The evening world. Newspaper, January 23, 1922, Page 22

FORM EI ee TE al tem ae a gre ee World, BY JOSBPH PULITAER Pudlished Daly Kx Sonday by The Prosy Publishing Company. Nox. © 68 Park Raw. New York. RALPH PULITZER, President, 63 Park Row. J. ANGUS SHAW, Troasurer Park Row. JOSEPH PULITAER Jr., Secretary, 63 Park Row. ESTABLISHE MEMMER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS. | The Asroriated Trem Is exciusively entiwea to the use for repubticatlos (of 911 cows despatches credited to It or not oumerwire ereuitea in tau pape fend slso the local news publishea bereim. BENEDICT XV. T was fortunate for the workd as well as for the Roman Catholic Church that the troubled era o: *he past seven and a half years found a Pontift of the character of Benedict XV. as the two hundred and fifty-ninth successor of St. Peter at Rome. Giacomo Cardinal della Chiesa became Pope Benedict XV. in September, 1914, only a little more than a month after the beginning of the greatest war in history. Catholic peoples were arrayed agxinst one another in the struggle. Political consitera- tions, moral questions of right and wrong were inextricably mingled with religion in the conflicting pressures brought to bear upon the head of th» Roman Church. Burdens were laid upon the new Pope that might well have crushed a lesser man. Through the stress and sadness of those years Pope Benedict performed his difficult tasks, patiently dealing with the prob- Jems that piled thick and fast upon him, losing no opportunity to use his high office as an influence toward peace. - Wisdom and diplomacy of the hignest order were required of him. He had to be no less wise in re+ straint than in initiative. He brought the Roman Catholic Church through the war with dignity, con- sistency and sustained prestige—a monumeatal achievement for any Pope. Pope Benedict lived to see Ireland assured a new @ra of peace and prosperity as the Irish Free State. His joy in this was deep and sincere. His counsels to the Irish were careful and sound. No Pope ever had a more profound sense of the Tesponsibilities of his position. No Pope ever worked harder or spared himself less to do his full * duty. He will be remembered as the Pope who steered’ faithfully and well through the worst war- storm’that ever shook Christendom, and whose last words were: “| would willingly offer my life for the peace of the. world,” Ere a, aoe socpeavmeneerer St cee ence ~ beer “A CASE OF HAZING? HE transfer of Fireman Guinness from West 33d Street to City Island seems to be another Dan Costigan case, but even with less justificat‘on Albert E, Guinness is President of the Unitormed Firemen’s Associdfion, and it is reported that the firemen favored Henry H. Curran in the last cam- paign. Fireman Guinness has been a member of the “skyscraper crew” for several years and has adquired skill at the job. His transfer to the very different work on City Island will nullify the years of specialized training. «In the case of Guinness the transfer has all the earmarks of political hazing. His home is in Bro k- lyn and it would take from two to three hours to reach his station. | Whatever Mayor Hylan’s majority meant last November, it did not mean that the people of New York woukl approve his use of power to punish ‘ civil service employees. The transfer of Guinness needs explaining. COLLINS MEETS CRAIG. OTWITHSTANDING Ulster’s protest against the creation of the Irish Free State, the process of drawing together seems to have begun. In spite of centuries of antagonism, the closer relationship of the North and South of Ireland seeins inevitable. Michael Collins and Sir James Craig met Situr- day and transacted business in an amicable spirii of give and take. Collins agreed to use his inilu to end the boycott on Belfast. The Premie- of Ulster oftered similar services in ending the li-- crimination againsi Catholics in Belfast ‘industry. The two agreed to appoint deputies to cons! ier arxl report on a realignment of the boundary. Uister may not be ready to come into a united Welard wien the Irish Free State is ready to it Uon as a complete Government. But Collins and Graig have made an encouraging start. If the boycott and discrimination are aboliched, the way will have been prepared for further vances. The best way to kill hates is to remove the causes, CONGRESS MUST TRUST SOME ONE. PY HIS week the Senate proposes to tackle the foreign debi funding bill. After several rather acrimonious caucuses, the Republicans are repowied fo have got together on a bill that is Something like what Secretary Mellon asked for some months