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ENCLISH VILLAGE VISTAS Lines of Lonely Lifo in Happy Old Land Hamlets, HOME COMFORT IN PICTURESQUE SETTING British Peasant's (Lot Not sn Unhappy On once and Content General Types in Different Parts of the Country. [Copyrighted, 1891.] Lowxvox, April 17.—[Correspondence of Tus Bre. | After all, though the antiquar- fan, historic and picturesque features of English villages provide endless fascination and charm, their human interest has the strongest hold upon the observant mind and sympathetic nature They are by no means alike though univer- sally possessing similar characteristics, and very many are strikingly typical of them all Those most like the Knglish villages of liter ature will be found in the castern, midland and southern shires, from Lincoln around to Devon, and these comprise far ¢ number. Those differing most from each other, and occasionally separately as well as a whole from all others, are those of the northwestern shires; the northwestern mid land shires where trial development has created a host of comparatively modern hamlets; the western contral t the Malvern and Cot hills ¢ the antiquity of all villages is ve at; and those of Cornwall,where race distinetion has left strongly marked iliarities in guage, customs, and and village among the lowly The peasants of Cumberland and West moreland, who are nearly all villagers, most of the former being “statesmen,” that owners in fee of their tiny estates, are as a rule “house-proud.” In years of wandering among the lowly of European countries 1 bave never come upon any rustic folk the exteriors of whose habitaiions were more picturesque, or whose interiors were such shining cxamples of homely comfort and cou tent. There are, of coursc. exceptions. Now and then you will find hamlets like Watend lath, hidden among the fells between Borrow dale and Thirlmere, where may be seen the sodden squalor oceasionally met among the unfortunate Scottish westcoast crofters and in the Irish westcoast fishing villages, Their nouses are dark and unwholesome, the floors uneven, the furniture crazy, the men clad in ragged fustian and the women coarse wool and wooden clogs. These a shoep herders under a luter sort of fendal ism. In everysuch case the history is, their forefathers sold their little “estates™ to en croaching land-grabbers, and their children are consequently today in a condition of serfdom Precisely as in Wordsworth's time you will find outside the Cumbrian villagers cc tages the shade of grand old sycamores and always “a tall fir through which the winds sing when other trees are leafless:” a near ritlor spring spout with its ceascless wim le; a comely garden, comfortable stone out {:\lllllmuu for grain and for winter housing of the cows and tiny but hardy Cumbrian sheep, and always the shed for the hives of bees which distill from the mountain heath the darkest but ever the sweetest honey in the world. These village home interiors are no less characteristic. The floors are of the same huge slates as those covering the roof. They are scrubbed ana cleaned until they shine like dusky mirrors. Frequently you will find them, particularly near the door and fire- place, Seiomniad Wit white oot wod ve million chalk in figures and seroll work em- bodying strange fancics in rustic art. The itving room, or “fire house,” us it is called, is always very large for a cottage, often from_eighteen to twenty-five feet square, low, but with the richest of old and polished oaken beams 1n the ceiling. Indeed, old ouk may be found in these Cumbrian village homes in profusion. The long, solid table with benches at its sides where the *‘statesman,” his family and laborers sit together at meals and of even- ings in winter; the *long settle” or two- yards long seat at one side of the great fire- place, and the ‘'scone” on the other side, under which the night's fuel, called an “elden,” is placed; the chairs, huege and high and requiring a strong arm to move them; the high, narrow, sprawling-legged bureaus; the many iron or brass bound chests; the beds huge and strong enough to hold giants, for these Cumbrians are often tremendous in stature—are of oak, curiously carved and wonderfully polished All this is sometimes varied by pieces of mahogany almost as unique as can be found among the peasant homes of Brittany From this large, clean “fire-house” or living room there aro inall directions inviting vistas through wide, low doors and cozy stone “lean-tos,” perhaps each one built in a differ- ent century, to tiny-paned windows, splayed like turret windows, white with inner cur- tains, and in summer ablaze with outer bud and blossom. These villagers rooted to the land which gave them birth not only by the sacred ties of heredity, but by the to them more priceless heritage of ownership, neither emigrate nor flock to the congested towns. Here is rare rural England as it has for centuries been, among & type of independ- ent, half defiant folk, whose simplicity, plety, hardihood and solidarity compel genuine admiration and respect, Many of the comparatively modern villages of Yorkshire, Larcashire. Derbyshire and Staffordshire, the village homes of opera- tives in mines, mills ana_potteries, are far prettier and more comfortable than even many Englishmen