Casper Daily Tribune Newspaper, September 23, 1923, Page 4

PAGE FOUR CONSTITUTION WEEK HOLDS SI CONSTITUTION WEEK, which closed yesterday, was ob- served in Casper by several or- ganizations, among them the Lions and Kiwanians, both of which enjoyed specially prepared programs. The following excel- lent article by George W. Jarvis was delivered before the Lions club and is published for the benefit of those who were unable to hear one of the several bril- liant addresses delivered in ob- servance of the week. —$—$<$< $< << << By GEO. W. JARVIS The Constitution of the United States is a written instrument em-/ tionary war. podying the organic law and laying| member that foreign agitators were down fundamental rules and princi pies for the conduct of the nation’s | content affairs, It belongs to the so-called rigid constitutions and cannot bel «peas of today, modified in ite express terms except |saries planted in the young states such processes as the CON-| disseminating through atitution trast to which bel itself ordains—this in con- the British ngs to the unwritten class and can be changed by any ordinary | jradual and es: act of parliament. sentially unconscious changes take| sme hag been borrowed abroad dur. both | ing the war; domestie loans contract- place in the effect given to forms through the development of law by the judicia Cooley defines a constitution as “the body of rules and maxims in accordance with which the powers of government are perpetually exercised. The United States Constitutio: was framed at Philade!phia in 1787 ey a conyer and airs of government under the Articl It was adopted and signed Septem- ber 17, 1787, 186 years ago Just Mon- constitution | Siays {0a supreme; all t ed because of | °| condition at that time, from exc les of Confederation. | | October 7, 1785, to James Warren: day, by the representatives of all of) the thirteen original Rhode Island. By August, 1788, had been ratified by eleven states and went into effect between them. Article 1, immediately follow§ng the preamble, takes up the legisla- tive powers, dividing of the legis!a- tive branch of the government into | two houses, designating the powers of the legislature and providing the method to be used in the passage of business. Article executive, i and defining his duti Article 3 provides for our supreme court, prescribing its duties and de- fining its powers. Article 4 takes up the relationship of the state to the union. Article 5 provides for the amend- ing of the constitution and provides for a vote of three-fourths of the states of the Union being necessary for our chief his powers before the constitution can be amended. Article 6 ratified the past and future indebtedness, declared the constitution the supreme law of the land, and required all officials, legis: lators and judges of tho United Sintes and the severa! states to be bound by oath to support the con mutution. Article 7 is the article legalizing the constitution when n of the stetes had rv 1 it. Amendm 1 to 10, known as the Bill of Rights, defining more Specifically the civic rights of citiz ens, were ratified by 11 states, be- tween November 20, 89, and De. cember 15, 1791, Amendments 11 and 12 were adopted in 1793 and 1803, respectively. The former pre- vents the individual rrom suing the state, while the latter provides for the manner of the election of the President and vice president. Amendments 13, 14 and 15 were adopted in 1865, 1866 and 1870, res. pectively, and were to meet the un usual conditions resulting from the Civil dir, and dealt with reconstruc tion and slave Amendment 16, effective Febru ary 25, 1913, was the income tax amendment Amendment 17, effective May 31 1923, provided for the election of Senators by direct vote ple instead of by the state ‘The enactment of the much ms gned 18th Amendment, on January 16, 1920, is still fresh in the memory of the moet forgetful citizen, inas | HOW | the Constitutional convention in MANY remember that | 1787 made no progress toward | realization of its alms until Ben- jamin Franklin’s admonition that prayers morning before proce: business was accepted by the assembly. amendment 18. took po! fee saloons and into Hubs. As conditions arise in tho future, ther amendme undoubtedly made to the constitution, as pro ded by t di nt, but they thould not be made until after pro ities out of the sewing found ¢ ration and deliberation. It is the constitution that makes practical and useable that immortal focument, the result of an age long itruggle for freedom, the Declara. fon of Independence; the two are in- ‘eparably linked together, It has deen said “The Declaration of In- fependence is the portal to