The evening world. Newspaper, February 2, 1922, Page 22

Qf al! news despatches erediird to 1: oF Gnd also the local news pubilsuea ber: ———$_ =—_ { a We APRS USTABLIGHED RY JOSEPH PULITZER Mudlished Dally Excop: Sunday by The Press Publis Compgny. Nos MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS « The Asvociet'd Pre fF entiuea to the use for re THE GOLDEN BLS. Ae reported eagerness of the Manhattan Pransit Company, whose history and ant xedenis were described in The Evening World yesterday, to | begome the operator of a gigamtic bus system in this ity is another sign of how good the bus looks as a future business proposiii: a. While there seems to be decided doubt whether this company could make good its alleged claim to a perpetual franchise to run on every street in every first-class city in the State, there is no doubt of the fabulous value of anything approaching such 4 franchise. With Mayor Hylan proposing to tear up all the surface lines in the city and replace them with buses, and with private interests hankering after bus privi- leges, the bus question will need firm and careful handling by the Transit Commission. On this subject the commission has so far showa’ | Itself calm and cool-headed. It has repeatedly af- firmed its belief in the wider use of the bus as a feeder and short-haul carrier, But it has declined to accept the bus as a cure-all that shall immediately Sweep all other surface transit off the map. Two weeks ago Chairman McAneny said to The Evening World: “All this talk about ripping up the surface tracks on a wholesale scale is of a piece with the talk about tearing down the elevated structures. If, as T have roughly estimated, it would take $300,000,000 to replace the ‘L’ lines, it would take $20,000,000 more to buy out and replace the trolley systems. To spend a round half billion dollars in rip- ping up and changing around, instead of building new lines and gradually eliminating the old, would be a criminal folly, even if it were possible to finance such a scheme, which it isn’t. As for turing loose « horde of buses to run where they pleased in order to do the surviving Surface lines to death, how far would the courts sustain the equity of such a proceeding? The problem is not as simple as that. A sweep of the Hylan hand won't solve it. Nor will the zeal, however intense, of those who see profit in buses. In the early rounds the groundhog had al! the best of it. The coal man claimed a foul on the basis of the weather prediction—rain, WILL. MR. HOWARD STEP DOWN? HE appointment of James R. Howard to suc- | ceed Senator Kenyon of lowa would be likely to silence most of the criticism of President Har- ding and Mr. Kenyon voiced by members of the agricultural bloc. If Senator Kenyon considered a Federal Judge- ship a promotion trom the Senate, it is hard to con- ceive how Mr. Howard could consider a Senatorial Seat in any light other than a demotion from the influential post "he has occupied as chiéf executive of the Farm Bureau Federation. Because of his influential position as a dirt farmer leader of the dirt farmers, Mr. Howard could prob- ably play a larger role in the Senate than most new Senators, but it is unlikely that he could wield any Such measure of power as he has for the last six months or so. Since the formation of the agricultural bloc Mr. | Howard has been a “bo: votes of many Senators. Such control? It He has controlled the improbable. If Mr. Howard becomes a Republican Senator, he | must inevitably step down from his high estate as feader of a non-partisn agrarian movement. Sen- ator Howard as a colleague of Newberry wouldn't loom near so large as Mr. Howard, President of the Farm Bureau Federation. COMPETITIVE COLLEGE DEGREES. “ce HE modern college is a high<lass countr: club,” according to President Nicholas Murray Butler of Columbia. Prof. Sihler of New | | York University says: “Enjoyment of luxury and ease for four years and a little study on the side constitute satisfactory fulfilment of requirement for a college degree nowadays.” If a college degree has lost value, whose fault is it? The students are hardly blamable. The heads of the colleges are. Some students earn their de- grees. They work hard and learn, It does not seem that a return to the classies is the only path which may lead to the restoration of the value and meaning of a degree. But something ought to be done in justice to hard-working Students. ® The demand for college education exceeds the supply. Institutions of higher learning are driven « sele@ion of students to fit the educational plant available. Some colleges are eliminating the hope- fess by psychological tests. Why not go further and put college degrees on & competitive basis? Why not survey the field and determine the maxi- mum number of students who may be instructed adequately in a given institution? Then divide thls Can he hope to continue | « | © THE EVENING WORLD, THURSDAY, FEBRUA | total into four groups to correspond ‘to the four years of academic life. Then let the students com- pete with each other for the prize of a degree. To show the working of machinery for com- petitive elimination, let us suppose that the fresh- man chss each year is limited to 1,000 students. The second-year class might be 500, with 300 maxi- mum for the third and 200 