would have us believe. A half dozen different religions fighting tooth and nail for their piety and pence, the vague unrest that comes through almost unlimited access to newspapers and books, and the changed standards of necessities and luxuries pressing sorely upon the highest limitations of even largely increased wages. have given the villagers of this type of hamlets an en tirely different mental and material mold. 1 would not say that they are happier for the change, but their homes, food, labor, wage and environment are, as we measure things. infinitely superior to those of the same class from a half ce 10 » centu; Many of these hamlets are massod about by trees, have cturally beautiful little churches, chapels, club houses, libraries and the neatest of shops. Noarly all are tidy and cl The potters villages of Stafford shire are good illustrations of them all ‘Witnin a five mile radius of Hanley, Burslem and Stoke you can find 10,000 homes of pot tors, nearly all in pretty hawmlets or in shady nes, and villages of long. sit The poorest potter of the district lives as snugly as did the masterpotter manufacturer of forty and fifty years ago «lis cottage is of brick. It nas two stories and the biessing of perfect drainage. On the ground floor are a parlor with a pretty fireplace, o large living room provided with a huge grate, hobs and ‘jockey-bar" for swinging pots and kettles; and behind this is a scullery, with a fine littlo garden at the rear. The upper floor comprises two large sleeping rooms. This gives every family completely detached h dinary workien earn weekly. If there happen to be daughters, one may be a ‘paintress,” coloring the cheaper wares and carning '8 shillings, and perhaps auother a ‘burnisher,” earning 6 shillings, per week. Many families thus se- cure from i to 40 shillings per week, while their rent and rates do not exceea b shillings per weel for such & home. Nearly all of these workmen's homes have front-area tower plats gardens of all are mazes of flow and beds of vegotables in summer parlor has its solemn voiced ‘g clock.” 1t also boasts chests of iy ers of comfor the indu shires amon, old wh e home life is, a five-roomed, use and garden. O om 25 to 30 shillings village In the rs and vines n, draw ble clothing, and many cheap and pretty pieces of furniture; while on the mantel or bureau top is always found some fanciful sketeh, painting or curious model, the result of emulation to win vrizes for in vention i new processes. or for unique and original designs in modeling and decoration The murderous “truck’ systew is unknown in England, as it should be in America; and every penny due overy man is paid him each Saturday unoon. We a very fond, about election time, of telling our workmen what lucky dozs they are. 1 wish they truly pos- sessed the home comfort ana pleasant en vironment that English workmen's villages almast universally disclose. e Another and nost interesting type of wvillages and villago Life may be found in the on comprised in southwestern Warsrick- shiro, worthern Gloucestershire, eastern Herefordshire and southorn Worcestershire, | between the towns of Hereford, Worcester and Glouceste antiquity of most of these vilinges is as great and their charagteristics distine tive as those of the stone hamlets of Cum berland. Like the latter, most are of stone and from 300 to 50 years old. Here is ever, thing curious and ancient in old ok doors and hinges, fanciful chimney pieces, massive oak lintels, doors and balustrades, mullioned windows and paneled rooms. When the habitations not of stone they are the still more picturesque ancient Tudor half timbered houses, These if their gables, with crowning pinnacles, their odd porches, small but massive doors, mullioned wi dows and huge chimneys, overhanging stories and Jumbles oi projecting windows, are no less quaint and curious than their in teviors, with their ow-ceilinged roows paneled with oak of cbon darkness, often elaborately carved and ornamentea, and with passages, nooks, niches, cupboards and presses, bewildering in arrangement and number. Each spacions, village orchard farm house and cotter's hom stunds in its own brilliant with sprays of pink and white, or with balls of russet and gold, ac cording to the season. Chafiinchies and robins are among the mosses in all these or chards ; blackbirds and thrushes every where in the thick gurden shrubberics and “in t tangled coppices and hedgerows, The stag s are here just as of old. So arc r, the ¢ the thatcher, tiley drainer, the plownian ephierd, th field laborer and even the poacher. cedless of reform as Cuban and all with kindly faces and specch b cning sturdy pride in their vocations wvere the toil of their fathers before the Ihere is no elbowing tling harr iniz or hurrying. Everybody vs, dozes or labors as t I eotiten r paid pen alty to waut. An atn strained amplitudo bro ireds of the olden surely here in a 1 change. Unless one has really wandered in buttressed old Cornwall it is hard to that outside the picturesque coastwise fish ing hamlets there is such a thing as charac tervistic village life. To the casual observer from the railway train, the whole face of the land seews torn and scarred as if by tie nendous elemental s Amyriad hiss ing fragments of exploded planets, hurled in