The evening world. Newspaper, May 30, 1921, Page 10

She EFA starid, ) ESTABLISHED BY JOSEPH PULITZER. Pwlimed Dally Excopt Sunday by Tho Prom Publishing ‘Company. Nos. 68 to 62 Park Raw, New York. RALPH PULITZER, President, ¢3 Park Row, J. ANGUS SHAW, Treawarer. 68 Park Row. + JOSEPH PULITZER Jr., Secretary, 63 Park Row. MEMMER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS, Me Associated Prem te exctusively entitled to the use fer repaMilestion @F ll news dempatcher credited to ft or not otherwise credited in this pagge (RB also the los news published herein. AT THE DANGEROUS STAGE. HE tragic wreck of the big ambulance aeroplane at Morgantown yesterday follows several other fatal accidents in recent months. At first thought the recent death toll would seem to indicate that flying will never be so safe as we have come to expect. This does not follow. An equally probable explanation is that aviation is now passing through a stage which has been the common experience in the development of other inventions. In the early history of flying accidents were tre- quent because of mechanical imperfections and in- experience of operators. Since then the planes have been improved and made safer to such an extent that anytliing has seemed possible. Aeroplanes have) overcome so many of the “impossibilities” that flyers have decided nothing is impossible. The result ha’ been over-confidence. Thoroughly cautious flyers navigate in safety. Others “take chances.” A series of fatal accidents will renew the cautious attitude of flyers. Another result will be the inven- tion and development of safety devices, Flying will beoome safer than ever. The automobile passed through a ‘similar stage of comparative reliability under normal conditions, followed by fatal accidents in abnormal conditions. Then the automobile was improved and strength- ened to cope with the abnormal, and drivers learned what could not be expected from mere machinery. GRAIN GROWERS, INC. MERICAN farmers are taking the first steps in what may develop into a truly revolutionary advance in the marketing of farm products. The recently organized Grain Growers, Inc., and the projected $100,000,000 Farmers’ Finanoe Cor- poration present infinite possibilities for the promo- tion of co-operative principles in the marketing of farm produce. If the grain growers are successful, similar organizations for handling other commodities will follow. The men responsible for this organization have an enormous responsibility. If it should fail it would set back the co-operative movement for a gegeration. # it succeeds at first the temptation lo selfish abusz of power will be tremendous. At the first it will have té face a rich, powerful and wily opposition, including all those who hav? Profited by the existing system of distribution. It will also face the invariable conservatism of capital and its hesitancy to embark in new and untried methods. But the experiment is worth making and deserves Public support so long as the organization deals fairly with the public. Co-operation has always seemed foreign to the getius of the American farmer. This may have been the result of the open frontier with the accom- panying instability of competitive conditions. The frontier tas vanished. There seems good reason to believe that the time for co-operation has arrived. . THREE PER CENT. RESTRICTION. UBLICATION of immigration quotas for June, as provided under the new “Three Per Cent. Law,” brings home the fact that immigrants are sctually to be restricted aftgr a fashion—a new fashion. : We already have several other fashions, particu- arly the literacy test which admits literate Anarchists _ willing to perjure themselves and keeps out others far fess dangerous to the community. As to the actual workings of the new law, we shall see what we shall see. Under the law, 119 Belgians ‘gray be admitted in June. Suppose 125 ask admis- sion. What will be the fate of the last six? Will @hey be returned to Belgium or obliged to wait 2 month? Two things are reasonably clear. Gne is that the present taw is not adequate. The other is that we shall soon require an enlarged organization for regu- lating immigration on the other side of the Atlantic, And if we have such an orgdnization, is it too much to hope that it will have power to make selec- ions and rejections on some basis more definite than the Hteracy test and a numerical check on passengers? TARIFFS IN THE MAKING. eee re We 2 ae opportunity to examine into the mechanics of the tariff ma- chine than Is presented by the workings of the ‘mergency Tariff Bill signed Saturday by the Presi- dent, accompanied as it is by the making of the permanent tariff bill which Is to be introduced within 8 few weeks, As the Herald pointed out last week, the most fmmediate result of the Emergency