Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, December 5, 1893, Page 2

A 2 axye o - of the slave trade and the restriction of cer- tain injurious commerce in the independent states of the Congo and in the adjacent zone of Central Africa, the United States and the other signatory powers agreed to adopt ap- propriate means for the punishment of per- sons selling arms and ammunition to the natives and for the confiscation of the in- hibited articles. [t being the plain duty of this government to aid in suppressing the nefarions traffic, impairing as it does the praiseworthy ana ctvilizing efforts now in P progress in that region, | recommend that An act be passed prohibiting the sale of arms and intoxicants to natives in the regu- lated zone by our citize: Lesson of the Weeks Affair, s Costa Riza has lately testified its friendli- ness by surrendering to the United States, 9 in the absenco of a convention of extradi- 3 tion but upon duly submitted evidence of criminality, a noted fugitive from justice. 1t is trusted that the negotiation of a treaty with that country 10 meet irring cases of this kind will soon be accomplished. 1In my opinion treaties for reciprocal extr: dition should_be concluded with all those countries with which the United States ha not already conventioual arrangements o that character. T have deemed 1t fitting to express to the overnments of Costa Riea and Colombia the fiimlly desire of the Unitea States lo see their. pending boundary disputes finally alosed by arbitration in conformity with the treaty concluded between them some years g0, Relations with European Powers, Our relations with the French republic 5 continue to be intimate and cordial. I sin- cerely hopo that tho extradition treaty with that country, as amended by the senate, will i become operative 4 While oceasional questions affecting our naturalized citizous returning to the land of | their birth have arisen in our intercourse | with Germany our relations with that coun- try continue satisfactory. | The questions affecting our relations with Great Britain have been treated in a spirit of friendliness. Negotiations aro i 3 between the two governments with a view to such concurrent uction as will make the award and regulations agreed upon by tho Bering sea tribunalof arbitration practically affective, and it is not doubted that Great Britain will cooperate freely with this country for the accomplishment of thai pur- pose 4 Tho dispute growing out of the discrimi- nating tolls imposed in the Welland canal upon cargoes of cereals bound toand from the like ports of the United States was adjusted by the substitution of a more equitable schedule of charges, and my predecessor thereupon suspended his proclamation im- posing discriminating tolls upon British transit through our canals. Request for ad- ditions to the list of extraditable offeusc covered by the existing treaty between the Lwo countries, is under consideration. During the past year an Ameri employed in a subordinate commer position in Hayii, after suffering tracted imprisonment on an founded charge of smuggiing, finally hiberated Justice pro- un- was examination. Upon argent representation to the Haytian government a suitable indemuity was paid to the sufferer. on By a law of Hayti, a sailing vessel, huving arged her cirgo, Is refused_clearance ch cargo have been The hardship of this measure upon 1 hipowners who conduct the buik of "that country has been insisted on with a view to securing the removal of this cause of complaint. isfaction from Ho | Upon re i authentic the fiving upon an American mail steamer touching a the port of Amapala, because her saptain refuse deliver up a passenger in transit from Nicaragua to Guatemala upon 1emand of the military authorities ot Hou- 8 uras, our minister to that country, under 3 ‘nstrictions, protested against the wanton act and demanded satisfaction. The govern- ment of Honduras, actuated by a sense of justice and in a spirit of the utmost friend- ship, prompuiy disavowed vhe iftegal conduct of its ofticers und expressea sincere regret for the occurrence. It is confldently anticipated that a satis- fuctory adjustment will soon be veached of the questions avising butof the seizure and use of American vessels by fnsurgents in Honduras and tho subsequent denial by, the successful government of commercial priv- ileges to those vessels on that account. Our Poliey in Africt. A notable part of: the southeasterly of Liberia,, between the Cavally and San Podro rivers, which' for neavly half a con- tury has been gencrally recognized as be- | longing to that republic by concession and purchase, has been elaimed to be under the protectorate of Feance in virtuc of ugrce- ments entered into by the native tribes over whom Liberia’s control has not been well maintained. lore recently negotiations be- tween Liberian representatives and tho French government resulted in the signa- ture av Paris of a_treaty whereby as an ad- justment cortain Liberian territory is ceded antil the duties on s paid. duras, information of ~n to France, This convention, at lust ad- vices, had mnot been ratified by the Liberian legislature and the executive, fecling a sympathetic interest in the fortuno of the little commonwealth, the establish- k. meut and aevelopment of which were largely : aided by the benevolence of our countrymen, and which constitutes the only independent soyereizn stato on the west const of Afrl this government has suggested to the French government its ea, st concern lest terrl- torial impairment in Liberia should take piace without her unconsteained consent. Our relations with Mexico continue to be of that cluse and friendly nature wh should always character the i course of two neizhboring republics, Tho work of reloeating the monuments marking the boundary between the c trics from El Paso del Norte to the Pa is now nearly completed. The commiss recently organized under the couventions of 183 and 1880, sted, will speedily settle disputes growing out of the shifting currents of Lhe Rio Grande river cast of El Paso. Nicaragui Canal Project. Nicaragna nas recently passed through b two revolutions, the party at first successful having in turn been displaced by another. Ouir newly appointed minister, by his timely good oftices, alded in a peaceful adjustment of the controversy involved in the first con- - flict, The lurge American interests estab £ Jished in that country in connection with the Nicaragua canal were not lested., The canal company has unfortunately be- zomo financially seriously embarrassad, but b A gonerous traitmant has boen extendad to —— 4 NOTICE. The first serics coupons will be ran all of this wosk, so as to enable those subscribers who were not able to secure the full set last week, to szeure the first portfolio. Those © subs:ribers who have brought or sent in the six coupons published last week will not need to cut those of this weck., Next Monday we be. gin publishing serics two and each e _ series from that time on will be “ printed only for one week, making EVIY Coupon necessary to ure / portfolio No. 2 and all others fol. B owing. SERIES ONE ; DECEMBER 5. 