The New York Herald Newspaper, December 27, 1875, Page 6

THE DEUTSCHLAND | A Special Herald Visit to the Wreck of the German Steamship. einai Terrible Sights in All Parts of the Unfortunate Vessel. How the Sisters of Charity | Met Their Fate. The Coroner’s Investigation an Official Farce. Hagwicn, Dec. 10, 1875, It ts with the greatest difficulty that 1 obtain suffi- eiont control over my nerves to write you an intelligible | account of my visit to the wreck of the Deutschland The steamtog Liverpool, which took us there, is now blowing off steam at the pier bead and unloading her ghastly cargo, adding six more to the twelve present Anbabitants of the little deadhouse, It was never con- templated to people it so densely! 4 VISIT TO THE WRECK. The third visit of the tug to the ill-fated steamer was mado on Thursday, December 9, and by the cour tesy of the agent of the owners | was permitted to ac company the party, which consisted of Mr. Morisse, third officer of the Deutschland; Mr. Uymark, the del- egate of the German Consu! at this port, aud Mr. Watts, | the owner of the tug. The Captain and crew—seven all told—were as fine men as ever navigated the ins and | outs of this treacherous coast, At nine A. M. we started, having in towan outward bound bark, Itehould | here be stated that Mr, Watts, the owner of the tug, has undertaken these trips to Wie wreck entirely on his own account and without remuneration, He brought off the survivors on Tu and bas recovered up to this time eighteen bodies, twelve on Wednesday and six yesterday. THREADING THE SAND BANKS. It was a beautiful fresh morning, and we steamed out of the harbor on our errand, congratulating our- selves on the favorable weather. Had the wind been high we should not have gone out, as the wreck is very difficu)t of approach in s heavy sea To my sur- prise 1 bad only one companion in my own line of business—a gentleman bound on a eketching expedi- tion for the ZWiustrated London News. For twenty miles we held a southeasterly course, threading our way | ‘among the channels between the numerous shoals and sand banks which make the harbor of Harwich so diffi, cult of access, Clear of the harbor we passed in turo the buoys which mark the position of three long and dangerous shoals known as the Guuflect, the Great Burk aod the Long Sand, threo vast submerged ram- parts, in fact, lying of the coast of Essex. The interest of our excursion commenced immedi- | ately we passed the Long Sand Spit, for we then | shanged our course to the southweet and beaded straight for the outlying rampart, TOE VATAL KENTISH ENOCK, six miles distant. All of us now gathered in the bows of the tug, and eyes were strained to catch the FIRST GLIMPSE OF THE WRECK. “Yonder she hes, sir!” exclaimed suddenly one of | the crew,’ a man with telescopes for eyes, ‘yonder ander (hat dark cloud !"" | Following the line of bis outstretched finger we could jast make out through the morning haze that the long fray horizon was broken by something. A few more turns of the paddle-wheels revealed to us the two masts, yards and funnel of a large steamer upright againet the sky. “And I’m blowed if there ain’ta whole fleet of smacks around her,” said the skipper, as he gazed through his glass from the bridge. “More’n a dozen of the rascals !"’ Yes, sure enough, they were lying off the wreck, head to wind, cutiers, schoovers and luggers, like a | flock of vultures hovering around their prey. Now we are near enough to see the eteamer’s bull, | tying on an even keel, her stern ruised high, her head flown. It is low water, but the waves are washing \gainst the breast and neck of the SMILING FIGURELBAD OF THE DEUTSCHLAND | which adorns the prow of the vessel How noble ehe | tooks, even in her desolation, this great ship of 2,900 tons, ber vast iron bull stretched motionless fora hun. | @red yards and more upon the fatal shoal Swarming over her, from stem to stern, we now clearly sce the forms of men running to and {ro and apparently throw. img packages overboard Steaming up io leeward, to the very edge of tne shoal, we LET GO OUR ANCHOR within a hundred yards of the wreck, and now see a Jong line of small boats made fast to the ship, It is into these that the parcels are being thrown. The Deutschland is IN THE BANDS OF TEE WRECKERS. Our boat is promptly lowered; we greenhorns scramble down in unsailorlike fashion, In a moment we are alongside and over the battered rails. THE SCENE | which met our view quite defies description; no words could give even a faint idenot it, The whole deck was bigh and dry, and as we boarded her at the bows the whole extent of the vesse) lay before us. 1 walked slowly aft, up the incline, from Ogurehead to taffrail, on the port, and back aguin to the buws on the starboard side, receiving, in so doing, many an evil look from the gangs of planderers who did not for a moment relin- quis their work after our arrival, But they did not like the note book. Forward of the foremast the most Conspicuous object om deck was a rusty cannon, point. tng its plugged muzzle to the eky. I had questioned Several of the survivors why they did not fire guns as well as rockets on Monday, and they bad told me that the cannon was out of order and could mot be used. Here it was, with its stopped mouth and filled up vent hole, confirming the statement, Close against the gun lay abird cage, a clock, with the hands at twenty minutes past three, masses of chain cable, and a vast Leap of débris brought ‘up by the wreckers from the foretold. One of the massive davite ou the por. bow was carried away ag cleanly as though cut through; those on the opposite Bide were landing. TEE POREMAST, with all ite rigging, was perfect, and the third officer Pointed out to me the spot on the foreyard to which he Gung on that terrivie night and from which he beheld the paymaster, who was in the shrouds below, fall frozen and exhausted into the raging sea, The foretop- gallantai) wae sti!) in its place, clewed up. Continuing amy walk I came to the funnel, but here stopped short, for right across my path, from side wo side of the ship, | the planking of the deck was heaved op intoa ricge and split into great cracks which told the tale of a “broken | back” and of approuching dissolution. ‘The funnel and | its stays were firm and taut, however, and, were it | not for the rent in this part of the ship, might stand for @ long time. SrancT tour POR THE DEAD, Continuing r f exploration abaft the funnel I arrived with reluctance at the edge of the shaft, for euch is looked, now that the grating and skylight were gone. I say with reluctance, for an inquiry I made of one of the wreckers immediately boarding the Steamer was answered with a jerk of the thumb toward the after part of the ehip, and the remark, “Thera be vome dead uns aft.” I looked over the age. \ will be along time before I can forget THE HORROR OF THAT DREADFUL Prt. ‘The water, thickly covered with the grease and filth of the machinery, was about ten feet below the level of the deck where I stood. Floating in {t, face down- ward, were three dena men, the backs of the heads and shoulders of two of them and the whole half naked body of the third visible. Al! were swollen to a horrible size, Farther aff was a third corpse much smaller, Th was a woman. It is nots picture to dwell upon, and I burried away down the cowpanion of the main saloon. | on Arrived at the bottom a ecene burst upon me | gach ae I have read about often, but never | seep. From end to end the saloon was waist deep in | wreckage. The furniture was smashed into fragmenta, panels broken in,cushiona, crockery, glass, tragmente | Of he saloon rackss and débris of all kinds littered the | Moor, The swbien were still Axed Upom them and | “tne. | Voais and emacks they could see, after vainly rem | got op into the hind mas | tu NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1875.-WITH SUPPLEMENT. 