Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, August 23, 1891, Page 1

=1 THE OMAHA L > NTWENTY-FIRST YEAR. ¥ LIFE'S FLASHING U the Modern Marvel, TELEGRAPHY ABROAD. SYSTEMS OF Government Control Infinitely Suparior to Private Ownership. EFF.CIENCY REMARKABLE SHOWN. Collection, Transmission and Dalivery Prompt and 8ystematic, METHODS OUTDONE. AMERICAN Mr. Rosewater's Exa tion of the “Main and Subordinate Offices in England rde- pendence of Employes. and France — July 23, —[Editorial Correspond- once,|—Among the most important measures beforo the last congross were several bills that had for their object the establishment of a postal telegraph. When 1 appeared beforo the house committee last winter in supportof the postal tolegrabh its opponents asserted that postal telegraphy had proved itselfa dismal failure in Eungland, causing very heavy doficits in the Britisn treasury every year. Oficials of the telograph companies also claimed that the telegraph service in America was not only very much cheaper, but more efisiont than that in European countries, Incidontally groat stross was laid upon the dangerous political influence which would bo exerted by the party in power through its contrel ef the telezraph for parti- san purposes, and ths reinforcomont of pos- tal employes by thousands of telozraph oper- ators. During my tour for recreation [ am en- pavoring to ascortain for mysell the oxact ?u dition of the telogranh servica in the prin- cipal Europoan states. With this object in view I presonted my letter of introduction from Postmaster General Wanamalker to the postmaster general of Eogzland, and was ac- corded tho most courteous troatment and es- corte1 by the chiefs of the various branchos of the servico through the vast estublish- ment in which the groat network of tole- lines in the metropolis is centercd. J. Lamb, director general of postal tolegraphs for Great Britain, not only placed at my disposal all official documents relating to the purchase, managemaeat, earnings and exponses of the postal telegraph, but also fovored mo with verbal explanations and in- formation concerning methods pnrsued in handling dispatches, opavating wires and iu- terchange of international telegrams that zould not be found in the print2d documonts. Tho larzest telagraph ofico in the world, locatal in ths genoral post- oMce building in London, {is not ac- cessible to tho public and an outiine sicotch may prove interasting, not merely to American tolegraphors, but to the public gonorally. The bulding itself is a plain five story stono structure irfno raspect to be compared in its architectural features and interior arrangements with the main oMca of the Westorn Union company in New York, and is not adapted for tha coavenient trans- Action of the enormous business which neces- sarvily is aone in it. Ample accommodations have, however, been provided in the new gon- eral prstoMeo bailding, which is to bo ready Panis, \Wr occupancy in 1502, Boginning with the basoment, where the batterios for the telegraph lines ar sta- tioned, T was afforded a striking proof of the magnitudo of this oslossal plant by the 50,00) colls of battery, which if strung in a lino would extend over more than three miles. Those battorios, a3 wall as the boilers and hydraulic freight elevators, ure supplied _&¥ith water from a well in the sub basement -_ “'with the postal telegraph for communication | thut has a dopth of 615 feot. The pneumatic tube department in the first story handles the bulk of the dispatchos, lotters and cavds that originate and are delivered within the city of London. In fact outside off the ex chango or chamber of commorce, all com- munications within the city of London proper are sent through tho tubes, Kor this pur- pose twenty tubo stations, located at points most acsessible to the public, literally shoot hundreds of thousands of these messages, letters and cards into the central telegraph building by air pressure, and there they are redistrivuted and firod back to other stations, dolivered by carrior or forwarded by telegraph or telophone to points outside of London. ‘I'ho longest of these tubes is that from the Westmivster parlia- ment building through which the proceed- Ings of parliamont are shot to the central telograph oftico, and thonce retransinitted by wire to provineial cities, or deliverad to such London papors as may order duplicates, Tho Loudou Times sends its parliamentary re- ports by tolephones diractly into the ears of cowpositors, who oparate its type- sotting machines so that the first copy the Times roceives is on the proof.sifeats arawn from the galieys or columns of typo atter it has boen set by the ~mashine, The tubes have not only enabled the postal authorities to transwmit the dis- patches and oity lotters 1n London move rap- idly than thoy could bo forwarded by wire, but they have done away with the costly and IneMciont local wire service and in a measure the polo and wira nuisance. But to the pub- lic the greatest bonefit of the tabe system is its cheapness. In Now York or Chicago a city mossazo of ten words costs you from 2) couts to 25 cants. In London you can send as many words as you can write on the blank or card, which varles from oae huundred to one thousana words, for six pouce (12 sonts), aud what is also important your mes. sage wiil have boen delivered almost bafore the girl that usually acts us operator in the hotols of local oMoes of our citles bas had time to copy it. By the tubo system no copy- fng is done—the original message is delivered to the party to whom it is divected, unioss it 18 to go by telegraph or telophone to points boyond London. Th: