The New York Herald Newspaper, May 9, 1877, Page 6

8 NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR, THE DAILY HERALD, published ecery day in the year, Three cents per copy (Sunday excinced). Ten dollars per year, or at rate ot one dollar per month for any period !eas finn six months, or five dollars for six mouths, Sunday edition included, tree of postax: tters or telegraphic despatches must Heraun. ‘should be properly sented. tions will not be returned, ——$— PHILADELPHIA OFFICE—NO. 112 SOUTH SIXTH STREET. LONDON ‘OFFICE OF THE NEW YORK HERALD— NO. 46 FLEET STREET. PARIS OFFICE~AVENUE DE L'OPERA, NAPLES OFFICE. . 7 STR. PACE, hehe! PARK THEATRE.—Couoxnt SxuLEts. GERMANIA THEATRE,—Duet Monat Nacu Dato, WALLACK'S THEATRE wruL Dap. aLerd NiGHT. DIGITATION, i Princess Royat, oxen Cann, Cuanuey. RE—Toxy Pastor MATINEE. eer Frsies, BROOKLYN PARK THE. NEW YORK AQUARI RGYPTIAN HALL.—¥V TONY PASTOR'S THEAT! TIVOLI THBATRE.—Vantrty. TRIPLE SHEET. Sami Tone WADNISDAy, WAY 9, 7, TO COUNTRY DEALERS. The Adams Exnress Company ran a special newspaper train over the Peunsylvania Railroad and its connections, leaving Jersey City at s quarter past four A. M. daily and Sunday, carrying the re; dition of the HeRALD as far as Harrisburg and South to Washington, reaching 7 ae ‘at # quarter past six A. M. and Washington at NEW YO z AY, MAY 9, 1877, NOTICK From our reports this morning the probabilities are that the weather in New York to-day will be tool, cloudy and threatening, possibly with rain and brisk winds, followed by clearing weather, Watt Srreet Yesterpay.—The stock market was less active than it has been for the last week and a general feeling of dulness pervaded specu- lation. As arule the closing prices were lower than those of Monday. Gold opened at 1071, and declined to 106%. Government stocks were lower, in sympathy with gold, and railroad bonds were higher. Money on call was very easy at 21g per cent, the closing quotation being 2 per cent. Our Crop or Corton this year promises to be good. Aw Excise Ficrion—Licensing liquor saloons as hotels, Tue Mormons will again send their Cannon to Congress. Sometutnc New.—Opposition desired in the coaching line. Firry-sEven Spritz Does licensed yesterday. It’s a comfort to know the precise number. Tuere Is A Great Dea or Noyes about life insurance troubles just now in Newark, N. J Sourn Caro.ina is preparing to pay the in terest on her State debt. Good for home govern- ment. Bank SUPER: Exuis is again telling all he knows about savings banks. This time at Albany. Over Oxe Tnovusanp Does, all in oa row, and making no end of a row, is just now the sen- sation at Gilmore's len. ScarLter Fever, diphtheria, measles and whooping cough are declared dangerous, even after death, by the Board of Health. Tue Trovun_es or Mercanticé Lire are illus- trated in the report of the “Browning vs. Smith” suit in the Su e Court. Taxrayers WILL Ise to heed Comp- troller Kelly’s warning. After Carnival Day twelve per cent interest will be charged on all arrears instead of seven. 3) and his counsellors in- shown by our special They evidently see Twat Bricuam Yo tend mischief is cles despatch from Salt the handwriting on the wall. How Mvcu Ir Costs to maintain the Indians is shown by the bids made for supplying them. Judging from the items the noble red man fully appreciates the comforts of civil life. A Lesson To Laptus fond of cheating Uncle Sam by evading payment of duty will be found in our court reports to-day. The accused has gone to Lockport to be locked up. Tuat Vetertnary Surcrons will disagree like doctors of high degree was proven yesterday at the Court of Special Sessions. The car driver gained his liberty because the judges were puz- gled. Tue Ricut Way to investigate a stock com- pany was shown yesterday at the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company mecting. Mr. Olmsted set an example worth following by all stock- holders. Tne Nationa, Ter Society an- nounces its satistaction with the decision of the Court of Appeals restricting the retail liquor traffic to hotels. But how will the society view the decision of our Excise Board to license all liquor dealers as hotel keepers ! Toe Weatuer. » cyclonic disturbance which suddenly appeared on Monday afternoon on the coast of Nova Scotia has as suddenly disappeared eastward into the Atlantic. The movement of this depression has been exception- ally rapid and has afforded little time to note its character. Beyond the fact of its approach from the southward little is known as yet regarding its course, but we shall soon hear of it again from our European observers, Tho de- pression in the Lower Ohio