The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, September 15, 1895, Page 22

2 2 THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1895. SUMMER BUTTERFLIES, Fashion’s Shifting Moods De- clare the Beautiful To-Day Horrid To-Morrow. DRESS, PAST AND PRESENT. What Woman’s Apparel Has to Do With Choice of Vocation—Some Fashion Notes for Men. All newspaperdom has gone daft on the subject of female attire. When would-be witty editors and news-hungry reporters want to ring in a change on the new woman, they make up the bloomer girl in all her known and unknown phases. I wonder if there is a paper in this country, from the large daily spreadeagle that de- votes from two to four pages in its Sunday edition, with slighter daily sprinklings, to the little one-sheet Bungtown Bugle, with its silly slurs and sillier sober con- siderations of the much-talked-of female, that has not discussed the new woman and what she is wearing. Nowadays, when we pick up a paper, be- fore glancing at the foreign news, the latest ideas on silver or even the last wedding, Style of 1700. divorce, murder or suicide, we mechan- ically turn to see what form and aspect the brilliant cartoonist has by this time given to the coming creature. However, growing rather tired of these resent date newspaper heroines, I have een comparing notes on both sides of the sex line. In looking over old fashion- books I find that men’sfashions and freaks have been as extreme and erratic as women’s. Going back as far as our great- grandfathers one sees how much the styles of men and women resemble or in some way follow the same 1deas. Inillustration No. 1 they are both *‘all of a size” from head to foot, were the man a little more elaborate as to shoulders. In No.2 our great-grandfather and our grandmother are in the evening attire of their respec- tive generations. Which is more ridicu- lous, the comical pointed hat,the dark blue velvet long-tailed coat, with lace shirt frills and wrist ruffles, the yellow satin knee breeches, the purple silk hose, the patent leatherslippers, with their diamond Style of 1776-1796. buckles, of our great grandfather or the “isky-scraper” bohnet with its drooping ink or blue feathers, the balloon-shaped, {)erufiied and betucked petticoats, the pinched waist, which could be spanned by a man’s two hands, and paper-soled slip- pers of our grandmother? Coming on down, through changes, from one extreme to another, to the opening of the Civil War, when “inflation”” was the rule in all our affairs, public and private, we have the big hoopskirts of the ladies and their companion piece, the flaring coattails of the gentlemen. Followin3 upon the end of the war, which brought ‘‘contraction” all over the land, the pre- vailing style among women was the “tie- back’” and among men the tight panta- loons—so tight about the knees that “Chawlie boy” would rather lean up against the fence than be compelled to sit down. There is not room in this article to illus- trate many of the vagaries of fashion as handed down to us; but we find that neither sex has discovered a style that is “Inflation,” 1860. at once beautiful, practical and comforta- e. In 1892 the big puffed sleeves for women and the baggy pants for men made their first appearance. (No.5.) But nothing in all the fashion-plates can excel in real ugliness the three figures in No. 6 and tbeir utter absence of the truly artistic, the originals of which we see daily in our |, streets. So far in the history of civilized dress men have had the advantage of women in comfort and general convenience. As to beauty, as we have come to regard it, women have been supposed to have the advantage. The ideal of beauty, however. differs in different nations. In China the Jittle cramped foot of the helpless females isan object of beauty. In Abyssinia the fattest woman is the highest type of female loveliness, while in the Congo the blackest is the fairest to look upon. Much depends upon the opinion of American men as to whether American women are to dress more sensibly and comfortably in the future. For this rea- son women who believe in dress reform re- joice that so many men of good judgment lavor the bloomers for the bicycle. The day is not far distant when a picture of a woman in the present style of sleeve and skirt will make us/wonder that such heathenish, bealth-destroying garments were ever acceptable to sane people. By health-destroying i mean the tax on eveiy fashionable woman’s nerves to keep her sleeves in perfect order and the damage t» the vital organs from heavily boned an¢ “loaded” voluminous skirts, falling ag ;bey do with their whole weight from the ips. he woman who wears the fullest and | neaviest skirts scoffs the loudest at the idea of their being injurious, but she for- gets when she tells us how tired she is after a short walk that we may draw a conclusion of our own from _this self-same skirt. No man living could be induced to wear one a week. And there are afew women who have had the courage to ignore the fashion and never put one on; but I am sorry to say they are sadly in the mi- nority. Women can never be able to compete with men in any business until they have the good sense to dress