The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, May 16, 1897, Page 22

s THE SAN FRA 2 J1ISCO CALL, SUNDAY, MAY 16 et 1897 CHARLES M. SHORTRIDUE, Editor and Proprietor. BSCRIPTION RATES—Postage Free: v and Sunday CALL, ‘week, by carrier..$0.18 and Sunday CALL, one yeer, by mall. 6.00 and Sunday CALI, six months, by mail.. $.00 y CaLi, three months by mail 1.50 CaLx, one month, by mail. .85 1.50 150 Bunday CALL, one y W REKLY CALL, ODe ¥ BUSINESS OFFICE: 710 Marke: Street, San Francisco, Californta. Telephone........ <oe..Maln—1868 EDITORIAL ROOMS: 517 Clay Street. Telephone... ... Main—-1874 BRANCH OFFICES: 7 Montgomery s:reet, coraer Clay; open watll 8:30 o'clock. 539 Hayes street; open until 9:30 o'clock. 615 Larkin street, open until o'clock. &W. corner Sixteenth and Mission sireets, Open util § o'clock. 618 Mission stree, open nntil 9 o'clock. } 167 Ninth street, open until 9 o'clock. 1605 Polk street; open until 9:80 o'clock. NW. corner Tweuty-second and Kentucky streets; open tiil § o'ciock. OAKLAND OFFICB: 908 Broadway. | FASTERN OFFICE: Rooms 81 and w York Citys . Eastern Manager. = = = | THE CALL SPEAKS FOR ALL. | THE SUMMER MONTHS. Areyou the cou ona vacation® It K0, it 1% DO for us 10 forward THE CALL to | ddress. Do not let it miss you for you will Orders given to the cerrier or left at ess Office NO EXTRA CHAJ prompt attention. The gingerbread fete took the cake, asa matter of course. | The tariff ques Do you under- stand the sugar sched I have no time to talk,” says the :an, and the powers sre aghast. | We may ns well call his the season | of the exhausted fountain—it is a dry | spri | Don’t forget that Balboa avenue is | worth seeing to-day and worth belping | to-morrow. Tnere is something meant especially for you in our bargain advertisements, and it will pay you to look f The interior towns are being painted rosy with floral fetes and are having a royal time colored with the pink of per- fection. As tbe Eastern f ders have eady began to cail it “Dingieyism,” it is pos: sible that this tariff may also prove to he a President-maker. We will welcome Bryan when he comes to California, of course, but all the same | we showed him by our votes that we | would rather have McKinley. | - | The Turk has an idea that he can settle | this war by himself, and the concert will | havs to do something more than beat tomtoms to get it out of his head. Dickinson of Michigan says the Cleve- land Democracy is the only true Demo- cracy, o the amonnt of truth in the party seems to be even less than was suppos The postponement of the tar ff debate until next week will not be objected toif we get the promised message on Cuba. Anv- thing that keeps Congress moving will interest the people. The women of the Rainy Dav Club in New York are having trouble. Ata recent meeting the president reported that many women had joined the association simply 0 get the pin which serves as a badge, i It may be very gratifving to ambition to | hola the bal e of power on the Finance Committee like Senator Jones of Nevada, | butail the same he seems to be the buffer that catches the blows from both sides. The weather in San Francicco is better at this season than in any other large city in the country, but all the same it takes a combination of the straw hat, the russet <hoe and an overcoat 1o make it comfort- able. Spain 18 not altogether above learning from the United States, for she estab- lished last year an arbor day as a public festival, and is said to be planning to make it one of the most noted of her Fearly ceremonies. There 1s just enough disturbance in the present row in Honduras and Nicaragua to make it certain that if we ever con- struct the canal across the isthmus we shall have to take ic under our protection in fact as well us name. ‘T'he first case of prostration from heat this year has been aiready announced and once more Chicago leads the van. What ‘we have calied a warm spell in California would have been welcomed as cool weather in the torrid East. According to reports about all the fight- ingin Cuba in these days takes place in the provinces which Weyler declared to bave been pacified. 1t seems to be the aim of the insurgents to prevent the Spanish general from even lying in peace. caginret by A socialist Jeader in Ghent, who has yecently risen to emirence, keeps a cafe on the walls of which is emblazoned the motto, “The stomach of the laboring n.an is the savings bank of society. The phrase is peculiar, but it is worth medi- tating on. Blackburn of Kentucky is already plan- ning to return to the Senate by defesting Lindsay, while Hill of New York is fixing schemes to take Senator Murphy’s seat, and still Bryan goes round beating a brass band and calling on Democrats to get together, harmonize and trust one another. It would not be altogether a bad joke on FEurope if the Sultan should insist on being taken into partnership with the new Holy Alliance and have his name on the firm sign. The “Czar, Kaiser, Em- “ peror and Sultan Company” would be a great combination to deal in European Teul estate. John Wanamaker’s statement to the Business Men’s League in Philadelphia that “political religion’ in this country is at such & low ebb that a new party is necessary will have no other effect than 1o recall to the public mind that within the last six months he has been a candidate for United States Senator and for the po: tion of Secretary of the Pennsylvania Treasury and got neither. Mr. Wana- maker wishes a party whose procession will not move fast enough to get ahead of aim, THE WASHINGTON STATUE. It is aprropriate that the noblest monu- ment to Washington ouiside the capital of the Nation should stand in Philadel- phia, snd owe its erection to the patriot ism of the order of the Cincinnati. While Virginia claims Washington as her own by reason of his birth and continuous residence within her limits, bis life during the period when it was greatest and most infinential 1s more intimately associated with Philadelphia than with any other locality in the Union. It was at the city of Philadelphia that the Congress of the colonies met, and after proclaiming their independence ap- pointed George Washington to take com- mand of the army. [t was near that city