The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, May 7, 1899, Page 19

THE SAN 'HELP! WE HAVE |8 | BFEN /TRUCK. e ARE SINKING' BE QUICK! i § { E ! i i | | | l [ the ordinary light waves. induction co re produced to be the means ew apparatus was soon FRANCISCO CALL, SUNDAY, MAY 7 1899. 19 fi‘acfica“y\ { n the Operating Room for Receiving and Sending Dispatches by Wireless Telegraphy. ng of messages by the Marconi system does not requirethe use of the electric current in the - ordinary telegraph or telephone does. The signals are flashed from one station to the other n waves, as they are called. These waves, namd after Professor Hertz of Carlsruhe, discoverer, are magnetic waves having the same velocity as light, say 185,000 miles a Hertz thinks they are identical with light except that So much for the transmitting medium. , ismade to jump back and forth between two electrodes or poles these They radiate from the producing pointin all directions, and with a properly at a distant point we may intercept enough of them to make them serve as a signal, to e, just as our own ear catches the radiation of sound waves when a voice calls from a g and stopping the Hertzian waves, and thus causing corresponding starts and stops on, Marconi is able to transmit messages by the Morse telegraph code. the wave-lengths themselves Whenever an electric must be lost ually settled eiirut time Their lease of life on lightship was getting shorter every 1 in the “That thing? Good enough for experi- ment, but will it avail in the hour of need?” “We can try it. We have spoken with it and heard it speak before. Why not now?"” Anxious faces group around the table on which stand the receiver and trans mitter of the wonderful new system of telegraphing without wires, in which lay the only hope of safety for the crew. A hand touches the commutator of the big Ruhmkorff cofl. The primary current 1s turned on and at once the long te inch spark, leaping between the poles the secondary wire, shows it to be in or- der and ready for the work. Then the spark oscillator is connected and adjusted and the signaling begins. As rapidly and steadily the anxious mind can dictate and the trembling hand touch the manipulator the intense charge generated in the instrument is sent into hat far they can know it goes. Does it go farther? It does go farther; it does all that it is between points over QU OCTOTOD wpeclal to The Sunday Call IVILIZATION was many notches by Herald Wes new milestone ture of the firs shoved ahead he New York ,and a 1ited when a pi gun fired at Man was telegraphed from New York to Chicagoe, 8t. Louis, Philadelphia and Bos ton simultaneously over a single wire by the Herald And then, after this miracle, other pic- tures were flashed back by telegraph from those cities over the singie circuit to New York. It was no experiment, commencement of th the practical I's new b ness enterprise of telegraphing pictures drawings, & aphs and ¢ igns of all kinds by wire as if but ordinary tele- graphic messages The machines had heen tested and found to be In perfect arder when & o’cloclk, the hour set for the long distance picture tele- graphing feat ived The corr of the newspapers to receive the far-away Herald's light ning art service on hand the practical working of the new system The machines are a little larger than one of Edison’s phonographs mounted on a cabinet stand F. Crane, the roduced the tures to he hey were plainly sketched on sheets of tinfoil six by eight were to ol artist, sent. The newspapers distance o onnected with the long St. Louis Republie, Philadelphia In- The prelimipary r. Boston < Herald ustments of the machines had been lick! click!” rattled a telegraph “sounder’’ beside the machines. Superin- tendent Flynn, in communication with the main telegraph office of the big downtown Postal building, said they had made up the circuit. That is, they had got all the offices of the five big cities connected on one wire running directly into the news- Ppaper offices, east and west click ““Click, Chicago” ' went St. Louis. Then click!” was followed by Philadelphia and Boston. The duplex wires had been “balanced”—the machines harmonized, “synchronized,” and Mr. Crane, the telegraphic art superintendent, SUYBSVO00000000000 expected to do. From the wire another medfum, invistble and immaterial to the human sense as It may be, takes the mes- sage signals. With each electric wave from the in- strument below charging the wire there is set up in the air about it a series of undulations akin to those by which sound and light are propagated through space, and these, moving away in concentric waves in every direction from the wire, carry the signa