The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, August 2, 1896, Page 23

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 1896. 23 G gt ral Francis Walker G_e ne ~on Money An _lnt.e}ééting Book on the Question of . To-Day INTERNATIONAL BIMETALLISM, by Francls A, Wilter, Ph.., LL.D. [For by Doxey, Palace Holei: price $1 28.] Now that the peopie of the United States are fovolved in a Presidential campaign turn- ing mainly upon the long vexed problem of the remonetization of silver they will be as- sailed with instrugtions .on the subjeet from the press, from the stump and’ from & thou- | sand pamphleteers. It isto be a campaign of education, snd all inteiligent. Americans | knoy what that’ means. It is fortunate, | therefore, for those who wish to read intel- | ligible arguments on the great, issue and to | arrive at conclusions upon which they can | vote with satisfaction, that General Francis | Walker, president of the Massachusetts In- | stituté of Technology, has just' published a | summary of a series of lectures delivered by | him.at Harvard University on the subject. | The work bears the title “International Bi- | metsllism,” and-while throughly scientific in character,’is writtén in.'a style so simple and.clear itcanbe read and nndérstood with esse’by the aversge voter. 3 Tt did not require a Presidential election to raise” the comtroversy between bimetallists and monemetallists to & white heat. - It has beeniat that point ever since thé Bsring failure in Londof. removed the question from the domsin of speculative finance and made it a vital issue in the politics both of Europe and .of America. General Walker telis us that for a long time past popular misunderstanding of . the controversy has béen greatly incréssed by the bitterness and unfairness of the Eastern press. “Many pavers in other things respectable bave never ceased to denosnce those who favored the rehabilitation of silver as cranks, fanatics snd. lunatics. - Journals ordinarily decent and dignified have mever. given s single statement as to ‘what bimetallism is.and what bimetallists desire, from which a careful reader- conld form the faintest conception of that system.”. It is not, however, in Ameriea’only that- this unfair treatment has beexngiven to the question by the ‘monemet- General Walker quotesa statement 1894 by the Right Hon. Henry a member of the present British , ‘befofe the Scottish Chamber of dinburgh in which he said: “I :often it is very fortunate for ns that we do notlive in the dark ages, for I am quite ‘confident if we did we would have beer burned at the stake, if that were possi- ble, by.our monometallic opponents befors I could escape from Edinburgh.” in Léaving the bitterness of the controversy asidé, General. Walker proceeds to discuss ihe problem both as regards history and as existing financial condition. ience of money,” he poin out, has its rigin-in &.commission- appointed by the sh Gévernment in 1666 to reconstruct monetary systém of- that country. Up to hat tiihe all monetary JAws and regulations in ail European countries had been the out- reg: growth of the, ignorance and the bigotry of the ‘dark ages. In that British commission, however, the work was entrusted to four | omers, Montsgue, Lovke and New- tfon—who constituted one of the most intel- al groups-kmown to history. It was to t of these, Sir Isaac Newton, that we are indebted for the first announcement of the principle of bimetallism, and, while his recommendation was not aaopted by the Britistt_Goverriment,.it was never afterward 16st'sight of, and remaincd- & permanent con- tributioxf to the science of money. this appearance was not long maintained. The ratio of 1 to 15.6 was thrown overboard and that of 1 to 16 adopted. The bill was popularly known as the “Gold BilL.” Its ad- vocates were jubilant and aggressive and the purpose of overvaluing gold was announced. Only one result could follow. Silver then largely undervalued to a great extent left the country. The demonetization of silver by the German empire is attributed by General Walker more toa desire on the partof the leaders of that nation to injure France than to any consid- erations of sound financial policy. The de- monetization took place immediately after the close of the Franco-German war, when the payment of the heavy indemnity demanded by the conquerors had drained France of her coin, General Walker says: “It israther too much to ask us to believe that the sentiments of intense hatred and aversion which war always enkindles among the combatants found no shade of gratification in the pro- posal to strike what at that time se_emed a fatal blow at the financial prestige of France by destroying the system which had been set up by the great Napoleon himself only three years before Jena.” Of the means by whicn silver was deposed from its position as & standard money metal in this country General Walker says only: “While I am disposed to discredit the allega- tion of fraud and sinister motive so bitterly urged by the silver men, it not the less seems to me that they have & grievance. No man in & position