comfortably. Itis not so much a difference in physical force as the difference in dress and habits that prevents women from doing the business of men. While their heads are weighted down with the absurd millinery of the day, their hands incased in skin-tight gloves, their feet pinched into shoes too tight to admit of a quick, easy gait, their spine surained and aching from heavy skirts (and too many of them), their waist and lungs com- pressed by tight corsets, they need never = Contraction” Style of 1865. expect to be able to compete with men in any business. While women are slaves of fashion—as men contend they are-—there is little hope of political or industrial emancipation. After a serious contemplation of all this it is a relief to turn to the bloomer girl No. 7 and her generous brother, who takes her by the hand and welcomes her into a freedom of which woman has never before dared to dream. All sensible, progressive women—and men, too—hail the advent of the bicycle, not only as a source of health- ful amusement, but as an emancipator of woman from the thralldom of fashionable dress. They are convinced that the influ- ence of the bicycle is far more puissant than all the dress-reform agitation that has been going on for fifty years. Bloomer, who first wore the reform dress would rejoice to see on every country road and city street the once despised garments with which she hoped to benefit her sex. Style of 1892. vears longer to see the success of the bloomer. Sne died only a little over a year ago. It is not too much to prophesy that, through the influence of this noiseless little machine s very few vears from now women sweeping the dirty streets and carrying the filth of the sidewalks into their homes. Men discovered that fianing coat-tails were an inconvenience on the bicycle, and they were discarded for the roundabout and the sweater. Women are learning that long skirts are not only inconvenient but dangerous, and the obljectionnble gar- ment must go, and the bloomer provesa most acceptable substitute. In this prac- tical age we care nothing for reform unless it can be brought into practical use; hence the bicycle has come to be the best teacher of dress reform, doing more than all the dress reformers, health-corset colporteurs or equal-rights conventions in accomplish- Style of 1894-5. ing the desired result. The bicycle dress, having given women a taste of sensible, comfortable gowning, the bloomer or some similarly free habit of dress will be adopted for general use. There is at least a fair prospect that through this innovation they will learn to dress sensibly, comfortably and beautifully on all occasions. As to the modesty, which is worrying so many old dowagers, that, like beauty, is, as far as dress is concerned, upon an arti- ficial standard, susceptible to great variety of opinion. The lady who would not be seen in bloomers may appear in the ball- room in a costume conspicuous for its brev- ity oftbodice that would shock the delicate sensibilities of the little woman doctor who “bikes” about in her sober-colored bloom- ers. Another lady, not too modest to talk 80 loud in the street-cars as to attract the attention of all the passengers, declares in shrillest tones that she ‘“‘would not be caught dead with those horrid bloomers at the very time she is wearing a man’s hat, a man’s four-in-hand tie, a The New Man and the New Woman. man’s shirtiront, laundered up the style of her brother’s, and chewing gum. Still another declares it ‘‘unladylike and im- modest” to ride a wheel, but grows elo- quent describing the fine times she had in her Eastern home tobogganing with her sweetheart. It isall a matter of personal taste (or prejudice) and education. Modesty has nothing to do with it. The modest man or woman is modest any- where, and vice versa. Fashion Notes for Men. The four-in-hand tie is the most fash- ionable, but it must be tied by the wearer, | any article requiring the touch of deft and will actually be able to walk without | | | skillful fingers being considered elegant. These_ties come in brilliant brocades of both delicate and pronounced design, but black is and always will be popular. American men, particularly New York- ers, are rapidly acquiring the art of cre- ating their own fashions without being chained down to European fashions. What is worn and adopted as fashionable in New York Is as often accepted as a set fashion as the fashions set by society leaders in Paris and London. Gentlemen's walking sticks are made to be useful as well as ornamental. From one a silk umbrella can be drawn and screwed to the stick. Another contains measure for the height of borses, and hasa spirit-level attachment. Still another has areceptacle for nickels and pennies, a con- venience for those who ride in streetcars and cross ferries. Another beautifully carved and quaintly shaped stick comes with a perfectly constructed little watch set in a crystal handle. % The question of gloves for men is amuch discussed one at present. 