Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, December 3, 1916, Page 10

i i i - Hoping for Universal Suffrage, but Expect to Have to Wait at Least Five Years. MUCH OPPOSITION FOUND (Correspondence of The Associated Press.) Stockholm, Sweden, Nov. 15.—Swe- den, the only one of the Scandinavian countries in which women do not en- joy the same right to vote as the men, must at best wait some five vears before complete enfranchise- ment of its women, but that the goal will ultimately be reached not only here but in other backward countries is the firm conviction of the National Swedish Woman's Suffrage associa- tion, which has just concluded its an- nual convention. Reports made at the convention showed a greatly increased interest in the movement throughout Sweden. There are now nearly 17,000 women enrolled in the association and some 200 branch organizations. Particularly gratifying to the leaders was the re- port of a great growth of interest among the country’s clergymen as well as among men generally. Men's associations for women suffrage were formed during the year at Kristian- stad and Malmo, and some of the best known Swedish men are beginning to interest themselves actively in the movement. Most of this progress is the work of only fourteen years, although ef- forts to improve the position of wom- en generally were begun at an early period, Sweden standing in the front rank of European countries in this respect. It was not until 1902, how- ever, that a defiinite organized move- ment to secure votes for women was begun. The impetus for this was given by a mgn, Burgomaster C. A. Lind- hagen of Stockholm. Burgomaster Lindhagen, who was also a member of the second chamber of the Riksdag, resented a woman suffrage bill in the ower house. It was defeated by 111 to 64, Presents Suffrage Bill. The first notable victory was in 1906, when both chambers of the Par- Miament decided to petition the gov- ernment to investigate the subject of woman suffrage. This report was submitted to the Riksdag in 1911, In the ‘meantime (1907) universal fran- chise had been granted the Swedish men, and the first use they made of it was to elect a liberal government, in which K: A, Staaf was premier. . Staaf presented a woman suffrage hill in 1912 as a government bill, and it was supported by the constitutional committee of the Riksdag. The upper chdmber defeated it, 86 to 58, but the lower chamber gave 140 votes for to 66 dgainst. ¥ | further unavailing effort was made this year to induce Herr Ham- magskjold, present premier, to make a government measure of the bill, A chfn'c of the nature proposed in- volves an amendment to _the constitu- tipn, and hence must be adopted by both houses of two successive par- liaments. The Riksdlf session_early in 1917 will be the last session of flle‘r esent parliament, and, although conditions have apparently not altered since the last unsuccessful attempt, the women see themselves compelled to make another effort to secure the . passage of a political-equality meas- i ure. The hill will probably be pre- sented as a social-democratic rarly measure. -But even in the unlikely event of its passage, woman's suffrage could not come into effect in Sweden until the autumn of 1921, so there is still a long fight ahead. One Franchise For Women. At least two of the principal ob- stacles are the opposition of !fit men and the fact—anomalous as it may scem—that women already enjoy the communal franchise. Their possession of the communal franchise obliges women exercising it to be regularly enrolled with their party. The cansecvatives oppose woman suffrage. That means that the con- servative women are faced with the choice of breaking away from their arty or else of ‘opposing suffrage or themselves, and thus far the party call—and incidentally their allegiance to the men of their families—has proved the stronger. The fact that of all Scandinavian countries, Sweden is the~only one where the women do not enjoy the same right of franchise as the men, is due to a varicty of cauges. The Fin- nish women secured the vote mainly as a result of the important part they took in their country’s struggles for liberty more than a decade ago. Their - enfranchisement came in 1906, The Norwegian women took an active part in the events leading up to the separa- tion of Norway and Sweden. When they were denied participation in the referendum held at that time they conducted a referendum of their own. Another factor throwing light on the situation in the Scandinavian countries is that here alone in the world is literature uniquely and close- ly associated with the woman's move- ment. But while Bjornson ad Ibsen in Norway and Grundtvig and other prominent literary characters in Den- ~ mark championed the cause of i © women, Strindberg, Sweden's fore- most literary light and the man who has more powerfully influenced his countrymen than has any other writer, was an embittered misogynist, hating woman and all her works. Woman suffragists declare that Strindberg's writings have been one of L the most powerful weapons in the . lhands of their opponents. | Miss Signe Bergman, president of _ the National Woman Sufffirage asso- ciation, believes that the world war ~ will have a great influence toward . cqual suffrage rights. “Every since the woman suffrage movement started,” she said, “one of the chief arguments against it has been the assertion that women were - incapable of defending their country. But in all the belligerent countries we see (h'e women doing war work, hich is bardly if at all less important than the actual fighting. It is not " conceivabie that the war could have ~ seen carried on so long without - woman’s help, and it is difficult to . see how the opponents of woman _ suffrage can refute the logic of this ‘act.” ¥ A £ You Will Get Instant Relief. Dr. Bell's’ Pine-Tar-Honey soothes your | cough, allays mflammation, loosens the mu- Gous and you breathe much better. 