The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, July 21, 1903, Page 6

6 THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, TUESDAY, JULY 21, 190% BRILLIANT ACHIEUEMENTS ILLUMINE THE CAREER OF CLASSICS ARE HIS IN DERSE < JSplendid Poetry the Work of thg Pqpe. lare Effusions in Masterly Latin. By in Manifold Lines. PR IS HOLINESS frequently wrote | etry before his elevation to pacy The following aytoblography I =e was written by e while still Cardinal Peccl, de fonte recludens, T alumno ndecorat a secundas, A e volutans 1 3 r dein tenet, T salutat Re tque s Umber habet. Se ra ma matis auctus ¥ nut ¥ s re jussus e revisis, oderaris ab Et r gico adauctus Eques: o pubes dev sacerdos, £ ales as 2 prod itat et una beat The Muse Addresses the Poet. first flower v tin helghts what glee ancestral od’'s press your purple dight of great em- as guide you enter your career, nells wise. nto's elime equal sway. a speaks thee fair; er has thee as a guide. reat ain; with ed brows ek the E res—the Pontiff bids Ané ther n maintain the sacred ghts Of Peter and the Apostolic chalr. Back tive la from ‘wintry coasts -remembered scenes. ordain— s church enty. Prine and Belgic y rank knight- youth devote to God thee honor due. ARD F O'DAY, San Pranciscog sllusions 5 persons and n this poem are hardly intel- urther elucidation. They however, by refer- bicgraphy of the Pontiff. with ess the “Life of Leo John OQldcastle, published by the ion Society Company of New t bas the added attraction of entitied ““The Pope's City"” . E. F. O'DAY. R b il Installation and Caronation Ceremonies Continued From Page 5, Column 6. universal headship of the Catholic church, one fold and one shepher® In the second the supremacy of jurisdiction as pastor or shepherd; and in the third circle is cen- tered the temporzl dominion which the Popes enjoyed over a thousand years. ithough the tiara only dates from about yet the thing symbolized by it dates back to Christ's commission to. Peter. The last act of the coronation of the Pope is the taking possession of the Basilica of St. Jehn Lateran, the oldest church in ‘the world. Here the Popes lived for over a thousand years, but since | the Popes took up their abode at the Vatican they still go to St. John's sol- emnly after their coronatioh to take OBy session of their cathedral. At the portal of St John Lateran the arch-priest pre- | serts a gold cross to the Pope to kiss. He is presented with the keys of the Bastlica, ene key of which is of pure gold and the other of virgin sllver. The vast procession takes fts way to the large council ball made famous by Kings and Emperors, men of fetters and historic personages of past ages, and from the | the minimum of salary shall be fixed.’ baicony the Pope addresses the people and distributes large alme. He then returns to the palace of the Vatican. THE you rule the { | | | | | | | | | i Pope Leo at His Devotions in the Sistine Chapel. ‘ ENCYCLICALS ISSUED FROM THE DATICAN EXHIBIT WONDERFUL POWER OF IN Moment Are Marvels of Strength and Clearness of Diction. N April, 1888, Leo XIII issued a de- cree against the Parnellite * campaign,” and against boye: the Car the Supreme Con- gregation of the Inquisition having ecided adv to such means of war- re. The promulgation this edict forth a strong protest from Ire- sely of called land ¥ July cyciical which are 1588, he issued his fdmous en- “Liberty,” the chiet points of | “Liberty is liable to abuse. Modern ‘lib- | erties’ are abuses. Natural liberty be- | longs to men as rational beings. It is de. ! rived from the soul. It is therefore dc—} pendent upon the ‘utellect. True liberty | { therefore follows the dittates of the in- tellect. Liberty needs to be helped by a law. This law is an eternal law. The m»l v applied to soclety hecomu" Liberty is therefore re- ned by obedience—(a) In the Individ- | » to the natural ;aw; (b) in society the human law. “Liberalism bears evil fruits. God al- | lows evil for greater good. Rulers should | keep tb example before them. But lib- | eralism allows no tolerance. Man should submit to God, which liberalism does not | | allow. One form of liberallsm wishes to | separate the church from the state, and allow the church to work thus separated. Another form denies any power to the church further than that of exhortation. Some wisk the church to go with the Umes. All these opinions are fajse and should be substituted by the true doctrine previously laid down. The church desires her sons, except under certain conditions, to take part in public affairs where pos- sible. Saving faith and morals, she ap- proves every kind 5f government.” hu stra Consideration of the Dexed Labor Question | | i URING the year 1579 the Pope ad- D dressed to all the rulers in Chris- tendom an unusually important en- eyclical, in which the labor ques- | tion occupled a very prominent part. His Holiness had long hoped that before the end of his pon- tificate it would be his privilege to bring about a bette understanding between | capitalists and workingmen, or, rather, between