Hritish government owus a portion of the telophone system in Englaad and will soon acquire and operato all the telephones. Even the limited lines now, under its control enable it to mako extonsive use of tho telephono iu vonnection between the principal cities and towus. The telophoue roowms, telegraph operating rooms, testing board (switehing) rooms and oftices of the electricians and maay of the various bureaus occupy the tloors above those otted to the postal telegraph. There Is 50 the intelligence buresu, & department devoted exclusively to the press service, in which all press dispatches sre oheocked, Sooked, assorted and prepared for transimis- L] M sler anything I ad eoseaspyadants oae of the shot lnto tho service and thy dispatehes surpiss sean. Rynirtors the! dispateias stations. Tasy ars tral postal telazeiph ol diatoly shot through aiother tube into tha intallizaaca bursva, onvelops is opanal, thy dispiteh ¢ at once tranimittal by spaial wirss or telephone, us thy seator miy dicset. Peass dispatehes may b duplicated to any number of papars, and parliamantary procadings and other general news is often wirsl simalta neously to from two hundrad to thras hun- dred provincial pipers. Tas intellizance buroau also supplios leased wira sarvics to leading dailies, and publishers may loaso a wire for all night, or foe short piriols, at very raasonable rates. The London Timss, fanchestor Guardian, Liverpool Courior, and dailiss 1n Birminzham, Elinburgh asgow and Dablin riesive the balk of their telegrams by a leased wi Moro than thres thousand oparators and tolegraph clerks are emploved in the groat ceutral telograph building. OF this number two-thirds are mon, The fomale operators occupy a large and well lighted hall or oper- ating room, in which the Amorican Morse instruments with registers and paper roels are used exclusively, Noboay is parmitted to receive messages by sound, and this is also a strict regulation in tho central telegraph office in Paris. The lines operated by women in both London and Paris are short circuits or lines connecting suburban towns, Tho mwain operating room is ke a great machine shop althouzh not half as noisy as the main offles of the Westera Union in New York. All the modern telegraph instruments and inventions are utilized here and althougn the English Wheatstone with modern im- provements appaars to have prefersnce, Amor- ican devices and inventions are larzely used. The Hughes printing instruments, parfocted by English machanies, are oparatad on many lines, and in fact racolva graater appracia- tion hara than in Amori Dslany’s soxtu- plex, an American invention, has bsan in tive nso for savaral yeirs, and tho Amorican inventor and puontas receives £2,0)), o £10,000 a year royalty from the British governmont. S)> whila Amoarican tele- graph companios ave content with quadruplex instrumoants, the British postal tele 4 en- joys the benait of ths most economic and time saving telagzraph instraments and pays liberally for thgir use to Amorican inventors. Thoe British postal telegzraph parnits no diserimination or praference in tho transmis- sion ot dispatchas. Its press dispatches and commercial nows ave transmittol over spe: wir es. The bulk of the commercial servic is wired directly from the London exchange. Thae governmont oMciul dispatches take their turn unless v urgent, and then only are they given precedance. Tho olanks for ro: trausmitted or ropeated mossages are in dif- ferent colors. Special blanks on extra heavy and elegantly finished papor are used for all messagos ropeated ) and from Quaon Vie- toria. This deferential tribute to royalty is the only *nonsense’ that tha London postal telezranh oMeials indiilge in so far as I could observe. ‘Thae most suzzastive featura of tha London postal talagraph syston is, aftor all, tha celerity in han lling talozeans aad the extri- ordinary facilities for thair rocaption and transmission. At tho present time there are 533 stations from which mossages may be sent by telegraph. Of theso 451 ave branch postoflicos, and eighty-soven are railway station offices. Inasmuch as tho telegraph tolis are uniform throughout Great Britain, parties simply purchaso postage stamps cov- ering the cost, and tho stamped moessages are wired or fired through the tubes to their destination withoat furthor caremoay. Pross dispatchoes ara not stinpal, but pavmeat is required woekly or daily as the case may be, and accounts are kept at the central offico with all press associations and newspapers. A letter from Diractor- oral Lamb to postmastors at Manchester, Birmingham and Swansea enabled me to make thorough in- spection of these provineial ofizes, The most spacious and perfectly arranged telograph ofiice in England and porbaps in all Europe, is the cenural postal telegraph station at Birmingham, lo- cated in the mazni ficent new postoftice build ing. The operating room 1s 42x2006, with a bigh arched cciling and forty windows. The room is fitted with elegant and commodious operating tables and the wires coaverzs in a most ingenious and perfect tesung (switch) board I bave ever seen. Thres hundred ope- rators and telegraph clerks are employed un- der the direction of one general manager,two chief operators and eleven assistants. The instruments in use and methods of handling dispatehies are pretty much the sama at Bie- mingham, Manchester and Svanson as thoy are in London. The facilitios for public re- coption and delivery are, in my judgmaat, su- porior to the prosent servico by our Awmer can companies. Tho Fronch postal telograph is patterned very much after the Eaghsh, or rither Brit- ish postal tolograph, which was