ago. The Republicans are together tintil some unruly member decides to kick over Caucus traces and start an insurgent movemen! ot his own. For opposition prepared the Democrats have | | } | | “N° anendments to require semi-annual interest and fix a minimum sale for refunding operations. If the Demoerats cannot find anything» betler than such a paltering policy they had better not oppose. They are not only wrong but petty. As a matter of fact, Republican Senators do not like the idea of giving so much power to the Secre- tary of the Treasury. It does not please them any better than it«does the Democrats. But there does not seem to be any alternative, Congress has got to trust some one, for it cannot trust itself. If Congress tried to supervise a funding operation it would immediately mire down in a bog of talk ard demagogy. Raclal minorities would rule the individual members, and anything positive and oon- structive would be blocked. ; TURNED TO SAND. aig to State home rule is descried by Gov. Miller in the Sheppard-Towner bill “to pro- mote the welfare and hygiene of maternity and infancy” This proposed Federal measure, the Governor told the State Bar Association the other night, is an indication of the discovery made by Congress “of a new and hitherto undreamed-of power to legislate on any subject which it deems to involve the gen- eral welfare.” ‘ Enlarging upon the perils in this attitude of Con- gress, Goy. Miller sald: “Our system of government is built upon the bed-rock of local self-government. What- ever impairs the energy, the initiative, the effectiveness, if you please, of State and local government of purely State and local affairs tends to destroy the capacity of our people for self-government and to undermine our governmental structure.” . Is it possible the Governor regards such destruc- tion as only impending? Just three years ago this month the whole cher- ished American doctrine of State rights was knocke4 into a cocked hat and the Federal Constitution itself tacked and rent to admit the Eighteenth Amendment. It was indeed earlier supposed that powers not expressly granted to the Federal Government by the Constitution were reserved to the States re- spectively and to the people. The Anti-Saloon League changed all that. At its bidding legislators, national and State, de- cided the old Constitution was not good enough, since it provided no way by which a minority might use the Federal power to break through State lines and regulate the personal conduct of every man, woman and child in the country. The Eighteenth Amendment made a start by rele- gating the rest of the Constitution to its proper place among back numbers. Further amendments curtailing personal freetom will at least find no obstacle in absurd notions that oider constitutional guarantees of State and local self-government cannot be shoved aside. With the Constitution itself knocked endways, what wonder if Congress takes to stepping more and more freely over State lines? What Gov. Miller calls “bed-rock” in our system of government is no longer bed-tock, It was turned to sand three years ago. VISCOUNT BRYCE. HE author of “The American Commonwealth” is dead. To Americans that means more than the passing of a man who stood among England’s foremost scholars, statesmen and historians. Ii means the loss of one of America’s best and truest friends—a gfriend whose understanding of American institutions and ideals long since made him as strong a link as ever existed between this country and Europe. “America has still a long vista of stretching before her in which she will enjoy conditions far more auspleious than any Euro- pean country can count upon ‘And that America marks the highest level bot only of material well-being but of intelli- gence and happiness, which the race has yet attained, will be the judgment of those who look not at the favoured few for whose benefit the world seems hitherto to have framed its institutions, but at the whole body of the people.” The above are’the concluding words of “The American Commonwealth,” Lord Bryce would have been the first to warn the American people that not alone “auspicious con- ditions,” but popular self-reliance and watchfulness over liberty are necessary to keep his judgment true, He was too good a friend of the United States to it to save its feelings. - TWICE OVERS. T for $5,000 a night with her (Mary Gare den) as director." —Lucien Muratore, * * * “ce E want as many big subscr ptions as we can get and as many little ones.” — Hamilton Holt, Executive Director of Woodrow Wilson Foun. | bedation. Feedin g THE EVENING