The New York Herald Newspaper, May 6, 1876, Page 5

aaa mamas ly | apmronenee “QLD DEFENDERS. instructive Interviews With Three of the Old Heroes of Baltimore, Nicholas Brewer. Joshua Dryden and Jesse L. Hiss. THE WAR OF 1812. Centennial Reminiscences---Religion, Travel and Morals, A. D. 1800. COLONEL NICHOLAS BREWER. Batrimons, May 4, 1876, Colonel Nicholas Brewer, the secretary of the “Old Defenders’ Association,” of Baltimore, was eighty-seven. years old Sunday, March 21, 1876. He does not look to be moro than seventy. To be sure his hair is white as the driven snow, but his voice is strong, his eye is keen wad bright, his nerve is perfect, his step quick and plastic, and his short, thickset body gives a person that ddea of strength which causes one rather to prefer an- other antagonist, should a discussion degenerate into hard knocks. He talks with tho ease and vigor of a man of forty, and it would be hard to find a pleasanter raconteur withal. When asked what were his views upon THR APPROACHING CENTENNIAL be said:---2 think they ought to celebrate it as John Adams said about the Fourth of July, ‘with the firmg of guns, the beating of drums, the waving of flags, the ringing of bells and fiddling, singiug and dancing.’ ‘was glad to see Congress move in the mater. We (re- ferring to his association of the soldiers of the war of 1812) bave been talking about making arrangements to go on to Puiladelphia Yes, sir; I heartily there approve of it and expect to bo if i should live so long. Our members aro very few now, ana when men reach my time of life they do Bot wish to look far abead; but it would bo a disgraco to us as a uation if this celebration should fail. Why, sir, when we consider that but 100 years ago there were only 3,000,000 Amoricans in the United States and that now we spread from ocean to ocean and are the equal of any nation on the globe, the thing seems in- tredible—a miracle, sir, a miracle, and one that should be marked by just such a demonstration as Joun Adams recommended.” “43 OLD AS THR PRESIDENCY.” When asked to give some recollections of bis early life, the manners and customs then prevailing, the amuse- ments in vogue, &c., he said:—'I was born 1m the city of Annapolis, 10 the same month that Goorge Washing- ton took his seat as President of the United States for the first time, so that 1 am as old.as the Presidency it- self, Annapolis at that time was pretty much as it is now~-a finished city. People in joke used to talk of tunning a fence round it. The State House, where Washington resigned his commission, was really a fine building, and there was a handsome church and col- fege, and the old ball room back of tho hotel,-in which Washington has danced meny a night, was tho fnest of its Kind in the country. ‘The ball room still remains pretty much in the same condition as when Washington honored it with his presence. At uUis ume old John Johnson, Reverdy Johnson's lather, and old Mr. Kelty were both distinguished law- yers. I remember Luther Murtin well. He was a man of wonderful talent, but very peculiar in his manner. At times ho was sociable and tamiliar with everybody, while.at others he was morose and distant and very Wisagrceable. 1 think he was unquestionably the greatest lawyer that Maryland over produced, though he noy+r would plead a case unless be was under the Influence of hquor. BAULTINGRE IN 1800, “{ never saw Washington, bat knew of him, of course, while he was living, and his death is indelibly impressed upon my memory by the profound sorrow which seomed to overwhelm the people, regardless of Olass or sex. Annapolis was wrapped in gloom as though a pall bung over it, I moved to Baltimore shortly alter 1800, The city then had about 30,600 in- habitants, Where i am now {Colonel Brewer's house is on Jefferson street, about haifa mile from the water and at ieast two miles from the nearest boundaries of the city] there was a burying ground. We used to shoot vats right back of i. Wehad a theatroin the city and gardens all round the suburbs, where we had fireworks and plays on Sundays, and the citizens flocked there by the thousand and drank their milk paoches, There was an old fellow vy the name of Durang who used to haye bis com- pany here, and on the odge of the city, about a quarter of a mile from here, we used to have chicken fights, bear figbta and bull baits. On the Fourth of July there was always a gen- eral parade and a salute fired. Though the city was small at that timg (1807) we had some 3,000 men in uniform, It was during this year that the Leopard fired on the Chesapeake in our own bay. 1 never saw- anything like the people in my life. They were stark mad, In less than a year 5,000 troops were uniformed and equipped. The excitement increased, and jn 1809 Captain Pryor arrived here with tbree pipes of gin on board his veagel, on which the British had compelled him to pay tribute. We took thom out and.burned them on Landenslager's Hill Captain Pryor, then a prominent merchant, led the party. THR RIOT OF 1812, “You ask me if I remember General Lingan’s death fm 1812 Perfectly, as though it were yesterday, Lingan was a Montgomery county man, but he got mixed up with a party of fellows here who published a paper called the Federat Republican, which opposed the war and indulged in the most ecufrilous abuse of the President and everybody else except themselves, The people rose up and tore down the building, Tho pro- prietors took their paper up to Montgomery and issued it from there, spreading it broadcast through Baltimore. If they had remained there they never would have been molested, but they had tho temerity to come back to Baltimore and rent a house on Charica street froma Mrs. White, They collected a number of men together and barricaded themseives while printing this ob- noxious sheet. I heard of it and, mounting my horse, rode to the office, I found tho people fu @ state of terrible excitement, The newspaper men from behind their barricade had fired on the people gathered in front of the office and had killed a Gitizen namod Gale, George P. Stevenson, our brigade major—a thorough going {fellow ho was, too--directed mo to go after Captain Hanna’s company of Fell’s Point dragoons, for the purpose of taking the mer out of the house and carrying them over to jail, 1 ex. seuted his order, and they were safely removed, in spite of the monaces of the mob; but when night camo B great oversight was committed. . No guard was sta- tioned at the jail. I walked up there with Adjutant Bias shortly after nightfall. Thero were a few rowdies about anda great many lookers-on. 1 turned to Bias and said that the lookers-on only encouraged the row" dics, and we were netting a bad example. With twenty men 1 could have taken care of the jail and driven of the rowdies. We were turning away when tho mob made a rush on the jail with axes and crowbars aud burst in the doors, I immediately rushed In with thom, but the prisoners, unfortunately, attempted to make their way out, General Lingan was beaten to a shapeiess mass on the stops, and George Winchester, prominent ther and alterward, got a cut across his forehead which he carried to bis grave. A WORK OF RESCUE, “| was very indignant at the outrages and interfered in time to save the life of one man, but my friend bado me be eureful, or I would be identified with the prison- vrs, a8 a mob wever cared much who the victim was so that their infernat malice could be