of trust has & right to allow a measure of such importance to pass without calling attention sharply to it and making sure that its bearings are fully comprehended. And no man who did not know that the de- monetization of silver of the United States wes & measure of transcendent importance had sny right to be on such & committee or to put his hand to & bill which touched the coinage of a great country.” Coming down to the present time and to s consideration of the existing depression in | tride and industry, General Walker attributes most of the ‘“hard times” to the adoption of the single gold standard by the leading nations |'of the world. It does not matter, he says, whether we speak of it asa fall in the price of products or & rise in the price of gold, the meaning is the same. The producer has been | deprived of a large portion of the value of his product while his debts and the interest on them remains unchanged. Hence labor and the employers of labor are at & disadvan- tage as compared with the money-lender, and as & consequence enterprise is checked, indus- try paralyzed snd widespread destitution caused in every gold monometallic country. On this point is quoted the statement of Mr Balfour “that & slow appreciation of the | standard of value is probably the most be- numbing and deadening influence that can touch the springs of enierprise in a nation.” To & like effect is the conclusion of the distin- | guished Swiss economist, Professor Walras, { who says that a permanent condition of fall- | ing prices would give us a permanent state of | industrial crisis. Sir Robert Grifiin, au au- | thority.of equal eminence, adds: “An appreoi- | ation of the money of a country forced on by & Government is simply & measure for disabling | the productive powers of the people and mak- ing them poorer than they otherwise would | be.” | Though s stanch and earnest bimetallist, as his book attests, General Walker isnot s free silver coinage man of the Bryan type. He stands with the. Republican party in favor of international bimetalliSm, and says in the pretace to his work: “For us-to throw our- selves alone into the breach, simply because we think silver ought not to have been demon- etized and ought now to be restored, would be | & piece of Quixotism unworthy the sound prac- tical sense of our people. The remedy of the wrong must be sought in the concerted action of civilized states under an increasing convie- tion of the impolicy of basing the world's | trade upon a single-money metal.” { Whether this conclusion suits the reader will, of course, depend upon his political bias. The applicatien of the Newtonian theory | The issue has now become one of party peli- of bimetallism to practical use as s monetary | tics, and most men Will read the work with a system wes reserved for Napoleon. He put | prejudice on one side or the other. It is never- it into effect in Teorginizing the financial | {pejegs well worth the reading and the study system of France in 1803. In speaking of | of earnest men of both parties. It is the this decree Gemeral .Walkér says: “It Was | joqt Jearned, lucid and comprehensive work not only to beeome.and remain for the tWo | oy bimetallism that has been pnblished in generations ‘succeeding & power for good | gpything like a popular style; and amid the which can harly be estimated, but it Was t0 ! mags of partisan truck and trash that will give.rise to & monetary scheme of still [ yo0n be spread over the country the book will wider application which should command | pgve the value of an antidote to mental irri- the supportdf hosts of esonomists, financiers | tation ns well as being instructive in itself. and statesmen of the highest rank tbrough JOHN MCNAUGHT. the greatest monetary controversy of the o world’s history> STUDIES OF TREES. The priuciple of bimetallisi as applied by Fapoleon, and aperated in France from 1803 to | FAMILIAR TREES AND THEIR LEAVES, 1873:1s thus desoribed: ‘B declaring the | by F. %cn:g;:wgr:x(:%ws.Félrlfix‘rea;«yd.“_J[“\’:; two metals -indifferently. leggl tender in the | = " s b - ent of debts at a certain ratio, it at| DO Faiace Hotht, Sxtoe ST 153 e powerfully influences the demand for | In his preface to thisattractive book, “Fa- the one and the otler of the two metals. This | miliar Trees and Their Leaves,” the author wes ‘what France did by the law of 1803. Thaf law gave an. ounce.of gold in coined money precisely the same power to pay debts s tliat possessed by 1534 ounces of silver in ¢oined money. The operation of this princi- ple was simple, imstantaneous, automatic. I siany time either of the two metals became less valuable than by the legal ratio, every | debtor instinctively sought comn of that metal with which to meet his obligations in preference to coin of the other metal. This | says: “Possibly there are some of us who may | not think that a leaf is & thing of beauty. We | are prone to use the expression, ‘Nothing but | leaves,” as though leaves were the worthless, | homely and uninteresting things of an other- wise beautiful crestion. They’ certainly are | common, but they are far from commonplace. 