The evening world. Newspaper, April 21, 1917, Page 10

We Che Gea GWiorld BSTABLISHED BY JOSEPH PULITZER. Paes Daily, Except Sunday by the Prees Publishing Company, Nom 68 to * 63 Park Row, New York. RALPH PULATZER, President, 63 Park Row, J, ANGUS BHAW, Treasurer, 63 Park Now. JOSEPH PULITZER, Jr., Beoretary, 63 Park Row, | ‘at tho Post-OMoce at New York to The Bvening |For Eni World for the United States and Canada. oss $3.60/One Year... + 80/One Month. Becond-Clans Matter. nd and the Continent and All Countries In the International Postal Union One Tear. One Month VOLUME 67..... PROVE IT TO THE WORLD. | EGINNING Monday, the question whether the United States, hall raise troops by selective draft or by the volunteer syste:n will hold the close attention of Congress and the country. | No effort should be spared to make majorities for the Govern-| ment selective draft bill in both Senate and House overwhelming) enough to show allies and enemies that this nation is not going tu) wer in a spirit of half-baked enthusiasm, but with a grim determin | iom to fight with the last ounce of extra force it can produce by eelf- contro] and self-training. There is reason to believe that sentimental supporters of the volunteer plan are being converted in increasing numbers through study of cold facts which three years of scientific warfare in Europe) have established. The nation that does not recognize that it must make war not from the surface and with its heroes, but from the depths of its national being, with every man assigned, 60 far as may be, the part| for which he is best fitted, ought not to enter the conflict now raging. | To fight with blind heroism only is but to waste more human lives) without hastening the end. | For the purposes of war this nation must try to make itself aj mighty machine with all its power concentrated and all its part® con-| tributing. Individual will and impulse can never work out such al combination. Public authority, as the,President says, must “choc 30 those upon whom the obligation of military service shall rest, and also in a sense choose those who shall do the rest of the nation’s work.” The bogy of a militarized United States begins to lose its power| to scare thinking Americans, They recognize that what we have to} decide at this moment is not a permanent military policy but the! most effective, scientific method of applying the full strength of the nation to an immediate, imperative task. Even that super-pacifist of other days, Henry Ford, now finds, it in his heart to declare that “if militarism can be crushed only by} militarism” he is “in it to the finish.” | That is the spirit of most Americans at this ‘moment. And| Congress should prove that spirit to the world by impressive major- | ities for universal service and selective draft. — Hindenvbirg Found “Line Unsuitable.”—Headline. Maybe he was moving backward too fast when he drew it. a THE END OF THE OPERA SEASON. USIC LOVERS will listen to the last performance of the season at the Metropolitan Opera House to-night with a sense of appreciation and gratitude for Mr. Gatti-Casazza’s snocessful effort to give New York a winter of admirably chosen and presented opera despite formidable difficulties and embarrassments resulting from the war, seeee O88 «+ 8B NO. 20,832 | It is enough to say that in repertoire and in quality of voices and| orchestra this season’s opera has kept to Metropolitan standards,| which New Yorkers have never been afraid, of recent years, to com-| pare with those of London, Paris, Vienna, Dresden or Milan, Par | ticularly will opera-goers long remember the generously brilliant and artistic production given by the Metropolitan this season to an Amer- ican work by an American composer and American librettist. No old-time opera of tried and tested value could have had finer hand- ling than “The Canterbury Pilgrims ” We hope sensible lovers of music hereabouts have voices strong enough to hoot down 11 foolish talk of taking German operas out of the Metropolitan repertoire for next season. ‘There is no vestige of “enemy,” thank God, in Siegfried, Tristan, Hans Sachs, or in the dead master genius who made their music music for all the world. © To mix up Wagner with present day hostilities would be about the most asinine limit to which crack-brained victims of misguided patriotism could muddle their way. Suppress all such nonsense, ——+4---- The Turks also continue to fall back, forcing the British | to fresh exertions along the Tigris. Hits From Sharp Wits | t i The Democracy of Selective Draft 224HSass*! World.) fty Failures Who Came Back By Albert Payson Terhune Copyright, 1017, by the Praw Publishing Oo, (The Now York Evening World), No. 24—JAMES A. GARFIELD; the ‘Failure’ Who Became President. Ohio man, not yet thirty, but having undergone more hard work and hard knocks than come to many people in a lifetime, an- nounced to his widowed mother that he was a Failure. As a matter of fact, he was nothing of the sort; and in the bottom