gratiiled, Thomp- soa, an Englishman by birth, Vat at that time a promi- nent morchant in Baltimore, was seized by the mob. Yhey tarred and feathered him, having stripped him to the waist, and stuck at least Mity ping in him, He was then put ima wagon, Justat this time an Irishman made a move (o knock him on the bead with a pickaxe; but | felled him ( the earth without any more to-do, awd walkea of with my friend toward home before the tmob discovered who the assailant was, I took a short cat aud soon reached home, but had not been there many minutes before Lheard @ horrible yelling aud ac ae tT tie BD NS ON OR ATP ORR SRL LE LLNS REE SERS ORIOLES TOADS ME NEE LEE A TLE 2 DE AEE TCE DAD TTR NETL ATA ED RLS SAE ALT) AIA AP LALA ADP CIO ADO ARDC EEO ETN RR ne ee i ne mens omtee. NASER, coming down by my house, ‘with Thompson in the wagon. Tho cry was, ‘To the market house and Mang hi mm the hooks!" and I have no doubt they Would have carried out their vtl- lanous threat, but the main body of the mob had gone on to the market house while the wagon stopped at a pump in front of my dwelling. Unly a few of the row- dies were guarding it, and | quickly got together some of my neighbors, who were only too glad to assist In such & thy undertaking. We drove aif tho Thompson was enabled to conecal bimseif from oo ageeig ge I don’t know exactly what became of him, but I think very shortly alter he had removed his adhesi coat of tar and feathers he shook the dust off his feet and went back to the Old Country. FIGHTING THE RED COATS AT NORTH POINT. “When the war broke out [ was made a lieutenant in the Sixth regiment of Maryland Volunteers. We were stationed at Fort McHenry, but whee Lard Bolas War- rep and Admiral Cockburn made their first trip up the bay we were ordered to North Point. Thev came yr almost under the guna of the fart apd eap- pos ‘They attempted to iand at North Port ad ® scrimmage with thom, aad would, | captured the whole party had not our com- mandi rf officer been toomuch ina hurry. After the battle of Biadensburg there was intense evcitc ment in the city, but no giving way. Adetermipation mani fested itself to meet the encmy. Fortifications were thrown up and Commodore Rogers and Commovore Porter, with their crews, amounting to about 799 men, reinforced the troops, My regiment was commanded ‘by Colonel William MeDonald, We had abet 3,009 men in the battle of North loint, while the British bad 9,000, Forthe number engaged it was a bloody o counter, We lost 220 men and the British 600, inctuding their commander. The night betore thoy gent ap a y of 1,200 picked men to take the fort with scaling but we had a masked battery uf six guns just intended to land. The guard beard the dipping of tae and the battery opened on them and destroyed a number of their bouts. +L went 1m, with Madison, for the war and fought it out, Virginia furnished more soldiors than any other State; but Maryland, in proportion:o her size, ture nished five times a8 many as any other. Mursachu- autts furnished fewer than any of the States, land, with an area of 10,000 miles, pincod 5: men in the field, Iknew William Pinkney well, seryed togethor in the army. He was major of the First battalion of rflemen. I have heard him make mauy a speceh, and | accompanied him to the man-of- war when he went to England as Minister, 1 was in- timately acquainted with Charles Carroll, of Carroll ton, up'to the day ot his death. Richard Caton, who married a daughter of Charles Carroll, was a yery fine- looking Englishman, Carroll died when ninety-lour ears of age, in the full possession of bis faculties, Jnuil he was ninety-two he drew his own deeds, One day, shortly after he had reached this advanced age, he walked into my office and said:—‘Brewer, I think it w about time for me to stop. I shal! appoint a trus- tee,’ and shortly afterward he appointed one of his sons-in-law trustee to take care of his propery. CUSTOMS AND MANNERS OF THK TMX, “In the olden times all travelling was done by stage conches, Tho masl coach would take a whole day, and sometimes more, to go from Baltimore to Annapolis. Three days trom Baltimore to Philadelphia was rather a quick trip. There were inns at regular intervals along tho roud. You paid $10 lor your passage, aud you spent fully $10 moro before you reached your des- Uinat on for meals, lodging and incidentals, Supphes came into the city by immense mountain wagons. have seen at the Marsh market 200 of these tremendous wagons ofa morning; one of your twopenuy alluirs, like they have now, but great big concerns, with can- vas coverings, like houses on wheels, “During the war of 1812 we were blockaded and al- most starved here in Baltimore. We badn’t a manu. factory ot any kina, The manufacture of cotton wag started during the war. “In my young days people were not only sociable but honest. Everybody knew everybody else, You could go tobed and leave your front door open with perfect security. It was notitke itis now. We had about half a dozen watchmen in the city for show—Dutchmen who couldn't ‘understand atword you said and you couldn't understand them. “L remember the vank riot very well, It was in 1835, 1 was always opposed to rioters and nssisted in putting this down. I have always takon a deep interest w politics, In 18001 walked three miles to the polls and pulled off my hat to hurrah tor Thomas Jefforson, 1 was a Henry Clay man, an old line whig, and st tained tho government during the late rebellion. I ex- erted all my influence with Goveraor Hicks wo keap him from caihng togethe> the Myryland Logislature at the breaking out of the war, and Wien a raid was made in this direction during the war | was appointed Fitth ward commander, and organized a command ot 600 men to meet the tavaders.”” Colonel Brower belongs to an old Maryland family located in and around Annapolis, some members of which havo distinguished themselves in the history of the State, out it may be doubted whether any have sur- pasged him in thoae homely virtues which are so true a test of the manly faith within, As was said above, ho is now in his eighty-eighth year, but, with luck, thero is no reason why he should not live ta bea hundred and even more, He walks trom his house to his office and back, a considerable distance, twice a day. His sight is’ perfect, and he writes with a clearness and boldness that many young men would be glad to imitate, MAJOR JOSHUA DRYDEN. THE PRESIDENT OF THE ‘‘DEFENDERS”— PROGRESS OF BALTIMORE—SOCLAL CHANGES— POLITICAL INGBATITUDE OF THE PEOPLE. Bautrworg, May 3, 1876, I called upon Major Joshua Dryden to-day at his res- jaence on Liberty street, The Major lives in a hand- some four story mansion on the decline of a bill which takes In a view of a large area of the southwestern por- tion of Baltimore. 