Bemidji Daily Pioneer Newspaper, January 31, 1920, Page 2

PAGE TWO - © CGIVE SITTING HENS SPECIAL ATTENTION Thoroughly Dust Fowl With Good Insect Powder. [Arrange Nest in Some Dark, Out-of- the-Way Place, Where She Will Not Be Disturbed—Water and : Feed Are Necessary. As the time approaches for the hen %o become broody or sit, if care is taken to look into the nest, it will be seen that there are a few soft, downy feathers being left there by the hen; also the hen stays longer on the nest ‘when laying at this time, and on being approached will quite likely remain on the nest, making a clucking noise, ruffling her feathers and pecking at the intruder. When it is noted that a hen sits on the nest from two to three nights In succession and that most of the feathers are gone from her dbreast, which should feel hot to the hand, she is ready to be transferred to a nest which has been prepared for her beforehand, according to a poul- try specialists of the United States <department of agriculture. The nor- mal temperature of a hen is from 106 to 107 degrees F., which varies slightly during incubation. Dust the hen thoroughly with insect powder, and in applying the powder hold the hen by the feet, the head down, working the powder well into the feathers, giving special attention to regions around the vent ‘and under the wings. The powder should. also e sprinkled in the nest. * The nest should be in some quiet, out-of-the-way place, where the hen will not be disturbed. Move her from the regular laying nest at night and handle her carefully in doing so. Put a china egg or two In the nest where she is to sit and place a board over the opening so that she canot get off. Toward the evening of the second day quietly go in where she is sitting, leave some feed and water, remove the board from the front or top of the nest, and let the hen come off when she 4s ready. Should .she return to the mest after feeding, remove the china egg or eggs and put under those that are to be incubated. If the nests are slightly darkened the hens are less likely to become restless. At rgtching time they should be conflned and not be disturbed until the hatch is com- pleted, unless they become restless, when it may be best to remove the chicks that are hatched first. In cool weather it is best not to put more than ten eggs under a hed. while Inter in the spring one can put twelve or fifteen, according to the size of the hen. INDIANS FOR BETTER SIRES ‘Farmer of Fort Bidwell Agency, Cali- fornia, Is Staunch Advocate of Campaign, ERIDEREIRAe SRS & U NS RO S S W. H. Murray, a farmer of the Fort sBidwell Indian agency, in California, 4is a staunch advocate of better sires. according to information just received by the department of agriculture. In applying for enrollment in the fed- eral-state “Better Sires—Better Stock” campaign, Mr. Murray announces that since he took charge of the agency in July he has already sent to the block two scrub boars and has re- placed them with a pure-bred bour. “I have always believed in raising the best, and hope the movement toward better sires will act like the proverbial snowbnll, get speed and size quickly. then stay frozen.” The Fort Bidwell Indian agency is a part of the United States Indinn service of the depart- :nent of the interior. - TESTS OF ASIATIC GRASSES May Disclose Species That Will Soilve Problem of Range Improvement on Semi-Arid Lands. Numerous grasses and legumes se- cured by bhotanical explorations In cen- g tral Asin may disclose species that ¢ will solve the problem of range im- provement on semi-arid lands, accord- ing to the bureau of plant indystry, United States department of agricul- ture. There is a constant demand for grass that will increase the amount of feed ahove that which may be se- cured by rational grazing of the land ander fences, and specialists of the department are undertaking a syste- matic testing of Aslatic grasses anpd legumes. Dampness in a poultry house usu- ally is cansed by insufficient ventila- tion or overcrowding. . » Don’t keep a lot of young or old male birds in the flock to worry the rest of the birds and to eat away ex- pensive grains. . .. You know how scarce hen's teeth are? Then give plenty of grit to grind the feed. . = s W The market for geese is not so general as for chickens. This point should be considered in undertaking -the raising of geese. LA A farm near a Yiver or .ake Is a good place to raise ducks, although ducks will do very well when they do not have access to water. % THE BEMIDJ] DAILY PIONEER INTERESTING EXPERIMENT WITH PASTURE CROPS FOR PRODUCING WOOL AND MUTTON s (Prepared by the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture.) The old dictum of making two blades of grass to prosper where one formerly succumbed has been applied to sheep farming in an experiment conducted by specialists of the United Stetes de- partment of agriculture. A field of 30 acres has been used exclusively dur- ing the past four seasons, for produc- ing forage crops to be harvested by sheep. The fleld Is divided into ten plats, and during the recent season every portion grew at least two dif- ferent crops, while on some of the