that he guarded the cause of:freedom in his camp at Valley Forge during the dark- est hours of the Revolution. For a time, moreover, it was the capital of the newly fourded Republic. Around Philadelphia, therefore, cluster more pat- riotic associations with Washington than around any other of our cities. It was there he began his great career, and it was there that he snowed forih most clearly the grandeur of his soul. Another fact which makes the place an appropriate one for a special commemo- ration of Washington is the character of the city itself, As Washington is regarded as the typical American, so is Philadel- phia everywhere looked upon as the typi- cal American city. While it is neither the largest, the richest nor the most progres- sive community in America, it is, never- theless, the one which has most fully realized the American conception of civic life. Itis the city of homes, a well-ordered community where the virtues of right liv- ing are more honored than wealth, where |a zreater proportion of the people own the houses they live in than in any other large city in the world, and where Ameri- can ideals have been more fully accom- plished than in any other of our large commuaities. Itis altogether right that the first and the greatest of Americans should be most highly honored in a city that is most truly American. From accsunts which have been given of it the monument which Philadeiphia dedicated yesterday is the most artistic statuesque structure which has thus far been raised in America. It serves asthe standard of our accomplishments of the kind. In its superiority over other under- takings of a similar nature it marks the extent to which we have advanced in our artistic development and affords a high level of attainment from which to make the departure for further progress and higher excellence in the future. The order of the Cincinnati has proven its usefulness to the community by rais- ing this nobie monument, and it is to be noped that it will continue in the self- appointed task of stimulating the patri- otism and the virtue of the people by re- calling to the public mind the virtues of the great patriots who founded the order and with whose fame it is inseparably associuted. We can never have too many memorials of our National heroes, and it is gratifying to know that our taste in such matters is rapidly being raiced to true standards of excellence. The Washington monument will serve the double purpose of reviving the memory of the founder of the Republic und of stimulating the artistic eaucation of the people, and will serve ot onlv as an ornament to Phila- delphia but as a benefit to the country at large. OANNONS AND OLOUDS. An Austrian grape-grower has succeeded in driving away bailstorms by establish- ing a cordon of mortar batteries round his vineyards and firing tiem off when the clouds threaten. Thisis a reversal of the process tried a few years ago in this coun- try, when there was a great waste of noise and money in the attempt to cause rain- fall by means of detonations. Our exper- iment was regarded as a farce by scientific men, who announced its absurdity from the start, but even the scientists never told us that in discharging bombs to pro- duce rain we were dispelling the clouds that bring it. The story from Austria might be consid- ered by the skepticaily inclined as a hoax had it not come in the shape of a report to the State Department from the United States Consul at Annaberg. Consul Stephan says that the Austrian who made the experiment owns extensive vine- yards on the soutihern slopes of moun- tains in a locality where hailstorms are Irequent and very destructive. He erected six vatteries on mountain summits com- manding about two miles of territory. When the threatening black clouds appear the mortars are fired off and the clouds rise, scatter and disappear. The experi- ment was tried successfully six times, and there was not a single failure. No ore in this country, when detona- tions proved ineffective in bringing rain, suspected that the reversal of the experi- ment would be brilliantly successful and that the artillery of earth could frighten away the artillery of the heavens. It will be a glorious consummation of peace when the nations can find use for their gunners in defeating the destructive rage of the elements instead of destroying each other. However, it can safely be predicted that America will bs shy about trying any more experiments in that line. We will let the Austrians have a monopoly of artillery duels with the haii clouds until science fully indorses thatsystem of grape protection. A PUZZLER. Perons who take an interest 1n puzzles and find delight in exercising their brains in the work of guessing conundrums or colving a rebus will find a pleasant em- ployment, and pernaps a profitable one, at this time in studying out the sugar schedule of the tariff bill as revised by the Senate, comparing it with schedules on the same subject in the Dingley bill and the existing law and determining which of the three gives the greater protec- tion to the sugar industry. The question is_sorely puzzling all the experts of the country, and while many claim to have solved it no two of them agree in the solu- tion. The New York Tribune figures it out that while the Wilson tariff gives a benefit to the suzar reliners of 365-1000 of a cent per pound at present prices the Dingley bill gives a difference of an eighti, with some further incidental benefit, and the Senate bill gives an advantage of half a cent. The New York Times estimates that the cost of 100 pounds imported refined sugar is now 32.5 cents higher on account of the duty, while under the Dingley bill, it ys, * the difference would be 21 cents, and under the Aldrich bill 64 cents. Henry D. Woolfe is quoted by the Eraminer as estimating that under the Wilson bill the refiner receives a benefit of ¥2{ cents per 100 pounds, and that” under the bill reported by the Senate he will receive 8835 cents. The expert of the New York Press, on the other hand, seems to have reached the conclusion that the sugar- growers will receive no benefit at all from the Benate bill, for he says, “The ad sugars, not ot Hawaii alone, but of the eighteen countries which