The New York Herald Newspaper, November 16, 1874, Page 4

4 THE TRIAL Scenes in the Court House at Wurzburg. OF KULLMANN. EXAMINATION OF THE WITNESSES. The Attempt to Prove | Insanity. THE SENTENCE PASSED. Werzsvra, Bavaria, Oct, 30, 1874, The ordinary tourist in his fight through Ger- many does not stay at Wurzburg. On his way from Frankfort to Nuremburg or Munich he con- | tents himself with a glance at the crooked steeple of Gelnhausen as the train rushes by; he reads from the guidebooks the descriptions of King Lud- wig’s Powpeian villa at Aschaffenburg; and the majority of travellers see little of Wurzburg ex- cept the large railroad restaurant where they are so frequently compeiled to make a delay of some hours, But those who have courage to stay even a few hours, and wander about the old city, find many an object of great interest. He will find that the wines that grow on the biliides of the Main, generally known under the name of “Steinwein,” are not to be despised, and that the German champagne which is here manufactured and sold under the name of “Schaumwein’’ will produce an enthusiasm not much less in de- gree than the related French sparkling and at about half the price. If he have a religious turn of mind he will find delight in wandering through the sisies of the glorious old gothic ca- thedral and looking at the unique and beautiful specimens of monumental art erected within it to the memory of so many prince-bishops who once wielded the secular and ecclestastical power here. The interior of this sacred edifice is calculated to inspire one with awe and veneration more than any similar structure in Germany. THR GERMAN ROME. [know no city in Germany where e209 many in- teresting memories and comparisons are called up. Now you are reminded of Prague, now of Florence, now of Rome. When you gaze on the exterior of the cathedral you are involuntarily reminded of Santa Croce, in Florence, while the interior, with its many costly and precious monu- ments, Will }ead you to style it the Westminster Abbey of Franconia. If you cross the Mam, over the old bridge, and gaze first on the statues thereon and then walk up to the fortress of the Marienburg, you will be remindea of Prague and its bridge and the towering fort- ress of the Hradschin, although the Prague bridge is of greater interest. The six statues on the bridge over the Main you will compare ‘with the six figures that guard the briage of St. Angelo in Rome. St. John of Nepomuk, the guar- @ian saint of rivers, is here, too, as in Prague, and ‘with him the canonized Scotch missionaries, Kilian, Golonat and Totnan, who, from the years 686 to 688, were the frst apostles of Christ m the land of Franconia; lMkewise Saints Burkhardt, and Brunno and Friedericus and Josephus, Carl Borromeo and Charlemagne, and she, the Divine Motner. St. Agquilinus was born here, and Bonafacius lived and preached here and erected the bishopric of Wurzburg. At many a street corner your atten- tion 1s riveted by statues of saints and bishops. And Rome, beautiful Rome, is called to mind at | every square by the gushing of clear waters from | curiously sculptured fountains, that splash and | marmur the whole night long and bring up dreams of Trevi and Acqua Marcia. WALTHER VON DER VOGELWEIDE. And in the cathedral there are curiously pleas- ant memories of that sweetest and greatest of | the minnesingers of Germany, Walther von der Vogelweide, who lived here and sung in the cathedral choir some time in the twelfth cen- tury and died and was buried here, leaving to keep alive his memory that beautiful bequest to the birds of which he haa. sung bis long life through, Up to ten years ago many Germanists belleved that Wurzburg was Walther’s birth place; but this theory has re- cently been exploded by the discovery on the Tyrol} of a peasant’s nomesiead called the “Vogel- weide Hof,” where, only afew weeks ago, & marble tablet was erected, recording the tact that the great singer was born there, But Walther lived here. Kaiser Frederic Il. presented bim with a small estate in the vicinity asa reward for bis Services in soug forthe Empire against the pa- pacy, and te lived here until bis death, and was buried in the centre of the Laurence Garden, con- ected with the cathedral. And the legend says that he left in his will @ sum of money to be ex- pended every year for food for the birds, which were to be fed on the gravestone mark- Ing his last resting place. True, some peo- ple have denied tho authenticity of the beautiful bequest; but we know that to this day the school children of the city are feasted once a year with cakes purchased from the very fund which Walther beqeathed, There is a beautiful painting in the National Museam at Munich, re. presenting the sweet singer’s burial, and among the mourners are hundreds of feathered songsters, who hover about the head of their dead friend as he 1s being borne to the grave by priests and mobiles and fair maidens. ‘True, the grave exists no more, the Laurence Garden 1s in a jorlorn con- | dition, and a simple gravestone at the side of the | cathedral {8 the only monument we fing to tim in the city to-day, and this was erected by King Ludwig I. ot Bavaria. <A glorious idea it would be 41 Wurzburg would restore the grave in the Lau- rence Garden and erect another tompstone where the birds could gather to eat the crumbs of Wal- ther's legacy and sing the praises of their great friend and singer of yore: BISMARCK AND KULLMANN. Pleasant legends, these, to ponder over while we are wacching over the trial of Edward Luawig Francis Kullmann for the attempted assassination of Prince Bismarck, at Kissingen, on tue lath day ot July last. EDWARD LUDWIG FRANCIS KULLMANN ‘Was born onthe 14th of July, 1853, the son of a poor drunken fish dealer of Neustadt-Magaevurg, and @ mother who died not long ago in an insane asylum. Alter leaving school he was bound ap- Prentice to a master cooper named Weisch, of his ative city. Kuilmann was a Catholic, fellow fel ep and Journeymen Protestants—‘‘Evan- gelicais,” as they termed themselves in their tes- tUmony—facts which we must bear in mind. January, 1872, he began his ‘“wander- ings,’’ a period of existence which all German journeymen have to pase throngh; he worked in ‘Various places, in Tapgermuende, Berlin, Char- lottenburg, Lueneberg, Saizwedel and in Suden- e jaeburg. At the period of his apprentice- iid not conduct himself in any very praise- Manner; lie had trequent quarreis with ob jow apprentices and workmen and masters; he even threw knives at one, stabved at another and in other ways gave evidences of an unbridied comepee and®@ revengeful aisposition, From the testimony of Kulimann himseif, and the corrob- oration of bis old comrades, we learn, however, that