Tariff was to tncrease prices of wheat and flour én the hands of the persis ec sfer Wha oft be ot te pros Alseady we see Now England protectionists—who _ Bam fextiles protected and an apen market for . THE EVENING WORLD, MONDAY, MAY 30, dyes—contending with other protectionists—who want dyes protected and care little or nothing about textiles. Neither seems to care a rap about the American workman in the other industry. The poor consumer who has to buy dyed textiles isn’t considered at all. To insure protection for textiles the New Engtand- ers will accept protection for dyes. And to insure protection for dyes the New Jersey and Delaware and Pennsylvania and ‘Ohio representatives will tolerate protection of textiles. Possibly each of these two schedules will be raised somewhat to allow for the high price of the other commodity. The consumer will pay the bill. Tariffs are made by trading and log-rolling. Meanwhile the foreign markets already in our debt will be unable to pay with goods, and foreign ex- change and foreign trade will go from bad to worse, The ultimate in economic absurdity was reached when President Harding solemnly conferred with leading financiers, handed out the machine-made slogan, “Eull speed ahead’—and then signed the Emergen& Tariff Bill. IT SHALL YET BE. HIS is the day the country brings flowers to the graves of its sons who died on battlefields. Are flowers all it brings? Every American who pays tribute to the Nation's dead to-day will carry with him to the end of his life the memory of the part his country and its youth playe.! in the greatest war of history. Is it to be only a memory? The hearts of all who watched that youthful host marching through the streets of the Nation's cities four years ago on its way to the camps from which the trains and troop-ships bore it silently and secretly overseas, were moved by more than the thought that here were men going “reluctantly and laggardiy” to risk their lives on a job that had to be done to save the skins of those they left behind. No man, Ambassador though he be, slall belittle with his cynicism the deeper feelings of the American people as they bore the burdens and heartaches of those months of war. * There was a national ideal. There was a national faith that the whole world was to be made better and safer by the heroic sacri- fice of these young Americans. Have we brought to their graves to<day only the flowers—while the ideal and the faith have van- ished? Would the dead wish it so? Neither living nor dead have fallen so far below the spirit of that great American who dedicated an earlier battlefield with the immortal words that are a priceless part of the Nation’s heritage: “It is for us the Hving, rather, to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these hdnored dead we take increased devotion, to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion— that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain.” * * © World and Nation have lost the exalted moments of four years ago. In the United States, bitterness and spite bred in political conflict since the war have shattered the unity and fineness of earlier feelings. Yet, despite all this, the man who is fow President of the United States, standing over the coffins of the war dead at Hoboken last week, could voice only the same national sentiments that another President of the United States voiced when those young bodies went forth in life and strength to their task: “They saw democracy challenged and de- fended it. They saw civilization threatened and rescued it.” “We shall give our most and best if we make certain that they did not die in vain.” ‘Those are the deeper sentiments of the American people. No surface play of politics can obscure them completely or for long. No tortuous twists of party policy can turn the country from the great purpose born of an agony of peopks—to find practical co-operative means by which nations can draw nearer to the ideal of a world made safe. The fight over how covenants shail be called, how pledges dtrail be phrased, may not be ended for a time. But it will end, and no party or faction can change the way it will end. a Under whatever name it may be known, the reality of a new international league to lessen the liketihood of war will be there, and the United States will be in and of it. Those whose graves are fresh with flowers to-day need have no fear. We shall yet keep faith. TWICE OVERS. 66°T HE voice of our comrades comes to us like a call to arm, ‘Fight on fight on,’ it urges as.” —Commander Galbraith of the American Legion. e ° * $6 AMON am congregoled group of boys and young men to-day are soon engrossed in ‘sheoting craps'.”