But comment is suporfluous, Wo do not, howovr, wish to bo undorstood nsimplying that tenchers are wholly, or even chietly, respon- siblo for tho dofocts in'tho prosent mothods of instruction. _Influonced, ns, of courso, thoy musk be, in soma dogree, by the effect of such train- ing upon thomsolves, there are atill many among thom who desiro bottor things. But thoy, liko oditors, preachors, and sll others upon whom falls in'any considorable dogroe the function of tho teacher, musat, if they would succeed, givo sbout tho kind of instruction that is call- od for. fndoed, usofuluoss, =s well ns success, doponds upon & cortain deprec of conformity, in tho wriling, tho pronching, aud tho toaching, to tho standard by which tho patrons mako thieir measuroments, Wo havo the testimony of many of the best teachers that the most formidablo obstacle in the way of prog- reus iatho stolid persistoncy with which tho majonty of parents adhers to the mothods of thoir childhood. If tho child is not rushed througl tho texti-book at about & givon rate of speed, he will be transferred to & school whero he will * learn something ;" or, if the schools are controllod by the paronts,’ directly or indi- reatly, tho toachor will probably bo permitted to put his now-fangled theorios into practice olso- whoro. ‘Ihat ihis Lostimony i truthful, wo have no doubt. When tho necesgity for bottor moth- ods is gonorally understood, and they are do- manded, then, aud not until then, will they be dovised and put into practice, Therefore are we glad that & roprint of this oxcollent cownpo- sition is warrautod, and hope that the domand will continue until it finds its way iuto the hands of overy parout who cau rend it undorstand- ingly. fi\’;x havo for some timo beon wanting to allude —and_probably no better opportunity will offor —to the valuable labors of tho cditor of thia work. Nono have wrought moro earnestly, aud fow to such good purpose. To Education, using thoword in-its largost sonse, lus life bas beon devoted, As a scientifio author and lecturer ho i widely known; but the heaviest and most val- uable part of his work hina been of a naturo tHat has added but little to the spread of his fame. That portion of the reading public of this coun~ try who to-day have an awakoned intorest in tho varjous bypothosas of tho doyelopmont of Iife, of intelligonco, of socioty, of religion, of mo- rality, that aro grouped under the gencric namo of Evolution, will probably never know the mag- nitude of tho debt which they owe to the enorgy, the enthusiasm, tho self-sacriflelng zenl of Prof. Youmans, o hos urged tho clnims of Science upon the publio and wpon publishers without coasing; and has dono a gront dual of geatuitous work to iusuro the appearance of books that ho thought caleulated {o fostor tho gorms of wciontific thinking. To him more than any other—we came noar saying thau to all othors—do wo owe tho introduction of tho writings of Herbort Spencer to our readers and thinkors, at u timo when, iu England, his name was well nigh unknown, It was Youmans who rallied tho admirers of this profound thinker to his support, ot that critical moment when it seomed that the dovolopment of his Bystom must bo arrosted almost at tho outsot, 88 indoed it would haye beeu but for the moral and materiul aid which America gavo him. 'Fhe plan of tho Intornational Sciontific Sortes originated with Prof. Youmans, aud ha put it into oxeontlon. While nono would supposo that puch a schome could be innugurated withont warl, few would imnnagine how great tho obstacles that wero to bo overcome. ‘T'he indifferonce of the moro prominout_ eoiontitlo authors, whose names must be had to float the plan; the difficulty in finding tho right man, and avoiding tho [wrong man, for a givon work ; tho conso- quent jenlousies of tho lessor lumiumeu; the genoral and innato British distrust of Bvurg- thing from Amerien,—had =1l to bo oncountered ; and, at the last, tho hostility of English pub- lishors was such, that, after cight months' hard work, tho I'rofessor’s bost frionds wagged thoir hends, aud told him that ho had best give it up and go home. DBut ko did not; ke persevered; tho Serios waa fairly