The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, November 7, 1903, Page 8

o i | | | | [ | | | | - > Building New Land. BY GEORGE F! RICK WRIGHT, A M D. (Author of 1 in North America, Among but often despised agencies ng water in i work of down the continents ar gleworn prominent place. This | they 4 ¥ eparing the material and making it ssible Darwin has dis- n a very interesting er. According to his on the average 35000 acre, weighing 178 these animals in soll that they ace about seven which ig in condi- washed away by the fall- can be learned despise the day of et when we tread lestroying an im re s it cal agency aring material for exist, such »rms of animal and n of heat and o of ice in starting them ons. But these deserve and we will for ater , What becomes is transported t difficuit to hills i= constantly r the 1, gravel and peb- der proper conditions may nsformed into slatestone, sandstone is furnishing material out and shellfish of various seir personal habi- ich these accumu. place is sor hin historic ous cities which now far inland Northern Italy, g of the Ch wheih was = tian era se famous its name to the teen miles having exte since the city became famous. Paoto, he Peiho, in China, was on the shore of the Yellow Sea 200 B. C. It is now forty miles inland. As late as 50 A. D. the sea was eighteen miles nearer Tientsin than tis n Ail along the head of the Yel- w S atic Sea, is now six- Po and the Adige < the the land is gaining on the water rate of about 100 feet per m. In apbproaching Shanghal, across this sea, one ypeets the turbid water along clearly marked line forty or fifty miles from the shore. 8o sharp is this line in crossing it half of the ship would in the Slue ocean water while the f is Llunging into water made the &iit brought down by the b turbid by Hoangho T ) The Euphrates and Tigris have filled up the head of the Persian Gulf with their sediment untii Ur of the Chaldes, the former residénce of Abraham, is now seventy or eighty miles inland. The deita of the Mississippi is more than 200 miles Jong, and, on the average, sixty miles wide, covering 12000 square miles; while the deposits of the river are pushing it out into the Guilf of Mexico one mile far- ther every sixteeen years. Toward the Jower part of its course this sediment is known to be several hundred feet in depth. The extensive plains of Eastern and Soutbern China are all deposits of the Hoangho and Yangste-Kiang. Outside of the glaciated region in the northern hemisphere all lake basins, with few ex- ceptions, have been filled to the brim with sediment brought into them by incoming streams, while in the glaciated region, where the lifetime of the lakes has been much shorter, they have been largely filled with sediment, and so, are under- going a rapid process of extinction, The western half of Lake BErie, for example, will be converted into solid land in a few thousand years. o ® What is going on thus at the present time helps ue to appreciate the vast ex- tent of similar work which was accom- plished during the long geologic ages. In early geological time the whole Missis- sippi Valley, from the Rocky Mountains to the Adirondacks, and the range of Archean rocks, extending southward to North Carolina, was a vast open sea, into which were pouring rivers from the land on the east and the north which had already risen above the sea. These rivers, like those already described at the present time, were bearing into this sea their burdens of sediment and spreading it out over the bottom until it became full. The Misissippi is but continuing this work in filling up the Gulf of Mexico. All the rocks of the Mississippl Basin are of sedimentary origin. Their total thickness is many thousand feet. The different strata lie one upon another, like the Jeaves of & book, each containing some fossil marks of life to indicate its relative age. o » According to the most moderate calcu- lations the crystalline mountains sur- rounding the Mississippi basin on the north and east (which constityte the old- est land in the world) began their work of filling up the Mississippi basin about 30,000,000 years ago, and all that time has been necessary to prepare America for its present remarkable leaps in civilization, If in times past the same rate of erosion has been in progress that is £oing on now 1,500,000 cubic miles of sediment has been handled in this work of preparation. This would make a mountain twenty miles wide and a2 mile high and' 75,00 miles 10ng, or enough to reach around the world three times. Great as is the amount - of sedimentary rocks in the world, so industrious and efficient are the running streams of water that it is caj. culated by Alfred Russell Wallace that the entire work of its removal and deposi- tion could easily have been aceomplished in the limits set