1f a man have a presentable, well-kept hand it is good form to leave it uncovered; and gentlemen, when presenting themselves on ceremoni- ous occasions with gloves on, are allowed to remove them at their pleasure. As to color. pearl tinted, with self-stitching, ac- company full evening dress, but the law governing gloves is not arbitrary, great freedom as to color and, as a matter of fact, wearing them at all, being granted more and more. AvLicE Moore McCoxas. Copyrighted, 1895, by R. Garner Curran. INSTITUTE CONVENTION, The Annual Grand Council of the Y. M. I. Opens Monday at Vallejo. Grand Secretary Stanley Reports a Prosperous Year—Names of Delegates. All arrangements for the annual conven- tion of the Pacific Coast jurisdiction of the Young Men’s Institute have been com- pleted and enough is known in advance to justify the belief that the gathering of Catholic young men from all over the coast will be one of the most successful Mrs. | events in the institute’s history. The convention will assemble at Vallejo and for whom this costume is named, | Monday morning and will not adjourn until the following Saturday. In this City the grand secretary, George A. Stanley, It is too bad she could not have lived a few | has been busy over reports. The list of representatives at the Grand Council is as follows: Past Grand_Presidents J. J. McDade, J. F. sullivan, J. F. Smith, C. P. Rendon, F. J, Murasky, Grand President F.J. Kierce, Grand First Vice-President T.J. Murphy, Grand Sec- ond Vice-President James Galiagher, Grand Secretary George tanley, Grand Treasurer John O'Donnell, Grand Marshal John J. O’'Brien, Grand Inside Sentinel William Pann, Grand Outside Sentinel F. W. Johnson, Grand eill, J. E. Kenny, Jonn 0'Donnell, J. O’Leary, ns, T. B. McG R. Denike, S. Haskins, DELEGATES. Council No. 1, San Francisco—E. J. Sheehan, Robert Tobin. Council No. 2, San Jose—W. T. Aggeler, P. Linehan. Council No. 3, San Francisco—T. B. Slevin, J. P. Brady. Council No. 4, San Francisco—John F. Cal- laghan, J. P. Hartnett. Council No. 5, Stockton—John Barrett, Wil- liam Heffernan. Council No. H, Hammond. i R. Lauxen, A. , Oakland—C. F. Harrington, R. Council No. 7, San Francisco—Thomas Dowd, E. J. Gallagh Council No. 8, Oakland—William McCarthy, John Magennis. Council No.9, Petaluma—J. B. Counihan, J. M. Lynch. Council No. 10, Sen Rafael—J. J. Murray, William Eden. Council No. 11, Sacramento—J. C. Gorman, Thomas M. Diviny. Council No. 12, Santa Cruz—J. J. Roney, G. 8. ‘ait. Couneil No. 14, Los Gatos—L B. Dockeiler, H. L. Dunnigan. Council No. 16, Benicia—Rev. A. 8. Lawler, James T. Cormley. Council No. 18, Marysville—Aug. Keller, Council No. 21, Nepa—Rev. M. D. Slattery, John Kenned Sh(‘ouncil No. 23, San Diego—W. J. Sullivan, A. aw. Council No. 24, Alameda—William E. Scully. A. F. St. Sure. Council No. 25, Martinez—J. Kelly, J. J. Mc- Namara. Couucil No. 26, Antioch—John Wheelihan, J. Donovan. Council No. J. Carragher. Cfiuncxl No. 29, Grass Valley—M. O’Connell, unn. Council No. 31, East Oakland—J. T. Carey, W. V. Harrington. Council No. 32, South San Francisco—Joseph H. Hoare, Engene Harrington. Council No. 34, San Francisco—Charles Hea- ley, L. Marisch. Council No. 35, San Francisco—John T. Greany, Frank McGlynn. Council N , Santa Barbara—Thomas Goux, E. E. Aréllanes. Council No. 41, Virginia City, Nev.—George D. Pyne, William Burns. ouncil No. 43, Menlo Park—H. C. Hall, E. MeNail. Council No. 44, Gilroy—Thomas H. Miller, W. G. Fitzgerald. Council No. 45, Sonoma—A. D. Graham, W, 27, Sacramento—T. A. Cody, H. J. Kearney. Council No. 46, San Luis Obispo—J. A. Nock, John Carro! Council . 47, Livermore—John Sweeney, W. P. Marti ouncil No, 35, San Francisco—Dr. T. H. Mor- ris, W Car! 1 No. 56, Portland, Or.—Rev. J. O'Dea, . McEntee. ouncil No. 60, Navarro—Thomas P. Lynch, William F. Agnew. Council No. 64, Fresno—James L. Doyle, Henry Avila. Council No. 65, Portland, Or.—J. P.Kava- naugh, George W. Dunning. Council No. 67, Eureka, Cal.—Rev. R. Vere- ker, Joseph O'Neill. Council No. 72, San Francisco—J. E. Galla- gher, P. F. Bailey. Council No. 73, Spokane, Wash.—Dr. H. B. Luhn, P. F. Quinn. Council No. 74, San Francisco—A. T. Coakley, W. G. Leffman. Council No. 80, Carson City, Nev.—J. Deig- Clyn nan, Rev. P. J. Clyne. 83, Seattle, Wash.—George T. Council No. Mosel, L. T. Michel. Council No. 85, Victoria, B. C.—Rev. J. A. Van Nevel, John Leonard. Council No. 86, Port Costa—Edward Lynch, William Casey. Council No. 87, Merced—Thomas E. Collins, Louis G. Strein. Council No. 88, Salinas—Thomas Conley, Frank McFadden. Council No. 94, Ferndale—George Grinsell, A. Halley. 5 Council No. 104, sutte City, Mont.—M. F. Gilligan, J. Finlen. Council No. 115, Haywards—F. B. Hooson, F. T. Terry. Council No. 123, Nanaimo, B. C.—James Rice, Deniel Stewart. Council No. 125, Centerville—Manuel Silva, M. J. Souza. Council No. 125, San Francisco—R. E. Fazack- erley, R. J. Dowdall. Council No. 130, Portland, Or.—T. E. Kirby, J. F. Sinnott. Council No. 151, Tacoma, Wash.—Henry A. Young. John M. Boyle. Council No. 156, Olympis, Wash.—James E. Connolly, James R. Dever. Council No. 157, Ellensburgh, Wash.—J. W. Hogan, T. W. Grennan. Council No. 301, New Westminster, B.C.— W. H. Keary, Willizm Eichoff. Council No. 304, Monterey—Reve R. M. Mestres, George Higgins. Council No. 308, Vancouver, Wash.—Very Rev. L. de Schram, James Kelly. Council No. 306, Portland,” Or.