awful upper rain upou its face.could have left no more unsightly hurts, But it is full of entrancing hidden nooks, where, sloping from ragged moorlands, are beauteous iittle valleys with ample farms, lessening into tinier checkers of hedge and lanebrowdered fields and these into mossy old hamlets, where the white Wesleyan chapel and the Norman towered parish church are the only two structures showing through a wealth of trees, but where are curious old homes and always a bawling moorland stream turning the gray, huge wheel of some trembliug otd mill Hor work moors, vith whieh Engiish village ivn that kno miles perhaps from their *pairdner “helow gt in the mines oun the “Coden (cousin) Jack' of colter laborers upon the farms. Wherever these village cottaces are their walls are of everlasting stone, em bowered in brilliant Cornish creepers and roses, with coment floors and thatehed roofs subject to interminable repairs from on- slaughts of scores of busy sparrows, tiny ners_themselves, endlessly sinking shafts and drilling “crosscuts” and *levels” in the soft and yielding straw. There is one roc below, sometimes two, and a_half-story gar ret beneath the thatch. There is only a front door. A window is at either side of this and sometimes directly above these tiny panes to light the garret. KEach cot- tage is provided at the end or back with an open fireplace in the center, & sort of range at one side, covered with brass ornaments, which the housewife is endlessly polishing with growder, while at the other side is th “Sungeoner” with “heps” or upper and under doors, for storing faggots or furze {or fuel, The furniture though scant is honest and useful. At the fireplace are the “brandes,” a triangular iron on legs on which, over the coals, the kettles boil, the circular castiron baker” is set and the fish or meat, when they can be luckily had, are “scrowled” or grilled There are, perhaps, four chairs singularly enough with solid mahogany frames, but the seats are of painted pine and are waxed weekly. These are for “‘best,” and ull the best.” For every day use one or two “firms” of rude benchés are provided. ‘The single table is of pine, an unpainted side for daily use, and scrubbed daily, and a painted side for Sunday. The table ware is something startling in cheap goods, for the gypsy hawkers frequent Cornwall, and each member of the familyis provided with a Al “chany cup and saucer with a gorgeous gilt band. For his class the Cornish villager is a gen- erous liver. The young folk have an unus- ual fund of games distinctive of Cornwall; marriages provide extraordinary festivals: the dead are “watched” from decease to burial and funerals provide subdued aiver- sions with heroic feasts; leaping, wrestling. running, cricket and *“‘putting the stonc' are the principal amusemonts of youths and men, in which they excel; and their count- less endeared hobgoblins and *buccaboos,” which Wesley and Whitfield along with the railways and telegraph were never able to “lay,” draw these sturdy Cornish villagers closer together around the flashing village smiithy forge, the Cornishman’s chief place of evening resort, or within the home glow of their blazing mgle-nooks, during the long winter nights when the cruel fogs pound in over the moors from the seething channel, or the tempests howl across the dreary, shuddering moors, Practically all English vi laborers, whether operatives wagoners, thatchers, drainers, or common fleld laborers, just as they have been for hundreds of years. There may be a publican or innkeeper, a shopkeeper who is postmas- ter or postmistress, a carpenter, who is often a painter, undertaker, verger and graved ger in one, a baker, a tailor, a blacksmith and a poacher, for the latter is in every ham. let in Britain, all great oracles in their way. But three families of quality, and frequently uot that many, are known—those of the lora of the manor or the squire, the rector or the curate and the schoolmaster: for the doctor is always summoned from a near city or town. English village life is therefore found to lie within a wonderfully close horizon. I have been much with these folk in their labor, thewr diversions and their homes. After looking at them long and. earnestly with my own eyes, I have tried to get, as nearly as possible, into their personal environment and then look out of the windows of their minds and their habitations upon the every- day world about them. In this way a good deal that is not hopeless and much that is gratifying can bo discerned. It is cortainly true that an - infinitely higher standard of life and living is enjoyed than in the ‘good old days” whose depirture the wise writers s0 bitterly deplore. Universal education has certainly universal discontent. But I do not car from youth to old age. By the time these folk are 20 or 25 years of age the for- mentation period is passed. Some go away to the cities, as with us, or o America or Australia; but those who remain ave better laborers, villagers and citizens. The English veasant clod has thus almost entirely disap- peared, You will not see very much knee- crooking, head-ducking and tuft-pulling to superiors, while there is no less genuine kindheartedn e 't Smock frocks aud corduroys ur uent. So are the feasts and gorgings aud guzzlings. But these