The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, October 3, 1897, Page 20

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SUNDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1897. “The day is not far distant when im-[ morality in certain human beings will be i RN E APOSED SHOW 1 NG, MoTor AREA The areas of all of the senses are as well | known as the strests of any of the cities | time, but after it is once done it is done | f i treated as are other afflictions of the race. | of the world. It is possible for a surgeon | for all time and would in the end bea NUCEATED P FRart HPINAL CORD ROTOPASMIC (EL MULTIPOIAR CEle oM CAIEX >F The JRAIN thirst for liquor after accidents that! evenly balanced or mentally sound, and affected their heads. And the opposite bas taken place. Good men have become bad after an accident that affecied their brains. These cases might seem very strange, but in the face of Dr. Macdonald’s theory it is not until bis powers of resistance, or more properly his inhibition, becomes weakened that be presents diceased mental phenomena. Both these group of forces are resident in the human brain. Side by side lie our they are very simple—certain centers of | desires with our powers of resistance. As a man’s nature changed. Itis a well-known fact that there are two impulses in every brain—an incitive and an inhibitive. A man with strong inhibitive powers can control himself, while a weaker man cannot. Sometimes | this is due to environment and sometimes | it is due to nature, “All men,” says Dr. Macdonald, ‘“‘are born equal as far as the vital spark of life is concerned. There is no more difference beiween two lives than there is between | two atoms of bydrogen. The difference is in the tools that the life has to work with. An idiot cannot be made into a wise man no matter how much training he is given in his early youth. He simply lacks cer- tain tools to work with. “Now, I am confident that we can change a man’s nature as easily as we can cut off his finrer after we once find out where these diff:rent moral areas of the brain are located. That is where all the work wiil come in, ana it will take a long Or, in simple words, we will cure evil | competent to conduct an ordinary opera- | benefit to mankind. If the State would passions by means of surgery.” The foregoing statement was made a few days ago by Dr. G. Chilas Macdonald who is at present practicing in this city Dr. Macdorald is a man of bigh standing in his protession, and whatever he says is worthy of consideration. He is a Fellow of the Roval College of Surgeons of Edin- burgh, and belongs to numerous other medical societies in the big cities of the world. and 1s constantly experimenting on such subjects as are likely to prove beneficial to the human race. Dr. Macdonald did not made his star- tling statement without mature delibera- tion. In fact he has been considering it for years, and of late has been conducting experiments to bear out his theory. He has experimenteda on dogs and other ani- mals, and all his work has been a verifica- | tion of his idea that bad morals are due 1o brain formation as much as to environ- ment. 1n order that the lay mind can compre- bend Dr. Macdonald’s theory some ex- vlanation is necessary, although to one | with even a slight knowledge of physi- ology it is very simple. There have been numerous authentic cases come up since surgeons have operated on the brain, all of which show clearly that Dr. Macdonald ison tne right track. It is true that he has not yet tried his idea on a human | being, but many cases which have hap- pened in the past show that more than one man’s whole nature has been changed by | an operation on the brain that did not have that end in view. Unintention- ally, certain parts of the brain that con- trolied certain passions were removed or destroyed. To the ordinary person the brain is| simply a confused-looking lump of gray- ish matter, but to the physiologist it is a most complicated arrungement of cells— many groups of cells, side by side, all the termination of certain sets of nerves. There is not & speck of matter of the most microscopic smaliness in the human brain | that is not for a certain purpose, and not | a single atom can be destroyed without changing the person’s nature. Many of the brain areas have already been located, and can be operated on with ease and certainty. All of the motor areas are known. For instance, it is known where that portion of the brain that con- trois the nerves to cause movement in the lefs arm is located. It is also possible to destroy this area and thereby cause varalysis of the arm. The other motor areas are equally well known. He is also a thorough student, | | tioa to deprive a man of the sense of | smeil. Itisequally easy to deprive him | of the sense of taste and the sense of sight. These cperations are known to have no perceptible effect on the per- | | son’s general bealth, After recovering from the effects of the operation they are apparently as well as they ever were in | | their lives. And the