The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, March 10, 1901, Page 6

THE SUNDAY CALL. Aady N DISEASE. | (Copyrighted.) ISEASE is an animal of prey which walks on four Heredity, ig- neglect and ut. Let these four legs be ampu-~ d -ar sease will cease tra g from place to place and from In fact, nearly all seases, barring those resulting from accident, related by their causes to one or several of the above four counts. Microbes themsclves depend upon them. legs, viz: norance, fo man. a Now pBsing to details, in order | to enable the reader to gain a clear comprehension of the causes of dis- ease, I have classified them into pre- | disposing, exciting, specific or or-| ganized and original or funda- mental. PREDISPOSING CAUSES— In this class are embodied the in- herited comstitution and mercous system, and all conditions of life and circumstances which tend to lower the vitality of the body. By enumeration twe find: I. Heredity, upon which the tendency or liability to certain dis- eases is founded. 2. Want of or unsuitable nour- ishment. Excessive heat, which, by presses the gemeral functions, especially digestion. Impure air, which devital- the blood. Bodily and mental work. Abnormal such e 6. tions psychic condi- as anxiety, grief, anger, mental depre ity of temper, keen hope, constant family cares, business worry, dis- bones are more brittle and therefore | more liable to break; the artrn'es\ | have lost their elasticity, and as a | consequence the circulation of the | {blood 1s less equally dixh'ihntcd‘ | throughout the body, the tissucs are | less nourished and their functional | activity gradually diminishes. 9. Failure of taking fluid in| sufficient quantity to wash out the | impurities of the body. | 10. Want of exercise. | 11. Indoor life and want of | sunshine or sunlight. Weak constitution or| anemia, in which case the organism | offers but little resistance to the in- | | vasion of disease. : EXCITING CAUSES—r. In-} | juries. This includes wounds, | burns, bruises, scalds and the de- | struction created by poisons and | acyds. Injured tissues offer no re- :si.rian(c to disease germs, and be-| | come rapidly their feeding ground, | unless protected by an antiseptic| dressing, such as carbolic acid,| | vaseline, efc. | | 2. Prostrating heat or cun-| ‘xtmkt, which has a destructive | | action on the blood and brain. | 3. Sewvere chilling of the tody, | which destroys the equilibrium 0f‘ I2. | the circulation of the blood, with | depressing the mervous system de-|consequent internal congestion or e | inflammatory catarrhs. | 4. Owvereating or improper | | feeding. } 5. Constipation, that is, failure | of excreting poisonous materials. 6. Uncleanliness. 7. Overindulgence in intoxi- | of the internal organs. | ORIGINAL OR FUNDA- flCQUlI’emel;I[ he NERAL CAUSE OF gans becomes impaired, and dropsy | and disease of the lungs ensue. In | kidney disease, the waters and im- icholy, frequent fits of | cants, tobacco, coffee or tea. Intoxi- | purities of the body, not being whol- ssion, irritabil- | cants create a gradual destruction |ly climinated, accumulate in the tis- | sues, dropsy and other disturbances | resulting therefrom. Diseases of appointments, keen or anxious love,| MENTAL CAUSES—By origin-|the brain or spinal cord lead to dramatic impressions, undue sexual | al cause is meant a local discase | paralysis or impairment of fumc- 7 1l in short, a. €x an Want of sleep, which de- stroys the vitality very rapidly. 8. ol In old age the age. -— ilirr body. The following are in- | stances of this case: In heart dis- | ease, the circulation of the blood be- | ing deficient, the function of all or- s one of the was at es Agricultural Depart- d St American liquors for the Paris on. one stops to consider how simply » be accomplished, per cent it adds & e of what would other- a very cheap wine, it is not at all g that the trade is resorted to evotees flourish ck spider wh rafters and delig! ing possession of the windows in aban- s is the chief medium in the h haunt: ng spiders are not picked up by chance, but are saved- from day to day and week to week and fed with care system. The cobweb makers have ¥ killed files, the spiders will thrive equally well on a gelatinous mix- of meat jelly, thickened with a little e first step in the operation of aging wine is Lo secure an ap- 1 a tiny handpress purpose, and the has a collection of a dozen different labels, rted in cheap ink, that well, anyhow, but the ust to this alone, for a t may have to come to t hours after it has cries. Conse- artisis basket of the table “bowl small . dried on a line over the The mellow suggest is_surp: ders the y deceptive are pasted and the bottle is ready for the finishing touches. This con- sists in di em in & bucket of water end allow m to drain without wip- ing. Before t are quite dry they are dusted v tly with a mixture of wood nd very fine sawdust. The result is that the damp bottle catches and hoids a light would acquire only by yea , such as it t cellar life. v _surface of t inducement t artistic ruggestion of cobwebbed “%he fifteen-year-old whisky referred to | was a discovery of Professor Wiley of the Agricultural Department, as has been eald, when he was collecting the liquors for ihe American exhibit at Paris. It developed during that work distillery, but was what is known to the trade as synthetic whisky: that is to say, whisky made up of high-proof spirits, with a sufficlent quantity of water, color- ing and flavoring matter to give it the @ppearance of