villagers ave less gross. Jhey are of better stuff. They have more wholesome food to eat, and A ereater variety. They know something about hygiene. They iusist on food drainage. In ‘humble fashion they peautify their habitations without anid within. What has been lost in the rough and often brutal amusements of the olden time has been more than gained in and for the home. There are books and newspape and prints in it. The fireside is even grander place than the parson's lawn or the brawling street. In a word, without having lost a jot of their value as laborers and se vauts they have emerged from the condition of soaden male and female hinds to that of self-respecting men and women With this has come an individual love for the village home and the home village. The thrilling history of many a place, its anty quarian marvels, its ancient legends, folk lore and even superstitions, are no longer he exclusive possession of I.ondon savants, A deep and steadfast interest of this sort is flaring up among them. « It bodes ill to the alo house. Along with it surely comes an ethical development. They are beginning to share with the historian, the artist, t novelist, the vagrant wanderer like you and perception of the matchloss beauty of their enveronment. ‘That alone is proving a wighty factor in preserving all that is teu- der, sweet and sacrod about them for the exquisite delight of alien eyes. Evean L. WAKEMAN, re folk are shepherids, 1sed think it | which | tae THE ACOUIRING -~ ALIEN TONGUES Methods of Learning Modern Langunages Dis- cussed by an Exparieaced Teacher. ANALYSIS OF THE NEW GOUIN SYSTEM Widely Advertised rrof. K Lingual Seie dngogles [Communieat A Royal Road to Learning Languages the heading of an article in the March num ber of the Review of Reviews in which Mr Stead, the London editor of the magazine, reports the results obtained in his family by the Gouln method of tesching lauguages. That the method of teaching langua now followed in ny schools and colleges will be displaced by some better one within and that the ss of learning languages will bo mad cientific and fruitful pro be doubted. But while we we have some insight into the matter. oI the methods yet largely in cautious und’ conscrvative so teachers who do not [ i aceustomed method, by which heretofore very fair results have beci whieved, immediately upon the announce ne new sensational thing crying Lurcka,™ and which is apt to lead the un wary follower into chaos. [ utitled The Art of Teaching ind wying Languages,” Prof. Gouin teaches many facts about langusge teaching which undoubtedly are and have been known and applicd to a greater or less extent by ers of our time and of tiuies gone by ; but he teaches also certain principles which are an entirely new depart- having not been comprised before in any known method. Although he may the first one to voice and publish the former, it is, of course, the latter ouly to which the wime Gouin's method can properly be ap plicd, i e., to that wherein his method differs from others. It has been known before now that the learner should have for excreises sentences which bear a distinct and sensible meaning and are true in substance and in fact; that the learner should be given the word orally first, b he sees the printed word, and this several times successively and method- ically until it is engraven on his memory that” only after he thoroughly knows th meaning and pronunciation should he be allowed to see the written and printed word ; that no rule should begiven an abstract condition. Now the Gouin course does distinguish itself from all others in the following important pomts: The exercises are a scries of sente all logically connected and given in the order in the facts would necessarily occur, their aggregate describing, for instance, the life of a plant from the seed to the fruit, the tilling of the soil, describing in the samc natural order animals and men in their va rying pursuits, mechanical and otherwise I'hus the first link suggests the nex on to the last, and the rever Each phrase has a set measure and limit. While other courses embrace but from 2,000 to 4.000 words, leaving the student to increase his vocabulary by reading the literaturc of the language, Prof. Gouin states that his fes have been compiled to cover a field of over 20,000 words, the knowledge and use of which would give ove, of course, a complete mastery of the language. He divides his material into objective language on the one hand and subjective ana symbolical language on the other, Now in a well written narrative, the epi- sodes of which it is composed stand to each other and usually follow each othér in logical sequence, but of course not in as rigid a scuse as the sprouting will follow the sow- ing. Yetin attempting to give the analysis of actious in terse sentences, one student would undoubtedly think of more details than another, thus precluding the possibility of teaching the series without the aid of the student's mother tongue, nor does Gouin ad- vocate that it should be excluded. Many persons scem to think that the “natural® method of studymg a foreign tongue must be one in which the student's native language is not wused as an aid. Nothing can be more erroneous. The appearance of any well known object can be recalled to one’s