remarkable thing| | about such cases is that those operated on are unconscious of any change in their own condition except as regards the sense | or senses affected. A man deprived of the sense of hearing would be conscious of | that fact, but would not feel any change | in his nature, should such take place. It was trom a study of such cases that Dr. Macdonald concluded that it was pos- sible 1o change the moral nature of human | beings by means of surgery. | Some of these cases referred to are | marvelous and would not be believed were | they not authenticated by the records of | | the best medical institvtes in the world. | One of the most remarkable of tnesc is | thaof a man who for years wasa fore- | man in a stoneyard. He was looked upon } as a particalarly bright artisan, and could | | do work far better than any man about | | the placa. In fact, he was considered a man far above his calling. An accident happened one day whereby a hammer | | that was being used to break stone| cracked and a small piece of the metal flew through the air and struck bim on the forehead. It penetrated to the skull, | necessitating an operation. The piece of metal was removed, and the man in due course of time returned to his work, say- | ing that he was feeling as well as he ever ‘ did. But strange as it may seem he was | achanged man in more ways than oue. | His disposition was much quieter than | it had been be'ore the accident, and the | | old pleasures had no attractions for him. Ina few days after he bad returned to work he complained of not being able to | do certain things as he had done in the | past. It was then discovered tuat he haa | lost all of his old ability. In ashort time | he had to go to laborer's work, and was | never able to do any other kind. It \\':\s‘ | thus apparent that the piece of metal | that had penetrated his brain hed de- stroyed centers that had sffected the | man’s nature, although he was uncon- | scious of it. The list of such cases might pe in- definitely prolonged. A man who was of a very vicious turn of mind, after meeting with an acctdent to the side of his head became as mild as a lamb. Cases are on recora to show that men have lost all spend money to perfect such an idea it would b» a saving, for a thiet could be de- prived of his desire to steal ana turned | loose to be a respectable member of so- ciety instead- ol being supported all his life in a prison. “In my experimenis I have changed the disposition of dogs and cats simply by removing certain areas. I have made a bulldog as mild | as a poodle and taken all the desire for mice away from a cat. All that remaine to be done is 10 fina out where the differ- ent areas are located and all the rest will be smooth sailing. This may not be done | for many years, bat on the other hana it is likely to come about at any timns, Dczens of men are at work on the brain atthe present time and there is no telling what they will discover. You may be in- clined to laugh at the idea, but it is not any more improbable than the telephone | seemed 10 people fifty years ago. Ifaman | said in those days that he would soon be able to talk to a friend mileseway through & machine in the wall people woula have laughed at him. “The operation of changing a man's nature would be a simple one. With the ordinary trephine a hole wonld be ¢t in the head and with an electric needle the objectionable part of the brain destroyed. Tuis could be done without the man know- ing that anything of the kind bad hap- pened to him.” Following is a brief description of what be is working on that Dr. Macaonald has written for THE CALL. Natural conditions are maintained by opposites. There is no force in nature which has not its antagonist, well illus- trated by the magnet, which presents two poles, the attractive and repellent (com- monly termed negative and positive). Any force overcoming its contrary motion or some other manifestation of it results equal to the amount of energy loft over until equilibrium is again estab ished. If this were not so the universe could not exist for one second. We as a unitin it are subjected to the same laws. There is no force resident in our- selves, latent or active, which has not its restraining element within the body; our wishes, thougnts, passions have their counterbalance, or our mental cquilibrium could not be maintained and we should, | figuratively speakingly, “fall to pieces.”” Commonly we talk of our desires as our | impulses; the restraining force, our will vower. Thrice haopy is the man whose appotites are equalized by self-control, Such an individual is characterized s immutable | i | | brain and the action is restrained. end the food remains untouched. The first is an instance of seif, the second ar- | quired education. Both chlld and dog | nave commenced to learn the first ereat | { lesson of self-control. 