Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, July 14, 1895, Page 17

PART IIL THE OMAHA SUNDAY BEE " OHIO'S ~ FAMOUS ~ SENATOR A Obat with Hon, Joh: 8herman on Varions Public Matters, ESTABLISHED FINANCIAL POLICIES, PAST AND PRESENT Great Bond Sales of the Resumption Perlod - The dency and the Leading Aspirants for the Office—Recolloc- tions of a Politival Feud, Pre (Copyrighted, 189, by Frank G. Carpenter.) MANSFIELD, 0., July 11.—"No, I am not @ candidate for the presidency, and if all the people of the United tSates should join to- gether and offer it to me, I would not accept | the 1 too old. No man of has the right to undertake the work and re sponsibility which c to the chi tive of the United 1t is a position of | wear and tear, and it should have a younger man." These were the word: of Sherman as we sat together in a litt mer house just back of his Ohio home | feasted our eyes on one of the most beautiful farming of the United Stat For miles on three xides of us, rising in billowy rolls, extended the fat farm Richland county, a vast crazy quilt of m colored craps. A off to the right was the | new Ohio reform school, looking like a castle | with its walls of gray stone work. Nearer | still tn the valley were the b'g tactorles which have made Mansfield one of the richest town and best business points in the United Sta and just in front of us far off on the north- ern horizon lay the county fair grounds, | where the races were then going on, and which Senator Sherman told me we could | see through his telescope, If 1 were inter- | ested in the horses, or wanted to get sight of Mansfleld’s sporting men. 1 w more interested, however, in the coming race for the presidency, and I had asked the sena tor point blank the question as to whether | he would again be a candidate. The above | was his reply. It came from his lips in ' firm, sharp and decisive tones, and I could 8ee from the expression of his face that his presidential ambitions have passed forever. WHAT THE OFFIOE SHOULD BE. After making the above remark he stopped moment in sceming meditation, and then t on. Yes, the sidency has always position of great wear and tear. broken down many men in the past. It will probably do the same in the future. And still I don't sce why it should be so. I have | a difterent idea of the presidency than that | which has been held by many of our pres- | fents. 1 believe that the chief executive | hould be a man of lelsure rather than ar official hack. He should have time to con- sider and study the great matters of public policy connected with his office, and the should not worry himself over det These should be left to his subordinates. His cab- | Inet ministers should relleve him from all that drudgery. They should be his assistants in the carrying out of his policy. He should | rely upon them to do their work and he should not devote his time and brain to examining the papers of petty postmasters, or of the tide-waiters at every small custom house. He should rely upon his cabinet in- fsters to carry out his policy. If they do not | like his policy, and will not accept it, let him discharge them and take others. But he has no right to fritter away his vital force on clerical details.” HOW ABRAHAM LINCOLN RULED. “What presidents have appreciated this fact, senator,” sald I, “and have saved them- gclves for the great questions with which they had to deal? Senator Sherman then replied: *'Abraham @la so more than any chose great men for his cabinet officers, and he trusted them. He left each man to do his own work, and he often laughed at the members of his cabinet on account of the fuss they made about their trouble with office seckers and their details of offi- cial management. Lincoln’s mind wa taken up with the great things of the war. He had only one idea, and that was to save the union. This was the idea that dominated the country and the whole north during his presidency. It overshadowed everything else and it absorbed him. As for Cleveland, he is a busybody, and he must know everything."” “Who will be the republican candidate for the presidency, senator?” I asked. “I cannot say. 1 have learned prophesy much as to the future. no further into a millstone man. What you ask as to the past I will be glad to answer, but not as to the fu- ture. 1 can only say that we do not lack good candidates.. There Is Reed of Maine. His ability is beyond question and he would be acceptable to the republican party. His locality 15 against him, however. There ls McKinley. He is an able man and make a good candidate. He will, I believe, have the support of Ohio, and I would like to sce him nominated. Going further west we find Senator Allison. He s a sound man and has a good record. He would make a good candidate and a good presi- dent. I think the situation is such that there is little doubt of our electing a presi- dent, and that a republican will take his seat 1n the white house in 1897 “What will be the lssues? “They will be the tariff and the financial question. The democrats have tampered with the tariff that they cannot raise enough revenue to pay the government's exp and this will have to be remedied. The sil ver question will come up in some shape or other, and this may divide the democrat party. I don't believe that it will greatly in Jure the republican party.” MUST HAVE A SIN “Will the republican the cause asked. “I think not,” replied Senator Sherman “You can't have two standards of money You may have gold or you may have s!lver but you can't have both as standards. Af the present value and fluctuation of silve 1 don’t think there Is any danger of the peo ple choosing it as our standard. There is a wide mi: ression and misunderstanding concerning he condition of silver in the United States. We have more silver in use now thun ever before. There is $500,000,000 worth of silver in circulation, which is repre- sented by silver certificates, and there $346,000,000 worth of gold. As reserve fund fo redeem the gold, we have $100,000,000 in the tre ry, or less than one-third. As a reserve fund to redeem the silver certificates we have enough bullion and silver dollars to redeem them dollar for doller in silver. In otier there is three times as much sily in circulation. The silver however, as a subsidiary coin We will never have anything like bimetallism in this country except at a change of ratio. No international agreement will ever be reach.d for the use of silver and gold the ratio of 16 to 1, which is demanded by the free co'n- age advocates of the United States. Tais free silver movement is made up of the same elements which composed the greenback