above to geological time. Minute Cells of Body. BY W. R. C. LATSON, M. D. (Editor Health Culture Magazine, New York.) The human body seems to be an indi- visible unit—one thing, And so it is, but only in the sense than an army, a cam- — Numerous | bottom of the | » form vast beds deltas that disfance | to which great Chinese rivers | ! munity, is one thing. In the truest sense the body is not one, but many—a compos ite made up of millions of milllons of small particles. These particles are called cells. The body which seems so solid and indtvisible is, in reality, nothing more nor less than a mass of cells; and the life of the body in all its many manifestations 1s merely the result of the aggregate ac- tivities of the cells forming it. So far from being a solid unit the body may rather be likened to a vast army of work- ers divided into regiments and corps, each division having its special duty. Each | division Is composed of countless millions | of individuals. Take. for instance, the carriers of the body, the erythrocytes, or red blood cells, each of which is 1-3200 of | an inch in diameter. In a cubic inch of | blood there are 70,000,000,000 of these min- | | ute bodies. In the body at any one time there are about thirty millions of mil- lons (30,000,000,000,000) of these workers. So much for one of the smallest of these divisions! aiie e | Naturally man's first conception of his | own body was that of a solid, non-divisi- | ble organism. Just so the child’s first | | idea of a brick house is that it is a solid homogeneous whole. Later he learns that the brick house is in reality a mass of | small particles fitted together and so | making up a perfect whole. And in the| | =ame manner man, studying his own and | cther bodies with the old microscope, dis- | covered in the early part of the last cen- | tury that certain parts of the body were | made up of smaller bodles. And from | this modest beginning grew that splendid | system now known as the cell doctrine. | The cell doctrine, in a word, is the re- | | alization that all living bodies, both an-| | imal and vegetable, probably mineral, | too, for that matter, are merely clusters | of infinitely minute bodles, called cells. These cells are for the most part =o small, e and so translucent that they studied only by one fully equipped | microscope and other apparatus, for staining and some degree Therefore it is quite | that the average reader is sur- | | prised to learn that his body Is no more homogeneous than a stone house, a tiled | pavement or a river full of floating logs. > p To look at a tooth, for instance, one would imagine it to be a solid, homogen- | eous mass. Examined under a micro- | scope, however, we find the tooth to be no | more homogeneous than a brick wall, be- constructed of hexagonal prisms anding on end and firmly cemented to- gether, and presenting a surface not un- like a tiled floor. Those prisms are ar- ranged o as to best withstand the me- chanical strains to which they are sub- ject. They are so minute that it would take many thousands of them placed end to end to extend a distance of one inch. | The mucous membrane which, beginning | at the eyelids, nostrils, lips and other or- | ifices of the body, lines its entire internal | | surface, seems to the unaided sight and { {touch a perfectly firm, smooth surface. | “xamined under a microscope, however, the mucous membrane is seen to consist | of cells of various shapes, arranged in |a kind of pavement like cobblestones, | Belgian blocks or tiling. | The skin is closely allied to the mucous | membrane; in fact, both are formed of | what are called epithelial cells, modified suit their differing requirements. The n consists of several layers of epithe- lial cells, the outermost layer being called the cpidermis or cuticle, the inner the| true skin or cutis. This lower layer of | the skin consists of living cells, which | | are constantly being reproduced. These | | cells as they grow older are pushed up- | ward and outward by the newborn cells beneath. The cuticle or outer skin, there. fore, consists merely of the dead or dying | epithelial cells, which have been displaced | by their own ungrateful offspring. In the | last stage of mummification these cells | are thrown off from the surface of the | skin. Friction or strain of any kind causes | the cells to retain their vitality longer, hence the skin at such points is thicker, | as, for instance, at the palm of the hand | and the sole of the foot. s e pe To describe even the little known about the cells and their afkivities would fill a | volume. It may be ' .id briefly that each | organ and struct” « of the body is com- posed of some 1. 