1 could adequately convey to you the extremely intel- ligent and effective manner in whieb be told 1 Wis STORY, I was a Grst class passenger on the Deutschland, and was going back to my home tn Cleveland, where my parants live, I went to bed early on Sunday night, not feeling very well. All Sunday the weather was very bad—thick and with heavy squalis of snow. On Monday morning, the 6th, between five and six o'clock, 1 fet the ship @r-t-r-anch oo the ground and then lurch heavily over on to her side and back agait. I threw on some clothes and went on deck. We were stuck fast, There was not much confusion. The crew were getting the boats ready, I saw one boat swept away. There was @ man in it, with ap axe, cuiting at the lowering gear, All Monday we worked ai the pumps, passengers and crew together; but, of course, without any effect, for the ship was driven deep nio the ground. Some of the cargo was thrown overboard out of the forehold; most of it was wine and, I wh grain, Several of the younger men of the crew vere over the wreck-strewn floor were scattered packages and tropks, THR WHECKERS AT WORK. ‘The saloon resounded with the crash of axes and the shouts and curses of men, At the moment of my en- trance at least thirty wreekers were frantically engaged in pillage and plunder, They had cut square holes | Vhrough the thick floor of the saloon into the under deck, The water stood within a few inches of the floor. Into these holes the men were thrusting long Doathooks and dragging the floating trunks to the apertores, “Strange fishing this, I said to one of the anglers. “Ah! you're right; ond we get some strange fish on the hook now and then,” was the roply, the meaning of which was horribly evident As the trunks rose tbrough the holes they were seed, | hoisted out and the lids smashed of with the axe | Then, in less time than it takes to write it, a dozen eager bands snatched out the contents, All clothing was flung up through the shattered skylight to the gang on deck, and by them cast over tho side into the boats, It was some of the cases of wine, Most of those men must have been drowned, I should say, and served them right, too. he captain never left the brhige allthatday, The pas fengers of wll classes, after the first rush on deck, gath- ered in the main saloon ; and, after the fright on striking had abated, we were calm and very orderly. Beyond the A PITROUS siGnT fact that we were immovably fast in the ground we to witness the ransacking of these trunks. Clothes, boots, articles of toilet, books, letters, music, chil- dren’s shoes, cigars, photographs—in sbort, the hun- dred articles which may be imagined as composing the effects of thrifty people leaving their native country for another home, Whatever was of value was passed up, the rest flung aside among the litter and trampled under footw It was a scene for an artist's pencil rather than @ reporter's peo—this long, wreck-sirewn room, thronged with these huge men in their sou’westers and seaboots, shouting, swearing, smashing, Many of them were drunk; for the moment a bottle of wine or spirits was found the neck was knocked off and the contents greedily swallowed. I noticed many bottles Of choice Wine arranged on the deck destined for the cellars of these gentiemen, two-thirds of whom will no doubt be found drunk for days together, THE FASCINATION O¥ THI8 SCBNB in the saloon was irresistible, and I stood watching it for hours together !n silent wonder, My comrade of the Juustrated London News, who had gone down with mo, discouraged at Orst by the immensity of detail in the picture, soon settled down to his sketch-book. ‘Accompanied by a gentleman of Harwich, who was of our party, now made the tour of the staterooms lead- ing into the main saloon, but as there were ouly three changed our minds on this point as the day drew on and we were still helpless on the sandbank. All day Jong we had been confident that assistance would come THE STEWARDESS dehaved splendidly; serving out soup and provisions to the female passengers, and circulating among therm, soothing their fears, Laie-preservers were given io us; and I heard one old man laughingly ask Mr. Julius Groesman, whose body you brought of yesterday in the tug, what he had strapped a Jot of books round b'm for, He thought the squares of cork were books! SEVERAL SILIPS PASSED US during the day, close enough for us to see the people on board with our glasses. I think they must have seen we were in distress; for, to say pothing of the po- sition of the ship, we bad a large flag at hall-mast. Not one of them, however, came to us or made any signal. We were full of water forward, and some of us part of the ship; our doipg 80 was noticed und seemed to make some of the people more nervous, Night came on and the tide was rising around and inside the steamer. 1 saw eome of the stewards and crew tying ropes round themselves and tucking in the ends, {, too, looked about for a rope to do the samo. There whs @ steerage man sitting On the saloon stairs; he bad tied | first class passengers on the Deutschland, ail gentlemen, | up bis bedding which he thought he could eave, I asked we did not see anything bat empty berths and rooms | bim for a piece of the rope, but he refused, so 1 wi (those oceupted by the three passengers having, of | ped out my kutfe and cut @ piece away, which J tied round me as the others had done, THAT PIECE OF ROPE SAVED MY LIFF, as you will sce presently, At about one o'clock on Tuesday morning the Doctor came into the xaioon and shouted, “When the water rises all the men must get on the rigging, and the women on the tables or the afters of the skylights.” Soon afterward the head steward came down and called out, “All on deck!” Most of us went out, but some persisted in remaining BURRIKD BACK TO THE DECK jn the cabins and main saloon, among them the five where I found the third officer in a happy frame of | nung The stewardess at last induced the Sisters to mind, forhe had recovered big spy glass! Walking | come up to the entrauce of the companioa, but she was back toward the bows I met one of the crew of the tug | herself struck by a sea at this moment and swept who reported the discovery of two more bodies, both | across the deck and back again, men, one floating in the fore hold, the otber—I shudder | ‘The nuns fled back terrified into the saloon. ae | relate it—head irst down one of the iron venula. The stewardess’ clutched the grating of one of the tors round the funvel ; his booted legs couid be plainly | skylights, and when the water had run off the deck seen far down sticking oul trom the water, The shait | got on tothe seat and drew the tarpaulin over her, of the ventilator was but just large enough to admit the | She remaimed so, clinging to the gratimg and covered body of aman, How this unfortunate wretch came to | by the tarpaulin, all the night. be there it is impossible to say. We could not recover ONE OV THE NUNS, his body ; the engineer of the tug let down a rope and | avery large woman, with a voice ike a man’s, got half course, been ransacked by our busy friends, the bucca- neers), Until we came to one far ait, on the port side, where we found something we did not expect. My com: panion had pushed open the door and stepped into the | stateroom, when he sudden!y jumped back with an ex- | clamauion of horrcr, He hud stepped upon the back of | a woman lying, face down, along the ficor, completely dressed. ‘She had, no doubt, been drowned in the | saloon and washed into this stateroom I now caught one of the protruding legs ina slip noose, The | way up through the skylightand kept sbricking in a rope broke, 1 never kept a brandy flask so jong at my | dread{ul way, ‘Mein Gott! mack es schnell mit wns! lips before, | Ack Christ! mach es schnell mit uns—Give us our death MELANCHOLY EMPLOYMENT. It may be asked what the officiais and the crew of the tug were domg all this