establishad only twelve voars azo after tho purchise of all commoreial lines, is pattaracd aftor, thav of Prance,wherae the telegraph lines wereop- erated in coinaction witn thy postal ssrvica fromtne outset. A lettor of introluction from Minister Waitelww R, praseatad with my letter fron Me. Wanamikar, so- cured for ms the courteous atteation of tale- graph oMcials and admission into tho oper- atiag rooms and battery rooms at the great central tolograph station in Paris. Divector General Magne porsonally escorted me through the dapirtmosnts, explaining ths mathods employed and the manner of doing business, In Paris as in Londor, all city dispatchas and cards and the bulic of all the telezrams that originats within tho city ara forwarded by pnsumatic Ltubas to the great tube offices in the contral station which oceuvies one wing of the goneral postoftice, and thera re- distributed. Such as are directed to parts of tho city within reach of the central stution ave delivered by carrier. Thoso directed to more distaut parts of the city are shot through the tubs to ths branch postofice nearest thoir dostination and delivered by carrier from that powt. Dispatehas direoted to points outsido of Paris are firal from the contral tube ofico into tho telegraph or telephono room 10 tha upper story of tho building and their filed for transmission. Tho principal oparating rooms of the ce tral Paris postal telogeaph is a roctangular hall with Gothic arehol eailing. Ta2 oparat- ing vablos ara plachl in p2sitio s so s to avold confusion art insurs coavgaienes for votransmission. Taa entive switehing is dino in & room adjacent. Morse instramonts are inuseon all short circuits and tho Hughes printing appivatas 15 employed on saveral Stnroush’ linos. The Franch Baudot inst ments are the fayvorite. These fustram are operated by syucuronle mavement only skill vequired is in transmittin operator who strikes the keys, which re- somble those of & pisuo, is obliged each stroke of & tiny pendulum eloctrio t to keep filo tuny eaa- axd imne paoumitic | { OMAHA, SUNDAY MORNING, DEATI CAME TO MAXY. | Wreck of Two Larze Buildings in the Oity of New York, BLEEDING AND CRUSHED AND BRU!SED. Soores of Victims Imprisoned in the Maze of Tangled Ruing, FIRE'S 'AWFUL FURY GRASPS THE WRECK. 'Mid Shooting Flames Its Human Victims Writae and Burn, AWFUL AND SUDDEN THEIR SUMMONS, S Ensue—Heroic Firemen Fascinatingly Horrible the nes Whic ~The Victims of the Disaster, New York, Aug, 22.—A most disastrous and terrible accident occurred this afternoon at 12:30 o'clock in Park place, betweon Groewich street and College place. At that time the streets was filled with peoplo and heavy laden wagons and trucks. First a small, white, vaporish cloud burst from the ground floors of Nos. 70, 72 and 74 Park place; then was heard a dull, deop, sullen roar, as if some monster was trying to break his bonds. The roar was followed by an eruption and a mass of brick, stone and timber was hurled thirty foot heavenward. The cries of terror of the men and the almost human screams of the horses was only a small accompaniment to the terrible sceno which instantly followed. Not more than a second could have elapsed before the front walls of Nos. 70, 72 and 74 fell crashing into the street. Horribly, Facinatingly Attractive. To those who saw the sight it was horri- bly attractive. The great walls slowly rolled and swelled out with an undulating motion, until, slowly at first, but thea mora rapidly, they gave way, and in & moment there was not a stick or a stone standing above the first. floor between the dividing walls. There did not remain the slightest resemblance of what had been three seconds before an apparently strong, well constructed building. 'The mass of brick, stone and timber fell upon the side- walk and filled half the width of the street. AL first there was no sign of fire. The at- tention of those who were gathered from all quarters was attracted by the sound of escaping steam, which was spouting forth from a pipe which had been beoken by the falling walls. Anumber of electric wires had been torn down, but fortunately the current had been turned off from all but one, that one, which lay in the middle of the street was spitefully flashing out its deadly electric fluid. The fear of the electric wires caused the immense crowds to surge from one side of the street to theother, An express wagon was standing almost di- rectly opposite the buildings when the ex- plosion took place. It wasloaded with boxes and trunks and was drawn by one horse. The driver whipped the beast up to escape from the falling walls, The covered part of the wagon caught the wires and tore several of them from the post. The crowds which hud gathered made the streots almost impus- sible. > Iire Adds its Terrors to the Scene, In the meantime fire had broken out and was licking the lower partof No. 68, At least fifi men had clambered up on the pile of ruins hoping to rescue some of the un- fortunates who were buried beneath the tangled piie, but they were driven away by the fire which was rapidly spreading. It had burstout on the other side of the ruius and ran rapidiy up the elevator shaft at the main entrance to the block of buildings of which Nos, 70, 72 and 74 arca part. Fora time the hissing steam fonght the fire. but as that died out the consuming element made more headway. If the fire department could have been on tho scene at the time of the explosion the ter- rible effect of the fire would have been per- verted in alarge part. As it was, tie first contingent ot the department did not appear until five minutes after the explosion. The delay was due to the