having been naturally ed. “&fRe aleohol s furnished by high-proof spirits, generally known as high wines. »vered by the | n it went to assemble the ex- | ts in tak- | ever forgeries of the older | 1 dipped in a | acco water and | licity of the | e final act is performed by the spi- | he bottles are placed in a narrow | that | 2bout nine-tenths of the whisky sold over | the bars of the country had never seen a | -+ prune juice or some similar a ile a very small addition of gly- cerl caramel, ives the “head” that is one of the first signs that an amateur expert looks for ae he tips his glass up at an angle and watches the suspicion of ofliness where the liquor clings to the side. In meking the American exhibit for Paris the Agricultural Department was most careful about this feature of the dis- | play, and while there was a large number nthetic whiskies in the exhibit, their rs were compelled to classify them ch, 50 that there was no misunder- ing as to their status in the exhibit, i no unfair advantage was taken of prolonged | which gives rise to discase elses | tion of the limbs or internal organs. n repeated mental disturb- | where, and may even affect the en- { Cancer or-scrofula in one part may give rise to cancer or scrofulsz in | other parts. In short, as all func- tions of the body are interdepend- ent, inflammation in any one organ will affect the entire organism in two different ways; first, by the poison which forms at the seat of | the disease; second, by the lost func- tion of the organ. SPECIFIC OR ORGANIZED CAUSES—These, when belonging to wegetable life, are known as dis- ease germs, bacteria, microbes or micro-organisms, while those per- taining to animal life, such as worms and lice, go under the name exhibitors of genuinely distilled uors. A CHAT hat, lacking a sufficient sup- | | Copyright, 1901, by Walter B. Guild. A BEAUTY specialist was hold- ing forth one day upon the 1 various methods of obtaining Ir.nd holding beauty, and, incident- | ally, commented upon the compla cency with which women accepted scrawny, ugly necks, when it was not necessary. No other part of the body responds so readily to treatment, she averred, as she proceeded to describs the simple methods of beautifying the neck. | If there are hollows in the neck and throat, they can be filled out by breathing exercises, head wagging and fattening oils. The best exer- cise is this: Rise upon the tips of the toes at the moment of taking a deen breath, and hold it while you count fifteen. Then exhale with opea mouth, and come down upon the heels. If this makes you dizzy, be- gin by counting five, then increass as you grow stronger. Repeat this exercise ten times, night and morn- ing, when the clothing is loose, and in two weeks you will sée an im- provement. Massage does much for the beauty | of the neck. The muscles should be rotated firmly in a slanting direction from a point under the chin toward | the shoulders, and from the middle iot the throat backward and upward | toward the ears. Always use an emollient to prevent unnatural fric- tion of the skin and select the best of parasites. (S o (@] o @ Microbes are so .minute in size that they are visible only under the microscope when magnified from 600 to 1000 times. These germs are the direct and material cause of all contagious and epidemic dis- eases, but most of them cannot prey on sound tissue, a point which | should be remembered. But in the | presence of one or several of the predisposing or exciting causes al- | ready mentioned, such germs find | the tissues a suitable soil for de-| velopment. In fact, they develop wherever the blood and glandular | secretions are mot in a condition to | destroy them. The blood, glandu- lar secretions and digestive juices in the healthy have a destructive power on germs; the absence of this power leaves the individual sus- ceptible to being preyed upon. Again, after an injury or ca- tarrhal inflammation has been pro- duced on the skin or internally, either by mechanical, chemical, thermal, electrical or poisonous agencies, the tissues thus affected | lack wvitality and become suitable | grounds for the development of | germs. The reasons for this lie in the fact that the skin and the lining membranes of our internal cavities | are natural protective shields | °]i')e(m i THE SCIENCE OF HEALTH. |widely in origin. against disease; when these pros re srervdlio b>» tective envelopes or linings are broken or diseased they themseclves are quickly attacked by microbes and the tissues ‘bemeath are no longer protected. Furthermore, the presence of these germs interferes with the normal process of healing, unless antiseptics are used to de- stroy them. On the other hand, it cannot be denicd thai certain species of germs have the power of attacking healthy tissues. Among these we find not- ably the germs of diphtheria, ty- phoid fever, whooping cough, measles, smallpox, chickenpox and syphilis. There is no room for doubt, however, that even these dis- cases will be milder in character, shorter in duration and less fatal i the robust than in the weak. Microbes, in their development, produce a certain poison usually termed toxin, which, by being ab- sorbed into the blood, gives rise to fever, headache and backache as soon as it reaches the brain and spinal cord. Hence, fever in dis- ease is an indication that germs are at work. This invasion of bacteria or microbes is what is termed “infec- tion” or “blood poisoming.” In the popular mind the term “blood pois- oning” has a significance limited to | infection of a wound with virulent | | germs, but, in fact, all diseases at- tended with fever may be properly |termed “blood poisoning,” for poison is present in the blood when- ever there is fever. REMARKS—In what precedes we have seen that the causes of dis- ease are manifold and multiform, and that different diseases wary In addition I should state and emphasize the fact that oftentimes the disease arises from combined causes; the cases are indeed numberless in which one causative factor could not have enough pernicious influence to seri- ously affect health, but other bane- ful influences supervening, the CIRANVAIA fi?