Bemidji Daily Pioneer Newspaper, January 31, 1920, Page 7

SATURDAY EVENING, JANUARY 31, 1920 GRIT ESSENTIAL FOR LAYING HEN Hard Suhstances Necessary in Fowl's Diet to Prevent Di- gestive Troubles. BIRD FAMILY MINUS' MOLARS Pulverizing of Food Takes Place in Gizzard—Oyster Shells Are Ex- cellent on Account of Lime They Contain. (Prepared by the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture.) The old saw, “as scarce as hen'’s teeth,” would be quite as trne Iif ‘“turkey” or any other member of the bird family had been substituted for “hen.” The entire ornithological di- vision of the animal kingdom is tooth- less. No painful filling of bicuspids in their young lives nor crowning of molars in their later days! In the bird family there is not a particle of need of screwing courage up to the point where an appointment with the dentist is made, no enduring of an- ‘guish in the chair for them, and none to be faced later when the bill comes in. When a hen’s “teeth” become in- efficient she simply discards them and picks up some new ones. Truly, there are many compensations in having been born a bird. How Hen’s Digestion Works. Armed with a beak, the hen Is able to plck up food of fairly good size, but she is provided with no way of | ‘breaking it into small particles in her mouth, for she has neither teeth nor lps. Instead, the food is swallowed whole and is stored in her crop until needed by the stomach. Then its walls contract and down it goes into the stomach. © This stomach has two parts, oune | where the food is soaked with a secre- tion 6f acid and ferment pepsin, and the other where the grinding takes place. The latter is commoniy known as the gizzard. Because of this or- gan’s work in pnlverizing food to small iMore Truth Than Poetry in Old Saw About Hen's Teeth Being Scarce. .particles, the hen and every other ;member of the bird family is able to dispense with teeth. The “teeth” of a bird are really the “grit” which it .consumes with its food. Sharp sand, small stones, broken shell and similar substances, in the gizzard, assist in pulverizing the other articles in its diet. In fact, this gritty material ac- complishes the same purpose that mo- ilar teeth do in other animals’ mouths. ‘Until it becomes useless as a digestive ald it is stored in the gizzard. The hard, callous pads of the giz .zard are contracted and expanded dur- ing digestion by powerful muscles. This motion, together with the grit, reduces the food to fine particles. The grit is retained in the stomach until it ‘i smooth and then is discarded natur- ally and another supply is eaten to ‘take its place. Grit for Confined Fowls. For this reason fowls kept in con- inement need grit at their disposal ‘quite as much as other kinds of feeds. ‘The grit already in their gizzards, at ‘the time a flock is penned, might be all that the fowls will require for three or four weeks, but if more is not sup- (pled digestive trouble will soon set in. It is safer to supply it from the begin- ining. Sand will do for the purpose, but chickens seem to prefer a coarser :grit, one of a size between wheat and corn. Oyster shells are commonly sup- plied to the flock because of the lime ’they contain, which is necessary for ighell formation, but they also serve |to some extent as grit in the diet. The ipleces become smooth more quickly !than a harder grit and a fresh supply imust be eaten more often. United States department of agricul- iture poultry speclalists state that a ihen needs and will consume about one |pound of grit in a 12-month period. PREPARE HIDES FOR MARKET iFarmers’ Bulletin Should Be Especial- ly Useful to Owners—Bulls to Be Discarded. To meet the demand of live stock owners for information on proper methods of skinning and preparing ‘hides for market, the department of \agriculture Is preparing for distribu- ition the second edition of Farmers’ {Bulletin 1055, “Country Hides and 18kins.” The suggestion has reached ithe department that the publication mentioned should be especially useful to owners of scrub bulls, particularly those who are discharging unfit sires and are demonstrating their interest in flive stock improvement by joining the eral-state campaign for better sires. RIBIC GRANITE BLOCK FOR PAVING Material Regarded as Particularly Suitable for Trunk Lines Enter- ing Large Cities. Study of various paving materials suitable for much-traveled highways has disclosed interesting data on granite blocks to the bureau of public roads of the United States department of agriculture. Many road builders are coming to regard this material as particularly suitable for trunk lines entering large towns and cities where there is 3n increasing amount of heavy traflic. Though the initinl cost of granite block coustruction is high, the main- tenance of the pavement, if properly laid and grouted, is less than that of The Maintenance Cost of This Kind of Pavement, if Properly Laid, Is Less Than That of Almost Any Other Kind of Pavement. almost any other type of pavement. In Worcester, Mass., over a period of 10 years the average maintenance cost per yard was less than a half cent. This also is true in other cities, re- gardless of the fact that in general the streets covered with granite block paving are those "carrying the most severe traffic. ROAD TESTS IN CALIFORNIA Over Adobe Land Concrete Is Laid’on Sides With Macadam in Middle —Surface Topped. An experiment in road construction over adobe land is being made in a section of the county highway between Bay Point and Pittsburg, in Cali- fornia. Experience has shown that concrete