'cular kind or kinds of | cells, the foun /i which is that best adapted to the Wwofk to be done. Thus in | the teeth, as we have seen, and In bone | we have solid, bricklike structures, firm- ly cemented into place, in the mucous membrane an elastic pavement or tiling and in the skin a complex system of self- | renewing pavement, beautifully adapted to meet the varied requirements of a pro- tective covering, a basis for the insertion | of hair follicles and tactive nerve endings, | and a medlum through which certain glands, many millions in number, may pour out through tiny tubes their secre- tions filtered from the blood. But perhaps, after all, the most remark- able and interesting thing about the cells is that despite their infinitesimal size and | stupendous number each is a separate and to some extent an independent being. Each is a living ereature, which is born, grows, reaches its prime, does its work, reproduces others like itself and then dies, Each cell has its special duty, and in the performance of that duty displays a cer- tain amount of what must be called in. telligence. But the history of the individual cell, birth, growth, reproduction and death, we will discuss in another article. Army Supplies. The statistics of the army subsistence department show some interesting sources of supply. San Francisco supplied the largest portion of the articles of the ra- tion and many sales stores. Chicago fur- nished the bulk of the salt meat and meat products, while Kansas City and Omaha were also drawn upon for packing-house products. St. Louis furnished a few Larticles which that market could most economically supply. New York furnished the greater portion of the articles for sales fo officers and enlisted men. The policy of the subsistence department is to purchase in the most advantageous mar- ket, considering cost and quality and the interests of the Government, and always favors the home or local market, every- thing being equal. In pursuance of this policy the following articles were pur- chased at Manila: French beef, fresh mut- ton, rice, potatoes, onlons, teas, issue sugar, ice, matches, butter, cheese, cigars, clotheslines, ginger ale, Australian milk, Pear's tollet soap, table salt, cut loaf sugar, granulated sugar, powdered sugar, Tansan water, tollet water, stewards’ stores for transports and exceptional articles.—Omaha Bee. with | chemical of technical skill. | natural Against His Dignity. A writer in the current Harper's Week- ly reports an amusing new anecdote which Bishop Potter tells on himself. “When one has lived for years in Ameri- ca without any special title in ordinary conversation,” says the Bishop, “it is not easy to become accustomed to being hail- ed as ‘my lord’ whenever any service is rendered. During my various trips to Eu- ‘lorded” right and left. At last I was in a fair way of becoming spoiled, when a little occurrence mercifully delivered me. 1 had reached home, after a run abroad, and while the | cational THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 1903. THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL JOBN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. . - . - - - . . . Address All Communications to JOHN McNAUGHT, Manager Publication Office... SATURDAY.. SAN FRANCISCO AT ST. LOUIS. HE mercantile bodies of this city have taken highly T commendable action to secure a proper exhibition of our place in the commercial geography of the world and of the use we have thus far made of our advantages. There is much evidence that the geographical position of a city is not all there is in determining its fate and future. The trade relations of the Atlantic seaboard being with Europe, New York has not the best location to take advan- tage of them. That was an attribute of Boston and that city had a long start of New York. But the hinterland of a city plays a great part in its rise and progress. The building of the Erie canal gave New York a direct connection with the interior by a water line extending from the Hudson River to the great lakes. It tapped for her the whole basin east of the Mississippi River and made the shores of Lakes Erie, Michigan and Superior her hinterland. As rapidly as settlement overtook the wilderness in all that region its sur- plus products drained through the water line of communica- tion and the great point of exchange was established in New York City, whose supremacy was assured by that con- quest of the transportation to her warchouses of the com- merce of a vast region, Before railroads were thought of as practicable rivals of waterways New York was advanced beyond any possible rivalry. Boston, situated nearer to Europe with ample sea- port facilities, could not get to the West by water and drop- ped hopelessly behind her great rival. When railroads were built they naturally sought such a placement as would enable them to compete for trade already established, and every one aimed at New York as its