}@flfl@m BT} 5 breakdown occurs through their combined effects. The incatenation of ailments and causes should also be borne in mind. For instance, a sick head- ache arises from a defective diges- tion, defective digestion is often caused by torpidity of the liver and constipation, while the most com- mon causes of a torpid liver and in- activity of the bowels are want of, exercise or a depressed nervous sys- tem, which depression is in turn most commonly due to summer heat or mental disturbances, such as grief, worry, anger, brain fatigue, ete. That disease germs attack and prey on the human organism with a facility and rapidity proportionate to the susceptibility of the individ- ual is a fact generally recognized. Poor health, nervous debility and anemic blood are conditions which constitute this susceptibility, and are, therefore, like gates open to in- vasion. It is indisputably settled to-day that a good health is the an- tagonist of the elements productive of disease. This antagonistic force is made up of the potential energy | of the nervous system, and of the vitality of the blood and glandular | secretions. These are our matural defenses against disease; when normal, they are capable of destroy- ing most of the germs which find their way into the human organism. W hen the blood is sufficient in quan-~ tity, good in quality, and is made to circulate actively by exercise, and the nervous system is not shattered by overuse or strain, the individual {may be said to be comparatively | safe from most of the diseases set up by germs or microbes. If at- | tacked, he will almost every time pull through quickly, or at any rate have the best of the disease. The same healthy condition of the body has another eventful advant- age: it enables ulcers, wounds and injuries of all kinds to heal much more rapidly. _ HINESE as a possible universal business language for the commer- ctal world is startling at a first glance, but there are persons who reason that it ought to be so. They are saying that the lack of the Chinese lan- guage In business world over is making untold worry and trouble for nations that are encouraging international trade. This is an idea that has been evolved | by the presence of allled troops in China. | These troops are discovering that, while the gibberish of the yellow man is rather more intricate than the speech of Gar- ner's monkeys—because there is so much more of it—the written language is sin- ON THE CARE OF THE NECK. BY MRS. MARTHA TAFT WENTWORTH. | A silver fork is the best implement face cream you can discover, as it favors a soft and velvety condition of the skin with a decided tendency to fineness. After the neck begins to lose its contour, shun stiff collars as you would the plague, and use soft wrappings, which are much more be- coming to the face. As an example, note the faces of the Sisters of Char- ity whom you meet from time to time and see what the soft white throat bands do for their faces. Stocks of unstarched pique make an excellent foundation for throat swathings. They can be used undar ribbon or velvet stocks, and, if not too tight, will do little injury to ths beauty of the skin. As to emollients, any pure cream that is designed for the face skin can be used to advan- tage upon the neck. But, unless one can be sure of the purity of the mix- ture, it is better to use the home- made article. The manner of manipu- lation is simple. The fats and oils are blended by heat applied to a double boiler or to a vessel of water in which the receptacle for the oils is placed. Heat should not be directly applied to this receptacle, because tha blending process is delicate and must be done by means of gentle heat. Per- fumed water and other liquid ingredi- ents are to be added by degrees after the oils are removed from the fire, and the stirring must be continual, for the beating, which must be kept up until the nilxture is nearly cool. A few drops of benzoin tincture or a tiny pinch of borax will prevent the cream from becoming rancid, no matter how long it is kept, provided it 1s put up in small jars, which can be tightly closed. Both benzoin and borax help in the whitening process by which the neck is to become beau- tified. The flabby throat has always been regarded as an unmistakable sign of age. It only came with the piling up of years before the advent of the stiff, high collar, which threatens destruc- tion to neck beauty before the wearer has more than reached maturity. It is amazing to see the faith women place in ten or fifteen minutes of massage, balanced against as many hours of flesh torture in starched lmen bonds. The is not wrong, for it retards destroying process a little, but the only sure safeguard is the abandonment of all but soft, loose throatwear. A dark neck, or one disfigured by a line which marks the top of the high collar, has often ylelded to a persistent treatment of