The evening world. Newspaper, September 4, 1922, Page 12

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LINCOLN SAW IT. 6cé HE strongest bond of human sym- pathy outside of the family relation should be the one uniting all working people, of all nations and tongues and kindreds. “Nor should this lead to war upon property or the owners of property. “Property is the fruit of labor; property is desirable; That some should be rich shows that others ive good in the world. a posi may become rich, and hence is just encour- agement to industry and enterprise. “Let not him who is houseless pull down the house of another, but let him work di gently and build one for himself, thus by ex- ample assuring that his own shall be safe from violence when built.” The Evening World has pointed before to these words of Abraham Lincoln. It makes no apology for pointing to them again on a Labor Day that finds the whole country in a frame of mind to ponder them No one can charge Lincoln with having been openly or secretly the foe of labor. No one can accuse him of lack of sympathy with the working- man or of any personal affiliation or interest on the side of capital “Tam not ashamed to confess,” he said, “that twenty-five years ago | was a hired laborer, maul- ing rails, at work on a flatboat—just what might happen to any poor man’s son.” No one believes that Lincoln would ever have sought to block any of the just aims for which labor has striven through organization and col- lective bargaining. Hear him again: “I am glad to see that a system of labor prevails under which laborers can strike when they want to, where they are not obliged to I like man quit when he work under all circumstances * * * the system that wants to.” lets a But it is as if the wisdom of Lincoln had dis- cerned the dangers ahead. It is as if he had tried, in the immortal sim- plicity of that wisdom, to utter a warning to the American workingman never to let himself be or- ganized’into a class consciously and permanently distinct from other cl “When one starts poor, as most do in the race of life, free society is such that he knows he can better his condition; he knows that there is no fixed condition of labor for his whole life * * * “I want every man to have the chance in which he can better his condition—when he may look forward and hope to be a hired laborer this year and the next, work for bim- self afterward, and finally to hire men to work for him. That is the true system.” Ses: ¢ Old-fashioned it sounds beside the modern lingo. But no glib economist of to-day can get around its fundamental sanity. One of the gravest of present problems is how to persuade the American worker not to go too far with the thing that has gained him so much, He would have to be more, than human not to be excited over what organized fighting has won him. only be safely consolidated provided the whole Nation continues secure and prosperous. Yet he must realize that his gains can And he strikes at that security and prosperity wherever he unionizes himself into Nation-wide groups whose purposes harden into indifference toward all interests outside their own. Nothing has more depressed the country in the coal and rail strikes of this year than to see again how disputes that ought to be settled severally and separately, without disrupting industry, are instead expanded to Nation-wide proportions, where they become vast and menacing issues. For this, notably in the case of the rail strike, the Government was partly to blame. It failed OF S* ‘THE EVENING WORLD, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 4, 1922. to recognize the fact that capital was flouting a Government agency until labor flouted it too, A wise Government would have gone out of its way to avoid laying itself open to charges of such partiality. avoided harsh and belated measures whose chief effect must be to shock organized labor further into class consciousness The blunders of the present Administration at Washington do not, however, relieve union labor of the obligation soberly to consider its responsi- bilities while celebrating its successes. The American workingman must be saved at any cost from those who would mobilize him into a social group hostile to other groups. The way to save him is to do what Lincoln would have done—reawaken his pride as an indi- vidual; quicken his sense of his right to toil and rise as an independent worker no less than as an organization member; make him feel what he owes, for his own lasting good, to the Nation whose welfare is his welfare That Nation cannot continue to stand on its present foundations if it becomes a Nation of classes instead of a} opportunities and common interests. Lincoln saw that as clearly as he saw that it could not stand divided against itself on another great elemental issue of human labor. That is why Lincoln on labor is good Labor Day reading. NOT ALL HARVEYIZED. w York Times correspondent cables: A wise Government would also have ation of free men with equal the Third Assembly of the League of Na- tions which opens to-day at Geneva, the “When the session opened, the country having the largest number of citizens beneath the ancient oak roof-tree of Salle dé la Reformation will be the United States of America, Seats have been assigned to seventy-elght Americans, yexceeding by more than twenty the seats assigned to the citizens