mind as vividly by its name being uttered by showing the ob- ject or a picture thereof. Only in the former sase one has to bo attentive to the subject in question to be able to exercise his visual memory upon it. It may be more primitive to walk than to ride, but certainly not more natural. To resort to doubtful gestures to make one's self understood, while a single word could call uj in the pupil's mind at his will the object in plain enough outlines before the mental eye, and as for that any other impression, with all the vividness desired, if he will make but a slight effort mentally to make appear real to himself. To resort to gestu to mimicry, is surely a desperate means and can never be the quickest method of making the pupil thiuk in the language taught. It 18 true that if the student is to think in the foreign tongue he must see, hear and feel that of which the foreign phrase is the ver- bal expression while he utters the same; it is not true that Knglish must be entirely ex- cluded from a course in order that it will not wedge itself between the idea and the foreign phrase. Anyone can see a table while he does so pronounce the German word for it, tisch, or he can say wann (when) and be aware that he is inquiring for time, excluding the English word from his mind temporarily after it has served its purpose of suggesting to him the correct idea. Prof. Gouin has set forth his method ver: ably and lucic He scems to have antic pated and answered every objection that might suggest itself to the thoughtful reader and competent critic. Of course, it is easy to make any number of plausible objections and unfivoraple comments, but to present objections that will stand is something ~ which in this secwms extremoly diffeult to do. Finally, Prof Gouin advocates. that geography. physics and other science ~ branches could be taught in the foreign tongue, thus making it serve a double purpose, but in voicing this theory he is also neither alone nor first. On the whole, however, it may be suid that Prof. Gouin's book will rank as a classic in pedagogics. He appears to have made his case and it is questionable whether the principles referring to the study of foreign languages hav r been 0 coni pletely stated us he ted them with consummate skiil Prof. Gouin has not only voiced a_theo but he has, o we read, spent years in giving it tangible shape in compiling a series ready to be used as @ text, and comprising over 20,000 words, and this wark has undoubtedly been the greatest benefit Prof. Gouin has rendered, But what about the result of the experi- ment rveferred to in the March number of the Review of Reviews! Five children of Mr. Stead were taught French for six months after the Gouin method by Prof Betis, a disciple of Prof. Gouin. He had come from Paris to London to introduce the method there, “Three of these five chil dren,” we quote, “had previously for some time been iearning French with their tutor, Dr. Barns. They had been through Badois' mmar and various conversatioual and other exercises and were as far advanced as are most pupils who have undergone the regular training under the ordinary methods.” This means that they had re- ceived the equivalent of at least two full years of ordinary instruetion under 4 special tutor prior to their beginning to study by Gouin method. By the latter these three ' wore then tructed twe every da for- six months. They were constantly together and had thus of course an excellent oppor- tunity to practice. ‘I'he results that were accomplished, as set forth in-the article, were certainly unususl and very praisewor. thy, but not remarkable, and it1s to be re- grotted that the experiment «does not tur nish us with a standard of comparison, as th method was applied under conditions diftc ing from those under which other methods are generally used. Other methods of re- pute are the Meistersciaft system, the Prendergast system, Deyspring Cumulative method, the Berlitz method and the Ssuveur method. Unbappily, we have not soen ough of the -latter two methods 10 discuss them here Botween the Meisterschaft system and gast system sowe simiarity exisis. In either a certain number of sentences ilustrative of the various constructions are a fow years, proc a more practical tare, can hard] may, proviaing e justly fenounce som voirul 18t b wur eriticis many stuceessful teac OMAHA DALY BEE: SUNDAY, APRIL 30, mmitted not permit saying mor tain some good hints, but the nameof a completo method. In the hands of their authors thess books undoubt edly become formiduble tools, for the author will bury his usigsm and original thought into his class, but beyond this they must loave preference to the others. Drevspring has a mothod which he carries out consistently. His vocabulary ox tracted from u German fairy tale, and to the proper understanding of this all the exer lead up. The first words given are chair,” “floor," “stove,” “stovepip the like, presumably bicauso these obje can be pointed out or because they lieved to be part of what is called an ondi nary vocabulary. The Jatter, however, does not apply ; these words may be a considel able part of the everyday conversation of rpenter or house furnisher, but they are far less commonly used by the averago son than many abstract words. 