the so-called masses and classes, end in this encyclical he pointed out those steps which, in his opinion, might | well be taken with the object of attain- ing such a desirable result. Among other | thirgs he said: “A strike can be justified only as a | means of defense when an individual's | interest 1s attacked. Never can It be justified as a collective arm of aggres- fon. * * * The operative on strike is passive and dominated instrument, not | an intelligent and free being. While his | action lessens the capital of the employ- er, it puts no money into his own pocket. |* * * The right of proteciing the opera- tive, whether in the factory or in the field, shall be admitted, and for this pur- pose the maximum of labor as well as The hours of labor shall be ‘arranged, glving due attention to days of rest and abstention from labor. Laws have been 1 3 5%, i AT IR """ | Official Papers of Head of Catholic Church on Questions of Social made almost universally for the protec- tion of women and children labormg in factories and elsewhere, but in how many cases have those laws been en- forced? Inspectors of work should be appointed everywhere whose duties should be to see that these laws are not infringed."” In a word, the Pope maintained that employers should try to understand the eims and desires of their workingmen and should not leave to unscrup{xlml:' egitators the monopoly of social reform He also claimed that Christianity is the scle bulwark of soclal order and that in- fidelity is the great stimulant of anarchy end discontent. | Pontiff's Diew of Socialism and Nihilism N his encyclical against soclalism, IJlnuury. 1879, the Pope sald: “We now speak of those sects of men who, un- der different and almost barbarous names, are called socialists, com- munists or nihilists, and who, scat- tered through the whole world and closely bound together by an unholy alliance, no longer shelter themselves in the darkness of secret cabals, but boldly advagce in full daylight and labor to achieve thelr purpose, long since formec, of undermining the foundation of all civil soclety. “Seduced by that greed for worldly things which is ‘the root of all evil, which, while many have coveted, they have erred from the faith,’ ‘they attack the right of property sanctioned By nat- ural law, and, by an abominable crime, while they pretend .o provide for all the necessities and desires of man, they Iabor o take from him and render common il that is acquired, either by legitimate in- heritance or by labor of mind or body, or by economy.” : Earnest Plea for Unity Among All Christians N the following year he issued an- Imher notable encyclical, in which he pleaded earnestly for unity among Christians, his words being speeally addressed to Protestants and Greek Cath- olics. In it, too, hé clearly defined the lines which in his judgment should sepa- rate the respective spheres of the church and state. s Masonry he denounced as a grave per- il, claiming that: “under cover of ‘pro- tecting tho rights-of man and reforming soclety it assafls Christian institutions.” And he continues: 1 “It repudiates all revealed doctrines and religious duties. Sacraments it blames as superstitious. Marriage, the idea of family, the education of youth, it strives to deprive of their Christian character, aiming also a! the destruc-’ tion of the popular respect for divine and human power. The cult it orders the cult of nature. And 1t holds up the principles of nature -.: the one measure and the one rule of truth, honesty and Justice.” Scope of Work of the Church in America N Janu 1895, the Pope’s long ex- | pected encyclical to the church in this country was made pubtic. Mgr. Satolli was appointed Apostolic delegate to America in January, 1893, which position be held until his election as cardinal, when he was succeeded by Archbishop Martinelli, and in this encyclical the fuil scope of his work was defined. In this document His Holiness also expressed disapproval of labor riots, and further discussed the relations ot Catholics to secret socleties and of journalists to the bishops. On'these points he says: “The Roman Pontiff, since he cannot personally visit the different regions and thus exercise the pastoral office over the flock intrusted to him, finds it necessary from time to time to dispatch delegates into different parts of the world, accord- ing as the need arises, who, supplying his place. may correct errors, make the rough ways plain and administer to the people confided to their care increased means of ealvation. But how unjust and baseless would be the suspicion, should any exist, that the powers conferred on the delegate are an obstacle to the authority%of the Bishops. Sacred to us (more than to any other) are the rights of those ‘whom the Holy Ghost has placed as Bishops to rule the church of God.’ That these rights should remain intact in every nation, in every part of the globe we both desire and ought to desire, since the dignity of the individual Bishops is by nature so in- terwoven with the dignity of the Roman Pontiff that any measure which benefits the one necessarily protects the other. “Every effort should be made to in- crease the number of intelligent and well disposed writers who take religion for their guide and virtue for their. constant companfon. The Pishiops, placed in the lofty positions of authority, are to be obeyed, and suitable honors, befitting the magnitude and sanctity of their office, should be pald them. Now, this reverence, ‘which it is lawful to no one tp neglect, should of necessity be eminently canspic- uous and exemplery in Catholic. fournal- ists, for thelr journals, which are circu- lated far and wide, come daily Into the hands of everybody and exert no small in- fluence upon the opinions and morals of the muititude.’ " In February, 1889, the Pope startled the entire Catholic world in his open letter to Cardinal Gibbons, wherein the Holy Father expressed disapproval of what the French and Italian clergy had termed “Americanism’ among the faithful in the United States. A translation of “The Life of Father Hecker,” founder of the Paul- ist order in New York, had given occa- sion to the charge that a portion of the American higrarchy leaned too much to- ward a Mberal policy in church discipline and to innovations in religious rule that seemed to threaten the Integrity of Cath- olic doctrine. The friends of the Paulists Ineisted that the French translation had one serfous injustice to the views really held by Father Hecker and his blog- rapher, as well as by those members of ‘cetved on this occasion many handsome ‘and brililants, costing 20,000 francs, and TELLECT | | | the Catholic hierarchy who had approved of them. They claimed that there was | nothing 1n the Pope’s letter which really condemned their teachings, but only the French misunderstanding of those teach- ings. Nevertheless, it was fejt that the Pope had declared himself on the side of conservatism as against the more pro- gressive element in Catholic America, and there were corresponding rejoicings among the exponents of a more reaction- ary policy. Intolerance Not a Part Of His Creed Continued From Page 4, Column 7. spects, he was at the same time a true chfld of the century, and hence he could not be blind to the march of events. He saw the meaning of modern progress and he recogmized the potency of modern ideas. A man of narrow mind might have come forth as a champion against them, but not such a man was Leo. Intolerance formed no part s creed; class preju- dices found no favor in his eyes. In his masteriy encyclicals he spoke authorita- tively and most wisely, not always on purely ecclesiastical” subjects but very often also on subjects which are ot world-wide secular interest. Thus he was more than an ecclesiastic; he was also a great statesman. ,Of his personal charac- ter all who were ever privileged to know him have spoken in the highest terms. That he was very charitable and kindly is known to all. In a word, he bore him- self nobly in his high office, and. now that he-has gone to his reward, all who have watched his sterling and loyal work ‘will admit that he was a true and eml- nently sagacious shepherd of the people, The Pope’s jubllee was celebrated in splendid style n December, 1887, in com- memoration of the fiftieth anniversary of his entrance into the priesthood. He re- gifts. The Sultan sent an antique pastoral ring set with precious stones and valued at $50,00. The Queen Regent of Spain sent a ring, one sapphire of which was valued at $15,%0. The Emperor of Ger- ‘many sent a miter worked in gold and in- ctusted with rubies, emeralds, sapphires the Empress accompanied this with a set of mass vestments valued at 30,000 francs. The Empress of Austria sent a gold tiara valued at 150,00 florins. The Emperor of Austria joined with the ladies of Vienna in sending a pectoral cross costing 100,000 florins. China sent a high personage with rich’ presents, including a large contriby- tion from the Empress Regent. The clergy and laity of the archdiocese of Paris subscribed 130,000 francs for a tiara, 1t is made on a foundation of silver cloth, embroidered In fine pearls. The triple erown s of gold studded with 600 dia- monds, rubles, emeralds and sapphires. A large dlamond caps the cross on top. The Syrian Catholics gent a cross and chain costing 000 rupees. Princess Clotiide Bonaparte, sister of King Humbert, made a magnificent cope of white satin, em- broldered with flowers. The ladies of Se- ville, Spain, sent a clasp of gold set with 580 precious stones, mostly diamonds ang | other rulers. LATE PONTIFF ON THE THRONE OF PETER +* POPE LEO'S WILL /A NOTABLE PAPER Much Property Is Bequeathed to His Nephews and Nieces. Three Cardinals Are Named as Executors of the Estate. HE late Pope made his will | about six years ago. This will is not only a personal. but al a political testament, the e: tors named being Card Oregilia, Rampolla and Mocasini. In he bequeathed property to his three nephews and two nieced, but it is Dbelieved that in order to avold the charge of nepottsm he arranged