of his heart he doubtless knew that no one with his energy and brains could ever dail. But ho had met with one discouragement efter another until, for the moment, he had lost heart and hope. Most -peuple who knew his story would have agreed with him at that period of despair that he was a@ total failure. He was James Abram Garfleld. He began life as a chore boy in an Ohio village, He ended his career in 1881 with two hundred days as Presi- dent of tho United States—untli an assassin’s bullet struck him down in his fullest prime. Garfleld’s father died soon after James's birth, leaving a widow and four little children and almost nothing for them to live on. At an age when the average youngster is in primary school Garfield was working like a slave to help in hia family’s sup- A Boyhood of Hard Labor, port. He out brush for fences, tended cattle, totled’ Geen, Fi in the harvest fields, grubbed stumps, chopped wood and drove teams, There was a log schoolhouse within walking dis- tance of hia home, but the overburdened boy found scant time to attend It. Yet at intervals in his work and after a hard day in the fields he forced himself to study when he was so tired he could hardly keep awake, Next he found a job as mule-driver for an Ohio canal-boat that lugged coal from the mines to Cleveland. Tho surroundings were enough to bru- talize the average lad and to.turn him into @ day laborer of the dullest sort. But Garfleld fought his way toward an education, later working his way through Chester Academy, thence to Hiram College and on to Williams, It was @ bitter, uphill struggle all the time, For he had not only him- self but others to look out for, and he was in debt. At last he decided to apply as school teacher tn an effort to better himself. No school board would give him a chance, He tramped from one village to another wherever he heard there was a vacancy. But he could get no employment. One evening he came home worn out and desperate. He told his mother he was a Failure and that there was no hope for him to get on in the world. In his morbid downheartedness he also registered a strange vow—a vow he kept to the last day of his life. He swore he would never again go Be |} A Strange Vow} hour. The very That Was Kept. pan hope for. climb of the suc: sought him. tion within his reach. Garfield him: path to secure it. He was merely re The same odd rule held good in hi Natiot ‘The man who had once looked on big majority to the highest office tn looking for work of any kind. cry of surrender, teacn—a far better offer than he It was the first step in Garfield's triumphant After that everything seemed to come his way. and to work hard—for the rest of his life. He did not once seek Opportunity, Through his labors as clergyman, lawyer, college president, Congress- man and army officer it was always Circumstance which brought the posi- came to him, says one biographer, “to the surprise of himself and of the As if Fate heard his jarfleld's luck changed from that next day came the offer of a school to had ever dared to cess -ladder, . Hoe continued to work: But henceforth Opportunity elf never moved one inch out of his dy when the chance came. js nomination to the Presidenoy, This himself as a Failure was chosen by a his country’s gift. r | | By Roy L. The Jarr Family Co “ USsH id Mra, Jarr, holding up an admonitory finger. “Listen! When the children Successful Business Women of New York | | Civil Service Examiner Got Her Job Because She Took a Task That No Man Wanted—Fine Chance for the Ambitious Woman in Service of the City. By Nixola Greeley-Smith Copyright, 1017, by the Press Publishing Oo, (The New York Brontog World), 6,180 women, Of these 2,581 come under the municipal civil service and their positions are com- petitive, Few women know of the opportunt- ties open to them through the ctvil service and not many persons are aware that many of the examiners for these positions ae City of New York employs Mr, Anna M, Orocker, |are women, and that the assistant \ehtef examiner of the Municipal Civil {Service Bureau is Miss May Brad- shaw Upshaw, Miss Upshaw began her work for the city as most women begin, by taking a job that no man wanted, Because male examiners did not like . |to conduct the chemical and other Mery reg @ little lamb: | Three potatoes and two onions make | Scientific examinations she qualified “Little,” that's correct @ full house the *hiladeln 4 seta sree! But with mutton selling like it does, | Inquirer Vhiladelphia|for the task, preparing herself by What could she expect rere | special courses in these branches, | —Memphis Commercial Appeal.) If you he you #0 40 | oPo-day she earns a salary of $3, (ab. BO Very far tat ee may ROC] and is in line for uppointment as One thing that makes a man fear a |sufely.— Albany Journal arrive! chief examiner, & position for which | woman is his inability to guess what tas shegwill do next.—Chicago News. eee ‘The restaurants have changed the To be accounted even “email pota-| the mame rhe tteak, but it ts stilt toes" i9 a high rating Gase samble.