8o long, therefore, f as these two forces are counterposed, we are normally well-balanced human beings; tut unfortunately, in the majority of TFrom (LN'ER'\L - ORIEX - | piece some new discovery or welding a pbysiological theory with an anatomical truth, The brains of lower animals, the apes by preference, were the first experi- mented on and the deductions, applied to the human species, have established that our brain is not, so to say, a nervous mass, but is made up of innumerable | the brain have been destroyed and the | word picture, take an infant wko obsery- | cases, probably due to bereditary condi- | microscopizal ones, each a living nerve, | ing for the first time a bright flame expe- | tion<, our passions are stronger than our | all a brain in itself, originating, influenc- riences a desire for possession. The hand is | powers of resistance, or we foster our de- | ing or controlling some thought, desire or put forth to grasp the bright object with inevitable result of a burn and consequent res and cease to exercise our power of | wiil. Itis a physiological fact that if any | action, while others are absorbing cells in which memory or experience is stored up pain. The child has learned something. | one portion of our body, is used in excess, | for future reference. We know now the bright lizht is still there, the eyes are at- tracted toward it, the arm is partially moved, but arawn back. A new force has sprung into life, for memory has aioused the restraining center in the Ob- serve one of the lower animals, for in- stance, a dog. It is hungry, and as a means of satisfying its appetite steals You tike the article away and administer a severe beating. sirong ss before, memory associates the Next time, a!though he | is again hungry, and the desize 10 steal as | N N _Sma- NUUEATER CEWS- definitely fixea toward the cenl}'nl lobe of the cerebellum or hinder brain.. Every thougbt bas its brain puint;AEvnry ac= tion 18 an evidence of such. existence. If one ot these points were removed. paraly- sis of some portion of the body or partof the mind must inevitably result. The tvlme is not far distant when each center of the human brain will be-pictured as carefully as any of our town maps, and ‘the groun of ce 1: influencing every action of mind or body however inisignificant will* be known and subjected to surgica! interrogas tion. By carefully planned measurements N N N/ ‘g‘*‘\” \t EXPERIMENTING ON THE BRAIN OF A DOG. Repeat the exveriment; the desire for the | the portion so us d increases in bulk or | ¢roup of cells, called a center or point, for | power. In a like manner, as we pander to our vices 0 in the seme ratio are our | capabiities of inhibiting them dimin. | ished. | Ia common parlance, we exvress our- | seives that the person has lost “‘seli- | controL” Now pass from philosophical | | reasoning to aratomical fact. For | years the anatomist, physiologist and | | pbysicist have made the human brain the grouna for original research. Hand | in hand they have trod those unkncwn‘ | lands, without light, guide or map, ! spoken language and memory for namesis residentin the front and lower portion of the left brain. Should this region be injured by disease ar willfully removed by the surgeon’s knife all power of articu- lar speech or memory for substance is ab- solutely and permanently lost. In the same manner the points for originating, the movements of the mouth, arm, thigh and leg are located in an area on the sur- face extending from the upper part of the ear upward and backward to the crown, while sight and hearing are seated be- previous experience with pain, the in. |scientific explorers of the origin of the | hind and lower down. hibitory brain center is brought Into play, human mind, putting together piece by[ Animal desires are somewhat as yet in- made from the outside we shall be able to determine the exact'spot wheie to enter the brair,and where an electric needle may be passed into the center of that particular group of cells sought for, the caustic ac« tion of the neeale destroying that. special cellular colony, and, the special desire or vice forever paralyzed, the libertine wiil be made moral, the drunkard abstemious, the thief honest, the murderer redeemed, while children yet in early youth may be so surgically treated as to destroy those vassions which if allowed to mature would be injurious to both themselves and the race. G. CHILDS MACDONALD, M.D., F.R.C.8, ANCESTRY AND CONTEMPORARIES OF PRINCE EST It is predicted that the coming marnage of Prince Esterhazy to Miss Langtry will be a feast for the bar, so many legal rea- sons may be assigned why the couple could not, ought not, may not, shall not become man and wife; butin view of the prize which the lady will draw if she be- comes the Princess it 1s no wonder sheis willing to run some risk 1n the hope of achieving such a destiny. Except for the trifling objection that the Prince is a middle-aged widower he 1s almost unrivaled as a parti. He is richer than an Astor, a gentleman of splendid lineage, a statesman and a soldier. His last wife was a Croye, a member of the ancient family which figures in Quentin Durward and whose function in nature appears to have been to iurnish wives to kings, vrinces grd leaders of men. All