Valley has crossed the mountains to the const at Hatteras with a more limited area of precipitation and a lighter | rainfall. The winds have also moderated within this low area very considerably and a rising barometer is indicated at its contre. But when it reaches the ocean a barometric fall may again cause it to develop into a storm of great energy. The areas of highcat pressw i the North and Southwest, with : cy former area to extend into the Mississippi Valley and produce local disturbances by causing varia- tions of temperature and pressure. In the North- west tho pressure is falling rapidly with the advance of the great depression which has over- spread the Pacific coast territory for several A heavy gale prevails at North Platte, blowing towanl this new storm centre, | and rain is falling in the Upper Missouri Valley, High winds are also noted on the Texas coast. The weather in New York to-day will be cool, cloudy and threatening, possibly with rain and hye winds, followed by clearins weather, NEW YORK HERALD, wHvNHSDAY, MAY 9, 1877.—TRIPLE SHEET. eR RENT | The Eastern Question—The Crescent and the Cros—How the War Will Affect the United. States. The London newspapers who take sides with Turkey in the Eastern question are eloquent in denunciation of the ambition, the perfidy and the land hunger of the Czar. England, they say, is the most magnani- mous and forbearing of nations. She wants no provinces, no territory, not an acre nor & stone. All she cares about is that Europe shall be “independent,” that the Turks shall be “free,” and that the ambition of the terrible Czar shall be repressed. This is another of the illusions with which the English newspapers and orators amuse the world. It is like her claim of imperial ‘‘in- fluence.” Let us compare the history of the Russian and English empires since the accession of Peter the Great, not quite two centuries ago. Since that time the Russian Empire has grown from 2,980,000 square miles to 8,444,766, and from 16,000,000 population to more than 85,000,000, This represents the steady growth of an empire of civilization over barbarous nations like those in Central Asia or semi- barbarous anarchies like old Poland, In this period of time England has grown to be a much larger empire than Russia, with three million square miles in America, one mill- ion in Africa, a million in Asia, and more than two millions and a half in Australasia. The colonial possessions of Great Britain which have been gathered in the last few centuries are almost as large as the whole Russian Empire. It is charged against Russia that since the time of Peter she has been robbing her neighbors, encroaching on all sides, Thus she attacked Sweden and robbed her of Fin- land. She attacked Persia and took some of the Shah’s most important provinces. In 1792 she carried away a great slice of Poland. She has attacked Turkey and robbed her. She made war upon Khiva and deprived the Khan of his possessions, and now she wants the Danube and the Bosphorus, This is the record against Russia, and we do not ques- tion it, But what has England been doing all this time? England has robbed France and Spain and Holland in Europe; China, Burmah and India in Asia, not to speak of America and'Africa. Within the last century, says one English authority, ‘‘England has for every square league of territory annexed to Russia, by force, violence or fraud, appropriated to herself three.” This is not our charge, but that of a famous English statesman, which we quote for the purpose of showing our English friends that when they howl over the misdeeds of the Ozar in land stealing they forget their own. So far as the land stealing morality of the two nations is concerned it is Robert Macaire reproving Jack Sheppard. If it is said that England has only robbed other countries of their provinces for the purpose of civilizing the people the same may be said of Russia. England has gone into other continents and across the seas to take colonies in a spirit of adventure. Russia has taken hers on her own borders, and often for self-protection. The nations who have come under the Russian rule have been blessed by the change. If India and Ceylonand Mauritius are happier because England rules them now, so most assuredly are the serfs of Poland and the savages of the Caucasus under the Czar. If there is one nation in Europe which came as a conquering army, which has de- spised civilization, which knows and re- spects no authority but the sword, whose civil policy is aggressive, and whose re- ligion is lust and superstition, it is that Ottoman Power which many ruling minds in England would perpetuate even at the expense