unit areas three crops were grown and grazed. Oats and Peas Follow Wheat. Fall-sown wheat provided the earli- est available pasturage in the spring, and after this was exhausted the sheep were shifted to an early spring sowing of oats and peas. Thence they moved to another tract of oats and peas, which they grazed luxuriantly and well until the supply of green stuff was curtailed, when they were transferred to alfalfa and rape pas- turage. This medley mixture of green feed furnished good grazing until about the middle of July, when the soy beans were available for pasture pur- poses. As a consequence of. the intensive atilization of pasture crops for mut- ton and wool production, this field of 80 acres furnished sufficlent feed for 70 ewes and 60 lambs for a 200-day period. - The best grazing resulted from a patch of three acres of soy beans, which carried 60 sheep for 30 days with satisfactory results. The system of management followed was to move the lambs and, as far as pos- sible, the old ewes at regular inter- wals of not less than two weeks from Sheep Relish Frequent Change of Fresh Forage Crops. one patch of green feed to another. This practice of moving the sheep fre- quently to fresh ground, as well as the plan of plowing the land for the subsequent crop, eliminated the dan- ger of loss from stomach worms. * Although the system requires some extra preparation of the land and Seeding, as well as shifting of the shevp from one plat to another and providing plenty of water for the mnut- ton makers, it nevertheless, is be- lieved worthy of trial, especially in sections of high-priced farming land where a maximum return wmust be realized from every acre used. The Results Applied. On the basig of the results in this experiment a flock of 200 breeding ewes would require 80 acres of forage crops. It would require the services of two men and one team to produce 80 acres of forage crops, in addition to caring for the sheep. Winter feed for such a flock, together, together with that for horses, would require 35 acres of sim- flar land, making a total of 115 acr of farm land necessary for the main- tenance of a 200-ewe flock under this system. On the basis of the 1919 market prices, the gross income from a reaSonably well-managed ewe flock handled in this way would be about $3,000. This figure represents the re- turn of the ewes on 115 acres of land and a year’s work of two men and four horses, There would be a higher expense for seed than in ordinary farmingz, but the amount of labor required and its distribution throughout the year would afford a very marked advantage in fa- vor of sheep farming as compared |’ with other uagricultural actlvities pro- duc!ng an equal revenue. HOG STYLES CHANGED IN SOUTHERN STATES Apparent Aim Is to Expedite Growth in Best Type. Farmer Should Not Be Influenced by Fads or Fancies in Selecting and Maintaining Breeding Stock— No Best Breed. " South of the Mason and Dixon line hog styles are changing, the underly- ing idea apparently being to eliminate extravagance, to effect intensive econ- omy, to expedite growth in the most profitable types of porkers: to amalga- mate, as soon as possible, the good points of the most profitable producers and to concentrate them in the ma- Jority of soqthern herds, It is dndeniable that some breeds of swine do better under certain condi- tions and with certain feeds and meth- ods of feeding than do others, al- though there is no outstanding breed which excels, report specialists of the United States department of agricul- ture. No fads and fancies should in- fluence the farmer in selecting or maintaining foundation breeding stock. Primarily the farmer breeds hogs for profit and accordingly he should work only with utility animals of the most desirable type. In every breed of hogs there are cer- tain lines of breeding that are deserv- edly popular because they have been built through generations of careful selection by master breeders who have been successful in establishing the more fundamental qualities. The farm- er should Kkeep these facts in mind apd should continue such improvement by close culling and proper feeding. The farmer's popular hog should be of a breed that is liked by both feed- ers and packers, animals that are adapted to all sections of the country and which will thrive and fatten on a large variety of feeds. It is essential that such porkers produce the maxi- mum weight at the minimum cost; that they mature early to the greatest weight consistent with quality and that they inherit the ability to pro- duce an abundance of frame and to make rapid growth. Broad, high backs with good spring of ribs and full, deep hams denote car- rying ability and high-priced cuts, Good strong feed and heavy bone are essential for the support and produc- tion of great weight. Long, deep and roomy bodies denote prolific qualities and plenty of pork. Deep chests and bright, open eyes are signs of vigor and energy. Size spells more meat for the hungry world and more money for the southern hog producers who raise and market animals of the type de- scribed above, WINTER WORK FOR FARMERS Wood Cutting in Cool Weather Does Not