launched. and has proved in overy way euccossful. Iis atmi. ir told, would mako an intoresting pagoe in the history of Intorpationnl Ethics. No ordinary obstncles atand bofore the pluck, tho tact, the boundless enthueinsm, and personal imngnotism of this Paul of tho New Gospol, whose mission it i, no losa thnan *was his of ‘Iarsus, ‘‘to open tho oyos of Lhu'pnuplu, and turn thom from dwknesa to light." This chanco-comparison rominds us that, like Paul, Trof. Youmnus hns o thom in the flesh,” and the sume thorn, if Dr. John Brown's surmise bo correct, that Paul’s was, an infirmity of the oyos; for tho Professor had lubored for yoars under a condition of sight that makes ronding snd wrlg- ing difioult, and at times precludes both for long poriods ; times whon worl hus only been mado posible by « sisterly devotion that we dare do 110 moro thian hiut at. It would scom that this ought to bave inculeated caution in regard to montal application; but, like so many of the ‘writors \\'Bn are ab pains to domonstrate to us tho laws of waste aud supply,—~wiho loso uo op- portunity to aflirm that mental labox, more than any othor, oxhausts tho physical powers and brings enrly decay,—ho sacuns to ignore the rigorous application of these laws to himsolf, and hat beon too prodigal with the substauco, the anpital of lifo, which fall to lie share. Wo'havo heard that ho has recently had to give_over work to some extent. Welopo, if thia bogo, that, atthe worat, it ia o warning OIL'!Y, protost from organs that havo boon dofrauded of thoir rightful rout and noryous food, for which he should perhaps bo thankful, Bottor 'that they rebol in season than go dumbly on, us sometimos they do, to guddon and hopeloss ruin, 1f the rumorof ill- houlth bo truo, it is, wae hopo, only ono of those boneficent broathing-spellstisat the phivsival mun fosiats upon taking, and in which tho mental mon may huve Limo to rofloot whother he hing not Doen forolng the pace toabiard, and coneldor It it would not be well to pull up ; for hislifois far too valuable to be flung away without stint, avon in tho canso of that Freodom and Truth to which it hias boon dediontod. The Kindergarten. LEOTURES ON THE NURSERY AND KINDER- CGARTEN, Uy Lrizanern ¥, Peavony, No, 1,— LDUCATION OF TiE KINDEROABTNEE, Puper, Philae delpntat 1, N, McKintoy & Qo, A worlon of logtures whitoh Alles Yeabody ads drossed, in the wintor of 1872-8, to the Normal clags in tralhing, by Miss Gorland, in Boston, ato roproduced in pamphlot-form for tho bonofit of theronding publio. The first number con- tatns & briof skoloh of Froobel, and of tho sys- tom of instruoting ohildron which originated with him, togothor with momo account of tho qualities and tralning roquisito for the Buccoss- ful kindorgartner, Miss Poabody Las, during a long life, boon nctivaly aud honorably sdentiflod with the cause of Education, For tho last six yonra sho hasde- votod her energios to tho introduction of Froo- Lol's mothod into the United States. Through horinfluonce n sohool for training kindergartuors L boon ostublishod in Boaton, which sonds out tonchora thoronghly preparad to inaugurato and practico tho syatem elaowhoro, By means of bor Imn nlao, Miss Poabody has labored assiduously o disseminato & knowledgo of the principles which underlio the kindergarten, and with such offcot that n vory goneral intorest has boon awakened in the subject, The Sentence-Mothod. MODEL FIRST MEADEL: Sentevor-Mernon, Dy J.Russest, Wrnp, Authior of ¢ Normal Renders, W Aualytical Firat, Heoond, and Third Readors," #Vord-Method," etc, Chicago: George Bhorwood & Co, Inthis littls book, Mr. Webb prosents a now aystomof teaching roading, which ho calls the Hontonco-Method, Itis an amplification of the Word-Mothod, which haa for somo time beon in uso, and ia to bo taught in o similar mannor. In tho Word-Mothod, tho child's sttontion is firsf called to tho meaning of a word, and then to the printed word which ropresents that meaning. Intho Bontonco-Mothod, hia attontion 18 first called to the thought, and then to the combinn~ tion of words which expross that thought. Itisa atop in adyance of tho Word-Method, but ina dirgetion whiol tho author dooms fs