of a bloody war. The Turks have no sympathy with us either in race or relig- ion. They came into Europe and took Constantinople in the middle of the fif- teenth century. They were Tartars from Asia, By the sheer force of arms the Turk captured the most renowned and ancient Empire of the world—the home of the Greek and the Egyptian and the Carthagin- ian. He ruled in Athens and Jerusalem— the city of light and the city of religion. He menaced Vienna. Wherever he ruled he blighted and destroyed. The history of his advance is the history of civilization overthrown, industry paralyzed, laws vio- lated, temples cast down, art effaced. He has never changed. A warrior at the outset he has striven to engraft his warlike Empire upon the fair bosom of Christian Europe. The Turks have no arts, no science, Coun- tries which, ages before America was known, were the homes of a delicate and refined civilization have fallen under Turkish rule into decay. Tho story of their Empire isn scandal. Not many years have passed since they engaged in o fierce war with the Georgians, ‘‘in consequence,” says the his- torian, ‘‘of the Georgians having refused to continue to supply Turkish harems with a customary annual tribute of the handsomest of their daughters, offering, however, at the same time, in lieu, a yearly contribution in money.” In European Turkey the Ottomans are in the minority. Out of a population of more than eight millions, excluding the tributary States, we learn from ‘The Statesman’s Year Book” that only a million are Ottomans. The remainder are Greeks, Slavonians, Ar- menians and Albanians, These races are all now, and have been ever since the Turkish advent, subject to the Turk, who has rein- forced himself from Asia when repression and massacre were necessary. We not only, therefore, have an empire of abomination like Turkey sustained in Enrope, but we have it sustained as a ruling Power over millions of Christians. And for what? Simply because England fears that her communications with India may be en- dangered, In other words, England has by conventions and coalitions and wars built up an empire which she cannot defend, She asks Europe to defend it by sustaining the wretched Turkish Empire as a barrier to Russia, This at least is the argument which swayed England into a war twenty- three years ago. It is the argument we hear in many high quarters in England now. But we donot believe that the grent honest, Christian heart of England will respond to it, The men who want to support Turkey and to continue the fearful government which now devastates some of the fairest who own Turkish bonds, and army con- tractors, who look upon war as a blessing, and that truculent, selfish spirit which we find in all countries, and which cares for no right and for no duty that does not ma- terially aid their own interests, So far as this is a strugsle between the Crescent and the Cross, between the Russian and the Turk, our whole heart goes out to Russia, We pray that victory may rest upon the banners of the Czar, that he will not pause until he reaches the Bosphorus. We hope he will take Constantinople, and that if it pleases him he will keep it. Con- stantinople will be a much more useful cap- ital in the hands of a Christian monarch like Alexander than in those of the master of the harem. Let Russia do her work well. Since she has gone into the war let ber not pause until the Turk has been driven over to Asia, where he belongs. Let these provinces be ruled by Christian men. Give Austria her share, for Austrian is a wise, great Power who will rule with wisdom. Give Candia, Thessaly and Epirus to Greece, where they belong. Let the Slavonic States have a Slavonic ruler like the Prince of Montenegro, and if England is anxious about the road to India let her take Egypt. She will find that her Empire will be os strong with Russia on the Bosphorus as now with the ruthless Turk. England feared that if the Suez Canal were built it would cripple her commerce end keep her out of Asia, She finds she was mistaken. Sho will find a similar mistake when this war is over. Her rulers would be wise if they gave themselves some right toshare in the victory of the Czar by sharing with him the hazards of a campaign which commends itself to the admiration and the sympathy of the Chris- tian world. The Omnibus Charter Bill. Mr. Woodin called up this bill yesterday and the Senate concurred in the amend- ments made by the Assembly with one ex- ception, and later in the day the Assembly receded from that one. So the bill has received the final action of both houses and will to-day be sent to the Governor for his approval. In the debate