WORLD, MONDAY, JANUARY 23, 1922. Time! CIey HALE + 7~ ETH ! (From Evening that giv eay much in few words Union Incorporation. | To the Editor of The Evening Worl: In reading of the drastic and far- reaching injunction issued by Justice Wagner in the garment workers’ strike, and of the suit instituted by the union for millions of dollars’ dam- |ages on account of loss of salary dur- ling the strike, one is faced with cer- tain facts. A very unfair condition exists, namely: Employers are incor- porated and can be sued, while unions are not incorporated and cannot be sued. In the city we have two clear cases to illustrate this injustice. We have eecently suffered from a milk strike an unjust and unauthorized strike, as has been proved by the statements lof the strikers * * * Incidentally, if the strike had succeeded we should not have heard anything about its being unauthorized * * * The |amount of money lost by the heads lof the milk companies is irretrievably lost * * ® The union ts not in- |eorporated. * * * But in this other case—the garment workers’ strike— the employers are not only told how to run their business, but they stand liable to lose vast sums to the strik- ‘ers, who, incidentally, refused to con- |tinue work during negotiations or jarbitrations. If they had continued working, the loss to themselves and |their employers would have been javerted, while at the sumo time they jcould doubtless have proceeded about their tnjunction, « There are countless strikes In ope- ration all the time; there ts a con- tinual damage to property and loss to employers, but the latter are power- \less at present to get just compensa- tion for their injuries, and the public pays the price. The milk strikers voted enthusiastically to strike; the public suffered, and the employers endured a huge money loss; and this same thing is likely to happen at any time in any industry while Qhis pow- erful organization—the union—is not incorporated or restrained. A union agrees under temporary compulsion to reform its criminal rules and practices; but there is no reason to believe that the same of- fenses won't creep in again when the ‘\ight of publicity is turned off. How much more logical and wise to face the whole question and bring indus- trial warfare within the law either by a special industrial court or by ‘forcing unions to incorporate and be responsible for the acts as ure other groups of pec The howl of tabor eaders with their Knoyed. ex pressions when such a reform js men toned We aigoiicant—and easily un : By John Cassel : World Readers What kind of Jetter do you find most readable? Isn't it the one the worth of a thousand words in a couple of hundred? There is fine mental exercise and a lot of satisfaction in trying to Take time to be brief. self-interest—to put it mildly. {t is encouraging to read that there Is a definite movement on foot to re- form legally this intolerable labor sit- uation, To intelligent and honest workers the prospect of suc orm should be a great satisfaction, especially when they realize that it will benefit them as much as the gen- eral public. Let's help it on. M. JOHNSON, To Cure Snorting. To the Editor of The Evening World If Constant Reader,"* who is trou- bled by snoring, has ever analyzed the matter, he hus discovered that one snores only when sleeping with the mouth open. And his mouth will always tend to open if he sleeps on his back. Ergo, first sleep on your side a piece of string, tie a spool in the middle of it, then tie the string around your waist so that the spool is in the middle of your back. When you turn over on your back at night, the spool will wake you up and you'll have to turn hack again. Second, if you still snore, stick your lips together with court pli Take before retiring, till you train ‘em to stay that way all night. Will you snore then? No! Yes! Will tt work? Try it! ) WHO HAS Fenders for Motor Cara, To the Editor of The Brening Work! I have read your article entitled “The Roll Call,” dated Jan, 17, which tells of thousands being killed by automobiles. The number is in- creasing every year in the face of drastic laws and traffic regulations, It has occurred to me, that since the street cars carry a guard in front of the wheels to prevent people being run over, why is it not applied to the automobile, since it is the latter that 1s killlIng and maiming the people, the grown-ups as well as thochildren? Such protection on street cars, run- ning in @ given path, seems ridiculous compared to the autos, running wild It is not always the reckless drivers who run over people. Frequently thé cars