our con titution, nonious 6’ When we recall that our govern- nent was the outgrowth in a real vense of a struggle for religious ‘reedom and other basio Mberties we yan understand how jealous must iave been our- forefathers of the Aghts, guaranties and immunities et forth in the Declaration of In lependence, consequently they did 1ot look with favor on a centralized fovernment; they confused it with ulers “annointed o with a he evils agninst which they jought Al] tho theories o flaration of Independ 2 ‘Bil of Rights" of the fates had a profound influen vanted to be bound by a if Friendship" among the state wrpressly erved thelr ights and » rights the two making one har- ructure. states except | it} » | Istand |scending into the vale of confusion no povernment could ‘ake away, car- riec to {ts logica! conclusion, led tc anarchy, thouga few thought out the theory. Further, selfish interests interfered much as today—what was of advantage to the trading states of New England seemed injurious to South Carolina or Georgia; means of transportation and communication were so wretched that there was little intercourse, The state, theretore, was the larg- est unit the mind could comprehend. At] this unwillingness to surrender any powfr to the general govern- ment can be easily understood, when |we recall for what principles these |same people had fought the Revolu- Then, too, we must re- sowing the ed of suspicion and di among these harassed people. The Jacobins of France, the had their emis. vicious propagan and advising resistance and anarchy. rebellion broke out; the coun |try was hopelessly in debt and with |no means of raising the necessary |funds; its credit was gone. Large ed during the same period were even ‘arger; interest was piling up in ever increasing amounts. Discon- jtent, rebellion, ruin started the | country in the face and chaos reig: ‘his during the gov. ernment of the “Articles of Con federation.” Woe can ¥ alize something of the rpts | taken from letters by George Wash- | ington. “The confederation appears to me to be little more than a shadow! without the substance, and congress a nugatory body, thelr ordinances being little attended to. By such policy as this the wheels of govern ment are clogged and we are de and darkness.” July 26, 1786, to William Grayson: » the causes what they may, it is shameful and disgusting. Our character as a nation ts dwindling; and what it must come to, if a change should not soon take place, our enemies have foretold; for in truth, we seem either not capable or not willing to take care of our- selves.”" November 15, 1786, to Bushrod c, which took nine years, OBSERVANCE ot Constitution Week has been inaugurated to “re-establish the Constitution of the United States and the prin- ciples and ideas of our govern- ment in the minds and hearts of the people. at the expense of much blood and treasure, to rear, now totters to the foundation, and without support must soon fal ovember 5, 1786 to James Madi- No day was ever more clouded than the present. We are fast verg- ing to anarchy and confusion.—How melancholy {3 the reflection.—what stronger evidence can be given of the want of energy in our government than these disorders, A Iberal and energetic constitution well-guarded and closely watched to prevent en croachments, might restore us.” It was due to these deplorable con: ditions that Washington and other patriotic statesmen saw the need of and urged the forming of a better form of government that could act for all the states as a unit in so!y ing problems {mpossible of solutior under the loosely drawn, authority lacking, impotent ‘Articles of Con federation. We must be 1» min that when notice w questing the states to to a convention to I delphia on May 14, 1 clearly stated. “To mec de'phia for the sole pose of revising nfederatlo’ gestion of forn ga nation of t United States had met with bitt opposition, this feeling preva the opening of tho convention. states were intensely state rights and feared the ultimate outcome of a centralized government confounding it with what they had t to overthrow. An insufficient number gates vpore prese: the convention was not organ until May 1 when George hington was elected as its pres! All lous of their of ton May 14 dele ymposed of the lending citizens thirteen colonies, except Rho he standing. We indeed seem to feel sur ova want of political wisdom since we have been running all about n search of it. We have gone back to ancient history for models of gov. ernment and examined the different forms of those republics which, ha: ing been originally formed with the seeds of their own dissolutions, now no longer exist; and we have viewed