grow the sugar of the world.” Robert P. Porter, who has had some ex- perience in making tariffs, admits that the sugar schedule as reported by the Senate committee is a mystery to him, but he aads that we have the word of such eminent statesmen as Senators Allison and” Aldrich’ that ‘the proposed eugar schedule does not favor the refining in- terests any. more than the Dingley. bill. The opinions of Allison and- Aldrich are certainly entitled to have great weight with the public, since they are recognized as the ablest- tariil experts now in public life. It-is reported that ex-Governor Wer- moth of Louisial who is ome of the greatest sugar-producers in the world, re- cently declared: “The sugar schedule is so badly mixed, so complicated, that to my simple farmer mind it 1s all a ridale. In order to understand just what it means, 1 intend to employ an expert on tariff ques- tions, especially as they relate to sugar, and see whether he can unravel the tan- gle.” It isto be hoped the ex-Governor will make public the report of his expert. We have had so many expert opinions oa this subject that one more is all that is needed to turn the picnic into a circus. When the bill is taken up in the Senate for debate Senators Allison and Aldrich will explain it. Until then it remains a pleasant svbject for discussion among people who delight in puzzles. VOOATIONS FOR INDIANS. The comirg disbandment on the last day of this month of the Indian soldiers stationed at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, is an ex- pression of the Government’s deliberate judgment that the red mien do not make good soldiers. While this will be a dis- eppointment to the friends of that race, and of humanity in general, it is offset by the announcement of the wonderful suc- cess that has attended the trusting of In- dians in the duties of police officers and police judges. The two items of news taken together furnish a strong argument for persistent efforts in trying to improve the race, since they show that though failure may tend many attempts at finding vocations at which the remnants of the savage race cun be both useful and contented they should not be turned down as incorrigible and worthless. By searching there may be other avenues discovered in which they can serve society profitably. It was hoped that Indians would be found valuable soldiers because of their love of fighting, their capacity for en- aurance, and their indifference to discom- forts. The test has shown, however, that they cannot bear the severe discipline and the routine duties of the regular soldier's life. It seems to their minds a most irk- some inaignity to be ordered to go to bed ata certain hour. They grow weary of having to salute every mah that happens to wear a shoulder-strap, of standing around continuously looking neat, and of doing seemingly useless things with alacrity. Insubordination follows these feelings, and makes the braves unfit for Uncle Sam’s service according to estab- lished regulations. They are good war- riors by spurts and spells, but tbey re- quire more relaxation and freedon from restraint than the civilized camp allows. In serving as police, on the other hand, they have proved themselves to possess in a remarkable degree the combination of diligence, courage and incorruptibility which makes them exceedingly service- able in that capacity. When they cap- ture an offender they are sure to bring him in for trial, as neither threats nor bribery will turn them from the faithful performance of their office. It bas been found that at the call of their regular duties they will act against their own race without fear or favor. The sense of authority pleases them, and they like the work. Some of the chiefs who fought most fiercely against the whites are now doing police duty in the most trustworthy way for a very small wage. One of tne most notorious of these is Rain-in-the-Face, who is credited with killing Tom Custer, the brother of General Custer. Chief Gall, who also was a leader in the Custer mas- sacre, has done excellent work as a Police Judge at Standing Rock, 8. D., ana John Grass, in the same capacity, has rendered decisions which it is said would do credit to Solomon. 1f such transformations can take place in individual lives among the most savage leaders of the savage, then surely very much may be hoped when civilized en- vironment has hac several generations to perfect its work. THE ENBAGED TURK Reports from Europe show that while it was ccmparatively easy for the Emperors of Russia, Germany and Austria to incite the Sultan to war it is by no means so easy for them to stay his hand now that war has begun and his armies are flushed with victory. The Sultan himself, it seems, is borne forward by the aroused spirit of his people ana could not stop them if he would. The Turk is enraged, and in his rage 1s regardless of everything except the passion and the fury ot battle. Upon the men who turned foose the dogs of war in Turkey rests the responsi bility of the presentdangers to all Europe. They should have foreseen that when the Turkish people had once entered upon a war and attained success in it they would be as hard 10 control as wild beasts, and that nothing but force could compel them to release the prey which they had seized. If the statesmen who urged on the Sultan did not foresee this they are among the blindest that ever led the blind into dan- ger, and if they did foresee it and have not guarded against it then the world can have as little respect for their humanity as on the other hand it could have haa for their wisdom. ‘When the altiance of the three Emper- ors was announced their diplomatists spoke boldly of its proposed policy. They declared in strong terms it would notonly keep the peace and matntain the existing situation in Eurove, but would dictate terms in South' Africd and set bounds there upon the limits of the British em- pire. This alliance, whickh so short a time ago was proudly boasting its ability to act as the arbiter of the world, now finas itself powerless to keep the peace even within the narrow confines of the Levant. In the present situation few statesmen care to venture upon making predictions as to the result. It is known that the people