roads built over adobe land results in the cracking and disintegrating of the road in a few seasons and in an effort to overcome this trouble County Surveyor Arnold is having the link of the county highway constructed in a manner tried in several eastern states and proved successful. The concrete is laid in two separate sections, each eight feet wide with a two-foot strip through the center. In this strip is placed oll macadam which 18 rolled level to the surface of the concrete and the entire surface Is faced with a topping. GOOD ROADS ARE ESSENTIAL Success of Motor Truck Express Lines Depends Greatly on Character of Highways. The success of the motor truck ex- press depends to a very large degree on the character of “the roads over which the routes run. Bad roads in- crease the operating costs, and conse- quently the rates to patrons, beyond the point of economy. Trucks are de- structive to roads unless the roads are permanently built. Therefore, the problem of improving and developing. the marketing facilities for farmers through the establishment of rwral, motor express lines is directly con- nected with the problem of permanent Improvement of the highways. TRUCK IS QUITE EFFICIENT Cost of Construction and Maintenance Is Lowered One-Half by Use of Equipment. In the construction and maintenance of the earth roads in.the rurrl sec- tions, the most efficient equipment yet found consists of a road grader drawn by a fiveton truck. This equipment will do the common grading such as 1s usually done on this type of road for about one-half the cost of doing the same work with teams in the old way. MANURE CARRIER IS USEFUL Cost of Handling Fertilizer Is Mate- rially Reduced—Hauled to Fields Immeg6iately. The cost of handling manure may be reduced by the use of a carrier and an overhead tracii. The usual plan is to throw the manure into the carrier; thig requires but one handling. The carrier is then dumped into the spread- er, which is hauled to the flelds and. Manure is! unloaded by the horses. thus handled but once. THE BEMIDJI DAILY PIONEER —EAT— AT Third > Street 'Cafe Our Waiters Do the Waiting BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL VETERINARIANS' J. WARNINGER VETERINARY SURGEON ..Office and Hospital 8 doors west. . of Troppman’s. Phone No. $03 3rd Street and Irvine ave. —————eeeeee o Dr. W. K. Dentson—Dr. D, R. Burnn‘ nsmo. & BURGESS eterinarians Phones: Ofllce 3-R; Re Bemiaji, Minn. e e ] A DENTISTS s I U, DR. H. A. HASS DENTIST Office Over Boardman’s Drug Store. Phone 447 DR. J. W. DIEDRICH Offiee—O’; -Bowser Blq l’hona.—oflim 6-W. eRn g’ll-!! DOCTORS AAAAAN AN AN A A AN DR. EINER JOHNSON Physician and Surgeon Bemidji, Minn. LUNDE and DANNENBERG Chiropractors Houra10 to 12 a.m.;3 to §, 7 to 8 p.m, Phone 401-W Calls made 1st National Bank Bldg. Bemidji DR. H. A. NORTHROP OSTEOPATHIO PEYSICIAN D SURGEON Ibertson Block Office phone 163 DR. E. H. SMITH Physician and Surgeonm . Office Security Bank Block e C. R. SANBORN, M. D. Physician and Surgeon Office: Miles Blosk House Phone 44v- Office phone 6§ DR. E. H. MARCUM Office hours, 11 a.m. to 12 m., 2 pm. to 5 p.m. Schroeder Block. Office phone 18, Res. phone 211. —_— DRS. GILMORE & McCANN Physicians and Surgeons Office Miles Block B —— A. V. GARLOCK, M. D. Eye—Ear—Nose—Throat Glasses Pitted SPECIALIST DR. E. A. SHANNON, M. D. Physician and Surgeon Office in Mayo Block Phone 396 Res. Phone 397 DR. L. A. WARD I Physician and Surgeon Bemidji, Minn. BUSINESS o~ s e e A e 2 o e e g, E. M. SATHRE Buys Small Houses for cash and sells them on small monthly payments ——————————————————— TRANSFER & DRAY LINE Nymore and Bemidji Phone 620-W D. H. FISK, Attorney at Law Office, Northern National Bank Bldg. Phone 181. Collections a specialty. T —————— Y NORTHERN MINN. AGENCY. Dwight D. Miller WE CAN Insure Anything Anywhere Offices, Northern National Bank Bldg., Phone 181 MUSICAL IN STRUMENTS PAGE SEVEN Flanocs, Organs, Bewi; 814 Minnesota Ave. T, Bisiar, Mgr. Phone 678-W ‘TOM SMART Dray and Tramster Res. Phone 68 Office Phone 12 $18 America W. G. SCHROEDER GENERAL MERCHANDISE ¥roceries, Dry Goods, Shoes, Flour o Eto. Bemidjl, Minn. Phone 48 Macnines FIRE INSURANCE REAL ESTATE REYNOLDS & WINTER 212 Beltrami Avenue Phone 144 H. C. NELSON Piano Tuning and Piano &nd Violin Repairing—Bow Filling 216 Beltrami Ave. Phone 573W are rodent proot, night :-lh-oln::)ygld. absolu rigid. ¥ W Made o the *build For Big Business and th(lo pe Investigate today the everlasting merits of GF Allstee} Office Furniture=-w security, its beauty, its economy. its efficiency.4« Equip your office with OF, Allstee) filing systems, card indexes, ssfes, desks, shelnng, etc.; they will gm your business s most impressive atmosphere, an atmosphere that can be maie- tained for years because all added equipment wil) be uniform. All GF Allstee) picces are electnically welded wio one jroce—no ous & bolts to wear or work looss, or mar i appearancey " PIONEER STATIONERY, HOUSE EalIDJI, MINN. m h Taking the Chase Out of Purchase E l Advertising benefits the man who buys as well as the man who sells. It is part of the Golden Rule of Busi- ness and it works both ways: Don’t miss the advertisements in this newspaper. Many of them are interesting just because of their news and educational value alone. But more than that: Advertisements take the chase out of purchase and make every penny do its full duty. This last statement is one particularly to be remembered when common-sense economy is not only a national duty, but an individual necessity. DON'T MISS The ADVERTISEMENTS ——— e —— 1 § Bk, S