1893. 4 THE BRERR COUPON. By World's Fair - | Art Portfolio. To secure this superb souvenir 3 send or bring six coupons of this series bearing qifferent dates with 10 cents in coin to - | ART PORTFOLIO DEP'T, Bee Office, Omaha. it by the government of Nicaragus, The United States are especially intorested in the successful achievement of the vast undertaking this company has in charge. ‘That it should be accomplished under dis- tinctively American auspices and its enjoy- ment assured not only to the vessels of this country asa channel of commercial com- munication between our Atlantic and Pacific seaboards, but to the ships of the world in tho Interests of civilization, 18 & proposition which, 1n my judgment, does not admit of question, Guatemala has also been visited by the po- litical vicissitudes which have afflicted her Central American neighbors, but the disso- lution of its legisiature and the proclama. tion of a diotatorship have been unattended with civil war. An extradition treaty with Norway has recently been exchanged and proclaimed The extradition treaty with Russia, signed in March, 1887, and amended and confirmed by the senate in February last, was duly proclaimed last Jun Samon's Bad Precedent. Led by a desire to compose differences and contribute to the restoration of order in moa, whicht for some years previous had n the scene of conflicting foreign preten- sions and native strife, the United States, departing from its policy consecrated b, ceutury of observance, entered four v ago into the treaty of Berlin, thereb; coming jointly bound with England and Ger- many to establish and maintain Malietoa Laupepn as king of Samon. The treaty pro- vided for a foreign court of justice, a munici- pal council for the district of Apia, with a foreign president * thereof authorized to adyise the king, o tribunal for the scttlement of native and foreign land titles and a revenue system for the kingdom. 1t entailed upon the three powers that part of the cost cf the new gov- nment not met by the revenue of tho islands. Early in the life of this triple protectorate the native dissensions it was designed to quell revived. Rivals defied the authority of the new king, rofusing to pay taxes and demanding the election of a ruler by native suffrage. Mataafa, an aspirant to thethrone, anda large number of his native adherents, wero in open rebellion on one of the islands. Quite lately, at the request of the other powe and in fulfillment of its treaty obligation, this government agreed to unite in a joint military movement of such dimensions as would probably secure the surrender of the fusurzents ‘without bioodshed. The war ship Philadelphia was aceordingly put under orders for Samoa, but before shearrived the threatened conflict was precipitated by King Mataafa's attack upon the insurg: np. Matanfa was defeated and a number of men killed, The Brivish and German daval vessels present subso- quently secured the surrender of Mataafa and his adherents. Tho defeated chief and ten of his principal subporters were deported to a German island of the Marshail group, whero they are held as prisoners under the joint responsibility and cost of the three powers, This incident and the events leading up to it signally illustrate the impolicy of en- tangling alliances with foreign powers. Clatms Aguinst Spain. Moro than fifteen years ago this govern- ment preferred a c ain in _be- half of one of our citizens for property sei and coufiscated in Cuba. In 1886 thie claim as adjusted, Spam agreeing to pay uncon- fonally, as a fair indemnity, $1.500,000. A respectful but earnest note was recently ad- drossed to the Spanish government insisting upon prompt fultilimehit of its long neglected obligation. ims, preforred by the United nst Spain, in behulf of American izens for property confiscated in Cuba, e been pending for many’ vears, At the timo Spaiu’s title to the Caroline isiands was confirmed by arbitration that goveriment agreod that the rights which had been nc- quired there by American mi i should be recoguized and respected. siucerely hoped that this pledge will be ob- served by allowing our missionaries, who were removed from Ponape to a_plice of safety by a United States war ship during thelate troubles between the Spanish garr son and the natives, to return to th field of usefulness The reproduced caravel, Santa Maria. Dbuilt by Spain and sent to the Columbian cxposition, hus been presented to the United States in token of amity and in commemora- o of the event it was designed to cele- brate. Irecommend that in accepting this gift congress make grateful recognition of the sincere friendship which prompted it. ‘Troubles with Turkey. TImportant matters have demantled atten- tion 1n our relations with the Ottoman Porte. The firing and partial destruction by an un- restrained mcb of one of theschool build- ings of Anatoly college, establishod by cf zens of the United States at Marsovan, and the appavent indifference of the Turkish government to the outrage. notwithstanding the complicity of some of its officials, called for earnest remonstrance, whizh was fol- lowed by promises of reparation and punish- ment of the offenders, indemnity for the - jury, the permission to rebuild riven, regis tration of the school property fii the name of the American owners securcd and efficient protection guaranteed, Information reccived of m «d by an inoffensive American woman in missionary work in Turkish istan was followed by such representa- tions to the Porte as resulted in the issuance of orders for the punishment of her assail ants, the removal of a delinquent official, and the adoption of meusures for the pro- tection of our citizens engaged in mission and other lawful work in that gnarter, Turkey complains that her Armenian sub- Jects obtain citizenship in this country, not to identify themscives in good ¢ faith with our peopl but with the intention of returning the land of their birth and there engaging in sedition. ‘This complaint foundation, A jou treatment o is not wholly without ual published in this country in the Armenian longuage openly counsels 1ts readers fo arm, organize and participate in movements for the subversion of Turkish authority in the Asiatic provinces, The Ottoman government has anuounced its intention to expel from its dominion Armenians who huve obrained paturalization in the United Siates since 1868, The right to exclude any or all classes of aliens is an attribute of sovereignity. 