these quarrels generally arose from his being irritated and persecuted on account of his religion. ehip wo Ke lived in @ place called Saizwedel, near Magde- | burg, from the middie of March to the 9th of July, 1873, and while there he became @ member of a society called the Catholic Maenner- Verein, wher ultramontane rs mania,” Dr. Sigi's “Vaterian of @ similar tendency. speeches by the members about the the Catholics in Germany; st the new Prus- sian ecclesiastical jaws; og it Prince Bismarck as the great ty oe! “ the Seams eee many, and there gra: sprung &, 1e! @ deep-seated ‘eing ‘of natred: oe his religious Persecutors and a desire to free his Church irom @ man whom he considered a tyrantand oppressor. ARCHBISHOP LEDOCHOVSE] WAS ARRESTED, and Kullmann felt this to be almosts personal and other papers le listened to insult; and he deciared that if the parish priest of Salzwedel should ever be arrested the man who rrested him should fail. The uncultured youn; jased @ pistol,and having an ides tha’ war was inevitavie in Germany—that 000 Catholics and 24,000,000 ‘4iberais’? would to fight at some ti or other—he be: tice shooting at birds, and an indistinct gen to prac' repoding grew within him that he would need bis weapon for nobier game. at Easter of the Present year he was ving in Sudenverg, and | had never appreciated the enormity of his crime; | being constantly washed ashore. ag he admits, . he aid not’ apprecl ate the extent of his punish- | 4 he had determined to Prince Bismarck, whom he considered to be thé originator of tue Catholic persecution. When his companions woul Kk hit what he in- tended to do with the pistol he would answer, “The thing has its Object, and its mission will be eqoumpupiad.' or, “Beiore 1 die was in the habit of reading tie | such a8 Mr. Majuoke’s ‘‘Ger- ery ersecution of NEW YORK HERALD, MOND AV have to fall.” That “another” was Prince Bis- marok, the young Man now admits. He deter- mined to go forth and seek bis victim, and ut Whitsuntide he wandered to Berlin and Unter den Linden, and on the Wilhelmstragse be lin- gered avout, with his loaded pistol in his pocket, awaiting his victim, whom, as the State Attorney says, “Providence Kept in Varzin.” He stayed in | Berlin until his money was exhaustea, ang he had | to take once more tolabor inorder to procure food and lodging. He went to Potsdam even, ‘With @ longing to see tne Kaiser; but ad NOT DECIDED TO KiuL THB HOHENZOLLERN, It was Bismarck who had insulted bim and his religion. In Potsdam be worked for @ master cooper named Danehl, and one day said that “nis hend was appointed tor other work than the noop- ing of casks.’ From Potsdam he wandered to San- gershausen, and there he teard that Prince Bis- | marck was residing at Kissingen. He purchased & Map and made a big mark under the city wherein | dweit nis arcn enemy and proceeded over Nord- hausen, Sondersbausen, Sangensalzee, Gotha and Meiningen on foot, reaching Kussti in on the morning of suaday, Lath of July, #8 yh on | his way at birds aad targets to prepare bim- | seif tor the other. He determined not to desecrate the sabpath 5 his crime; he waited patiently until Monday, seeking up his victim's aweiling, and ascertaining his mode of life, and that at one o’clock every day he rode (rom his house to the saline baths, The long awaited opportunity arrived; be held his pistoi, | loaded with two buckshots, in his right hand; in | the left @ percussion cap, in case the other should | bang fire; he took aim at bis victuo’s head and dred, but his shot falied its mark. THE TRIAL was conduc‘ed in @ very impartial manner, Per- mit me to describe the chief actors therein before Igo on with my narrative. The court room was exceedingly smail, and crowded and oppressive. At along, green, raised table sat the President (Haus), supported on either eide by two assistants, @ud at the right the State Attorney (Kuedei), all dressed in id laced uniforms. in three narrow pews on the right side of the room sat the jury, twelve men, of homely @nd not unintelligent faces, At a small table immediately betore the Presiden: sat tne |. advocate appointed by the Bavarian government for the deieace, Herr Gerhard. ‘Then there were the witnesses, thirty-one in number, medical ex- paper from ali parts of the world, and about dive The testimony of the Many Witnesses was for the marck’s Coachman and valet, who saw the at- perts who should Pronounce on the cuiprit's sanity; then about fifty representatives of news- undred spectators. THE TESTIMONY OF THE WITNESSES, Most part exceedingly uninteresting, a repetition ofalready well known facts. There were Bis- tempt, and Dr. Diruf, who used the opportunity to Speak about bis own skill and the virtues of the Pandur and Racocsky springs of Kis- singen. There were coopers, oth maste: g@nd journeymen and Bpprendoea, who had Known —_Kullmana, ere Were the | atragen yn who had ey Pore aaa oo and the erlin policeman w' ad guarded sistugrck’s dweling ‘on the ‘eventful day and had salled to see anything suspicious in Kullmann’s lingeriug so Many hours before the Prince’s residence antil the shot bad been fired. There was schoolmaster Funke, of Neustadt-Magdeburg, who tuld us how Kullmann had sat at his feet and how many chas- tisementy had not made the poor boy docile and loving. He even toid the Court that he considered Ku 88 possessed of an incorrigibie nature; how Kullmann had refused to greet him by dot bis cap whenever he met him (the teacher) in the street, Then there was tue curi- ous journeyman tauor, Kammerbiey, es Potsdam, who had slept at the same ge, oF inn, with ulimann, and told some funny stories. He guid he (the tailors journeyman), having been troudied at nights py Dugs, Made a erg td upon these little creatures one night, slaying thousands, whereupon Ku! mann cailed him @ murderer. Schneideriein Kat Mmerbley felt his dignity touched and told Kul mann that he looked and acted just like a mu derer of men and not of bugs, whereupon a dis- pute arose waich lasted until poth crept between the sheets to sleep and scratch. The value of this testimony was slightly weakened, however, by Kulimann asserting that he had never had the pleasure of Schneiderieia Kammerbiey’s acquaint- ance, nor could he recail the eventful campaign of the bugs and its results. And the Court believed Kullmann, for the ooy nas not been caught in a lie | during the entire trial. TESTIMONY OF THE MEDICAL EXPERTS. The testimony of about twenty-five such wit- nesses led one to the conclusion that they might Dave been dispensed with. It is true they gave us interesting glimpses of Kullmann’s lite and of the lile of journeymen coopers and tailors in gen- eral, but they were no better than Kulimann him- self, equally obstinate and