The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, September 4, 1936, Page 10

rar | ce Re fa co th tit cmmonoeasaecos ZONSORS Growth Through Three Eras Of Transportation Facilities Meeting of Steamboat and Train Breathed Life Into Frontier Village; Roads Expanded Trade Area; Aviation Opens Third Phase Not long ago Bismarck workmen razed the ramshackle old Northern Pacific warehouse that stood silent and deserted for so many years on the east bank of the Missouri river between the railroad and vehicle bridges. Its faded red timbers had been one of the last surviving monuments to the historic meet- ing of steamboat and train that spelled life and growth to that} pismarck in that,” she said. section of the Northwest stretching from the Black Hills up through western North Dakota and Montana to the Canadian; border. But another monument to the city of Bismarck. Bismarck, the product of the conver-! When the trains weren't coming] gence of two distinct eras in transportation, has lived to see the! that meeting still stands. It is decay of one, and the rise of the other to undreamed of heights. And even now Bismarck is wi tacular rise of a third era in tnessing the gradual, but spec- the evolution of transportation. Five times daily giant twin-motored airplanes pay it hurried visits on their breath-taking trips from coast to coast carry- ing passengers and freight. Transportation has made—and is making—Bismarck. Both the Missouri river and the plains surrounding it figured in the earliest forms of transportation. Up and down its muddy waters went hardy trappers and traders in frail canoes, pirogues, and mackinaws. On the plains, they used the Indian dog sledges in winter and in summer, the horse and dog-drawn travois. Developed Cart Trains In the carrying of large freight loads overland, the ingenious device of some early settler—the Red River cart—was most often used. Made en- tirely of wood, it stood about 4 feet high. It was drawn by a single horse or ox, and the creaking of its two, huge wooden wheels on wooden axles; could be heard for miles. Sometimes as many as 500 of these carts, which were capable of carrying from 500 to 800 pounds each, formed long trains, to convey freight and supplies to and from the settlements. Heavy covered wagons, and, later, the comparatively speedy stage- coaches also played their part in the early development of Northwest trans- portation. It was in 1833 that the Indians liv- ing along the upper Missouri saw their first steamboat. The year before, the little side-wheeler, “Yellowstone,” had come as far upstream as Fort Tecum- seh, near what is now Pierre, 8. Dak., and then fought her way up the swirl- ing current to where the Yellowstone joins the Missouri near the present North Dakota-Montana state line. Gold Lent Impetus Rot much impetus was given river traffic beyond the Indian trade, how- ever, until the time of the Civil war. ‘Then punitive military expeditions against the warring Sioux and reports of gold and other valuable minerals to be found in Montana gave rise to an increased demand for access to the Northwest. The hazards facing these early steamboat journeys were many. The tiver itself was treacherous, with its shifting channel, hidden snags, and sand-bars. Too, the Indians resented further encroachment, and the boats were liable not only to guerilla gun- fire from the banks, but to attacks after dark, if mooring places for the night were not carefully chosen. But the prizes which awaited suc- cessful journeys made them well! worth the risk. The round-trip of the | that Bismarck today has no railroad Luella, captained by the famous old | sho} The North¢ Pacifi y | Ps. ie Northern Pacific company | boats tied up at the landing by Bis- riverman, Grant Marsh, from St.jagreed to make this city a division! marck wersta common sight. , i Louis to Fort Benton, Montana, in 1866, is a typical example. Leaving! St. Louis in April with a heavy cargo! of mining machinery, camp supplies, | She is Mrs. John P. Dunn, mother of | and several passengers, the Luella re-| turned in September bearing 230 miners who carried in their leather belts $1,250,000 in gold dust. All paid | their fares in gold dust. On that trip the Luella cleared $24,000 for her owners. The next year the Ida Stock- dale made the same trip and cleared more than double that amount. Carried 10,000 Passengers “During the year 1867.” says W. B. | Hennessy in his History of North Da- ‘kota, “71 boats left St. Louis for Fort | Benton and intermediate points. They ‘carried 17,138 tons of freight and a |total of 10,000 passengers. The fare for the trip was $150 each, netting $1,500,000 for passengers alone. The return cargoes consisted of gold and silver, furs, pelts, and hides.” So profitable was trade on the Mis- |souri, he adds, that steamboats from the Mississippi and eastern rivers de- |serted their home waters to engage in it. Into this riverman’s paradise the railroad pushed its nose of shining steel. | President Lincoln signed the char- |ter which incorporated the Northern ! Pacific railroad company in 1864, and leight years later, on Jan. 1, 1872, rails