yester- day democratic Senators admitted that the bill had good features, but de- nounced it as a whole. ‘They con- tended that it was a party measure in the interest of the republicans. Mr. Woodin replied that he was unable to find in it any clause making it a political measure. He said that there were no political appoint- ments to office, and that if some persons were legislated out of office it was merely because the number of departments and officers is reduced by the bill. ‘These reduc- tions, he maintained, will cut down the ex- penses of the city government about two hundred thousand dollars a year, and in this respect he thought the bill a genuine measure of reform. Mr. Morrissey, who is a leading democratic Senator, denied even more emphatically that it isa party measure. He said that he had suggested more of its provisions than any other member of the committee. This is not an over statement, for Mr. Morrissey is really the father of the bill. It has, therefore, an unquestionable deraocratic paternity, and if the Governor should veto it he’must put his negation on very dif- ferent ground from that taken by its opponents in the Senate, Mr. Morrissey says, and says truly, that the bill was gen- erally approved when first reported, but that the officers who would lose their places came up from New York and raised the cry that it was a party meas- ure for legislating democrats.out of office. He believes the Governor will sign it. The Governor certainly ought to sign it if Mr. Morrissey’s estimate of its character is cor- rect. At any rate, he cannot veto it on any such sordid and paltry ground as the loss of office by democrats whose services are not needed. The Daly Tragedy. The lamentable suicide of Mr. Daly adds another to the many victims of speculation. The deceased, a capable and energetic busi- ness man, was possessed of the passion for speculative adventures so common among Americans. He had been successful, but success in one direction was only an incen- tive to seck new fields of operation, He built the Windsor Hotel, calculating on an expenditure of half a million, and soon discovered that he had need of more than a million, A company was formed, mort- gages were given, and, although the success of the enterprise justified its conception, the load its projector was compelled to carry was heavier than he had calculated or could bear. Money pressures ensued, and, in Mr. Daly's own words, he found his troubles and anxieties increasing as the elasticity and strength of youth were de- parting. Anxieties, exaggerated, no doubt, by the operation of his own mind, super- induced disease, which laid hold of the brain, the organ most actively affected, and the result was suicide. The tragedy may well serve as ao wfrning in a direction in which such asad lesson is much needed, for Mr. Daly was a man of more than ordinary business capacity and strength of mind originally, and if his reason could be destroyed by the excitement of speculation who among our restless, rushing, high- pressure people can be considered safe? he y Up. The Union Republican Congressional Ex- ecutive Committee of Washington seems to be in financial difficulties, and Mr. George 8. Fisher, on its behalt, is beseeching the government clerks to pay up their campaign subscriptions. What he wants is ‘an hon- orable settlement,” and he regrots that there has been so much delay about it, especially in view of ‘the necessities of the commit- pt And the clerks do not pay! In fact, y are probably Janghing at Mr. George §. Fisher and the Union Republican Con- gressional Executive Committee.” Thenew administration has committed itself against political assessments, and a twelve hundred dollar clerk does not voluntarily pay two and a half per cent of his salary to a politi- cal committee, even if it has so long and so fine a name as Mr. Fisher's. We advise the “Union Republican Congressional Execu- tive Committee” to avail itself of the benefit of the bankrupt act. It is the easiest way out of the difficulty. Secretary Chandler scenes on the earth are tho stockjobbers | will not bleed any more. The Debate on Mr. Gladstone’s Res- olutions. Some advance is made in the current of events by the fact that the Roumanians are now actually belligerents and have ex- changed their fire from Kalafat with the Ottoman batteries at Widdin. This adds the force of the Roumanian army to the Russian line, and will release for operations at the front that many soldiers that would otherwise have been detained in Roumania to guard the rail- way. But this addition to the number of belligerents and other facts of the war reported are of minor importance by