of any other nation, These Americans represent organizations of cit- izens of the United States for the most part, and others are prominent citizens, The only reason there won't be a hundred more is that there were not enough plac If we are not mistaken, this is the same League of Nations concerning which Ambassador George Harvey as unrebuked spokesman for the Harding Administration said some fifteen months ago: “The present Government of the United States will not have anything whatsoever to do with the League or with any commission or com- mittee appointed by directly or indirectly, openly or furtively.” When it comes to interest in the League, it looks as if the people of the United States and their present Government were not quite as soulfully in accord as “the great mandate of 1920" was taken to indicate. Their hearts are not all Harveyized. it or responsible to it, When Greek meets Turk it seems to be dif- ferent. TOO GREAT A COST. Physicians and oculists’ certifi Sessions. We are paying a grim price for the speed and We have got to reduce that price or admit that we have created convenience of the automobile. a Juggernaut. The weather contributed valiant help toward VEN dead, two dying: and thirty-three in- jured was the record this morning of holiday motor car accidents in and about New York. And the Labor Day week-end was not over. Two hundred and thirteen persons, of whom 115 were under sixteen years old, were killed in the Borough of Manhattan alone during the first half of 1922, the August Grand Jury of New York County reports. ates for all li- censed motor vehicle drivers, jail sentences instead of fines, and an extension of the Fifth Avenue traffic system to other congested points are among the recommendations submitted by the Grand Jury to Judge Koenig of the Court of General putting a general damper on this Labor Day, ACHES AND PAINS Little things continue to count. The Bronx Platypus survived the hectic Ufe of our This is a record great city for exactly forty-nine days. for his family. . Let us all strike and have it over with, use of doing things piecemeal? . The oyster season opened with a rush. swallowed a baby. . Nothing ever happens unless it happens to me, And I'm always of the young while yet there elder be. . One best bet: Mr time bucking the U. 8. A. . The most virtuous of people are those who do not want others to do something they do not want to do themselves, . The excitement over the cutting off of Cohalan JOHN KEETZ. seems to huve subsided t \ The cigarette is one of the largest producers of revenue for Uncle Sam. What's the This minds us that when William M. Thackeray ate his first American bivalve he said he felt as if he had Gompers will not have a good Who Said the Public Is Ignored? 2 1922, yriaht, Co, * Bul ing World) By John Cassel | From Evening World Readers What kind of letter do you find most ri dable? Isn't it the one that gives the worth of a thousand words in a couple of hundred P There te say much in few words. Take fine mental exercise and a lot of satisfaction in trying time to be br: Face the Trafic, To the Editor of The Evening World: You recently published @ letter in which the Secretary of the North Jer- sey Auto Club called attention to the dangerous practice of pedestrians who walk “with” instead of “against” the traffic. This 1s a very timely subject and deserves greater publicity. 1 firm ly believe that a large number of ac- cidents could be avoided by inaugurat- ing a campaign of education through the press, the movies and the National Sarety Council. From observation not more than 10 per cent. of the people using automobile roads realize they d in constant danger of not being seen at night, particularly if they are wearing dark clothes and the autoist is using his dims." The driver is thus forced to use his headlights continuously to avoid hitting such people. Even then, as your correspondent pointed out, his lights may be nullified by stronger ones coming toward him. ‘The pedes trian, by walking on the left side, has a complete view of traffic in both di rections, so far as it affects him, ani is always in a position to know when to step off the road for his own safety While on the subject of lights I would like to see in your columns # discussion by readers on the matter of road light “courtesy. My personal opinion is, that aside from the danger of hitting pedestrians after having “dimmed” the lights, the possibility of collision is increased by inability to see ruts and holes or running into drainage ditches resulting in losing control of the steering whi Tam speaking of the average suburban road of narrow width and uneven edge, In the Interest of safety I am in favor of less of this mistaken “light” courtesy—more of real driving court- esy, he, less “hoxgishness''—and a campaign along the lines indicated in the letter above referred to, J, M. Bogota, N, J., Aug. 81 1923. A Cause of Discontent. To the Editor of The Eve Prohibition ts one of the causes for so much unrest in the country to- day, Through this unwise piece of le islation the people are compelled to endure an unnecessary hardship, wheth was tacked on to a } den given to th vy bur- m by the exigencies of the late war. This insult to their in telligence, added to the injuries of the grafters and profiteers, makes life to the majority of the people almost un- bearable. All the