time? Well, the crew were saving what libtie they could as salvage from tne hands quickly 1”? ALL FIVE WERE DROWNED | in the saloon, and the stewardess told me that from | her place ou'the seat of the skylight when she looked of the marauders, The third officer of the Deutsch. | down she could eee their bodies washing about There land, and Mr, Wymark, took down the names of the | was 4 lady on board, n= MRS, FUNDLING, OF NEW YORK, with two children, one called Theodor, I’ heard a gen- tleman say to her, when we were ordered up, ‘ive me your child, 1 will save it.”” Mrs. Fundling eried, “No, nol” and hugged the child closer to her breast. Mother and child were both drowned in the saloon, A GRIM JOKE, T remember, too, that I had brought two rabbits on bourd as provisions, and that before we went on deck a gteward who was Dear me said;—"Well, how will it go | with us?” “It is all over.with us,” I replied. ‘Yes,”” | eaid he, “I do not think you will eat your rabbits ;” to hich I answered, “Wheu Ido I shall not care for the Weil, we now all took TO THE RIGGING. THE SMACKS NOW ALL MADE OFF, I got the time by the saloon clock; it wes two tn the their crews, no doubt, chuckling over our discomfiture, | morning. 1 climbed into the starboard suroucs be- There must have been at least fifty men ou board the | tween two outer stays, where the ratlines are on. steamer from time to wme during the day. We were | wide intervals. I lashed myself to the rigging. Above ten, all told, No doubt, much of their plunder from | me was Mr. Tiedemann, and my head came between his the derelict vessel cannot be recovered, but as the | fect, which were resting on a shawl, The tide was now bames of some of their boats were taken, probably | high, and at times the whole deck, fore and aft, wis of it will be brought in as salvage, It is scarcely | white with the lashing foun. Tsawa g swept able that much booty of value was taken from the | about the deck in @ sitting posture, He was not mak- strasing with the owners. It was now getting late; the sun was sinking, the tide rising. Allo! us gladly pre pared to quit the wreck. Our last hour on board was devoted to RAISING THE DEAD RODIES TO THE DECK and transterring them to the tug. This was accom- plished only after much unseemly haggling with some of the smack men. Finally we induced a few of them vo assist our own crew in what they called ‘+a job that didn't pay,” and the ghastly business was done. The first body got out of the engine room was recognized by the third officer ag that of Mr. Groseman, the missing first class passenger. All were bruised and distigured, after death, no doubt, by washing about among the | wreckage in the ship. alti”? sgnge of the passengers, the great majority of whom | ing any apparent effort to save nimself; perhaps he Were ib the steerage, I could not detect any stealthy | was dead already. He wentoverboard. I saw two little pocketing going on, but J am free to confess thai I did | children washing ab sume way. The night ot watch Very closely, It was not my business, and, | was very dark. hiship, three miles off, imureover, I did not care to have an axe thrown at my | making Signals, and once some one called out fror I looked over my shoal head or to be pitched overboard. Besides, if a vessel is derelict at sea and there if no authorized person in charge of her, she and everything in her is at the mercy of any one who chooses to go un board, So our rough THE COLD WAS PEARPUL. aud Teady buccaneers had as much right on the | J was completely dressed, with my overcoat on, even Deutschland as we had. Tbe cargo itself neither they | gloves, and these several times froze fast to the stays. nor we could get at without divers. fsumtered great pain in wy feet, and you see two of my DARKNESS | fingers are still swollen. "1 wrapped my bead in the bad now set inand the water was fast rising within | folds ofthe shawl Several times curing the night L and around the wreck; the last smack was hoisting her | Jost my senses—swooned, Uppo: but te rope kept headsaile as our anchor came up. Wind and sea were | me from falling backward into the sea During my rising and the breakers were sweeping over the figure- | conscious moments 1 kept thinking what I should do head as we steamed away with our sad freight; nothing | when the ship broke up beneath us. It occurred to me could exceed the vast and dreary desolation of the | that the shortest way to die would be to let myself scene. For afew moments we saw the masts and the | drop head Urst on the deck. I remember, too, being iu great black fannel, tall aud gauni, agaimst the lurid sky | constant dread of the yards tailing and sweeping us of and Wen, almost suddenly, we night fell and blowed | the rigging. So the night passed and the Deutschland from our sigot. | MOKNING CAME. | The tide was low now and the decks clear, We all | came down at about eight o’clock and were in good spirits at our preservation. Joon to fetch my valise. I wish I had not, The sight was fearfal Everything was covered with the oi] and | grease from the engine room. THE FIVE NUNS AND OTHER DEAD BODIES were lying about the floor. rigging. “Look behind !? and saw Bengal lights. answering the tightsbip. ‘MK. ADOLPA BERMANN’S NARRATIVE, Mr. Adolph Hermann, of Cincinnati, turnishes the following interesting story :— ‘As sooh as the tide Fose, the foremast sails were Set, in the hope that the ship might get off, and part of the cargo, consisting of wiue, indigo, &c., was thrown overboard. These efforts, however, proving unavailing, we were ordered, about daylight, ‘to go w the pumps, | at which we tok our turns, put our | washed imto my stateroom and her arm was combined exertion# were not sufficient to get her across | across my valise. 1 called to the sailor who had o the sand bank, although ste got somewhat easier und | to get it, “Never mind; don’t touch it,” but he pulled did not bamp quite so much. ur hopes were raised by the sight of a steamer and 4 sailing ship in the dis- tance, but after watcbing them for a short time our hearts sank as they passed beyond the reach of our gaze. We could not fire our cannon, it having become Tusty; moreover, we bad uo powder. At two P. M. the tide again rose, abd for three or four hours each one thought continually that the ship was certainly going to pieces, We were thus alternating between hope and fear, frst expecting every moment certam destruction tnd then experiencing a momentary relief until about itout. SEVERAL FISHING SMACKS, not come very near, Soon, however, we saw a steamer ‘oing to the lightship and then making straight for us, {Ciwus the Liverpuol (tug), of Harwich. She seat off her boat, which made three trips with the women and children and then came alongside for the rest of us I ain going on from Southampton und my tather will see him two A. M., on Tuesday, when several officers came into | NARRATIVE OF BEREND MORISSE, THIRD OFFICER, n to order the tnen into the rigging, and advis- | Monday night very thick, with snow and easterly e ladies to remain in the cabins and mount the | wind, with a high sea In the morning, about balf-past tables when the tide should again rise. Several | five, we struck the ground. 