comparison with the debate in the British House of Commons, which tends directly to define the position of England, Mr. Gladstone has done an important service to his country in provok- ing the debate on the relations of England to the war in the East. His motives aro certainly beyond dispute, and, as stated by himself, are sure of the approval of right- minded men everywhere. He believes that his country is likely to be plunged into » war for which there is neither moral nor political justification— a war that will squander the resources of England to sustain a government which must necessarily disappear in the not re- mote future, and which for the good of mankind should disappear immediately; and he is of opinion that the man who be- lieves thus and does not do what he may to avert the danger is ‘the basest of men,” recreant to every moral conviction and patri- otic impulse, This is in the vein of simple common sense politics. It expresses dis- tinctly, we believe, the thought of the con- scientious masses of the people—always numerous in England, but stronger to-day than ever—who hold that the course of the government should not be determined from considerations of expediency and the sup- posed requirements of great schemes of international overreaching and chicanery, but from regard to moral rectitude, There is always danger that this element, when it makes itself felt in the politics of the day, will prove a marplot. As no man could conduct an ordinary commercial or industrial enterprise who refused to deal with any person that did not fulfil the re- quirements of his moral code, so interna- tional relations would suffer sudden inter- ruption everywhere if nations acted on the inspirations of moral intolerance, But it must not be forgotten that this element of earnest morality in a nation is the pivot upon which revolutions turn, Pol- ities are conducted in the ordinary way from year to year for generations, but ao movement inspired by the simple convic- tions of right and wrong comes ovcasionally to sweep away all that trivial game and supply new standpoints and motives for future action. It is instructiveand impor- tant to have it demonstrated just how strong that sentiment is to-day in England, and that will be the distinctive import of the vote on these resolutions, the debate on which was postponed till to-morrow. The War Movements. The Turkish territory now occupied by the Russian armies in Asia Minor is bounded by the line of the Tchuruckson River to Artvin, thence to the Souganlu range of mountains covering Erzeroum on the east- ward,.and thence, via Toprak Kaleh, to Ba- jazid on the southeast. Within this area four Russian columns are operating, with their intermediate supports of irregular cavalry. The column of Batoum has met with a check at that point in its progress along the coast toward Trebisond ; but leav- ing a force to observe Batoum, a portion of the coast army has been detached along the Tchuruckson Valley to co-operate with the Kars column and to clear the country in front of that one observing Ardahan. The Kars column has pushed its cavalry forward and around Kars and has cut the telegraphic and probably the road communications be- tween that city and Erzeroum, and menaces the Turks in position on the Souganlu Mountains, The Bajazid column has driven the Turkish forces in the vicinity south- westward toward Van and the Euphrates Valley, and is moving westward via Toprak Kaleh to turn the position at Souganlu, where the main body of the Turkish army is preparing to defend the road to Erzeroum. ‘Thus it will be seen that the Russian ad- vance, although extending along a con- siderable line, is governed by a very comprehensive plan, the object of which is the capture of Erzeronm. Unfortunately for the Turks, Erzeroum has no permanent defences of any importance, and the hastily erected works now thrown up and indiffer- ently armed will scarcely check the Rus- sians, when concentrated, for more than a day or two. Souganlu is therefore the key to Erzeroum, and there the decisive struggle must take place. If, however, the Bajazid column can force the passes near Toprak Kaleh, this key will be turned and the Turks will find themselves between two fires, ‘The situation on the Danube is "rcely changed from what it was a week ago. The Russians are gradually occupy- ing the bend of the river at Galatz, and ex- tending their lines southward of Ibrail and eastward toward the Sulina mouth. At the same time they are pushing westward toward Bucharest along the railroad line. The Koumanian army has committed itself to hostilities against the Turks at Kalafat, opposite Widdin, and now