—Pittsburgh Pd sas 5 aes Possessors of misinformation dis-| Ie, indeed, is a. state - pense it liberallyAlbany Journal, | doe buehare ia Papin see ene ek dan bars soled Gat ital” es | people are always happy.--Chica Combating ima tn the world’s . Letters From the People | Wants to Be Citizen SMlawlts | ence To the Diitor of The Proning World swear to hi = erent who will Please state how to take out cit! he has been during pan kener zen papers under the following clr Austrian & ” sumstances: A man takes out his| To the Biltor of The | Gret papers in New York and stays! A is born of Aw n parents on here three and a half years, He then Hl ind an English steamer while a4 goes to Boston and stays there one | Qi), cut £0 yew York. Is A an and @ half years and then comes back | {s he an English Tapia: parents or to New York, JH born on an English stes flying The law requires that an applicant | the English fi ASited for final papers must have lived not} ___ See! enship. Jess than one year tn the State where | 71% Maer The Prening Word final application ts made. When fling | states ant have never yee uated he must be accompanied by two sat-| papers. Kindly let_mo ‘know where iefactory witnesses who can bear tes-|I can apply for them and if I will timony to his good character tn the peed to. bring witnesses as to my preceding five years, If any part of | ee loom No. 649, Federal Thutide that period has been passed outside ing, No witnesses needed the State, the applicant may submit papers, A eo vn Sa re 1 for firet an examination will be held shortly, When Miss Upshaw was promoted to her present jJob—assistant chief examiner—her place as examiner was filled by Mrs. Anna Martin Crocker, VPRYTHING might be worse E than ft 1s, says the Pollu, and so he has composed a Litany. very regiment has @ different ver- sion, but always with the same basis, according to Kathleen Burke in The White Road to Verdun.” Here is the way she sums up the French soldier philosopher, “Ot two things one 1s certain: either you're mobilized or you're not mobilized. If you're not mobilized, there is no od to worry; if you are mobilized, of two things one is cer- tain: either you're behind the lines or you're on the front, If you're be- | hind the lines there ts no need to worry; if you're on the front, of two things ono 1s certain: either you're resting in @ safe place or you're ex- posed to danger, If you're resting in a safe place there 18 no need to worry; if you're exposed to danger, of two things one ts certain: either you're wounded or you're not woun ed, If you're not wounded there ip & graduate of Cornell University, who as for five years dean of Wilson College, and whose name stood high- est on the eligible list. “I just stumbled into the city ser- vice," Mrs. Crocker told me, “and that is how most women get in, Some- body tells them there are excellent positions under the city government and they look them up, take an ex- amination and are appointed, New York City employs large numbers of women as clerks, stenog- raphers and typists or copyists, but women are eligible to take al of our examinations not marked specifically male. This 1s a great advance, as formerly they were excluded from | participation In all examinations not | marked specifically female. Recently | we had a woman take the examina- tion for stationary fireman and she passed, but was not appointed. She | was the widow of a Janitor and when her husband died had kept on with his work. The agent of the building where she worked did not like to |have a woman employed as janitor and he made a rule that no one could attend the fires except in overalls. After that the plucky woman went |to work in overalls, They finally got her out and she came over here and asked to be allowed to take the ex- amination for stationary flreman. “She Was put through an examina- tion probably much harder than a man would have had to face and passed, practical tests and every- thing. You know women and men anaes are as quiet as that I know they are in gome mischief. “What fo! asked Mr. Jarr, It to be quiet. When they are quiet you want me to call them to atten- tion. Is a parent to be a Prussian drillmaster?” “Well, @ parent might give a little help in home discipline, Willie wants to join the Junior Naval Reserve, ind yesterday when Miss Pruyn was here he asked her for ten cents.” are inscribed on separate lists and no head of a department need ap- point a woman unless he wishes, no matter how high her percentage. He is supplied with both lists and he can appoint men with lower percentages if he feels that way about It. | Women are eligible for appoint-| e city as medical, tene- ment and food inspectors, as inspec- Es of | | ment by t licenses and weights and| tit?” asked Mr. Jarr. meamures and of fire prevention. They| Did Re ell Hl Aree ne ea are really given preference as social] “Yes, he did, a! Investigators, ‘They can qualify as| fied!" cried