seaboard terminus. In the fur- ther development of her transportation system New York | tapped her rivals by rail, and Boston, Philadelphia and Balti- more became contributors to her supremacy and depended | upon commercial connection with her facilities for their own progress. It is shown beyond dispute by Mr. W. H. Mills that when the isthmian canal is built San Francisco instead of losing by her position will gain. We cannot penetrate our hinterland beyond the mountains by canal, but we already reach it by rail, and we should co-operate in fellowship and with eager earnestness with our existing and all proposed railway systems in every project that brings every point of commer- cial advantage in our transalpine region within reach of this city by rail. Federal irrigation is to extend production in that region. It is to plant productive farms where now is the desert. It is to build towns, incite manufactures and create industry which must have for its output an outlet by sea. We should leave no expedient untried that will make San Francisco that outlet. Our great commerce in the fu- ture is to be Asiatic. Let this city be to that trade what New York is to the trade of Europe. Let us attract hither | the irternational merchants and financiers, whose enterprise seeks all over the planet the foci of commerce, on every con- tinent and in every country. * A proper, comprehensive and comprehensible exhibit of San Francisco at St. Louis is a master step in the processes by which we can draw to us the international enterprise of the world and fix upon us the permanent attention of our own hinterland. The raised map proposed by Mr. Mills is a capital feature as a foundation. The eye is caught by that which is graphic. It prepares the mind for the study of details which are largely statistical. In the same line is the moving picture, which iascinates and attracts beyond any other method of graphic illustration. By that means we can show the crowds and life of our streets, the movement of ships on the bay, the flowing tide of trade on our docks; our industries in motion, not only on our wharves and in our warehouses and manu- factories can be exhibited, but our rural industries, our lum- bering, mining and our harvests can be cast in motion upon the screen. In like manner we can show our moral and edu- position among the cities of the world. The church and school going crowds can move on the canvas to show our devotion to the higher things of life, and as a back- ground our church and school architecture. As practically a part of the life of this city our two universities can be en- listed in such an exhibit, and Berkeley on the campus and Stanford on the quadrangle will make an impressive feature in the great panorama. With unity of effort this. city can make an impression that nothing will efface. We will enjoy the advantage, too, of having in every audience that will see it people who have visited us. Our position on the highway around the world has brought here in transit vast numbers from every nation, largely of that class which will go to Ct. Louis. Hundreds of thousands of our own countrymen have seen us in our actual life. No graphic illustration of this city can be shown without meeting the vision of some of these, who will be our vocal advertisers to certify, to all who hear, the fidelity of the picture. We should by no means omit to implead our climate. With the facilities offered by Golden Gate Park and many of our fine private grounds we should justify our claim of being a winterless land by showing the January aspect of nature, the tropical and semi-tropical flora that flourish here, the palms and the bamboo and others which to all men express clem- ency of climate and the absence of harshness and rigor dur- ing the winter months. Such an exhibit gives vitality to the official records of our temperature and sunshine. Urged forward with energy this exhibit can give imperial prominence to San Francisco and make this the most attract- ive city that will be before the world’s eye at that great parliament of combined civilization, ———— The New York woman cashier who traveled the prim- rose path, struck life only in the high places, squandered money and was, generally ‘a “good fellow,” ended her erratic career as a defaulter in the sum of thirty-seven thou- sand dollars. It is only occasionally that the gentler sex will consent to pose as an awful example to giddy youth, but when it does it shines superbly in comparison, RIS R T The desire to escape seems to have become a habit at the Folsom penitentiary. This follows inevitably as an effect from a cause. If some of the jailbirds had been ,-’bo! to death in their first effort and those subsequen.'