~Thomas J. Sherlock, T. B. McDevitt. ‘The programme for the week will open with services in the Catholic church in Vallejo, attended by the grand officers and delegates in a body. Later in the day the Grand Council will convene and commit- tees will be organized. Reports of officers and committees will be submitted. The first night will be observed with a ball. Tuesday will be a business-like dnY and then on Wednesday thc delegates wil i join in the recreation. "An excursion party will ieave San Francisco at 8:45 A. M. on the Mary Garratt, and spend Wednesday pleasantly in the council town. . Thursday will be taken u» with a morn- ing and n:fiht session, and a trip to Mare Island in the afternoon. Friday will be a business day, and so will Saturday, though aiter the election of grand officers the delegates will end the week with a banquet. EARLY POLITICAL HISTORY Pioneers Who Helped to Frame the First Constitution of California. STIRRING SCENES AT MONTEREY General Vallejo and the Bear Flag. The Slavery Question Nearly Broke Up the Convention. The deaths of Pio Pico, Peter H. Bur- nett and Elisha O. Crosby within the past few months remove three prominent actors in the very early political history of California. Pico was the last Governor under Mexican rule and died at Los An- geles September 11, 1894. Burnett was the first Governor under American civil rule and died at San Francisco, May 17, 1895. Crosby, whodied on August 20, was a mem- ber of the first constitutional convention, held at Monterey in 1849, and also of the first Legislature, held at San Jose in 1849-50. Few of the present generation are fa- miliar with the particular history in which these men figured. It is a history of events of great moment and of tragical incidents. In result there came into the American Union a new State that never passed the term of territorial probation. It was a State e facto in Decem ber, 1849, but not a Statede jure till September 9, 1850. Its great seal is emblematical of its origin, for the foreground figure repre- sents the goddess Minerva, having sprung full grown from the brain of Jupiter. She was introduced as a fitting type of the vpolitical birth of the State. Of Pico and his troublous administration it is unnecessary here to speak. He struggled*against a hardier and superior race, and gave way before the American arms. Féllowing the occupation of the country by the United States in 1846, though that had been the settled policy of the authorities at Wash- ington, there had been no definite pro- vision made for its government, and it re- mained under American military rule—a rule not at all suitable to the new condi- tions or satisfactory to the people. The rimary efforts that were made to estab- ish a civil government were checked by the military authorities, while Congress delayed action because of the controversy over the question of slavery. It wasnot until June 3, 1849, that General Riley, the military Governor, called a constitutional convention and set in motion the machin- ery that led to the organization of a civil government. This convention met in Col- ton Hall, in Monterey, September 1, 1849, and these were the men of whom it was composed : S Joseph Aram, then aged 39, a native of Oneida County, N. Y.; a farmer, and then a resident of California for three years. He is the father of State Senator Eugene Aram of Woodland, and now lives in San Jose: Charles T. Botts, then aged 40, a native of Virginia; then a resident here sixteen months, and a lawyer. He was a brother of John Minor Botts, and was afterward District Judge at Sacramento and State Psrimer. Died at San Francisco October 4, 1884. Elam Brown, then aged 52, a native of Herkimer County, N. Y.; then a resident three years, and a farmer. He was after- ward a_member of the Firsi and Second Assemblies, and died in August, 1889, as we are informed. Jose Antonio Carrillo, then aged 53 and a native of California. Died at Santa Bar- bara April 25, 1862. Jose A. Covarrubias, another native, was then aged 40. He afterward served nine terms in the Assembly and died at Santa Barbara April 1, 1871 Elisha O. Crosby, already spoken of, was then aged 34, a native of Tompkins County, N. Y., had resided here seven months and was a lawyer. . Pablo de la Guerra, a native of Califor- nia, was then aged 36. He afterward served nine terms in the State Senate, was ex-officio Lieutenant-Governor in 1861, when John G. Downey acted as Governor after the resignation of Milton 8. Latham, and for six years was District Judge at Santa Barbara. He died there February 5, 1874. Lewis Dent, then aged 26, was born in Missouri; had resided here three years and was a lawyer. He was a brother-in-law of General Grant, aud died at Washington March 22, 1874. . Kimball H. Dimmick. then aged 34, and a native of Chenango County, N. Y. He was a lawyer and_came out with Steven- son’s regiment, Died at Los Angeles Sep- tember 11, 1861. Manuel Dominguez, a native, then aged 46, and a vanker. Alfred J. Ellis, then aged 33, a_native of Oneida County, N.Y.; had resided here two years and a half, and a merchant. He was afterward an Assemblyman, and Ellis street, in this city, was named after him. Died