1t is a right serted, and to a limlted oxtent enforeed, by the United ates with the sanction ' of our highest courts, There bemg no naturslization aty be- tween the United States and Turkey our minister at Coustantinople has been in- structed that while recoguizing the right of that government to enforce its declared policy against naturalized Americans, he is expectod to proteet them from unnecessary harshness of treatment, Venezuela and British Gainua In view of the Impzired financial re- sources of Venezuela, consequont upon the recent revolution there, & modified arrange- ment for the satisfaction of tho awards of the lnte revisory- claims commission in progressive instullments has been assented toand payments are being regulurly made thereunde ‘The boundary dispute between Venezuela and British Guara is yet unadjusted. A resworation of diplomatie intercourse be- txoen that vepublic and Greav Britain and reference of the question to impartial arbi- tration would be & most gratifying consum- mation. The ratification by Venezuela of the convention for the arbitration of long-deforred claim of the Venezuelun portation company is awaited. Mawailan Sliuation Toached Charlly, 1t is havdly necessary for me to state that the questions avising from our relatious with Hawa ve caused serious cmbarrassment, Just prior to the iustallation of the present Tdministration the existing government of Hawaii had been suddenly overthrown, and @ lreaty of annexation had been negotiated between the provisional government of the | islands and the United States and submitted t the senate for vatification. This treaty I withdrew for examinavion, and dispatched Hon. James H. Blount of Georgia to Hono- lulu 48 a special commissioner 0 muke an impartial investigation of the ewcumstances attending the change of governmedt and of all the conditions beariug upom the subject of the trealy. Afier a thorough and ex- haustive exsmination, Mr. Blount submitted 0 we. his report, showing beyoud all question that the coustitutional gov- ernmert of Hawali bad been sub- verted with the active aid of our representative to that government, and through the intimidation caused by the l’ln.'“n“ of au armed naval force of the nited States, which was lanaed for that r;nrpou at the iustance of our minister. pon the facts beivg developed. it seemed t0 me the only bonorable course for our gov- ernecnt Lo pursue was Lo undo the wivng THE OMAHA DAILY BEE:/TUE that had been done by those representing us, and to restore, as {ar as vracticable, the status existing at the time of our forcible ntervention. With a view of accomplishing this result within the constitutional limits of executive power, aad recognizing all our obligations and responsibilities grow- iog out of any changed condition brought about by our unjustifiable inter- ference, our present minister to Honolulu has received appropriate tnstructions to that end. Thus far no information of the ae- complishment of any definite results has been received from him. Additional ad- vices are soon expected. When received they will be promptly sent to congress, to- gether with all other information atv hand, accompanied by a special executive message, fully detailing all tho facts necessary to a complete understanding of the case, and presenting o history of all of the material events leading up to the present situation. a of ‘War. Arbitration 1 a concurrent resolution passed by the senate Fobruary 14, 1800, and by the house of representatives on the 3d of April follow- ing, the president was_requested ‘‘to nvite from time to time, as fit occasion may arise, negotiations with any government with which the United States has or may have diplomatic relations, to the ‘end that any difference or disputes arising between the two governments, which cannot be adjusted by dip.omatic agency, may be referred to ar- bitration and be peaceably adjusted by such means. April 18, 1890, the international ican conference of Washington, by resolution, expressed the wish that all controversies between the republics of America and the nations of Kurope might be settled by arbitration and recommended that the government of each nation represented in that conference should communicate this wish to all friendly powers. A favorable response has been re- celved from Great Britain, in the shape of a resolution adopted by Parliament July 16 last, cordially sympathizing with the pur- pose in view and expressing the hope that her majesty's goverment will lend ready co- operation to the government of the United States upon the. basis of the coucurrent res- olution above quoted. It affords me signal pleasure to lay this parhiamentary resolution before the congress and to express my gratification that the sen- timent of tw and kindred nations is thus authori manifested in favor of the rational and peaceable settlement of in- ternal quatrels by honorable resort to arbi- tration. Changes In Diplomatic Service. Since the passage of the actof March 8, 1803, authorizing the president to raise tho grade of our envoys to correspond with the 1ank in which foreign countries accredit their agents here, Greav Britain, France, Italy and Ger have conferred upon their representatives at this capital the title of ambassador and I have responded by accrediting the agents of the United States in those countries with the same title. A like clevation of mission is anunounced by Kussia, and when made will be similar! “This step fittingly comports with the posi- tion the United States hold in the family of nations. During my former administration T took occasion to recommend a recast of the laws relating to the consular service in’ order that it might become o _more eficient agency in the promotion of the interests it was in- tended to subserve. The duties aud powers of consuls have been expanded with the growing requirements of our foi 0 trade, arging important duties affecting our commerce and American ct ns abroad, and in certain countries exercising judicial functions, ‘These officers should be men of character, mtelligence und ability. Upon proof that the legislation of Den- mark secures ~opyright to American citizens on equal footing with its own, the privileges of our copyright laws have been extended by proclamation to subjects of that count Receipts and Expendituren The secretary of the treasury reports that the receipts ~of the government from all sour during the fiscal year ended June 80, 1893, amounted to $461,716,561.44, and its expenditures 10 £459,874,674.2). There was collected from. customs §205,335,016.73 and from internal revenue $161,027,623.93. Our dutiable imports amounted to $421,f 711, an ncrease’ of $52,453,907° over the pre- ceding year; and importations: free of duty amounted to $44, 211, a decrease from the preceding year of $13,455,447. Internal revenuc receipts exceeded those of the pre- ing year by $7,147,445 ‘The total tax collected on distilled spirits v .55; on manufactured tobacco, .74, and on fermented liquors, $3 We exported merchandise 6 year amounting 1o $847.665,104, a crease of $182,6 from the préceding year. The amount of gold exported was larger than any previous year in: the history of the government. amounting to §108, 8144, and exceeding the amount expo during the preceding year by 58,485,517, “The sum paid from