passionate and were more ignorant; they were mostly evangelical—tne culprit, Catholic. The testimony of the five medi- | cal experts, two of whom—Prolessor Rinecker, of Wurzburg, and Dr. Hubrich, director of the insane Asylum of Werneck, in Franconia—were for the | geience, was more interesting and appropriate, While three of them testimed to Kulimann’s | mental capacity as periectiy heaithy during his imprisonment, the two named endeavored to | show that Kullmann had inherited slight | | traits of insanity from his ancestry on the maternal side. But neither of them would assert tat Kuilmann was insane at the time of the attempted murder. They went on to show | bow Kuilmaun’s mother had recently died in an | insane asylum ; that bis grandiatber (the mother’s | | father) had committed suicide; therefore, they assumed insanity to be hereditary in the family, | and although it had not fully developed in the | | culprit, yet the symptoms thereof were evinced in bis passionate, unruly, revengelul dispusition. They spoke o1 Kui nu’s lack Of proper training, his wild boyhood, his youthful excesses aud abuses leading to excessive nervous irritabuity | and impotence, his quarrels with his masters and | feiluw-apprentices and workmen, and finaliy the destructive influence exerted upou his mind by the Saizwedel Catholic Union—all of which, together with the hereditary tendency to mental averra- tion, should prove that, under tntense excitement, | asthe culprit is known to have been at the time of the attempted murder, he was no longer a iree agent; bis (reedom of will was restricted, his re- sponsibility therefore limited, Tnis was the LIMITED LIABILITY THEORY. The attorney {ound a refutation of the theory in the tact of Kullmann brooding on the deed we in- tended to commit for three months, waile Pro- fessor Rinecker more correctiy said that such a plan brooded over for three MoMths would grow m auy man to be— One tyranntc thought that made Aji other thoughts its slave! KULLMANN’S HEAD AND EARS. Professor Kinecker called atvention to'some pe- cullarities in the 1ormation ef Kullmann’s‘nead, which ne urged should be taken into account by the jury. ‘Ihe lobes of the culprit’s ears adhered to the side of the face, & peculiarity which he bad |. once known in a very Wicked boy, Who had been in the habit of killing Maychafera insteaa of going | | to scnool, The formation of the head was another | | potnt to which attention was calied, and toe Pro- | lessor gave some measurements he had made, and spoke of the great width of the skull between the | ears—a phepomenon he had iound in criminals. The truth is that the Professor had got hold of some facts which he could not understand or ex- Pisin. Kullmano's bead showed an immense de- velopment of what the caaladviahy od say is com- bativeness or destructiveness. {ndeed, the Pro- fessor said that the buiges on the sides | of the skull were so great that they had caused the culprit to be lop-eared, though the latter deformity may have been caused D; Kallmanno’s habit of wearing his cap or villycoc! bat, low down over his head. The crown end forehead were exceedingly low; the resipe. de- | | Yotea to determination high and full. Tworidges running along tue sides give the skull a flat topped formation, The tace evinced far more in- teliigence than the photographs published ied us to expect. He vroved to be quick, Quent in tis lan- guage, apathetic to all ne ueard which he tnougnt \ be true, but angered whenever his trathfalness or his honesty wus doubted. He appeared to bewvery sensitive about some charges brought up against hun of lying aad thett. He arose aud denied them point biank, ana | am eure the Judges and jury be- lieved bim, for he was so earnest, w’ @ did not | i } | 1g smiled at the larzer guilt, but was angry mefest insinuation o/ a smaller culpability. ‘Truly he ig @ criminal enigma, this young cooper’s jour- neyman. THE STATE ATTORNEY'S CHARGE TO THE JURY, Theu came the final addresses of the two advo- cates, the one for the government the other for the culprit. Neither made any very brilitant ora- | torical display. State Attorney Raedel denied, as I said, the partial irresponsibitity theory, and tola the jury that Germany and Europe were iooking to them for @ just decision, which decision should of course be “guilty.” Advocate Gerhard, for the delence, spoke perhaps fliteen minutes, but cer- tainiy did not make the best of his case. He wished to show that his client had become fanati- cized by destructive influences, and urged tie | jury to accept the theory of Kullmann oot being ‘a tree agent, jor the law says that 4 man 19 guilt- lesa if freedom of will have been excluded at the time of the deed, The State Attorney ad- decide upon two points. Did Kulimann do the deed unintentionaily? pid he do it with delibera- tion? These points had even been admitted by Kullmann, He bad shot at the Prince’s head, he telis us, because he jancied that on his body he Wore a ahirt of mail, Tnat he did it with deitvera- tion is saidcientiy proved; thathe did it while in ‘the full possession of its senses Was likewise clear, because he had admitted immediately afterwards that he Knew well the punuwhment that awaited him; he clearly knew the magnitude of the crime at the time, THE SENTENCE PASSED. Advocate Gerhard spoke once more, then the then retired. Afteran absence of ten minutes they returned with a verdict of guilty, The Btate Attorney demanded @ sentence of imprisonment with hard. labor | ry of further ten years’ civil r dec & severe sentence for the ie, Which treason. The space of half Bn hour with a sentence of fourteen years’ imprisonment with hard lavor, and, further, ten ye deprivation of civil rights, Kuilmann Hatened to the senteace with his old apathy. He ment. He was taken to his cell vy the geudarmes and the Oourt closed about seven o'clock in the | evening. An immense crowd gathered outside the Court to hear the sentence and catch & giimpse of the culprit as ne was being transported to the @uotber Will | Jortreas of Mariembura, So ended ihe trial. | and a dangerous one to save life from the sea. again dregsea tue jury, telling them they must first | President of the Court addressed she jury, who | tant Judges then retired and returned in the | THE TYPHOON IN CHINA. Widespread and Fatal Ravages Caused | by the Great Storm. A Terrible Fire After an Inundation— The Dead Counted by Thousands. HonG Kons, Oct, 2, 1874 The losses which were caused by the sweep of the typhoon were widespread and disastrous to life, property on land and the shipping. At Canton two gunboats were totally wrecked, besides enormous losses to the native shipping. The town algo Is feartuliy damaged, THE SCENE AT MACAO. The following letter from Macao, published