in San Francisco july 27, 1883 Stephen C. Foster, then aged 28, a native of Maine; a resident for three yearsand a farmer. He was afterward Senator from Los Angeles three terms. Edward (ilbert, then aged 27, a native of Dutchess County, N. Y., and a printer. He came out with the Stevenson regiment and was a proprietor and editor of the Alta. At the first State election in 1849 he was elected to Congress. His death oc- curred in a duel with James W. Denver, then Secretary of State, at Oak Grove, near Sacramento, on August 2, 1852, William M. Gwin, then aged 44, a native of Tennessee, a resident for four months and a “farmer.” The career of Dr. Gwin is too well known to need more than the pnsain%memxon that he was elected one of the United States Senators by the first Legislature. Died at New York Septem- ber 3, 1885. Henry Wager Halleck, then aged 32, a native of Oneida County, New York, a resident three years, and 4 United States engineer. He was then the military Secre- tary of State and afterward commanded the United States army during a part of the time in_the rebellion. Died at Louis- ville, Ky., January 9, 1872. Julian Hanks, then aged 39, a native of Connecticut, a resident for ten years and a farmer. L. W. Hastings, then aged 30, a native of Ohio, a resident for six yearsand a lawyer. Died in Arizona. Henry Hill, then aged 33, a native of Virginia, a resident for one year and five months and in the United States army. Joseph Hobson, then aged 39, a native of Baltimore, a resident for gvo months, anda merchant. John McH. Hollingsworth, then aged 25, a native of Baltimore, a resident for three years, and a lieutenant of volunteers. Died at Washington, April 5, 1889. Jacob D. Hoppe, then nghed 35, a native of Maryland, a resident for three years, and a merchant. He was the first Postmaster at San Jose, and died at San Francisco, April 17,1853, from injuries received from the ex- El‘ozgon of the boiler of the steamer Jenny ind. John M. Jones, then aged 25, a native of Kentucky, a resident for about four months, and a lawyer. Died at San Jose, December 14, 1851, Thomas O. Larkin, then aged 47, a native of South Carolina, a resident for sixteen Y““’ and a trader. He was the first and ast American Consul to California. Died at 8an Francisco, October 27, 1858. Benjamin 8. Lippincott, then aged 34, a native of New York, a resident three years and a half, and a trader. He afterward served in both branches of the Legislature, and died in New Jersey, November 22, 1870. Francis J. Li?itt, tgen aged 37, a native of Rhode Island, a resident two _vears and seven months, and a lawyer. He is said to be in Washington. M. M. McCarver, then aged 42, a native ) of Kentucky, a resident one year,and a farmer. Died in Oregon. 4 John McDougal, then aged 32, a native of Ohio, resident 10r seven months, and a merchant. He was elected Lieutenant- Governor at the first State election, and became Governor on the resignation of Burnett. Died in 8an Francisco March 30, i Ban;nmln F. Moore, then aged 29, a na- tive of Florida, a resident for one year, and a ‘‘gentleman of elegant leisure,” as given in the roll of members. He wasa member of the first and second Assem- blies, and came into some noteriety through a personal encounter with David C. Broderick. Died in Tuolumne County. _Myron Norton, then aged 27, a native of Vermont, a resident one year, and a lawyer. Pacificus Ord, then aged 34, a native of Maryland, a Yesident for eight months, and a lawyer. He was & brother of Gene- ral E. 0. C. Ord. Miguel de Pedrorena, then aged 41, a native of Spain, a resident for twelve years, and a merchant. Antonio M. Pico, then aged 40, a native of Monterey, and a farmer. He was a Lincoln elector in 1860. Died at San Jose May 23, 1869. Rodman M. Price, then aged 30, a native of Orange County, N.Y., a resident for four years, and in'the United States navy. He was afterward Governor of New Jer- Befi and died in that State June 7, 1894. ugo Reid, then aged 38, a native of Scotland, a resident for sixteen years, and a farmer. Died at Los Angeles December 12, 1852. Jacinto Rodrignez, then aged 36, a native of Monterey and a farmer. Died at Mon- terey December 14, 1878. Pedro Sansevaine, then aged 31, a native of France, a resident for eleven years and a negotiant. Living at San Jose. Robert Sample, then aged 42, a native of Kentucky, a resident for five years and a printer. He was a member of the Bear tflag party and a proprietor and editor of The Californian, the first newspaper pub- lished in the State, in 1846. Thrown from a horse near Colusa, and killed, October 25, . William E. Shannon, then aged 27, a na- tive of Ireland, a resident for three years, and a lawyer. Died of cholera at Sacra- mento, November 3, 1850. Winfield S. Sherwood, then aged 32, a native of New York, a resident for four months and a lawyer. He was elected a District Judge by the first Legislature, and was a Presidential Elector in 1852, Died in Sierra County June 25, 1870. Jacob R. Snyder, theri aged 34, a native of Pennsylvania, a resident for four years and a surveyor. He afterward served two terms in the State Senate and was Super- intendent of the Mint. Died at Sonoma April 29, 1878. Abel