1 was pleasantly received and shown to Major Dryden's sitting room on tbe second floor, where I found a tall, stately gentleman, with snow white hair and beard, finely cut features and an upright, manly bearig, which a person woald scarcely expect to find the accompaniment of cighty-six years of American life. A glance at the surroundings soon convinced one of the taste of the occupant. Pictures of meritalternated with portraits of those men of a former period whom the present generation have almost learned to regard as giants—the friends, doubt- less, of Major Dryden, who have passed away and lett bim, as it were, stranded upon the shores of another era, The furniture was elegant without meretricious orna- ment, just as we wonld expect to find in the drawing room ofan old hero, A bright wood firo gave a cheer- fulness to the apartment which no modern heater can bestow, and several little birds gayly twittered in a cor. ner, in which direction the old gentleman cast his eyos from time to time with evident delight, THE CENTENNIAL. Alter the asual salutations, the Major said he thought the contemplated celebration of the ono hundredth an- niversary of American Independence eminently proper. Our country’s development had been unprecedented. He thought the general government should do every- thing possible to insure its success, The States also shouid all send good delegations to the opening, be- cause jt is a matter of general interestand pride, Halti- more had been extending ber expenditures very largely Of late inconstructing public improvements to meet the very great increaso in business and population which the city has In prospective, and this would nnke her less able at this time to aid hor aimter city, but the finances of the State are in such a favorable conditicn that the Legislature did not hesitate to give Philadel- phia very material aid, BALTIMORS IN BIGHTERN NUNDRED AND THRER ‘The Major, continuing, said;—“L cameto this city when a mere boy in 1803, and apprenticed mysell toa tailor, Atthat time the population was about 30,000, Howard Woods came within 200 yards of my present residence (the Major’s residence now isnot very far frem the water front, the city extending miles beyond it in every direction), and to the west of the house, ous there where you seo ali those extensive buildings, wero corn fields, Boys were boys im those days, and wa knew but little about amusements, Now ped are men at fourteen. I juined the Chureh very cariy in life, und never went to a theatre but once. Yes, 1 was swindled into ono once In New York by one of my daughters At tho time I speak of the Hol. think, Iiday Street Thowtre the only theatre tn the city, Lbeheve there was a circus across the bridgo, le Museam, which was subsequently turned intoa theatre, had a very large and interesting collection, _ It was very livoralty, ized by ail clacses of peonie, The prin- cipal trade carried on until after the war of 1812 was ta pes ota lt was brought to the city in wagons and carts from the up country, and im packets irom the bay counties, and shipped to foreign ports, MANSERS OF THE reOrLE, “In old times the people were very scciable. The fact is Baltimore or Maryiaud isa kind of middio ground between the North and the South, but partakes more of the latter than the former. In 1808 they tried to make every one happy around end shout thein, aad I believe they do the same thing to-day, TING vig mm 1812, “When war broke out in 1912 | enlisted in the Fifth regiment, Maryland Volunteers, commanded vy General Sterrett, We marched to Bladensburg when that town was threatened, At frst General War came up ‘And appeared to take “charge of ‘ar came | the whole atrare, Commodore Barney also joined us with the meu from his flotilla, and continued the en- gagemen' ‘the army had retreated, Our force was more than half aa large aa thas of toe British, and we betng raw militia and they rogulat troops tue re- suit could be easily conceived. The main body of tho troops retreated to Baltimore, and some few went to- ward Washington. Of course there was very grout ex- citement in Baitimo: Tho ra- ‘mor soon reached ux that up the bay to attack Balt} hastily and forti ns down in the direction of 5 4 rially assisted by troops from Pennsylvania acd neighboring towns of this State. We were drawn up behind 8 fen: broly M4 eo guard Was od gee joitre, They svon m9 with recoun arrest nee hen the NEW YOKK HHKALD, SATURDAY, MAY 6, thought that tho killiag of General Ross was what saved Baltimore, Upon our return to Baltimore wo were enthusiastically received bg the citizens, Trade, alter the war, became very brisk. L used to take a great toterest, 1a, politics—that |8, “L used to toke a groat imterest in as & private chtiaen. 1 was a member of the old whig party, but when the country showed its ingratitude by turning down Mr. Clay [ quit polities and have had but little to do with elections eines. always felt the greatest interest in the im- tof Baltimore, ant have contributed to it ax ras my Means would allow, buying iy and building on it whenever | could, Generally my health is very good. | am at present President of the Assecia- tion of *Cld Dy Le JESSE L. HISS, ANOTHER “‘OLD DEFENDER” OF BALTIMORE IN- TELVIEWED-—RUSNING FROM THE BRITISH IN 1812—MANNERS AND MORALITY IN THE PaST— TRADE AND POLITICS. Baurimonn, May 3, 1876, Josse L. Hiss, another of the *‘Old Defenders” of Baltimore, is in his cighty-ninth year, Within a year his memory was as good, his mind as frm and his frame an strong as ab any previous period of is life, but latterly he bas Ddroken greatly. ‘The fell destroyer has inid bis heavy band upon bim, and thongh he etrivea hard to nourish the wonderlul vitality that has so jong sastaived himy it is evident to*his friends that he is a mere wreck of hisformcr self, He giadly welcomed the Hxxaro correspondent to-day and courteously waved him to a seat, apologizing for not berg able to rise. Ho said he had often read that paper with delight and believed tt to be the groutest journal in the world, 1y was one of the most remarkable evidences of what energy and talent conid accomplish in th reat country. In re. iy to my questions he said:—"'} am in favor of the fo hadlers avd thing the general government and the ve done everything in thew powor go that its sucens# may be assured, 1 was born in Baltimore county and came tothe city in, 1800. Baltimore city was at tuat time embraced in the county, STRICTNESS OP MOKAL® IN THE TAST. “Whero 1 wae raised there were no amusements ¢: cept going to church, That was about all peop! thought of. They wore #0 strict that people actually would pot allow their children to play with those of State governments hi their neighbors, There was a racecourse, Tim- oneum, not far from us in 15¥0, and’ Gon- eral ‘Ridgeley, a large landed raised some very fine horsos, but suffered to go near it. In 1800 | learned my trade of chairmaking with Mr, Fisher, tho grandfather of tho present bankers Major General Stansbury was at that time a very distinguished man in Baltimore county and arivalof General Ridgeley, whom he soveral times outstripped for ihe Legisiature, General Jobn Eager Howard, of Revolatiouary fame, Generals Smith: and Holling aud tho Ohvers aud Sterretis were all prom: iment men. 1 remember well BONAPARTR’S MARRIAGE in 1803 with Miss Patterson, and the excitement it created in Baltimoro, 1 was customary then tor ladies to wear very short sleeves and very long gloves, which they wrinkled when they moved their arms, and we used to wear queues, cocked hats and kneo breeches. Tremember au old man, named Stewart, a manutac- turer of nulls, He was very rich and somewhat eccen- He wore a queue down bis back fully a yard long. We had a circus, theatre and museum in Baltimore ut time, but they were much stricter with boys (han they are how, and wo were not permitted to frequent such places. Baltimore in the old time was a great place for cock fighting. Tho most respectable citizens raised their birds and took the deepest interest in thoir rformances. Trade was very brisk previous to the BG ‘of 