operates as a contingent of the Russian army, Mullett’s Roof, The United States Grand Jury made a presentment yesterday to Judge Benedict, in the United States Criminal Court, in ro- lation to the recent accident in the new Post Office building. ‘the jury find that the accident was immediately caused by the insufficiency of the truss which was substituted in the fifth story as a support to the roof for a brick wall which had pre- viously crossed the floor on that story, and which was removed because it endangered the court room immediately beneath. After the truss was in its place the manufacturers suggested to the supervising inspector the advisability of placing a second truss be- tween that already supplied and the west- ern wall of the building, in consequence of the deflection and length of span of the roof beams. ‘Tho sucaestion was unheeded and No pzy.. examination of the truss fur- nished by the contractors was made by the government officials. ‘The supervising ar- chiteat trusted to the supervising inspector, who in turn trusted to the foreman, and so the roof fell and victims’ lives paid the penalty. It is clear that somebody is to blame. The neglect of the present officials is evi- dent ; but beyond that lies the question of the capacity or incapacity of the original supervising architect, Mr. Mullett. Why was the wall left in the fifth story when it clearly endangered the court room below? If the truss had not been substituted is it not pretty certain that Mullett’s work would have brought down not only the roof, but the court room ceiling as well? Is the roof needlessly and dangerously weighted? Are the roof beams defective and of improper and hazardous length of span? These. aro proper subjects of inquiry. It is signifi- cant that Mr. Mullett has neglected to an- swer the summons of the capable Coroner's jury secured by Postmaster James to attend and be questioned, but has instead sent to the jury a wordy communication, assuring them that Mullett and the roof are all right. The jury are not satisfied with this and have sent a subpena to compel Mr. Mullett’s attendance, As there are four accomplished architects on the jury they will know what questions to put to Mr. Mullett, and he ought not to be allowed to disregard their sum- mons, Lee’s Confession—And What Follow. On the 22d of March the Henatp pub- lished a confession of John D. Lee, the Mormon bishop, in which Lee gave a full account of the Mountain Meadows mas- sacre, This document was written by Lee after he was sentenced to death, and when he saw that the Mormon leaders had de- serted him, and that his death was certain. It was handed by Lee to Mr. W. W. Bishop, May . $< one of his counsel, and was obtained from Mr. Bishop by the Hara. On the 234 Lee was executed at Mountain Meadows, and on the samo day the United States District Attorney, Sumner Howard, made public what purported to be another confession of Lee, differing in some respects from the real confession originally pub- lished by the Hrrarp, Later one Edward Gilman, of Salt Lake City, made affidavit that he had been employed by the District Attorney to procure a confession from Lee, on the promise that Lee should not suffer death, and that he had at the instance of the District Attorney otherwise tampered with Lee. We print elsewhere, by the per- mission of the Attorney General, a com- munication made to that officer by the District Attorney, in which Mr. Howard, we think, entirely clears himself of the charges brought against him by Gil- man. At the same time Mr. Howard’s state- ment shows conclusively that the docu- ment published by the Hzratp was Lee’s true confession. He relates that Lee gave him a manuscript, which he still retains, en- tirely in Lee’s handwriting, which he re- fused to receive as a full confession, telling Lee that he had already evidence which covered all the ground of Lee’s paper and more too. Mr. Howard offered, he says, to return the manuscript to Lee, who said it was not necessary, a8 he had already ‘fur- nished Mr. Bishop, his lawyer, with sub- stantially the same.” It was the document which Lee thus said he had furnished to Mr. Bishop, his lawyer, which the Hzraup pub- lished, our correspondent reporting the source whence he had obtained it. The document given by Lee to Mr. Howard was evidently the one published later. Incidentally, the District Attorney gives his official chief to understand in the docu- ment we print elsewhere that he has still evidence in his possession showing that Brigham Young did give orders concerning the massacre, and hints that all the persons who were concerned in that terrible crime are not dead nor beyond