in a Hong Kong paper under date of September 24, will give some idea of this frightful storm and the ter- Tible destruction which tt has caused :— A MOST DREADFUL CALAMITY has befallen this town, it is now a heap cf ruins. Its beauty is gone, its prosperity checked, and desolation is everywhere, On the evening of the 22d inst. the appearance of the atmosphere and the indications of the barometer gave sure Sixns that something serious was brewing and that a typhoon was to be ieared. The wind was not ‘ong, however, but the sea was high, and, hough not yet tempestuous, there was ® sound of awful menace in the moan with which it broke on_ the shore. The blowing of the wind steadily increased from the north quarter, and at midnight the inner harbor began to be aacene of destruction, the junks losing their moorings, striking each other, and being smashed to pieces, A Chinese gunboat capsized On this occasion with turee Engishmen on board. In the town the roofs of the houses be- gan to move and tiles flew about like hall. Every Moment the wind Lae, stronger, the barometer steadily falung. Suddenly the wind veered to tne eas ‘Then the sea which had been rising gradually in- creased to AN ENORMOUS WAVE, overleaping {ts usual limits, and struck in a body ‘With tremendous force the whole course of the Praia Grande, The water rusned into the houses, the quays were destroyed, the large granite stones buried about, the guns of the batteries dismounted and borne like leathers on vhe infuriated waves and junks were smashed against the buildings. In less than an hour the work of destiuction was accomplished; every house was invaded by the water and battered down; tne spray flew over the Government House, and the houses to the sonth- ern extremity of the Praia were reduced toa shapeleas heap of stone and brick. The desolation of the town now reached its acme. THE CRASH OF FALLING HOUSES, the screaming of tite victims, people running to and fro in the streets pursued by the rushing water, the terrible roar of the wind and of the sea, all this was something awiul to hear or see. Suddenly an ominous glare appeared in the heavens, FIRES HAD BROKEN OUT in different parts of the town, and the flame whipped on by the gales, rushed in horizontal streams over the largest squares, devouring the buildings that stood even at great distances in their direction, ‘he lurid giare of these fres was reflected by the waters which invaded the doomed town in every direction. On this occasion the loss of life was fearful. Peopie had only to choose their death by water, fire or the shock of falling buiid- ings; but death was everywhere. Many persons who were hidden in the furthest recesses of their houses found themselves suddenly surrounded by the fames, and perished miserabiy. THE BAROMETER fell to less than 27.90, and then the confusion and Taging Herweon the elements was indescribable. las DAYLIGHT DAWNED on this tremendous scene. It seemed @ dream; an awful dream; but there it was; in this direct destruction Macao was not to be recognized; the waves sprung like infuriated lions on the smashed buildings, and it seemed uncertain if the very ground had not gone down. By this time the bar- ometer was already rising,Jbut as soon as the first tignt appeared in the neaven His Excellency, the Governor, the noble and brave Viscount 3, dJanuario, went out with nis stam and a body of men to bring heip where needed. The robbers who began to asgail and pluader the rained houses were energetically put down. Itis @ most remarkable occurrence that to this mo- ment a Very insignificant looting has taken place, Tne Governor, with Mr. Cunba or the public works department, alter many heroic efforts vanquished une fires. Mr. Cunba was severely wounded in the hand on this occasion, While this was going on a body of soldiers with Mr. R. Sampaio, a naval oflicer, alde-ae-camp to the Governor, and Mr. Mes- nmier were saying lite on tne sea. Mr. Mesnier, not- withstanding the tremendous sea, stripped him- self and swam off to save some persons who were drowning, and fortunately succeeded. Mr. Smithies of the English navy, who was, on the Prata, saved also two chiidrepin the same way. The greatest energy and bravery was shown by the Portaguese soldiers on this occasion, when the ry of the waves made it a very diificu.t mass. t is impossible to give in detail every praiseworthy act that was done on this occasion. The cold was intense, the wind terrible, and the rain struck in such a way astohurt. Toward three o’ciock the fire was subdued and the sea had returned to its wonted bed, bui alas! Macao was no more what it was a few hours before. Ivis aremarkable thing that among the general ruins Red gly buildings lately constructed by Viscount S. Januario remained nearly untouched as the solitary witnesses of a former prosperity which seems to be now gone forever, AT THE FORT, | . The new fort was washed over by the sea, and | the new guns of 120 pounds were wasned to a | great distance. The guard of this fort died miserably, The commander of the guard, seeing that the water was gaining on his Position, ordered his soldiers not to move. As they had to stick to their post they died. One only escaped and gave the particulars of this re- Markable behavior. The police officers and ; Soldiers worked with most marvellous zeal, and among them Mr. Cortreal deserves thé thanks of everybody, It is a satisfactory thing to see during such a tremendous catastrophe brave Portuguese soldiers and officers risking their itves and work- ing against fire, wind and water in the moat en- thusiastic manner, A GLANCE AT THE SCENE OF DISASTER. The town is overthrown. If the Chinese hordes had been io possession of it alter an assault it would not have been worse, It ig heartrending to see this dire calamity. Everywhere you hear the lamentations of the unfortunate victims. To give an idea of the extent of the loss in native shipping I may say that in tae a Harbor, in the beginming of the typhoon, there were 600 jauks, while-alter it only for were found. THE DEA! it Corpses strew the banks bee cA wrecks are to be found in the most rdinary loca- tions, A junk was thrust inte Mr. Ybele’s house, and many junks are on the Bilis at Lapa Island. ‘The native villages near Ma@ao have been swept away. Typa and Colowan are no more. The 1086 of life there is considered to exceed 2,000 persons, In Macao it 1s perhaps greater. it is thought that there never was such an ex- traordinary cataclysm as this in these regions; thé barometor’s indicator went of the scale. Since the typhoon avery strong westerly. wind has been blowing, and but few boats are seen ply- _ about. é tid in the midst of ruin, death and lamenta- 0. SIGHTS OF DEATH. Ido not think anyone ever ssw more