of England, France and Italy are so strong in their sympathy for Greece they will never consent to permit the Turks to annihilate that kingdom or even to greatly weaken it. The new Holy Alli- ance therefore will have to deal with Western Europe as well as with the enraged Turk. [t may be possible for them to maintain the peace by a show of force, but the probabilities are against them, and it would not be surprising if they should fall out with one another in attemoting to devise a plan for extricat- ing themselves from ‘the difficulties in which they are involved. To have settled the Cretan gquestion valorgm duty will swamp them with | would hve ben 4u egey tagh oRmpaed with that which they now bave on hand, of satisfying Western Europe without pro- voking the maddened Turks to some act of rage which will involve them all in war. TEE DEFENSE OF LONDON What Paris is to France London is to the British empire. To realize this we have only 1o0-imagine what the empire.would be without London. Pans ‘has often been tbe ultimate objective of invading armies, for the fall of that capital means, practicaily speaking,the subjugation of the country. In a strongly centralized Governmentan at- tack on the capital is an attack at & most vital point, and usually its capture puts an end to effective opposition and enas the war. Although the Government of Eogland is much less centralized than that of Frauce, and the capture of London might not terminate the war, still as it 1s the acknowledged finan- clal and commercial center of the world, such a catastrophe could not fall to have the most momentous ard far-reaching consequences. This enormous aggregation of weaith and in- dustrial enterprise, the very center of civiliza- tion, would be & most tempting prize for an iuvading army, to say nothing of the political results which weuld follow its capture. While most of the European capitals have within the past twenty years been gradually converted into so many immense fortresses, ovrovided with distant outworks to give secu- rity sgainst bombardment and with internal arrangements for supplying and maneuvering armies, England has been content to leave London entirely unprotected. The reasons for this seeming apathy are not far to seek. The events of the Napoleonic WAars are not yet forgotten, nor how the plans of the Emperor for the invasion of England were defeated by the British navy. To attack London an invading ermy is required, and this in turn depends on holding command of the ses, at least for a certsin period. Therefore, as long as Englaud’s position at sea remains unassailable there scoms but little danger of an attack on London. Many military students hold that the true defense of London les with the navy, and that with the mnavy once defeated fortifications would not suffice to stop the in- vaders. England’s policy is therefore to be able fo hold the sea against sny power or combination of powers. Owing to this supremacy at sea.she is uot oniy & great naval and commercial power, but 8 great military power as well. By means of the gea her forces are multiplied as it were and can be at once brought to bear upon the most threat- ened potnt. With her insular position and invulnerability to ordinary sttack itis not surprising that England should have so long neglected these matiers of internal defense and organization on which the Continental powers have concentrated so much thought and spent such fabulous sums oi money. Of late years, however, British self-confi- dence has been somewhat shaken,and the project of fortifying London, or. rather of or- ganizing its defense, has received a large share of attention. It has been pointed out that if itshould so happen that the English home fleet were overpowered at the beginning of & war with a first-class Conti nental power, such as Germany, an invasion by a well-equipped and well-drgan- ized army would be aimost certain to follow. Can England be whipoed at sea? In peace- times the navy is necessarily much scattered and a considerable time would be required to mobilize a sufficient fleet for- home de- fense. With & sudden declaration of war it s quite within the range of possibilities that a way might be opened for en attempt on London. It is probable thatsuch an invading force wonld be supes rior to any England could assemble atshort notice, and by making a rapid march on Lon- don its capture would be reasonabiy certain. Such an operation would be a raid on & grand scale, and while the risk involved would be great, the prospect of thus ending the war by asudden and brilliant coup is so tempiing that it would probabiy be ettempted. 1t is precisely this danger which makes some sort of a land defense for the city a necessity. The invading force would trave! light and must be met in front and detained long enbugh for an organized recisiance to be made. If possible while so detained it would be surrounded and cut off entirely. But if the force once gains possession of Londou 1t would farnish a base for further operations, and if held would mesn the termination of tne war. Ths very suddenness of modern war and the completeness of preparation of the Continental nations all increase the probabil- ity of such an attempt being made. Tne main principles which should govern in the defense of London were decided upon ten years ago by the most eminent soldiers in England. It was concluded that the city “‘must be surrounded by defensive positions, strongly held and fortified with artillery as a second line of defense.” This work has been going on now for some years. In the main the scheme adopted is that developed by the eminent military writer, the late Gen- eral Sir Edward Hamley, in & yolume entitled “National Defense,” published in 1889. The leading idea is similar to that underlying the project of Moltke’s, drawn up in 1860, for the defense of Prussia against Austria. Instead of fortifying Berlin directly he preferred the pre- paratioh of a line at some distance south of the ¢ity, 8o that it could be held fora short time by even & comparatively weak corps. As London can be approached either from thesouth or northeast there are to be two pro- posed lines—one running from Tilbury to Ep- ping, the other on the south, foliowing