radical agitators in the world outside of the Prohibition~ ists could not stir up as much harm as the latter have done, No wonder discontent is growing among the masses, ‘The law itself ts meant to reach all classes of people and is gradually be- 1 ing more or less felt by every one in some shape, manner or form. ‘The poor man, of course, was the first to f the pinch of Prohibition, Then came the man of moderate means who was caught with only a small stock of liquor in his cellar, If his slight sup- ply is not already exhausted he ts at least worried over the length of time it will last. Finally, the herditary and merehant millionaires, whose sober habits of life are so well known to al- most everybody, are studying w and means to procure wines an liquors of the same standard of excel lence thi are accustomed to en- Joy hearts are gradu giving way to despair. So it is y easy to see how nearly every p in the land will ultimately. become a atisfied individual. No one can ever make me believe that 110,000,000 people will forever submit to the folly of such a tyranni- al Law, Surely it is about time that the polj ticians, reformers, grafters and profit errs came to their senses for the sake of eliminating some of the unrest and unhappindss brought about by thei: personal or selfish interest, JOHN LYNCH Brooklyn, Aug. 28. Why Stop At Ant To the Editor of The Evening World I am forced to speak in regatd to a letter from Eugene Ferris, printed recently in your paper, Ferris claims that “Christ would not sanction the use of anything that would lead ws into sin,’ Why drag Christ's name into a dis gusting argument for or against Pro hibition? Money leads us to sin; Women lead us to sin; Automobiles lead us to sin; Blue laws lead us to sin; Books, music, dancing, gain of pleasure, gain of power, gain of any kind leads us to sin—UNLESS WE ARE STRONG OUGH TO RE- SIST OUR SELFISH IMPULSES Make a complete job of it, oh you reforme and meddlers; — prohibit thing! prohibit life! THEN will be no sin, stop at liquor, corsets, litera ture, cigarettes, and motion pictures when you are not one tenth of the way through New York, Aug. JOHN COLLINS 1929. he Ruitor of Thi How ts this for phone service? Three times when I picked the re- ceiver off the hook to call a number the operator would say ‘Just a mo- ment, please,” and would give me a connection without asking me what number [| wanted, They're getting good. SAMUEL M. Kross New York City, Aug, 31, 1922 UNCOMMON SENSE By John Blake (Copy right, 1922, by Bell Syndicate, Inc.) LABOR DAY. The world liv savage s by labor. It constitutes the difference between civilization and And even the savage, in the most favored climate, must work or die. The history of the world is a history of labor. Industrious nations grew and flourished. ed to be industrious, they died. When th Through Western Europe, from Rome to England, is written the record of the industry that made the empire of the Caesars the master of the world. The great days of Greece are still pictured in the ruins of her great buildings. To the thinking man the pyramids explain the power of rypt. It is an excellent idea to set aside a day in the year in which labor can be honored. It is wholesome for all work with their hands, to realize how much the who do, in sone ‘Time was when every man form of daily toil other than mental. Now, when a part of the people often forget its importance and underrate people, whether or not they owe to those and most women—engaged world does ne manual labor, ts dignity. Yet able men in all ages have worked with their hands and taken pleasure in it. nd all hand workers are really brain workers, for it is the mind which directs the museles— whether they are tapping typewriters or shovelling coal. Labor problems have always standings. arisen out of misunder- If the people of the nations could be made to under- stand, even for one day, their interdependence; if the capital- ists and the laborers should talk frankly and squarely and come to an agreement as to how much each contributes to the wealth of the world, there would be no more strikes. A Labor Day spent in considering that problem would prove the most profitable day in all the year. WHERE DID YOU GET THAT WORD? 207.—COLLUSION. To classic ancestry we owe the word “collusion.” Originally In the Latin language, It meant ‘to play together’ ‘on,’ with, and ‘‘ludo,’’ to play). ‘aying together’? is not generally regarded as a deceitful practice, but when the game is “played together" for the purpose of deceit or overreach- ing it takes on the atmosphere of trickery. It is in this sense that American and English law regards collusion, which is generally treated as an of- fense, punishable under certain cir- cumstances. ‘The word ‘collusion’ ts a good tllus- tration of the process by which words originally embodying no stigma have been gradually eliminated from de- cent society by restricted use in an evil sense to which they have been | subjected, A WHOSE BIRTHDAY? SEPT, 4—MARCUS WHITMAN, American missionary and pioneer, was born at Rushville, N. Y., Sept 4, 1802, and died Oc . 