in another way that they should receive larger sums than.those mentioned in the will. This document also contains directions for his funeral and tomb, and | points out which of the jubilee presents recelved by him shall remain the property of the See of Rome and which are to be otherwise distributed as part of his pri- vate property. His Holiness revised his will later, ow- ing to'the deaths of certain members of | his entourage, principally those of Car- | dinals Galimberti and Monaco La Valle! ta. The Pope enjoyed a yearly income of about 7,500,000 lire, of which he kept for his own expenses only 1,000,000. Of the bal- ence, 700,000 lire was at the disposal of the Cardinals, being given to those who live in Rome, each Cardinal drawing a yearly Income of 25,000 lire; 460,000 lire was distributed among the poor dloceses; 1,800,000 lire went to the prefecture of the apostolic palace; 1,000,000 lir2 wen® to the | office of the secretary of state, for foreign | business; 1,500,000 lire was spent on sala- ries to the Vatican personnel, and 1,040,000 lire went to schcols and charity. The mil- | lion which the Fope reserved for himself | was used not only for his personal ex- penses, but also for his private charities and for purchasing art treasures and the presents that he made to sovereigns and | In September, 1396, it was mooted that a scheme was in the air for all the Roman Catholics of the world to combine and raise £200,000,000 to be placed in the hands of the Pope. With this it was proposed to purchase the city of Rome and a sfrip of land leading to the seaport from tke Ital- jan Government, so as to secure the inde- pendence of the pontiffs. The scheme seemed to many utterly quixotic, yet there seems every reason to belleve that those who proposed it were earnest and would gladly have seen it carried out. ] B a2 B e e e o ] Italian Prelate Will Be Chosen To Succeed Leo Continued From Page 5, Column 7. is amowg the best formed in the as- sembled Cardinalate. Vincenzo, his brother, is alfo a Cardinal, and this is for | Serafino a cause of weakneéss, because it | is understood that should he be elected | Cardinal Vincenzo would be his secre- tary of state, thus occupying a high posi- tion to which many others aspire. His | family is very numerous, and, as he has | not forgotten them since he has been a | Cardinal, it is feared that he would think of them too much if he becéfme Pope. Cardinal Gotti. It is hard to tell how the candidature of Cardinal Gottl sprang Into existence. He is a monk of the barefooted Carmelite order, and 1s as Ligurian as Pope Julius II. But he knows how to put on a humble | attitude, holding himself apart from the miseries of this world like Sextus V, Be- fore he threw away his crutches. He dis- played diplomatic qualities of the highest order in the mission to Brazll confided to | him by Leo XIIL In that country, in addition to the con- filct going on between the civil and relig- fous authorities, the church was in con- siderable danger on account of the lack of discipline and of the dissolute morals which prevailed among the clergy and the eplscopate. To the great astonishment of every one, the Pope selected the superior of the barefooted Carmelites, who hap- pened to be Father Gottl, to put an end to disorder, and re-establish harmony be- tween the religious and civil powers. Father Gottl i two or three years tri- umphed over all difculties, and his sue- cess was so complete that on his return the Holy Father decreed him a Cardinal's hat, He has already a all court formed of those who believe hisVsuccess probable, who honor him as though he ‘were already elected. But he does not take much no- tice of these flatterers. Greatness appears t have no temptations for him, for though clothed in purple he occuples a very modest room, at the Forum of Tra- jan, and sleeps on a monk’s bed. He is only 64 years of age. His political tenden- cies are unknown and should he be called | on to succeed the present Pontiff she may be either a conciliatory Pope or a fighting Pope, according to his personal inclina- tion and to the character of the majority which placed him in St. Peter’s chair. 1t is sald that Leo XIII has often jestingly spoken of him @il e g emeralds. Gounod wrote a composition for the festivities entitled “Leone XII1." America sent her share. Ireland dedi- cated the Itish National Church in Rome. At the jubilee muss which was celebrated cn December 31, the Pépe wore a soutane of white Irish poplin which had been spe- clally woven for that purpose. Thig Jubi- lee mass, whica the Holy Father himselr celebrated, cost $200,000 and wag on a scale hitherto undreamed of. From all parts of the world presents were sent to the re- red head of the Roman Cathollc church, | | | sulted from the time of St. Feter to " changes will be seen.” ! ticed, is a Delphic utterance, which doea tends-to show that there Is some consist- | ency in his candidature. Cardinal Svampa. Why should Cardinal Svampa, Arch- | bishop of Bologna, figure in the list of “Papablle” in