1f o must needs begin “with a” noun, a name of some thing which can be shown, why did he not begin with the word “dollar” and thus secure the intercst of his audience, He could make the dollar jingle and appeal at once ty the visual memory, the auditory memor§ aud the entir mo tional centér of his Student. In the second or third losson sentonves aro introduced like Where is the yort It 18 in the wall “Where is the ceiling? Tt is over the bed is the bedi in the r is the room! the hous tosay that 't sentences wo eeur in - this combination pupil’s mind and expe will therofore remain abstract went's mind wi T to thines real to hi will exercise his phrase a stead of exercising it upon fact. The second part of Dreyspring book has many redeeming qualities. It con sists almost catirely of lotters, in th withor displays great 1 that they con neither deserves th in imagination —th nd upon_ the G rian position of which the ingenuity To know n language ginning of knowing how to teach it. To teach it well with economy of time and strength is a high art, Any so-called method not based upon scientitic principles wakes suspicion of charlatanry ‘There are many who covet the vower of foreien tongues ; why do so few at- init? The best answer, perhaps, 18 be. use they do not understand the principles, psychological and physiological, which must ded by him who would master a lan guage. Both children and adults study lan pruages, aud what applics to the formoer will not apply in the samoe measure to the latter While the child learns new words and s in s mother tongue, he receives at same time new impressions and ideas; his vocabulary is gathered shortly after or simultancously with his acquirement of the idease of which such vocabulary is the ex vression. But in the adult’ learning a foreign languigze new words and phrases are so engrafted and stamped upon ide impressions with which he has long fumiline. “T'wo thines habitually seen, he or thought of together will remain associated in memory. [How does the Frenchman, the Italian, the Spaniard or the German ex- press his thoughts! Listen to a German With rapt attention aiding his method by good will that the hearing may be as acute as possible: you receive the sounds of the phrase which he pronounces, you hold it fast for a moment in the auditory memory, trying to remember distinetly even the in: structor’s voice, and then you reproducc to satisfy him and yourself that you ceived the sound Tully and correctly, the meaning of the phrase can be made known before or after. “The quickest,safest and most effective way to do this is to tell it in fEnglish teacher may then restassured that the pupil will associdte the German phrase at least with none other than its correct and aceu ate meaning, with no more and no less than the idea for which it stands. The exclusion of inglish from the very beginning of an elementary course, the instructor relying upon pictures and pantomime to make h self understood to an uncertain degree, may satisfy the listener for a time and make him leave the class room greatly elated that he has grasped and understood some German Swithout being told the meaning thereof in English werds.” But if he imagines that he has guined anything to last he s woefully mistaken. He will say “‘wie geht's” or *wie befinden Sie sich?” (how do you do?) when ever he has a chance and will walk on in glee if he has been understood; but let him ad- dress & German in o fow sentences 1 be- hold the latter's face grow long with a mix- ture of sympathy and irony as he tries sin- cerely but in vain to get any meaning out of the collection of twenty or more words in- coherently stammered forth, to be tried on him. If the listenet 1 kind he will say *ja, ja,” and walk on. The teacher must know how to keep the student at work the whole hour learn- ing, thinking and speaking correct German, ematically he will set different forms against each other and show him how such and such a course always produces such and such a change in the construction. He will have to give no rule then, for the pupil Las seen how the German, Frenchman, etc., as a rule, speaks. The teacher must have some 1dea of what goes on in his pupil’s mind. Five minute spent in trying to recollect a German phrase is a loss; five minutes spent in thinking the German yhrase is a gain, for German is not Inarned by trying to think it, but by think- ingit. In fact, progress in the language is determined b of times the Ger- man phrase is_thought correctly, as also by the deg of vividuess in which the thought is made real to the pupil, excluding all clse for the time being. The energy of the mind must not be spent in trying Lo ascertain the meaning of an instructor's gestures; as if by thinking nothing for five minutes one could remember something! Attention and interest can be secured in other way What time will be required by the student? According to Prof. ( are suficient to completely master a lan- guage by his method, providing these 900 hours are spread over o peviod of not longer than one year, or 365 days, which reduces it- self to two hours and a half a day. Iv certainly advantageous if the interval be- tween the lessons is short. in order that the foreign language may be given a fair chance for successful rivalvy with the learner's mother tongue. 