Mrs. Jarr. physicians, psychologists, bacteriolo- rists, laboratory assistants, dietic- ns, superintendents in different | |lelds, as swimming instructors, fleld jnurses and in a score of other occu- pations, We shall have éxaminations |for some of these positions very soon and [ think it highly desirable that | the women of New York should know |of the opportunities offered them in the city service, “Why mortified? ‘That's what's called ‘closing the deal’ in business circles. Anybody can go out selling goods, but to get the orders, to make the prospect sign on the dotted line and thus become a customer—that's salesmanship!" remarked Mr, Jarr. “Now if he had asked for the ten cents and not gotten it, you might complain.” Wash _ “Miss Pruyn wouldn't have given It to him !f she hadn't her own ends to serve. She's getting up @ course By Martin Green | The Week's Copyright, 1917, ty The Prem Publithing Ov, (The New York Brentng World.) se HIS old conscription stuff still | seems to be poison to a great in the Congress,” remarked the head polisher. “The sentiment against conscription or universal military service 18 pretty strong out among the populace, tvo,” said the laundry man, “Right here in this town, which 1s supposed to be \Germans start on the United States wo will probably assimilate the first punch, there 1s a widespread tendency |no need to worry: if you are wounded one of two things Is certain: either you're wounded seriously or you are wounded slightly. If you are wounded slightly th no need to worry; if you're wound: seriously, of things one is certain; either you re- cover or you die, af you recover there is no need to worry; if you die you can't worry. i WHERE, INDE&D? HILDREN,” sald the Sunday school superintendent, “this | picture filustrates to-day’: lesson: Lot was warned to take his wife and daughters and flee out of Sodom. Here are Lot and his daugh- ters, with his wife just begind them; many of our public servants | patriotic to a degree, because if the two | © to let the other fellow do the fight- ing. With one notable exception this sentiment 1s boing encouraged by the element that manipulated the pacifist propaganda prior to the declaration of war. “Phe fact that the pacifists are al- most universally for volunteer serv! “I read an article the other day, written by @ pacifist and published in a ifist organ, in which it was speciously shown that Lord Kitchen raised a volunteer army in Great Britain, No reference was made to the fact that after Lord Kitchener had raised his volunteer army the Govern- t of Great Britain had to resort onacription “Nor was there any reference to the umstances under which the lish volunteer army was raised, First, there was the personality of Kitch- ener—K <a popular idol—a mill- tary joss, Then there was the ap- parent preparation on all sides for an invasion of England by a Ger- man army—hundreds of miles of trenches along the coast, en a man sees soldiers digg ng detenso trenches In his front yard he 13 more or Yess inspired with the fighting spirit. “The Germans helped along British volunteer recruiting by sending 7ep- pelins over England and bombarding little seacoast towns. Actually the war, a8 a friend of mine from Bir- of lectures on ‘War Economies for the Young.’ She wants us to send the children and will make us @ special price for the course—ten dollars for six talks.” | the war tn her own territory, had to | go to conscription after she had | raised @ volunteer army, We are sup- posed to be a direct, practical people, and If we are golng into a war to Which we have already pledged $7,000, - 000,000, we should march Into it down time economy for children, or parents Hie, Rrons Havlevard Gf Sonscriplion | sitner,, in: Cat Me. Sarr rejoined. back alleys of the volunteer system,” | “You and I can give them our usue course of economics for the youthful ought to put a blight on volunteer — pita service, Most of the pacitists are pro- | 66 OME of our Representatives In| mind and save the ten dollars Be Firth, aie beans be kate us G05: tho Congress aeem to think| your potato, Willie; potatoes are making war on Germany. Now they the war furnishes a good @X- joweiry these days!’ ‘Don't seuft your are fighting to have the army made|cuse for national prohibition,” satd|ghoes, Emma; shoes cost twice what up of volunteers, Nothing could be|the head polisher, hey used to!’ and 60 on.” plainer than that they are trying to “There ja @ backs a they * pata cripple our strength in warfare. ackground to Yes, I know,” sald Mrs, Jarr. “But ) tional prohibition | considered,” said “In the first place and of spirituous and malt liquors is an industry recognized and Heensed by the United States Gov- ernment. In this industry there are | employed hundreds of thousands of| i ‘ Pen ” men and, indirectly, many thousanas| mind could be sown with vegetables, of women, National prohibition would | grumbled Mr. Jarr, “Flowers are no immediately throw this great ny | higher than they used to be eae ee te Cp thle Jobs, It