1812, Woe used to ship chairs around Cape Horn, and we did a tremendous business with the West Indies. There was also a large trade carried on with the East Indies. I have known a whole cargo of tea to be sold here at a time. ‘As to elections, I do not believe they ever have been or ever will be bsosldga f fair. They used to cheat a good deal in old times. it was dono in a quiet way, and generally in a small way, Men were bought up indi- vidually and not by the drove, a5 they are now; bat a much better class of men were clected in those days to fill the offices. CHASED BY THR BRITISHERS. “When the war broke out in 1812 1 went down to An- Mapolis and was sworn in. 1 was in the race from Bladensburg, As was gotting over the fence a little fellow ahead of me got struck with a bullet and turned head orer hecis, I never stopped to pick bim up, but went straight on as fastas 1 could go. 1 stop ata tavern and got my dinner, and slept on the floor that night; but they yelled out that the Hritish were coming the next morning, and, without stopping to settle with my landlord, I made tho best of my way to Baltimore, At the battle of North Point we were entrenched in Patterson's Park, where the fortifications still remain. I remember the riot of 1812 at the time Goneral Lingan was killed. I participated init, It grew out of the war. I have always been a demoorat. 1 went for Jack- gon because he came next to Washington, and [ only wish ho was alive that I might vote for him now." ‘At this point your correspondent thought 1t advisa- ble to discontinue his questions, as the old gentleman was very feeble and his reminiscences seemed to excite bin, THE PRESIDENT OF CUBA. SEERTCH OF THE LIFE AND SERVICES OF PRESI- DENT PALMA, OF OUBA LIBRE, An old friend of President Estrada Palma, of the Republic of Cuba, bas farnished to the Hexatp tho fol- lowing sketch of his Ife and services :— PRESIERNT PALMA isa native of the city of Bayamo, His father, a vory wealthy planter, whose estates wero principally sitnated on the banks ot the Kiver Canto, died while he was an infant. At twelve years of age his mother sent him, atter he quit school at Bayamo, to tho College of Havana, tere he graduated with great distinction. In 1864 ne returned to Bayamo and attended to the care of his mother’s property. His love for her is satd ot have boen intense, und the parent and son wer 8b inseparable, He studied law and pleaded cases in the courts for the of Bayamo, free of cost, and was greatly beloved for his charitable deeds. In 1868, WHEN THR ERVOLUTION BROKE OUT, Palma, who had long been an abolitionsst at heart, freed all his slaves. Many of them jotned the ranks of the patriots, accompanying their former master. Shortly efter—namely, in 1868—tho war commenced Palma’ mother died of a broken heart. The Cuban patriots formed a provisional government and desired that Palma should hold office, but he steadi!y refused to ac- cept such trust until a constitution bad & adopted. The constitution was adopted at Guimai Paima was ciected subsequently MEMER OF CONGREBA from the Kastero, of Oriental, Department. Twenty Congressmen were appointed, five fur each of the De- partinents—Oriental, Cainagnoy, Las Villas and Occi- dente, The military government of tho Re- public is subservient to that of the civil Authorities, and tho object has been to pre- vent the formation of mulitary cabals. Dariog *speeeas! these Congresamen, whose places of meeting ore gencraily in the mountatn fastuesses, lan gemoa Te. turn to theif districts and stacy tho special require- ments of thoirconstituents, The discipline of the army, ite provisioning, the providing of war material, ke., come under therr supervision, av also the formas tion of laws. Vaimato PRRSONAL APPRARANCE in amail of stature and delicato looking, but of a lithe and active frame, Owing to a lack great physical Strength he has not been sent out with the patriots to attack the Spaniards, vat bas given time and time again proof of his cu by succoring, while under the cnemy’s tire, his wounded countrymen, Mis MANNRRS. are gentie and unassuming, and he it generally beloved dy his brethren who are nuw struggling for liberty from Spanish tyranny. MAY ANNIVERSARIES. The namber of the anniversary meetings of the va- rious societies in this city which are usually held in May ‘a diminishing each year, and the custom is evi- dently falling into disuse. Several of the largest or- ganizations which heretofore ¢ held their anniver- paries here now go to other cities. The American Bible Society has its anniversary exercizes in Philadelphia on the 16th inst., and the anniversary mectings of the Baptist societies take place in Butfalo on the 23d, 24th, ‘2oth and 26th insts, The following are the mootings thus far announced to take place in this city:— SUNDAY, MAT 7, meriean Home Mis- v. Leovard iy Taber. jourth etreet, Bacon, D. D., of New Haven, in the Bro nacie, corner of S:xth avenue and Thirty:! at half-past seven o’clock. American Hible Society discourse by Rev. W, J. Tayior, of Newark, in the Fifth avenue Presbyterian church, at half-past seven o'clock. MONDAY, MAY 8. National Temperance soe The olevent veranry will take place at Stemway Hall at balf-past seven o'clock, Addresses will be delivered by Kev. George H. Hepworth, Rev. J. 8 Kounard, Roy, W. J. Kerton, Witliam &. Dodge and others, Umon Theological Seminary Alumni mecting, at which Rov. Dr. Adama wiil dell an address at two o'clock. TUESDAY, MAY 9% ‘The annual meeting of the Woman's Board of For- eign Missions will ve held inthe 4 of tho Col. logiate Reformed church, corner of Fifth avenue aod Twenty-ninth street, at two o'clock, weoxrapay, may 10. ‘The annual convention of the National Woman's Suf- frage association will be held at Masonic Hail, corner of Sixth avenue and Twenty-third street, the sessioi being at half-past ten A. M., two P. M. and eight ¥ The American Homo Misstonary Society will hold its annual meeting at the Bible House at four o'clock, The filty-first annual meeting of the American Tract Society will be held at Dr. Crosby’s church, corner of Fourth avenue and Twenty-second street, at ten o'clock A. M. THCRSDAY, MAY 11. The New York State Woman's 5 Association will hold it# anpaal convention in the Mazonic lemplie, at which ons. The annual mooting of the American Bible Society yas sons <6 Ste oeeeee im the Bible House, at Pr COAL WORKERS. GLOOMY PROSPECTS FOR COLLIERS—PRODUCTION TO BE UNUSUALLY LIMITED DURING THE SUMMER, Wirxxsnarne, Pa., May 5, 1876. The enforced suspension of coal production in the Lebigh region commenced yesierday and will con- tinue tor tweive full working days. The suspension affects all the collieries depending upon the Lehigh Valley Railroad for cars and transportation and throws aome twenty mines in the Wyoming region Into idie- ness. This-state of things has been brought about by the coal combination, whieh has the power to coerce even so gigantic @ corporation as tho Lehigh Valley Railroad Vompany to draw in the traces withouta murmur, Last week it appeared as if some of the bonds which hold the coal combination together were to be — broken and the wholo arrangement go to pieces, The Lehigh Valley Rail- road Company seemed, too, incliued to exercize some of its old time independence, and wout on carrying all the coal shippers exw fit to send by it. Its quota, as es- tablished by the combination, was greatly overrun, aud, when notified of the