jand ties crossed the Red river at Fargo. Railways Brought Townsites | It was obvious to the Northern Pa- leific directors that the spot where their road crossed the Missouri would be a valuable one. To buy up this and other townsites along the right of way, i they organized the Lake Superior and Puget Sound Townsite company. But the eventual value of the site was equally obvious to a group of land speculators. To fool these specula- tors, the Northern Pacific established a false line crossing the Missouri at the mouth of the Heart river. To actually graded to a small. settlement jabout a mile south of where Bismarck ;now stands, called Burleigh City. The real location of the present icrossing was known, however, to a former member of the surveying crew. He formed a party, and in a race from | Fargo to the Missouri river with the Puget Sound men, beat them out. En- suing legal complications resulting |from the filing of land claims brought the case in court, and five years of |litigation resulted In a defeat of the Puget Sound interests. Lost Railroad Shops It is because of this old difficulty } point, but failed to do so. Bismarck’s oldest living resident beat the railroad here by three weeks. Dr. Fannie Dunn Quain and Piatt Dunn of Shields. who came here May 18, 1873, when she was 17 years old. The journey from Minneapolis to Bis- _|of particular significance to Bismarck, mislead them further, the road was) | marck, where her husband established @ drug store, was her honeymoon. | “It took longer than it does today,” | she recalled recently. “From Minne- |apolis to Brainerd and then on to Fargo in a pullman took us two days. From Fargo to what is now James- town (it was just a single shack then) we rode in a caboose. There we trans- ferred to a box car and rode on to Crystal Springs, where the track ended. ‘‘My husband had a mule team | there to meet us, and we came on to Ran Intermittently 1 At first trains came from Fargo |only two or three times a week, and jin winter not at all, Mrs. Dunn re- | called. through—that was when we feared the| Indians,” she said. “Many nights the report that Indians were just three or {four miles north of town sent us to; | bed with our clothes on.” ; By 1875, however, the trains were} running daily. ' | Custer’s rediscovery of gold in the Black Hills in the summer of 1874 was because Bismarck was the closest rail- road point to the gold fields. Memories of that phase in the de- | velopment of Bismarck are fresh in the mind of Bismarck’s oldest male | inhabitant, W. A. Falconer, who came ‘to this city that same year. “Billy” '! worked for a number of years in the {old McLean and McNider general \store on the site of the present |Grambs plumbing establishment on Third St. Did Big Business “The discovery caused a general stampede to the Black Hills,” he said, “and for the next few years during the rush, all the Bismarck merchants | ‘did a big business. “Miners used to come in with buck- skin bags filled with gold dust. We allowed them $20.00 an ounce in trade for the gold. The old store was a gen- eral headquarters for miners, Black Hills freighters, steamboat men, of- Cathedral Fort for S f teaartlls Taking advantage of the reluctance of forces to fire on places of worship, Spanish government forces use the stone balcony of a cathedral at Siguenza as a safe rampart from 1 The snipers are pictured in action during the advance on Saragossa. which to fire on the revolutionaries. panish Reds Dams in 4 Counties New England, Sept. 4.—Nearly 300 men, drawn mostl yfrom WPA re- lief rools, are now working in four southwestern North Dakota counties on soil conservation projects. Most of the projects consist of placing small dams on farms where cooperators agree to a five-year pogram of soil conservation practices. The five-yert plan includes summer tilling, strip farming, and in one instance the ex- periment of contour furowing to save water un-off, One hundred thirty-one members of the local CCC camp are working on four dams, two of them in the Cannonball river. They com- pleted the dam at McKinnon lake on the Cedar river this spring. i ——_—_________- y Today’s Recipe | Potato Pancakes for Four Grate 4 large potatoes and place the pulp in a sieve to drain off excess | water. When they are quite dry add the yolks of 3 eggs, 1 tablespoon of | flour, a dash of ground nutmeg and: % teaspoon salt. Mold this mixture into small flat; pancakes and fry them in fat (bacon; ‘fat is perfect for this) just long) enough to brown them well. One large potato will make 2 pancakes. ‘These pancakes are very light and; delicate. | Marmalade Rolls ‘Two cups flour, 4 teaspoons baking powder, % teaspoon salt, 4 table- spoons shortening, 2-3 cup milk, mar- malade. Sift together the flour, baking pow- der adn salt. Cut the shortening into the flour mixture. Add the milk to make a soft dough. Roll out half the by a trunk transcontinental airline. Two years ago the Hanford Airlines brought Bismarck within a few hours of Kansas City and Omaha. By September 1 a WPA-sponsored administration building, houling De- partment of Commerce offices, weather bureau