the geucral line of the North Downs. To defend these positions & force of some 60,000 ‘men s required, and some 120 volunteer brigades have been assigned to the work and 233 guns. It 1s calculated that if an efficient volunicer corps and a proper or- ganization can be had there would be mo dificulty in placing 60,000 men in position by the morning of the fourth day irom the time mobilization was ordered. It remains to be sen whether such a force can hold its own against a compact, well- commanded army of regulars. Lines such those described can be made very formid- able in a short time and under com- petent engineers can often replace to ad- vantage. the more expensive snd perma- nent forms of fortification. The question will be largely as to the efficlency of the men pehind the works. In respect of prepara:ion for war England is in much the same category as the United States. Imminent dangerof war and invasion forms the force by which the Continental armies are kept in such a constant state of reediness, and it is altogether probable that until the negessily is brought home to her England will be to greatextent unprepared for a war of any ma, nitude. NA1URE’S LESSON. The pink apple-blossom Is just ous of reach, ‘Though you stuud on (he Lips of your toes— A Jesson has Nature she wishes Lo teach— You will learn it bsfore autumn goes. Strive not for the blossom, nor weep 8t defeat, But patirntly wait for 8 while— All things come in time—and the moments aze eet, £oon your frown will give place to & smile, The blossoms will die, but the good fruit will grow, 1t will ripen in sun and in ratn, The weight of tne applo will bend the bough Jow— And the waitiog will be to your gain. Seck not the bright buds that will fade in 4 day, But await the sweet frait God wiil send— ‘The buds m:y be high and be out of your way, While the boughs wt the harvest will bend. FLAVEL SCOTT MINES in Ladies' Homle Journal, COMMENDABLE CONDUCT AFTER DEATH Mexican Herald. The young lady was frightened to death, but b‘ehnvod with much courage and self-posses- sion, E. H. BLACK, paidter, 120 Eddy strees. pitad i 4 Siboa s CALIFORNIA glace fruits, 50c 1b. Towasend's.* it pudinai There is on the calendar for the: current term of tne Kennebec County (Maine) court & suit of & Mount Vernon man against a Bow. doinham man to recover $50 for services in seeking a wife for the defendant. ——e—a i FPECIAL information daily to manufacturers, business houses and publio men by the Pres Clipping Bureau (Aliew’s), 510 Montgomery. * e gt Mark Hopkins Institute of Art. The Spring exhibiuon is now open dally irom 9 a. M. to 5 P. M. and grand -congect every POWER WIELDED BY THE TIES OF THE Of all the factors in Old World polities there are none that are more potent and important than the secret societies by which Europe, Asia and Africa are honey- combed. Relatively, 'ittle is known con- cerning them, but the solution of the present crisis in the Levan: may be said to depend entirely uvon the wishes of the unknown leaders of one of these organi- zations, who alone can determine whether by the time this article appears in print King George will still be on his tottering throne or an exile from the land over which he has reigned—but hardly ruled— for the last four and thirty years. For monarch, cabinet, assembly and army of Greeee are all subject to the des- potism of the Ethnike Hetaria, the chief of which is generally believed to reside at Alexandria, while some of its principal leaders have been established for years bere in the United States. It is this society that has compelled King George to invade Turkish territory in Crete with- out any vprevious declaralion of war against the Sublime Porte, an act which from the point of view of international law is fully as unjustifiable as the much decried Transvaal raia; and it is the same association that precipitated the trouble on the northern frontier of Greece when every nerve was being strained, not only by the great powers, but also by the Suitan and by King Gedrge himself, to avert hostili- ties and to bring about a pacific settle- ment of the trouble. Moreover, the popu- lar feeling at Athens against the Crown Prince or “Diadokus” is mainly due to the reluctance which he manifested in obey- ing the behests of the society to assume the offensive and hasten the attack npon the forces under Edhem Pasha—a reluct- ance, which was in no wise attributable to cowatdice as has been asserted, but solely to the pressing remonstrances on the part of his foreign relatives, to allow them time to secure a compromise in every respect honorable and satisfactory to Greece. Not only the major portion of the rank and file, but Jikewise the greater part of the corps of ofticers of the Greek army, are affiliated to the Hetaria, and, knowing the wishes and commznds of the society, they naturally rebeiled against being kept back by the Crown Prince, and vented their anger by charging him with lacking courage, an imputation which they com- municated to the' foreign newspaper cor- respondents bn the spot. Discipline is not the strong point of the Greeks, who are the most passionate, unruly and, above all, democratic people of Rurope, and the officers and men of the regular army ended by joining in large numbers the guertillas, who on their own account were making raids into Turkish territory. This was of course more than the Sultan could stand. He was prepared to abstain from treating acts of overt hostility on the part of the irregulars as a casus belli, and to look upon their forays across his frontier as mere pieces of brigandage by irresponsible banditti. But the moment that officers and Greek army, in full uniform, took part in | the raids the lstter assumed quite a dif- | ferent aspect, and Edhem Pasha received orders from Constantinople to assume the offensive and to msrch upon the Crown | Prince. The disasters which have ensued are wrongly laid at the door of Constantine. The Turkish army, in spite of all that has been said to the contrary, is one of the tinest in the world, the men being abso- lutely indifferent to the danger of death, so much so, indeed, that when wounded they prefer to die of their injuries sooner than have their lives saved by means of