for the fourth year. These figures are merely illustrative. Under a competitive system the familiar “p: grade,” which entitles a student to continue his studies, would be eliminated. In place of this he would know that if he were one of the best S00 he could enter the second year, and so on. “Best” would imply habits of study as well as examina- tion marks. Those who “skin through” under the present system would go out. The degree holder would be a picked man. His degree would be a certificate of excellence. He would be one of sev- eral who éntered the race on even terms with him These need not bar the “ilmost goods” from continuing their studies and improving their minds. But they would not be eniitled to degrees. The degree would be reserved for the best. The more rigorous the elimination the more valuable the de- gree and the more earnestly it would be sought by those who go to college to work instead of to play. THE GREAT STEP. |e let anybody fool you. Big things happened at Washington yester- day—things to rejoice over without reservation. Representatives of the United States, Great Britain, Japan, France and Italy formally and unanimously approved a treaty which puts the old costly habit of competitive dreadnought building into the discard. It means billions of dollars saved henceforth to taxpayers—including taxpayers of the United States. It means suppression of one of the chief incitements to war. Surely that is something to thank God for These same five powers also agreed to ban the submarine as a lawless destroyer of merchant ships. As Mr, Root significantly observed : “We may grant that the rules limfting the use of implements of warfare may be violated in the stress of war, but beyond rules and Govern- ments there rests the public opinion of civiliza- tion, and the public opinion of the world can punish * * * with punishment that means national! ruin.” No nation is going to find it profitable to start a | New game of naval rivalry and menace with sub- marines, A The whole naval armament race is off. For one reason or another, a considerable part of the public has lost its perspective on the Arms Conference. etary Hughes's method of start- ing with the bir bang gave subsequent parleyings and concessions more than due prominence. The cynics had their day. The moment s now come for the public to ge back its vision and cheer with all its voice for the great balance of solid, epoch-making accomplish- ment, When the United States Senate gets the Arms Conference treaties it should be left in no dbubt as to what an overwhelming majority of the people ot the United States expects it to do with them. The Hylan Business Men's League now con- fesses that its hindsight on the “d-cent fare issue” is more accurate than its mistaken for ‘sight. But can they convert the Mayor? ACHES AND PAINS A Disjointed Column by John Keetz. It appears the bucket shops are busting because the buckets are empty. The Burlington Hawkeye is sending abroad an ap peal asking newspapers to urge their readers to eat more corn. Corn, it appears, is 65 per cent. of our | agriculture output and is being burned instead of eaten. Some of it used to be turned into a beverage called Bourbon, Still we want to help. Why not start up the old lyric: “I'm Captain Jinks of the Horse Marines; I feed my wife good corn and beans It is 1,283 miles from New York to Palm Beacn, Seems such a long distance for Hizzoner to be away from us! Mrs. Asquith continues to be frank!: “If you didn hear me, you didn’t miss much.” Now they can't locate the latest shiver of our sphere. Oliver Hereford once wrote something about “A Bashful Earthquake.” Perhaps this was it ‘They say Frank Doubleday has sold of Gene Stratton Porter's Limberlost tales. Pretty good for moths and butterflies. Frank's gone yacht ing in the wet zone of the British Bahamas Boston has a club of Harvard men numbering 2,800 who are down on Prexy A. Lawrence Lowell, Couldn't some kind of a club be wielded on Henry Cabot Lodge? James R. Howard, who is slated to succeed Sey ator Kenyon of Iowa, so swiftly transplanted to the bench, {s credited with owning a 480-acre farm. The poor man! |'To the Eiitor (with the legislative ope | 500,000 copies From Evening World Readers What kind of letter doyou find most readable? Isn't it the one (hat gives the worth of a thousand words in a couple of hundred? There is fine mental exercise and a lot of satisfaction in trying te “ay much in few words. Take time to be brief. “Who Are‘ Evening Worhi ant der of The Eve- id, Times and Sun. Your editorial “Who Are They? should sive food for thought to every think- ing person, Nothing alon; lines h Tam a con ning W the same appeared in the other two papers so has come to my no- tice The truth is that the country, the “sand the man on the street are so ss has taken second place, This experiment has cost millions of |dollars, loss of life, thrown number- Jess people out of work, clog tue judiciary machinery 1 up interfered ions at Washington and Albany (and else Where) and also proved a failure In the last campaign we were told that Prohibition was not an issue yet Anderson and his clique are busy with our ntatives at Albany on all sorts of dry measures. Is not this exactly the manner in which the 34 of 1 y th y never would get If we had ‘more