- ‘captured had been promptly hanged the prison would now be a model of right behavior. Fear, not reformation, is the guide to sweetness and light in a penitentiary. A Bulgarian diplomat, graced by the confidence of his Government, is authority for the prediction that next spring war between Bulgaria and Turkey is inevitable. The prophecy is encouraging. If there is a nation in Europe pining for and deserving a sound thrashing it is Bulgaria. And no nation is more justified in whipping her than Turkey. ¢ S i Fourteen blocks of buildings destroyed, one life snuffed out, twenty men and women injured, five hundred families homeless and one million five hundred thousand dollars in property consumed -Third and Market Streets, S. F. .NOVEMBER 7, 1903 MORMON COURAGE. T is an interesting coincidence that our reference to the Mormon church in politics and its desire to fortify polygamy by colonizing and controlling the intermoun- tain States was concurrent with the pro-polygamous speech of Apostle Grant to the alumni of Utah University. He boasted frankly of his two wives and of his ambition to make it three. 2 ¥ The polygamous Mormons who were punished under the Tucker-Edmunds law filed a valid claim to the respect of men by frank admission of their guilt of plural marriage, their patient acceptance of punishment, their obedience to the law by selecting one wife and their provision for the care of the others and of their children. That feeling of respect, deepening in some cases into sympathy, was the cause of the tolerant sentiment which enabled the admission of Utah into the Union. The first presidency of the church proclaimedx the end of polygamy, and it seemed as though the Mormon community had put itself in line with the sentiment of the Union. Everybody was pleased to believe the issue closed for there is much about the Mormons, as a class and individ. ually, to attract the respect of their fellow citizens, and all | good men were glad that the obstacle to the free play of that respect had been removed. Whn Senator Frank Cannon, a Mormon monogamist, was a candidate for re-election his church opposed him. This opposition nagged him to desperation, and in a speech in Salt Lake he denounced the hierarchy of his church for bad faith with the Union in regard to polygamy. Of course that cut him off from all chance of political preferment in Utah. But it was a voice from the inside, an utterance from behind the secret ceremonies of the church, that lie behind the locked doors of the beautiful temple that is closed to all but the faithful. Now the lapse of time, the constitutional inde- pendence of Statehood, success in controlling the politics of Utah and Idaho and the hope to soon do the same in Wyoming and Nevada and in New Mexico and Arizona, have made the church bold, and Apostle Grant does not scruple to confirm the charge of -Senator Cannon. It presents a serious issue. It is quite difficult to get the American politician to consider an abstract question of mor- | als as more important than the success of his party at the next election. We are familiar with all the arguments in | favor of polygamy, that was divinely ordained for the Jews and is the natural condition of man, and that the vices of a monogamous people are pleaded as its excuse. The answer is that the monogamous nations are the strong nations. Among them art and science and civilization have had their | latest rise and their greatest advance. The polygamous and polyandrous peoples have halted in the march and lag hope- lessly behind. All this is in spite of the handicap of vice and incontinence of which the Mormons have preached so glibly. Polygamy is an expression of social atavism, the recur- rence to a past and lower type. No doubt polygamy was a great improvement upon the casual and entirely promiscuous | system which preceded it. But in the evolution of morals and civilization monogamy has superseded it and a step back- ward is unthinkable. The apostles may be sure of this, that no temporizing of politicians, nor moral laxness, no desire for peace will per- manently restrain the American peopie from applying the | besom of their wrath to sweep polygamy out of Utah, though | to do it the doors of the temple have to be opened by can- non and the secret ceremonies behind its walls have to be baned by the law. T failure to spread himself over that State, to inoculate it | with the fads of which he proposed to make Cleveland the victim, has a greater significance than an ordinary politi- cal reverse. He had made himself the chief champion of a | revolution in the function and purpose of government by proposing that public ownership and administration of all | public utilities should extend from municipalities to the Fed- | eral Government itself, In the course of his propaganda he rejected all precaution | and safeguard. Experience has shown the wisdom of the | law of Massachusetts, which is