1 had ‘torned jn at jour women, however, were taken by «heir husbands to the o'clock and felt the ship bump. 1 jumped up and put top of the skylight over the main saloon stwirs, while | on my clothes. The shipcarpenter, Diedrich He MISS ANNIE PETZOLD, came to me and told me we were aground. All ha the young lady who was committed ‘to my charge in went up on deck and got the boats ready to launch, Bremen, courageously climbed into the rigging, with | Tremuitz, the fourth officer, launched boat No, 1— my assistance, first climbing through the raftors and | three men with him, one @ passenger and ob to the skylight She did not lose heart during the | the other two seamen. This boat was launched without orders from the captain. It bas not been heard of since. instructions by August Bock, quartermaster; with him were two men. I went to boate Nos, 5 and 7, on the lee side, and got them, ready. The whole of the six boats were washea overboard on Monday uight, but we water and was seen bo Mm ithough a gallant effort, x had a chance to launch any of them, the sea run- to arrest bis fall was by one of the stewards. | ning so high. Dart pur ascent through the rafters Miss Petzold was At eleven o'clock that night the tide came up, Oiling nearly choked. She cheerily held to the rigging and to the sip, and we all took to the rigging, myself, never yielding to the de ch paralyzed THE BREAKERS the efforts and caused the death of so many other un- | were rolling over the deck. I goton to the forerail whole of that awful night, althoagh subjected to perils under which ordinary women would bave given up all ope While I held her by was above ua, lost his Peizoid, revounded tro the paymaster, who , and, falling against Miss f shoulder into the dark the wi fe fortunate Jadies. While aloft an unknown person | yard, and there I stayed till daylight on Tuesday morn- handed me a flask of whiskey; not being able to draw | ing | There were many with me on the yard, Captwuin the cork with my teeth, I broke the neck againsta | Brackstein among them, und the foremast rigging was crowded, especially on the starboard side. There were no ladies in the fore rigging. AT LOW TIDE on Tuesday morning the deck was clear, except for- ward, the sbip bemg down by the bead. I waited for a | chance and then ran aft. All the passengers aud crew | came aft and were counted, Bread and cheese was dis- tributed among them, The water stood higher than she tables in the main saloon. 1 looked down tbe sky- spar, and having revived Miss Petzold with a draught, I tock one myself, and passed the bottle to the nearest maa. Dr. Petzold, of Filty-third street, New York, is to be congratulated upon his daughter. In my optn! she isthe bravest girl of the century. Many of the other women stayed in the saloon and were DROWNED BY A SUDDEN DELUGE OF WAVES. Among them were five German Sisters of Charity who franticaliy supplicated the Virgin, but never exerted themselves. One fell into a despairing apathy and ex- | light and saw some bodies washing about, one that of a claimed :—“Woll, it is useless to resist God's decree; 1 lady. will not do anything | THE TVG LIVERPOOL ‘Another, with body half way through the skylight, | hove insight at nme A. M., and went to the lightship, cried im starting tones, “God, let us die! Make it | three miles off, and then came to the wreck. The tug quick!” sent off « boat nnd the ladies were first taken on board; MR RDWARD erAMM the tug then ran alongside and took the reat of us off, himself by one hand | NARRATIVE OF CATIAWINE MULLER, OF HESKE DARgs TADT. t and his litte child by the other. | ONE LADY WAS WASHED ovrRnOARD, I was going to asituation in New York as second clutching in ber death grip @ fine litte boy whom she | cabin passenger jn the Deutschland, but! shall not go would uot quit, thereby rendering useless au effort on now, At of the catastrophe I was in te which was made for his rescue, second cabin and I rushed up with the crowd. We BUICIDR, | were ordered down into the main saloon and remained there all day tevening the Water drove us out of the bed up on to the rigging; 4 man It was my sad lot to witness the suicide of a sailor who cut hi veins with a penknife and bied to death, Joon a preferring seif-destrucuon to a grave in the cold, dark | helped me up. were three other women close to ovea ¢;, one of them had two brothers in the ship. Dar. Talso noticed In one of the cabins, after the water ing’the night #l from the rigging, I saw her bold had subsided, the body of a woman hanging from a wae failing, and just before ehe let go 1 heard hor cry. ratter, The strange decrees of fate were illustrates (un “Brother, brother | am gone!” It waa impossible to the case of a tan who, when aboat to shoot himself, | suye her. was diasuaded by a lady paseenger, who exborted him THE MAST WAS CROWDED WITH WOMEN. to be brave und not die a coward’s death, The same man who Lelped me to get up held me fast In lees than five minutes sbe was herself swept over on the rigging when the seas camo, and prevented my the deck and perished. be ‘onned away. My dress was torn away, and ‘A Swiss, who bad told me he had lived sixteen years | w the tug came to take us away I had # fag wrap- in China, was hurled from hie place in the rigging as {round me. soon ag he bad arrived there; anda boy, forcea against the rail, had his leg torn off while extricating himself. | THE CORONER'S INQUERTS, Two inquests have been held in Harwich upon the ] also saw one man’s bead completely severed from his | bodies rec d from the wreck of the Deutschland, body. ‘These inquests, which had rather the eharacter of an Three or four men, after being washed about from | inquisition than a calm investigation, bave not revealed end of the vessel to the other, were ually swept over, | any facis throwing a clear hgbt on the cause of thedis I think Lhave narrated enough horrors, and must | aster, In fact, from a careful reading of the proceed conclude my story, but not without again paying a | ings the Coroner, who corrected hw jurymen for pre- tribuu of admiration to the lady who cheered by her | moments which we spent to- | about the porition of the slip when she struck, and the ng that nightof death, Ag | twelve wise men of Harwich, styled jurymen, seemed asl live I shail remember with pride and grati- | to be determined to bully the captain rather than care- » my fair companion in danger, Migs Annie Petzold. | fully hear his statement, doubtless feeling that he MARKATIVE OV MR. W. LRICK, OF CLEVELAND, O10. | bt just as well bave struck bie ship on some other Mr. Leick is quite @ young man, but he bas a very | part of the coast and not have opened the eyes of Eng- cool and wise bead on Kis shoulders, He bas become | Jand and the world to their litte miserable town and a celebrity among the survivors, and, although he bas , the selfish and criminal cowardice of its inhabitants, had to teil the story of bis experience during those They seem to have Leen successful in one thing—that dreadful hours over and over again, until, as he saya, | is, in making the people of England, the Times for in- he is sick of the very mention of the wreck, be kindly | stance, beleve that the people of Harwich first saw consented to repeat the narrative one@ more to mo. | THE WIGNALS OF DISTRESH mye Hb lp bie own WOrds ge nearly as pogeiblg, } wis | Fongated to them by the lightsbip at six o’clock om suming to think that a jot should know any\uing were apparently in no imminent danger yet; but we | went and closed the doors communicating with that | I suppose at was some vessel | I went down into the sa | One of the nuns had been | wreckers, 1 suppose, were hovering about us, but did meet me in New York. You're right, 1 shall be glad to | drunk afterward, and I heard it was irom breaking open | washed overboard; it wi | jury. | laboriously endeavoring to explain the position of | answered from Harwich, nearly all on board Monday evening. They have succeeded in making the people of England believe @ He It is true that they, the people of Harwich, saw these for the tirét time at six o'clock on Mons bat they bad Deen informed early in the by Soastguard- men that there was a wreck 01 The nehers: say that if they had bad a lifeboat they wor put out to sea; ibey bad three steamtugs ugs that are often in rough seas, The only thing the; e and the feelings of humanity. ip the harbor, Ei Even the correspond admits this. “The jury,” be says, “ baving viewed the remains returned vo the inquest room, where the proceedings were opened under the presidency of Mr. Codd, the county Coroner for