amputations, which, according to their etnics and religious convictions, are cal- culated to impair their chances of eternal bliss hereafter, since the Houris of Para- dise will naturally prefer a man who is complete to one who is deficient in the normal quantity of arms and legs. The Turkish army held even the splendidly trained forces of Russia in check through the entire winter of 1877, although the Muscovite troops were vastly su- perior in numbers, and grandly led by such celebrated generals as Gourko, Skobeleff asd Todleben. It was therefore only to be expecied that the Turks should easily hold their own against the Greek army, which was from the outset of the struggle inferior in numbers, in equip- ment and in armament. Itis clear that as soon as the moving spirits of the Hetaria realized that the Greek army would be able to make no definite stand against the Turkish invad- ers, they decided to withdraw from the game, and to await a more propitious opporturnity for attaining the aims which they had in view, being particularly dis- appointed at the failure of their under- taking to precipitate a general European war, from which they had expected to reap golden results. This is evident from their neglect to play & number of very valuable cards which they held in their hands, and which they would certainly have placed on the table had they seen any chance of winning the game. Thus the European provinces of Turkey, as well as Servia, Bulgaria, and even ®ou- mania, literally swarm with Greeks nearly all affiliated to the Hetaria, and ready to rise at 8 moment’s notice on receiving the word. This word was never given, nor was any endeavor made by the Hetaria to avail itself of the tervices of the several bundred thousana of its members, who reside at Constantinople and who are scattered throughout the various cities and seaports of Asia Miror. At Vienna, at Paris, Frankfort ana London some of the leading financiers are Greeks belong- ing to the Hetaris, who had they been commanded might have worked wonders, not only by means of their local influence, but also with their purse. Yet not a sign was given to them that their assistance was required. In the opinion of the Hetaria it would have been a useless waste of excellent material which might bs found far more serviceable on another oceasion. It being held necessary to secure some one to bear the bront of the failure of the enterprise and'of the popular odfum that followed from the reverses sustained around Larissa, the Hetaria pitched upon the Crown Prince and branded him asa coward for not having assomed the offe sive from the very outset, and likewise abused the King for entrusting the army to inadequate leadership. Whether the society in question decides to kesp the present dynasty on the throne, or to over- turn it, remains to be seen. It will doubtless depend to a great extent upon the state of public feeling, and be deter- mined by the question asto whether the people stand in need of a =capegoat for the entire affair. It would be useless to waste any undue sympathy on King George if the Hetaria decides to turn him out. For he hus never really considered himsel! anything else than a bird of passage at Athens, regard- ing Conenhagen his real ho andit is there that he hus bullt a magnificeut palace, where all his art treasures and do- mestic belongings have been stored. Moreover, he has managed while at | to the commands of the Carbona SECRET POLITICAL SOCIE- OLD WORLD. went there thirty-four years ago with scarcely a cent in his pocket, his family being so poor that his sisters, the present Dowager Empress of Russie, the Princess of Wales and the Duchess of Cumbarland, were forced through motives of economy to make their own hats and frocks. To-day he 1s admittedly one of the wealthiest sovereigus of Europe, and in- asmuch as his fortune has certainly not been saved out of hiscivil list, which is so small that during the first twenty years of his reign the great powers were induced,in s sheer spirit of commiseration, to contribute $100,- 000 more to his Greek annual stipend, it na urally follows that there must bs some truih in the stories current at Athens, according to which King George made millions by specula- tion in American wheat in coujunction with the late General Meredith Read, at the time when the Turko-Russian war of 1876-77 had the effect of closing both the port. and the grain markets of Odessa. King George, like his brother, the Crown Prince of Denmark, is an extraoréiarily fortunate speculstor, differing therein from King Leopold of Bel- gium, King Osear of Sweden, the French royal Duke of Chartres and other stock-job- bing monarchs and princes of the blood. £o0 that if George, wnose real baptismal name is William, is forced by the Hetaria tofollow the example of his predecessor, King Otho, and to abandon the Grecian throue, he may be eon- gratulated rather than pitied, since he will be able to at length retire without any compunc- tion to his native country to spend the re- mainder of his days among people who are infinitely more congenial to him than the Greeks, and in the enjoyment of a fortune that s simply colossal. Nor #ill there be any in- clination on the part of the European courts 10 blame him personaliy for the present trou- ble. He has repeatedly been on the point of abdicating, and on each occasfon bas re- mained at the urgent request of the great powers, who were anxious at all costs to avoid the complications which they kuew would ensue were his throme to become vacant. Moreover, the Edropean sovereigns are fully aware that when he invaded Crete he had to chcose between doing so and facing a revolu- tion, instigated by the Hetaria, which would have driven him from Athens, and that it he id not lay down his crown then and there it was entirely on account of the entreaties of the foreign governments, who hoped that they would be able to effect & compromise and only required time in order to accomplish it. The He:aria is about 100 years old, consists of a number of inner circles, and of wheels within wheels, no one save a favored few knowing who is the head thereof for the time being. Like the society of the Carbonari in } Italy, and like that of the Nihilists in Russia, it