1f we doubt this let us try to draw or painta single leaf. Only a great artist can de | of some one of its manifold truths. One may draw ever 5o well, and yet he cannot tell with * wanted the dearer. metal to pay debts with; - mops- economic effect. “because the Freuch- Government declared | information they never dreamed of about increased the demand for the cheaper metal | the pencil or the brush all the truth and and by thet very act decreased the demand | beauty of one leaf.”” for the metal which wis becoming dearer in | It will be seen from this brief extract from the market. Now to increase demand is|an eloguent preface that we have the work of othéf things being equal, to raise price; |an enthusiast before us; and a study of the while -to decrease demand s, other | psges will show that the task of describing things being equal, to lower price. | and picturing the leaves of our trees has been ‘Thus through .its power to regulate | done with care and exactness as well as with the psyment of indebtedness the Gov-|loveandardor. Mr. Mathews says: “I have ernment practically threw its weight | ventured to draw the trees and their leaves upon ‘that one of the two metals which | justaslhave found them. My two hundred tended to. rise.and kept it down. No one | and odd sketches were all taken from nature and only sixty of them from pressed speci- every ohe wanted the cheaper metal for that | mens, which werc obtained in the Harverd purpose; and since the volume of indebted- | Botanic Garden.” As & result of this study pess’ coming due every day in any commer- | direct from nature we have the true leaf of cial country is very large the force thus | each tree portrayed and not the conventional {nvoked was sufficient to produce an enor- | leaf as it appears to the average observer. It was not =t ail } Most readers of the book will find a world of that one part of gold should be worth fifteen | leaves that have long been familiar to them. &nd a half parts ot silver that this result took | The study will'open to them new sources of : place, but * Atthal time, because the krench Government Set in.motion competent economic forces to that ena.” - The reasons that bimetallism did notsucceed n this country as well as in France are two. " First, the business of the United States isdone largely with bank notes and is not ‘‘sat- urated” with coinas in the business of France, and consequently the demand for either sil- ver or gold is not sufficient to keep up the | pricé in a falling market. Second, because ‘the , bimetallic ‘law has never been fairly tested in the United States. Genmeral Walker | cleims that Hamilton in fixing the ratio of coinage of the United States in 1782 at 15 of _silyer fo 17of gola deliberately underrated goldl, with the intention of letting gold go vut of the country, as less suited than silver -.to the immediafe wants and occasions of the American people in that stage of their com- * mercial and industrial development. . If -bimetallism was not fairly tried in the Uadted States by the act of 1792, still less | feir was the test made by the act of 1834. _says General Walker, the public mind- of this country was agitated by the ‘discovery of gold mines of unknown value in Georgie, North Carolina and elsewhere in ."" e Appalachian range. There was thus cre- ted a particular and local interest which -2 demanded that gold be favored in the eoin- age, just as forty years later a particnlar | and local interest demanded legislation to “ promote the use of silver. The bill of 1834 "15.6 In this form as first introduced made the two ratios ap- proximately that of the market, namely 1 to the measure was appa- rently in the interest of bimetallism. Even pleasure in every tree eround their houses, | and prove interesting as well as instructive. | The tllustrations are good and the work is supplemented by a systematical index of the | names of trees of the Eastern United States, including the botanical names according to | Asa Gray and C. 8. Sargent. NO FOOL LIKE AN OLD FOOL. GREEN GATES: AN ANALYSIS OF FOOLISH- ~Ess—By Katherine M. C. Meredith. [New York: D. Appleton & Co., publighers. For sale by Wililam Doxey; price $1 25.) Here we have an analysis, not of foolishness in general but of a particular case and phase of foolishness. Other characters in the book may have their follies; but James Qldfield, bachelor, aged 40, selfish, cultivated, peculiar, 1; lover of books, a stranger to sffairs of the heart, somewhat of & sportsman, is the fool study. He is dissatisfied with his past, and at 40 he is suddenly led to sigh for routh long | gone, for he hears a laughing voice that re- | minds him of Turkish music, and that voice, that contains melancholy rather than merri- ment, changes Oldfield’s whole life and makes a fool of him. The owner of that voice 1s Miss Tony Jones, a little, saucy, crippled girl of 18, who has just returned from a long suay in Paris. “Green Gates” is the Jomes' country seat near |New York. At first shot Oldfieid’s analysis of the girl 18 that sne has | “all that wins, all that is