ghastly signts than [ nave seen coe the past A battle fleid must be horribie bade 1g but then that ts man’s work, and whem man likes that ma: be seen no longer. But the sights of death desolation that around me now di elrueterae vous nd the gense of one’s utter elpiessness seems to add tothe feeling of pain which they cause, But my is not to moralize, Having seen all the chief thorough. fares and buildings of Macao, I determined to visit the spot which one might judge to be most fatal—the Chinese district near the Barra Fort. It was no use to take @ chair, for the way lies over huge mounds of débris, on which one can walk only with the atmost diMculty, and, Occasionally, not a little danger. No description could Convey an adequate idea of this desoljating scené, AS you near the piace youare almost ar- rested bya smell horrid and ri it in the extreme. A few days ago I should not have known what could have caused it; but while seeing d bodies thrown ashore by the waves) or di ‘ombed from fallen houses I had felt the s: sickening odor, and I had no difficulty in recog- | Dizing it now. The large mass of ruins over | which 1 was treading was indeed @ huge sepul- | chre, @ mighty tomb. What number of dead bodies are lying beneath them will not be known | tor .. The putrid essences which they emit | are the only indications of de A Woman sits sad and desolate on a rude heap of stones, which once formed her dwelling, while coolies are digging away tho ruiny which lie above her husband or child, but who, alas, if found can be but dead. Groups of walt naked men and women, houseleas and destitute, are sharing a miserable meal of rice and tea, over | the very spot pernaps where those they loved dearest are rotting away, or in presence of the | fumes which are consuming their remains. One does not care to rest on sucha scene wnere the | very atmosphere reeks with pes’ tial odor and the whole place and people wear ‘orror and of misery. You pass on to the har! | hoptng there to get a little fresh air; but ie! are greeted with tho same breath of death have not far to look tor the cause, Only yarda off a dozen corpses are floating in the water, Stiff and rigid, with uplifted hands, as though the Jast humanesfort had been tq clutoh at anything which promised succor, Corpses—one, two or three—were visible in many places, and were Hurrying from here! made my way roand the city till I again reached (he Praya Grande, picking my way over fallen timber amd house aébris till £ got to the soft san which occupy What was once the hard road. Pieces of boats and wrecks lie strewn alt around, Kicking | suddenly agains. something. I looked dowa to see it few days. | what {t was. Por s moment I conid not discern the object, for it was now dusk, and the thing was ‘partly buried in the sand. It seemed biack and round and that was all, and | was about passing on withoat further notice, 1 confess to & sicken- ing sort of mee, asl saw attached to tt the lo jaited batr, A little nearer look, and | saw I ha icked the head of hinaman, At another time the tnctaent would have led to report and inquiry; but now, when the whole shore was being strewn with dead, it was hardly wortn attention, BURNING THE DEAD. I Dave made many inquirtes as to the loss of itfe in Macao and neighborhood; bat tt is tmpossibie to give anythi) like ap urate estimate, No one puts ti namber at less than five thousand, while others say it will reach twenty thousand. Home readers who peruse this account may think such a lose incredibie; but those who know what crowds dwell in small boats and in Chinese houses will receive the statement without hesitation. Between two thousand teen already in modern times, has there been cremation on sucn @ scale, Burying was tried for the frat few days; until the labor of digging graves was too great. Tnen it was determined to try burno- ing. for this pornos tar was sought for, but only one or two barrels could be had. ‘Tne method Of cremation was very simple; too simple, indeed, for any one near the huge burial mounds ts pain- fully mane ai of what 18 going on. me bundreds were burned on Saturday, and on Sun- day over a thousand bodies were destroyed io this way. I had intended describing the process of burning, but I feel Ihave already deait sum- ciently with the horrible. At any rate l am heartily tired of looking on the scenes | tave ieee Witnessed and attempting to describe em, MAJOR LEECH’S DEPARTURE. The Captain of the Irish Rifle Team to Sail on Wednesday. Major Arthur B. Leech, the Captain of the Irish rife team which participated in the late interna. tional contest at Creedmoor, leaves New York for home on Wednesday next in the steamship Rus- sia, He has for the past few months been making an extensive tour through the United States ana Canada, visiting the principal cities. In the course of his travels he visited Niagara Falls, Montreal, Quebec, Chicago, Louisville, Cinctnnatt, Washing- ton, Philadeiphia, Baltimore, Nashville and New Orleans. In the latter city he was presented with & handsome gola medal by the New Orleans Rife Association as a token of their appreciation of his service in furthering the cause of rifle shooting. Major Leech expresses himself as highly pleased with the manner in which bis friends and himself bave been received during their visit to this country. He says he nas visited many countries butit remained for him to come here to find out what hospitality meant. In fact, he says words are quite inadequate to express one-half of the feeling he has for the kindliness with which he has been treated, not only in New York but in every city visited, Chicago be looks upon as tbe finest and most extraordinary city in the world, and he 18 particuiarly enthusiastic over the pluck and de- Termination exuibited by its citizens in rebuiiding the vast busivess palaces as it were upon the ruins leit by the late condagration, and almost be‘ore the embers were cold, Major Leech among other topics referred to tn @ conversation held yester- day with @ representative of the HERALD, spok more particularly of the splendid hotels to be foun iu America. These hotels, he sald, are peculiar to the country and quite put in the shade all those of Europe for convenience, the accom- modations offered, and the manner in which they are conducted and ordered. He regretted, he said, that his visit was so bear its termination, for he would have liked to have remained in New York until the spring, if only to experience what an American winter is, But as he has some bust- ness matters that reqaire attention he is com- peiled to aefer that experience until a future occasion, He promises that the reception which will be given to the American Team, on their visit to Jreland next June, will be most hearty