the treasury fov sugar bounty $9,375,130.88, an increase over the preceding year of §2,033,053.00. There's a Deflelt in Sight. It is estimated upon the basis of present revenue la! that the receipts of the gov- crnment for the year ending June 30, 1804 will be $430,121,365.33, and its expenditures 2458,121,805.85, resulting ina deficiency of $25,000.000. On the first day of November, | amount of money of all kinds 1o ci or not included in treasury holdings, was $1,718,544, an increase for the year of $112,404,047. ' Estimiating our populiti 67,426,000 at the time mentioned the per cap- ita circulation was §25.49. On the same date there was in the treasury gold butlion amounting Lo §00,05 ana silver bullion Amer- which was purchased at a cost of §120,261,- 08, Cost of Silver Purchase. The purchase of silver under the law of July 14, 1800, during the last fiscal year, gregated 54,008,162.50 fine ounces which cost #45,631,574.58. The total amount of sil- ver purchased from the time that law be- cime operative until the repeal of its pur- chasing clause, on the 15t day of Novemoer, 1803, was 168 .45 fine “ounces, which cost $155,040,940,84. Between the 1st day of March, 1873, and the 1st day of November, 1803, the government purchased nnder all laws 503,003,717 fine ounces of silver at a cost of §516,622,048, The silver dollars that have been coined e act of July 14, 1800, number 36,- The selgniorage arising from such ge was §6,077,008.50, leavirg on hand in 1ints 140,009, e ounces of silver, which cost $126,578.218, Our total coinace of all metals during the last fiscal year consistea of 07,280,875 pieces, valued at §43,085,178.80, of which ‘there was £10,038.140 1n’ gold coin, ,043,715 in silyer dollars, §,217,220.90 in subsidiary silver coin, and §1,08,102.70 in minor coins, During the calender year 1802, the produc- ion of precious metals in the United States was estimated to be 1,590,375 fine ounces of gold, of the commercial and comage value of £33,000,000, and 58,000,000 fine ouncesof silyer bullion, of the market value of 60,750,000 and of the coinage value of §4,080,000. It1s estimated that on the 1st day of July, 1803, the metallic stock of money in the United States, consisting of coin and bullion, amounted to #1,218,550,169, of which 80 607,085 was gold and. $615,861,484 was silver, Bank Crashes of the Year, ‘One hundred and nineteen national banks were organized during the year ending October 51, 1593, with & capital of $11,250,000. Forty-six went into voluntary- liguidation and 156 suspended, Sixty-five of the sus- pended banks were insolvent, eighty-six re- sumed business and seven remained in the hauds of bank examiners, with prospects of speedy resumption. Of the new banks organized, foriy-four were located in the castern states, forty-one west of the Missis- sippi river ana thirty-four in whe central southern states. The total number of national banks in existence on the Slst day of October, 1802, wis 8,796, having an aggre- gato capital of $95.558,120. The nev in- crease in the circulation of these banks dur- iug the year was $30,850,072, ' Kesults of Sliver fepeal. The recent repeal of the provision of law requiming the purchase of silver bullion by the goveroment as & feature of our monetary scheme has made an entire change in the complexion of our currency affairs. Ido not doubt that the ultimate result of this action will be most salutary and far-reaching. In the nature of things, however, it is im- possible o kuow at this time precisely wbat conditions will be brought about by the change, or what, if any, supplementasy legis- Iation may, in the light of such conditions. appear to be essential or expedient. Of course, after the fluancial perturbation, time 1s necessary for the re-establishment of busiuess confidence. When, however, through this vestored contidence, the monsy which has been frightened 1ulo hoarding DAY, DECEMBER 5. 1893. trade and enterprise, a imation will probably disclose a 'Sk: [ path leading to a permanently sotihd 'currency, abundantly sufficient to meet every requitement of our increasing population and business, In tho pursuit of this *hjflvl\ve should resolutely turn away from allueing and tsmporary ex- pedients, determined- to be content with nothing less tha u# sting and comprehen- sivo financial plat these circumstances 1 am convinced that'a reasonable delay dealing with this,subject, instead of being fnjurious, will incregse the probability of wise action, The monotary confarence which assembled at Brusse!s upon our invitation was ad- journed to the 30th day of November in the present year. The vonsiderations just stated, ana the fact that a definite proposition from us seemed to be expected upon the reassem- bling of the conference, 16d me to express a willingnoss to have the meeting still further postponed. M seems to me that it would be wise to give general authority to the presi- dent to invite other nations to such a confer- ence at any time when there should be a fair prospect of® accomplishing an international agreoment on the sitbject of coinage. places is raturned tz survey of th To Facilitate Bond Issulng. 1 desire also to carnestly suggest the wis- dom of amending the cxisting statutes in ro- gard to the issuance of government bonas, The authority now vested in the secretary of the treasury to issue bonds is not clear, us it should be, and the bonds authorized are disadvantageous to the government both as to the time of their maturity and rate of in- terest. The superintendent of immigration, through the secretary of the treasury, re- ports that during the last fiscal year there arrived at our ports 440,798 immigrants. Of these 1,063 were not permitted to lard under the limitations of the law, and 577 were re- urned to the countries from whence they came by reason of their having become bub- lic charges. The total ar} s were 140,034 less than for the previous year. The secretary in his report gives an ac- count of the operation of the marine hospital service and of the good work done under its supervision in proventing the entrance and spread of contagious diseases. ‘I'he admoni- tions of the last two years, touching our public health und the demonstrated danger of the introduction of contagious diseascs from foreign ports, have invested the sub- Ject of national quarantine with increased interest. A more genersl and harmonious system than now exists, acting promptly and directly everywhero and constantly operat- ing by preventive means to shield our coun- try from the 1nvasion of diseases and at the same time having due rezard to the rights and duties of local agencies, would, I believe, add greatly to the safety of our people, Cost of Our Army. The secretury of war reports that tho strength of the army on the 30th day of Sep- tember last was 25778 colisted men and 2,144 officers. The total expenses of this de- partment for the year ending June 30, 1803, amounted to $51,990,07 OF this sum, $1 1.95 was for salaries and