—The Reo. Christian F, Reisner. l, 1921. _ What Are We Going to Do About It? By John Cassel Sopy rig, 1921, by The Prew PrBiishing Co, ‘Or Tie Newt Yor Rrening Work.) Approves La Guardia’s Stand, ‘To the Editor of The Evening World: In a recent Evening World I read an article headed “La Guardia Fights Ban on Dr. Holmes.” As a citizen, I wish to state that I highly approve of the stand that the President of che Board of Aldermen is taking in the matter In which Dr. Holmes was prevented from deliver- ing his lecture in a public school in our city entitled “The Collapse of Civilization," which would seem to be @ subject of very great importance. Why the Board of Education re- fused to allow Dr, Holmes to deliver his address is hard to understand. Dr. Holmes is an American and a minister of the gospel and 1s seeking to better the conditions of society by peaceful and lawful means. DANIEL CRUISE, New York, May 23, 1921. How te Keep the American Flag Flying. ‘To the Editar of The Brening World: * As an American seaman who has sailed under “Old Glory” to various foreign countries previous to the ‘World War and eince, I am greatly amused at the position taken by the Shipping Board at this particuiar ume. ‘They are advertising for Amertcans to maa their ships and, furthermore, to keep them running at all costs, yet at the same time they Intend to cut their wages 15 per cent, Ye gods, how simple is the way of the mariner, ‘Previous to the World War the per- centage of Americans going to sea was very small. Living conditions, hours of labor and wages were no in- centive to Americans. At present, through the untiring efforts of the various marine organizations, a fairly decent standard of living conditions, hours of labor and wages have been obtained, with the result that a lot of Americans have gone to sea and in- tend to stay on the job. The Shippiag Board claims that it cannot compete with the merchant marine of foreign countries, Naturally, the foreign ma- rine has no useless encumbrance like the Shipping Board to maintain or politicians to keep im armchair posi~ tions in big offices. And last, but by no means least, the army of grafters which we all read about in the news- papers. ‘The Shipping Board is perfectly oor- rect—they cannot compete with the foreign merchant marine, And now out of their kindness of heart they ‘ask the poor mariner to accept a 16 per cent. cut in his wages, work longer hours and eliminate overtime, The landlubber asks why? Well, the answer is decidedly short: So that the Shipping Board can appear befure Congress to ask for appropriations and stay in their respective positions, playing the well known game, “pass- ing the buck.” In order to preserve the American Merchant Marine, constructed at so great an expense, it is necessary to eliminate all waste and graft. To do @o effectively it is essential that one From Evening World Readers Whet kind of a letter do you find most readable? len't it the ons that gives you the worth of a thousand words in a couple of hundred? There ta fine montal exercise and a lot of satisfaction in tryiny te say much in a few words. Take time to be brief. must start at the root—and that is the Shipping Board. The delegutes to the Mississippi Valley Convention had the right idea about the Shipping Board and are to be commended for | their recommendations. Regardless of the opinion often voiced by for- eigners, the men that man our snips! are the equal of any foreign merchaat marine in the world. Now, in order to keep Americans on the ships it is absolutely necessary that a decent standard of living con- ditions, hours of labor and wages be made that will attract real red-blood- ed Americans. Failure to do this will eventually result in our ships fying foreign flags. No American would like to see this thing occur, Then, in order to upnoid the American Merchant Marine, we must all put our shoulders to the wheel and devise some means where- by we can co-operate to the advantage of all concerned, both ship oWners and marine workers, always bearing in mind the fact “that in order to conserve f is first necessary to pre- serve.” PAUL H. KRIEGER. New York City, May 25, 1921, What Have We Buildedt ‘To the Batter of The Wrening World : Just a buck private’s reply to Col. Harvey's recent slander, From out the graves on Flanders Fields There comes a cry, Re-edhoed from the realms on high, What have we bullied? What have we buiited That a chaos of cowardice should rule And wake our martyred dead, Misstating why we fought and bled— What have we builded? Was not America our cry? Did we go in for golden gain, To save ourselves, the reason why, Or to let democracy remain? Was Old Glory made in vain, Beamirched now with the talk of pelf, That one lone mortal, so inane, Would Le thus, in interest of himself? To ye who live, take up our cause, Remove the traitor from our lot And cast him far from out our shores, That we may sleep and ask thee not— What have