blocked condition of Murray streot and Purk place and Church street. One hose cart came teaving down College place. Tho eiectric wires were hang- ing down above the horses' heads. The driver of the cart with his bare hand fear- lessly grasped the wire which had canght in uis seat and flung it over his head. A line of hose was laid and one feeble little stream from a hydrant was playod on the five, which was breaking out on the side next to No. 65, Soon aftorward other engines areived, but the efforts of the departmont were directed to one portion of the fire. To those who wore watching the slowly creeping flames the delay was o terriblo strain. Suddenly the fire burst out in davkly colored flames from the third, fourth and fifth stories of that part of the buildivg in Park placa noxt to Groenwich street. This pact of the building was occupied by Lina- say’s type foundry. The floors and other parts of the place were saturated with oil, or other inflammable matter, which fed the flames generously. A murmur ran through the throng that the building was lost and the multitude shuddered at thinking of the fate of the occupants of the ruined and burning part of the building. When a full force of firemen did at last get to work, the headway of the tire was soon checked by their skillful endeavors, While the flames were bursting forth from the building, unrestrainedly leaping in all di- rections, the crowd was horrified to see n train on the Ninth avenue elevated road glid- ing slowly divectly by the burning building. ‘T'he falling of the walls in the first instance had lead those assembled to believe that there wuuld be a repetition of that awful oc- currence, However, the trains continued to run all the afterncon, although latcr on the down track only was used. th the Tangled Wreck, As the interest in the explosion and the falling walls in & measure subsiaed horrible conjectures were cireulated as to how many were injured in the rums, Working people, as well as those engaged 1n offices and ware- houses, generally got their luncheon at noon or a little later, There was a cheap res- | taurant on the ground floor of No, T4, in which 1L wis thought there were about twenty-five persous when the accident happened. Iu the upper portion of the building there was @ lurge namber of working people employed by a firm of lithogravhers and in other traues. It 15 not known how many people were om- ployed in the places, but as Saturday is rec- ognized as a half boliday, beginning at 1 p. m., it is presumed that most of them who Wero not out were getting something to eat Benes UNDAY BEE. 1891—SIXTEEN PAGES in the building. A deep. f86ling of horror spread through the throng 88 & estimate of the number of victims ‘passed from mouth to mouth, MoreoveR this was almost tho only subject of inquirgs it was on the lips of eveny one. During e wholo ot thoso long two hours tho fice reighiéd supreme. It could not bo sufficiently subdued to permit tho firemon to make any effort to extricate tho dead and wounded. Vainly Oalling for Help. The number of dead Wi variously esti- mated at from twenty to t hundred. Po- licaman Back said that he Bauled throe men out of the kitenen in the ent under the Hudson restaurant. Ho .efitered the base- ment through a plumbing 8hop, Back said ho saw at least fifty persons partly buvied in the basement, Some of thém were alive and calling loudly for lielp but mipst of them were evidently dead. i Talks With Eye Dominick Birkey, a who was em- ployed in the kitchen of the Peterson r taurant, No. 74 Park place, escaped from the ruins dressed only in hi# undershirt and trousers. He said: *‘Thé¥e wore five of us i the kitchen and onvm-e all busy at work when there Was a great crash. It seemed as if the builaing fell all about us, but we were not hurt. Theré was a door from the basement into No. 78, but it was closed. I knocked it down and the jother cooks fol- lowed me out. At the sidewalk we had to crawl through an opening i the wall which had partly fallen in.”” Birkey was not ablo 10 give the names ot the other cooks who es- caped. T Policeman Back of the Seeond precinct was at West streot andPark place when the ox- plosion occurred, Ho ran to the sceno to find the building wrecked and ‘burning fiercely. Hesaid: *1 saw that nothing could be done from the front on Park place, and with Five- man Vreedenourg of the hook and ladder company No. 10 T went through a basement on Greenwich street. We tnade our way to the wall of the wrecked building with hooks, bars and axes and made a Bole through the wall through which we took out the employes from tho kitchen ot the restaurant. Wo could sce others fastin the ruin, but we could not assist them, @8 the smoke and flames soon enveloped thewm. Jacob Schlesinger, omoloyed in the build- ing on the opposite side of Park place, said that there must have been st least 100 per- sons in the building when the explosion oc- curred. He saw fifteen orsltteen girls at the windows of Liebel & Co.’s bftice on the third floor just as the the building fell. His im- pression was that the explésion occurred in Rosenfeld’s storo, Death in the Electric Wircs. Michael Cronin, president of the Volunteer Firemen’s association, was standing at Col- lege place. He said that the dust was so thick after the explosion that he could not sec the building. He saw afterward that all of the electric wires had been broken 1 two and that horses recetved shocks. One man he saw running from the sdene of the wreck came in contact with & ll?u wire and was knocked down. ¥ Frank Burns of the Photbgraph Engraving company said that he wagin an upper win- dow just opposite the scen@ of the