contingent expenses, 24,3 for thesupport of the military estabhshments, § 013,18 for miscellaneous objeuts and §2 i31.41 for public works. This latter sum inciudes §15,- 200,870.40 for river and harbor improvements and $3,266,141.20 for fortitications and other works of defense. ‘The total enrollment of the militiaof the several states was, on the 31st of October of the current year, 112,007 officers and enlisted men. The oficers.of the army detailed for the inspection and insgruction of vhis reserve of our mil force report that increused interest and marked progress are apparont in the discipline and effciency of the organi- zation, > oy Neither Indian outbreaks nor domestic violence has called the army i during the year, aid the onl duty requived of it has been in the Depar ment of ‘Texas, where violations of the neutrality laws of, the: United States and Mexico wore proviptlyand emciently dealr with by the troops,eliciting the, warm ap- proval of the civiland military, authorities of both countries. ;i For thy Improvement of the Service. The operatibn of ‘Wwialaws and the in- fluence of civilization, donstantly tending to relieve the countiy from the dangers of Indian hostilivics,” tagether with the in- creasing abillty 0f " tho states, through the efficiency of the national guard przanizations w0 protact citizons from domestic ot their violence, lead to the suggestion that the time is fast approaching when there should be a reorganization of gur army on the lines of the present necessities of the country. ‘I'his change contemplates neither increase in number nor aaded expense, but a redisuri- bution of the force and an encouragement of measures tending to greater efficiency among tae men and improvement of the ser The adoption of batialion formations for fantry regiments, tho strengthening of the artillery force, the abandonment of unneces- sary posts and the massing of the troops at important and accessible stations, all prom- ise to promote the usefulness of the army. In the judgment of army officers, with but few exceptions, the operation of the law forbidding the re-enlistmentof men after ten years’ service hus not proved its wisdom, and while the arguments that led to its adoption were not without merit the experi - ence of the year constrains me to jomn in the recommendation for its re i Completing tho Coust Defonse System. It is gratifying to note that we have begun to attain completed resulvs in the compr heunsive scheme of seacoast defense and for- tification entered upon eight vears ago. A large sum has been already expended, but the cost of waintenance will be inconsidera- ble as compared with the expense of con- struction and ordinance. At the end of the current calendar year the War department will have nine 12, 1-inch guns, twenty 10-inch and thirty-four S-inch guns ready io be mounted on gun lifts and carriages, and seventy-five 12-inch mortars, in addition to the product of the army gun factory now completed at Watervliet. The government has contracted with pri- vate paruies for the purchase of 100 guns of these calibers, thefirst of which should be detivered to the department for test before July 1, 1804, The manufacture of heavy ordnance keeps pace with current necds, but to render these guns available for vhe purposes they are de- signed to meet emplacements must be pre- pared for them, Progress has been mado in this divection, and it is desirable that con- by adequate appropriations, should provide for the uninterrupted prosecution of this necessary work. After much preliminary work and ex- haustive examination, in accordance with requivements of the law, the board ap- pointed to select a rifle of modern type to re- place the obsolete Springfield rifle of the infantry service, completed its labors during the last year and the work of manufacture is now 1n progress atthe national armory at Springfleld. It is confidently expected that by the eud of the current year our infantry will be supplied witha weapon equal 10 that of the most progressive armies of the world. y Preserviug Clilcamaggan's Flold. The work on the'jirdjected Chicamaugua and Chattanooga matiopal military park has been prosecuted Mifh, zeal and judgment, and its upl!uhm‘wl)fi‘ pelebrated during the coming year. Overuie square miles of the Chicamauga battlafidld haye been acquirea, Twenty-five miles’ of ‘roadway have been constructed and pexmanent tablets have been placed at many bistorical poiats, while the invitations to (e states to mark the Jositions of their trpbps purticipating in the Battio has boen veMA generally aceepted, The work of loenling and preserving the lines of battles at she l3ettysburg battlefield is makiog satisfactdiy progress on the plans directed by the luum;nxruu. The reports of,ph¢ military academy at West Point aud ,,.‘; several schools for special instruction! officers show marked advance in the eduéstion of the army and a commendable ambition among 1ts ofticers to excel in the military profession and to fit themselves for the highest service to the country. Under the superyision of Adjutant General Robers Williams, lately vetired, the bureau of wilitary informagion has become well established and is performing a service that will put in possession of the govern- went in time of war most valuable inforga- tion, and at all times serve a purpose of great utility in keeping the army advised of the world's progress in all matlers pertaiu- iug 1o the ard of war. Aliolish the Feo ¥ystom. The report of the attorney generai con- taias the usual summary of the affairs and }nmwedtuxn of the Department of Justice or the past year, together with iertain recommendations us to needed legislation on various subjects. | cannot too heartily in- dorse the proposition Lhat Lhe fee system as applicable w the compensation of United courts' and United States commissionors should be abolished with as little delay as possibie. 1t is clearly in the interest of the community that the business of the courts, both civil and criminal, shall be as small and as inexpensively trans acted as the ends of justice will allow. The system fis thoroughly vicious which makes the compensation of court officiais de- pond upon the volume of such business and thus creates a conflict between a proper oxe- cution of law and private gain which cannot fail to be dangerous to tho rights and freedom of the citizens, an irresistible temp- tation to the unjustifiable expenditure of public funds. If in addition to this reform another was inaugurated which would give to United States commissioners the final disposition of petty offenses within the grade of misde. meanors, especially those coming under the internal revenue laws, a great advancoe would be made toward & more docent ad- mimstration of the criminal law, In my first messago to congross, datod De- cember 8, 1885, 1 strongly recommended these changes and referred somewhat at length to tho evils of the present system, Since that time the criminal business