in harmony with tho leading of Nature, Tho toacher who practices this systom will neod to bo oxpott in giving objaot-lossona, Juat how much advantago it posdosses ovor thoso niready approved can only be decided by the in- iztmcu;: and pupil; and in their bands wo oave it. Tho book is coplously illustrated with colorod onpravings, which will prove.s pleasant foatura in tho eyea of tho children: . Noolks Moceiveds DESPERATE REMEDIES: A Noven, By Trnomas Hanpy, Author of A Palr of Blue Eyes, otc, Leisurc-Hour Scries. New York: Honry Holt & Co, A _POPULAR KEY TO THE DIRDS, REPTILES, BATRACHIANS, AND FISHES OF THE UNITED BTATES EAST OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER, By Prof, Davip 8, Jonvox, M, 8, aud BaLroun VAN Vieox, Applcton, Wis, gt LEGAL PUBLICATIONS, Chiltty oun Contracts. A TREATISE ON THE LAY OF CONTRACTS, AND UPON THE DEFENSES TO ACTIONS TUERE- ON. Dy Joseri Currry, Esq, Niuth English Edie tlon: by Joun AnoimmaLp Russkrnr, Esq., LLD, Eloventh Ametican Rditlons by J, 0, Pzntis LLD, In Two Volumes, Hurd & Houglton, Clmbrldfln, Mass, 1874, Chicego : Callaghan & Co, ‘The title of this work, s given by Mr. Ohitty, was, *“A Trontiso on the Law ot Contracts Not Under Seal ;" and as such it was as complete and comprehonsivo as it could be made. It did not cover the Law of Covenants and Bpgcialties, or pealed contraots of any kind., Mr, Porkins dropa the important words ‘‘not under aoal," and loaves us to supposo the work is now issued as & complote work on Contracts, whether under senl or not, which it cortainly would not bo. He also masorls a chnptor on * Covenants Running with the Land,” which is not germane to the original objeot or scope of tho work, and which lenves tho subject of Covenants and Spocinities not running with land entirely undiscuseed, though the title of the work a8 nmended calls for such discussion. In this respect, tho editor's work is not in good tasto, Ho either onght to have mnde the worl complate on both classes of Contracts, or to have left its title to describo exactly tho scope of tho work, Ono hundred sud nincty pagos of this worls are ocoupied with tho tablo of cnses cited, which, if published in a soparato volume, and chargod for pro rata, would not bo bought by ono Iawyor in o hundrod, Is it not tima that the pub- lications of such tablos of cnses woro discontin- ued? Thoy are 8o much waste bulls, holpful on- 1y to ewoll tho price of law-books, which are suf- &:Innt!y costly alrondy. Chittv's works, on whatever topio of the law, were tho firat of their kind when jssued, in con- doneation uncqualod, in mothod and exhaustive- ness puperb. Tho notes to tho prosont edition supplement the toxt, 8o as to uuplply the later and Amorican decisions satisfactorily, whe presont edition of OChitty will naturally compote ag a toxt-book for students and lnwyers with Parsons on Contracts, In style, Chitly ig superior, Ho is always compact and nfl:nr, mak- ing bis statomont of tho law o briof history of tho cases in which it has been decided, instead of moroly stating the law and referring to the cases.” Parsons 18 mado slovenly in arrangement by tho fact that, in lator oditions, longthy chap- tora havo been insertod on topics which had already beon _treated bricfly; and both the ear- lior brief and the Iator enlarged chaptors are preserved,—thus repeating and disarranging tha mattor. Parsons also leaves some questions in doubt which the authoritics mako clear; and, in somo instaucos, states very positively as law matters on which a8 many decisions hinve beon rondored againet as for his views. Btill, Par- sons' special chapter on cortain modern topica, s Fire, Maring, aud Life-Tusuranco, and Shipping, auvd Partnorship, are vor practical, supplyibg the ~student witl brief treatises on ench of those specialties, which wo mies in Chitty, who deals strictly with the olomonts pertaining to contunots in gonoral, rather than to those arising in particular phases of business, Tho two volumes of Ohitty about equel, in quantity of matter, the three of Par- song, and ars boautifully printed and bound. Tnw Directory. MARTINDALE'S UNITED STATES LAW-DIREC- TORY FOR 1874: CONTAINING Tt NAMES OF ONE