disaster and that be heard a rui ng sound, He saw through the dust a ol man escape from the building.. He alsésaw'a number of people fall from the upper #windows and he described it as if they had Ueen blown from the windows. Fotlowing them were the fall- ing walls which fell upon and buried the people. Ho saw two other mon beside th. colored man escape, one of whom staggered ana fell, H. C. Stall, who formerly was employed by Licbeler, saw the crash, He said: “I knew most of the men employed there, and I recognized oue of them as he fell into the street with tho front wall. He is Louis Ber- nard. 1 saw him drop with the shower of bricks from the fourth story. He fell on the ruins in the street, scrambled to his feet and got away. He was badly hurt aud his head was cut. They took him to the hospital. Bernard was a stone grinder. I saw some other persons go down in toé ruins when the front fell, but I did not reegnize their faces. They are dead beyond question.” Work of Rescue Begu As soon as the flames wera under oontrol the work of recoverng the bodies of the persons who were buried beueath the ruins was begun, About forty manly firemen climbed upon the great heap of deoris that filled the street and bogan the search for the bodies. They worked like fiends, every one of them. Thoy seemed to realize perfectly that in their efforts depended the lives of many of the vietims who were buried be neath the heaps of brick. One minute's delay might decide the fate of some poor fellow. After twenty minutes work the men saw the dead body of & man down in the heap of bricks, Then every man worked for all he was worth and cleared away the mass in an astonishingly short space of rime. ©Av 2:20 o'clock the body of a man was found. It was burned and charred so that the features were unrecognizable, ‘The Chambers® Street hospital sent a corps of physicians and surgeons who assisted the firemen in the search for badics. 'They were Charles T. Parker, Drs. J. F. Maoning and W. S. Stone, of the house staff, aud Dr. ftou, un ex-hospital suggeon who volun- teered his services. Scorched and Blistered and Burned, About fifteen minutes after the fivst body was taken out, tho firemen ¢ame ucross an- other body of a man lying under a piace of roofing near the side of tie eatrance. The man was apparently thirty years of age. His legs, hands aud faco were badly burned. The firemen were working bravely, when suddenly beneath their fegt they heard a low moan, It was fecble and sounded like that of A child. The firemen redgubled their efforts in clearing away the muss of bricks and timbers from the spot whenee the sound camo. After working hefoically for nearly twenty minutes, Edward 8. Mulligan, driver of hook and ladder compsuy No. 8, raised a hittle girl in his arms, ! A Touching Spene. That she was alive and conscious after being buriea under the méiss of brick seven fect deep was almost a mirscle, Tne little girl's face and avms wero blosding from cuts and burns, but she was able to talk. As soon as Mulligan ruised her up she hfted her eyes to a window on the upper floor of a building across tho streot and called iu piteous tones. Thero's my mamma. ‘Che mother upon seeinye ber cnila became so frantic with Joy that bud it uot boon for thé combined efforts of four inen standing near by she would huve Jumped from the window. When the little irl wus rescued the - orowd yelled and clapped their bauds in joy. 1t was @ touch- ing sight and one that will not be soon forgotten by those who saw it. The livtlo girl was carefully placed in an ambulance tnesses | aund taken to the Chambers street hospital. | The mother, whos nme is Mrs. Mary Houg- neck rushed throught the streets crying pite- ously *0, my darling, my darling cbild, res- cued, rescued.” Tho litdg thing told the wen a3 they wore placing her in the ambu- lauce that her brother and sister were both dead under the bricks. 1t seems that she LCONTINUED ON 8ECOND PaGE.] 0N Another Royal Family Skeleton Exposed to the Vulgar World, STORY OF KING CHARLES' CORRUPTNESS. ARCH'S CHILDREN. Obapter in the Private Life of a Divine Ruler. VAST ESTATES TO BE DIVIDED NOW. Price of Profligacy Distributed with Reck- Jess Disregard of Rights. GENERAL CURIOSITY AS TO THE HEIRS, Questionuble Connections and Origin of Some Branches of the Great English Houses—Many Have Cause for Silence. LCopyright 1891 by James Gordon Bennett.) ~ Loxpoy, Aug. 22— [New York Herald Cablo—Special to Tue Bee.|—In my last dispatch [ had a story to tell of one of the descendants of Charles I[. Today I must record the death of the last representative on the maternal side of another of the merry monarch’s child by his mistress, Barbara Villiers, in the person of the duke of Cleveland. Barbara Villiers was a woman of more distinction in her day than Nell Gwynne, but that tact naturally madoe no difforence in the social standing of the dukos of Clevelund and dukes of St. Albans. They aill stand on the same level with the descendents of another family introduced iuto the English peerage by the festive Charles, the dukes of Richmond, de: scendents of a French woman created duchess of Portsmouth, The time when Noll Gwynne was once hooted by a mob under the impression that she was the French mis- tress will not be forgotten by some of your readers although it is little too outspoken for the delicate ears of the present generation. The late duke of Cleveland was a worthy old gentleman, interfering but little with public affairs, toking ereat pride in his landed possessious, which comprisea not far short of 100,000 acres. He owned many lordly pleasure houses, his favorite being the Battle abboy, the very