cocoa butter or olive oil, rubbed thoroughly into the skin, which is afterward bathed in a lotion made of two ounces each of alcohol and water and fifteen drops of tinctire of benzoin. Twice a week oatmeal or Indian meal mixed with lemon juice and suds of castile soap should “be applied to assist in the whitening process. Small, red scars left by skin erup- tions often mar the appearance of a woman’s neck, but they will fre- quently yield to a solution of boracic acld persistently used and followed by a liberal coat of good face cream. To a half-teaspoonful of the acid al- low two cupfuls of boiling water and apply with a sponge. A fattening lotion is made of one-fourth ounce of tincture of benzoin, eight ounces of rose water and four ounces of refined linseed oil, applied each night with a sponge and allowed to dry in. I have also known a scrawny neck to yleld to the influence of a good nightly bath of castile soap and warm water, fol- lowed by massage in olive oil and a thorough wetting in equal parts of alcohol and water. It is well to remember that one prescription will not benefit every- body. If one fails in effect after rea- sonable time has been given for re- sults, try another, and another, until one is found which will do all re- quired of it. That is the one to cling to for life. Face creams are as numer- ous, almost, as purchasers, but they are not all beneficial, or even harm- less, for some of them produce a healthy growth of hair. Many women have pet formulas, which they con- sider a grain better for their skins than any they might buy at the shops. For instance, I know a family in which a simple formula has been passed down from mother to daugh- ter for generations, and it contains only white wax, spermaceti, almond oil and rose water. Every woman of that family has been noted for her beautiful complexion, so the virtues of the cream are unmistakable. There are no unsightly necks among those women, for every particle of exposed ckin is nightly treated with the pure end cleansing emollient. The propor- tions are one ounce each of wax and spermaceti and four ounces each of cil and rose water. For myself, I like a pinch of borax in fhis mixture and a few drops of oil of rose put into the perfumed water for a stronger scent. Rose is an old-fashioned perfume, but its sweetness has never been sur- passed by modern chemistry. It re- minds one of everything that is dainty and sweet in femininity, and would be worth adoption by the girl who is searching for novelties. Rosa scent and coarseness, however, could never go together—they would fall cut at the first crossing. So the girl who would dream of making such a choice would naturally be of a refined type, and to her I make the sugges- tion of the choice. correspondence the | AT the World May Write Qhinese. gularly intelligible to any one who has the key. It is akin to the principle that a smile In German means to a Kamschatkan or & Terra del Fuegan all that ¢ posstbly | could mean In Germany or at the an- tipodes. | It 1s discovered by the newspaper cor- respondents in China that, while China has eighteen provinces, with as many different dialects, a Peking scholar may | write a letter to a farmer in the Yunnan province and be understood perfactly. This, t0o, in the face of the old idea that e Chinese the S hinese alphabet may have more than Now it is discovered as a matter that Chinese, being a symbolic I“onmm has no alphabet; as long as no attempt to pronounce it is made, the written lan- guage is by no means diffieult to learn. The phonetic or spoken language, how- ever, i3 so variable, and so cut up into dialectic phrases, that few people, even among the most learned mandarins, ever acquire a mastery over them. A Peking scholar has about as much, or as little, chance of understanding a farmer In the Yunnan province as a London dandy has of understanding a Welsh miner; but, when it comes to writing, the startling fact develops that while the miner and the dandy would not be able to make themselves mutually understood in seript the Chinesé farmer and the scholar com- prehend each other fully, § This is the situation that has led stu- dents of etimology to consider the adop- tion of the Chinese as a business and pro- fessional langauge. Everywhere these men went in China they were astounded by the fact that the people of the various provinces, al though incapable of understanding another verbally, were able to c cate with ease and accuracy in wri As this condition is exaetly oppc that governing in Europe, where no formly intelligible code exists, these began to examine into the mertts Chinese tongue. They seem that it is the most practical | the world, and better suited f« adoption than any other. They anxious to have it repiace e languages, but they recommend interrational vehicle of budi spondence. They suggest that in another g typewriters will be in use w transcribe commercial and prc thoughts to paper, using the signs of the modern laundry c It is suggested in favor of t of - communication ° te to Ject to change; that it is wr almost exactly as it was 20 fore the coming of Christ. the Chinese wit £ until the ordinary reader finds it i to glck his way to the meaning of phrases and combinations that were perfectly in- telligible two centuries ago. Research shows that while modern languages, that are all phonetic, undergo perceptible changes every century, Chinese, which i3 :he o‘nly‘llrulyhsym?olllc language surviv- ng, is also the only language incapable of being changed by time, “