movement along late in the seventies. T then said the country would go to ruln if the government did not shovel out greenback by the hundreds of millions. T ey proph sied that resumption could never take place They always bolong to that class who wa to contract debts in a dear money ani then change the laws so they can pay them in a cheaper money. They did not succeed in the past. They canont succeed now.” HOW RESUMPTION CAME. ou were secretary of the treasury, ator Sherman, under President Hayes, at time of ro xmotion, ani you were author of the resu B D! you not find it castor to .isame than you thought “Yes, I suppose s0," said Senator Sher man. have always had faith in the busine: bility of the American people I have always bglieved In their honesty. | am an optimist rather than a pessimist, and position. I am ne execus Senator John | sum- and e a a w | been a | It has thought a moment, and Lincoln, 1 think, of the others. He not to I can see than any other LE STANDARD party ever espouse of a double standard, senator?” I is the | gress met, and thirteen bills were introdu | only, that a few straggler | dred | whett | were will | 19, 1871, OMAHA, SUNDAY MORNING, JULY 14, 1895—TWENTY PAGI debts treasury duced be quickly de Wh 1 and n 1 became beleved that our 1. though secretary of the debt could be re- rate of interest could I had no idea how and how easily the latter could be When 1 became secretary of the asury we had about $700,000,000 of re- deemable 6 id 6 per cent bonds outstand- ing, and th » was a contract existing be- tween a syndicate of bankers in this country and Bur pe for the sale of $300,000,000 of bonds at 414 per cent. These bonds were to be sold for refunding purposes, and about $90.000,000 worth had been sold before I became secretary. 1 thought this could be reduced, and I wrote a letter to the Roth childs shortly after 1 became secretar telling them I proposed to withdraw th bonds as soon as their sale reached $200,000 000, as 1 expected to put a 4 per cent bond on the market At this time there didn't seem to be much of a demand for the 4 per cents. They were below par in Europe and only a little above par here. The an- nouncement of the prospective 4 per cents caused them to rise, and withing about thy months the whole $200.( 000 were taken. The credit of th: country rose and I got par for my 4 per cent bonds. Then c od to repeal th ber of oth tore the un lar, which wa T cared res r bill ption act, and a large were brought forth to mited coinage of the silver then worth 85 cents B the investors, and subscriptions to the 4 per cent bonds ceased A9 congress went on, however, it was seen that these bills could not pass, and during the next session the people saw that re- sumption was to be a fixed fact, and the 4 per cents again came up. I had sold enough to give me a sufficient gold reserve, and on the 1st of January, 1879, the government was ready to give coin for all legal tender notes To our surprise no one secemed to want it One well known financier of New York hal said only a few months before that he would $50,000 to be at the head of the line on > day of resumption. He could have gotten his place for nothing. It was late in the day, came in and asked for” coin, and at the end of the first day of resumption, the government rezily had more coin than it had in the morning. CRAZY FOR BONDS. how about bonds, “But asked. “They had been selling steadily,” was the reply, “and after resumption the people were crazy to get them. One hundred and fitty million dollars’ worth of the 4 per cents were sold during January, and this against $25,000,000 the precediug month. We called in the 6 per cent bonds, and still the subscriptions increased. Along about the 1st of April the bonds began to appreciate, and there was a great rush to get them. One hun- and fifty million dollars’ worth were in one day, and 1 recelved a tele- gram one moruing at a cabinet meeting at the while house asking for $40,000,000 worth of bonds. I opened it leisurely, and when 1 looked at it I thought there was a mistake. I supposed it must be $4,000,000. I telegraphed at once to the man to repeat his telegram. It came back within an hour, and there was no mistake about it for the words were written out. The man wanted $40,000,000 worth, and he wanted to know v he could have them. I replied that he could. This gram came from the National Bank of Commercs of New York. Soon after another New York bank tele- graphed fox $10,000,000, and following this we got two telegrams each asking for $25,000,000, and another asking for $30,000,- 000. We had to refuse $60,000,000 worth of bonds that day because the requests came too late. It was about two weeks after this that I concluded to raise the price of the bonds, and to put them at a premium of one-half -of 1 per cent above par. I wanted to redeem the ten-forty bonds that then outstanding, and I offered to sell $150,000,000 of 4 per cent bonds at this premium. Most of the financiers of the United States thought this was too low. I asked a number of them what they thought of the plan, and they told me I would never sell 4 per cent bonds at a premium. The the nator?” 1 taken day the loan was opened I had another big | surprise. The bonds were offered at noon on April 16, 1879, and before the close of banking hours I received a subscription for $2,000,000 worth. The next afterncon the telegrams began to come. One was for $10,- 000,000, and just before the close of business that day the First National bank of New York telegraphed that they would take the entire $150,000,000, and $40,000,000 of re- funding certificates in addition. We re fused to give them the refunding certificates and they got, I think, $111,000,000 worth o1 the bonds, the remainder of the loan hav- Ing been taken before their telegram came. There were $75,000,000 more subscriptions to that loan that day than we could supply, and we closed out the whole of the bonds and were able to call In the entire outstand- ing ten-forty loan. The amount of the sub- scriptions and the rapidity with which they came in that day staggered me, and I member T telegraphed the New York b ers that 1 would like to know If they not all cra ROTHSCHILD ‘You are asking about the nator Sherman went on. “A curlous in- cident happened in connection with the head of the London house in regard to onc of these low bond issues. He had had the fusal of $10,000,000 worth of the 4 per cent bonds in case they were not subscribed for in America. He was written to and asked it he would take them. He replied that he thought he would take $1.000,000, but that he would like a week fo