would | “aq gon't nee how that affects us!” be suleida me o 5 ous tt oot tleally decimate the ranie’ of wane. | anifted Mra, Jarr, “You never buy ers by an industrial revolution, j any flowers for me, any more he adyocates of forcible national) “Haven't any money to buy flowers Prohibition at this ume must first! after we've paid war prices for vege- make provision for caring for the/tapies,” explained Mr. Jarr, ‘But what about Miss Pruyn's proposi- tion? I want to hear It, By George, everybody seems to have a war graft except me! “Well, she's very practi: |, Miss pruyn 1s," explained Mrs, Jarr. “For instance, I wanted her to see how which should laundry be man, the manufacture chikiren are not impressed by what |their parents tell them as they are impressed by what strangers tell them. Miss Pruyn says a child's mind in a little garden where nothing should be sown but flowers,” “qt would be better if a child's brewery and distillery workers, glass blow rs, coopers, truckmen, mechan- loon Keepers, bartenders, por- cashiers and employees tn’ bus nesses directly dependent on the liquor trade who will be deprived of their livellhood. Are they all expect- ed to volunteer to enlist in the army?” and there 1s Sodom in the background; | mingham, Ain. puts it, busted right in| 66] SEE" said the head polisher, | bright our Hite Brame was and I | Now, has any girl or boy @ question | England's face, If the English couldn't ‘that Billy Sunday says New| had little ane Pid ° SP yiakls, recruit a volunteer army in the cir- York tsn't euch a bad Twinkle, TAttle Star!’ nd she |Refore we take up the atudy of the [eingtunen they might a8 well BAY [after ai” toma, | Swine, Ae RAL ead ane , wh up their hands, “peathe, thir." tigped the tateet| "rhe war ie ,000 miles away from| ‘New York,” sald the taundry man,|opportunity to inculcate the firet t uate from the infant class, “where | ue, It 1s a nebulous proposition to| “has had a lot of experience in edu- | principles of astronomy, She told lit- [Tey the flea?’-—ilarpels Monthiy, most of our people, England, with tle Bmma to always remember that cating visiterg to that viewpoin ‘ght, 1917, by the Prew Publishing Oo, (The New York Brening World), Call them in here!" | the children are noisy you tell them} “I can't see where there's any war) {cCardell stars did not twinkle, that thelr seeming to do s0 was merely an op- ion due to atmospherio eon- ‘Good for her!" exclaimed Mx, Jarr, Thus does the poetio tmagtnation refute the platitudes of bores!” “Well, you may think it smart, but I was mortified,” remarked Mrs, Jarr telly, “And when she asked our Wille if he knew the common min- erals, and flora and fauna, he sald he didn't know the minerals, but there was @ family named Minsky who kept the little fur store around the corner, and they\had @ little girl who wore spectacles and her name was Flora.” “I trust he also knew the fauna,” said Mr, Jarr with mock seriousness “Why, yes, he said he had seen the fauna at the circus,” answered Mrs, Jarr. “Why pay ten dollars for a course of War Economics for a boy like that?” orfed Mr. Jarr. “I trust he made practical use of the ten cents | he extorted from Miss Pruyn, and | went to the movies with iti “No,” said Mra, Jarr. “I wasn't golng to encourage him. I made him put it in his little bank. I don’t think Miss Pruyn will bother us again!” T was on this dato in 1686 that Halley | announced to the Royal Astronom- feal Boctety of England that “his worthy countryman, Mr, Isaac New- ton, has an incomparable treatt motion also ready for the press.” He added that Mr. Newton had discovered 4 principle by which he had “mage out all the phenomena of tho celestial mo- tions 60 easily and naturally that ite on | truth ts past dispy A few days later Newton's “Principia” tn manu- | seript was presented to the soc ety, Voltaire is the chict authority for the popular belief that it was the | falling of an apple that led Sir Isaac | to discover the law of gravitation, The | great Frenchman gained ghis Informa- | tion from Newton's favorite niece, | Catherine Barton, who married Con- duitt, a ow of the Royal Soclety, and one of Newton's most intimate friends, Voltaire says: “One day, in the year 1866, Newton went into the edu y, and seeing fruit | fall from a@ treo (as his niece, Mme, | Conduitt, has informed me), entered into a profound train of thought ag to | the causes which could lead to such a drawing together or attraction.” Mar. tin Folkes is authority for the state. | ment that the fruit was an apple, and the tree from which it fell was said to | have been in the garden of Sir Isaac's home at Woolsthorpe. This tree wi carefully preserved until about a ce tury ago, when, owing to decay, it was cut down, and its wood made into souvenirs, A block of this wood is now in the possession of the Royal As- | tronomtcal Society, Bir David Brewa- ter, in his "Life of Newton,” without expressly declaring himself, indicates his acceptance of the Voltairian his. tory of the apple tree,