has had princes of the blood, and even erowned monarchs, who have been affilfated therato. Foritis well kuown that Emperor Alexander I of Russia was in the early part of the preseut century a member of the Hetarla, which showed itself 5o exacting that he pre- ferred to abandon his throne to his brother Nicolas, organizing a mock funeral, causing his death t0 be proclasumed, and then retired to the monastery of St. fergius, where he sur- vived until 1864, Napoleon III remained throughout his reign submissively subject to the grand mas- ter of the Italian order of Carbonari,which he joined while residing with his mother at Rome. When Napoleon became Emperor he at first imagined himself to be powerful enough to bo sble to afford to turn & deaf ear and to be in a position to sever all further intercourse with tnem. But they had not theslightest intention of permitting him to become thus unfaithiul to his vows of fealty to the order, and after they had instigated several attempts to assassinate him (one of which, known as the Orsini bomb outrage, resulted in the deathof a large numberof bystanders and in the destruction of the imperial equi- Ppage on its way to the opera at Paris) he aban- doned all further idea of resistance. . He readily obeyed when he received orders from Rome to declare the preposterous war of 1559 against Austria, which, while it profited Italy a great deal, brought France little or nothing except the ill will of Austria, who would otherwise have come to her rescue in 1870, In 1866 again Emperor Napoleon took ad- vantage of the siruggle between Austria and Prussia to demand from the latter territorial compensation along the Rhine, threatening otherwise to march to the assistance of Aus- tria, which had justinflicted a crushing de- feat upon the Italians at Custozza. Bismarck was on the point of yielding to the demands of Napoleon, the Prussian defeat of Austria having been a very close affair, which had left the victor in a sadly weakened condition. But suddenly the demands of France were with- drawn, and Napoleon contented himself with requesting that the surrender of Venice by Austriato Italy, which Prussia had insisted on, should be made to him. Oaly after Napo- leon’s death did people become aware that his inexplicable withdrawal of demands which were about tobe conceded to theadvantage of France was solely due to the threats and commands which had reached him from his Carbonari associates in Italy. Indeed much that is otherwise inéomprehensible in the eighteen years’ reign of Napoleon, who wes a man of remarkable cleverness, becomes clear as day when it is pointed out that he was constantly forced by the Italian Carbonari to embark upon enterprises and to adopt measures disadvantageous in every respect to France, but calculated to benefit Italy. In Russia the Grand Duke Nicholas Con- stantinovich, who was banished to Siberia for stealing his mother’s jewels and the sacr: mental gems of the lmperial chapelatSt. Petersburg in order to present them to an Amerjcan adventuress, a Mrs. Hattie Black- ford of Philadelphia. was on the point of beirg pardoned and rehabilitated in 1885 when the fact was suddenly brought to light thathe was afiiliated to the Nihilist soctety and that he had actually married a female nihilist, a daughter of the postmaster of Tashkend, Wwno was one of the leadersof the movement. The result ‘was that instead of being set at liberty he was sentenced to close detention for the remainder of nislife. His father, the immensely clever Grand Duke Constantine, was likewise impli- cated in tho nihilist movement. But that was during the lifetime of his chivalrous brother, Alexander 11 The latter on receiv- ing from the Chief of Police the documentary proots of the guilt of his brother handed them 10 him, and embracing him affectionately ex- claimed, “I do not beifeve in them, Constan- tine.” Moreover one should never forget that had it not been for this secret society, known as the nihilist, Russia would to-day be enjoying the inestimable benefits of & full-fledged con- stitution and of a popular form of govern- ment, similar to that of the otber civil ized nations ot the world, for the uka: conferring these coucessions upon the peop! was aiready drawn up, iad beeh signod by 116 Chancellor and Ministers, had been stamped with the imperial seal and was about to re- ceive the final signature of the Czar, which was ali that was needed to convert the decree into the law of the land, when on the very morning of the day that he was to have put his name thereto he was struck down and blown to pieces in the streets of St. Petersburg by the glycerine bombs of the ninilists. In Austria there are at least a dozen of these secret societies, which seriously hamper the action of the Government and its pol v:x. the best known being peobably tbe “Omiadina,” in Bohemis, and the ‘‘Italian Irredenta” of ihe southern provinces. It wasa member of the former who atiempted about three vears Ao to wreok the train on which the Emperor of Austria waa traveling to Prague, while men affiliated with the “Italia Irreden- ta,” which is extensively represented in Italy. are responsible for at least two out of the four attempis made upon the life of ‘m-fi Humbert, the last one being the work a native of Artena, which is re- nowned throughout Europe as quite the most wicked spot on the face of the globe, a reputa- tion which has been enjoyed for no less than eight centuries. In India the action of the British authorities was for a long time para- 1yzed bythe secret society of thugs, which was finally suppressed mainly through the cley- and enmity of the gailant one-armed officer who now commands the London volice. The English had equal trotble with Dacoits in Burmah, while on at least iwo occasions the Chinese empire has aimost been ront in twain and wrecked through the agency of the secret societies, which abound in what is known as “the iMiddle Kingdom.” They are sll the mor, powerful for belug ccoult, nd ay 80 important a role {n contemporary poli- fn that |l‘?l justas well in this manner to Atbens to wip an enormous fortune, Holmnnu. cursorily draw attention to their baneful EX-ATTACHE, PERSONAL. T. Erskine of Sonora is at the Lick. Charles Duley of Portland is in town. A.Randall of Alsmeda is at the Cosmopoll tan. Arthur Scowcroft of Ogden, Utab, isin the City. J. T. Duffy of Seattle has arrived here, and is at the Russ. William B. Jones, & business man ol Boston, is in the City. Charles May, a merchant of Bakersfield, is at the Cosmopolitan. 