of the federal courts and the expense attending it havo enormously inc sed. The number of crim- inal prosecutions pending in the cirowt and district courts of the United States on tho 1st day of July, 1883, was 3,808, of which 1,884 were for violations of internal revenuo laws, while the number of such prosecutions pending on the 1st day of July, 1803, was 9,500, of which 4,200 were for violation of the internal revenue laws. ‘The expense of the United States courts, exclusive of judges' salarics, for the year endea July 1, 1885, was 82,874 and for the year ended July 1, 1803, $4.528,656.87. It is, “therefore, apparent that the reasons given in 1885 for a change in the manner of enforcing the fed- eral criminal laws have gained cogency and strength by lapse of time. 1 also heartily join the attorney general in recommending legislation fixing dogrees of the crime of murder within federal Jurisdiction, as has been done in many of the states, authorizing writs of error on behalt of the government in cases where tinal judgment is rendered against the sufticiency of an indicvment or against the government upon any other aquestion arising before actual trial, limiting the right of review in cases of felony, punishable only by fine and imprisonment,to the circuit court of appeais and making spoedy provision for the con- struction of such prisons and reformatories as may be necessary for the confinement of United States convicts, Thermometer of the Country's Busine The report of the postmaster goneral con- tains a dotailed statement of the operations of the Postoftice department during the last fiscal year and much interesting information wuching this important branch of the pub- lic servico. The business of the mails indi- cates with absolute certainty the condition of the business of the country, and depres- sion in ficancial affairs inovitably and quickly reduces the postal vevenues. There was a larger discropancy than usual between the postoffice receipts and _expendi- ures as the expected and unavoidable result of the distressing stringency which has pre- vailed throughout the country during much of the time covered by the postmuster gen- eral's report. At a date when better times were antici- pated it was estimated by his predecessor that the deficiency on the 30th day of June, 1893, would be but a little over $1,500,- 000. "It amounted, however, to more than £,000,000. At the same time and under the flueace of like anticipations estimates were made for the current fiscal year ending June 80, 1894, which exhibited a suplus of revenue ver oxpenditures of $872,245.71. but now, in view of the actual receipts and expenditures during that part of the current fiscal year dy oxpired, the present postmaster gen- imates that at its close, instead of a surplus, there will be a deficiency of nearly $,000,000. ‘The postoffice receipts for the last fiscal year amoanted to $75.590,933.16, and its ex- penditures to $31,074,104.90. This postofiice deficiency would disappear. or be immensely decreased, if less matter were carried free through the maits, an item of which s up- wards of 300 tons of seeds and grain from the Agricultural department. Increased Roll ot Postoffice: The total number of postofices in the United States on the 30th aay of June, 1 was 68,403, an increase of 1,234 over the pre- ceding year. Of these 8,360 were presiden- tial, an increase in that class of 204 over the preceding year, Forty-two free delivery oftices were added during the year to those already existing, making a total of 610 cities and towns pro- vided with free delivery on June 30, 1893, Ninepy-three other cities anud towns are now entitled to this service under the law, but it has not been accorded them on ac- count of insufficient funds to meet the ex- pense of its establishment. T am decidedly of the opinion' that the pro- visions of the present law permit as general an introduction of this feature of muail service as is nccessary or justifiable, and that it ought not to be extended to smaller communities than are now designated. The expense of free delivery for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1504, wiil be more than $11,000.000, and under legislation now exist- ing there must e a constant increase in this item of expenditure. ‘There were 6,101 additions to the domestic money order offices during the last fiscal year, being the largest increase in any year since the inauguraticn of the system The total number of these ofiices at the close of the year was 18,434, “Tliere were 13,309,735 money orders issued from these offices, being an increase over vhe vreceding yoar of 1,240,200, aud the value of these orders amounted to §1 ) increase of § (32, ‘T'he issued during the year postal notes amount- ing to $12,008,070.73, During the year 195 international money order oftices were added to those already provided, naking a total of 2.407 in opera- tion on June 30, 1593, The number of inter- national ey orders issued during the vear-was 1,055,099, an increase over the pre- of 72,525, und their value was ase of $1,221,500.31. aid was 800,917, an increase over vhe preceding year of 13,503, and their value was $5,283,575.70, an incroase of $04,004.53, From the foregoing statements it appears that the total issue of money orders und postal notes for the year amounted to $156,- 821,348, 24. Special Delivery and Raitway Matl Service, The number of letters and packages mailed 1 the year for special delivery was 3,- 7 i3, an increase over the preceding year of nearly 22 per ¢ The special delivery stamps used upon these letters and packages amounted to #337,500.50, and the messengers’ fees paid for their delivery amounted to ,502.71, leaving a profit 10 the Rovern- ment of $50, 9. ‘The rallway mail service not only adds to the promptness of mail delivery at all oftices, but it is the special instrumentality which puts the smaller and way places 1 the service on an equality in that regard with the larger and terminal offices. This branch of the postal service has there- fore received much uttention from tho post- master general, and though it is gratifying 1o know that it is in a condition of high efticiens nd great usefulness, I am led to agree with the postmaster general that there is room for its further improvement. There are now connecteu with the post- office establishment 28,324 employes who are within the classified service, The head of this great department gives conclusive ovi- denceof the value of civil s reform, when, after an experience that renders his {ungmunb on the subject absolutely reliable, ho expresses the opinion that without thé benefit of thia system it would be impossi- :»1;; 10 conduct the vast business intrusted to him, (] 1 desire to commend as especially worthy of prompt attention the suggestions of the postmaster general in relation toa wmore sensible and businesslike organization ana & better distribution of responsibility in bhis department. Delays in Naval Building, The report