fact, President Packer inti- mated that as his was a carrying rather than a coal producing corporation, be did not see how he could re- fuse to receive shipments and disappoint his custom- erg at the dictation uf outside pares, He thought ho wonld be obliged to take all the coal offered unless two-thirds of the ahippers by the Lehigh Valley route should join im a_ petition | for him to yield to a temporary suspension, This indi- cationof policy on Mr. Packer's part did not pleuse tho combinationisis, and they immediately touk steps to forco Mr. Packer to their terms, A threat to make coal cheaper at tidewater did the business, and the Lehigh Valley Railroad is as auiet jamb within the told of the great combination, and quite ne im- tent to go against the Wishes of the coal monopo- ists agany of the insignificant individual operators in this valley, The price of cont ts to be maintnned at all hazards 1c i evident, thas early, — that the seasop is to bo marked by a series of suspension of longer or shorter duration, as the com bination may direct, The men will have lees work than they st year, and the coal trade will be tit lo theend, Miners ge iy are in a state of great distress, Many of their famutios are in actual suflering, and their condition promises to be mytch worse’ betore the advent of winter, It seems most probable that there will be a general susp ‘of coat production throughout the anthracite re distant date, Indeed, it may be regarde certain that no coal will be mined during the months of July and Angust, and the period of idieness may be inaugurated as curly as June. Tho prospects of the coal trade are more gioomy than ever. DELAWARE AND HUDSON COMPANIES. Port Jenvis, May 5, 1876, In accordance with the agreement made at the late pr meeting of the companies representing tho coal combination the operators have stopped production in the upper coal felds, The same movomenié will be adopted by all the companies in the pool throughout the northern and middie coal fields, The Delaware and Hudson Coal Company, whose extensive works ere located in the upper districts, have reduced the wages of their laboring men ten per cont. This has occasioned much dissatisfaction, and more troutle 18 expected. For some time past the workiagmen have been holding secret con- ferences, and tbe impression prevails that they have determined upon a strike at an carly date, The least indiscretion upon the part of any one might precipitate an open rupture between the men and operators at any moment. Those who aro hae. Ge to be weil posted as 1876.—TRIPLE THE UNITED STATES. by A Comprehensive History William Cullen Bryant. A CENTENNIAL WORK.} Tracing Out the Discovery and Development of Our Country. A Porciar History or tux Uxitep States, from tho Firet Discovery of the Western Hemisphere by the Northmen to the End of the First Cen of the Union of the States, preceded by a of the Pre-historic Period and the Age of the Mound Butld- ers, By Wilham Callen Bryant and Sydney Howard Gay. Vol lL. Fully silustrated. Now York: Serib- ner, Armstrong & Co, 1876. Such is the title of one of the most mportant books ever published tn America, Of bistories of the United States there are no ond, bat there are none that have aimod at and attained the result ot the present volume. It was a happy thought of the publishers to secure Mr. Bryant to write their great history, and it will be the crowning effort of the veteran poet's life, This frst volumo has been under way for two years, and there ae * js not a hne in it that has not passed throngh Mr. ‘ant’s hands, notwtthstanding the ability of his assistant It has been the object of the authors and publishers to make this history to the United States what Knight's is to Eng- laud, and judging by tho first volumo wo should say they had made a successful beginning. No pains or expense have been spared in letterpress or’ illustra- tions, and the most careful personal research has been made in collecung new and authoritative material, Twenty-five thousand dollars ts a low estimate of the Gost of this one volume. Of the 638 pages which com- pose the volume, 222 aro illustrated. Five of these Pages aro steel plates and twelve full page, and all are made expressly for this work, The frontispiece is a line portrait ot Mr, Bryant, whieh ts a work of art, and perhapa the best effort of its famous engraver, Mr. Charles Bart, A few of the illustrations were made by the celebrated French artist, Emil Bayard, who illus- trated “India’’ so magnificently, Among tho American artists represented are Thomas storan, W. 1. Shep- pard, A. Bierstad, G. H, Boughton, J, D, Woodward, E. A. Abboy, A. R, Waud, G, G. White, Sol Kytnge, Granyille Perkins, Winslow Homer, Miss Hallock, Francia Lathrop and others comprising some of our best known landscape and figure painters, An analyti- cal and chronological index combined is une of the im- portant features of the book. The first chapter of the present volume is a statement of the modern discovery of the evidence of the existence of the pre-historic man and the present scientitic aspect of that question. The application of this evidence in the Eastern Hemisphere 18 made to the Western, the in- tention being to show that there are many reasons for about the subject say the workingmen are prepared to carry on a strike, if once inaugurated, for an indetiuite period, There are fully 25,000 men out of einploy- ment in the various districts, and, as is usual, much lawlesaness 13 result, = It was intimated in a previous dospatch that’ if the troubles were not adjusted soon at Coaldale, where a perfect reign of terror bas existed tor some time, a Tepetition of the terrible and bloody acene Abe ee he enacted there a short time since would occur, contirmation comes with intelligence that the eradoes are repeating other lawless acta James BiDonnet! has been shot at through a window and fatally wounded, sevoral buildings have been fired, und certain obnoxious partios have reeeived ‘coflin notices’’ to leave the region, under penalty of death, The evil feeling among the more desperate classes gains strength hourly, and important and starting develop- ments may be ancipated at any moment. PLYMOUTH PRAYER MEETING. Thero waa a jarger attendance (if possible) than evor at Plymouth prayer meeting last night to welcome Mr- Beecher back. Professor Calvin EB. Stowe and Mrsj Harriet Beecher Stowe were present. Protessor Stowe wa very venerable looking old geotioman, with flowing, silvery locks. After the usual services sixty-five new members wero received into the church, A son of Professor John Raymond and the youngest daughter of Ward Raymond, deacon of a Baptist church in San Francisee, were baptised by immersioa. Mr. Beecher’s table was loaded with beautiful wild flowers. Afver the preliminary exercises, Mr. Beecher gaid:—“Experience shows that vo infuence in the world is like pergonal influence, You may interest men in nature and art; you may teach them admira tion through intellectual processes, but when it comes a matter of conduct and character there ts no influence that can compare with the steady pressure of some personal friend. It may be mother or father, or some person aside irom a relative, who represents wisdom and goodness to you. It is that influence that God has sent to rear the race. Tho wholo shape and fashion of our lives is given by personal and parental influeoce, Whenever, therofore, Josus Christ is spoken