decide as to whether he woul! do so or not. In the meantime the great rush for the bonds occurred, and Rothschild then ed his $10,000,000 worth. At this time, however, the bonds had been all cold, and 1 had to tell him that he ould not have them. He made such a fuss abcut it that August Belmont and others of a New York syndicate who were dealing with him took $10,000,000 worth of bond from their own purchases and sent them over to him. He was too proud to accept the bonds in this way, and he sent them back. At least this is the story that was teld me 1 tricd to keep the bonds as far as possible in the United States, and to favor our own purchusers over those of Euro “What was the difference in pald by the government tunding operations ‘It was epormous,” repliel Senator Sher- man. Yoo gee, the amount of the public lebt which was refunded in the above way was nearly $850,000,000, and the saving in interest amountel to nearly $15,000,000 a year." SENATOR SHERMAN'S MEMOIRS. I am very fortunate in my visit to Senator ‘man_at the present time. I came to sfleld because 1 had understood that he was writing his memoirs, and I knew that his lection of private papers was greater than that of any other man in public life. During my talk with him he told me that he was working among his papers, but he had not as yet decided whether he would publish & book not, and that he could not allow me to state that he proposed doing so. He began the work, he £aid, with the idea of making a collection of his speeches, but he finds his rial so vast and of such a varied and in- & nature that he is still at sea as to what he will do with it. His letters are num- bered by the tens of thousands, and they em- brace the names of every man who has been prominent in the United States during the past forty years, and of the greatest thinkers of all parts of the world, John Sherman has been a part of every public movement in the United States, and there Is scarcely a mil- lonaire, a scientist or a statesman who has not consulted with him. He has ff- teen volumes of autograph letters, each of which {s as big as a dictionary, which he his kept chiefly for the sake of the uames appended to them, and his private cor- respondence embraces a large pirt of the unwritten history of the past generation James G. Blaine was a man rather of speech s t of d John Sherman has been a man of action, and still he has made more speeches then Blaine. His public work be gan when Frank Pierce was president, and he has been in the very thick of affairs from that thne to this. He has always had a large correspondence. 1 doubt whether he has ever received a letter which he has not answered, and he has been 5o noted for his reserve that public men have opened their minds and bearts to him without restraint. In addition to his vast correspoudence he has saved his- torical materisl of all kinds. He has the public speeches of the men of the past fifty years, gathered from pamphlets and news- we WAS TOO PROUD. Rothschilds,"” the interest through these re & mever lost faith In our ability to pay our Papers and bound into volumes, so that they make a library of themselves. He has doze of volumes of newspaper scraps about h'm self, some lauding him to the skies and s damning him to hades. His congressional ceches fill a score or more of volumes, and all told, he has perhaps the best collection of historical material in the United States. SENATOR SHERMAN AT HOME. During my stay with the senator I spent some time in his library, and asked him some questions as to his habite of work. 1 have known him for years, and he is one of the most methodical public men I have ever met. He never wastes time, and dur- |ing the Whole of his life he has' been sav- {ing the intellectual pennies. He has four | great workshops—two here and two at Wash- { ington. At the top of this Mansfield house there is a room, perhaps thirty feet long, which is lined with shelves, and which is filled with congressional documents and scrap | books. Here he goes when he wishes get away from any one else, and here has written many a speech, He has a imil workehop in his new house in Washington, and his library there Is of the same character | as the one here. Down stairs in his Wa:hing- ton home he has a fine library filled with w bound books and containing all the classics {He has a similar library on the ground floor of his home here In Mansfield, and it is in this that he is now working among his papers, This Mansfield library contains, perhay | ten thousand volumes, Its walls are cov- ered with books, and there is no great au- thor who has not a place upon its shelves. One section Is devoted to biography, an- other to science and another to fiction There are books in French and books in German, and the works of Huxley and Darwin are as well thumbed us those Dickens and Thackery. The senator's desk is in the center of the room. It w covered with papers this morning when I called, and on the floor there were about fifty volumes of Congressional Records and a number of scrap books. Just back of the senators | seat I saw a great, open vault, which haa | been cut into the wall, and which was so large that Jumbo could have turned about | inside of it. This is for the keeping of the senator's papers; it is fireproof as well as | burglar preof. A little white dog with black ears was sitting in an armchair on the other side of the senator, and during our con- versation he broke out again and again into a vociferous bark, until the senator at last picked him up and carried him out of the room. The senator'’s working hours were over when I called, by appointment. He usually rises early, and by 8 o'clock is av { work ‘with his stenographer. He finds a great deal of his present work has to be done with his own hand, and he told me he found the writing very easy, but that the work of research and of getting ready to write was very great. FIGHT WITH CONKLING AND ARTHUR. As 1 looked at Senator Sherman my mind ran over his long public carcer. I could see him driving about Richland county, a young congressional candidate, making speeches at the country cross-roads. I could see him a few years later, a member of the Kansas- Neb ka investigating committee, sitting in judgment of the rufians of the west and re- ceiving warnings under pictures of coffins bones as he collected the testimony which was to form material for some of the greatest congressional struggles of our his- tory. I could see him the leader of the lower house of congress, the chairman of the ways and means committee in the later days of Buchanan. I could see him in the senate, fighting the battles