2bc. All drugglsts.—Advertiscment, Industries and New Venturef. Planned (Correspondence of the Associated Press.) Helsingfors, Finland, Oct. 10.—Fin- land, with the exception of a few in- dustries that have suffered, has ex- perienced a boom as a result of the war. There is a most recent indica- tion of this in plans that are now practically completed for a steamship line designed to run from Finnish ports to North and South America. One of the most striking features of the present economic conditions in the country is the flood of ready money. The Bank of Finland has greatly increased its note circulation, and deposits in private banks have increased to enormous figures. This flood of money is due in great part to the Russian government's expendi- tures for the maintenance of troops, military necessities and fortification work, The difficulties in the way of ex- porting and even the unfavorable communications with many parts of interior Russia, also resulted in much money staying in the country, which would otherwise have gone abroad. Good harvests in the autumn of 1915 also made it unnecessary to buy the usual quantity of grain outside of Finland, and contributed to increase the amount of capital looking for in- vestment, The sawmill industry—one of the country’'s leading industries — has suffered rather severely, At the end of the year, the number of employes in this branch had decreased some sixty per cent. The building trades are also—as everywhere in belliger- ent countries—stagnating. The pulp and paper business was not able to increase its sales above the figures of 1914, but higher prices offset this, Iron and steel industries did a de- cidedly satisfactory business. The number of employes increased and workmen have received *substantial increases of wages. The woolen in- dusty had a good year, and the leather factories have been working under pressure to satisfy demands. They have thus been able to-secure ample supplies of hides from Russia, and the number of workmen has ing creased by at least a quarter, Feng-Kuo-Chang's Election is Vital (Correspondence of the Assoclated Press.) Peking, Nov. 1.—Feng Kuo-chang’s election to the vice presidency is re- garded as a vital step in the effort to harmonize Chinese politics, Three ballots in Parliament were necessary. Feng Kuo-chang was the leader in all'and on the third ballot he recejived 520 votes, while his nearest compet- itor, Lu Yung-ting, received only 201 votes, The election was in striking con- trast to the election of Yuan Shi-kai to the presidency of 1913, At that time heavy military guards were placed all about the house of parlia- ment, and there was great apprehen- sion lest there be a riot. The guards were lacking at Feng-Kuo- iane's election, and Parliament showed no disorder whatever. Feng Kuo-chang js not a decided partisan, He has never identified himself formally with any faction, but has constantly remained as a sort of a middleman between the north and the south, guarding the Yang-tse val- ley with his large garrison at Nan- king. He is primarily a military man, but "has shown considerable political acumen, and, unlike many of the mili- tary leaders in China, is a man highly cducated in the Chinese classics and a polished gentleman of wide travel and experience. There is much speculation new as to whether Feng Kuo-chang will im- mediately come to Peking and assume his duties as vice pregsident. He showed unwillingness for some time to allow his name to be considered in connection with the vice presis dency, but finally consented. As military governor of Kiangus province, of which Nanking is the chief strategic center, he has far 5r:lger power than the vice presi- ential office will afford him, L Feng Kuo-chang’s location at Nan- king, which commands the lower reaches of the Yang-tse river, as well as the railway connecting Peking and Shanghai, is one of the most vital positions in China. His power as commander at Nanking has given him great prestige, and made him so independent that he frequently paid no attention in the past orders issued by the central government. Recently, he, as well as practically all the other generals, excepting General Chang Hsun, have shown a disposition to heed the central government and en- able China to harmonize its interior troubles, The Bawling Out of Julia. A deserted husband out west thus adver- tises his spouse's delinquency “Julia, my wife, has grown Qquite rude, She has left me In a lonesome mood; Sho has left my hoard, She has took my bed. She has given way my moat and breud; She has left me in spito of friends and church; 8ho has carrled with her ail my shirts Now yo take note who read this paper, Sfnce Julla's cut this luckless caper 1 will not pay one single fraction Of any debt of her contractio ~HBoston PROVEN SWAMP-ROOT AIDS WEAK KIDNEYS The symptoms of kidney and bladder troubles are often very distressing and Jeave the system in a run-down condition. The kidneys seem to suffer most, as almost every victim complains of lame back and urinary troubles which should not be neglected, as these danger signals often lead to dangerous kidney troubles. Df. Kilmer's Swamp-Root, which soon heals and strengthens the kidneys, is a splendid kidney, liver and bladde? remedy, and, being an berbal compound, has a gentle, healing effect on the kidneys, which is al. most immediately noticed in most cases by those who use it. A trial will convin in ‘heed ot W Botter ".'