the law of England, that when ! municipal ownership of a public utility is undertaken it must | begin by taking over to public ownership first the private plant of that utility already in existence. This is in con- | formity to justice. It is against public policy to destroy pri- | vate property and obliterate capital invested without compen- sation, and it is unsafe for the more expensive public admin- istration of a utility to enter into competition with a more economically managed private property. In addition to this wholesome safeguard of the public interest is the other prim- itive and necessary obligation to leave the general fund of a city free from the imposition cf any burden imposed by pub- lic ownership of a public utility. This can be done only by making the bonds that create such utility a lien on the plant and not on the taxpayers, But in these two prime principles Mr. Johnson threw all prudence and caution to the winds and proposed to plunge cities, States and the Federal Government into public owner- ship in competition with existing private plants and to put the financial burden upon the taxpayers and not upon the plants, Fortunately Ohio had the benefit of sore experience in public ownership in Xenia, Columbus, Toledo and other cities, and while Johnson was callous to the lesson the people heeded it and wisely took it as a guide. They rejected him with a majority that should jolt even him back to a condi- tion of business sense. The result is useful here, where so many theorists are en- thusiastic to the verge of fanaticism on the subject of public ownership. The known evils of private ownership were in favorable contrast in Ohio with the known evils of public ownership, and the people of that State will settle back to the conservative position of wise and honest public regula- tion of public utilities in private ownership and will not TOO MUCH JOHNSON. HE defeat of Mr. Johnson in Ohio, his overwhelming embark upon municipal trading except under the necessary conditions of absence of competition and freedom of the tax- payer from any burden undertaken in behalf of public owner- ship. e ——— A young man, reputable, self-supporting, industrious and otherwise worthy, arrived a few days ago from Australia and was immediately pounced upon and deported as a contract laborer. He came here assured of a good salary as a bank clerk in one of our local institutions. - The idiocy of our Federal laws in such matters is emphasized by the interesting fact that hordes of coolie “native sons” have cheated the Government and are eluding the barriers to a successful ad- mission to this country. 5 In a recent appointment of police officers the authori- ties of Oakland were particularly careful not to permit poli- ties to influence their choice. How very refreshing it is to have such a striking example of right motives in public ey Ea i Comedy of Matrimony. “Probably the queerest matrimonial venture that ever came to my notice,” sald “Cupid” Danforth, the marriage license man, “was that of the couple who made three ineffectual attempts to get married on the same marriage license and then gave it up in disgust. When the couple came to me for the license they both acted In a rather excited manner and the young girl appeared to be an un- willing party to the proceedings. How- ever, they went away with the license and the scquel to the affair was told to me afterward by the minister wWho was asked to tie the nuptial knot. “It appears that the couple through the ceremony without hitch up to the time that the lady Wi sked: ‘Do you take this man to be your wedded husband? After a long pause the lady sharply said ‘No. When asked for her reason she replied: ‘Well, you see, I've taken a sudden dislike to him.’ “The party broke up” in a hurry, but everal months later the couple again ppeared before the minister and all went merry as a marriage bell until the hus- band-to-be was asked if he took the lady to be his lawful wedded wife. No doubt as a measure of retaliation he said ‘No." and when pressed for the reason said: ‘Well, I've taken a sudden dislike to her. ““The couple patched up their differences and once more repaired to the minister, and this time they each agreed to take the other for life partners. ““At this point the minister said: ‘Well, you can both go home, for 1 will not marry you.' The surprised couple there- upon asked the reason for the minister's decision and the latter replied: ““Well, T've taken a sudden dislike to both of you." " Mistakes Will Happen. A well-known newspaper man got tired of the strenuous life of the city and ac- cepted the position of editor of a paper in a mining town. It was just prior to an election and his instructions were to sling mud, and lots of it, at the opposi- tion candidates. At his request he was supplied with a