we builded? JIM LENNIE, Richmond Hill, N. ¥., May 26, 1921, Enforcing the Law. ‘To the Editor of The Frening World: We have been told over and over that the Prohtbition Law cannot be enforced, Gov. Miller said it could be, and Police Commissioner Enright has proved the possibility, The Police Commissioner now announces 75 per cent, of the saloons out of service and promises to have them all out of business by next fall, With this matter disposed of, we are next told that juries will not con- viot. Conviction depends on three things—the character of the jury, im- partiality of the court, and the evi- Rg TS RN EOE dence. To assume that a jury will not convict is to leave out of con- sideration the evidence. This is the crux of tua very Probtbi- (Copyright, 1921, of radium. nature. For the last score or 1 tists sought to discover what ment, discovered it. payment on account of humanity. {cllow men and women, That a woman should hay The highest concentration. the most indomitable determi could be made. A man stumbles on a gold accident. Countless experiments en it to a successful conclusion. Much is yet to be done over cancer can thoroughly be Mme. Curie has set an e sex but for all the searchers fo: the most notable in all history—is highly importan It disproves forever the old contention that there is any difference between the brain of a man and that of a woman, UNCOMMON SENSE By John Blake by John Blake.) WHAT A WOMAN DID. Jt seems probable that cancer, one of the most deadly of the enemies of mankind, will soon be conquered by the use , Since the beginning of time this element had existed in nore of years the presence of some unseen but powerful force has been suspected. Scien- it was but sought in vain till a quiet little Polish woman, after years of laborious experi- This woman is now in America to receive a very small! the service she has rendered The payment consists of a single gram of radium— worth one hundred thousand dollars, nificent gift, yet it is as nothing compared to her gift to her To her it seems a mag- e made this discovery—one of , the greatest reasoning power, ination, were required for the years of work which had to be done before this discovery mine or a diamond deposit by But a metal which exists in the most minute quantities, and which must be extracted by infinite pains from the surrounding elements, has tb be located first and laboriously separated afterward. tered into Mme. Curie’s work, and only a remarkable human being could have brought before the power of radium tested. But this can be left to others, as the consolidation of a captured position in war can be left to subordinates after a brilliant General has won an engagement. xample not only for her own r truth in the world, Her achievement is an inspiration, and probably to the end of time will be an inspiration, to the whole world. tion State bas had experience in this, When juries at Sires felled to gonvisk ages and reputable attorneys be- = to get wie to the situation, It was plain that the.courts were be- ing controlled by a lawless liquor crowd, suborning witnesses and brib- ing jurors. Judges, therefore, lost no time in instructing juries that they must return a verdict according to the evidence. Hence conviction by juries in liquor violations became the regular thing, The opinion, widespread over this city, that juries will not convict, leaves out Of consideration the evi- dence and is a base slander on every man who sits on a jury. We believe that the average juryman in New York is as honest and concientious as can be found elsewhere and that he will decide these liquor cases wholly on the evidence and not on presump- tion or prejudice or the psychologi- con C. That’s a Fact” By Albert P. Southwick come hi | The Pioneers of Progress By Svetozar Tonjoroff © . 1921, by The Prom Perlishi Couette New’ York bresing. Worle) X—THE MAN WHO FIRST LOVED A DOG. Of all creatures the dog is man's only voluntary ally. The Intensity of devotion lavished by the dog upon his master merits a fuller return than it sometimes receives. And yet man and his best friend first met as bitter enemies. They looked into each other’s eyes for the first time on the hunting field, where the original ancestor of the Canis family, himself an inveterate hunter disputed the prey ghat had fallen to the human hunter's spear or his ar- row, This first look was a straight look! we may safely assume—at least o!! the side of the dog; for the entire doy kind are free trom the habit of men- tal reservations, This state of hostility—armed liter ally to the teeth on both sides—did not last long into the stone age. The kitchen middens—piles of camp or village refuse—of Denmark show thi skeleton of an animal in close prox- imity to that of a man, which ind cates that the pact of friendship be tween man