modern states all around Europe, but find none of their constitutions suitable in our circumstances. “In this situation of this assembly, groping, as it were, in the dark to find political truth, and scarce able to distinguish it when presented to us, how has it happened, sir, that have not hitherto once thought of humbly applying? “I have lived, str, a long tim and the longer I llve the more con- vincing proofs I see of this truth, men. And if @ sparrow cannot fall it probable that an empire can rise without His aid? We have been assured, sir, in the Sacred writings, that ‘except the Lord build the house, they labor in vain that build it I firmly believe this; and I also believe that without His concurring ald we shall succeed in this political building no better than the bullders of Babel; we shall be divided by our little, partial, local interests, ofr pro- Ject will be confounded, and we our- selves shall become a reproach and a byword down to future ages. And, what {s worse, mankind may here after, from this unfortunate instance despair of establishing government by human wisdom and leave it to chance, war, conquest. I therefore beg leave 10 move. “That, hereafter, prayers, tmplor. Ing the assistance of Heaven and {ts blessing on our deliberations, to be held in this assembly every morn {yg before we proceed to business, and that one or more of the clergy of this city be requested to officiate in that service.” And from this time on the con vention began to make progress in the framing of that document which Gladstone declared to be “the great- est plece of work ever struck off at a given time by the brain and purpose of man." On September 17, 1787, the wprk of the convention was completed, constitution was signed and to the consideration of the tes in congress assembled. » letter of submission appears the following r “In all our deliberations on this subject we kept steadily in our view that which ap- pears to us the greatest interest of every true American the consolida- thon of our union in which fs involy- ed our prosperity, felicity, safety, and perhaps our national existence. This important consideration — ser. fously and deeply impressed on our minds, led each state in the conven tion to be leas rigid on points of in- ferior magnitude than might have n otherwise expected; and thus the constitution which we now pre- sent is the result of a spirit of amity, nd of that mutual deference and concession which the peculiarity of ur political situation rendered in- dispensable. As previously stated, among the first acts of Congress under the newly adopted Constitution was to take steps for the adoption of the first ten Amendments commonly knowwW as our Bill of Rights. These Amendments provide for religious freedom; freedom of speech and of the pres the right of the people r bly to assemble; the right tc r arms for the defense of the state; protection of the people In wa ind in peace against undue impos! uthor nable PER (S - THE. . horses which was unrepresented or most of them were ac 1 by one desire, to accomplish sults that would perpetuate the atry. Although their powers 9 limited by the act of congress under the Articles of Confederation to the amendment of the existir articles, the convention concely at a greater work than thts would have to ne dene, and immediately ad boldly set out to create a now campact to meet the exigencies of the time. The Constitutional convention, as| is well knowh, under took to solve ore of the most important and vex- ine problems ever dealt with by makers of history. It was made up| of fifty-five patriotic and brilliant men with es wany different minds! a* to the nature of the constitution! that should be adopted as our baste | law. These men met day after day| for four weeks and had made absolutely no progress in construct- ing the document. On the last morn. ing of the fifth week, in the midst of a ve heated discussion, they were about to adjourn and abandon the great purpose for which they had met. At this juncture wise old Benjamin Franklin arose and ad dressing George Washington in the chair, spoke ns fol “Mr, President: ‘The small pro- gress wo have made after four or five weeks’ lose attention and con- tinual reasonings with each other, our different sentiments on almo: very question, several of tho last eyes, is, nan under-| O4 -20-amy OTE + W-TA 2- °° X4-0 - HN9-4- ty - mm. ern L that God governs in the affairs of to the ground without His notice, is Rothschild Nathan Rothschild edded two and a half million dollars to the famous Rothschild fortune by secretly stationing a string of fast riding between Calais. and Dover and London. With these he got news of