of as having offered a new and I'ving way, svhatever elso ta includod this is, that a sense, not of ritual or fornr, or regularity, is now instituted, bus with this or without, ax may be, ther ‘® personal re- lationship established between the soul of man and God, aa represented by the Lord Jesus Christ. God is Ike the pure atm , the purer it is the less we fev it, and in Jesus C1 it 18 condeused and mado a on, Dot a unIversal spirit, but # distinct person, \d Jesus Christ becomes our conception of God. There two thoughts | wans to unpress, first, that we should make AN MOXORABLE GOD for ourselves in our conception of Jesus Christ Do pot be startied at my saying we make our God. We have never seen im. We havo ideas, and they form for cach one a distinct personal conception of the Lord Jesus Christ. Now, this idea of the Lord Jesus Coriet is the Lord you have chosen. You have sey Hit up in heaven and crowned Him Lord of all. Who is your Sovereign? Whatis His name? What is He like? I don’t ask in the intellectual sense, but as your per- sonal friend, how have you coustinted your com- jon; yuur elder brother; your personal inend and Move mer; your God? He is what you have put into Hnn—to you. There are natures we read of that we long to know, Sometimes We fall under tho intluence of one of them, and we say, “How easy ic would be i could have such a one, near all the time.’ Thatis what Christ akes himself to those who know how to know the Unbrist that ts io heaven, THE sOvL's CURisT. I bescech, if you don't draw I sou! anything but beauty aod yg Ukeness in your don't patany stern or = bard. or —seruel ughts ip it Muko your = Saviour —glarious with your own personal thought ana tecimg. faving dono that, the next thoug.ut is, treat him honors whieh, very few of T ha og Thada frend whore tri hip was invaiuatle and L only made @ conventence of bun-oniy went to him when 1 wanted someth and treated with indifference or contempt wien T did not—bow long would ve be my friend? Mer not the sirength to & Iricudship against such odds as how do we treat our Saviour? 1[ bave m perity and adversity, have known great griefs and great j ys, bave had great’ peace and passed through great nothing could have egy wove water, but the Of the Lord Jesus Curist, A FLOATING PALACE, The new Fronch steamship Canada, which arrived at this pert yesterday, forms an addition to the feet ol tho Compagnio Génér ‘Transatiantique. The length is 380 lect, and her breadth of beam 89 fect. She Is of about 3,500 tons gross burden, is bark riggod, bas compound’ engines of 850 horse power ond is capable of running at an average speed of thir- teen know hour, Her passenger accommodation is for 148 1p first cabin, 112 in second catun, 52 in third cabin and 346 in fourth cabin—total, 455 passengers, A new feature in this vessel is the grouping oF two cabing aud private parlor combined. She ts said by her agents to be one of the most solidiy vurit craft which ever cromed the Atlantic. In appearance she much resembles the favorite veesel of (he line, the St, Laureot Her commander, &. Frangewil, is one of the oldest and. most trusted officers of the hae, aad was formet tm charge of the Viile de Brest, piymg in the W ia trade. The cal ed the most elegant and costly fashion, Ag sea to do credit in every respect tu the French THE OLD GUARD'S BANNER. New Yors, May 4, 1876, To tux Korror of tix Hyray:— ‘The flag’ spoken of in your paper of yesterday, as coming from the ladies of Charicston, was presented to the “Old Guard,” and the only way in which the Stock Exchange are in any way identified with it is that Major McLean, who is commandant of our organi- zation, 16 President of that body, and members are also connected ten gentiomen who Febri tat or. receiv 1g ‘Sa ow yours, supposing that the primeval man had an existence on this Continent, as well as others; that the copper colored savage found here three centuries ago was not necessarily that primeval man; that the supposition that this copper colored savage, coming here compara- tively alittle while ago frum Asia, was the first race is highly improbable, The second chapter isa sort of monograph of tho mound builders and is illustrated from photographs of pecimens in the collection in the posecasion of the Wicconsin Historical Society and never before engraved. it brings together and groups tho evidence as to their work, their renwing and their character so far as there is any indication of it and pre- sents them as 8 rae with nothing im common with the North American Indians, aud tn all probability long preceding them. The two chapters are an attempt to unravel the mystery wrap; around this balf of the world till it was discovered by Columbus, and to show that it had its human interest just as much as the rost of the world, aud ig now only in the sense of being new to the outside world. The preceding chapters tell the stories of pre-Columbian times, whether true or false, but which have been and are believed in, The Colum- bian chapters show what it was that Columbus meant to find, what Jed him in bis search, and what to the day of his @eath he thought he bad discovered. His character and carcer are looked at in a new ana impor. tant light It Js also shown on new authority bow America came by ‘ts name, Tne authors have been largely assisted in their work by the discovery of some valuable old manuscripts. It is impossible to speak too highly of a work which shows on the face of it tho evidence of so much research and conscientious labor, The style in which the book is written is graphic and gracetul, and never fora moment dull. ‘n an elavorate preface dir. Bryant summarizes tho subject on which he writes and gives a valuable essay oa the events of the past century. His conclusions are in the main just and always honest. He dwells at Jength on the subject of slavery and its attendant evils, In concluding this subject he says;—‘*fhe champions ot slavery on one side—abls men and skilled in the expedients of party warfare, and in many instances unvorrupt and pure in personal character—and the champions of the slave un the other—fearloss aud ready for the martyrdom which they sometimes suifered, their faculties exalted by a sense of dauger— can now, as they and their acts pass in review belore the historian, be judged with a do of calmness belonging to a new era ot our political existence. "’ In speaking of the effects of the late civil war ho 6a i f seemed for a while as if poculation had been taken up by a large class a» a profession, so bumerous were the inetances of detection, The public vigilance was directed against every person in a pecuniary trust. Some who had never before been suspected found themecives suddenly in the custody of the law, and others, fearing that their turn might soon come, pru- dently ran away. There nover has been a time when it was #0 dangerous for a public man to make a eltp in his accounts, Investigation became the order of the day, and a considerable part of the contents of every daily paper consisted of the proceedings of committees formed for examining into the accounts of men who held pecuniary trasts. As first sight it seemed as If the world had suddenly grown worse; on a second reflec- tion it was cloar that it was growing better, A process ot purgation was going on; dishonest men were stripped ofthe power, of doing further mischief and branded with disgrace, and men of whom better hopes were entertained