Stearns, then aged 51, a native of Massachusetts, a resident for twenty years and a merchant. Died at San Francisco August 23, 1871. William M. Steuart (not the Senator from Neyada), then aged 49, a native of Maryland, a resident one year and a law- yer. John A. Sutter, then aged 47, a native of Bwitzerland, a resident for ten years and a farmer. Died at Washington June 18, 1880. Henry A. Tefft, then aged 26, a native of New York, a resident for four months and alawyer. He was elected a District Judge by the first Legislature, and was drowned by the upsetting of a boat at San Luis Obispo February 6, 1852. Mariano G. Vallejo, then aged 42, a na- tive of Monterey and a military man. He was the Mexican commander at Sonoma when it was captured by the ‘‘bear flag” party. Died at Sonoma January 18, 1890. Thomas L. Vermeule, then aged 35,a na- tive of New Jersey, a resident for three years, and a lawyer. He afterward served in the Legislature, and died at Stockton May 7, 1855. J. P. Walker, then aged 52, a native of Virginia, a resident thirteen months, and a farmer. Dr. 0. M. Wozencroft, then aged 34, a native of Ohio, a resident four months, and a physician., Died at New York, Novem- ber 22, 1887. The secretary of the convention was Wil- liam G. Marcy, a son of Hon. William L. Marcy, and he resides in the town of Ala- meda. The chaplain was Rev. Samuel H. Willey, now a resident of San Francisco. The reporter was J. Ross Browne, the trav- eler and author. He died in Oakland, De- cember 8, 1875. The constitution framed by this conven- tion continued to be the foundation law till 1862, when it was amended in some im- portant particulars; and in 1879 the entire instrument was supplanted by the new constitution. While time had wrought changes that would have justified quite radical variations in tbe original instru- ment, there are very many who at this time believe the old was superior to the new organic law, and that better results would have come to the State had needed amendments only been made. It will be conceded that the work of the 1849 convention was marvelously finished, considering the embarrassments under which the members of the convention labored, both with regard to the elements they represented and the limited access they had to books that would have been needed to aid them. Among the dele- getes were very few old men, yet there was much wisdom. There were many who imperfectly understood the language: in fact, some made their communications with the aid of an interpreter. Few of the Americans bad been in the country long enough to properly appreciate its re- sources, its probable future or its wants. Then there was the vexatious slavery question, though singularly it was not ressed in the beginning by the members rom the South with anyihing like the ycnir:lucizy that would have been ex- ccted. ¥ The country had been but recently sub- jugated and among the members were representatives of both sides in what had been a bitter controversy. General Vallejo, though always a friend to the American Government, never forgave the Bear Flag party who had subjected him to the hau- miliation of imprisonment. He did not like the idea of the figure of the grizzly bear being carried in the great seal of the new State and moved “‘that the bear be taken out of the design; or, if it do re- main, that it be represented as made fast by a lasso in the hands of a vaquero”—a fling at the party that had Fninted the fig- ure of the bear on its tlag of independence three years before, when he capitulated the fortress of Sonoma to them. His mo- tion was lost—-16 to 21. The work ot the convention was nearly wrecked on the question of what should be the boundaries of the new State. Itin- volved a tardy introduction of the slavery question. The pro - slavery members wanted the eastern boundary extended to take in the Mormon settlements at Sait Lake, with the hope that there would be a State division and the erection of a slave State in the southern part. On the other hand the anti-slavery members desired that the boundary should not extend further east than the Sierra Nevada. The more eastward boundary was adopted on October 9, 1849, by a vote of twenty-nine to twenty-two, and ‘‘upon the announce- ment of the vote several members rose to their feet under much excitement and great confusion,” wrote Mr. Browne, the reporter. This is the record of the pro- ceedings that followed : Mr. McCarver—I now move we adjourn sine die. We have done enough of mis- chief. : Mr. Hoppe—I give notice that I will file a protest against this vote. Rest assured that the 39,000 emigrants coming across the Sierra Nevada will never save this constitution if you include the Mormons. Mr. Snyder—Your constitution is gone! Your constitution is gone! Cries of ‘“order!” ‘“order!” from all Pnnu of the house, and ‘‘the constitution s lost!” “Iwill sign it nnder a protest!' Mr. McCarver—I insist upon my motion to adjourn sine die! This convention has done harm enough! & Mr. Vermeule—I hope the motion will prevail in order to give a safety valve op- eration to this excityment. Mr. Shannon—I appeal to my colleague to withdraw his motion. Mr. Snyder—I shall vote against the hcuse