plaintive, un- usual, odd, *enigmatic in woman, alone with something which is perhaps wrong.” + Oldfield has 8 young iriend, Thaddeus Hicks, ONAL BIMETALLISM who is intent on marrying Tony, and he fear the combination would be dangerous for field under the girl’s magic spell, and now Hicks has a secret and jealous rival in Old- field, who finds it difficult toscreen his feelings. Tony laughs at the love suit of Hicks. She laughs at the attentions of Oldfield. She chat- ters to both about a tnird person who is a bad man already married and whom she calls her Jabberwock. This is & joke to Hicks, but & serious matter to the old bachelor. A ball is given in Tony’s honor. At midnight she sud- denly disappears from the dance hall. Old- field has been studying certain strange sig- nals. He follows the girl and prevents an escapade. The Jabberwock is in waiting ina cab, and Tony had plainly been on the way to the devil when overtaken by the old bachelor. She is permitted tohave a farewell talk with the Jabberwock and then returns home. But Tony is now taken ifl a1d dies. Life hed nothing more for her, anyhow, she had said. The doc- tors said her demise was due to a brain malady. Oldfield alone knew the cause, but he keeps to himself the secret of the suicide. He had been deeply in love with Tony, and couldn’t tell why. Her death leads him to specula- tions on immortality and heaven and God. Why had he loved a little brown, reckless girl, who had suffered pain which haa finally grown too big for her small heart and brain? The whole thing resolves itself down to & be- lief that the more staid and circumspect the elderly hegrt has been, the more of & fool heart 1t is capable of becoming. Hicks thinks fora few days that he is broken-hearted, and Hicks. His solicitation for Hicks prings Ola- | protection by appealing to the religious sense of the men around her. This plan works well until she accidentally drops her telltale cigarette-box, and then a leader of the camp tells her the gameis up. He sendsfora clergy- men and wants her to marry him and become the queen of the camp. She is in a terrible predicament. Her victuals are drugged soon after, and, as she feels & faintnessstealing over her she calls to a dwarf Who waits upon her | and implores him to save her. He thereafter drugs the food of the men and puts the camp 10 sleep, whereupon he takeshorses and speeds away with the woman to Vancouver and friends. The experience of & week worked a change in the world-wise woman, who “knew now that never again could she see a man de- graded from man’sestate without knowing that woman might have held him up; nay, rather, exalted him, had woman been pure enough to do the work that she was given to do.” ENGLISH IN AMERICAN SCHOOLS. TEACHING THE LANGUAGE-ARTS—By B. A. Hinsdale, Pb.D.. . [New York: D. Appleton & Co., publishers. For sale by Willlam Doxey; cloth, price $1.] Professor Hinsdale’s volume is a valuable addition to the International Educational Series. Heholdsthat improvement is notonly attainable, but decidedly necessary in the teaching (particularly of English) in our schools of to-day. His present work is the re- sult of practical experience and it has been matured by reflection. The author lays stress on imitation in teaching the language-srts; insisting upon good models and emphasizing the need of practice under suitable correction. Proficlency in baseball and other athletic sports is not acquired by studying rules print- ed in books devoted to athletics, but by practice. A Harvard College committee, hay- ing in mind the same principle, has sai wherein their educational value lies, and, sec- ondly, to point out their relations to the lan- guage-arts. The teaching of literature and the functions of criticism in the language-arts also receives merited attention. THE WHITE METAL. SILVER; ITs TRUE PLACE IN THE CIRCULA- TION—By J. W. Treadwell. [San Francisco; Hart- well, Mitchell & Willls, publishers: pamphlet, price 10 cents.] In this little work Mr. Treadwell treats the silver question from the plane of known facts of currency in every part of the world, dealing with the problem on the well-known method followed by the Bank of France and also by the Government of Switzerland. His solution is that if paper money be removed, there will be created in the currency of every nation a vacuum, into which silver will flow, and that the demand for silvet to fill that vacuum will be so greatas to raise silver to par. CURRENT MAGAZINES. FRANK LESLIE'S POPULAR MONTHLY. «“Cuba’s Strugele for Liberty” is the subject of a fully illustrated article in Frank Leslie’s Popular Monthly for August. It is written by | Fidel G. Pierre, one of tne leading spirits of the Cuban delegation in New York, and con- tains portraits of Generals Gomez, Maceo, Marti, Carillo, Sanchez, Garcia, Rodriguez and Palma and some interesting views. Another The “Lark” Poster for August, Drawn and Cut on Wood by Miss Florence Lundborg tells his friends how sad he fs; but Oldfield, even after he has gone back to his books, often steals out in secret to be- stow care on Tony’s gravs, and