of his country during the presidencles of Lincoln, Johnson and Grant, and then in the Treasury department, strug- gling with the giant of resumptfon, and now in the senate again, after forty years of con- tinuous service, and the thought came to me as to whether he had not at times grown tired of it all, and longed for the rest of pri- vate citizensnip, and 1 said: ‘Senator Sher- man, tell me, have you at any time in your areer tried to get out of public life and back to private life? No,”" replied Senator Sherman, know that I have. I have always enjoyed being in the thick of things, and having a part in the carrying on of our government. There was only once that I came near going out of public life. It was when I was sccre- tary of the treasury under President Hayes. There was trouble about the custom housc at New York. It had been badly managed for years, and President Hayes had decided to make a change. Chester A. Arthur had been collector of the port for six years, and A. B. Cornell was the naval officer of the New York | custom house. A commission had been ap- pointed to examine into the management of the custom house, and upon the basis of their | reports President Hayes decided to make a change. He did make it, and T sent a letter to Mr Arthur, requesting him to resign. He de- clined to do so, and Roscoe Conkling gave him and Cornell to understand that if they held on to their positions he, Conkling, had such an influence in the senate at Washing: ton that President Hayes' appointees could ot be irmed. The president appointed Roosev and Prince to take their places, but through the influence of Conkling these nimes were rejected by the senate. After adjourn- ment of that session, however, President Hayes suspended Arthur and Cornell and ap- pointed Merritt as collector and Burt as naval officer. When the senate again met, and these names came up for confirmation, Sena- tor Conkling was again on hand, and it looke3 for a time as though they would be rejected. I made a personal matter of it. I went to the senators, many of whom I had been as- sociated with in the past, and T appealed to them that 1 would resign from my cabinet position and go into private life if they al- Jlowed Conkling to prevail in this matter. I sail I would have nothing to do with a gov ernment that gave the president the appoint ing power, and in this underhanded way pre vented him from using it. At this time I firmly intended to have carried out my resolu- tions, and had Conkling succeeded I would have become a private citizen. He dil not succeed, however, and that struggle as to the New York custom house was the beginning of the trouble which afterward culminate! through Guiteau in the assassination of G fleld, and which retired Conkling and Platt from the United States senate.” ¢M|§ l\. CAA{M:Z LABOR AND INDUS It is said that Germany bids falr to over- take Great Britain in the production of iron during whe present year. Statistics show that more than §5 per cent of the bread winners of this country are males. According to wright club, the number of cotton spindles in Georgla and the Carolinas has increased 20 per cent since 1892, as against 5 per cent increase in Massachusetts, The Irondale Steel and Iron company, Mid- Qletown, Ind., has lately started two more mills in connection with its tin plate plant. The workiug force has been increased by about 250, The Carbon Iron and Steel company's plant at Parryville, Pa., has reswfhed operations after a shut-down of over a year. Improve- ments amounting to $100,000 have been mado ut the plant. Thomas Merrison, superintendent Zdgar Thomson Steel works, Besse has issued a notice to the effect that In the future no boys under 16 years of age will be employed in the mechanical departments. The prosperous condition of the Rhode Island woolen industry is indicated by the announcement that there will be a general advance of wages this month running from 7 12 per cent to he ar | | | | “I don't o 'RY. the statistics of the Ark of the ner, Pa., New England has a greater proportion of wage carners than any other section of the country, in Rhode Island the proportion r it, or nearly one-half of the en- pulation. ~ This remarkable state of things is due to the employment of women and children in the mills Everything in the town of Morse, Wis., ex- cept_the school house, which no trust wants, has been purchased by a syndicate of Boston | capitalists. The price paid is supposed to be in the neighborhood of $2,000,000. The syndi- cate will establish the largest tannery In Wis- consin, giving employment to nearly 1,000 wea, of | DRINK FOR THE LIVER'S SAKE A Glimpre of the Jostling Taronz Absorb- ing the Waters of Carlsbad, ALL RACES AND CONDITIONS ON PARAD: How They Are Taken Care of and What They Do—Cy Warman's Experiences and Observat % at the Famous Health Resort, (Copyright, 1895, by & 8. McClure, Limited.) CARLSBAD, July 4, 1895, The blue hills of Bohemla were beginning to grow green, The bees had just begun to put new honey in the hive Of course the hills were happy, for the river sang between, When I took the spring of nine five, risbad in the winter time is about as k and desolate as a weslern town which hard fight with weekly papers Winchesters, had lost the county eeat. The co s not dead; no more than the flowers ad that are sleeping under the snow that had driftel deep in the Boehmerwald With the first blue bird comes the man dened with a bad liver, and the fi is followed closely by merchants keepers, hotel men and waiters, There are | merchant tailors from Vienna, china chants from Dreslen and clock makers from Switzerland All through the month of / il the signs of life are daily increasing. The walks that wind about the many hills are being swept clean of dead leaves; houses are repainted, and the rooms of hundreds of hotels and pensions are thrown open to admit the health- cure at Carlsbad in the and shop ARLSBAD MARKET WOMAN. giving winds that come down from the low mountains laden with the scent of pine. The streets are being made cleaner day by day, until the last day of April when they are all flooded and washed clean. The iron fences and rallings are actually scrubbed by an army of women with buckets of water and rags. Other women are digging in the ditches, sawing wood or drawing wagons through the streets, A GRAND OPENING. On the 1st day of May there is a grand opening. This year it was of especial im- portance as it cpened to the public the new bath house of Kaiserbad, which cost this enterprising municipality 250.000 florins, an is the finest bath house in the whole wide world, I am told. This marvelo