of the secretary of the navy contzins & history of the operations of his department during the past year and exhibits a most gratifying conditiun of the personnel of our navy. Ho presents u satis- Inctory account of the progress which has been wade in the construction of vessels and makes a number of recommendations o which attention is especially 1nvited During the past six months the demand for eruising \essels have been many and urg- eut. There have been revolutions callivg for vessels Lo protect American interests Nicaragua, Guatewala, Costa Kl Hon duras, Argentioa and Brazil, while the con- dition of affairs in Honolulu has required the constant presence of one or more ships. With all these calls upon our navy, it be- States atlorneys, warshals, clerks of federal l camic necessary, ib order Lo wako up 4 sull- | cient floet to patrol the Bering sea under the modus vivendt agreed upon with Great Britain, to detail to that service one vessel from the fish commission and three from the revenue marine. Progress {n the construction of new ves- sels has not been as rapid as was anticl- pated. There have boen delays in the com- pletion of unarmed vessels, but for the most part_ they havo been such as aro constantly occurring, even in countries having tho largest experience fn naval ship building. “The most serious delays, howover, have boen in the work upon armored ships. ‘The trouble has been the failure of contractors to de- liver armor as agreed. The difficulties seem now, however, to have en all and’armor 1s being delivered with satisfs oLy promptuess. A sult of the experience acquired by ship builders and designers and material men it is believed thut the dates when ves. sels will bo completed can now be estimated with reasonable ac rapid-firing guns, tory being promptly suppiied. The following vossels of the new navy have been completed and are now ready for servico: ‘The double-turreted coast defense monitor Miantonomah, the double-turreted oy, ( RunS, oes ana powder are const defonse monitor_ Monterey, the ar: mored cruiser New York, the protected cruisers Baltimore, Chicago, Philadelphia, Newarlk, San Francisco, Charleston, Atlanta and Boston; tho cruiser Detroit, the gun- boats Yorktown, Concord, Bennington, Machias, Castine and Petrel; the dispateh vessel Dolphin, the practice vessel Bancroft and the dynamite gunboat Vesurius, Of theso the Buueroft, Machias, Deiroit and Castine have been placed in commission aur- ing the current caleudar year. Expenaive Vessels Under Constraction, “The following vessels aro in progress of construction: ‘The second class battle ships Maine and Texas, the cruisers Montgomery and Marblehead and the coast defense moni- tors Terror, Pur Amphitrite and Monadnock, all of which will be completed in one year; the havbor defense ram Katah- din and the protected cruisers Columbia, Minneapolis, Olympia, Cincinnati _and L will bo comploted ; the first ¢ battle- Towa, Indiana, Massachusetts and gon, which will be comploted February 1, 1806, and the armored cruiser Brooklyn, which will be completed by August Lof that year. It is also expected that the three guuboats authorized by tho last congress will be completed in less than two years. Since 1886 congress has at each session au- thorized the bwilding of one or more vessels, and the secrotary of the navy presents an earncst plea for the continuance of this plan, He recommends the nuthorization of at least one battleship and six torpedo boats. Whila ILam distinctly in favorof consistently pur- suing the policy we have inaugurated of building up a_thorough and eficient navy, cannot refrain from the suggestion that the congress should carefully take into account the number of unfinished vessels on our hands and the depleted condition of our treasury in considering the proprioty of an appropriationat this time to begin new work. The method of employing mechanical labor at navy yards through boards of labor, and making efciency the sole test by which la- borers are employed and continued, is pro- ducing the best results and the secretary is earnestly devoting himself to its develop- ment. Attention is invited to the state- ments of his report in regard to the work- ings of the system. Raleigh, all of wh prior to July 1, 1 ship Hoke's Pension Pollcy Sustained. The secretary of the interior has the su- pervision of so many i . that his report is of spe terest. ial value and in- On the 30th day of June. 1503, thero were _on the pension rolls 966,012 names, an increase of 89,044 over the num- ber on the rolls June B0, - 1892, Of these there were 17 widows and daugh- ters of revolutionary soldiers, 8 survivors of the war of 1812, 5,425 widows of soldiers of that war, 21418 siirvivors ana widows of the Mexican war, 3,882 survivors and widows of Indian wars, 284 army nurses and 475,64 survivors and widows and_children of de- ceased soldiers and sailors of the war of the revellion. The latter nmmber represents those_pensioned on account of disabilities and death resulting from army and navy servico. The number of persous remaining on the rolls June 30, 1893, who. were pen- sioned under the act of June 27, 1890, which allows pensions on acco of death and disabilities not rge- able to ' army service, was 453,155 The number added to the rolls during the year was 123,634, and the number dropped ivas 83,690. ‘The first paymonts on_pensions. allowed during the year amounted to § 570,640.98. © This includes arrears cumulation between the time from the allowance of pension date of actually granting the certificate. Although the law of 1590 permits pensions for disabil- ities non-related to military service, yet as o requisite to its benetit a disability must ex- ist incapacitating applicants from the per- formance of manual labor to such a degree as to render them unable to earn asupport. The execution of this law in its r stages does'not seem to have been in accord with its true intention, but toward the close of the lust administration an authoritative struction was given to the statute, ana si that time this construction has b followed. This has had the effectof limit- ing the operation of the law 10 its intended purpose. The discovery having been made that many names had been put upon the pension roll by meal wholesale and gigantic frauds, the commissioner suspendod payments upon & number of pensions which seemed to be fraudulenr or unauthorized pending a complete examination, giving notice to the pensioncrs in order that they might have au opportunity to establish, if possible, the justice of their claims, notwithstanding appavent iuvalidity. Yenslon Principls Perverted, This, I understand, is the practice which has for a long time prevailed in the pension bureau. Butafter entering upon these re- cent investigations the commissioner modi- fied this rule so as not to allow, until after complete examination, interference with the payment of a pension apparently not alto- gother void, but which me had been fixed ata