he takes pains to fling aside such flowers as he thinks were put on the mound by the Jabberwock. The story is out of the usual order, cleverly writ- ten, and not at all tiresome, although the reader would certainly have just as much ap- preciation for the story ii the author had neglected to run in the catalogue of Oldfield’s library toward the close. A GOOD WOMANS INFLUENCE IN THE WORLD. THE MADONNA OF A DAY—By L. Dongall. [New York: D. Appleion & Co., publishers. For sale by William Doxey; paper, price 50 cents. | Here is a novel with & moral to it. woman starts East from Vancouver and walks off the train in her sleep. She is brought to her senses in a bank of snow, and then she travels to the nearest habitation, which is a rough mining camp filled with desperate, law- less characters. Before commencing the train journey just referred to, the heroine drinksa brandy and soda with some men, and then argues with & missionary that the world would be better off without so much religion. She is & woman of the modern school and somewhat of & journalist. The-camp ot men hadn’t been visited by 8 woman in an age before. Harm might have come to the heroine, only that her sudden appearance there in such beautiful garb as she wore awoke the slumbering superstitions of some of the men, who had an idea that she was the Madonna. This bellef being exploded, she conceived the idea of winning sympathy and A young “It is only through similar, daily and incessant practice that the degree of facility in writing the mother-tongue is acquired which always enables the student or adult to use itasa tool inhis work.” The author remarks that there is a great difference between set formal exercises in any art 8s an end in itselt and the habitual use of the same art as a means or instrument to accomplish some other end. For instance, what a difference there is between the writing children putin their copy- books and that which they put into their familiar letters. Nothing but plenty of writ- ing, non-formal and extemporaneous, under a the student’s specific skill and formal skill. More extemporaneous composition is needed in the schools. The Lindley Murray view of grammar is held to be mainly false, and sentence analysis is now taking the place of parsing. The aims and purposes of this excellent work are briefly set down as follows: First—To state fully and illustrate clearly the principles that underlie all practical lan- guage culture, whetherit assumes the form of speech, reading or composition. Second—To emphasize the value of such cul- ture—the education that grows directly out of the use and study of the vernacular. Third—To present to teachers some methods and devices that, intelligently followed, will enable them tocarry on the child’s instruction in the language-arts in harmony with the un- derlying principles. These methods and de- vices cover in a general way the whole field up to the college; they even touch the college and reach far into the field of self-cultivation. Fourth—To discuss grammar and rhetoric with a double purpose: first, to determine moderate tension of criticism, will transmute | feature of this number is an erticle on the Christian Endeavor Society by Rev. Francis E. | Clark, its president and founder, with many | attractive iliustrations. The Lee series is con- tinued with the first of two papers on General | Lee's part in the battle of Gettysburg by | Colonel John J. Garnett, Confederate Artillery. GODEY'S. Godey’s Magazine for August contains much entertaining summer reading. Half a dozen pieces of fiction in es many Keys give a very readable variety in that line, and something stranger than fiction is told in Albert L. Parkes’ | anecdotes of Anna Bishop in the series of “Great Singers of This Century.”” It seems that this prima donna was under the control of M. Bochsa, the harpist and musical director, in much the same way that Trilby, the tone- deaf, was dominsted by Svengali in the story, and there is said to be reason to suppose that her career suggested this pert of Du Maurier’s novel. “Some Armenian Notables” gives many unfamiliar and interesting facts in regard to the ill-treated nation of Asia Minor and its greatest men and women. M'CLURE'S MAGAZINE, The August McClure’s is the “Midsummer Fiction Number.”” Octave Thanet contributes a strong story of Western life; Stephen Crane relates a dramatic episode in the later life of the hero of “The Red Badge of Courage”; Clinton Ross tells & booming battle story, based on Perry’s historic victory on Lake Erie; E. M. Thomson tells a humorous tal2 of the Canadian fishermen; and Annie Eliot de- scribes & double love episode in a Yale and Harvard boat-race. It is notoften that five really good stories, as these certainly are, get into a single msgazine.