are driven by our most es- teemed and careful citizens. Why not encourage the people to think of and develop a practical de- vice for autos that will reduce this terrible affliction upon our people? Surely the great minds—the geniuses that have evolved so many wond rful and simple mechanical devices—have a field here that In its humanitarian sense will eclipse all other inventions of real public value. *HENRY W. WILLIAMS Kindly Physicians to tue Buiter of Ihe 1 do not agree with one of your readers, Who states that « toreigner SUSPENDED It is nece people are plac people sometimes because becanse of their exactions. eat their meals. if we like, and we available to secure th We make our ine we judge dence in his favor. but if our opinion is « brought to ruin. well enough to let him alone » UNCOMMON SENSE By John Blake (Copyright, 1922, by John Blake.) sary for some people to judge others. don the bench and in jury boxes. They are paid to discharge the duty of judgment, and discharge it they do, though the task is often disagreeable. The rest of us make judgments because it is the habit of every one to make judgments. of We are very ready to condemn them if they do not obey the code that we have adopted as our own rule of conduct. Sometimes we condemn them because we do not like the shape of their noses or the color of their hair or the way they Make judgments we must—but we can suspend sentence all be much happier and get along with our friends and neighbors if we do. ‘fhe man on the bench before he makes his judgments, the jury in the box before it brings in a verdict, have all pos- ‘ sible evidence at hand, [he whole machinery of the state is evidence. lividual judgments with very little evi- dence—usually with the evidence against the person whom seldom taking the This being the case, we can very well afford to hold our verdict, or our sentence, in reservation. What we think of a man may not alter his whole life, n is adverse it will certainly do him no good. It will be practically impossible to keep from communicating it to others, and thus character is undermined and careers Suspended sentence merely gives those whom we do not approve a chance to show that we have wrongly estimated then. This most of them will do in the long run. Of course, if a man is a proved thief or scoundrel it is But it is far better to hold our opinion and our behavior tc ward him in reserve until we can get all the facts in his case—for and against. SENTENCE. These We like or we do not like their personalities, often trouble to look over the evi- had to come over and open the eyes of the American doctors. He may have opened the people's eyes to the fact that they needed treatment, but J am certain he did not open the doc- tors’ eyes. Our doctors have been giving their time gratis for years to the clinics. I let my ailment go for years think- ing that if I went to a clinic they would ask me s0 many ques- Uons I would feel like a beggar, but after one of my children had been sent to the Long Island Clinic and received such excellent treatment I decided to go. The several doctors that attended me haye been very kind. ‘They de- much credit, \s an American I appreciate what Dr. Lovenz is doing for us, and do not think sueh a learned man should foreigner. | hope you will print this for the benefit of those think as T did, and alse for the benefit of ¢ who think our doe tors are asleep wi « Brooklyn, Jan serve be termed a 19 “That’s a Fact’’ By Altert P. Southwick | ties (The New York &) 1 By the Press 1 ing Cee we The last three days of March are named ‘borrowing days’ in Scotiand and in parts of England, the popular notion being that these days are bor- rowed or taken from April and may to consist of wet The old superstt verified eee e first Knglish Duke ha- | the Black Prince, who was) Duke of Cornwall, a title} which has ever since belonged to the eldest son of a British sovereign during the life of his parent. He is cated dux natus, or a born duke, in mtradiction to duces creati, or dukes by creation, ri MUSICAL CLASSICS How and Why They Were Written By AUGUSTUS PERRY Copyright, 1093 (New York Evening World), by Pre Publishing Co, NO. V—BEETHOVEN'S SYMPHONY,” Bernadotte, Napoleon's Ambassador to Vienna, was in the habit of hold. ing receptions which many celebrities attended. The envoy was a very cul- tured man and extremely fond of music, Ludwig van Beethoven was often present at these affairs. At this time Napoleon was winning re known by his military exploits. M. Bernadotte suggested to Beethoven that he compose a symphony in honor of Bonaparte. Tho composer, who saw in Napoleon a ruggedness and nobility of character similar to his own, was much impressed with the idea, ad _. The desire for liberty was sweeping over the world. Autocracy was gtw ing way to the Ifrresistible forward march of democracy. Beethoven was @ great lover of liberty. He thought he saw In Napoleon the upholder of men's rights. In his “Life of Bee- thoven,”’ Nohl says: “Beethoven's fancy as an artist fully comprehended the genius of liberty, at this time newly born tnto the world and a new factor in the history of mankind."’ During the winter of 1804 Bee thoven completed the “Heroic Sym- phony."" A good copy of the work was made and a title page with the dedication to Napoleon Bonaparte was affixed to it. Then it lay for a long time on the composer's desk, while he waited for a chance to have it trans mitted officially to Paris. The mas- ter did not know, however, of the “Little Corporal's'’ enormous ambi+ tion. On May 3d, 1804, a motion for mak- ing Napoleon Emperor of France passed the Assembly. On May 18th, after an clection by plebiscite, he as- sumed the title. The news reached Vienna quickly enough. When Fer- dinand Ries, a good friend of Beo- thoven, heard of the event, he hurried to the composer and told him of Sonaparte’s sensational act. The great musician became furiously angry. Napoleon was no longer an idol. in his eyes. He seized the manu- script of the Symphony and savagely tore off the title page. He flung it to the floor and trampled vehemently upon it. Olympian wrath, truly. Them he exclaimed, sorrowfully: “Can it be that he is no more than an ordinary man? Now he, like others, will trample all human rights under foot, serve only his ambition and become a tyrant."’ The work remained in manuscript untit! 1806. Prince Lobkowitz, to whom it was afterward dedicated, purchased the right to use the Sym- phony. In 1804, through the efforts of Prince Lobkowitz, the composition was performed at the home of Prince Louis Ferdinand. The Prince was so pleased with it that he had it re- peated twice. Of course, such @ pro- ceeding gave Deethoven great satls~ faction, Finally, in 1806, the work was published as the “Sinfonia Erotca’’ (Heroic Symphony), ‘‘com- posed to celebrate the memory of @ great man." The first movement of the Sym- phony describes the varied events in the life of @ hero. But it is the “heroic'’ rather than the “‘hero’ that the master depicts in the piece, The mustc is magnificent, noble and mas- sive in design. “HEROIC. Psychoanalysis You and Your Mind By ANDRE TRIDON is THE VII.—THE DREAM GUARDIAN OF SLEEP. Dreams do not disturb our sleep unless they are bad dreams or nignt- On the contrary, one of the NO. mares, functions of the dream is to keep us esicep in spite of disturbing noiscs, lights, etc., which may be produced in the vicinity of our bedroom. The dream accomplishes thet pur~ jose by building up a story which holds our interest and prevents us from becoming frightened. Flash a Nght in a dreamer's eyes, end, unless the light is extremely, strong, he will dream of some beacon tower, of a fire, he will think of wii- nessing fireworks, of lighting bly pipe. A patient of mine woke up one rug in the back yard. Previous to his awakening he had been dreaming that he was witnessing a battle (it was during the war) and he resented very much the noise which finally brought him back to reality, But it was to that noise that he was indebted for the exciting spectacle of warfare which a dream had built upon that noise Another patient, summering in the .nadian wilds, where nights grew chilly, dreamt once that she was canoeing on a lake. An icy wind was blowing. She stood it bravely, for ther trip was a long one. Finally the man who was rowing her boat upset the craft und they both fell into the water. Then she awoke. ‘The dream had been trying han to explain away the unpleasant sensa- tion due to scanty bedclothing by at- tributing it to some simple, natural, unavoidable cause, 80 as to protect her slumbers as long as possible, with the man who pulled the oars in her dream and had once been in a canoe upset which led to pleasunt sen- {imental ‘complications, her dream not only had built up a convenient ex~ planation of the cold sensations she perceived, but at the same time placed her again in @ situation which had been gratifying to her feminine van« ity ~ Even in dreams of this type, whieh analysts call convenience dreams, the theory of wish fulfilment always finds itself confirmed, (Copyright by United Fogture syodicate.) morning to hear the maid beating a , As she had been flirting previoumy | Q