the women of tie house have been distin- guished for wit, beauty and high breeding. They come of old Burgundian stock—than which nothing nobler, says a biographer, was ever created by the Almighty. The Esterhazys themselves claim to be Jineai descendants of Attila, King of the Huns, which, considering the num- ber of that monarch’s matrimonial alli- ances, is possible enough. When history awoke, the Esterhazys of the time were magnates of Hungary. In the seven- teenth century they espoused the doc- i:ines of Luther; later on they recanted them, and became the patrons of the Jesuite, and chiet of the Cathol:c party in Hungary. One of them, Paul, who is known in history as Esterbazy de Galan- tha, a title vreserved by his descendants to this day, demeaned himself so well in ihe wars against the Tuarks that he ob- rained from the Emperor of Austria the right of coining money and conferring titles of nobulity. Auother Esterhazv, Nicholas, is the man who refused to be King of Hungary when Napoleon offered 10 piace him on the throne. It is his gallery of paintings which travelers are shown when they visit the Esterbazy palace. All the Ester- hazys were favorites of Maria Theresa, That sovereign had a younz maid of honor named Beuffy,who was as beautiful as an angel!, but a Caivinist. Tbe Em. press had such an interview with herin the privacy of the royal closet that the young lady renounced Calvin and all bis works, and was rewarded by a marriage with John Esterhazy, tne richest man in Hun- Bary. The pos:essions of the Esterhazys were ]ilbuloul. The head of the house owned | twenty-nine seignories, twenty-one cas- | tles, sixty towns, 407 praidics, extend- ing over a vast territory round Eisenstadt. | This was besides several domains in Lower Austria and the county of Edel- stetten, 1n Bavaria. It was no wonder | that the belles of the day aspired to an al- \lflnce with so pussant a family. Well- | meaning but impulsive Maria Theresa was | always finding wives for them, and some- times they wished she had let the busi- | ness alone, Count Francis Esterhazy was a special favorite of bers. Ifor him she | found a wife in the person of Princess | Starhemberg, who was as lovely as the | dawn, but who bell advanced views on | the rights of womeu. A few months | after the marriage she ran away with { Count Schulemberz and elected a domi- | cile in a Swiss chalet on the bor.ler of the | beautiful Lake Luzerne. The Austrian | Charge d’Affaires was shocked and cansed | proceeiings to be instituted against the gay Lothario. An obsequious Swiss court | conaemned him to death for aculitery. | But the injured husband intervened, say- | ing that he could not be sufficiently grate- ful to Schulemberg for having r:d him of a she-devil, and tbe culprit was pardoned forthwith. The mania for etiguette and piety which prevailed at Vienna under Maria Theresa | and Josepi the 8:cond was exactly snited to the Esterhazy temper. The Duke of | Richelieu complains bitterly that durine | one Lent when he was Minister at Vienna | | he spent 100 hours at church with the Emperor; the Esterhazys did not mind that, they rather enjoyed it. They were spared the infliction of dining with nis Majesty; no one ever aid tbat. The Emperor dined with his hat on in the presence of his wife and her ladies of honor, and at some aistance from the table stood the foreign Embassadors, also with their hatson. They remained stand- ing till the Emperor haa taken his first draught of wine, when they retired. The Esterhazys and other nobles remained in | an anteroom. They fared better at the “taverns” and “sledge” parties. Each gentleman sent to the master of ceremonies a card bear- ing the name of the lady of his choice, and for that evening she belonged to h m. She drove with him, danced with him, supped with him; everybody w. masked, 1 #nd na.urally thers wasa good deal of fun, l Etiquette required each zentleman to pay for the dress and mask «f nis lady. In Holy Week it generally devoived on an Esterhazy to conduct the procession illustrating the passion. Mary and Joseph, the twelve Apostles, Mary Magdalen, all mounted on asses and led by Esterhazy, journeved to the Cal- vary in the Prater, followed by a stream of men with false beards, some flagellat- ing themselves, some carrving a placard on which their sins were enumerated, some bearing crosses. The :cene was im- posing; but it is on record that it led to much secular love-making, which was de- plored by the clergy. Now and then an FEsterhnzy established such a rebutation for wic that all the bon mats of the day were fathered on him. When Charles Alexander of Wurtemberg died, alter establishing a reputation for profllg!cy which Philippe Egalite might bave envied, some one observed to Ester- hazy that the Duke’s apoplexy was a pub- lic disaster. ‘‘Apoplexy?" retorted the Prince. “Nonsense! I myself saw the devil seize bim in his claws ana carry him off through an open window.” There are 'places whers the story is be- lLieved to the present day. Tnose were curious times. When the Em- peror