elebration, which begins with a military parade on the fir:t day of the month, ended on the fifth w'th a banquet in_the city park cafe at which Mon. Ludwig Schaffer der Burgermeister pre- cd. *Jim Thompson and friend,” wa wa we went on the register at Pupps; not that Jim wanted to star his own signature, but in order that he might bear the burden of read- ing all the circulars sent.to our rooms, and receiving the good father of the town, who alwa; waits upon “‘wealthy Americans” and asks a little aid for the poor, regardless of the visitor's religion. - When we were trans- ferred to the revolving switchboard in the center of the great lobby it read, “Herren Jim Thompson,” and when it appeared on local letters and circulars sent it was ‘‘Wellborn Herren Jim Thompson,” sometimes it was “My Lord, the wellborn Herren.” But Jim had been 'so much among titled people in rope and so often read therr “ads” for heir- esses that these little mistakes were no more to him than so many pfennigs. So, In time, there came a gilt-cdged card bidding my lord, the well born sardine, ind his friend to the feast—the guests of the cit Just in front of the orchestra there was a narrow, high throne, a kind of cross between a pulpit and a witness box, and from behind this little stand the speaker spoke. *'It is a good idea, this pulpit; it gives the speaker something to pound and does away with his hands at the same time,” said Jim, when the first man had finished. The lion of the evening was the architect who had built the Kaiserbad, and when he made his talk the men cried “Ho!" and beautiful women left their seats to click glasses with him. And the band played under the double eagle, and everybody stood up, and they were ail very happy, and I knew that the homely leader, with his ears full of cotton, had made a_hit, “Was that the ‘Bohemian Girl! Jim?" I asked, when we had all settled down and began to feed again. No,”" he said, with a helf sad emile. “1 don't know the ‘Bohemian Girl' from the ‘Irish Washerwoman,' but I know that tune; it's the national air, Couldn't you hear the B flat scream and wail away down the line? Ah! if the Austrians had played that tune the Seven Days' war would have lasted longe It was an excellent little dinner, and the enthusiasm and patriotism of the people were good to sea. True, they have been buffeted about by political ‘waves, between Germany and Austria, for many years, but the people in these Bohemian hills are happy, indus- trious and enterprising to & remarkable de- gree. A THOUSAND DRINKERS IN LINE. On the morning of the 10th of May, when we went down to the Brunn to drink, 1,000 people were standing In line, “Reminds me of the day when we used to line up at the post- office in Thompsonville,” said Jim, his mind Eoing back to the big day of Colorado. when he was mayor and silver was a dollar ten. everywhere, with every disease that can pos- sibly be charged to the liver, stomach or gall. Even nervous people comé here for the baths, and get well, or think they do, which is the same thing. There were men whose skin and eyes were yellow, and others as green as ol.ves, German dulcs who walked as prapcing greyhounds, fat young Germans who seemed to be walking on eggs, and old shuffled There are big bony Britons In knicker- bockers, and elderly Englishmen whose love of plaids is largely responsible for the daily rains that come to this otherwise delight- ful region. There are modest Americans, thelr pretty wives and daughters, and other Americans who talk loud In the lobbies and Tyrolese in green hats trimmed in feathers and Polish Jews with little corkscrew curls hanging down by their ears, such as we see in Jerusalem. Then there are a few stray Frenchmen, walking alone, and once—but and | st patient | mer- | It was a great show; men and women from | gouty Germans who did not walk at all, but | cafes, | lady, and you know her by the charming cut of her skirt and the way the holds it up, and the beautiful dream of a petticoat the act discloses. There are Austrian sol- diers in long coats and officers fn pale blue uniforms rred and cinched like the cor- set wearers of Irance In a solid mass the crowd of cup bearers moves up and down in the great colonade keeping time with their feet or hands or heads to the strains of the band, which begins to play at 6:45 in the morning By 9 o'clock the springs are deserted, and the multitude has distributed itselt among the many restaurants and cafes in the canon, An hour later, having breakfasted lightly on_toast and coffee—on such and_ such coffee as can be had only in Carisbad largre dash, the great army of healthy-looking in- valids lose themselves in the hills. CARLSBAD HOSPITALITY. Here comes an old, old woman bearing a foad that would bend the back of a Turkish hammel, followed by a landau, where loll the fairest dames of Saxol Then a saus: man, whose garlic-flavored viands freight the whole gulch with their fumes; and jus behind him a wagon laden with flowers and shrubs for the new gardens of the Grand Hotel Pupp, and their opening leaves fling euch fragrance out upon the still alr thal it follows and tralls far behind, as the smcke of a locomotive follows a freight train Women with baskets ¢ their backe, filled with empty milk cans, are climbing the trails that lead back to their re: ctive ranches which they must have left, their cans laden, rly dawn. The men are most polite to each other and always take off their hats as they meet and | pass. The employes in the hotels do this, from the manager down. Indeed, all these people are aimesi tiresome with thelr polite ness. A table girl who serves you at a way- side cafe today will rush out to the middle of the strect tomorrow and ask you how you feel endeavoring to make it pleasant, and is un- consciously making it unpleasant for you If you speak English she: argues that you may be a lord, or, what to her and for her is better still, an American, grand, rich and awful, and she is proud to show the proprie- tor or manager that she knows you. But we should not complain, for nowhere are visitors treated so respectfully and decently as at Carlsbad. I remember that the burgermeister left his place at the head of the table at the banquet, crossed the room, Introduced himself to Mr. Thompson, touched glasses and bade him welcome to the city, and causeu a little municipal check book to be placed at the visitor's elbow, so that for that day and date he could order what he craved, and It was all “on” the town. Last year when 500 rooms of the largest hotel in the place were occupied, 400 of the guests were Americans or English. So you can see they can afford