on Mong or TiE MosT NELIAULE Law-FInams 1x LACH OF THE PRINOIPAL CITIES AND TOWNS OF TiE Usien BIaTES AND OANADA; alfo, on Exionsivo Digest of the Gommercial Laws of Each of the States and Territories and Canada, with Times of Holdlog Courls; tho Dankrupt Law in Full, with All the Forma and Rulos of Court: also, s Complete List of All tho Money-Order Post-Ofiices in tho Unifed Statos. Dy James B MARTINDALE, Counsolor-ate ZLaw, Indfunopolis, Ind, Published by J, B, Martiue dulo'& Co,, Managers of the Westorn Law and Col Icetion Association, 1874, This book, like othors of its olaes, is part of the machinery and advertising medium of an agsociation of lawyors for mutual co-operation in collecting dobts, If it advertises well the lawyora who act as agonts of tho nssociation, it sorves its purpose, Theso lawyors aro as liz- ble to be tho best as the worst to whom bills could bo sont for collection. TIts digosts of the commorcin! laws of the various States are doubt- less of value, though, in perusing tho digest of commerelal law for Ilino 8, wo flud no allusion mnde to tha peculiar statutes and decisions un- dor which the law merchant, concerning the pro- test and Hability of indorsers of promiesory- notea, Liag hero beon suparseded, and a wholly difforont sot of rulos substitnted. Thoss pointa would desorve a prominent place in any digest of tho commorelal laws of Iilinois, Withrow’s Corporntion Cascs, THE AMERICAN CORPORATION CASES : EMBRAG ING Titk: DECISIONS OF THE SUPIEMX COUNT 0¥ TiR UNITED STATES, TIE CinourT COURTO OF THE UNIT= ¥D Srates, AND Tiz COURTS OF LAST REsont 1N TUE BEVERAL STATES, AINOE JAN. 1, 1803, ov Qurs- TIONS PEOULIAR TO Tk LAW Ov'CONFORATIONS, Edited by TroxMas ¥, Wrrunow, late Reporter of the Bupremo Qourt of Towa, Vol, IL—MUNIOIPAL Convonarions, Oblesgo: B, B, Myers, law-book publisher, 1874, The objeot of this saeries is to enable lawyera desiring to possoss all the corporation casos de- oided einco 1808, to got thom without purchasing tho mauifold volumes of Btato und Natioual Ro- ports in which thoy are containod, The great importanco of being posted ou, and in posscssion of, all tho casos yet decided on questious of cor- poration low, will rendor these volumes indis- pensable to lnwyers having much practice in cor- poration cnsos, BiswolPu Reports, Volumo 2. CABES ARGUED AND DETERMINED IN THE OIROUIT AND DISTRICT COUNTS OF THH UNITED SUATES FOR THE SEVENTI JUDI- OIAL CIRCUIT, By Jostau H, DissELL, of the Obl- cogo nu{h.,\'ol. v—1807-1871, ' Obicago: Cullagtian . & 0o, 14T, ‘[his volume includes valuablo opinions upon the cluss of casos, of which tho United States Olroult Court haa jurisdiotion, by Juatice David Davls, and by Judges Drummond, Milior, Treat, MoDonald, Gresham, Blodgett, and Hopkius, They relate quite miscellancously to Bankruptoy, Rovonuo onses, Admiralty, aud Patents, with some of & worely gonoral character, and ouly brought in this Oourt booausa the paries wore souidouts of differony Riatow, Ar. Dlosoll bay boen criticlacd severely by Eastorn Iaw-revicws for inoluding a large number of charges to ju- rlon among these judicial opinions, This prage tlco would doubtloss soem more roprohensiblo to oritica rosiding in Blatos whero tho chargen of Judgos to jurlos are oral and extomporanoous, than hero, whoro those chargos aro, in soma onson, a8 carotully writton out e judlelal opine 1ons themsolves, Btill, ovon horo, tlioy arc among tho hurried incidonts of a hh\, and wo ques. tlon whather it is i1lmt to Iny thom befors tho profossion as of the same woight with opinions rendorod on legal points that hova bocn rat fully argued, and upon which the opinions are formod and anrousml with maturo delibora. tlon, r. Blssoll has supplomented many of tho cagos with n brief nolo of casos boaring on - tho same point, which will add to tholr valuo, Wendling’s Indox. AN ALPIABETIOAL INDEX, Smowma 1y TATALLEL REPENENORS, THE SKVERAL OARRA IN THE ILLINOIR REPONTS BUDSEQUENTLY REVisEn MoDIPIED, EXTLAINED, APTROVED, OB MAIN- TANED DY TR Burneae Count ov ILtiNOI: from Dracso to Fifty-sovonth Yolumo (Inclusivo) of the Noports, By Gronax I, WENDLING, 268 DD, 8¥0, Chicago: E. B, Mycrs, 1874.