to the point desired. There a cunningly devised and skillfully constructed, delicate instrument will re- spond'to their impulse and make known thelr presence to listening ears. IFirst the manipulator sends out by the gnals, South Foreland's SOUTH FORE- No answer. Repeated cach time with increas fety. Awful suspense. terminable. gain and again, g fearful anx- Seconds seem in- 1000 miles apart Il ready,” answered Louis and thousand miles away, as Phila- d Boston tick-tacked back the Chicago, delphi same message. Correspondents and editors hovered around the machine. A bombardment or an electrocution could ve excited no ore interest art in five seconds,” click-clacked S tendent FI1 the telegraph key, with his racing watch in hand. “One, two, three, four, five—Go!” The ‘switch” was “closed,” the starting but- ton pressed, and Dewey's tain way went the picture of Manila gun. over rivers, moun- 1 pr. antly, in the twin- pre girl's eye, into the busy, newspaper offices half across the God's lightning flashed back from Chi cago and St. Louis, from Boston and Ph adelphia that “the picture is coming; it is perfect In each of these distant offices an exact duplicate machine of the one in the Her- Then comes a response: “READY, GOODWIN. PROCEED."” “HELP. WE HAVE BEEN STRUCK; ARE SINKING.” South Foreland received the call for help all right and in a few minutes had dis- patched swift tugboats to the rescue of the sinking lightship sinking In the sea and fog ten miles away. And that's the way wireless telegraphy demonstrated its success and introduced itself to the workaday world last week. Why is this a more practical test and what does it prove more than the demon- strations conducted by Marconi himself? For several weeks past scientists have been Trying on regular communications between the stations on either side of the English Channel, some thirty-four miles apart, at all hours of the day and night, during sunshine, fog, rain, snow and hailstorms, with entire satisfaction, even when the wires of land lines refused to work. Marconi even won the approval of roy- ald office was receiving the sketch from the whispering wire. Next came a picture in return from each e offices. The St. Louis Republic sent a sketch of Senmator Major, the ri former, known as Missouri's Lexow. From the Chicago Times-Herald came a picture of McKinley and Kohlsaat, the editor, The Philadelphia Inquirer sent a sketch of three men arrested for counterfeiting. HOW THE‘MACHINE WORKS. T last the miracleis ac The Herald 1s succe zraphing pictures long distances by wire In storm and sunshine, over rivers and mountains, across big States and wide continents, your portrait or a copy of your $10,000 oil painting—your lost vangeline—may he in a lightning's fl4 It is a marvelou hot through space invention, but as sim- OOOOOVA00CO0000V0V00BEHOTOOVIVBBVBTL S :Z;Telegraphir\g With the Tgpev\)riter§ LEGRAPHY with the typewriter sending and a recciving instru- ment has hegun in Chicago, and the Morse alphabet, with its dots and dashes, will soon be abandoned. From two independent sources has the art of telegraphy been advanced, and in the near future there is promise of con- flict and litigation over patents. The two men who have perfected the great im- provement in telegraphy reside in Chi- cago. Sinultaneously with the announcement that John S. Thompson has perfected his cation of the typewriter to the elec- f a single wire came the information that for almost a month the invention of another Chicago man has heea in daily use in the workroom on the twelfth floor of its building in Chicago in the receipt and sending of messages. It id to have passed the s of ex- periment and established its utility under all the varving conditions to which a is The telegraphers’ typewriting machine, as It is used in the Western Unfon off sits on a desk partially boxed. Attached to the bars operating the types are a se of pinfons engaging with a train of circular clutches, which in erated by the current the teiegraph wire. turn are op- running through The striking of a key cn typewriter exerts a strength of current which at the other end of the wire, whether a yard or 1000 miles away, acts upon the particular clutch that pulls down the bar of the type corresponding to the key touched Just what device is used is kept a se- cret from prying eyes. In the Thompson invention the current is regulated by electro-magnets, whose armatures are wound with wire of different gauge in order to secure evenness in registering by actuating the current. To each type bar is attached the magnet which operates it through the spring armature. The differ- alty itself by setting up a station at Os- borne House, on