..":’fiztn‘.'"f“mmofi: nearest drug store, and start treatment. at onee. if you wish first to test this ation send ten cents to Dr. Kil. Binghamton, N. Y., for a nn:\pllle en wr“(ns be sure and mention ee. ‘.I"ohi :)nuh- Sunday Advertivement. MAAWELL CAKS Webster 202 AMERICA RESISTS JAPAN AND RUSSIA United States Legation Helps China Build Railway Despite Monarchs’ Protest. UZAR AND MIKADO GREEDY | (Correspondence of The Assoclated Press.) Peking, Oct. 19.—Although Russia has protested against the proposed railway from Fencheng in Shansi province Lanchowfu in Kansu province, and Japan has protested against the contract for the recon- struction of the Grand canal in Shan- tung province, both of which improve- ments the American International corporation is about to finance, the American legation is confident of its position with reference to these two projects and is giving the Chinese foreign office hearty support in re- sisting the efforts of Russia and Japan to defeat these two improvements. Russia’s objection to the proposed railway in North China is based part- ly on conversations with former Chi- nese officials and partly on a letter written by the Chinese foreign office in 1899 assuring the Russian govern- ment that China would give Russia preference in the construction of rail- ways extending northward towards Russian territory. The proposed rail- way which the Americans have been granted the right to construct runs in_a southeastern direction and is held by the Chinese to be a line in no way conflicting with the special rights granted to Russia. Russia’s Claim, The letter which the Chinese for- eign office stands upon as the sole basis of Russia’s claim for preferen- tial rights in building railroads north- of Peking, was written by the Chinese foreign office to the Russian minister in Peking, Mr. de Giers, on June 1, 1889. Tt is ag follows: “We discussed with your excellency a few days ago the subject of a railway connecting the Manchurian railway with Peking, and explained the difficulty felt by the Chinese government in acceding to the proposal. But we stated clearly that no other government would be allowed to construct such a railway. “We now wish to reiterate in the plainest terms that .China agrees that if railways are in future built from Peking to the north ‘or to the north- cast towards the Russia border, China reserves the right to constrict such roads with Chinese capital and under Chinese supervision, but if it is pro- posed to have such construction un- dertaken by any other nation, the pro- posal shall be first made to the Rus- sian government or to a Russian syn- dicate to construct the railway, and on no copsideration will any’ other government or syndicate of any other nationality be allowed to construct the railway,” Widening Terms. In replying to this letter, the Rus: sian government made a very broad interpretation of the terms, Instead of making them read * from Pcking to the north or to the northeast toward the Russian border,” the letter added in effect “or any other direc- tion.,” Now it is the contention of the Russian government that the failure of the Chinese foreign office to protest against this reply when it was received twenty days after the original letter, was an admission that China conceded blanket rights to Russia on railroad building out of Peking. This coritention is looked upon by niost foreigners in Peking as absurd, and the Chinese have little thought of heeding a protest based on such ground. to Japan’s Protest. Japan's protest against American construction of the Grand canal in Shantung province is based on the claim that Japan now standé exactly where Germany did before the war with reference to Shantung province development. In the treaty concluded between China and-Germany, in which American —beautiful Remember it’s -made real Cut Glass Water Set, hand cut and finished on clear white blanks tern—4-pint Jug, 6 half-pint Tumblers on 14-inch Reflector. Chow concession and special rights in Shantung province, there is a clause which is as follow: If at any time the Chinese should form schemes for the development ‘of Shantung province, for the execution of which | {1t is necessary to obtain foreign capi-; tal, the Chinese government, or what- ever Chinese may be interested in| such scheme, shall, in the first in- stance, apply to German capilzlials."