spot where King Harold breathed his last 800 years ago, where he had long ago made up his mind to die. He purchased the place from Sir G. Webster and it took such a bold upon his affectious that he completely deserted the grand an- cestral seat, Raby Castle house. The duke of Cleveland never boasted of the blood of Charles I1. but he was proud of his descent from the family of Vane, who go back through Welsh lineage to some remote period not far posterior to the flood. When it comes to tracing the Welsh an- costory we soon get lost in the mystery of antiquity. It was therefore to the Vanes and not to Barbara Villiers that the latwe duke poiuted as the stock from which he sprung. And now what is to become of the lady and Battlo Abbey and the hundred thousand acres and all the rest of the duke's great possessions. He left no son and no brother, Much Family Treasure, None but his widow survives him and she is the mother of Lord Rosebe ‘Will Lord Roseberry succeed to the immense inherit- ance! The duke of Cleveland could leave it where he liked, either to strangers or to the dren of his widow. A few years ago, be- fore his own marriuge, the very chance of all this woalth coming to him might bave thrown Lord Roseberry into great agitation, but his aliance with tho house of IRothschild renders him indifferent to such consideration. The recent loss of his de- voted wife still lies heavily upon him, for she in her turn was devoted to her husband, und since his wife's death has retired alto- together from the public gaze. It is to be hoped this is only for a time for Lord Roseberry is too valuable a man to be spared from the service of his country. Tho British public, always interested in the trans- mission of immense wealth, wants to kuow who got the £200,000 a year or so ago which the late duke enjoyed, together with the broad acres and historic house, 1n due season the will must be made known, but at present all is conjecture, There is a rumor that everything has been left to the widow with power, of course, to dispose of 1tat her death according to her pleasure. This is doubtful, but at any rate the property cannot go to support the line of Clevelands o the barony of Barnad. All that can be carried on by the descendent and that passesto Mr. Heary De Vere, who married one of the daughters of marquis of Exetor of “Burghly Houso by Stamford Town,” conceraing whom I also nad occasion to write you. I suppose the late duke has left half of his wealth to this young gentleman, [u that.case the family seat, Exeters, now in considerable jeopardy, might be saved, Some wealthy stock broker or spoculative builder would be kept from intruding upon the domain of Queen Eliza- both's prime minister. Thus one chance follows quickly on another for the Exeters are broken but tho families may be main- tuined with the wealth of tho last of the Clevelands. Judge then with what euriosity we all await tho opening of the late duke's will, MEMBER OF PARLIAMEN AMERICA'S PROSPECTS. Greatest Opportunity in Her History to Acquire Untold Weatth 1Copyright 1891 by James Gordon Bennett. | noy, Aug. 22 —(New York Herald Jable—Special to Tk Bee, |—The bitter and black outlook of Europe as compared with the golden outlook of America was pictured by Chauncey M. Depew today, and as I sat in the little parlor at Almond’s hotel the woras made the Americans present feel thaukful. We had baen talking about the failure of European crops and the success of American crops. Depew's eyes sparkled. It is the greatest opportunity America has had for a decade to get rich,” he said, “it is stupendous, Vander- bilt and myself have just finished our tour through France, Germany, Austria, Switzer- land, Servia, Roumania and Turkey. Every- where is the sume story of short crops. Then came the announcement of tte failure of the Russiun rye crops. I bad an opportunity of meeting and talking with the leading men of many countries and am satistivd that there 1s a huge deficiency in the European crops. It did notsadden me, for | knew this deficiency could be made up by Anierica at prices very little higher than the people had been paying. “This journey was a remarkable contrast to the one which Vanderbilt and I took be- fore iling from bhome. We traveled nearly six thousand miles in =& “ierica, seeing with our own eyes and he = z with our own ears proof of the abund 55 wheat crop. My information is that the = 1 crop 18 also abundant. The large hary as put all questions failure beyoud = ussion It Is the best year for ten years, ' = s mag- nificent abundance 18 not interfer 5 vith by local speculetions and lockod up rornors, America will this year get back the gold that has come to Europe in ¢o ienco of the excess of oxports. It wil go back o Ameriea in pay for grain, tall de- ponds on whether speculators e erops alone. The lust great corner cost the United States £00,000,000, We can recover it all if this year's prosperity 18 allowed to develop in its normal, natural y Lot speculation stand aside and wealth will pour in upon us. Farmers will have plenty of money to improve land, build now barns and buy more supplies. This will enable manufac- turers to employ more wage workers, railroads witl reap a golden harvest and will be employ- ing more men. More sidctracks will be built, mereasing the work in the mines and iron mills, and wealth will spread itself through the whole people. Every man, woman and child in America should be richer this year, but if any corner is attempted this prosperity will shrink up, Dangers of Speculation, “When the great corner existed the last time British capitalists were frightened. ‘The price of labor and the