papers like The | Evening World this nonsensical piece slation would be amended or re- vied forthwith and we would get \back to normaley on all six WILLIAM MORTIMER, 960 Morris Avenue, Jan. 30, 1 St. Peter in Rome. Yo the Editor of ‘The Evening Worki Whittaker Anderson criticised your editorial accuracy in your Saturday issue, and declared that no scholar, how believed that St. Peter ever was in Rome. 1 am not a Roman Catholic, and am animated solely by respect fe nistorical truth, ‘There abundant srnal and internal evidence of St 's Roman sojourn, Take the external first: No one will suspect Dr. Philip Schaff, who was a professor in the Union Theological Seminary of New York, of pro-Roman tendencies, In fact, it was in that chap ot his History of the Christian Church in which e was opposing Papal claims, that he says on page “Peter and Mavic joined Paul (in th. year 63) in Rome.” On page 358 he declares, no scholar now denies that Peter was in Rome.” On page 261 he says Iihat Clemens Romanus (whom eve scholar knows Was the first’ ttular shop of the nitive chu mn Rome, both St. Peter and St, Paul {having the title of apostles) n the yea A. D, mentions Peter's mar tyidom in Rome Lipsius, on page O7 of his “History jor the Early Christians,” mentions the n Hols rtyrdom of Peter in Rome, and nfeld, in a work of like ttle, page efers to the same sub. ject Many seculs toxtha Vaulemn burial of t By John Cassel Sma entea arin, %| The next cases, those of Mr. Ro 4 UNCOMMON SENSE By John Blake br John Bake) RESERVES batdles and bring victories mains being taken from the gr his martyrdom in 66 in the second preaching in rtens milit leaders to effort that would otherwise he telis of Pete Men with mental aud physi usually get the prizes in life that are worth having. been said by somebody that most geniuses have been particularly Lealthy and enduring people. s slate Clement's let- ters when he was consolidating the | Jewish converts of St. lished decrees of Rome, and that be- | fore the end of the first century Of internal evidence there is Pap- ; but it is certain that unless men and wo- men are healthy and enduring they din the Prohibition question | performing the great labor necess to bring their genius presbyter of Rome, Origen, to say nothing of Evsebius, the foremost church lustorian of bis Irenaeus. (Ad. Hera.), ¢ “While Peter and Paul were pveaci ing at Rome, and laying the founda- tion of the church.” Clemens Alexandrius, chetical lectures to his school in Alex- “Peter having publicly |preached in Rome.” and Tertullian all agree that women ever kill that they are at gr the knowledye that they have it is enough to strengthen them in their fight to do something important in life. and mental reserves are equally no stronger than the machine which bears you about . your thinking for you. If you impair your physical machine, if you overstcain it or do not constantly keep it in condition, it may at any time break down, and snap wil it which is you. knowledge or em- ‘quire. Yet ploy all the important. and; and whose br » the intangible thing insile r cent. do things? If we had Al| | Smith at Alba | of which was A. D. 63-66-~and away with It. the Colossians at that date, says Mark is with me. The inference is unavoidable that the two apostles were inere together. » W. A. NICHOLS No. 6 Bishop Street, New Dorp, Jan. just as likely to waste his physical re serves as the sedentary man often doe ords of many form It is not athlet » in fact, as the ree- champions will show. *s in the generally understood sense, not strenuous competition for prizes that builds up physical re serves, but constant end methodical exercise. Build up your bedy, and make sure of your physical re- To the Fditor of The Prening World Then attend to your mental reserves. While reading your paper on Jan, 28 I was astonished to find a state- from Mr. Whittaker Anderson, Peter was never Anderson, you misinformed. Know inare than you need te know for the purposes of the actual job in hand about many subjects. a information wie alaims thet Be all, accustom yourself to sustained periods of effort, for only by these car: great things be accomplished. As well go indo a battle in a war without enter the battle of life able and fearless general, but without reserves it can win no And the reserves it requires are a strong, sturdy physique, and a min! wel! stocked with important and uanble information. eserves as to Your will may be an re a few facts: Peter arrived at Rome year of 40 A. D. and established his see there on Jan, lated it from Antioch. Before the fourteenth person had ventured to deny that St. for many years in the city of the Caesars. Marailius of the first who advanced such a statement. Whiston, Young, Blondel and others, all authors of eminence and opposed to the supremacy have written without them, having trans- | Peter had dwelt ‘Thai's a Fact’’ As the Saving 1g By Albert P. Southwick Ni against Marsilius and united with the most eminent Catholic writers in showing the fal- ons, from the wont togdescribe. meaning in expressi as. tons, wae aenaee What | deposit then we ar@ apt to spend, du like an identic an-! has been suggested, |a dinner or both ing it a corruption of Blaisers or) A year later both dinner ani the , the mummers who too! rt in the procession there be one fact of history which is affirmed continuously, it is this of St. | you reject this, the only logioal con- clusion you can come to Is that history | is a mighty conspirac and we must become sceptical with | XVI., fespect to all matters which are re-jwhere she was imprisoned called the “Modern Antixone n honor of the | had we deposited and left that mon aise, nglish wool-comby y against truth, atron saint of s.