and warm. in fact, he says, every effort will be made to show to their American cousins what the oid country can do In that way, feeling certain that, although the New World outrivals the Old in many things, yet, in point of welcome the Isie of tne Sea will not forego the laurel without a strong and earnest struggle. Major Leech spoke in glowing terms of his meeting with General Custer, whom he hopes will make one in the American Team next year. On parting with the General he presented him with the rifle he used at the Creedmoor yaich, which Ge2eral Custer accepted with pleasure. Last night Major Leech himself was made the recipient oj a simular present irom Coionel Wingate, viz., of a Spring- field rifle, on which was a sliver plate engraved as follows :—"Presented to Major Leech, Captain of the Insh Team, by the Captain of the American Team, as @ siight token Of respect.”” Among other sb oad received by Mayor Leech is a baudsome adge, presented by the American Rifle Associa- tion, itconsists of abar in frosted gold, from which is pendant two massive chains, supporting In the centre two crossed rifles, entwined by American and English Mugs crossed and supported on an elegantly wrought shell in bur- nishea gold. From this again the chains drop and support a beautiiul imitation, in silver and silver gilt, of a metal cartridge and conical bullet. Around the case of the cart- ridge 1s embossed in raised work, sprigs of laurel and berries, The whole forms a beautiful and peculiarly appropriate present, In speaking of the press Major Leech spoke most Nighiy of the manner in which the newspapers are conducted and of the general accuracy oi the accounts pub- lished of the Creedmoor proceedings. He com- pared them with those pubiished im the Irish Hoople and animadverted upon the omission they ad made in not publishing any notice of the prizes and badges presented by himself in his ofictal capacity for competition at Creedmoor, apd which was, as it were, a part of the proceed- ings. In terminating the conversation Major Leech said ne should ever remember with the highest delight his visit to America, and should always have a warm w ie for every American, Major Leech’s Letter. Since this interview the captain of the Irish Team has sent to the HERALD the following letter:— FIFTH AVENUE Horst, New York, Nov. 15, 1874, To THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD:— My {riends who accompanied me to America, where we arrived on the 16th of September last, Nave returned to Europe, and I myself hope to anil in a day or two. Before I leave your hospitable shores let me re- guest your Kind ‘permission to offer, through the ERALD, to the American people, our warm ac- knowledgments, both for the hearty welcome with which we were greeted on our arrival and for the great attention and hospitality shown to us during our mand im New York and in every other part of your noble country which we have visited. We shail always bear in mind our trip to America im 1874, and ever remember with pride 4nd pieas- ure that we have made the acquaintance—may I Not rather say friendship—of many of your citi- gens, With whom we conaider it an honor to have ‘been associa’ nD ced? Believing, as I do, that the citizens of America and Great Britain cannot be too closely drawn to- ether, 1 may venture to h pe that this visit may lead to other meetings of a like kind between the two nations. Nor can I omit to notice the ud) ai refer- ences to our proceedings, which have been singu- larly accurate as regards facts and too generous in their criticism; they have overlooked our short- comings, accepting our expressed desire todo honor to the Americans by shooting aaingle match with them. I trust, sir, that next year it may be my happi- ness to unite with others in honoring our friends from America on the occasion of their visit to Ire- lapd in June, 1876. The eager anticipation with ‘which we ail look forward to that meeting ts the best measure of the hearty gratitude with which ‘we now say farewell. Thave the honor to remain, str, Pha Ma f faith- fal and obliged, ARTHUR 'B. LEECH, vernational Team of Irish Ridemen, A FEW INMAN STEAMER, Captain the Liverpool Courier, Oct. 29.] On’ jay Uhere was launched trom the build- ing yard of Messrs. Caird & Co., Greenock, @ magnificent screw steamer for the Inman Tran atlantic Line, The new steamer, which wi named City of Berlin by Mrs. Threilail, perha} with the exception of the Great Eastern, the largest merchant vessel afloat, her dimensions being a8 follows:—Length over all, 510 ft, 6 in.; ane, of keel and fore rake, 476 ft. 6 In, ; length on load water line, 473 {t. 3 in.; breadth (mouided), 4 ft.; depth to spar deck, 36 ft, 334 in. ; gross regis- ter tonnage, 6,000 tons, The launch of such a vessel naturally attracted much interest in Greenock and district, and as the day was fine, a very large concourse Of spectators assemblea to witness the floating of this sea gotng palace. Inside the build- ing ya was accommodated a numerous company of Glte of the district, a large piatform having | qbout flity ‘eet longer than the Chester. been erected at the bow of the ship for their spe- clai accommodation. The ship will be sophiied two direct acting high and low pressure compound condensing engines of 1, horse pers: the cylinders being 72 and 120 inches, he also have twelve Dollers, with thirty-six furnaces. Shortly before noon, everything being in readi- ness, the order waa given, ‘Down daggers,” and 80 sensitively had the ship’s declivity been pitched that on the first blow of the bammer the yseel began slowly to move and gradually gathering ‘‘way” aa she proceeded, gracefully entered the water, amid the exuiting cheers of the spectators, The weight of the vessel as she lay on the blocks was about 3,000 tons, being equal to ye 24 tons of pressure to the square foot on the “ways.” After entering the water the City of Berlin Was taken in tow by four steamers and brought to Victoria Harbor. Accom- modation will be provided on board the City of Berlin for 202 first class passengers and 1,500 emt- grants. It is expected that she will be ready to take ber station early in the ensuing year. Thisis the second large steamer built by Messrs. Caird & Co, tor the Inman Company, the preceding ship being the City of Chester. The City of Berlin ts The Ber- ccommo- jin_will be ship-rigged and her internal hemaive descrivtions dation will be of the most complete and compre- { i ne a eae a i i NOVEMBER 16, I874.