to like us, and they do. ACCOMMODATIONS AT One can live here as one choose: $10 a day, but two people can live com- fortable for £ a day. The hotels are good nd most perfect so far as it relat ; but the service in_the | dining rooms and restaurants is_bad Many of these are poorly arranged. It is a common thing to see a waiter frelghting your breakfast or dinner—which is at mid. day here—a half block in a pouring rain. The great trouble is to get things hot. It is next to impossible. What Carisbad necds is a nitarium where people can have delicate dishes prepared and served hot. The stoves are too far from the tables in most pla Americans will find many funny things even in the best hotels. You can go up In the elevator, but you cannot come down. You can have writing pa- per free in the writing room, but not in your apartments. You can get hot milk—or warm milk—but they will put butter in it. You can have boiled potatoes, but only with car- away seeds and a few fine flavors of alfalfa in them or poached eggs, but you musi have them poached in boullion. After a while you will get used to all this and give up trying to say “sear heice,” get well and go way. Forty thousand people do this every year. This establishment alone feeds 2,000 people a day, and most of them, 1 fancy, go away feeling very kindly toward the place and the people. The Germans predom- inate in the month of May, the Ausrtians in June, and In July the French come. This is a safe sandwich, with Austria in the mid- dle; it keeps France and Germany from touching. The English and Americans (but not the poor), they ve all the on. The floating palaces of the Hamburg-American company and the North German Loyd make the voyage from New York to Humburg an easy one. The rallw journey of twelve hours is made over a fair track; in comfor! able cars through a country very beautiful, the last half wonderful to see. The steam- ohip fare is, say $90 each way; the railway fare, second class, which is better than first class In France, $10, or altogether $200 for the round trip. Expenses here, $100. Total $300. The sad around the &p! he is honestly CARLSBAD. for $1 or little faced consumptives who swarm health resorts of western Ame fca are not n here; on the whole the pe ple who come here look healthy. The dread ful army of miserables who haunt the grotic at Lourdes are not to be seen here. True the priests go at the head of the procession on the 1st of May, from spring to spring, blessing the water and thanking God for the goodness of these wondrous fonts. But they look not for a miracle. Some thin appear a little inconsistent and trying on the waters, and yet I know not that the visitors go away disappointed. For example, you will see a very happy mar- ried woman, fat and 40 or 45, and a long lank, lingering maiden, the two quafling at the same well and the one hoping to gain what the other longs to lose. When you have taken rooms | at a hotel one CARLSBAD JEW es will bring you a long printed form, which, if you fill out, will give the sherift or any one interested in you a fair history, the length of your intended stay your nationality and business. The form goes { to the office of the burgermeister and from it you are “sized up” and assessed in what ever class you appear to belong. Third class visitors pay between $1 and §2, second be tween $2 and §3, and first-c:ass from $3 to $4. only Americans’ are always rated first-class They do not insist upon your staying there. | By filing a personal protest you can have yourself placed in whatever class you claim to belong in. “Why do they do that?’ I asked “It is 50 in all European cities, “The moment you enter a shop and talk | United States the price goes up. To a cer tain extent Americans are to blame for this condition of affair A lot of Americans with more money than modesty go up and down | the world making a great n and they | prefer to pay the highest price rather than | be considered poor, which they often are These rainmakers make it hard for m est people, who are able and willing to pay hot bills and railway fare, but who do not care to pay the sawmries of hotel and railway em ployes."” But of the emplo sald Jim gh the tips or fees are i hey not?" | ue,” sald my friend. “But look at the { army of people you have to tip: not less thax ten in a first class hotel. At 10 cents apiec that will cost you §1 a day and the legitimate fees on an Atlantic liner are anywhere from $15 to $25." “And what, may I ask, becomes of the tax one pays into the city treasury?” it in Europe, nd say good morning | | thre the you take your mediciue Roes to make miles ‘and miles of beautiful walks, to plant s In the very forest, and put boxes | Moeting of the State Federation at the of rare In t music cheers € these winding ways thr | mur | firs plac e weeks pleasure of Mg money he hrub trees for fier ality all, ic [ ol ve feeling bett hearing eve he birds thousan the ry tax little er than there Is no complaint, I as ingg cure will he | trea There they are largely responsible for the eplendid rey belie wat ask shak T happy agal N and 1% | brut will will WHAT Are all th ked of Dr. Gru pector of the d Not all,” he sa o5 for the do oL Kilow has a disease tment." are many HE atation of the 1gh to tell the patient to go away ncurable by the use of the his disc The wai t you are allc for a tem! ko her head it ish not gut v appear to want you to get well, and b » away and eat bad n oW like many have tried the cu The a broki » you up ur hea faith In cured bra help v WATE people cured who come anberger, istrict fo 1. “Bu PAGES 17 TO 20. ceeccococece i INGLE COPY FIVE CENT i or six months, and have also | wh good musie Ty MOFning. d Keep up I wh who to build in of strollers W to you one even pays it and as nearly everyone leaves the when he arriv WILL DO, here who was med or twenty t all who take years WOMAN'SCLUBS ANDCULTURE Crete Chautauqua, THE ORGANIZATION the are TH AIMS OF Promoting Soclal and Edacational Improves moent and Ca ng the lest Features of Individual Cluba—A Power for Good. oal rowing the r who examines the patient him to take the cureable doctors in wed t th 15 bit of jastry smile pl for you others, T am gotig away. to find one among the thousands here now without hope of be ire or water w en heart give yo Tt to he water unl o by in Carlsbad, ¢ hon it th They are all kn when the girl W ly and In fact, all hotels and e at things and ¢ man or wom who 18 wi st perh but an appetitie t 1, and the sto; on't a bruise will get well of its own accord And But for gall and won from Rev. temptation minister, sa what d 1 know ten long ye ejector that ty-six days