patia theit place, The narrative of these fniquities could not properly stop short of the punt ment which overtook the offenders, and which, wh ver lesson of their utherwise worthless lives instructive, vindicates to some extent the character of the uation at large. Tn conclusion he saya:— In writing tho history of the only great nation on the globe the beginnings of which aro fully recorded in contemporary writings, and tor whieh wu are not competicd, 48 in other cases, to grope in the darkness of tradition, the authors of this work have aaceuded to the proper sources, the ancient records tvemaeives, The narrative bas been drawn imme diately from these writings, and by them bas every statement and date of our eatly history been verified, For the later periods the materials are, of course, vol- minous and orreumstantial, even to embarrassment. We are not without the hope that those who read what we have written will see in the past, with all its vieissi- tures aud with all our own shoricomings, the promise ota prosperous and honorable fature, of concord at | has only begun to read this story of races and of elvil- vation that long since dixappeuret, leaving no other record than those relics which till recently have bees either overlooked or misunderstood, “What point in time or what degree of knowledge may be thus reached by future discoveries and deductions from them in afield ax yet Dut litte explored it would | be rash to hazard even a guess. But it is well to know | what ground there is for presuming that it is possible | to learn anything of tbat pre-historic period, And stil! more in actual history, even though its records be ob- scure and Imperiect, or only traditions reduced to writing, even though (he period of woich we can gain only such impertect imformation be, in some respects, legendary and romantic, we may, nevertheless, proditas bly aud properiy go further back than the ordinary starting pot by Sve hundred years, “Hitherto the iegitimate commencement of American bistory has been held to be toward the oud of the tif: j teenth century, and all beyond tabulons or inscrutable, But there were bold men and skiltul sailore belore Columbu oT since men sailed upon the sea or porses: luerature there have been glimpses, eome- times transient or illusory, at other times distinct, of a mysterious world in the Western Oc he subject of curious conjecture, of yague prophecy, and oftener, perhaps, than is supposed o: attempted discovery. Though there was uo permanent ocenpation and no positive recognition of th qnarter of the globe til the Columbian e1 or supposed ap- Proaches to its possession for the 400 previous years Appeal ox much to human sympathy and are as perti- » bunan progress as the mythical periods of the al uatioi Ia World, ‘om ves made without dosign and in igno- heir reat characier we are led, in the gradual progress of events and the slow advance of knowledg: to that tater time wh an was traversed with { distinet and intel! and with unbesitating faith, Weish, the Venctians—as- suming their narratives to be wholly or partially trae— while they Were certain that they had galled toto une known y lands and among strange limits of the in habite only reached the of the continent whenee th or the outlying islands came. The notions as to hape and the, extent of the earth were at that agne, even among the learued, and the art Hon Was So little developed, that (here was not much speculation as to the possibility of penetrat- ing beyond the known limits of the continent and out of the accustomed tracks of sbins, All that mariners dared to do waa to creep along the coast from headiand to headland, with a fair wind, to goto places frequently visited. © The authors are of the opinion that “Columbus, like the navigators of Prince Henry, twant to dnd a’ new routo to the Kaa, only in afresh direction; and he died in the belief, after foar voyages to the New Worid, that the countries he had reached were literally the West Indies—the coasts of Asia approacbed from ihe west. The difference between him and those who by chanee crossed tho Atlantic before him was, that he, tmpellod by a fervid religious faith and by con clusions drawn from scientific study, had boldly sought to explore the unknown on which they had otily been ignorautly driven.” THR NAMING OF AMBRICA. The new theory of how America came by its name ta of considerable’ importance, We do noi propose, say the authors, to enter into any examination of a question which Is one of circumstantial rather than positive evidence, and which probably will nevor be dednitively settled, Giving w Vespucei the benefit of the donot, there is much in the fortuitous circumstances of tho case to &xplain this naming of a newly discovered country by men who, perhaps, bad never looked upon the sea, and who may have known little, except “in a — general way, of the different expeditions of tho navigators of Spain and Portugal, and stili less of the personal interest at. tached to their fortunes and their deeds. The Duke of Lorraine was a patron of learning; the young profes. sors of tho coliege undor his protection were atnbitious of literary fame and proud of their iiterary labors, it would bring, no doubt, great credit to St, Dié, if, im = work {rom ‘its printing press, the world should be taught that these wonderful discoveries of the tea pre- years were not, as had been ignorantly aup- |, the outlying tsiands and coasts of India, but of @ new and unknown continent which separated ku. ropo {rom Asia. The conclusion, very l'kely, wag jumped a lucky guess of over couiident youth Tather t 0 wority of judgment. Had these young book makers lived in Cadiz or Lisbon, instead of the Vosges mountatns, they anight have hesitated to Pronounce upon a question which had as vet hardiy been raised, if it lad beon raised at all, among the older cosmograpbers aud navigators, They rushed tn whe: even Columbus hal not thought to tread, aud not only announced tho discovery of a now continent but proposed to name it * * * Waldseemaller (Hyjacomylus) assuming this date of 1497 40 be correct—if it was 80 given in the letter Lud declared the Duke had received fi Vos. pacci—says in his geographical work, the “Cosmo- gruphie Introductio’’:—‘Aad the tourth part of the world having been discovered by Americus may well be called Amerige, which is as much as to say the land of Americus or America.’ Again he says:—“But now these parts are more extensively explored, and, as will be seea by the following letters, another fourth hag been discovered by Americus Vespuccius, which I nea no reason why any cae should forbidte be named Ameridge, which i#as much as to say the land of Americus or America (rom its discoverer, Americus, who isa man of shrewd intellect; lor Europe and Asia bave both of them a feminine form of name from the names of women." |. Now, in 1497 Vespucct was till residing at Sevill engaged as factor of partner in @ commerce house, In May of the following year, 1498, Columbus sailed on his third voyage, and for several months previous Vespucci was oceupicd in Atting out the ships for that expedition, [tis im) sible, therefore, thas he can have gouo to-eva in Muy, 1497, to be absept eighteen montha * © * That Vespucci was the discoverer of the American Continent is, therefore, clearly untruo; although it is true that bis account of such @ continental land in the West was the one first published, and by his zealous friends at St. Did, whe attached his name to it, * * * Inthe voluminous testimony on that trial Vespucei was not harmed a8 one for whom precedence could be claimed, while Ojeda, under whom Vespucci went on his first voyage, distinctly asserts than the mainland was dis covered by Columbus, It is, nevertheless, probably true that Vespucet ex- plored along the Aterican coast in his several voyages turther than any navigator of bis tin he satied from abi the penu Bay at the north. believed, or whether the date me way 60 changed the first discover: continent, are hoine and peace and respect abroad, and that the sane choerlul pidty whieh leads the good man to put his per- sonal trust ina kind Providence will prompt the good citizen to cherish an equal confidence in regard to the dexitny reserved fur our beloved country. There ts noreacon to doubt Mr. Bryant when he saga: —"'We have endeavored to divest ourselves while jzaged 1m this task of ail local projudices and every in+ whieh might affect the ‘mpartiality of the nar- 0." or devoting a chapter to the subject of pre-historic in general (he authors say, “However strong ma} be the probability of the ic origin of the Nortl American Indians, behind th appears another race imced by that Mongolian migration. elsewhere there were races wore ancient than hos been supposed, we can 00 longer look upon the Western Hemisphere as soliiary aud aupeopled, unknown and ess to man tll he, grown old in the Ea bumerous envngh and tar enough advanced in intelligence and wants to wander e earth im search of @ new abroad upon the face of ome." whe subject of the mound builders is oue of the greatest interest not only tothe historian bat to t The authors have evidently veen more interested im their research on this sub- Jeet. We quote: North American Ind). are, as & race, in no her plane of culture (han they were 300 years ago. It they have apy iuherent capavility for pro it they could, had they rewnined isolated and u ed, have ever raised themselves above the conditions of the second age of stone im that progress was arrested when they came into § hee and @ er race, Ithas beon easy sity the Weaknesses which distivguinbed them as say. ages, by adding to these the most sensual and degrad - ing Views acquired from the whies, nad in that process of degradation has been lost wharever of stern and manly virtae 18 supposed Lo bo the compensation in the simple child of pature for the minor morals of civilized life." ‘The chapter of pre-Columbian voyages is new and in- teresting. The susbors trace the legendary history of voyages to America by the Welsh, the Norsemen aod the Chinese. “We have devoted thoee earlier chapters,” say the nathors, “to periods which, in previous historice of the United States and of America, have either had no place at ail or have been dismissed in a page or a paras graph, Should it ever be possible to penetrate the myst and = darkness swhich shrouded one- Be Sees met of o lis eteation to « thousand years questions which may never be answered, But the use they made of his name was adopted in various works within the next few years, and thus in the course of in of the whole LANDING OF THES PILGKIMA, Tho date of the landing of the pilgrims bas lo bee! a a bone of contention among historians, but it is settled very simply by the authors of this volume: December 21, New Sty Decomber 11, Old style; Jn 1769, tne “landing of the ‘Pilgrim Father first commemorated at Plymouth, and the date in New Style was erroneously made the 22d, instead of the 2ist. The error, which has been perpetuated ever since in the eclebration of the dav, arose, it has been supposed, from the addition of eleven days, instead of ten, to mark the aiflerence between Old Ls and New. The explanation is unsatisfactory, as such a blandot seems hardly likely to have occurred. The error more prowanly caine from ® mistake in punctuation, to lourt's Relation, where the statement in: “And here we made our reudezvous all that day, being Saturday, 10 of December, on the Sabbath day We rested, and on Monday we sounded the harbor,” &, There should be a period after *Saturday,’’ when it would read; “ And bere We made our rendezvous all tbat day, being Saturday. 10 of December, on the Sabbath day, we rested; and on Monday," &c, Saturaay was certainly the 9th, not the 10th, but when, in 1769, nm Plymouth, they turned to Mourt’s Aelation, to x the date of thie jucident, and read the record with its erroneous pune tuation, they of course calied Monday the 12th, and, adding ten days Jor difference of styles, made “ Fore fathers’ Day’ the 224, AM OLD TREE. Opposite page 496 is the portrait of the famous mul- berry tree, which 18 to Marylaud what the Charter Oak js to Counecticat, Mr. Morau has done bis best te make a faithful portrait of the old rehe, and bas sue ceeded, ‘The treo stands at the blu at St. Marys, “On the highest part o! the bluf stood a mulber tree, large enough even then to throw a broad sade about it, and to ve visibie for a long distance up and down the river. For more than two handred yoarg aiterward 1ts mass of loliage suil crowned the promon> tory, and its decayea and blackened trunk, lying where it fell buta few years ago, yet marks the piace ot -ite growth, but nearer to the edge of the bank than It was when the settiors first stood around it, for tho river has changed and reduced the eanay cape. Under this trove, according to woll-authonticuted tradition, Looaard Calvert made a treaty with the Indians of the vi For a certain payment in cloth, tools and trinkets tribe of Yaocomico consented that the strangers should share their town with them through the harvest, then should purchase al! the’ site, while the castly- contented savages removed their dwelling elsewhere,’ VALUABLE MAR, For many years the MS. records of which Boxman and others writing in my heed a 4 hin wider access, have n December, 1876, a box of old papers, supposed to worthless, was to bo sold from the record office at An. napoli, When, on a carcful examimation of ite a portion of the MS. covering a consid subsequent to Calvert's death was di almost compicte state of preservation. Without closing any vew facts of moment, it tho correctness of Boztmat's transcripts, In the text a fro-sitnile ts given of a part of the page bearing Bretton's recurd of Calvert's deathbed Green, It rans as follows :— Whereas by Commission from yq Rt. Honble Ceett, 14. Propr of ye Province of Mary Land w ye or Leonard Caluart Esqre. bearing date br 16H att his Lps (Lordship's} Foreact au ye sd Province Hee ye ad Leou, oir? eee in case hee should bappen to dye, of be absent time to time, out of ye ed Province nominate elect such an able person inhabiting & Fo rheg Province (a8 he on his discretion make choice of, & thinke fitty to be Governor Provinces. ‘These are therefore to pablish & all those whom It may concerne ra ¢ ad Leon, did by word of mouth on the Nig ‘dy of June 16467) jog uppon his death bed, yout im perfoet ate & appotnt Thomas Greene Exqr one ot ye of this Vrovincs, to be Governor ot ye same, all ye same authority & power ot ast as he yeaa Calvert was authorized by lis Commian to uppon him. As by ye oaths of Mre ry nt, Francis Ankesiil & Jamos Linsey then present wth him att ye same time) ts be true, Teste mo Willm Bretton, Clk, le, waa E ii of this work will fob are Jove hinge ing hae as tay reat Bn ete acl ae el a e june us petient for those whued are yer Wo follow, ‘ Re