Intérfere With Field Crop Operations. Farmers, as a rule, have too much to do at certain times of the year and not enough at others. Many farms are unprofitable because their owners have little or nothing planned for winter, Wood cutting can be done at any time, but cool weather favors the rate of production, and in the winter the work does not conflict with that on regular fleld crops. If cut in winter logs are not subject to rapid drying, nor to deep checking at the ends of the logs, which often occurs in summer-cut logs and appreciably reduces their sale value. Because of injury from the gouthern pine bark beetle in the hot season, it is practically necessary to cut pine in the fall and winter months. Damage and loss in summer often come from wood-rotting fungl, including the “bluing” and other staining of wood. For these reasons a good many farm- ers turn profitably to logging and saw- milling for a few fall or winter months each year. Nearly every kind of wood product can be satisfactorily handled in winter, according to the forest ser- vice of the United States department of agriculture. BEEKEEPERS GO TO SCHOOL Short Courses Are Now Being Con- ducted in Several Western States ~—Others to Follow. The beekeepers of several states which boast of large honey production are going back to school. Under the direction of representatives of the United States department of agricul- ture short courses for commercial beekeepers are now being conducted in Idaho, Washington, California and Texas. During the first two months of the new year similar instruction will be given in Ohio, Kansas, Iowa, Minnesota and New York. There is particular need this season that own- ers of aplaries have all possible as- sistance because the shortage of sugar promises to make it difficult to carry the swarms through the winter. LIVE STOCK %= NoOTES Stock feeding provides steady em- ployment to the farmer. . e e No animal on the farm succumbs more quickly to disease than sheep. . It is important that the calf pens be placed to avoid too great variations In temperature. * s ° Calves should not be crowded—not more than four In each pen. Provide a stanchion for.eafh falt. ‘DRY CLEANING Olothes Cleansrs for Men, Women D7 ¢ CLEANING HOUSE 0 ZANY ON BROS B&IPS PulpwoodTies We are in the market for pulpwood and ties. We can place all your ties down to six and one-half inches of timber. We want your pulpwood. Write or call— 215 Irvine Ave. Bemidji E remain steadfast in our purpose to con- duct our business inanefficient, commendable man- ner. Our reliabil- ity is unquestion- ed. Our business conduct has been’ such that it has won for us the public’s approval. THE PIONEER WANT ADS BRING RESULTS STEEL SAFE SAVES | - $5500 BONDS _ News has reached us of three big fires on Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Years, which are of particular interest to buyers of all steel safes. On Christmas Day in Detroit, the Cad its bigges't fire since 1904 and an Under- writers’ Model Safe made by The General Fireproofing Co. of Youngstown, Ohio, came through this $500,000 fire with its precious contents (including $5,600 in Lib- erty Bonds) intact. On’Christmas Day in Detroit, the Cadiillac Motor Car Co. had a fire of approx- imately $100,000 destruction. In the very heart of this fire stood a battery of Vertical Files made by the same company, containing valuable records and papers. The intense heat of the fire completely melted off the drawer pulls and label holders. Upon open- ing, the papers were legible and the records were intact. i On New Years Day, Tampa, Florida, witnessed a fire that for a time threatened to destroy the entire city. The blaze was not conquered until over $400,000 in property was destroyed. In that fire a Vertical File also made by this company, came through with papers preserved while ordinary iron safes failed to pass the test, and in which the contents were destroyed. Such new;s as this has its object lesson. This week the mind of the nation is being instructed in Thrift, Conservation and economy. It is an obvious fact that office equipment such as passed through thesethree fires, points the way to any business man who wishes to practice thrift in his business. All steel safes and filing cabinets are sold in this territory exclusively by the Bemidji Pioneer Stationery House. 192-Phone-192 For First Class | Livery Service| and moderate prices | Service Day and Night Rain or Shine JONAS ERICKSON| = For your Livery Car “Service.and Courtesy Our Motto o o Ward Bros. Auto Livery l' fITm e q i i ~1 o i JURS i i i ¢ A Change in the W eather DO not be troubled é\ny longer with your wooden office equip- ment, especially when changing weather zauses drawers to stick and warp. The equipment preferred by progressive concerns is GF ALLSTEEL GI' Allstees resists fire, it repels rats and vermin. It is not affected by hu- qidity, climatic conditions, or heating systems. i Jt is always easy to operate, space-saving, wear-proof, and spic-and-span in ap- pearance—in full harmony with the dignity of your business. Let us give you other facts soon. Step in today. PIONEER STATIONERY STORE. BEMIDJI, MINN. MINNESOTA