1t is frequently stated that immigrants learn to speak fairly well within six months after their arrival, and many of who are innocent of knowing any lan » excepting their own, which they could help learning, would therefore urge their instructor to simply begin and tilk with them anyway anything, correcting them if they make a mistake, as 1f in this wise there would not be move mistakes than words. The fact is tl is deplovably slow in learning the languag of his adopted country, even if he along in his special routine at the end of months. For we must cousider that during such time he may have heard and seen Englisi from morning till nignt. while those immi grants who stay with those of their own na- tionality require years to learn to carry on the simplest kind of conversation in English, and many never progress beyond that writer of this claims that one hour daily for six months spent in his classes will enable a student to gain as good command of a language as even an educated immigrant will gain in six months so long as hoe relies upon **picking up the language." Can o language be learned without a teach To learn a language there must be intercourse between two ormore minds It cannot be learned out of books alone. The authors of some text books claim that it can be done; some books are written to sell, and sold they are,ethe books as well as the buyers. Of course, there may and then a particularly apt and diligent stu- dent who can make some headway with o book alone, but where one may succeed 100 at least will fail in the attempt. There ave some who eniertain the fond expectation of learning in few lessons (and no home study) how to carry On a couversation in a foreign tongue. Can we expect them to ap. preciate the workidone by the Gouin methaod ? be interesting here to give a few 1 dates concvruing the introduction e languages us a branch of study in schools of this country. We find that Columbia college established a chair of French in 1779 and ougof German five years later. William and Mary college introduced wodern languages in fis curriculum in 1782 Harvard provided ‘for a modern language professorship in 1813, Tue literature of well s only the be average uin, 900 hours A Tus A N PERFE AN IVOUECTHT BEST AND GOES FARTHE permit of its instantaneous pre) Highly Digestibl The | immigrant | 4 | I'ho ound now | 1893-TWENTY PAGE 8 ied years later when conserva tve Yale fell into line and accorded modern languages a place beskde the classie tongues. 1n most of the older fnstitutions now and in all of the more recently established ones two or more of the modern langugges are recognized as a both desirable and necessary part of any finished course of study. Until very recent times, however, little if any ut tention was given them. The relations be. twoen this country and the European countries, formerly of a purely diplo- natic and commercial nature have en strengthened lately by far-reaching social rolations which certainly give n great | impetus to the study of French and German, In Europe one can_ searcely make any claim 10 being even an ordinarily elucated person without having studied thoroughly at loast one foreign language. The necds of modern life are paromptorily demanding very much more devotion to the modera languages than has cver yot been accorded them, not that more ti need be given them than is now done at the average American coll but rather that ther knowledge be me diffused beyond the colloge. It has been Justly claimed that it is their supreme utility which raises them from the status of an accomplishment and makes them rank as wn integeal porcon of a liberal education Their study is also enjoyable ana is u liarty well fitted for classwor Revore Ear - No. 9 Whoeler & Wilson s a so rapid that it will stitch while on! two yards arc vibrating stuttle ma W, Lancaster & Co., vid 'he * stiteher yards of goods being stitehed ceine, Sold b, 514 S, 16Lh s n an Gt - loride of g Kansas politics put up for « that state, au date, all Keeley graluates Unlike the Duich Process (.4;- No Allnr:li(*fl ment has got Kevley ticket at Madison in essful, ev 1 being « her Chemiecals are used in the ot p& prejaration of 3 W. BAKER & €08 \\BreakfastCocoa &\ which is absolutely pure and soluble. asmore than three times trength of Cocon mixed W Starch, Arrowroot or Sugar, and is far more ecco- nomleal, costing less than ono eent a cup. It i3 delicious, nourishing, and EASILY DIGESTED, Sold by Grocers everywhere. W. BAKER & C0,, Dorchester, Mass TS CURED (From U, S. Journal of Medicine. Prof. W. 11 Pecke, whomakes aspecialty of Epilepsy, has without doubt treated and cured more cases than ng Physician ; hissuccessisastonis Wo eard of cases of 20 years' standing cured by hi Hepublishesavaluable work on this discase which ho ecnds with o large bottle of his absolute cure, free to any sufferer who muy send their 1,0, and Expressade dress. We advise anyone wishing a cure to address, Prof. W. IL PEEKE, F.. D., 4 Cedar St., New Yorle I WAS BIG. == 'I'WAS FAT. 'I FELT MEAN. I TOOK PILLS. I TOOK SALTS, I GOT LEAN. , i Handsome Women Can Lose Welgh Fast. Homely WNen Look Better if Thin. Try Dr. Edison’s System. No Dieting. Band worth Twice the Noney. Offica of H. M. Burton, Hardwa tion. T1l., Jan, 1. 