Essex. There were present, among others, Mr, Williams, the North Ger- roan Consul, and Mr. Wallis, of the firm of Keller & Co., English agents for the North German Lloyd’s Later in the sitting, when matiers showed @ ten- dency (subsequently amply fulfilled) to re- solve themselves into chaos, Mr. Wallis left the room and brought back Mr, Chapman, Town Clerk of Harwich, whom he bad instructed. The steward, Lukermann, who was the first witness, was not able to speak English, and Dr, Christian, of Ipswich, was en- listed as interpreter, The Coroner commenced to ex- amine him on various pointe connected with the man- agement of the engines and ship, and after groping along for some time, and getting no information on these matters from the bewildered witness, it was sug- gested that perhaps the captain had better be called, CAPTAIN BRUECKENSTRIN was accordingly sworn. He gave his evidence in Eng- lish, and with an evident desire to state without re- serve the facts of the disaster, But, unfortunately, there was no one in authority capable of examming him. The Coroner repeatedly declaring bis own in- ability, half adozen jurymen attacked the witness in chorus, each getting in a question a8 an opening presented jtself, the consequence naturally being a scene of hopeless confusion, The Coroner stumbled over the initial difficulty of the difference be- tween heaving the log and taking soundings, Next he protested that never in his life had he heard of a screw breaking, and finally bavn leclared that a pilot was not likely to know anything of the position of asbip, an allegation which called forth a storm of correction from the jury, he collapsed, and thenceforw: with occasional entreaties from the Coroner to let bite un derstand this, the captain was left in the hands of the For two hours he sat on his chair patiently and aflairs, but he did not add mane to the information already given in the stateinént first made by him, QUESTIONS OF THE JURY, : By the Jury—Ir a lifeboat had been sentout to us from Harwich with the tugboat, after our signals iid ight have been saved. A Juryman (Mr. Basham)—We have no lifeboat at Harwich; we want one badly, Witness continued—One of the boats was cast off or was dashed away by the sea soon after we struck; three others were stove in; no help came to us from the time we struck, at five A. M. on Monday, till ten A. M. on Tuesday; as soon as the vessel struck she broached to and was left broadside on in the trough of the sea; it is possible that several people were at that time a clear day on Monday, though the sea was high; there were vessels passin; | aud we made such signals as we could with pistols an | } | eight feo Boat No. 3 was also launched without | otherwise, but none of the passing vessels answered us; on Monday night we sent up rockets again, but receives no help, A Juryman—The signals were seen and answered from Harwich, Many seamen would have been ready to go out and give help, but the weather being so bad they did not feel that they ought to endanger their lives in the absence of a lifeboat, As it is, the lives of many of these poor people have been lost through the want of a lifeboat at Harwich. Another Juryman—The want of a lifeboat has often been felt here, Witness—It was the Liverpool tugboat, of Farwic! which came to our help, and it took off 188 people, who were then left alive; at that time the passengers were able to go below; about nine A. M. on Monday we hove cargo overboard trom the fore end of the ship to try to lighten the ship, and were at that work till | Monday afternoon at five o'clock; we had previously ect the foresail to try to force hor through the breakers; afterward, when we got on the top of the sand, we let go both anchors; the ship, after striking, wi retty high above water; the people were fe enough at first; some were on deck, some were below, and were tolerably comfortable, thongh at times a wave would break over fore and aft; all that day the sea was heavy and the wind strong; about two A. M. on Tuesday I ordered the passengers on deck, and the aft cabin filled with water about an hour afterward; that was when the tide rose; all came up; most of the people got up the rigging, but fell off, chiefly from cold and exposure, and some of the odies were carried through tue broken glass of the skylights into the cabin, By the Jury—I did not expect to make the Gallopper ‘and till half-past six, whereas the'ship struck on the sand atabout fifteen minutes past five; we were, there- fore, & long way out of our reckoning; we only had an ordinary log, not the patent log. ‘The Foreman—If you ad had a patent log on board, would you not have been able to check off your course, mee have saved the ship ? Witness—i do not think 80; the lead was cast threo or four times !n the last hour, and we found the ship in | water each time; I therefore thought myself jus- | deep tilled in going at half speed; the weather was so thick that we could not see the light on the Kentish Knock; 1 was on deck when the vessel struck, and had been | thero all night; we had au Bngliah pilot Mr Harvey, 1, board, but he bad not charge of the ship; be woul nly take charge when we made ‘Nab, and would then take us.into Southampt bridge at the time we struck, but gave no directions all d-rections were given by me; after daylight on Mon- day we did not fire any guns of distress; our powder got wet, and we could not fre, KING, THE MATE OF THE STEAMTUG LIVERPOOL, was examined, He said:—Our captain first heard of the rockets on Monday night from the coastguard; I be- lieve he was at the coastguard station when the rockets were fired; the stern of the ship at low water is bow bove water; at high tide it is covered, I believe, though we have not seen it at high water; the Deutschland is now broken in halves, A Juryman—It appears that rockets were fired from the Deutechland directly after she struck on Monday morning, and wonder been expressed that help was not given more quickly; when did you first see the signals of distress ? Witness—Not till Monday evening, about six o'clock, Another Juryman—Most of us have read the articie in the Times, in which severe reflections are cast for the want of speedier help; the witness seems to think that | a lifeboat would have enabled them to go out sooner, A Juryman—I cannot help thinking that the lifeboat ‘was an alterthought by the people on board the tug. The tug must have left Harwich in much worse weathe Witness—It is all very weil for landsmen to talk; I wish they had been there when we were there, Mr. Deutechland)—My cliente do not throw any imputation ‘on anybody in Harwich for not going out before. The Foreman—Had the wind abated when you left the harbor on Tuesday morning? Witness—It blew heavily, bat perhaps there was not quite so much wind; there was a heavy sea The Foreman—Do you not think that, with the as sistance of a good lifevoat, many lives might have been saved? £ ay, 7 would have started long be- boat? \~But y fore if you had had a good The Foreman—The captain of the Deutschland said the loss of life occurred avout four o'clock on Tues day morning. If yod bad becn there before that time you might have saved those lives. Were you and the crew willing to go out to Harwich on Monday night if your captain had given orders to | that effect ? Witness—Yes; but when the captain started he started at a prudent time. The Coroner—I had no idea there was no lifeboat at Harwich, Sui it requires a lifeboat as much as any place along the coast. A Joryman—We bad a lifeboat forty years ago, but year after year it was never called out or used. ‘Auother Juryman—Yes, but then there was no eteamtug here, A lifeboat 18 of no use here without asteamtug to take it out of the harbor; but now there are better facilities for launching a liteboat here than at almost any other place on the coast, Decause it may be Inunched in the harbor, whereas | at other places