Francis died his wife, Maria Theresa, was overwheimed with grief. He diel at Innspruck, in the Tyrol, to which place the court had accompanied him to witness the marriage of his second son. When the body was laid outin state the Empress entered the room from her private apart- ments. The members of the court were ranged against the wall on the other side. Alone, shunned by all, wrapped in a long black veil, and sobbing bitterly, stood the beautiful Princess Auersperg, whose re- lations with the dead Emperor had given his wife many a jealous pang. Remem- bering how the courtiers had fawned upon her when her influence had been supposed to be worth courting, Maria Theresa, with asneer on her face at the time-servers, stepped up to the Princess and took her band, saying: *'We have indeed suffered a great woe, meine liebe,” The day before his death the Emperor had given hera bond for 200,000 florins. Payment was refused by the imperial treasurer. Maria Theresa ordered Este: bazy o see that it was promptly paid. The wise men of | the Eas:, Herod and Pilate, the Virgin | | | was also Intimate with the Esterhazys. Tuis was the Emperor who was so fond of traveling all over Europe incognito. In one of his tours through France, the keeper of the posthouse was about to have a child christened, when the Emperor alighted. The stranger was invited to be godfather and assented. The priest in- auired his name and quality. “My name is Joseph.” “Joseph what?" “Plain Josep! “Your calling ?" “Emperor,” ‘ God bless my soul.” At another place, a Frenchman hearing he was from Vienna, asked if he had ever met the Emperor. “Yes; I shave him cometimes.” “On! then. Yousre a barber.” A lady whose name was often coupled with that of Prince Esterhazy was the Princessjof Kybenbere. She was the daugh- terof a Jew merchant of Berlin named Meyer. She was so beautiful and adroit in politics that she turned the beads of half the politicians of the d. Goethe had been in love with her. Varnhagen pronounced her unrivaled. Bernsiroff loved her passionately, and never ceased to deplore that owing to her religion he could not marry her. She finally married Prince Reuss, but the union was kent a secret until he died. Within a yearafter his demise she married—again secretly— Frederick von Gentz, Metternich's right- hand man. This athance was so distasteful at Vien- na that Gentz decriea it, calling it “‘the most unfounded and stupid of all rumor and be separated from the lady. It has lately transpired that all through her stormy youth and her two marriages, the heart of the Princess ol Eybenberg had been in the keeping of one Esierhazy, who was known to have an establishment somewhere, though no one could place it with any degree of confidence. Paul Antonio Esterhazy de Galantha, Wwho died in 1866, was the famous diplomat who represented Austria at most of the courts of Europe in turn in the early part of this century. He was quite a youth when he served as attache to the embassay in London in the old Napoleonic days, and he dazzled the En lish with the eclat of his magnificence. It is recorded of bim that he went to a ball at the Mansion House with diamonds attached to his Another Exaperor—Joseph the Second— | boots so loosely that as he danced they flew off and rolled along the floor where the fair English girls scrambied for them. But eny girl who was pretty enough to attract Esterhazy’s eye need not have gone on hands ind knees to forage for | diamonds, | He was brougnht up in the school of Metternich, whose principles in the mat- ter of women were detalled by Baron Hornmayer. He makes the Prince say: ‘At Dresden my diplomatic career began, together with my career among women, who have often delighted me, often bored me to death and often driven me to de- spair. The most incomprehensibie thing in the whole history of the world is Kosci- usko’s ery, ‘Fints Poloni®,” for how any one can get to the end with a Polish woman is to this day a greater puzzle to me than all the riddles of the Sphinx. Many pretty litt'e fools have really loved me, although I am conscious of never having meant honestly with any of them, at least what in their presumption they would have called honestly. What I havs sul- fered, especially at Dresden, from queens, electresses, grand-duchesses and duch- esses would fill a good-sized novel for the benelit of chronic invalids on their sleep- less nights.” Metternich married the granddaughter of the famous Chancellor Kaunitz. Of her the cynic said: “The Princessis destitute of any attraction, but she has a great share of common-sense, and I don’t by any means disdain to consuit her about political chances when it is worth my while to do so. When we came to Dresden we. mutually agree! that we should each go our own way without any restraint whatever. Thus, of all the chil- dren ot the Princess, Marie alone is ‘When she died Metternich astonished every one by marrying Antonia von Ley- kam, the daughter of an opera aancer of bad character. She died atthe birth of her first child, and the widower consoled himself with