% By this indox, tho lawyer can Immodiately compare any given decision of the Buprome Court of Tilinois with all other declsions of tho samo Court boaring on the same point. It is ingonious and valuablo as & labor-saving ma~ chino, and the caro involved in its proparation deservo amplo reward from the profossion. A Lnw-RReviow, THE DENGIL AND BAR REVIEW. Vol, 1, No, 11 Jonunry, 1674, 200 pp. Daltimore, Wo hiavo rocolved this, tho first number of & bulky quartorly law-reviow, proposcd to ho pube lished for tho Bonthorn market mainly. At lenst wo judgo that n Iawyer of strong Southi-sactional projudicos must have written tho article on *Tha Olvil Law," in which occurs the following dis~ 9nmgln;i comparison botween the ignorance of udge Story and tho profundity of an obscuro Circuit Judgo in South Carolina: . Many yoars since, s distinguished member of tha Bouth Carolina Har, in the days of tho highest brile liancy and distiuction of that memorablo Bar, when Logaro sud Potigru, and Preston and King, anit Hunt and Memminger, wero membora of tuat fratornity, {hus addrosmed s sl more distingulsiod Jurin, und udgo, ot tho Bar dinner-tablo, on the day previo 0o opening of tho Court: " v Sstangs "C7llnrmcnucr, sro you famillar with the Civil W “Unhappily, T sm not, roplied tha Chancellor, “Thit fa very fortunate, I do uot thinknny man can bo # great Judgo who does not. know ha Oivil Law,” brusquely observed ihie lawyer, who had tho caso'docketed for trial at tho Gourt, which he hopod ta gain by urging the principles, tho procodents, and the Tearonings of Homan Law, “Itis very unfortunate,” quietly responded the Judge, “ for T agreo porfectly in opiulon with you that a truly great Judgo must know tho Clvil Law, Dut, thon, I am not a great Judgo, I had often deslgned tor mako mysolf acquaintod with that treasury of Io wisdom, but my professlonal engagomonts, my juq clal dutles, snd othor domnnds upon my tite, and dis~} :—-eug baflied my offoria and {rusieated my doai ires,’ ° Thio caso came on for frisl, Tho lswyer, relyin ugon tho welght of thio Brgummenta. to b Gadiced Ciors o Olvil Law, aud somewhat on {ho prosumed gnore ance of both Bench and Bar, clted passaga after passe ago from tho Inatitutes and other loman toxts, lnm-, | Inting the quotations s Lo cited thom, for tho instrucs| - tion of tho Judgo, and the information of the opposing S weeral occasiont tho Oh ! n overal aceasfonn tho Gbancellor stopped bim af< tor Dia citutlons, sppaed bim bt his iranalntiond) gava an orronuous rendering of tho texts, from disros' gard of tho coutext, whiclt lio_quoted off-hend - from | tho Latin, and suppied with n corract voraion, o oxe Daso the minconcaptions or misrapresontations of the advocate, ‘Tho Inwyer at length sat down in confusion and dismay, His caso was lost, A mostrightcous and a wonderful Judgelisd come to tho udgment The Chancellor continuod to preeids with his nccu tomoad moiesty, sorenity, tion, unconscious of 'the complelencss of the oxposure and robuke, and mourning over his dofi« clency n tho 1n1|ln£n:nn‘.\10 knowledge of the Roman Zaw, Itino pliy that M. Justlco Siory was doaied the beneft of much n learnied Judge ot his olbow whon ho ntuffed his text.books with continusl quotations, oftn irrolevant, from this Corpus Juris Civitis, It i duo to an honorzd aud honorabla namo, and to n great intelloct and greater nature, which wera known and appreciated within narrow limits, to stato that tha Chancellor of the anccdoto just rocited was William Harper, whom nono know but to ravorencosnd adnire, The prosent number contains good articles on’ “Tho Bar in England ond Franco (solegtod 'k “Tha Civil Law—Ita Naturo and Genlus;” “Tha Rosponsibility of Life-Insurance Companies for tho Acts and Representations of Thoir Solioiting Agents ;" “William Pinlnoy at Bel-Air;" “Calolt Cushing;" ** An Addross Bofore the Law-School of tho Univeraity of Maryland;” and the ua digest of rocont American and English casoa, * _— HOMAGE. White daisies on tho meadows green Present thy beauteous form Lo me 3 Peaceful and joyful theso aro seon, And poaco aud joy oncompaes thee, T wateh thom whera they dance and shint ‘And love thom—for their beauty's thino, Red roses