adjourning before the business be- fore us is completed. I ask you one ques- tion: Have you completed the business that the people of California sent you here to perfarm? Ifyou have not, can you go back to your constituents and say you have discharged your duty? Mr. McCarver—I withdraw the motion to adjourn sine die. The next day, however, a compromise boundnrg was agreed on, and thus was settled the most vexed and exciting ques- tion before the convention. On October 13 the constitution was completed and signed. Scarcely had the first man touched his pen to the paper when the loud boom- ing of cannon resounded through the hall. At the same moment the flags of the differ- ent headquarters, and on board the ship- ping in the port, were slowly unfurled and run up. As the firing of the National salute of thirty-one guns proceeded at the | fort, and the signing of the constitution wenbon at the hall, the captain of an Eng- lish bark, then in port, pald a most beauti- ful and befitting compliment to the occa- sion and the country, by hoisting at his main the American flag above those of every other nation, making, at the mo- ment that the thirty-first sun was fired, a line of colors from the main truck to the vessel’s deck. And when, at last, that thirty-first gun came—the first gun for Cal- ifornia!—three as hearty and as patriotic cheers as ever broke from human lips were given by the convention for the new State. WiNFIELD J. Davis. sacramento, Cal., September, 1895. At the siege of Jerusalem by Titus the captive Jews were crucified by the Romans in such numbers that, as Josephus says, there was no longer wood of which to make the crosses nor space for them to stand. NEW TO-DAY. STATEMENT ———OF THE— CONDITION AND AFFAIRS ~——OF THE—— FONGIERE TRANSPORTS INSURANCE COMPANY F PARIS, FRANCE. ON THE 81ST DAY OF December, A. D. 1664, and for the year ending on that day, as made to the Insurance Commis- sioner of the State of California, pursuant to the Proyisions of Sections 610 and 611 or_the Political Code, condensed as per blank furnished by the Commissioner. CAPITAL. Amount of Capital Stock paid up in Cash - $1,250,000 00 ASSETS. Real Estate owned by Company..... $690,392 33 | Cash Market Value of all Stocks and Bonds owned by Compan: 587,723 09 137,814 04 Cash in Company’s Office Cash in Banks. .. 2 Premiums in due Course of Coliec- Bills receivable, not Matured, taken for Fire and ) Risks. . = Rents due and accrued. . Relnsurance and Salvages. 550,689 25 12,320 48 11,234 51 826,286 4 381,849 11 | NEW TO-DAY. POSESSS S S st e EE T e e STATEMENT ——OF THE— CONDITION AND AFFAIRS ~———O0F THE—— Hartfoed Steam Boiler Inspection ——AND—— INSURANCE COMPANY ARTFORD, IN THE STATE OF CON- O ciitont. on the Slst day of December, A. De 1894, and for the year ending on that day, as made to the Insurance Commissioner of the state of Call= fornia, pursuant to the provisions ot section 610 and 611 of the Political Code, condensed as per blank furnished by the Comm:issioner. CAPITAL. paid up in $500.000 Amount of Capital Stock, ASSETS. - Real Estate owned by Company. $89,096 3 Loans on Bond and Mortgage 281,020 00 Cash Market Value of all St Bonds owned by Company ... 1,231,956 06 | Amount of Loans secured by pledge of Bonds, Stocks and other mar- ketable securiies as collateral.. $00000 Cash in Company’s Office. 7 Gash in Banits. % I 9618343 Interest due snd accrued on all Stocks and Loans. 23,615 89 Interest due and Bonds : and Mortgages. 2 6,893 53 Premiumsindue f Collection ~ 215,881 63 Total Assets. -.$1,955,255 24 LIABILITIES. Losses in process of Adjustment orin $25,557 58 SUSPENSe. ... .oeovieioeeis i Gross premiums on_Risks running one year or less. $104,011 80,re oo Gross premiums on more than one 947 44, reinsurance 1,164.456 64 Brokerage.......... 19,508 67 Total Liabilities 61,629 09 INCOME. Ne¢ ved f rem- mae i Do penione Received for interest on Bonds and MOTtZAGES. . ... vveeeeaieiinainnei 15,510 27 Recelved for intercst and dividends on Bonds, Stocks, Loans and from Rau other sources... ... 56,991980 eceived for Special Vicese . on 1,615 54 Total Income....... 46 EXPENDITURES. Net amount pald for Losses, includ- ng $19,710 1 s of previous eRrs il b L g | sgasaze Dividends fo Stockholders. .. ... 60,000 Paid or allowed for Commission or | _Brokerage...... 207,468 35 Pald for Salarie: charges for offi 29,118 00 16,926 23 | “and inspection experses............ 290,856 58 | All other payments and expenditures ,137 48 | - Total Expenditures........... | = Total Assets 27 | Losses incurred during the year....... §71,129 29 LIABILITIES. ‘ Risks and Pr('miuma.i Risks. | Premlums. Losses Adjusted and unpaid.. $489,785 36 e | Groes premiums on Marine and [-Tct avagunl, of R aks 1and Navigation Risks, reinsur- [as e el odanis anCe 100 Der Cent................... b 28518584 | ( FOAT. oo [8102,628,620| % Gross premiums on Marine Ti g | Risks, reinsurance 50 per cent. . exal | g0,006768] 51463818 Cash dividends remaining unpaid... 677640 | (YERE -] 90,604.769) ! e S 2,711 61 | _December 81, 1894.| 244:868.481| 2.300.950 24 | J. M. ALLEN, President. 