1847, After completing a medical course gt Pitts: fleld, Mass., he practiced both in Can ada and in New York State. In 1 he was sent by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Mis sions to the Oregon territory for mis. sionary work, He returned East al- most immediately to secure other workers, and before crossing the con- tinent again he married, taking his wife with him when going back to Oregon. Trouble with the Indians proved to be too much for the mis- sionartes to continue with their work and so headquarters in Boston ordered that the mission be abandoned Broken hearted, Whitman again journeyed across the continent to urge the revocation of the order. His story gained* for the mission much sympathy and financial aid tn both Blue Law Persecution By Dr. S. E. St. Amant, Copyright, 1022, (New York oPyWorid) by Press Publishing IN PORTO RICO. , Even Porto Rico is not free from the curse of Sunday laws. The fol+ lowing is section 553 of the Revised Statutes and Codes of that island: | “That on every Sunday commeretal \ and industrial establishments, except. \ ing public markets, pharmacies, bak~ eries, hotels, restaurants, cafes and places where refreshments only are served, excepting also public and quasi-public utilities and work: of emergency, necessary to pI vent unusual and serious finan= cial loss, ghall remain closed and do no business whatever after 12 o'clock noon, This prohibi- tion shall not, however, extend to theatres and other places devoted ex- clusively to amusements or to chari- table purposes; at all such places it shall be lawful to work at any hour » but only in aid of sug able purposes or amusements.’ 2 is a Sunday law specificall! permitting the running of theatre! and places of amusement on Sunday. The people might about as well be told on the start to do on Sunday as they do on other days; that is, as they please, Unlike the Divine Sabbath law, which simply sets forth the great principle of six days devoted to our own work and the seventh to God; and the Divine Word, which seeks to promote true Sabbath-keeping by laying down broad principles rather than by entering into minute details, the makers of Sunday laws go into all sorts of particulars. They assumo to become conscience for other men; to say just Who may and who may not work on Sunday; what lines of business may and what lines may not be conducted on that day, and what kinds of goods may be sold and what kinds may not be sold on the first day of the week Instead of appealing to the Divi law, to men's own conscientious con- vietions, and to the blessings result- ne from true Sabbath-keepin; Which, in the very nature of the case must be voluntary, the authors of these laws appeal to human law. The set up One man's conscience ag a tandard for the conduct of other men, They institute a foreed Sab- bath rest, which, to the obsequious and indifferent, means enforced tdlew ness; and to those whose conscien, tous convictions differ with the Standard thus set up—persecution. They intrude into the domain of th soul, and the inevitable results a) religious: sislation and perseeution Famous Philosophies By Louis M. Norley wy HERBERT SPENCER (1820-1903)— EVOLUTION IN NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. The piinciple philosophy has bee eeking is the principle of evolution. very phenomenon has come into so far as we ure concerned, by sss of evolution, In the worlit matter and energy ure cen- stantly passing from one state or ure rangement to another. As this ce: lessly takes place, particular things-- suns, systems, planets, continents, forests, plants, animals, men societtes, mental states—appeur and pass awa If we examine curefully, we obseg that what happens can be reduced, larger outlir to two opposed special p es, which more or jess rhythmically take each other's place In any given part of the world, Her- bert Spencer observed the very mechanism of the physical world und noticed the spectacle of a rhythmic alternation of growth and decay. One of these processes occurs when bodies collect more closely together, cool, condense, contract, solidify, stif- fen, harden, while the energy that they formerly contained is in) part lost, being spread-out as radiant en- ergy over vast spaces, or conducted away to other hodies. Wherever sucl} be apr at lar Processes of “interation’? predomi nate, there occurs what we shall cal evolution, The other process occurs when bodies get expanded, lique vaporized, evaporated, scattered, sun- dered, widely distributed. This proc less, wherever it predominates, 1s calle dissolution Herbert Spencer wi more interested in evolution than { olntion. ‘As we now understand it, evolutto Js definable as a change from an in coherent homorenelty to a coheren! heterogeneity, accompanying the dis sipation of motion and integration o matter, Fvolution is a change from the tn: definite to the definite. Along wit an advance from simplicity to co plexity, there Is an advance fra confusion to order—from undeter' mined arrangement to determined ar. rangement. Development, no matte! of what kind, exibits not only a multi plication of unlike r but an in. crease in the clearness with which these parts are marked off from oni another. Life, according to Spencer, consi#t of an adjustment of internal relation: to external relations, Organisms are not only directly determined by ternal factors rts, by means of which they are enal adjust themselves more advantal the New York and Washington, But w fortunately the good work of this was cut short soon after his rotu: to the missior, for an attack wal made by hostile Indians who tortured and killed the missionaries.