-TRIPLE SHEET. NEW BOOKS. Philosophy, Mythology, Nature and Legend. MANLY BEAUTY AND STRENGTH. BIOGRAPHICAL, Exe Hurcaxgon TO MAMIL- Robert Tox ScortisH DELLOOIPRE, Fox “By James WeCost, LL.D D. D. Carter & Brothers, Whatever the learned President of the College of New Jersey undertakes 1s pretty sure to be well and fattbfally executed. Scholars have long wanted just such a compilation s3 this large volume of over four hundred pages contains, and will hereafter save themselves the trouble of look- tng over a whole aloove to get at the history of Scotch philosophy and their theories of motive and action. Dr. McCosh is a very careful student, giving to the work in hand that patient labor which is always a mystery to Americans, and spending time enough to do weli and thoroughly whatever he sets himself to accomplish. He is peculiarly fitted for this task, oetng himself a Scotchman, and, as he says in his preface, “in thorough sympatny with the characteristic senti- ments of my native land.” We have so long Listened to the forms of philosophy represented by Coleridge, Kant, Cousin, Hegel and Comte that we are more than half inclined to a materialistic paychology. Asan offset to this Dr. McCosh lays before us a succinct account of the greatest Scotch thinkers, with enough of their pecultarities to en- able us to understand their theories, for which every student will give him thanks. The man, he tells us, who exercised the largest infuence over the Scottish mind was Lord Shaftesbury, the grandson of the Lord Chancellor, who was the friend of Locke. His first fruits are to be found, notin Carmichael, who has been re- warded as the founder of the Scottish school, but im Brancis Hutcheson, He then runs through the progress of thought from the beginning of the eighteenth century to ourown day. Altogether, the book is a valuable contribution to the sturdier kind of American Itterature. {t is written In a spirit of fairnesa which will at once commend tt to the student, and it is invaiuable as a book of reference, NIMROD OF THE SKA; OR, THE AMERICAN WHALE MAN. By Wiillam M. Davis. Harper & Brothers. Tals is @ book which will have many readers, It ig written in a pleasant, conversational style, and on @ subject which is always attractive. It tracea the history of our whale fishery irom “ye th day of ye 4th month, 1672,” which was a memo- rable day in the annals of Nantucket, to the pres- 4 ent time, and gives a very readable account of pergonal adventure during a four years’ cruise in the Pacific. It has the taste of salt water all through tt, and its comments on sailors and their life is not only amusing tut insiructive. The au- thor gives a thorouzhly characteristic anecdote of & sailor's dream of wealth and its priviieges in the following word: “When that port is made, and I,am safely an- chored, and rich, and ali that kind of thing, and can do as I please, | am goin’ to ship a bosin-mate from tne biggest seventy-fourin Uncle Sam’s blessed navy, and I'll give hima silver call. and his duty shall be to pipe all hands at eight belis (four A. M.) in the morning, and to rap a handspike ag’in the mahogany (inlaid with whale ivory) aocorof my stateroom, and rouse me out with, ‘Starbo-a-r-d watch, a-n-o-y—oy!’ Then I'll sing out, ‘Watch be blowed!’ and goto sleep again. What's the gain of bein’ rich if you can’t biow the starboard watch at eight bells?” His treatment of the land sharks which infest every seaport and rob the unwary sailor is very severe and very just, and his plea for a larger sym- pathy toward our mercantile marine istimely. The story is interspersed with anecdotes of the sperm whale, such as his means of communication with his fellows, though they may be miles away when he 1s struck, and with yarns which are spun in the forecastle, and with the vartous incidents of a four years’ trip, which make the nook exceedingly Pleasant reading, while at the same time it gives moch valuable information, Tue MUTINY OF THE Bounty. By J. Barrow, F. R.S. London: William Tegg. Tue HIsTORY OF A SHIP FROM HER CRADLE TO Hgr Gravz. William Tegg & Co., London. Both o1 these volumes run in the tine of thought indicated by the preceding critique. The first contains a detailed account of the mutiny on board the Bounty, with which our readers nave been more or less familiar for years. It is very well written, however, and gives a faithful picture of the Sandwich Islandsin the days of Captain Cook. The accountof an attempt of the savages t board and capture the vessel is well told, as is also the story of the unheard-of sufferings of Lieu- tenant Bligh and his seventeen companions in the voyage of over 4,000 miles in anopen boat. The book is illustrated, and will repay perusal, The second is a handbook for young people, giving them the name of every kind of vessel and of every rope and tine on a fall rigged ship. It would not be amiss for some of our amateur yachtsmen, who have not yet learned to command their own cratt, to make @ private study of this volume. Our Corinthian salts, who put their lives in peril amid the currents and biasta of Southwest Spit or venture beyond the point of the Hook in moderate weather will derive great benefit from a caretul perasalof this work. It will be found invaluable by all who are taking their first draught of salt water. PRAIRIE AND Forgst. By Parker Gillmore. Harper & Brothers. ‘his is an unusually readable book of travels in search of pleasure and sport. Mr. Gilimore seems to have had pienty of leisure on bis hands, which he employed in loitering from ope part of the planet to another, with his trout rod and his gun. He did not shoot or fish as an all absorbing busi- ness, bat enjoyed to his full the magnificent scenery through whick he passed, and a descrip- tion of which he gives inthis volume, If one has any love for the single handed rod or the rifle he will be refreshed, after a hard day’s work in Wall street or in the office, by taking up this book and running over the exploits of its author in the woods of Maine andin the heart of the Rocky Mountains. Tne following extract contains a fine picture in a worthy frame, and wili give an idea of Mr, Gulmore’s way of telling a story :— But look there! what is that? <A distant cloud of dust, Buffalo fora thousand, and advancing toward where the hunters are stationed. How 1s the wind? is inquired. One wets his finger with Dis saitva and hoids it up. In & few moments the position is declared untenable, and both, vaulting on their horses, hurry off to get more to leeward, availing themselves of a swell in the prairie to keep perdu. Having marked well the direction in which the herd is advancing, keeping as muca out of sight as possible, scarcely speaking & word, and then not louder than a-whisper, the distance between the hunters and game is rapidly dimin- ished, From the nature of the ground no longer bid, so taking their forward they dash, a Strides what 8 sight 1s before them! Cows, bulis and caives, all inter- mingled, forming @ straggling drove of thousands, heading