bodyguard—a big, strap- ping Irishman, whose duty it was to sit outside the sanctum while a visitor was paying his respects to the editor and rush in when he heard the editor’s bell ring. Happy in the consciousness that he was amply protected against personal violence, the editor continued to sling mud and party feeling ran high. He received sev- eral calls from outraged citizens, but the bodyguard was always there at the tinkle of the bell and saved him from punish- ment. The bodyguard fully earned his salary of $3 per day. No demand for retraction had been made for two days and the bodyguard thought he would have time to join a friend for half an hour in a saloon a few doors from the newspaper office. While he was gone an indignant citizen entered the sanctum, and pulling a copy of the paper out of his pocket, pointed to an article and sternly asked: “Did you write that?” “That’s what I did,” flippantly retorted the editor as he touched the bell. He was yanked out of his chair and for five min- utes the indignant citizen mopped the floor with him and finished by throwing him in a heap in a corner. A few minutes after the indignant eciti- zen had left the bodyguard returned. He pulled the editor to his feet and was greeted with the remark In a feeble voice: “Where in thunder have you been? You're docked three dollars.” ‘A Friend of Mankind. Having discovered to her own satisfac- tion that ants are the breeders and dis- seminating agents of all noxious mi- went j crobes which destroy life, there Is in the city a woman who sits for hours daily on the hillsides of the Western Addition col- lecting ants. This lady carries two fruit jars with her when she starts out to make her collections. Into one jar she will place the white ants and into the other the brown ones. These little mites of creation she picks up by the aid of a pair of tweezers and places in the jars. ‘When tired out with her laborious task she returns to her home and empties the contents of the jars Into two larger fruit jars, which she corks with glass stoppers, thus confining the agents of life destroy- ers. In her hallucination on this subject she believes that the white ants poison the lungs and bring on tuberculosis, while the brown ones convey typhoid and other fevers destructive to the human family. Her reason for placing them in the jars and keeping them in confinement is that it is the only way in which they are con- trolled and prevented from disseminating the poison they contain. If burned, she | holds, the germs would be equally as de- tructive in dust and ashes. How long he demented woman has been engaged in this harmless pastime is not known, further than that the accumulation of ants which she has collected fills four quart jars. The Call regrets that its literary page for next week is already in the forms, for ! otherwise it would be delighted to place the following remarkable contribution, from an unknown poet, in the forefront of the literary gems of the age: A DIVINE REBUKE. Your noble work is ended, your man s “strict- oo y 3 Thank goodness, the voters know what they're about, You did your best to beat Schmitz, we don't thank you ‘That he will rule our city for another year or two. 2 peuple swallow your I You ‘thought you could teach us 1o jearn o5 You tried to make the espise The noblest of Mayors, the truest, best man, You might have abandoned this hopeless pian, ‘Three cheers for our Mayor, may he live to be old, , And scorn the papers who deigned to be sold, May God bless his efforts, reward him, for it's An Honor to congratulate Eugene B. Schmitz, Trade Signs. In speaking of the origin of the use of signs it must never be forgotten that in past times they were not confined, as now, almost exclusively to public houses, says the Liverpool Post. We have still the sign of the pole for a barber, the black boy for a tobacconist, the rod and fish for a tackle dealer, the golden balls for a pawnbroker, and some athers; but for- merly almost all houses of business dis- played their signs, just as inns and taverns do now. Evidence of this fact is at the White Hart, the Red Lion, the Green Dragon, the Golden Tun, or some such sign. Most of Shakespeare's works, it may be moted, were first issued from - . nificance, often much obscured by the mists of antiquity, is usually an interest- ing one. A Great Work. One of the most extensive, successful and Interesting philanthropies in the world is that-conducted by Dr. Barnardo in London. Dr. Barnardo is deveting his Iife to the rescue and training of destitute children. He is the executive head of a great incorporated soclety, founded by himself, which has dealt with over 50,000 Street waifs. The society receives only children who are absolutely destitute. The children are trained in the society’s homes or placed in private