it must be iaunched directly into the sea. Witness—If it had not been for the captain of the Liverpool and bis perseverance and energy far more lives would have been lost. , The jury expressed an opinion that the greatest credit was due to Captain Carrington and the crew of the Liverpool for what they had done for the rescue of lite, and they wished this fact to appear in the Times. The Coroner—I do not think the Times isa bit too sharp in its comments upon the want of @ lifeboat at Harwich. ; he was on the | Chapman, solicitor (for the owners of the | TUE ANNEXED DISTRICT. The Improvement of the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Wards. THE VARIOUS PLANS EXAMINED, Since the passage of the act of the Legislature annex- ing the district now known as tho Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth wards to the city considerable trouble has existed in tne Department of Public Parks, it being the duty of the Commissioners to prepare and adopt suitable plans for the laying out and improvement of this district and to carry on and complete necessary work for this purpose, Shortly after the passage of the Annexation act the Commissioners directed their civil and topographical engineer, General Georgo 8. Greene, to make a thorough examination of the new district and to prepare the necessary plans for sewer age, drainage, construgsion of streets, &a Since 1873 the work Bf surveying and laying out this district has been steadily prosecuted ata very great expense, the engineer department being occupied with this matter nearly the whole time The plans for the proposed improvement were eagerly looked for by the property owners of the district, as, owing to the uncertain condition of affairs in relation to the cost of the work and the amount of the assessments, it was difficult to find pur- chasers for tho land at any fair price, The plan of improvement was at length finished and sub- mitted to the commission in the early part of the present year, General Greene haying adopted the “rectangular” or city plan for laying out ,the entire district. This plan as soon as submitted to the Board occasioned a considerable difference of opinion among the Commissioners as to the system of improvement Dest suited to this portion of the city, One side hold- ing that the district should be laid out on the “city | plan,” as recommended by General Greene, the other side of the house believing in the “‘park’? system and holding that the adoption of a plan that simply followed the natural features of the country was the only class of improvement worthy of consideration, An estunate having been made by order of the Board the cost of the “Greeno” plan was found to be about $8,000 per acre, and, as the district contained 12,300 acres, the total cost of improvement would reach the modest sum of $98,400,000, The cost of street and road construc- tion varying from $210,000 to $850,000 per mile, These startling figures brought the commission to a sudden halt in their operations, and the serious question ‘at once presented itself of adopting this plan, costing more than twice the valae of the property, or the preparation of a new one on the “park” system, which was believed by some members of the Board to be much Jess expensive and better suited to the district. Acon- siderable amount of trouble and delay was caused in the consideration of this question, the Board being equally divided on the subject. This condition of af- fairs lasted until the “Greene” plan was finally rejocted by the Commissioners for the following reasons:— First, in consequence of its excessively expensive char- acter; second, because the plan was an adoption of a system of parallel lines, rectangles and level grades to a hilly region, taking up a large area of land for stroets—about thirty-five per cent—diminishing seriously the amount left for occupation; third, that the system left the property cut up into too small divi- sions and that the lines of streets left the adjoining land either bigh above or far below the grade, and, as sunken lots seriously interfered with dramage and are productive of malaria, the propoged plan for the construction of streets endangered the future sanitary condition of the district. The fourth objection to the plan was that no estimate had been made in connection with the plan of improve- ment during its preparation, the time-honored practice | of the department of carrying out work and preparing plans regardless of cost or the wishes of the property owners being fully adopted in this case, For the foregoing reasone this plan, prepared at avery great expense and outlay of time and money, had to be abandoned, and, although the commission rejected it on these grounds, no action was taken on this impor- tant snbject beyond referring the entire matter to Com- missioner Martin, This gentleman in a communication to the Board recommended the adoption of the ‘park’? item of Improvement as best suited to the wants of the locality aud the least expensive, the cost being esti- mated at about $4,000 per acre, or the present value of the land, No action was taken on this communication for several months, and the entire subject remained in abeyance until the present month, when, by a resolu- tion of the Board, the landscape architect of the depart- ment was directed to prepare a plan for laying ous the annexed districk ‘Although no plan in all its details has as yet been made by the architect, Mr, Olmstead, still the general system of improvement has been decided upon, and is based on the report of Commissioner Martin in favor of the “park” system of laying out the district. A glance at @ topographical map of the new region shows that the country is separated into three distinct natural divisions, the first being the swamp and low lands a little above the water I the secoud division wncluding all the tablelands and rollipg country from twenty to thirty feet above the sea level, the higher lands, steep bills and rocky eminences being included io the third naturai division. The new system of tm- provement is to treat these three different areas on distinct and separate principles, and it is claimed that by doing so the expense of the entire work will be less than half the cost of the “Greene” plan of tmprove- ment. DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE. The principle on which it is proposed to drain this region is to treat the district as a large area of country | land which at the present time is decidedly unhealthy | | | | | ‘A Juryman—But it is rather too sharp in its refiec- | tions upon the men of Harwich, who bave as much pluck and humanity as apy seajaring men along the const. oh aoc TD amet stg aff the course of further examination tné witness said that here ery ng other sinucke near the wreck “han the Liverpoo) Went alongside, but some time afterward many came alongside aud boarded the ship, in order to gave what they could, A juryman Said it had been publicly etated that the people of the emacks bad rifled the bodies of the dead, and he Was anxious to establish that no Harwich smacks were pear the wreck. Witnese could not say whether this was so or not, Mr. Chaptnan said Ube owners were anxious to spare no expense in order W place belore the jury apy evi donce they thought necessary. Mr. Basbam suggested that as divers were now em- wreck one of them should examine the ascertain where it was broken, Chapman eaid bis clients would procure wh: ever evidence was possible under the circumstances, It was probable that there might be a Board of Trade inquiry, and this might save the jury some trouble in the examination of witnesses. YORTHBR INQUERTS are now adjourned until Tuesday; but, judging from what bas been elicited so far, we have no hope of Gevting a clear expowition of the cause of the disaster until the examination of the Board of Trade, which body will not sit, however, until atter Christinas, There 