} It is the contention of the Japan-| ese that as successors to the rights| of Germans in Shantung province, they should be consulted first re-| garding the Grand canal conservancy | loan. They prefer to call their in-, quiries concerning this loan merely | inquiries rather than a protest, but‘ insist they must have a full cxplana-i tion in order to protect their rights| in Shantung province. * | | China holds that under the treaty | concluded between China and Japan | in 1915, settling the much-discussed twenty-one demands, China agreed to recognize whatever rights Japan | may acquire from Germany as the re-| sult of the present war, but the Chin- ese insist that Japan's rights in Shan- tung province have not yet been de- termined and cannot be determined until peace shall have been concluded in the present European war. To Enter Argentina Travel by Salon (irrespondence of the Associated Press.) | Buenos Aires, Argentinea, Oct b A decree promulgated last spring| further restricing immigration to the | | Argentine republic will take effect October 26. | During the last two years the de-| parture of settlers and others for Eu- | rope has been so marked that some | | statesmen have been alarmed over the fact that a country with such a large area and a relatively sparse popula- | tion could not hold, its inhabitants. The government, however, has not | been impressed, and by decree which becomes effective next month, many stringent conditions will hereafter | surround permission of immigrants to | land in the Argentine. | Any persons found suffering from organic disease, making the subject unfit for work, will be barred, as will all cripples, the latter provision | supposedly being aimed at a possible | invasion by wounded soldiers after the European war. Another clause of the new restriction bars all those who have been beggars in the country of origin and all other persons who may be considered likely to become a pub- lic charge. The entire responsibility of bring- ing undesirables to the country is placed upon the captain’or owners of the vessel which brings them, and in case immigrants are rejected the ves- sel must return them to the port of embarkation. In shipping circles it is said that this risk of bringing pos- ibly undesirable immigrants from European countries where registra- tion is either defective or not prac- ticed at all makes the entire business of immigration undesirable in the | viewpoint of the steamship companies. It is provided in the regulations, how- ever, that first class passengers are exempt from all the penalties pre- scribed in the “decree, a fact which suggests that in future immigrants may travel in safety as salon passen- gers. N PR S “Mad Queen” Asks Often : About Belgian Rulers | (Correspondence of The Associated Press.) Amsterdam, Netherlands, Nov. 10. | —the Telegraaf's frontier correspond- ent learns the. Empress Charlotte, widow of Emperior Maximilian of Mexico, still resides at the castle of Bouchout, near Brussels. Thé castle and the park have not been touched by the Germans and soldiers are for- bidden to enter the grounds. The em- | press has been never informed of the war, but often asks why King Al- bert and Queen Elizabeth do not ,visit her any more. The Empress Charlotte has been suffering from insanity for many ONE NOW FREE OF Belgian Nun Dies In Irish Convent (Correspondence of The Assoclated Press.) Dublin, Ireland, Nov. 22.—The death which occurred recently at the con- vent at Edermine, County Wexford, of Abbess Perge, a member of the community of Irish nuns of Ypres, recalled an interesting story of her flight from Belgium during the Ger- man invasion. The abbess, who was a Belgian and 80 years old, took ref- uge in the Irish convent after a long and tedious journey from her stricken country. In this she was accom- pained by other nuns from Ypres. Before the German bombardment drove the abbess and the other nuns into the world, she had never been outside the walls of her convent since she entered it as a novice some sixty years before. She never before seen a railway train, and it is said there was the greatest difficulty in persuading her to enter the train that carried her to safety. A The nuns were unable to bring any- thing away with them and were des- titute when they reached England. A place was bought for the community at Edermine. One of the members is a niece of John Redmond, who has | always taken a keen interest in the community, and who helped them to secure their present home. Before leaving Ypres the nuns man- aged to bury 4n a safe place their precious historical possession—the flag captured from the British at Fontenoy by the Irish brigade, then in the service of France. The “Dames Irelandaises,” as they were known, fled from Ireland to Belgium in the reign of William III. The connec- tion with Ireland was always main- tained, novices going over from Ire- land regularly, although a few Bel- gians have been adgmitted from time to time. Their convent, which is close to the Ypres town hall, was You Are Violating Nature’s Laws That catarrh is going to make trouble for you if you do not check it at once. Start right_téday. Send for a package of GAUSS' COMBINED TREATMENT FOR CATARRH and get this annoying Disease out of your system. C. E. GAUSS OFFERS TO GIVE AWAY, THIS WEEK, 2,000 TRIAL PACKAGES OF HIS COMBINED TREATMENT, AND IF YOU ACT PROMPTLY YOU CAN GET CHARGE. It is a wonderful medicine, and relieves the disease by first driving out the cause. 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