15 Dr. Edison—Dear Sir: T am well pleased with your treatment of obesity. o hand Is worth twice the money 1t cost, for comfort. I hive reduced my woight ten pounds, | welgh 23 now, and I'did weigh 245, Yours truly, H. M. BURTON. They Are Doing Me Cood. Karlville, 1L, May 23, 150 Loring & Co: Inclosed find §2.50 for which p send mo the other two bottles of Dr. Edlion's (- es- ity Pills. 1have used ono andthink hey aro o ng tho work. 5. M. RALEY, P.O. Box 7., Talk So Much About Your Pills, Peorta, 111, June 1S, 1592, Dear Sirs: After hearing one of my friends talk 50 Euch about your Obosity Plils and the benetit ho is deriving from them | think [ willtry them mysolf Please send me 3 bottlos C. 0. 1k, and oblige, J.Mowiis 403 Perry Stroet. Foel Botter andWeigh 13 Pounds Less '\ Cary Sta- aso Goshen, Ind., Sopt. 15, 1502 Inctosed send you #1, for which you will please send mo throo hotties of the obesity piils Amtaking the forrth bottle and feol very muoch botter and welgh 13 pounds lass than when [ boga: taking them. | will continue your treatuent MOCONN South Sixth Streot. | Gentlemen Mts. J. ¢ An tndividual whoso height ls 5 foet 1inch d welgn ot inchos 'y ot 10 inches 125 pounds 160 (i 10 Dr. Edtaon says: 1t may be that'tn my exporionca, which 18 necessarily very considerable. many troublesomo skin disenses such acoszemn, azone. proriasis, uticarls, efc., are prim: arlly caukdd by obesity. and s the Tat and fiash Is reduced by the pills and Obeaity Fruft Saltant the action of the band these uifections have almost magically disapposrod | The Obosity Fraie <alt (s used In eonnection with the Pills or Bands, or both, One tanspooninl 1na | tumbler of water mukes & doliclous sodn. Tastes | woll to point out 1tko champal lio hany cost §2 50 each for any length up tnches, bufor one larger than 45 4 cents oxtra for each vilitional i Price of Fruit Snit. §1.0) | Bottla, or 4 Botties lor §4.00. | ¥ Mall or Kxpross Cut this ontand ke p it andseud for our full 3 | column)urticle on obsity NTION ADDRESS EXACTLY AS GIVEN BELOW. Loring & Company. 115 Stato Dept 2, to 34 wad 10 2 Hamliton Pl St Dept 24, Ch New York Clty. For sale in Omaha by Snow, Lund & Co. - o Geisler’s Bird Store. Received new following warranted tirst-class slngers Imported German Canurios, 50 each Engiish red Canarle palr. English Lizzard $15.00 w pair. English €' smon 008 po Eaglish Golaf Eoglish Block i i 0 80,00 eaeh <ing Nighulr eir, xus Itod birds, ¥1.50 each (]ELISLER'S BIRD STORE W0 N. luth Street, Omabs. 2, Boston. Mass 190 W. 2na St Dept Ko, , #15,00 a Cunarles, Canaries, SOLUBILITY OF (Dcoa ration and render it Nutritious. it ANO 9 ey £] 6 8D “OPPORTUNITY — has winged feet;” it is “a ship which never anchors.” opportunity to see an entirely new stock of This is an CARPETS and DRAPERIES an opportunity to look without fecling obliged to buy. minutcs among our curtains and curtain materials will assist vou if you do your own draping, and may assist us if you arc going to have it done. T'here are some new and novel things in laces, daintyand beauti- tul in eflect, at ordinary prices. Czn'pcts too; luxurious if’ you can, moderate in price if you must, but all sclected new for good taste; it will certainly be profitable for you to sce them if you intend refurnishing ORCHARD & WILHELM CARPET CO., Successors to S. A. Orchard, Douglas St,, bet. 14th and 15th. ~ ARE YOU GROWING TIRED? Ot the small winged, narrow pointed collars? We show you below an illustration of collar of much wider points and fuller front, in different widths, which is a very stylish and popular shape for the current season, and will like it, Cluett Brand 25c. Coon Brand 20c¢. i The ''Monarch ' Shirt {s the one gou should wear if gou twant eatisfaction. You will find it the correct thing Natona, Narrow; Wauseka, Medium; Nesota, Wide. Chinook, Medium, CLUETT, COON % (O. 1816 Douglas Street, Omaha, Neb. The eminent specialist n norvous. chronis, privaty, blood. skin ani urlnary 450183y, Aip! 45 COLATTl, [0St Ban 100 1, $0ul0al Wa s 183 reglstered gradante in wmadicing, as mercury used Now traatmoat for | by correspondence. Mediein, Cate contants orsendar. O prigate. Book (Mysteries of | and stamptor clreular, BXACT S1ZE itra a0l inbaryiew proforesd ) sont (ros. v Bt >19 0F ViCAl b Ny o Ar cociilsates witl show, U3 atill traatin g with th nigit 1oysss 1aiar o WE RO 10 AD1s Lo VISIE M may bs troatad ol homs by b uil OF 8X 088 833 1raly PASYL, 00 mArks L In g Consultation frea. Corragpondun) scrlotly t3 hoursd nom. W00 pom. Suniays 00 a w69 14 Al and forus of peivaty COMME IL.FAUT THE MERCANTILE CIGAR, BETTER THAN EVER! Mado of the finest quality o st imyorted ¢l Tobi ars, Mauufactared by ¥. *co that 2an be RICE MEKS wght, Equal in ANTILE CIGAR I CTORY bectto the St, Louls Omaha Loan and Trust Co SAVINGS BANK. SIXTEENTH AND DOUCLAS STREETS. Capital $100,000; Liability of Stockholders, $200,000 PER CEN 5 7 EYES TESTED FREE. interest on bankac paid on MONTHS' Cartifio stes of D SIX MONTHS: 4' nar cant onTIHRRE 2031, 4 Por Gant Intorest pald ounts #PS0g, PROTECT AND IWPROVE YOUR SIGHT, SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. i P, PONDER, gr. OWAWA OPTIGAL 8D, 2225, 100SL 1 §nesy 1513 DOUGEA 3° I % STREET? ~ KIMBALL PIANO ———— [ J 5 i ’l.ll ivil ar Wil f a twol the; 30 i the, 1wa old- oep- £ for, nea wownd Mr, ates) veu owny Lajor Yorl dley Com Lan 1gine