the reach of justice, He adds that Lee told him that Brigham Young had sent him word, in prison, by the woman Rachel, ‘‘to be true to his cove- nants and tot a hair of his head should be touched;” that Bates, the lawyer employed by the Mormon authorities to defend Lee on his first trial, was opposed to his making any statement, and that he is persuaded that Lee expected to be rescued on his way to execution. Rereading the Gilman affidavit in the light of District Attorney Howard's state- ment we are led to the conclusion that the attempt to misrepresent Mr. Howard had its rise in Mormon quarters and was in- tended to procure the removal in disgrace of an officer who apparently knows too much and is too zealous for justice to be liked by the Mormon authorities. This attempt has failed. We are glad to see Mr. Howard re- lieved of suspicions, and we trust he will proceed fearlessly and energetically with his task of bringing to justice all who had a share in the Mountain Meadows massacre, no matter how high he strikes. He may de- pend upon the strong sympathy and support of the whole public. PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE, Garfield does not oil his hair. “Duke Gwin’? is in San Francisco, Bradford, tho artist, bas returned to San Francisco, Ex-Governor Walkor’s beauty is captivating Cati- fornia. Those are times whon your old friends want to bor- row a. Travollors say that Kalilat by any other name would smell as sweet. Colonel Valentine Baker witl now probably join tho bashiul bazouks, Murat Halstend would not givo a Turkish fig for the mission to the Porte, If Zach Chandler lived at Fort Edward he could buy milk for four conts a quart, Sefior Von José do Soto, Second Secretary of tho Spanish Legation at Washington, is atthe Albemarle. Boston Post:—"The Lotos Club will have a house warming if thore is anything warming in the house,’’ Princess Beatrice is twenty, and has not had an offer of marriage. This ts being cut in the princess style. Senator William W, Eaton, of Connecticut, and Mr. William Beach Lawronce, of Rhode Island, are atthe Now York. Associate Justice Nathan Clifford, of tho United States Supreme Court, arrived at the Fifth Avenue yesterday from Washington. ‘The Burlington Hawkeye thinks that If you hadn't enough to buy a strawberry. Genoral Edward F, Boale, United States Minister to Austria, bas left Vienna on leave of ctsenes for Wash. ington, Ho is nccomnanted by hia familie. gono to the Centennial you might have saved monoy | THE WAR. Fighting Commenced Between the Roumaniais and the Turks, ARTILLERY DUEL AT IBRAIL. The Campaign in Asia—Progress of the Russian Advance, AUSTRIA ABOUT TO MOVE —— England and the War—Gladstone’s Reso ‘ lutions in Parliament. {er canLE TO THE RERALD.) Lonpon, April 9, 1877. The HERALD correspondent in Vienna telegrapha that the first shots were exchanged between the Roumanians and the Turks yesterday, between Widdin and Kalafat. The news i# con firmed by @ despatch from Bucharest, This will certainly precipitate events, and ® declaration of war by Roumania may be expected at any moment, On Monday the Rus- sian and Turkish shore batteries crossed their fire during several hours at three different points below Ibrail, The Russians intend to sink ships and tor pedoes at the Sulina mouth of the Danube for the purpose of effectually stopping the passage Another despatch, dated Bucharest, Tuesday, says :—A serious artillery engagement is expected otIbrail, Five Turkish monitors are near by, evi- dently bent on attack. The Turks have ceased capnonading Kalafat on account of the vigorous ree ply of the Roumanians, A despatch from Bucharest, May 8, says:—A Ronmanian army corps started in the direction of Giurgevo this morning. The immediate declara- tion of Roumanian independence is expected by the Chamber, which meets this even- ing. Public opinion is resigned io this step rather than changed, but events on all sides are too strong for the people who express opposition to it. The Russian advance guard will arrive at Giurgevo this evening. Roumanian ar- tillery has started for Oltenitza to resist any new attempt on the part of the Turks. Thus at last we have open war between Roumania and Turkey. The Princess of Roumania has accepted the pres- idency of the Jaesy committee of relief for the wounded and widows of the war. A Vienna despatch reports that a Roumanian circular has been issued complaining that the proceedings of the Turks renders Roumania’s abstention from hose tilities almost impossible. ‘THE CAMPAIGN IN ASIA, A Vienna correspondent, discussing the military site uation jn Asia, says:—‘A simultancous advance by the caravan