familles. A careful record is kept of the career of every child, and the books of the soclety show that an overwhelming majority of the rescued waifs become self-supporting, respectable members of society. The records show that less_than 3 per cent of the children go to the bad, 10 per cent fail to maintain themselves, 30 to 40 per cent become trust- worthy servants or laborers, 40 per cent become successful farmers or mechanics and 5 to 10 per cent enter the professions. These figures furnish convincing proof of the social value of Dr. Barnardo’s rescue work. 4 New . Departure. Application has been recently made by A. H. Gilmore, formerly business man- ager of one of the papers at Newport News, to cover an invention worked out by that gentleman by which he says he can increase the speed of steam ves- sels by about double at one-half the operating cost. He proposes to put the propellers in the bow instead of the stern. This will necessitate some change In the lines of such boats as com- pared with those at present in vogue, and until his ideas are fully protected by pat- ents, Mr. Gilmore refuses to give the de- tails, He says: “It is a well-known fact that it is easier to pull a cart than to push it. Why does not the same apply to ves- sels? I know that it does. I have experi- mented with a small craft In the waters around Newport News and have found that there are excellent grounds for my statement.” After securing his patents Mr. Gilmore will immediately arrange for the construction of a boat on the lines of his invention and make public demonstra- tions. Cupid’s Worthy Servant. The Rev. David Hogan of Vernon Coun- ty, Missour!, must pretty nearly hold the belt in Missouri as a marrying parson, ac- cording to the Kansas City Journal. He wedded his ten hundred and seventh couple near Deerfield last week. The Rev. Mr. Hogan is 92 years old. He first went from Tennessee to Missouri In 1332, and has lived there constantly since 1850. He has been a minister in the Cumberland Presbyterian church since 1335, and deliv- ered the first sermon ever preached in Vernon County in an old bullding which was used for several years as a school- house, church and courthouse. Despite his great age Mr. Hogan still preaches occasionally, and as he is in great de- mand for weddings in Vernon County and has good health he will probably add a gcod many more marriage ceremonies to his record before he dies. Literary Anniversary. A few of the ultra-literary of London celebrated a unique anniversary a few weeks ago. It was on October 15, in the year 1764, that Gibbon concetved the idea of the “Decline and Fall” as he sat mus- ing amid the ruins of the capitol at Rome, “while the barefooted friars were singing vespers In the Temple of Jupiter.” Twen- ty-three years later, on June 27, 1787, be- tween the hours of 11 and 12 at night, the last lines of the last page were written in a summer-house in his garden at Lau- sanne. Answers to Queries. THE SAN RAFAEL-J. R. R, City. The steamer San Rafael was run into by the Sausalito and sunk November 30, 1901 STAGE LINES-J. 8. K, San Jose. There are three ways to reach Mariposa by stage. From Raymond, twenty-six miles; from La Grande, thirty-two miles, and from Merced, forty-six miles. SUIT FOR DAMAGES—N. N, City. As to the right to sue a rallroad company in Colorado for damages received in 139, the party interested should consult a re- putable attorney. This department will give the law, but not legal advice. GREEN OLIVES—Subscriber, City. This department has not the space to de- scribe the method of preserving green olives. The State Horticultural Bureau, Sacramento, has published a treatise on that subject and can no doubt furnish you a copy thereof. THE CHURCH MURDERS-G. D. 8., City. The murder of the two girls in a church on Capp street occurred in April, 18%. The body of one was discovered in the church parlor on the 13th of that month and the body of the other was found in the belfry on the following day. TO TAMALPAIS—T., City. The ascent to the top of Mount Tamalpais, for those who desire to walk, can be made by either the Mill Valley or the Ross Val- ley trail. miles in length by a zigzag, easy ascend- ing grade. The other is shorter, but much steeper. e SOLDIER'S RIGHTS—-A. O. 8. City. A man who served in the Civil War and was honorably discharged has the right to take up Government land. The time that he served in the war, if not less than ninety days, shall be deducted from the time usually required to perfect title, but no patent shall issue to any settler who has not resided upon, improved and cul- tivated his homestead for a period of at least one year after he shall have com- his improvements. —_—— rumnd'-c;mmm.m“. a pound, In artistic fire- present for Eastern g B Friends. 5 Marier st shoms (o5 Famern Special information y