rate higher than that authorized by law. 1 am unable to understand why frauds in the pension rolls should not be exposed and corrected with thoroughness and vigor. Every name fraudulently which id the time upon these vrolls is a wickea im- position upon the kindly sentimont in which pensions have their origin. Iver, fraudulent pensioner has become a bad citi- zen; every false oathi in support of a pension has mace perjury more common, and false and undeserving pensioners rob the people, not only of their money, but of the patriotic sentiment which the survivors of a war fought for the preservation of the union ought to inspive. Thousands of neighbor- hoods have their well known fraudulent pen- sioners, and recent developments by the bureau establish appalling conspiracies to accomplish pension frauds. By no means the least wrong done is to brave and desery- ing pensioners, who certainly ought not o be condemned to such acsoc Those who attempt m the line of du rectify these wrongs should not be accused of enmity or indiffcrence to the claims of honest veterans. The sum expended on account of pensions for the year ending June 30, 1803, was $1506,- 740,467 14, The commissioner estimates that $165,000,000 will be required to pay peusions during the year ending June 80, 1804, udition of the Indinns, The condition of the Indians and their ultimate fate are subjects which are velated toa sacred duty of the government and which strongly appeal to tho sense of justice aud the sympathy of our people. Our Indians nuniber about 245,000, most of them located on 161 reservatious, conlain- ing 50,116,531 acres of land. About 110,000 of these Indians have, to a large degree, adopted civilized customs. Land in severalty has been alloted to many of them. Such allotment has been made to 10,000 individuals during the last fis vear, embracing about 1,000,000 acres. The numberf of Indian wschools opened during the year was 195, an increase of twelve over the preceding: year. Of this total, 170 were on reservations, of which seventy-three were boarding schools and ninety-seven were day schools. Tweuty boarding schools and five day schools supported by the government wero not located on reservations. ‘I'he total num- ber of Indian children eurollea during the year as attendants at all schools was 21,188, an increase of 1,231 over the envollment of the previous yesr. I am sure that secular education and moral and religious teaching must be important factors in any effcrt to save the Indian and lead him to civilization. 1 believe,ton, that the relinquisnment of tribal relations and the holding of land in severalty in fuvorable condiidons,aid vhisconsum- mation. It seems to me, however, ihat &l lotments in soveralty ought to bo made with great care and ciroumspection, It hastily done, before the Indian knows its meaning, while yet ho has iittle ot no idea of tilling a farm and no conception of thrift, there is great danger that a reservation life in tribal relations may be exchanged for tha pauperism of civilization instead of its inde. pendence and elevation. ‘T'he salution of the Indian problom depends very largely upon ®ood administration. The personal fitness of agents and = their adaptability to the peculiar duty of caring for themr wards s of ' the utmost importance. The law providing that, excopt in especial cases, army officers shall be detailed In: dian agents, it is hoped will prove a success ful oxperiment Thero is danger of great abuses creeping into the prosecation of claims for [ndian depredations, and I recommend that overy possibie safeguard bo provided against the enforcoment of unjust and fievitious claims of this description ‘The appropriations on account of the In dian bureau for ending Juno 80, 1864, amount to 9, a decroaso as gompared with the year preceding it of 837, Land Sharks Denounced, I'he vast area of land which but a short time ago constituted the public dymain 18 rapidly falling into private hands. It is cer tain that in that transfer the beneficent {n tention of the government to supply from fts domains homes 1o the industrious and worthy homeseckers is ofton frustrated through the speculator who stands hextortionate pur pose between the land offico and those who, with their families, are invited by the gov ernment to settlo on the public tands, He is a despicable character who ought not to be tolerated. Yet it is dificult to thwart his chemes, The recent opening 1o set- tiement of the lands in the Chero ‘»‘wu outlet, embracing an area of 0,000 acres, notwithstanding the utmost e in framing the regulations governing the seloction of locations, and notwithstand. ing the presence of United States troops. furnished an exhibition, though pernaps ie a modified degree, of the mad soramble, the violence, and the fraudulent pation which nave accompanied previous openings of public lands. 1 concur with the secretery in the belief that these outrageous incidents cannot be entirelv prevented without o change in the laws on the subject,and I hope his recommendations in that direction will be favorably considered. 1 especially commend to the attention of the congress the statements contained in the secretary’s report concerning forestry. The time has come when efticient measures should be taken for the preservation of out forests from indiscriminate and remediless destruction. Secretary Morton's Economy. The report of the sccretary of agriculture will be found exceedingly interesting, espe- pecially to that large part of our citizens in- timately concerned in agricultural occupa tions . y On the 7th d; of March, 1803, there wer upon its pay rolls KNOWLEDGE Brings comfort and improvement an¢ tends to Hemmal enjoyment when rightly used. The many, who live bet- ter than others and enjoy life more, with less expenditure, by more promptly ndapting the world’s best products tc the needs of physical being, will attest the value to health of the pure liquid laxative principles embraced in "the remedy, S{mp of Figs. Its excellence is due to its presenting in the form most acceptable and pleas- ant to the aste, the refreshing and truly beneficial properties of a perfect lax: ative; effectually cieansing the system, dispelling colds,” headaches and fevers mul permanently curing constipation. It has given satisfaction to millions and met with the approval of the medical profession, because it acts on the Kid- neys, Liver and Bowels without weak. ening them and it is perfectly frec from every objectionable substance. Syrup of Figs is for sale by all drug: gists in 60c and $1 bottles, but it is mun: ufactured by the California Fig Syrup Co. only, whose name is printed on cvery package, also the name, Syrup of Figs, and being well informed, you will not accept any substitute if offered. LOVISVILLE Ar ot »Q Catireh Powic O Al draiielabs BIRNE AMUSIEMIENTS BOYD'S T TAST TiME. [T WE Tonight's the Night, and the Only Night THE HOW, GSUCCESS PETER F. 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