16 much yet to be explained, was If A MURDER? The result of the post-mortem examination of the body of the old man John Devine, of No, 182 Steuben street, Jersey City, whose mysterious death was alluded to ‘n Saturday's Henan, pi A vitter feeling bad existed between nis family and the fainily in whose house he received the fatal injuries, A most disgraceful featare of the case was the refusal of three physicians to attend the unfortunate man be- cunve they did Bot reveive payment ts advance, The man wag thos allowed to labor under a concussion of the brain tor four days without medical attendance, When Dr, Hadden was summoned be fond it was too and productive of malaria The natural water courses of the region are to be opened and de- veloped and included in the new sewerage system wherever practicable. The swamps and low lands are to be intersected with drains, the deep and rface drainage being tapped by the constraction Of the necessary means of outley All large unde: gurface collections of water caused by the basin like formation oi rock are to be drained, and the after ac- cumulation of water these “water pockets Where springs are found they will be treated in ali manner. By these precautions and the use and de- velopment of the natural drainage of the region in connection with a proper system of sewerage 1% is be- | Heved that the euure area will be made perfectly healthy and all sources for the production of malar: removed. The sewerage aystem in the fret two divisions of the jistrict—the low lands, swamp aud fiat lands of bigher large cities, as it is believed that these portions of the district will be occupied soonest and ¢ elf used for | business purposes and the erection of dwellings cost- ing under $5,000, The water tronts in time will be en- Urely used aid occupied by factories, coal yards, butld- ing materials, &c., and manufactories requiring by the nature of their work a good water front. Hence by the constraction of a regular system of street con- struction and sewerage it js proposed to render this portion of the district ready for immediate occup: 10m. ‘The sewerage for the third division, or hilly and un- even portion of the land, will follow the natural surface of the ground, and will Simply be the construction of | good road sewers of proper dimensions to relieve and | curry off the surface drainage. As the at nage of nearly th entre grea of the pies: rick bid | has been the subject of considerable attention, to foul play. | teers mh Kiver sve cones tughe of & largo col- jecting sewer along the bank of that Tiver if proposed to intercept the sewage and carry it off to the North aud East rivers, in this way preventing the filling up of the Harlem River, and also us a means of rendering the locality healthy. The improvement of the HARLEM RIVER: It ts proposed to make a 400 foot water way through th river, The surveys, plans and estimates have already been made by General Newton, of the United States Engineers, and the Park Commiseiouers are urging on the Congressmen from this city the nece of procuring an appropriation of $2,000,000 from Congress for this purpose, For the crossing of this river several plans have been proposed, The propriety of tunnelling has received a considerable amount of attention, bet the immense cost of the work—it being oe: lowest amount—and ihe permanent obstruction to y increase of depth of water in the future, thereby limiting the usefuiness of the water: , Tenders the adoption of this plan improbable, The construction of suspension bridges across the river where the height of the banks would permit has also been under consid- eration, but as this plan is also very expensive, and the reneral experience of this kind of work around New ork unfavorable, this plan does not meet with gen- eral favor, The last and most favorable proj the newly annexed district to Manbatton Island is the construction of proper low, level bridges having fast working draws, ‘Ihe erection of plain, eubstantial bridges on this eystem would answer for a jong time to come, and when the area of ag yet unoceupied land is parviaily filed with population, the vaine of the land al for connecting | Inereaged and the improvements now cecesenry paid i for, it will be then time to consider the advisability of constructing expensive structures, which at the pres- ent Ume could not be "aps for without overtaxing the jand, The new plan of PARES will follow to n perigia exjout old roads now in nag, vented by the connection of | with the gystem of sewerage. | ation—will be the Suine as generally adopted in all | imated at $2,000,000 at | ‘The of the highways from the~ ‘Third avenue and Sixth avenue bridges and Kingsbridge will be carried out, and the present system of roads disturbed as little as The laterweniog sme awe, Bron a division, will be & oat i oted to business purposes, as these border the river fronts. On te ioral and slightly roll- ing lands, such as Morrisania, West Farme antl bord- ham, straight and parallel streets will be constructed el grades, and the blocks divided into the ordinary lot, 25 by 100 feet, as its believed that in this particular portion of the district the jon will be more dense and the area will be occupied by dwellings of moderate cost and stores for light business parece. The plan of improvement for the remain- ing portion of the district, which is mainly composed of hilly country, steep declivities and uneven surface, will be the construction of roads and drives following the nataral surface of the land. The hillsides along the Hudson and Harlem rivers: are in some places very which is also the case in’ the northen portion of the ict, 1t is impossible to improve many of these portions of the region. Tho sides of these eminences are so steep that the cost of grading and the carrying out of the ‘“‘terrace’* system would involve an outlay far greater than’ tho | prospective value of the oe and it is proposed by the! Park officials, in view of this fact, to reserve these rocky heights for pleasure grounds, and with very littie expeuse it is expected that those otherwise useless: spots, as far as occupation ts concerned, will add muck) to the value and attractive appearance of tho surround-! ing land. Good roads, on the “park” pla, are to be, constructed in this region, wherever necessary, and the land divided into small plots, from one-quarter, of an acre up, as it 18 expected that fa this Con pe of the Knap role , Sie’, {reat natural advantages of soenary, elevation, ke. it will be naturally eae by an expensive che ol residences, each having attached a small section of, land, Broad avenues are to be constructed wherever, necessary conforming to the natural contour of the ground, pera continuous iine of building sites on either side, Present splendid foliage will be preserved as far as possible, and at intersecuons of roads minit pleasure will be formed, points: of marked natural beauty 3 grounds being selected for this pur- pose, aud if possible the construction of a combined: carriage way, bridle path and promenade of a wile in. extent at some important point im the district 1s com templated, ._ Ut is claimed by the supporters of this general system, Or Improvement that !t 14 much less expensive than the plan lately rejected by the Board, and it better de- volops the entire district for occupation, providing for the future population a grade and class of improve~ ments to suit every variety of taste and means. ‘The last and, perhaps, most important eubject in ro- | lation to the future of this district is . THE QUESTION OF RAPID TRANSIT, as the future of this entire region and the ability of the property owners to meet the large assessments de- pends upon the solution of this quogtion. At present. this district ts accessible only by the Hudson River and Hariem railroads, and as these roads depend almost en~ tirely on through’ travel they cannot supply local