and dog had been signed in the newer stone or Neolithic period, and probably sealed with the blood of the dog on many a battle- field hard-fougmt by him in behalf of his master, It would be pleasant to believe tha’ the lasting friendship between dor and man was the result of an act « supreme generosity performed by tne higher animal for the benefit of the lower, 7 The beautiful story has been told that the first animal to be called “dog and to act as a dog, was the point of being gored over a preci- pice by a stag at bay; that the mat killed the stag ang then hauled bac the dog to firm earth; that the doz was 80 grateful for this supreme favo that it there and then licked the man’s foot and yelped its vow of eternal fidelity to its deliverer and his progeny for ever and ever. | Unfortunately, it is difficult credit such genérosity to our origina ancestors, We therefore must rejec the beautiful story. It is much more probatje that some hunter in raiding the lair of som wolf-like or jackal-like creatfire found there a litter of pups which took to his cave with him; that the pups thrived under his care and th care of his woman or children, and that when they had grown up they naturally attached themselves to their benefactors—an attachment which resulted in the complete do- mestication of their descendants. The difficulties of hing an old dog new tricks have been crystallized into a well-nigh universal expre among all peopl begun his relat puppy, and not as Plain traces of the be found in the relics of civilization or near civiliza tures of dogs are to be seen { Assyrian and Egyptian antiqu ‘The imos pay the dog—or t selves—the compliment of believing that they are endants welcome that Odysseus's dog gave master on his return from his wane derings shows that in the olde corded time the genus Canis plas important part in the affairs of men The man who probably a puppy which he had tasen from its mother’s lair—placed man kind under a profound obligation for alltime. We ean ima friendly securit and the fide up to doghood, man. That original anc a heart and a only one being. ‘Th master. For his m all the power of wo in religion; all the dev man himself is capable at } Is likely that the original de it was unkindly treated, never felt the urge to return to his wild kind—for he craved the society of only one crea ture, and that creature was its phase ter. To be the permanent, insepatible and closest possible companion of man 1s a dog’s only ambition, The acqui- sition of such a reliable, disinterested and whole-hearted devotion—a devo- tlon faithful unto death—marks an unmistakable footprint in the path of progress, WHERE DID YOU GET | THAT WORD? 31.—RUBBER. An interesting story of discovery, and invention is told by the word “Rubber.” ‘ ‘The first use to which the tnyal- uable material designated by tha term was put was rubbing out words or marke made with a pencil or pen on paper. In our day that is the least of the purposes to which it is ap. plied. When the discoverers brought this material from the West Indies for the first time they called it India-rubber With their facility for dispensing with useless words and getting to the point by the shortest route, the aver. age American lost no time in drop. ping the prefix “India,” The discoverers of rubber Were followed without much delay by the inventors of the various processes’ by which the gum of the rubber tree is purified, softened, hardened to resem ‘ble ivory or laid in a thin, pliant lear on textiles. It ig to be regretted that there are —or rather were—many millions of iblack and brown men on three conti. nents to whom the discovery af. the substance and the coining of fh. word “rubber” have brought nothing but tears and blood—and death, of that puppy, : gave that primitl reserved that inherse nN The Nee You Quebec, Canada, in addition to its popular appellation of the “Gibraltar of America” is also known as “The Ancient Capital.” . ee 8 The Pure Food and Drugs Act of June 30, 1906; for preventing the man. ufacture, sale or transportation of adulterated or misbranded or polson- ous or deleterious foods, drugs, medi- cines and liquors, became effective on Jan. 1, 1907, cal suggestion @f @ specious liquor} 4-D, BATCHELOR ee As a question of pronunciation, Webster, Worcester and the Standard ae dictionaries prefer the accent of “o-a-sis” on the first syllable; Century and Stormonth give the cent on the second syllable, “o-a-, 8 EY Sis," ‘The quotation, “three things a may is most likely ‘to be cheated in. horse, a wig and a wife,” is fiom Poor Richard's Almai oe Ac, ° The word Piccadilly (the famous, thoroughfare of London) had mave various spellings. It was Wiittey Peecadillo by Piquiditio, ‘py Evelyn, and ins at will as Fy a-dillle, Pakadilla, Pickadilly, Picky.” dilia and Pekadille on tradesmen’y