In Carisbad he thirks he fe ls better than he has felt most foolish with joy at having been cure the to ters he wants derful w. 1 God's earth. know fc man who has b rs with a loggy wouldn’t tell that evel her for years or sure? Nothi! en going ab. liver and work, and aff and is about boiling RMAN rybody e come cY W —_—-———— IMPIETTE HED; to tel! t was Presid Methodist church now st The ear! W uged obed enco Finally the could swing to the other side. ildn't could y of hi not ea to ride, and fent. untered a 3w stream and fr swing. One day Fisher could I a stol ding Eld \is mul the el ollen om whic 1e which the elder couldn “All the extra clothing and the bible were made into a bundle and back and the anin swar on t and. that acro n he Phe safely acros other side. elder look dropping to his knees, pr: he might Then ma he safely. “He knelt and thanked the Lord. & fuec keep it elder did dropped on his knces and pra But d to be ) his appointm There was but one thing to do and the Down it. al led t and be ed at h ke no m swung there was a new obstacle was having a good time in the gr caught directed efforts flew the good elder was in desperation. a wide al ent and in th stream. edge of the stream the elder and his mule strayed fn hope of finding a safe crossing. the elder found a tree that ove not on resi ry a broth the Topeka State Journal. der Still of t ne good old man s dead and it can’t do any harm to tell this traveling of the elder in Kansas He had a mule on which he always his mule o was not der and Along t hu h he believed swim, howev tied on the mule's He o the N water. eating gra is swinging lim ed ferven! in getti and nistake out s and in. Several w of the mark a He mu he couldn’t wa e damp grass d the to help him catch the mule. in him elde catch a mul r firmly belie ed the is the only instance I ever heard of which a man called on the Lord to help and to his dying day the Lord did it, though it took them both kome time."” distinguished as a po the quic He carrying an umbrella. prim W prot rain offer Though entire strangers to each other, ad the Knows Court theater. Your never go to church,’ religious people the gospel, an k wit, was one da na donna of t ection began ed the against to a end fay t is plain to opera,” answe that I ar pleasant gentlema; Na?' question [ fall “Life of Karl von Gerok," and as a minister of which illustrates not only his kindly spirit, but his incident 1y walk he Stutt the w and chat n remarl that ed the the lead clearly ' wa w tha pastor of this town.” Something “sta <o dom sine oty get afraid you'll not get “You notof oy lout " n Dr give town of a new In St. new, the in on nding off ed, and inie called e for a do the it. It He are riety." t isn't cheap,” : “I have to sermons printe the usual mini ace RE. n H to the B the sum of church Sillm, I ear Louis, was even preach Kansas, Farmer Rock Creek, Jefferson county, a week or so fon toward his salary, Wilson said he had no money, but would give two rows of potatoes, each twenty rods long. Lord wants you to get $20 from me, said the farmer, “He will watew the potatoes well, and I will be mighty glad to have you I'm doesn't much used of prot pay sterial d! LIGIOU ste full an of esbyterian § ),000 missio fs given ing in Stuttga At the same time the gart opera trou s tripping along the sidewalk without that Sudde von eather., Herr th After ked awhile I venture to ask your name?” you never go lady. ““Everyb ing singer at proves the reply t I am that ““for the ¥ n the matter er, has been When the n Tom Wilson water them, seeking che d Rev. rates Mr. for iscount.” phoes, N church for the Y., of h th life Archbishop Kain, the coadju- tor of the venerable Archbishop Kenrick of a traversed on foot or horseback the mountain nary priest, a fastnesses of West Virginia. Th dio Dist Mar, and E sey. politics he proposed n ese of Washit riet of Colum yland—Prince Montgomer Senator Jam after - thirty has turned new Prof igton 1s bia and George, M. five oy S yea the direction of Dwight L. vi Stat Ite Chu ark the Ital Ca the lakes. missionary work amon, He a fa pres Ra aged 17 ices 6y unit becc of t mel, past. Th esta rais for to us val meetings ev. Edward rch of Our has fallen he recent death aptain Henry me He and for twe distributes tr amily is unabl ents it with ay York, aged Missouri cars of age ed with the ming a prea he First Bapt 1., and is or in the wor e up-to-date nt Episcopal ¢ ing money wit the rector of throughout D'Aquila Lady of Mou eir to a of his Bundy, n t interesting charac is known as the nty year g t ts, sells 12, and Ray and Japtist her. Er ist chure sald to 14 women of the Trinity hurch in h which the chu in making pastoral visits and tending to other duties. Th day glot take dele 0 he steamship from New temperance o0 arcund th gates who ace the blennial Berlin petition. world mpanie sesslon angelist testant to consist four coun t. Mary, of t les Char! ovel of New Ji rs of activity and, und Moody, will h the wrmel large fortu father at t Napl 67, is one of the g sailor evan, s has be he lake bibles now and w} to purchase a bible he 1 Ervin F La are holding successful revival sery was converted when not long afierws church, at or vin is the pas h of Mount be the young Pr Towson to buy arch. Ma a bicy which he in sailed the which 1s besides about to it on thelr way of the Worl {not more than once—in & while a l’mmnl “First, you bave the use of the water rurlkhmllun Temperance union in London, the Carlsbad the But the mule landed The mule Lord a man Gerok lady the shelter of his umbrella the the Now it is my turn to ask to whom I am indebted for the protection of an chief dis- Mr. Ho Eetting They won't even give erection Episcopal United 0 doing marinel are other York carrying the big poly The corn-colored badges prevailed day appointed for the State F Woman's clubs the Crete The ministers and women with some doubt anding what they from whom conspleuously their plac gram went relaxed and was shown nothing hostile he of all men and women, tion of Nebraska was formed last December, and at present embraces thirty-five clubs. Seventeen of these were represented at this time for which courteously, by the Crete Chautauqua manages on the ation of autauqua lecturers eyed not quite under- wished or intended. The the most was expected absent, but others best they could. As on the faces in the oven grew interested that the club meant good and happiness The State Federas an [ grounds the ost I W L T plied sup- will Wy the ax pr audien W me | When it to nan th ne t hat ne meeting, 1 was grant ment | The officers of the federation asked for the place on the program that