rapid: transit, On this point there seems to be some chance: of improvement, as the officials of the Greenwich street. | railroad company propose to cross the Harlem River and construct diverging lines throughout the district, ‘This plan will cost but little, as the roadbed can be laid’ onthe ground. Arrangements are at present being made and pone drawn by which concert of action be- “tween the Department of Parks and railroad officials can be established and a uniform plan of railroad com- munication adopted that will not interfere with the system of improvement, In reviewing the past action of the Department of | Parks in relation to the improvement of this region it | must be confessed that no great expectations can bo indulged inas to the speedy accomplishment of the work, as it is by no means certain that the system in which the new plans are founded will be adopted by the Board. ‘The commission at present stands in the sat ition that it did one year ago—two in favor of the adoption of the rectangular or city plan as pro- posed by General Groene, the lave Engineer of the do- partment, the other Commissioners being in favor of the pan above described. ‘A review of the entire question clearly shows the necessity of adopting, toa certain extent, both sys tems for the distric. In the low lands and level re-) gions, where the cost of construction of streets and roads with level grades ig not excessive, the rectangu- lar plan may well be carried out, as this district will be chiefly occupied by people with moderate means, who are at present forced to live in parts of houses and the better class of tenements in the lower portions of the: city, Land along the river fronts should be laid out ‘and reserved for business and manufacturing purpos as, this region being all low and swampy land, it wil! never be entirely exempt from more or less malaria ag se ig consequently be unit for dwellings. ( The hilly regions may be developed by the construc- tion of good and drives and a proper system off drainage. The improvement should be gradual andi carried on in proj ion to the demand for property. In this way a thorough improvement of the entire; district will be brought about, the property owners en-| abled to pay the large assessments necessary tor tho mapa laying out of the land, and the transition of this: ge district from farm land to city property can bei accomplished in a comparatively short space of time. | The duty of the Commissioners in this matter is) plain, If no one is competent in the department toy prepare a proper plan for the improvement of this! district they should appoint a commission of enginee! and sanitarians to fully investigate the question an prepare @ proper system of sewer: drainage and. bbreet construction that should be adopted by the de- | partment and vigorously carried out, as the people are ‘sick of this long delay and eonstant wasto of muney im teaching lessous in experimental engineering. SELF-GOVERNMENT IN JERSEY. A NEW BRA DAWNING FOR THE PEOPLE OF JERSEY CITY. To the people of Jersey City the adoption cf the new constitutional amendments affords profound gratifica- tion, The Legislature can no longer appoint governing bodies for municipalities. A general scheme of govern- ment, applicable to all cities and towns, will devolve om the Legislature, which is prohibited henceforward from interfering in local administration, As tne readers of the Hezatp have been aware, for five years no city’ tm the Union bas been plundered by legislative com- missions to the same extent as Jersey City, The resulb was a general depression in the real estate market and acessation of public improvements, since public im- provements under such a system involved public rob- bery. This most tnfamous abuse of a republican sye~ tem is now to be brought to @ close. The Boards of Public Works, Police and Fire Commissioners, which,) while spending by far the greater portion of the publio revenue, are not amenable to the people, but were ap-' pointed by men trom Camden. ype May and other counties to rule over Jersey City, are now to be dis~ placed, and self-government will once again be establiebs, ed. Tho public money must hereafter be disbursed and munteipal Jaws framed daly by men elected by the ple. The Mayor of the city will then be enabled to curb extravagance by his veto. Mayor Trapbagen, of Jersey City, has saved thousands of dollars to the city treasary by bis refusal to sign exorbitant bills, but im spite of his vigilance he is compelled by law to assent | toschemes of public robbery. The same rule will eweep away the creatures of special legislation in the county. Hudson county is saddled with a chairman of the Board of Freehold known as director at large, a County hysician «who usurps th functions of the Corouers ahd a county Board of | Health, {a all of whicn other counties are exempt.) | The meetings of the Board of Freeholders, under the | Operation of the present system, have been a disgrace to the county. The Director openly proclaimed to the Board, amid great confusion, that he was dictator, that there was no appeal from_his decision and no power im the Board to overcome his veto, At the last mecting the scene was go scandalous that a cry has gone forth from Bayonne to the Bull’s Ferry line for the abolition: of the office. Men of every political party in Hudsom county are loud in their denunciations of such a systems and they will raise their voices at the doors of the Legislasure tor its repeal. COMMISSIONERS OF -EMIGRATION, The Commissioners of Emigration are expecting @ great change in their department in the early part of the ensuing yoar. It is understood that the report of tho Legislative Investigating Committee will be pre« sented to the Legislature at the commencement of thet ‘session; and, should it be favorable to the continuance, of the commission, a thorough reorganization of thet Boara wili be made, The terms of office ot Messrs.. Forrest and Stephenson are run out, and have been for some time past, Other members will bave to be appointed in their place, Should the department ber continued, Commissioners Lynch and Shaick will hava. a bill introduced in the Legislature empowering the presidents of the German and Irish societics to vote om a questio s of appointment and dismissal. The Forty-second street crosstown line of cars, which Pans from Grand street ferry and passes, Union and Madison squares, 1s gaining an unenviable notoriety by the brutality of a few of the conductors. On Christm: night the ruflan in charge of car No, 15 made himsel! very offensive by coarse langaage to ladies and roug! usage. He overcharged fare for children, and when th fact was mentioned retorted with a torrent of abuse. car full of people, who are necessarily strangers to enc! | other, are, of course, at the mercy of a brute like this | yet it was pitiable to see how completely the condnetot of car 15 lorded {t over bis passengers. A Society fo the Suppression of Bratal Conductors would prove v popular just now. { | TURKISH REFORMS. Acorrespondent of the London Telegraph furnishesy. | from a reliable source, the twelve articles comprising | the scheme of reforms for Herzegovina and Bospi | which Rashid Pasha, the Turkish minister of foreigtt | | | affairs, is about Lo communicate to the great Powers. By these the tribes along the Montenegrin frontiey will be confirmed in their rights and prerogative Bosnia and Herzegovina will form two provinces, wit Be) administrations. The Governor can be Christian, and the deputy-Governor must be choses bom een the Cg tg | notables of the counthy. Thi lect o each diet becomes law only after bei confirmed by the Sultan, Me “4s ae reserves the right of imspection of thd 100! Tithe and all other taxes of the same kind will abolished, and a tax established on land on the basis the principles of modern equity. ‘Tho Turkigh aug Aqrviag languages will be official,