The Nonpartisan Leader Newspaper, May 30, 1921, Page 7

get a life membership that will termi- nate, however, whenever the grower ceases to be a grower. No one will take his grain from him—he will sell it jugt as he does now to his local elevator, and his local elevator, if it is co-operative and has decided to line up with the big plan, will buy his grain just as it does now and pay him for it the regular market price, and everything will be just as it is today—except that this grain will never go into gamblers’ hands, but will be used to fill actual orders for real grain to make bread out of. “ It will go along with all the other grain to give great volume to the products handled by the United States Grain Growers to fill their cargo orders and their big milling orders. The farmer will sell it and get his cash and have the satisfaction of knowing his grain is at least working with that of all his fellow farmers as the Equity Co-Op- erative exchange has long been trying to make it work. POOLING OFFERS FURTHER OPPORTUNITIES TO FARMERS Just how he will get this money is the problem for the finance depart- ment, headed by W. F. Schilling of Northfield, Minn., president of the big Twin City Milk Producers’ associa-. tion, keen business man and practxcal farmer. For the farmer who is willing to sacrifice -any advantage he may have by producing a superior grade of grain in order to help all other farm- ers, the pooling of the grain may be preferred. If he pools he can not get more than a moderate, safe advance, and will wait until the close of the pool or the end of the crop year to get his balance. When he gets it, it will be the average price recelved for all the grain in that particular pool, less selling and handling expense. About one-third of the farmers of the coun- try, it is estimated, may prefer this method. If there is neither a pool nor a local co-operative elevator at‘any particu- lar shipping point any individual or group of farmers may consign to the designated zone agency of the United States Grain Growers and the grain will be handled just as consigned gram is handled now, the farmer re- ceiving his returns when it is disposed of. But again, it will not be thrown wild upon the market, but may be bought by the United States Grain Growers through a subsidiary corpo- ration to fill a cargo order or miller’s demand. In any case the grower’s grain will all go into the volume which the United States Grain Growers will merchandise direct from producer to user without gambling, exploitation and multiplied handling. Co-operatlve elevators will be given a chance to sign a contract with the United States Grain Growers to direct the grain handled through them for United States members to the United States zone agency in the respective zone. The local elevator likewise will have a binding contract with the member-growers that they will handle all their grain through the local ele- vator, thus linking grower, local ele- vator and terminal up together and preserving the: integrity of each. At the terminal markets, or zone markets, where there are now farmer co-operative marketing agencies in working order, these will be recogniz- ed by the United States Grain Grow- ers, Inc., as the local agency and simi- lar contracts are to be entered into be- tween the United States Grain Grow- ers board and such terminal compa- nies to insure the national selling or- ganization its facilities and assure the farmer members of these terminal agencies the protection of their inter- ests. Such contracts have not yet been prepared. All owners of interest in all farmer co-operative terminal agencies, however, can be assured that an equitable, safe and satisfactory ar- rangement will be made whereby they will co-operate with the United States Grain Growers and yet be protected in all their interests. This is doubly as- sured by President C. H. Gustafson, who said: “This plan will in no way interfere with the work of existing farm organ- izations.” ‘Farm Tenancy Is on the Increase 1920 Census Report Shows Alarming Reduction in Per- centage of Farm Ownershlp s] HE 1920 census shows 6,449,242 farms in the United States, of which number 38,924,851, ' or 60.9 per cent, are oper- ated by their owners. Of the remainder, 68,512 are operated by managers and 2,455,879 by tenants. This is the smallest percentage of -farms operated by owners that the census has ever shown. Twenty years ago 64.4 per cent of the farms were operated by their owners and 10 years ago 62.8 per cent. In one state-—Georgla—there are 206,875 tenants, as compared with 102,123 farm owners. In seven -other states (all in the ‘South) there are more -tenants than farm owners. These states are Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, South Carolina and Texas. However, the one-crop system prac- ticed in the above states is not alone responsible for the decrease in farm ownership. In nine other states, prin- cipally in the diversified farming sec- tion of the Middle West, the percent- age of tenants ranges from 34 to 50 per cent. These states are Delaware, Illinois, Iowa, Xansas, Kentucky, Nebraska, North Carolina, South Da- kota and Tennessee. In most of the Nonpartisan league states the percentage of farm ownmer- ship is still above the average, though with one exception there are less farm owners than thete were 10 years ago. Following are the percentages of farm ownership in League states. Pct. of farms State operated by owners Colorado .......c..... 75.6 Tdaho! i okt 82.3 Towa i beatarasanhinty 57.1 Kansas : ..obiiimirasse . 58.7 Minnesota ........... 744 Montana ............. 87.2 Nebraska. ... 006 56.0 North Dakota ........ 73.2 Oklahoma .......... .. 48.6 South Dakota ........ 63.2 TexXas: b ... 46.1 Washington .......... 79.6 Wisconsin ........... 84.3 WHAT FARMERS LOST Charles S. Barrett, chairman of the National Board of Farm Organiza- tions, appearing before the rules com- mittee of the house of representatives at Washington, D. C., recently, said: “Agriculture in the tecent dxsastrous slump has lost seven billion dollars. This is one-half of the national wealth of the nation when Lincoln was inau- gurated president. It is seven times the amount of the annual revenue of the United States when McKinley was inaugurated. 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