offices, and airlines offices, a waiting room and a lunch room, will be completed at the air- Port southeast of the city. Bismarck will then have @ modern $75,000 air- port, conforming to the safety regu-! lations that the Department of Com- merce requires of the largest city airports. = Five times daily Bismarck is visited the devout Catholic rebel ficers, and lots of famous Indian | scouts.” | Mrs, Dunn remembers freight trains of oxen and mule teams a mile long, drawn up on Main street bound for) |the Black Hills. | All the freight for the Black Hills and for the upper Missouri river came into Bismarck from the east on the Northern Pacific railroad. The usual return trip cargo for boats on the upper Missouri was furs and minerals. j;On June 4, 1873, the steamer Espir- janza returned from Fort Benton with 'a cargo of 9,000 buffalo robes, 123 try more than a memory. rise of the automobile in commercial transportation, Trucks have passing, and today they are scarcely | press of competition—always a good |thing from the customer's point of The railroad has taken their place.;view—both are bettering their ser- But the railroad is no more immune | vice. Bismarck travelers today may to the relentless march of progress|go anywhere they please in the most than the steamboat. threatened now, by land, and by air.|of busses. During the last 10 years this coun- It sees itself | modern has witnessed the Phenomenal | airmail But the story is still incomplete. In June, 1931, Northwest Airways brought eaten | Bismarck and that part of the North- deeply into the railroads’ freight rev-| west served by Bismarck. In 1934 the enye; passenger busses have reduced |lne was pushed through to the west their passenger revenue. Under the| coast and this city was served directly by swift, comfortable, cabined planes that have destroyed all conception of distance that is not measured in hours and minutes. Minneapolis, Chicago and New York are at our front door. We know the role that transpor- tation has had in the building of Bismarck. What role will it play in the future? The only thing certain avout the future is that it is uncer- ain, Transportation has made—and is making—Bismarck. of trains or the most modern and air passenger service dough into a rectangular 1-3 inch .thick.. Spread lightly with softened butter and liberally with marmalade. Roll jelly roll fashion and slice % inch thick. Place cut side down in greased muffin tins. Place oné-half teaspoon le on top of each roll. Bake in hot oven 12 to 15 minutes. Repeat with re- maining half of dough. This makes 24 rolls. MILL CITY TREASURER DEAD Minneapolis, Sept. 4.—(P)—Charles | sheét about! A. Bloomquist, 77, city treasurer since 1900, died in a hospital here late He started service We get slong as well as any one— bridge players, for instance.—Johnny Van Ryn, tennis star, who frequently teams up with his wife in doubles. ‘We will be strong enough to raise hell with them (Republican and Dem- ocratic parties) in the next congress. —Dr. Francis E. Townsend. It begins and ends your day. It , ‘ fj} els € Sebi Schilling Coffee One kind for Percolator Another one for Drip Corn, golden yellow, 2 for “aie Milk, Borden’s, 2 5 c 3 tall cans .. POTATOES Schilling’s Coffee, drip or regular, 3 2 c per |b. bales of wolf skins, 40 sacks of wool, i194 bales of deer and antelope hides, land 16 tons of lead. She made the trip from Fort Benton to Bismarck, 1,300 miles by river, in 4 days. Influx Begins Before 1880, there was little general farming in North Dakota. Railroad building, government transportation, jand Black Hills freighting were the jehief industries: But that year the Northern Pacific established an emi- jgration agency in Europe, and then began the great influx of homeseek- fers from Norway, Sweden, Denmark, {and other countries. From that time ‘on the agricultural produce that came !from expansion and settlement gave ta tremendous spurt to transportation ; development, | For a time, both the steamboat and ithe railroad shared the business that jcame from this gigantic new industry. ‘In the early ‘80's, from 20 to 30 steam- But the steel span that in 1883 con- jquered the swift Missouri, conquered too the picturesque stern wheelers that had plied up and down its swirl- ing muddy bosom to write the story of the city that is now Bismarck. The completion of the Northern Pacific |road to the west coast hastened their Tomatoes No. 2 tin 3 for 25c Case $1.95 POTATOES Strictly Fresh doz. 21c Grapes Red or White Malag: for ‘er 2 ter EMPEL’ PHONE 1612 Onions | Prunes Tomatoes Crabapples 25 © 69c |isintur......79C| ism we... 9SC| st vox $1.75 Concords PE AR Bartlett's extra 4 qt. basket Coffee Buy Yours Now — Quality Best Vegetole ee Washington No. 1 Elberta 2 45 Ib. 18¢ 18 LB. CRATE Asst. Plain, I Beets Celery Squash pre SC| sin prea Oc | 10c Cookies 2 Ib. pkg. ... P&G Large Bars 5 for 19c fancy - fancy Flour 24 Nye 93¢ Pineapple JUICE Dole's No. 1 46 oz. 30¢ tin Lettuce 25c |it Ze 17¢ LETTUCE Crisp, Solid, 2 heads for ....... 5 lbs. for .........6..5. AoE, ONIONS- BANANAS Sdcea lara. 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