10 beCOme dUe.......o.v vt 38,335 99 -P = 1 . B. PIERCE, Secretary. All other demands against the Com- /1 65006 | , Subscribed and_sworn to betore me, this 26ty Total Liabilities. INCOM! Net Cash actually received for Ma- rine premiums... Received for intere: ‘on Bonds. Stocks, Loans, and from $984,344 76 $1,702,719.90 | day of January, 1895. E. TAINTOR, Notary Public. & WILSON, GENERAL [INSURANCE AGENTS, Corner California and Sansome Streefs, SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. | HENEY 'MANN | | | | | | | all other sources. s 47,104 21 Received for profits on investments realized........ ceectee ssecocnss 19,704 27 Total Income..................... $1.769,528 38 EXPENDITURES. Net amount paid for Marine Losses. $1,182,645 10 Paid or allowed for Commission or Brokerage. 221,344 02 Paid for salaries, fees and other charges for officers, clerks, etc... Paid for State, National and lDCBlf 124,997 99 i ... $1.528,987 11 Total Expenditures. G. ROBERT, President. CH. MOUTIER, Secretary. Subscribed and sworn to before me, this ilth day of April, 1895. HYDE SHROPSHIRE, United States Vice-Consul at Paris. MANN & WILSON, GENERAL INSURANCE AGENTS, Corner California and Sansome Streets, SAN STATEMENT ——OF THE—- CONDITION AND AFFAIRS ——OF THE— UNIVERSO MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY F MILAN, ITALY, ON THE 31ST DAY OF December, A. D. 1894. and for the year ending on that day, s made to the Insurance Commis- sioner of the State ot California, pursuant 10 the provisions of Sections 610 and 611 of the Political Code, condensed as per blank furnished by the Commissioner. FRANCISCO, CAL. CAPITAL. ASSETS. .$627,235 11 . 48,403 94 Cash in Banks. 5 : . 28042 43 Premiums in due Course of Collection. 18,492 76 Total Assets. LIABILITIES. Losses Adjusted and Unpaid s Losses in process of Adjust in Suspense. . Losses resisted Gross premiums on Marine and land _Navigation Risks, reinsur- ance 100 per cent........ Gross premiums on_Mari; Risks, reinsurance 50 per cent..... | All other demands against the Com- pany... Total Liabilitres. . INCOME Net Cash actually received for Marine Premiums. $354,776 62 Received for Interest and dividends on Bonds. Stocks, Loans, and from all other sources. ;» 82,128 50 Time 27,790 62 8382,567 24 Total Income EXPENDITURES. Net amount paid for Marine Losses (including 10sses of previous vears)..$275,664 73 Paid or allowed for Commission or Brokerage. ... % Paid for salares, fees €1,359,00 charges for officers, clerks, etc. Paid for State, National and locai iaxes 1,789 50 ‘All other payments and expenditures.. 13,882 40 ‘Total Expenditures.......... ......8352,695 63 ACHILLE VILLA, Subseribed and Sy OLL, Secret g and ‘sworn to be 4 day of April, 1895. e e o JOS. DARRY, Vice-Consul in Charge. MANN & WILSON, GENERAL INSURANCE AGENTS, Corner California and Sansoms Streets, SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. STATEMENT ——OF THE—— CONDITION AND AFFAIRS ——OF THE— METROPOLITAN PLATE GLASS INSURANCE COMPANY F NEW YORK, IN THE STATE OF NEW York. on the 31st day of December, A. D. 1894, and for the year ending on that day, as made to the Insurance Commissioner of the State of Cati~ | | | fornia, pursuant to the provisions of sections 610 and 611 of the Political Code, condensed as per blank furnished by the Commissioner. CAPITAL. Amount of Capital Stock, paid up in e ASSETS. Real Estate owned by Company...... $150,000 00 Cash Market Value of all Stocks and Bonds owned by Company .. 191,835 06 Cash in Company's Office 1,380 58 Cash in Banks. 43/448 31 Tnterest due an and Loans. 57226 Prem:ums d ction 34,141 7% Total Assets.............. 8421,877 92 1 p——— | LIABILITIES. Losses in process of Adjustment or in | “suspense. .. = $3,500 00 Gross premiu is] year or less, $264,62077 | 50 per cent......... : - 18281039 | Due and accrued for salaries, re; . 8,517 1 Commissions and Brokerage due and to become due. ... 955023 Total Liabilities.. INCOME. Net cash actually received for pre- see. $148,877 80 —_— $255,618 36 Received for interest and dividendson Bonds, Stocks, Loans, and from_all other sources.. 7 Received for Rents. Total Income. EXPENDITURES. Net amount paid for Losses (Including $1500, losses of yrevious years) Dividends to Stockholders. Paid or allowed for Com $90,054 8. 16,000 03 Bioserage. .. 80,174 79 Paid for Salaries, Fees and other charges for officers, clerks, etc...... 39,613 23 Paid for State, National and local taxes. . % 3,480 03 All other payments and 23 88 Total Expenditures... Losses incurred during the year. Risks. Risks and Premiums. | | Premiums. Net amount of lv.is‘l:u.1 | written during the | .......... n‘} $10,306,184 $294,356 43 Nev amount of Risks| | | 10,076.889| 277,736 05 Net amount in force De- 1 cembey 31, 1894......| 9,012,562] 264,620 77 HENRY HARTEAU, President. E. H. WINSLOW, Secretary. Subscribed Andms‘\;'sorn to l}efgl:finel.{ lxhiu 17th di Ji 'y . oBN H. RIEGER, B ik Notary Pubiic. MANN & WILSON, GENERAL INSURANCE AGENTS, Corner California and Sansome Steeets, SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. NOTARY PUBLIC. HARLES _H. PHILLIPS, ATTORNEY-AT law and Notary Public, 635 Market st., oppo- site P alace Hotel, Residence 1620 Fellsi Terer Pphone 570. 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