Napo- leon’s defeat at Waterloo nearly twenty-four hours ahead of any- body else in London and made a great cleaning on the consequent rise in English securities.» (There was, of course, no telegraph then.) Opportunities for making a clean- ing come to every man but he can’t seize them without having at least a little cash ready. So, if you area young man or woman, open a Say- ings account now and begin pre- paring for your future chances. TIONAL BANK screens = SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1923, GNIFICANCE. IN COUNTRY —___—_____ It {s inconceivable that American citizens should place any obstacis in the way of a broad understan,. ing of our constitution, yet, during the last term of the legislature our own state of Wyoming, a yf) was introduced authorizing ‘the teaching of the constitution in our schools, and it failed to pass, Here is an opportunity that we Lions should grasp and show the world that our creed “Liberty, rn. telligence, Our Nation's Safety, not a hololw, empty, meaningless thing, but that we really have the future welfare of our beloved coun. try and the perpetuity of ou: cherished institutions at heart, Che Casper Sunday Cridune search of persons or housés or pos- sessions without a duly attested search warrant; the requirement of an indictment before a grand jury before one shali be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous ertme; providing that mo one in a criminal case shall be compelled to be witness against himself; that no one be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law: forbidding the appropriation of pri- vate property for public use without just compensation; providing for speedy and public trial by an im- partial jury in criminal cases; guaranteeing the right of trial by jury; prohibition agaist excessive bail and fines, and cruel and unusual punishment; reserving to the people rights not enumerated in the con- stitution; and reserving to the States or to the people powers not delegated to the United States by the con- stitution nor prohibited by it to the states. The foregoing provisions were made @ part of our basic law after long experience with government and a long period ©f old world op- pression and tyranny from which our fathers had fled to set up here & government founded upon human Uberty and equal rights under the jaw. In that Bill of Rights are hose fundamental provisions which ve constituted our bulwark of freedom thus far in our history, which insure us rights as common as the alr we breathe, and for thatt reason ‘are not realized and very little appreciated by tha average American citizen. These provisions are not alone or primarily for the rich and the strong, but rather above all for the protection of the humblest citizen, “By a few the erroneous belief is entertained today that, somehow or other not clear, the Constitu- tion is a barrier in the way of the man and that it embodies govern- nental power against his highest int But the Constitution ts in truth a coat of mail which he himself fashioned for his own pro. tection, and which he has altered from time to time that the protec- tion might be the more complete— Protection again: his servants in the legislature or congress, whom he may dismiss at election time or by impeachment, and Wyiose invas- jon of his right his courts were erected to prevent; against his executive officers, whom he may put out of place by impeachment or by ballot; against his judges, whom he may remove for lack of ‘good be- havior.’ He dictates in his consti tution the method by which his ser vants shall be chosen to carry out his written will, and he prescribes the way in which the unfaithful shall be cast out. His government is not his master, as the king or the oligarch had always been, but his protection against the mastery of delegates or servants selected by himsel: We recall the injunction Daniel Webster: “Self hopes for the future, national pride, and gratitude to God, all prompt us to embrace these insti- tutions of our native land with a’) the affection of our hearts, and to defend them with all the strength of our hands.” As good American citizens we should fully understand our insti- tutions so that our affections can be intelligently placed. In order that we may defend these institu- tions with all the history of their creation and their progress through the years, but also to knog the nemies which are attacking them. These enemies may be divided roughly into three classes: First, communism; second, the intensive organization of minorities for the urpose of controlling the beneficen- FUTURE - CAPITAL t is hoped that the observance of the anniversary of the Constitu- tion of