preference to so many other members of the Sacred College whose merits are equal and even superior to his? No one can say, unless this favor is dus to the strange circumstance that he i3 one of the three Cardinals Tow in charge whose arms correspond to the prophecy of Malachy. You are aware that the Abbe Malachy, who died in the oder of sanetity, left a series of prophecies relating to the different Popes who might be elected after his death. Chance has so willed it that hitherto his predictions have been justi- fled by events. It is true that they were couched In mottoes the terms of which were sufficiently vague, and that a variety of interpretations could be placed on them. The motto of the Pope who was to succeed Plus IX was “lumen de coelo.” It happened that Leo XIII had in his es- cutcheon, beside a cypress, a star on & fleld azure. According to the prophet Malachy the motto of the next Pope is “Igitis Ardens.” The Sacred College at present contales three Cardinals whose arms could justify this prediction—Cardinal Oreglia, whos> shield bears an altar on which burns the sacred fire; Cardinal Gottl, whose arms bear a torch, and Cardinal Svampa, whosa escutcheon is ornamented with a dog holding a torch in its mouth. Moreover, Cardinal Svampa might be in- dicated twice over in the prophecies of Malachy, because his name in Italian is almost synonymous with flame. If the annals of the Vatican are con- the present day it will be seen that the reigns of Plus IX and Leo XIIT have been very long in comparison with these of greater number of their colleagues. If Cardinal Svampa should be elected at the next conclave and if he should live as long as Leo XIII his pontificate would last thirty-eight years. This would mean that no Cardinal now living could evef as to the purple. This is asking too much from human nature. Cardinal Svampa Is also credited with leanings in the direction of a reconciiia- tion with the Quirinal, a fact which ex- plains the zeal with which a number of Italian journals try to force his cand:- dacy to the front. They quote words which he is said have addressed to those who make a fon to the possi- bility of his election: “I feel that I should be unworthy of it; but if God should im- pose this burden on me a great many This, it will be no- not in any way tis ais hands, but which has sufficed for Cardinal Svampa to ba regarded as a “Pope of concillation.™ Cardinal Rampolla. Cardinal Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro is one of the most curious figures in the plelades of “Papabile.” The nobility of his character renders him disdainful of the little tricks by which some of his rivals flatter themselves that they dis- simulate their ambition. He avows it with the frankness of a “grand seigneur” who is of opinfon that it is not a position be- yond his merits. He would add, without false modesty, the device of Fouquet to that of his family. Thus everybody knows thdt he is working with assiduity in view of the next conclave and that he neglects nothing that ecan further hi3 views. For ten years past he has “een like a spider in the center 5f his web, working continually and spinning one after an- other the threads of an Intrigue, which will only have its “denouement” after tho death of Leo XIII and of which, “en tendant,” he weaves the meshes with in- finite act. He is one of those men who must sither be loved or hated. His proud and haughty character will not zllow him to tack around reefs, to shun obstacles, to seek the friendship of those he despises or the sympathies of those who are not of his way of thinking. Instead of concillating and flattering his enemies, he breaks them, and when these adversaries are of the.stature of Ledowchoski and of Oreg- lia, he stiffens himself and displays befors them the full grandeur of his hatred, knowing that battles between Titans mus: end in the annihilation of the defeated side: There are at the present moment at the Vatican and its surroundings g large number of personages who tremble with fear at the idea of Rampolla becom- ing Pope. Many other of the Cardinals are men- tioned, among them Cardinal Jacobini, the nuncio at Lisbon, a subtle diplomatist: Cardinal Alfonso Capecelatro, Archbishop Capua, an accomplished man of letters: Cardinal Mario Mocenni, manager of the “Obelus.” a kind of Sully clothed in pur- ple; Cardinal Sarto, patriarch of Venice, a prelate of the good old type, a free Hver without prejudices, but capabte of writing hard truths to the Pope himself, ag he has already done many times, and Cardi- | nal Ferrari, Archbishop of Milan, who has not enough enemies to be regarded as dan- gerous. 'ihe Pope of to-morrow will in all probability be found among those just cited. It 1s stated that the Presbyterian Boara of Foreign Missions is hampered in fts plans for the coming year more by lack of men than of money. It has appointed forty-seven missionaries and has as yet work and means for. thirty-four mora. Albania has a populatidn of a million and a half, who are nearly all Mohamume- dans. -