}§Then, in addition, ( STORIES OF DISTINGUISHED PETS Kate Sanborn Animals Writes '.o'f'., there is in this number a fairly “stunning” installment of Anthony Hope’s new romance, “‘Phroso.” HARPER'S. In Harper's Magazine for the current month the special features are: “The White Mr. Longfellow,” by William Dean Howells; a poem by F. Whitmore; ‘“‘Peeps Into Barbary,” by J. E. Budgett Meakin; “The Strange Days That Came to Jimmie Friday,” by Frederick Remington; “Doorstep Neighbors,” by W. Hamilton Gibson. The number contains the first of & two-part story by Mark Twain, enti- tled ““Tom Sawyer, Detective,” illustrated by A. B. Frost; the second installment of Lang- don Elwin Mitchell’s novelette, “Two Mor- mons From Muddlety; *five short stories, and a fine dramatic poem by Lauremce Alms Ta- dema, entitled “The Silent Volce,” with fllas- trations by E. A. Abbey. The August Harper's is fully up to the standard of that excellent publication. ST. NICHOLAS. The midsummer holidey season is fully ob- served in St. Nicholas. *“An August Outing” is a full-page picture drawn by M. O. Kobbe, and I. W. Taber sets forth the Minuet at “The Grasshoppers’ Ball.” “The Little Duchess and the Lion-Tamer” is a Russian story by Fanny Locke Mackenzie, telling how a brave and quick-witted child saved the Czar from assas- sination. Ernest Ingersoll, in “The Tricks of Torpedo Boats,” describes the night prac- tice of these dangerous little craft when they are maneuvered against the great batile-ships. Harry M. Lay shows the possibilities of “A Sand-Pile” in the way of | furnishing subjects for realistic photographs. He had a pile of sand in the yard of his city home and with the aid of toy soldiers, horses and cannon made the most surprising battle- scenes. Two papers are fullof kindly remi- niscences ana anecdotes of Eugene Field, the chiidren’s poet. They are written by Mary J. Reid and Henrietta Dexter Field and Martha Nelson Yenowine. THE CENTURY. The midsummer holiday (August) Century makes its appearance in a distinctive cover. The opening paper, “‘An Islana Without Death,” by Miss E. R. Scidmore, the author | of “Jinrikisha Days, gives an account of & visit to Miyajims, a' sacred island in the Inland Ses, one of the three great sights of Japan. A paper on “The Viceroy Li Hung Chang” is contributed by the Hon. John W. Foster, who, it will be remembered, was lately confidential adviser to the Emperor of China, and in that capacity accompanied the Viceroy to Japan, where the treatv of Shimonoseki was negotiated. General Foster, who is to be the host of Li Hung Chang in September, and | is ome of his most intimate friends, by | this relation and by Intimate experience of | Chinese affairs, has had unique facilities for the preparation of this paer. There is printed the first of & group of articles from the jour- | nals of the late E. J. Glave, who crossed Africa in the service of the Century in exploration of the slave trade. The article deals principally | with “British Raids on the Slave-Traders,” and | is tully illustrated with photographs ana draw- | ings by the author. Among other features are | four short stories—one of life in the Chinese | quarter of San Francisco, by Chester Bailey | Fernald; one of a Minnesota frontier town, by Marion sanville Pope; one of the Maine woods, by Thomas Wentworth Higginson, and oneof the New Orleans Creoles, by Kate Chopin. SCRIBNER'S. The fiction number of Scribner’s Magazine contains six short stories and a little comedy, | in addition to several special articles of wide popular interest, including the first paperin | A. F. Jaccaci’s picturesque account of his journey “On the Trail of Don Quixote,” and Mrs. Alice Morse Earle’s “Old Gardens,” de- scribing the old-fashioned flower-gardens that still persist in some New England villages. Artistically, this issue contains several novel features. Virgie, the great French illustrator, seldom seen in periodicals, has made twenty- five drawings for the Don Quixote article. Miss Cecilia Beaux, an American painter who has achieved distinction also in France, fur- nishes the frontispiece of this number—her first illustration for any magazine. Orson | Lowell, whose reputation has been made as an illnstrator by his work in this magazine, has | made numerous unique drawings to accom- pany a brilliant little play by Annie Eliot called “As Strangers.” The cover, printed in twelve colors, is from a drawing by Will H. Low, and is very elaborate. LIPPINCOIT'S. The complete novel in the Augnst Lippin- cott’sis *The Great K. & A. Train Robbery,” by Paul Leicester Ford. The scene shifts from one part of the West to another; the action has some rapid and surprsing turns, espe- cially when the actors are considered; and the result is a readable and lively narrative. Clarinda Pendleton Lamar is evidently at home “In Louisa County,” and writes with full knowledge and affection. Her story brings vividly before us the raral Virginia of old, with its hospitality, its unworldliness, its primitive and peenliar charm. “Golden-Rod and Asters,” by Neith Boyce, is a tale of youth renewed after a long iuterval, and of middle- aged reunion. George Montbard, a French art- ist in London, tells of “A Narrow Es- cape” which he and & comrade had during the Franco-Prussian war, the result of a rash adventure on the outposts. “Heraldry in America’’ may appear to many an unpromising subject, but Eugene Zieber has much to say in exposition, defense and praise of it. Rhoda Gale writss of “Immigration Evils” and sus- tains her argument by figures and facts. The poetry of the number consists of a sonnet by John B. Tabb and quatrains by Edith M. Thomas, Clsrence Urmy and Arthur W. Atk- inson. THE ARENA. All lovers of Whittier, and for the matter of that, all who love a beautiful life, will be in- terested in the article in the August Arena en- titled “Whittier—The Man.” This article is one of a series on Whittier by the eaitor, B. O. Flower. Amongother features of the Arenaare: “Bibliography of Literature, dealing with the Land Question,” by Thomas E. Will, A.M; “Is the West Discontented?”’ by John E. Bennett; | “Club Life versus Home Li by G.S. Craw- ford; *A Social Settlement,” by Annie L. Muz- ‘Annie E. Cheney; “The Conyict Question,” by J. Kellogg; “Ethics the Only Basis of Religion,” by R. B. Marsh, M.A.; “Associated Effort and Its Influence on Human Progress,” by M. L. Holbrook, M.D.; “Philosophers Afloat,’ by | Helen H. Gardener. 7 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN. To commemorate the conclusion of fifty years’ service in the departments of art, science, mechanics and cnemistry, Munn & Co., the proprietors of the Scientific American, have issued an ammiversary number of their journal. The number contains valuable matter of more than ordinary interest to the average reader. Full reports are published of the ad- vance made during the past five decades in ship-building, railroads, engineering, tele- graph and cable laying, as well as in inven- tions that have had more recent birth, as the Dbicyele and the newer photographic processes. A feature is made of an essay entitled, “The Progress of Invention During the Past Fifty Years.” This gained the prize of $250 offered by the proprietors of the Scientific American. Its author is Edward M. Byrn of Washington, D. C.,and it forms a remarkably comprehen- sive statement of the subject. In France a third edition has already been called for of Albert Vandal's work, “Louis XV et Elisabeth de Russie.” The volume is an ex- haustive study of the relations between France and Russia in the eighteenth century. Itmay be added that it has been “crowned” by the French Academy. £ | gush of the holiest and purest feeling that ever | vears’ absence, to that of the dog Nero, “My L‘iterarg Zoo'ls a Charming Fireside Compa,r\ior\‘vf i MY LITERARY 2Z0O. [New York: D. Apple ton & Co., publishers. For sale by Doxey ; clot price 76 cents.] The world has not seen him yet, ‘Who has not loved a pet. A compilation of stories and saneedotes framed about the dumib favorites of distin- - guished men and women of all ages, s well 85 a reproduction of various tributes to insects, birds and animals which have been written . * about with love, pity or admiration, must aps peal to the fancy of evéry lover of pets and will find favor with evéry one interested in, hearing recalled the many noteworthy instan ces of affection between the lower order af animals and their owners. Ip her pléasing work, “My Literary Zoo,” Miss Kate Sanborn has covered a wide range of iiterature, history and biography, and the result of her labor is certainly praiseworthy. Of course the reader , meets & host of old familiars, but he finds them in new company and in new envirénments, and the meeting hasfresh charms, Such a book ought to be a fireside treasure. Miss San.’ Dorn’s own bright comments are not the least readable portions of the volume. Sne has,, | figuratively speaking, lifted the pet dogs and" cats of literature out of the books in which they grew famous and piaced them Side by side, as in a great exhibition, with a placard’ depending from the collar 6f each canite, or’ feline to inform the spectators of the peculia® title to celebrity boasted by each parwfcular auimal of the show. Dogs and vats occupy* the iargest part of the work. -4 There are passing references to the ‘fiéld- favorites of the poet Burns: -to Wordswort! preaching donkey; to the benevolent speech of dear Uncle Toby -in “Tristram Shaundy*’ to the overgrown bluebottle fly; to the Greek grasshoppers that made music to the éar of Socrates; to Bruce and the spider, and to.the facts that cackling geese saved Rome; that Virgil amused his leisuré hours with a°gnaf, and that Homer made pets of frogs and mice, In the few pages devoted to the horsg are quoted poems to pet steeds by Lord-Erskine : . and Bayard Taylor, and this pathetic dnecs ~ dote of a_great British statesman, s told by Edward Everett: S In the decline of his life, when living in'-retire- ment on his farm at Beaconsfield, the ramér went up to London that Edmund Burke had gone mad, and went round his park kissing” his cowg and, . horses. His only son had died not long before,, leaving a petted horse, which had been tupned into the park an d treated as a privileged favorite. Mr. Burke, in bis morning watks, wouid often. stop to caress the animal. On ome ocasion the horse recognized Mr: Burke from & diltances and coming nearer and nearer, eyed him with a most pleading look of recognition and. seid, as plainly as words