price for food go hand in hand. Manufacturers said, ‘If wo allow ourselves to got into the grasp of re morseless specutators banded against us it may wmake us pay § por bushel for wheat or even £.' Up to that timo the deficiencies inBritish breadstuffs wer way: supplied by America. In a conservative country the genoral activities go on i the same chanvels unless revolution occurs. Revolutior. was brought about by the con- spiracy of wheat speculators, Englind be- came alarmea and turned her e) in other directions. Sho found sup- plies in Russia. The wheat crop stimu- lated Eeypt to build raiivoads; cultivate breadstufls and belped Iudia to develop grain tields and provide transportation. In other words, wheat corners force Eugland to or- ganize competition and raised many powerful commercial adversaries. “Coming from the grain fields ica and having surveyed am certain nothing can pre ica from rolling in wealth this another attempt to corner the mariet. The American people have a magnificent pros- pect, but it wouldn’t have happened if a dem. ocrat had been at the head of the govern- ment. Iam a beiiever i special providence and feel that providence having witnessed the effcet of the last democratic administra- tion, sent good crops in America, bad crops in Europe as a blessing to the republican ad- ministration and that it mightbe continued.” “Did you read the declaration of Mr. Liderdale, the governor of the Blnk of land, in tke Herald to the effect that land's fiances are lower than before but in o danger.” “I did,” said Depew, “aud 1 regard it the most important statement made anywhere in the world this yes my return from London I have verified every word spoken by Mr. Lidderdale and can add my assurance to his that theve is not an important failure in sight.” +'Did you read the resolutipn ot the Penn- sylvania republican state convention endors- ing Blaime for president?” Thinks Blaine the Man. “That resolution expresses the unanimous opinion of the republican party throughout the country. Blaine can have the nomination by simply holdicg up bis tinger. Ho is the most phenomenally populur man in America. No other man ha ever reached such eminence. Blaine's masterly forelgn policy, especially in deal- ing with the Italian difficulty and his reciprocity schemes have opened the eyes of the American poople to his greatness. Other men like McKinley have shown great ability but what they have done has been an improvement or modification of ideas already in force, but reciprocity in the sense adopted by Blaine is brand new. The Americar people believe ho discovered the secret of our foreign markets, South Amercia, commereially speaking, will be ours, so will Cuba. The farmer, manufacturer and wage worker seon the breadth and depth of the reciprocity policy. Blaine holds the nomina- tion as the next presidential candidate in his hands. All divisions in party agaiust him have vanished, even his enemies admire him. A word from him and he is the candidate of the party, but Blaine is an old man and not in vigorous health. To stand the excitement of a presidential campaign and live, @ man must not only be in perfect health but in the prime of life. When the nomination comes Blame's family and friends muay force him to decline.” “And then—" “And then President Harrison would ba nominated.” “Mr. Depew. do you honestly think there 1s a chance for Harrisou being nominated ! “Phere is, certainly, 1f Blaine declines.” *Who do you thiuk will be the democratic nominee “Cleveland, if he can reconcile his alrendy expressed views with the silver planks that will be pushed 1n the democratic national platform. The only thing Cleveiand can do is to come before the democratic convention and say, ‘If I am president I will be the sorvant of my party and will accept auy policy formed by the majority of my party in cougress.’ If Cleveland does this he will be nominated, if not, he will not be nominated,” Mr. Depew said Mr. Vanderbilt wili veach London September 4. Both will sl for New York September 9. of Amer vope, 1 vent Amer- r but UTAL FIRE, Lives Lost in a Burning London T ment. Loxnoy, Aug. 22.—A fire broke out at an early nour this morning in & tenement house in Shadwell, a suburb of this city. The house was occupied by ten persons, all of whom were extromely poor. The flames spread with startling rapidity, and before all could make their escape the, staircases were & mass of flames, making exit by this means impossible. One woman occupying apart- ments on ono of the upper floors, inding all means of escape out off, rushed to & window, and, to the horror of the bystanders, sought safety by jumping, She only avoided one manuer of death to moet another, for sne landed on the stone pavement and was in- stantly killed. The other persons who also adopted this means of escaping from the burning building were more fortuna they each rveceived serious injurie the tire was subdued the firemen aud police entered the tenement, and on searching the rooms found the bodios of two uufortunates who, unabls to veach the windows and over- come by the smoke, had fallen in their tracks. “Their bodies had been burned o a crisp. zen Drops. ‘There has beou in the de- partment of Pyreees Quintallo, & terrifio hailstorm, which, it 1s reported, destroyed hundreds of vineyards around Crete, Pants, Aug. et | | Pages 1to 8. I R | NUMBER 6. PREDICTS TS FALL. | Arthur Meyer Obsorves the End of the French Republio, . ALREADY THE MASSES FAVOR ROYALTY. Many Evidences of a Desira For a More Deoorative Government, ENGLAND'S IDEA OF TREATY BONDS3, Made Oaly to be Broken on Every Convon- ient Occasion. OF RUSSIA'S INSPIRATIONS RULCR, Many Measures Attributed to Others That Are Suggested and Successs fully Conducted His Views of France, [Copyright 1891 by Jam*s Gorton Rennat. 