road from Bajazid toward Erzeroum on the left, from Alexandropo!l to Kars in the contre and on the right toward Batoum, leaves little doubt that the object of the Russian operations is Erzeroum and not Kars, All these lines converge on Erzeroum. The position which Mukhtar Pacha occupies commands tho junction of tho two roads which lead from Kara through the passes of Soughaulu and Dagh; butgunfor. tunatoly besides the Russian centre which is ad- vancing from Kars thero are also indications of an advance from the two wings. As regards the advance on the left, now that Bajazid is taken, there seems nothing to stop this column from moving up to the plateau of Imdagb, which is a strong defonsive position, but lies in the rear of the position occupied by Mukhtar Pacha, As regards the operas tons of the Russian right wing, the advance on Batoum ‘was probably a feint to mask the advance of a column up the valley of the Tchuruksou. Once in this valley the Russians get on a fair road, converging on Erzeroum from the northeast; that is, to the rear of the two positions which bar the way of the remaining two Russian columns. As it may bo supposed tho Russians will try to effect ajunction of their three columns, each of them will support the advance of the other two, and if the wing colamns come on sooner Mukhtar Pacha’s position with them in his rear will become untenable and he will be obliged to take up a position close in front of Erzerourm.” OPERATIONS AT KARS AND VIANDY, A despatch from Vienna says the news of the unsuo cessful attempt of the Russians to carry Kars by @ coup de main ‘# confirmed by o Russian bolletin, which speaks even of two atrempts storm tho citadel. In consequenco ot this the apprehensions entertaincd at Constantinople about the tate of Kars are set at rest. The supposition that the Russians will not sit down before Kars, bat will invest it and proceed with the balk of their forces toward Erzeroum, seems like. wise to have already found confirmation, for both wings of the army appear to be moving to turn the positions of Soghaule and Dagh, and thus force Mukbter Pacha to withdraw and leave the passes open tor the Russian main force. A despatch from Paris says:— “It is allegod hero that Kars is about to surrender, that the Turkish army between Kars and Erzeroum is in danger of defeat, and that immediately on these events happening Safvet Pacha will be sent to treat for peace, A Centra! News tolegram dated Vionna yesterday, said :—“Intelligence received bere confirms the rumora that the Turks suffered a defeat before Kars and suse tained heavy losses. Ali Pacha was takon prisoner, Thero is great ancasiness at Constantinople,” ROUMANIA’S RESOLVE. Prince Charles of Roumania, acknowledging the ads dress presented to him by the Senate ip reply to the speech from the throne, recounted the acts of hostil- ity committed by the Turks against Roumanian ports and open towns on the Danube and their peaceable Inhabitants and Roumanian vessels, and said:—‘‘In consequence of the aggressive attitude of Turkey the Ronmanian government will dispiay not only tho foreaight but also the energy which both chambers of the Legis!ature bave prescribed. I fore. see, however, with sorrow,” he concluded, ‘thas moderation wiil be of no avail, and that we must meet torce by force, a8 it ie our duty to defend our coun. try.” AUSTRIA TO OCOUPY BERVIA AND ROBNIA, A correspondent at Vienna remarks it is noteworthy that the Ministerial journals which hitherto have beon representing Austrian occa- pation of Bosnia or Servin as a remote possibility now unanimously lay great stross upon av earlier probability of such action in order to forestall complications, Panslavistic agitation having recom. menced in Servia and tho enlistment of volantoers for the Bosnian tusurrection being connived at by the Servian local authorities, A letter from Berlin to the Ministerial Freemdendlatts says that Count Zieby, the Austrian ambassador to Turkey, will on his return to Constantinople acqua'nt the Porte of Austria’s inton+ tion to enter Bosnia, and probably Servia, PERPARING FOR THK NAVAL STRUGGLE A Berlin despatch says Russia is seeking German machinists in order to make the Russian navy ready for sea as soon a8 possible. Nambers of American naval officers, cngincers and machinista have been arriving at Hamburg for somo time, on their way to St. Petersburg. <A Constantinople despatch says, notwithstanding the Russian promise that Turkish ships shoald have eight days to leave Russtan waters, ten Turkish ships wore seized at Kertch the day after the declaration of war, Tho Porte has lastructed Musurus Pacha, ite ambassador at ica