comd have sald, “L * have los: him, too!” and then the poor dumb beast deliberately laid his head on Mr. Burke's bosom. Overwhelmed by the tenderness of the animal, expressed 1n the mute e oquedce of holy nature’s universal language, the filustrious states- man for a moment lost his self-possession, and, clasping his arms_around - his son’s favorite -ani- mal, lifted up that voice which had caused the arches of Westminster Hall to echo the noblest strains that sounced within them, and wept * aloud. Burke is gone: but, sir, 50 hola me Leaven, it I were called upon to aesignate the event or the period in Burke's life that would best sustaln a charge of insanity, it would not be when, in a stirred the human heart, he wept aloud on the neck ot.a dead son’s favorite horse. “We long for an affection altogether ignge rant of our faults,” says George Eliot. “Heaven has accorded this to us in the uncritical canine attachment.”” And so we listen again o sto. ries of affection between dogs and their mas ters, from thatof the dog Argus, which died of joy on the return of Ulysses after- twenty ‘which Bismarck honored with a formsl funeral. . Miss Sanborn does not neglget to refresh the memory of her reader with the historical facts that Egyptians held the dog in adorationasa representative of one of the celestialsigns; that the Indians considered him one of the secred forms of their deities; that the dog is placed at the feet of women in monuments to symbolize affection and fidelity; and that manyof tLe * Crusaders are represented with their feet.on a dog, to show that they followed the standard of the Lord as a dog follows the footsteps of his master. In this literary “200” we find Arthur's dog ¢ Cavall alongside of Dora’s dog Jip; and Doug- Inss’ dog Luffra, from the “Lady of the Lake,” - has a place near Landseer’s dog ‘Brutus, painted as the “Invader of the Larder.” Then * there is Katmir, the dog of the Seven Sleevers; Barry, the St. Bernard dog which saved forty human beings, and Sir Isaac Newton's dog . Diamond, which by overturning a candle, dg+ stroyed a wealth of preeious manuseript. Many poetical tributes Yo dogs by great writers are quoted, such as those from the pen of Mrs. Browning, Lord Byron, Words. ' .- worth, Cowper, Spencer and Matthew Arnold. The author and compiler observes that wrile public sentiment is not so unanimously in favor of cats, yet they have thieir warm ade mirers, while in Egypt they were worshiped 5 an emblem of the moon. ‘When a cat died the owners gave the pody a showy funeral, went into mourning and shaved off their eye. brows. Diodorus tells of a Roman soldier who , was condemned to death for killing acat. It is said that Cambyses, King of Persia, whenha * went to fight the Egyptians, fastencd before every soldier’s breast a live cat, and their ene- mies dared not run the risk of hurting their. - sacred pets, and so were conquered.” . We are told that artists, monarchs, poets, diplomatists, religious leaders, authors have all condescended to cere for cats, aml that & - mere list of their names would make a big book. For instance, to quote Miss Sanborn : Godefrot Mind, a German artist, was called ¢ «Raphael of Cats.” People would hunt up m his *, attic and pay large prices for his pictures In the long winter evenin:s he amused himself by carv- ing tiny cats out of chestnuts and could not make them fast enough for those who wanted to buy. Mohammed was so fond of his cat Muezza thag once, when she was sleeping on his sleeve, he cut off the sleeve rather than disturb her. Andrew Dorla, one of the rulers of Venice, not only had a * rirait painted of his pet cat, but after her death er skeleton preserved as a treasure. Riches lieu's special favorite was a splendid Angors, his resting-place being the table covered with State papers. Montaigne used to rest himself by a frolia with his cat. Fontenelte liked {0 place his “Tom” in an armchair and deliver an oration before him, The cat of Cardinal Wolsey sat by his side when he recelved Princes, and Petrarch hsa his pet feline emba'med and placed in his apartment. Miss Sanporn cannot help remarking thatthe idea of the cat being the pet of old maidg alone is far from true. Even so dignified a personage as Pope Plus IX isshown to have | allowed his cat to sit with him at table, wait- ing his turn to be fed in & most decorous. .- manner. There are numerous extracts from poets and authors who have devoted stanzas and periods to cats, and the pages are alr full of interest. It would be pleasant to believe it wasa, proof of a good and tender nature to delight in pets,” observes Miss Sanborn, ‘‘but men and women notorious for cruelty and bad lives have been devoted to them,lavishing tenders * ness elsewhere denied.” e —————— . All of Rudyard Kipling’s poems and stories— and, for that matter, the poems and stories of other distingnished English authors—are copy- righted in thfs country, and their quotation in newspapers or elsewhere is a violation of the copyright law, carrying serious penalties, e e Do not fall to read Thomas Siater's advertise. ment on page 29 for men.