the women might have an opportunity of becoming acquainted previous to the first regular mecting of the federated clubs, which will be Leld in Lin- {coln in October. The Crete club women { made the occasion of greater use in this di- | rection by giving a deligntful reception om the grounds, where all were Introduced and varlous plans discussed in an informal man- ner for a conple of hours | Many ideas as to the possibilities of this | organization were advanced. The need of wer | State federations is clearly apparent because of the great size of the general federation, of the different needs of the different sec- tions, and because the general federation will naturally be in the hands of the most celebrated. The federation Is intended to be to the state what the club Is to the com- munity. It was felt by most that the com- mingling of different clubs would prove an inspiration to each other. It would be especially helpful to women in the smdller towns. Concentration of work and ideas is apt o be much greater in a small town than in a’city because of less diversion, but many lof the smaller clubs need the inspiration and enthusiasm of the larger. So the feder- ation becomes mutually helpful. [ There is no doubt that the prime object of the fi ation is educational As indi- viduals are influenced by eocial and intel- lectual culture, communties are reached, homes are improved, there is a d mand for | better schools, for choicer reading, and for | more healthy ‘surroundings. The sentiment ib, | that the innocent must be protect:d and the R restrained, reformed, if possible, in- ol Of course many gchemes are agl- | tated and projects ent:rtained that prove futile, but this result {s not characteristio of honest endeavor or of women's organizas tions. Women's clubs are an influence for good reading, and for starting public li- braries, or if that is not possible, small cir- | culating libraries with books of reference. In this day of cheap editlons, many news- | papers, magazines and cyclopedias in every community, systematic reading and study are possible and easy. It need be, the stronger clubs might assist the weaker to books of study or reference. Many Influs ences have paved the way for the club move ment, but today it is not an object of de- rision. The club is a democratic body. While many have restricted membership to kesp their working force from becoming un- welld! there is nothing to prevent a new club being formed, with the possibility of federation membership for a nominal sum, The smaller clubs have the advantage of personal effort, the larger ones of financial strength, and probably the benefit of espew clally gift-d leaders. Yet, bright minds and keen wits appear in most unexpected places. The parliamentary value s not to be under- estimated. While during incxperienc-d days women may inquire of their husbands at home, according to scripture rule, it is bes lieved that when the boys of the present club women becoma men they will know how to conduct a church business meeting or go through a session of the city council, should they chance to be in it. The idea that club wome not home women was discussed at length, and it was decideily the congen- sus of opinion that good club women are cooks on the economical, health giving and scientific plan. They are housekeepers with- out_being forced to do every detail of the work themselves as their grandmothers did; they are good, faithful mothers, the pride her than the slave of their children. When their husbands come home they can discuss the silver question and talk intelli- gently on the tariff, provided sald husbands do their part, Much emphasls was placed upen the fact that the interests of men and women are identical and that whatever is truly for the | happiness and improvement of tfie one fis cqually so for the other. The federation is intended to embody and utilize the best of the individual clubs. Tts courtesy can be of the truest, its kindness the sincere its aims and aspirations the highest and neblest, C. H, ———— MILLIONS IN T ng ut 1 a ter al up he | ) ng he | er, ass e, re- ell nd st a1k | he rt, y \ly ey to o1y vou | all | of ew of tional banks were established in the United States in 1816, The highest denomina- tion of our legal tender not $10,000 and our circulation of paj money is the largest n the world, being $700,000,000, while Ruse- sla has $670,000,000, Impartial writers say that the gold con= tained In the rned:cls, vessels, chains and other objects preserved in the Vatican would make more gold coin than the whole of the present European circulation. Bills of exchange were first used by the Jews in 1160 and in England in 1307. The first English exchange was called the “burse ;uul’ was opened in London by Queen Eliza- et The capital employed principal countrl is Britain, $4,020,000,000; United States, $2,666,~ 000,000; Germany, $1,425,000,000; France, 000,000 tria, $530,000,000; Russi 000,000; Italy $456,000,000; Australia, ,000,600; Canada, $175,000,000. The term bankrupt originated in connecs tion with the money changers of Italy. They sat in the market place with t r meney dis= played on a bench (or banc as it was called), before them. When one of these financial gentleman failed his banca (or bench) was sald to be broken and he was styled a “bancarotto,”” or bankrupt. The mo n bank Inherits its name from the un- imposing money bench (banca) of mediaeval Italy Sterling signifies cap has hat in banking in_the as follows: Great he of or- in | ler 1a he w- by of t ge- money of the legalized standard of coinage of Great Britain and Ires land. The term, according to one theory, 1§ & | corruption of Easterling—a peison from North | Germany, on the continent of Europe and therefore from the east in geographical relas tion to England. The Kasterlings were in- genlous artisans who came to England in the I reign of Henry 1L to refine the silver mouey and the coln they produced was called monetaesterlingorum—t money of the Easterlings. ra n ke, y o he tor st 1 was projected by & rson, and established government loan of secured tuxes, ted a governor and twenty= be annually elected from mpany possessing not less than $2,000 In stock. The South 1 bube ble (1720), the Jacobite rebelilon (1745) and th fallure of a number of country banks (1792) serlously affected the bank. The bank arter act of 1844 limited the note circula= | tion to $70,000,000, against a like amount lent to the government, umless a similar vilue In bullion we in hand. The act was suspended during the panics of 1847, 1862 and 1566, T ot- | The charter appol ar directors to le | members of th in at be 160 0's