3 F. F. Ball of Sonors, Tuolumne County, isat the Cosmopolitan. Ex-Jndgopa Charles 0. Clarke of Siskiyou County 1s at the Russ. John M. Mitchell, an extensive farmer of Salinas, is here on business. C. L. Hussey of the United States steamer Thetis arrived here yesterday. G. L. McCandless, & druggist of Sacramento, is among the arrivals at the Grand. D. W. Park, a wealthy resident of Montana, is here, accompanied by his family- Colonel C. §. Smart of Boston arrived here yesterday on 8 visit of several weeks. . P. Huntington will leave this evening for New York, going by way of Portiand. C. M. Wheeler and Mrs. Wheeler of Eureka are among those who have lately arrlved. R. I Bentley, an attorney of Sacramento, is in the City. Mrs. Bentiey accompsnies him. R. McArthur, owner of a general merchan- dizing store at Mendocino City, is among the arrivals here. F. E. Hoppock, traveling sgent for the Standard Oil Company of Fresno, is at the Cosmopolitan. W. G. Kay, a business man of Lexington, Ky., is here, accompanied by his brother, on & sight-seeing trip. Captain Thomas H. Jenkins, & mining engi- neer of London, who has lately been inter- ested in mining property in Californis, is in the City. Sheriff H. C. Stanton ot Glenn County ar- rived here yesterday from Willows, in com- pany with Dr. Selman, whom he had in cus- tody and whom he was taking to San Quentin. Joseph Brown, the widely known politician of San Bernardino, who has been engaged at one time and another in banking and other Kkinds of business, is spending a few days here. Charles Trambull Hayden of Tempe, Ariz., one of the earliest settlers of the Salt River Valley, and who has extensive milling, trad- ing and lana interests there, arrived here yes- terday, and is at the Occidental. Among those who registered at the Palace yesterday was & prominent party from Port- land, Or., and Vancouver, Wash., consisting of the following: Mr. and Mrs. John 1. Thomip- son, Miss Phipps, Miss S, A. Ripley, Mrs. L. V. sloat and L. L. Shaw. Colonel H. B. Maxson of the United States Survey of Reno, Nev., is visiting with his family at the home of his mother-in-law, Mrs. Struckman, on Tenth street, Oakland: Mr. Maxson and family have just returned from a three months’ visit in New York and Wash- ington, D. C. CALIFORNIANS IN WASHINGTON. WASHINGTON, D. Mey 15.—John D. Spreckels has returned to Washington from New York. Senator White's family left to-day for Los Angeles. Mrs. Phebe Hearst has given James Paxton Voorgees, the sculptor, an order fora statue of tne late Senator Hearst. Mrs. Hearst is quite ill with & cold wnich she contracted upon one of her numerous trips be- tween the city and Mount Vernon to attend the meetings of the board of regens. CALIFORNIANs IN NEW YORK. NEW YORK, May 15.—At the Plazs, H. W. Duncan; Marlborough, J. T. Davis; Bar- rett, 0. P. D. Ewing; Hoffman, W. B. Smith; Stuart, H. Blinn; Grand Union, F. Barstow; Devonshire—R. Kinsman, J. Pearce; James and Mrs. Sarah Russell and Charles J.'Weich left the Plaza to sail on the Etruria. Excursion to the Eust and Yellowstone Park. A party s now being formed to make the tour of the Yellowstone Park, leaving here about the 28th of May. Ttwill be in charge of ProfessorJ. C. Branner of Stanford University. Rates will be very reasonable and accommodations first class. The Yellowstone Park can justiy ]ay claim to hav- ing more natural wonders and magnificent scen- ery within its bounds than any other spot fu the world, and a trip there is one that will never be forgotten. 1f you would like to join the party communicate at once with J. E. McDowell, Stan- ford University, or [. K. Stateler, general agent Northern Pacific Railway, 638 Market st, §. ¥. —_—————— The Swiftest Train in the West— 334 Days to Chicago or St. Louis— 4} Days to New York. The Santa Fe Limited has dining-car, buffet smoking-car und Poliman palace drawing-room sleepingcars. Leaving San Francisco at 6 ». . Mondays and Thursdays, connection is mads at Berstow with this handsome traln. Through cars to Chicago, both Pullman paiace drawing-room and modern upholstered tourist sleepers, run daily. Tickets also sold via Portiand, Ogden, Los Angeles, Deming or EI Paso to all points in the United States, Canada, Mexico or Europe. See time table In advertising column. San Francisco ticket office 644 Market streei, Chronicle bulld- ing. Telephone Main 1581 Oakland, 1118 Broadway. L e Rallroad Tickets to the East via Rle Grande Western and Denver and Rio Grande Railways, At lowest possible rates, with througn Pullman buffetand tourist sleeping car service every day. Personally conducted excursions leaving Tuesday, Wednesasy and Thursday. Only line permitlag stop-over at Salt Lake City on all classes of tickets Detailed information and tickets furnished w: 1& Montgomery street, or 314 Califormia stree: o CHRONIC constipation is a troublesome and dangerous disorder. The surest and safest remedy 1s Ayer's Cathartic Pills. e 1 affiioted with sore eyes use son's Eye Water. Druggis:s sell it at 35 centa. — e No less than $250,000 was realized by the Goncourt sale in Paris. Some of the Chinese and Japanese curiosities ferched compa: tively high prices—a vase surmounted by two dragons in rock crystal $300, anotner in green onyx $200, 8 mandarin's scepter $200, a black lacquer inkstand $400, s piece of Satsuma ware of the eighteenth century £300 and a china potof the same period $200 NEW TO-DAY. 3 | YOO NN N NI NN N RN NN R K of health and beauty will find both if they DRINK Blatz i D Ve) o Ladies of all ages can be benefited and Id ha- sten to call for Blatz and see that Blatz is on the cork. VAL BLATZ BREWING CO. Milwaukee, Wis., U. S, A. LOUIS CAHEN & SON, ‘Wholesale Dealers, 416-418 Sacramento St. : : b4 : § : i : % HNEN 4 % GROVE L. JOHNSON HASBEMOVED HIS LAW OFFICES FROM Sacramento to San Kiancisco and formed & partnership with Walter H. Linfoth and George . Whitaker, with oftices at 310 Pine st B S —