1 Panis, Aug, 52 w York Herald Cable Special to T Bik. | —After tho eqthusis asm displayod over the visit of the Irench fleet at Cronstadt, tho utter indiflercnod evinced by France in d to the ption of the squadron is strikiug in the extreme. Today I asked Arthur Meyer, editor of the aulols, for an account for contrast. He did more. He gavs me an entirely new view of this chapter of French history. o said ho was cortainly much sarprised at what hap= pened in Russia, “My opinion, founded upon a investigation, is that the ez prime and sole mover in the arrangemonts, suid ho. “The czar was very woll informed of what tho policy of France was, and was quite aware of the spirit of hesitation pre- vailing among cortain mombers of tho minis- try who, without being severcly attachel to the policy, stwove to maintain a neutral attitude ~ toward vmany and aceept the present ingcceptable position, Will Speak Direct. The czar has determined to ignore this and speak directly to Frauce. This explains hig dispatches to President Carnot and Mayor Sherbourg. I am glad he won the great stake he played for. I don’t deny the patriot- ism of my adversaries, but it is abined to attribute to them the honor of the act which the czar alone planned und executed accord- ing to his progre mme. “The czar was Lo go to Le stadt,”” continued Mr, Mayer., **Then came thoe queen’s invitation. It was not possivle to ignore that invitation without offending tho govertiment, with which wo ave on good terms, but to govecn is to foresee these things, and the KFrench governmoant should have foreseen this, butafterall there is no grea{ danger to our relations with Russia with our present fleet at Portsmouth. Whatever our reception, the world will see what difference there is between acts inspived by diplomaicy and those that spring from tho heart,” “Well, M. Meyor,” I asked, *is theroa treaty between France and Russia( Thero 1s an- understanding based upon mutual necessity which is immensely better than a treaty,” he replied. “What is & treaty? A mere pioce of paper, as Sulisbury said, and as he proved when England cutered the triple alliance and immediately afters wards, taught by the Cronstadt affair, jumped out of it like a ballet dancer.”” Favors the lists. Mr. Meyer went on to say how his royalist heart throbbed with greater hope since the Cronstadt reception. Tho czar says he will influence the interior as well as the ex- teriov policy of France. It will caus» her to tread a path of couciliation aud uuion of parties. “May not the republic understand tha necessity for con ion and be working to that end?! Butin that case, Mr. Meyor, will not the result be fatal to the hopes of the restoration of the monarchy " “On the contrary,” was the reply, *‘tha republic is becoming wise, sedate and cone servative. Now every governmant which loses sight of its origin is moving towards transformation. Already we are becoming monarchial and cannot receive soveroigng and princes without a ceremonial, differing little from that of a court. The day will come when the country will wish for & government more decorative than a republic, when it will cry out for Plumet or Panachi, Alveady it cheers *vive le czar,’ ‘Vivele roi de Serbie.' and Vive lo ror de Greee) That gives them am apetite for a king." “When, Monsicur Meyer?” 4O, in some years,” Meyer repliod, thorough c himsell was h and Cron=- CONGENI AL BUSINESS, Made Against British Man-of-War, Loxnoy, Ang. The ‘Times tor lishes aletter from Lisbon in whic riter declares that President Balmuc Chili being unable to borrow moncy seiz tne silver bullion in the treasury of Santiago de Chili which was stored thero as sceurity for tho fiduciary circular, and ho tricd to transport this abroad as payment for ships and arms ordered in Europe. The writer of this lotter said that Balmacedn was unablo to hire a private vessel to unaertake the trans portation of the silver aud he finally per suaded the commander of the Ezpiegle, a British mau-of-war, to couvoy &, 01,000 to Montevido, where thut sum wis demanded on August'1h. The Times, commenting on the circumsiance, says thatitis confident that this was done without tho consont of the British admiralty, aading that it secmed as though a British man-of-war nad been mado the uccomplice of downright ronbery, The transaction, the Times says, demands & full and promptinvestigation. 15 Charge a An ftalian Earthquake, RoME, Aug. 22.—Strong earthquake shocks were folt today at Verona, Bolognu, Trege nano, Bellano, Modena und Pavima. No loss of life is reported. Will Not Take Charge. Cieaao, Aug. Paul Wulff, the Washe ington correspondent of the New York Staats Zeitune, will not assume the editoriui chme of tho Illinois Staats Zeitung formerly oceus pled by the late Herman Kaster, but wiill be made assistant to the dead editor's successor, William Itasn, who for twenty vours has been the uble assistunt of - Mr. has been placed in the position of editor jn-chief of the paper, and Mr. Wulll has been givep the position vavated by his promotion - Severing the Ties. New Oureans La, Aug. 22--The Democrav's Dallas, Tex., special says: The farmers’ state alliauce, which bas been in sesslon for nearly a week, fnally adjourned’ tonight. Aside” from adoptiug the Ocals platform and reafirming the sub-treasury sehieme, it took no other decisive steps 1w & political way. But in running through delegates it'is useless to deny that the tene dency of tne alliance Is to drilt away froms the republican and democratic parties, Times«