the Isle of Wight, and having her Majesty converse by signals with the Prince of Wales on his yacht, equipped in like manner, at the time the was some miles away from the and. erything that he had hoped or claimed was satisfactorily realized. In- deed, while his experiments were going on a vessel passing out struck on the sand- bar near one of the Goodwin lightships, which called assistance from land by his system. Marconi, a “practician,” as he calls him- self, is but a pioneer in the application of the principles enunciated by Herts. Others are in train to follow. Already a Belgian experimenter claims to have suc- ceeded in telephoning without wires, and we must learn to use our ethereal ears as-well as our ethereal eyes The Goodwin lightship incident will give renewed impulse to inventors and experi- menters in the new field. DDODOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOGOQGGOOOOOGUDQDQQOOQQUOQOQDDQDQQ‘”DQDQDDOQCU:UIQ§ Pictures Successfully Sent by Telegraph at Last. The New York Herald has just perfected a system by which portraits have been reproduced by telegraph The cities chosen were Boston, Chicago, Philadelphia, New York and St. Louis. The tests were so severe that there is no possible doubt now but what the prob- lem of sending pictures by wire, the same as messages, is at last successfully solved. COVOVOCOOVRVOTVAVVVOVOVTOTUVUDOTND DDV BT O I OHa Y 06 0% 10 108 10 06 08 IO IOE I 0K ple as it is wonderful After telegraphing by 'hand had been in practice for several yvears it was dis- covered that the “dots” and “dashes” in- ed In the slip of paper in Chicago 1 be reproduced by running the strip of paper under the key It is on this principle that the phono- graph of to-day reproduces. its records; the little invisible dots on the white cy inder when run.under the bit of steel which originaily made them will repro- duce the song or speech at the other end of the wire. This i applied in telegraphing tures works equally well. A drawing is made on a sheet of tinfoll wrapped around a cylinder in the machine similar to the wax cylinder of a phonograph inle icago there is a twin machine reg- d to werk in perfect harmony with the New York machine. Tn Chicago, in- stead of tinfoil, a sheet of carbon or man- ifold copying paper is placed between two blank shects of paper he New York current is turned on and the little needis or platinum point bove the revolving cylinder in New York breaks the circuit when it te s the ink outlines of the picture. The needle in which reproduc sation made in New York, prints the same kind of a record on the cgrbon paper because the the Chicago every pu machine, steel point beats hard on cylinder, nd thus the picture in New York is faithfully copied by electricity in Chi- cago. The simplicity of the system is its wonder. Yet experts h ing a machine ve been yvears in perfect- 1at would be of practical commercial value. Mr. Ernest A. Hum- mell of St. Paul is inventor. He set up his first machine in the New York Herald office in January, 1898, when a pic- ture of Mayor Van Wyck was sent over a six-mile circuit without difficul Later, pictures were sent the Herald from Camden, N. J., and Key West, Fla. The success of the machine long ago ed beyond experiment Nothing is uncertain about the process. Whatever is drawn on the tinfoil here is absolutely reproduced at the other end of the wire, regardless of the distance. p: - 3 : saaen el t zauge of wire permits a quick-re- The extraordinary possibilities of this In the excitement of the mc Bty id the picture on the little cylinder, run slender telegraph wire is subject by heat en ; t i= given v:, the ",,,,,"r‘,.m":,lr," :.,‘ “. 2 for sending. and cold, wind and rain, bad and good Sponse to the touch of the type at the jpvention seem incredible, vet they have iy “wireless télegranh insulation. other end of the wire. been demonstrated beyond doubt. it Foreland that we're sink- P on ted in the desperate z 1 N at! Tell South Foreland! How tell a - em anything, with ten miles of water “By telegraph the wireless telegraph These Are Copies of Pictures That Were Telegraphed by the New Method Over 1000 Miles of Wire and Came Out Line for Line Just as They Were Sent }Wu W] = S. HERALD. (\\\@\\ LIV equipped s for the »ugh the between time of need came. Boulogne, o formed the s 1d been estab- co-workers a accident for their sts were still going mainland stations, the light In the fentists they were belng ed by members of the crew, who ccome more or less proficlent in mitting and recelving messages. The crew lfule thought that the curious ce of the ATTY, BATLS Machines in the Main Office for Receiving and Transmitting the Picture” P\t L ‘ 3