o'or the woodland brook Temember m thy lovely facu ; 80 blushing and 8o freah 11 look, 8o wild and shy {18 radiunt grace, X lkiwa them in their coy relrest, ‘And thiuk of lips moro soft anl sweet Bold arrows.of the merry morn Bhiot swiltly over castcrn eas, Gold tassels of the bending corn. That ripple in tho Auguat brooze, Thy wildering smilo, thy glorious batn And all thy power aid atatq declara” White, red, and gold—tho awful crown 0f virtug, and of beauty tao | From what'n height hoso oyos look down. On bim who proudly dares o ato, Yet, freo from 6olf a3 God from sin 18 Iovo that lovos nor asks to win, Lot mo but love thoo In the flower, Tho waving graes, tho dancing wave, e frgraut yom of gurden-bowar, Tho violet on tho numelcss grave, Bweot drenms by night, aweot thoughts by day, And ttmo shall tiro eralove docays Lot mo but lovo thos in tha glow When morning on tho acean ehines, O fu tho mighty winds tiat blow, 8now-laden, through tho mountain plncs= In all that'a fafr, or groud, or dreade— And all shall die ore [ovo be dead, —1¥an, Winter in the Galazy for May. _— A Solitary Twin, The * Fat Contributor” furnishes the Utles :Jl:_.se,ruer tho followiug strange story of “a win' @ WTiero was a woman out Wost who gavo bicth' to ono twin,—just ono; that's all thora was of him. Sho nover had anothor soli- tary twin so long aus sho lived, Ho waa » melancholy child from tho {first, and woro such n loucsrme look. Ho always soemed. to bo watching and Hstoning for somebody who nover onme. Ho appeared to realize that ho wasu't altogether—that ho was a kind of human parontheais with ono bracket gono—animated dumb-bells and oue dumb-bell missing—n Wpmr” that couldu't bont deucos and hardly worth drawing to. Ho used to monn in bis elecp and-paw around on his pillow for his missing brother, When that boy grow up he was diffor~ ont from ony boy £ ever know—that is to sy, any onoe boy. IIeseomed more like two boys—at least, ho was altogothor two-boys-torous for one. If be bad n fight it was with o boy twice na big as e was, for ho scomod to foel, somohovw, . aa though thoro were two of him, or ought to bo. Ho always mannged to got two pleces of pio ab tho table, just as if one was for tho other of him who wasn't there, nud thero was a thin protoxt of taking caro of it for him; but he always tool care to eat it I noticed, Ho_ only half learned. his lossons, and double-ontry buokkeoping nigh about sot him crazy, beoause, as I told you, thero wasn't but Lait of him thers, and hé could’t doublo ontry. He wouldn't sloe) with any other boy because, he said, it cm\vdus 'om, Ho grow up, but ho never got married. Ongco or twico o nttermpted to court a girl, bub loft Lor only whon it was half done, a8 though that other twin of his would be along and courti tho othior half, I don't know what became of him, I heard that ho died from sheor lonoliness, but I only believe balf Ihoard about that boy, auyhow, * If Lo bo doud, you can bot hois only Lialf doad.” —_— An Owl Flying Away with a Stool ‘Krap and Chaiue From the llath County (Ky.) News, James Warnor has been doing o considorabla amount of trapping for the last fow months. Whilo setting his trap, somo time ago, Lie con- oluded that hie would bait for & large bird whioch ho bolicved bad boon bothoring his ohiokene roost, Ho accordiugly dld 8o, and the morning aftor, on going to visit his traps, was muoh sur~ priscd at finding one of them gone. The other morning Mry, Rogers, who lives ton miles away from Mr, Warnor's, "honrln, some disturbanca in the hen-house among the chickons, arosa quickly, and, takivg & light, wont to sce what was the matter, Blio sucosodod in oatohing tha, abject, and, to hor {;wn surpriso, found Lhat it wasa huge owl, Attached to the owl was Mr, Warnor's trap and about ten iuches of chuln, Two teeth wore broken out of the trap, and ust whoro the tooth wore broksn out tha aws of thotrap had firmly held tho log of the ird, outting all arouud quite to the boue, but without injuring it, Tho log, howover, was by this time recovered and wall, the wound having had ample time to benl duriug the two months e had m-&uma tho “awl hind'tired own sy with erapicacity, and erudis -