|then show how that amount : these} helped to accumulate a larger sii) the simile an appro-| which wil! ever be working for our corded in it, oceasions made J. MGRATH. Blue Law Persecution By Dr. S. E. St. Amant. Copritaht, 1023, (New York £1 oy Pret Foline coe |NO. IV.—IN TENNESSEE (Cont. | Some years ago the State of Ten- |nessee gained an unenviable notoriety because of a large number of Sunday cases, nearly all of them against ob- servers of Saturday, the seventh day of the week, These people were mer- cilessly persecuted before the courts lof that State, Scores were fined, im- prisoned and forced to work in chain gangs for observing the Fourth Com- mandment as it is written in the Decalogue. For the most trifling work | done.on Sunday, after they had con- | scientiously rested on Saturday, they, were Indicted and haled Wefore the} courts, Few, if any, escaped convi tion and sentence. Then the Tennessee courts began to see a great light. ‘The court at | Gallatin, Tenn., not long ago refused jto perpetuate this shameful record {any longer against these inoffensive lcitizens, flye of whom had been in- |dicted by the Grand Jury for doing ‘trifing work on Sunday, and placed | under bond to answer before the Cir- cuit Court at Gallatin. \ In Tennessee the complaining wy ness is called the prosecutor, and his name appears upon the indictment! The case is prosecuted before the court, however, by the Attorney Gen Leral of the Judicial district. | Religious prejudice was at the root of the indictments. During the triaj lthis feature was quite strongly de, | veloped on the part of the prosecutor’ ‘and a few witnesses, and the court refused to sustain the first three: in | dictmenta. ; | ‘The prosecutor charged that he had |seen Robert and Ralph Ashton in their potato bin on Sunday, picking lover a few bushels of decaying pota- toes, while he was passing by in his automobile, himself on a business er- |vand, ‘The third defendant, ‘Temple | ton, was charged with having violated the Sunday Law of Tennessee by dig ging a mess of potatoes out of his garden for dinner on Sunday. prosecutor and his private sleut admitted that these were all the | charges that they could bring agains! | these three men, after having watche |them for nearly two years to sve ; whether they could not ci working on Sunday. The cases weve | thrown out af court, teh then inson and his son, were submitted t» the jury. Ten of the jury were £ acquittal, but the other two le strong religious prejudices ind + fused to yieid A mistrial resultec and these cases were gassed over t the next term of court ‘The defendant Robinson is an o man, a citizen of Sumner County, wh has always lived an exemplary li: He and his son keep the seventh da but out of respect for his neigdeb: who observed Sunday, he does nc w his usual occupation on that day. His family complained of the flies and he took the screen door to his little shop to mend it, not knowing that he was being watched and spied upon by Peter Bright, a neighbor, who at that moment was preparing to set ‘ut on a twenty-mile journey, in oder to reach his work in Nashvyillr early the following morning. I tal the following from the address of \ torney Baskerville of the defense: “The Attorney eneral ridicule lthe excuse of the old man, and tel’> ‘the jury only part of what he said The prisoner said, ‘I lacked part a chair, and Sunday afternoon ! pulled down the shop blinds (ani he criticised him for that!) becaus: I had given my word to deliver tiv job Monday morning, and I had not | been able to finish it!’ He 4lso says ‘| had a daughter in the infirmary and I needed the money at once t pay the bill.’ ‘The old man endeay ored to fulfil his promise. “[ want to get in the class wil | this man. I have worked more thas an hour and a half to get out some |thing on Sunday. 1 have as muc! regard for Sunday as any man; but I have gone quietly to my office an! worked an hour and more on Sunday afternoon, getting out something tho L was not able to get out before. You al] have done a little something; Sui Peter Bright says it's wrong to work on Sunday, and yet he'll trave twenty miles to get to his work eariy Monday morning [| Say that pye- leconceived opinion and religious pre indice hag been working on som | reopte.” MONEY TALKS. By HERBERT BENINGTON York Evening W. ublishing Company, 19: WHEN AND WHY? { $ Copyright | ¢ Press What part of our incomes should we save? { Savings banks that have studic:i American | the matter figure that a single man rh a cuphemism for the infernui {OF Woman earning $1,200 a year nes Which theolo- | Should save $15 per month, This ie, . Pay day is the time to take or mail our money to the bank, If we are paid on Saturday and do not make the iy ng the week-end, what we sigulil ave laid aside—perhaps a theatre Kj atre will have been forgotten, but in the bank, our bank books w¢ security and independence,