Melanie Vichy, whose lack of savoir faire more than once led to remonstrances by personages of high sta- tion. Metternich would only shrug his shoulders at their complaints and reply, *'f was not my wife’s teacher of manners.” At the congress of Vienna, which was said to be run by women, one of the most fashionable and most influential was Rosina Esterhazy. The Emperor Alex- ander of Russia, who feil in love with every pretty woman he met, cailed her la beaute etonnante. His Majesty spent much of his time in her salon, explaining the niceties of the Holy Alliance, on which he had set hisheart. Otner ladies— la beaute celeste, Julie Vichy; la beaute du diable, Countess ‘Sauerma; la beaute du sentiment, Gabrielle Auersperg: la beaute coquette, Caroline Szecheny—vain- ly.tried todetach the Czar from the Ester- hazy. She had peculiar charms of her own which were irresistibl Americans are familiar with riches, but they have never seen such a display of them as Austrian and Hungarian mag- nates affect. Tue head of the house of Esterbazy has a regiment of personal at- tendants, each of whom has his particular duties and his special uniform. He has places which embrace towns and villages, in which he cannot indeed dispense jus- tice and pronounce sentence of death as he did in the middle ages, but in which 1t is exceedingly unwholesome to dispute his will. A Hungarian boyard married a lady who was a favorite at court. There had been scandal about her relations with the Emperor. After the wedding ceremony, as she passed through a corr.dor of the palace, the Emperor met her, exchanged a few words and took his leave. The husband, who was watching at a distance, joined her, and with courtly politeness escorted her toa carriage and left her, alter giving a whisperea direc- tion to the coachman. She was conveyed to one of ths nobleman’s castles in a dis- trict which he owned, and she never saw her husband aeain, nor left the placs of her confinement. It seems that the Em- peror himself was powerless to belp her, One curious point about the Hungarians is their good looks. The Huns whom Ai- tila, the scourge of God, led throunslk Beythia were hideous, short, squat, broad faced, with leering eyes and mouth from ear to ear. The Hungarian women, who are their lineal descendants, are more beautiful than any women of any race at the present day. No one who has not been to Passan and Linz and Pesth-Ofen knows how lovely a young giri may be. The girls of Aules, in France, are pretty, piquant, seductive: there isa good deal of beauty in Califor. nis and at Chicago, but to see the beauty where it is a joy forever, a witeh whose charms faith melteth into blood, one must wander zlong the bank oi the Dan. | ube on come such night in June as the ERHAZY. wizard has conjured up in his song. The Riverian villages are poor; when a peasant has a daughter who would fetch a thoue sand purses at Constantinople he sends her to Vienna, where she sells gloves or little bronzes or perfumes in the Graben and waits with melting eyes and lovely mouth and exquisite figure for the fairy prince to pass by in the shape of an Ester. hazy. Jor¥ BonNER, R e i Old-Time Sweetness Gone. *‘The old-fashioned molasses is rapidly disappearing as an article of commerce,” said a prominent grocer, aceording to the Eastport Sentinel, *‘and in jts place have come a number of syrups, which are more costly and by no means as satisfactory, especially to the little ones, wio delight, as we did, when we were young. in hav- ing 'lasses on thieir .bread. . Most of the 5n9lasues goes into the distilleries, where itis made into rum, . for which, notwith- standing the ‘efforts of our temperance yrorkers, the demand is constantly on the increase, especially in the New England States and for the export trade.. The reg- ular drinker of rum will take no other liquors in its place if he can help it. It seems to reach the spo! more directly than any. other dram, The "darker brown sugars have also disappeared, and they are mot likely to.returnm, owing to wne methods of boiling and the manufacture. annulnle.l sugar is of the same composi- tion, as far as saccharine gualities are con- cerned, as loaf, cut-loaf, cube and crushed, and differs from them only ‘in that its crystals do not cobere. This is because it 1s constantly stirred during tae process of crystallization. The lighter brawn sugars taste sweeter than the white, for the 1ea- son that there is some molasses in them. Housekeapers have aifficuity inr these days in finding coarse, dark sugars,which are alxays preferred for use. in putting up sweet pickles, making cake and similar uses. As they cannot get brown suear. any more, it may be well for them tc re- member that they can: simulate brown sugar by adding a teaspoonfil of molasses 10 each quarter of a pound-of the white granulated sugar. Fhis combina- tion does as well as all household recives that call for brown sugar.as the' aiticle itself, ard besides it saves tnem a great of hunting for brown sugar, which, as said before, has ‘disappeared from the marks g 5