the’United States will stimu- late a study of the discussions in- volved in its writings, adoption, in- terpretation and administration, re- sulting in a keener appreciation of its value and tmportance as an aid to solving present day problems and to the end that future genera- tions may fortify themselves against the enemies of our country. To quote the immortal Lincoln: “That this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not a hollow, empty, meaningless cles of government for selfish pur- poses; and third, the loss of a sense of individual responsibility. Space forbids these being elabo- rated on; suffice to say that mil- Mons are belng spent annually in spreading of “Red” propaganda. It is a notorious fact that untold, energy and propaganda 1s being ex- erted and spread to influence our officials in behalf of disgruntled, selfish minorities and blocs, and that the most insidious enemy to our existing institutions is an ap- parent loss of a sense of individual responsibility among our citizens— the faflure to study a subject and then take the trouble to cast our GLADSTONE declared the Linstbed Bentes | Conettution, to Be “the greatest piece of work ever struck off at a given time by the brain and purpose of man.” vote according to the dictates of our conscience and the best interests of our country. And to this end, “Constitution week” has been inaugurated: “To re-establish the Constitution of the United States and the prin- ciples and ideals of our government in the minds and hearts of the people.” * ° ot Eoeesoae dio eSo aie ase foie ey ¥ CALLAWAY’S eo oo Seago steete-atoate ao dto-efodeate at ¢ 5 aoe, 6. vs 133 E. SECOND 2, ooo Ro es > RO o, er te *e cD Xa > Sources of Inspiration and of Individuality For the “Better Home”---Our Offerings Me ~~ rrr Ra Y oi o, *e ye: “ M Z =, % * ¢, "oP tes - RY RA '- Sy aaa) 2 ? a2 ooo eho ago e, % + RA i 0-05-< io - o, - Me tod es Me oo PEPE SO OF 9%, ° RA 2, er oxeX NTEGRITY in furniture con- A struction is as important as correct styling, and the sum of both creates true worth and establishes value— a “BETTER HOME? in its full- est meaning. Combine art with util- ity in the environment produced through sensibly chosen furnishings. In the selection of well correlated suitings from room to room where balance and harmonious ensemble work out and develop one’s ideals there rests real achievement. M ? > a % “oe o% fo oo Oat aX >< % + Ra KA aXe cE) RO ca o, oS er * % eee Goto o-efo-es - toed RO Soe M oa Me aes Moh RP O-4go- e+ - M 2 2, a '- 4 * 2, RY ro afo-ateefos! oo fog of love, our RA a POOe - oot es % oe, RA so-0fo-¢ 4, rors Soaks oa 1M oro RA “om axe From the earliest periods of Furniture Designing to the present time Dining Room pieces have steadily evolved from the massive and crude to the simplified and effectively decorative and practical, expressive of American Ideals—wrought by American Arti- sans in these, our own reconstructive times, The Suites we are showing con- structed of American Walnut, are priced very reasonably and of the very latest designing. K 2 cs Po Posted Oo Rone ato ato to toes e, oho ate Soigeegerie-dteefeoteete, + MoM 1% So-efo-foes fog Moat % BN ae ¢ ° See Eight Piece Suites $150.00 and Up opto - Me “re, "et reg % ? Retirement finds ideal association in the quiet of the sleeping room, where the harmonies of its furnishings seem to Brussels and oo aXe a> >, ee speak in welcoming you to restftl com- 4 a posure. Our showings of bedroom ar- a rangement is composite of rest supreme. > Complete Suites $122.50 and Up So Mata cte He ted POP OP Pee to Hote Daily association in the Home with beautiful furnishings is bound to have beneficial influence on one Good taste and refinement are th good furniture, who loves the finer things of life. e results of companionship with rich as to wood and exquisite as to design. es ae ss ae aoete osteo eteatoet THIS STORE AND YOU You perhaps don’t realize what a large part you play in the i we do sell furniture—that really isn’t one Bieth ees buy it dosiyone, See aie: ant; the kind that we know will give yo a visit every day if convenient, and see things we are receiving to make the home more beautiful and more li Meat While It is our aim to always u satisfactoty service, t » Z0-APNOF - FPN—OOr - MIA: WPT +4-- MpaH:- mI4- 10 Ir hotocgeatestoatedt KO ? YOU'LL LIKE TRADING AT ALLAWAY’ . CONSOLIDATED ‘ COMPLETE HOME FURNISHINGS ee : ROYALTY BLOG. >4 3 T 50,000 -_ POPULATION :.+.4°; Fe 133 E. Second 133 E. Second oak roage’ ? ok + ee Sees s Po o-cte tote tote testa ch so atnate- ate atest sto che stn Me aha aetna &, ie te ee ee a so ote cto Mactnctocte toch ce hee ht, > iM, Ma SHS Soh sho ao ae ates Soateagnays