in the same direction and feeding as they progress. Uccasionally this harmony of action is disturbed. Two ragged, clumsy looking, veteran bulls approach each other; perhaps they have been former rivals for some dusky-hided beauty’s jJavors, With a deep bellow one throws down the gauntlet, which the other is not loath to take u) and, with fire flashing from their partially hi eyes, each rushes at the other. But the herd have become alarmed—a foe equally dreaded by both buils is at hand, Their renoconire will brook delay to be settled at # future date; and, with a startied stare and toss oi the bead, both turn and rush of alter the herd, which is already making a most hurried stampede. However, when the hunters are oid hands the bulis might have saved themselves the trouble; wile youn; cow beef is to be obtained, none but the vertes' novice would think of wasting ammunition on their rough and ragged old carcasses, No time 1s now to be lost. These wnimals, unwieldy as they may sopeae: for @ mile or 40 are wonderiul frond, swift, and, if they should gain rough will beat an indifferent horse, Sitting well down in their saddles, nags in @t @ grass country speed, both posh tor the and squarest looking cows they can mark. The pace com- mences to tell; the distance that separates sports- men from quarry is rapidly diminishing—a few strides more, and one ranges alongside; the heavy pistol, which nas till now been secure in the holster, ts taken in the right hand, its barrel depressed; low down, | and’ eight or tem inenes behind the shoulder, is the spot, if shooting forward. A put of smoke lowed by a report, The coup grace baa adguniatared by @ master hayd, way to the heart of the reader. A time not 80 Again port arms; still the quarry retains her ext is alre: that surel poor creasure y ebepey demise: 80 Stop, let the poor eee peace; aggravate her last MANUAL oF OLOGY. lurrey. Serib- ner, Weilfc Poe araattone fie* é ‘This is @ Onely printed and illustrated volume, The student will Ond it invaluable as a book of , Teference, as it has a very carefully prepared in- dex; and the general reader who wishes to know Something of the religious ideas and customs of the olden time, when the world was young. wil find in it a succinct and yet clear account of the fabled gods which once made the people trembie, Iv 1s & more complete work on mythology than we have seen for a long while. Besides a sufficiently fail account of the deities who sat on the clouds and tooked down upon the streets of Athens or made it thander on the top of Olympus, the author goes over the same ground in the historic develop- ment of the Norsemen, the Germans, the Hindoos and the Egyptians, He has done his work faith- fully and produced @ boox for the drawing room tavie as well as the shelves of the study. STRENGTH AND BEravTy—Discussions for You Men. By Mark Hopkins, D. D. Doda & Mead. © Whatever Mark Hopkins—Mark, the perfect man, ag he is sometimes called—writes ‘s worth reading. He is always successful in winning his You see at once that the book was not written simply to sell, but was the product of an earnest desire to say some- thing that will help. it bas no preface, but the name of the author is better than any preface. It 1g not necessary that he should tell us before we begin to read what he proposes to give us in the way of an intellectual banquet, for when we see his name on the title page we know what kind of food will fill the table. The book is a good one and should be read by every young manin New York. Bopy AND Minp, By Henry Maudsley, M.D. D. Appleton & Co, HEALTH AND EDUCATION. By Rev. Charles Kings “ley, F.L. S., F. GS. D. Appleton & Co. The subject of physical and the connection be- tween the mind and the body has a pecultar inter-! est for the American people. The outcropping of Dew diseases, having their root in the fashions of the day, orin some of the known defects of our National life, has startled us to the degree of ine vestigation if not of remedy. If we are to die we have the curiosity to know the name and nature of the epidemic that is to carry us off, Mr. Mandsley’s volume is a somewhat scientific treat ment of the evils which beset our social life. He presumes a degree of knowledge on the part of the reader which is not often realized, His leo tures were delivered before the Royal College of Physicians of London, and are @ Uttle heavily laden for the general reader. The book is, how- ever, @ valuable contribution to our health litera~ ture, and cannot fail to produce a gooa effect. His utterances on the important but much neg- lected topic of hereditary diseases, of mind and body, are especially clear and forcible. ‘ The volume of Charles Kingsley is unique and interesting. Its style is clear as the ringing of @ bell and the conspicuous absence of technicak, terms adds & fascination not to be resisted. Hi has a mighty faith in good digestion, and rega: the stomach as the throne of vitality. Neither man’s theology nor bis disposition are good so} longs as dyspepsia lurks in his system. ‘If yot will look,” he says, “at eminent lawyers ani famous orators who have attained a healthy o! age, you will see that in every case they are me! like the late Lord Palmerston and others whom could mention, of remarkable size, not merely the upper, but in the lower part of the chest. The primary conditions of greatness, as well as bappiness, are a large chest and a powerful stom- ach. Disease 1s in many instances a crime, an health is always a duty. The book is very reada; bie, and addresses ttself to all classes in the com: munity. It comes from the press like a bracing, north wind, which makes one feel like taking ¢ loug breath and a long walk. LITERARY CHIT-CHAT. pee Se Scribner & Co, will publish ‘English Portraits, by the famous French critic, Sainte-Beuve, Karl Elze’s essays on Shakespeare will bj Drought out in Boston by James R. Osgood & Co. A posthumous work of Sir Henry Bulwer (Lor Dalling) entitled “Sir Robert Peel, an Histori: Sketch,” has appeared in London, Protessor John Ruskin now lectures twice Week at Oxford to audiences of 600 persons. Mr. Swinburne prints a poem in memory Barrv Cornwall, of which the following is the be: stanza :— In the gar of Death, where the singers, wh names are deathless, One with another make music anheard of me: Where the aead, sweet roses iade not of lips lou breathies: And the faireyes shine that shall weep not change again. Who comes new-crowned with the blossom snow-white years? ‘Wnat music 1s thia that the world of the dead mi ears' Professor Zeller’s interesting memoir of Stra has been brought out in an English transiation. Asa check upon unwholesome legislation coi mend us to @ little book styled “The Ayes ai Noes of 1874; or, Parliamentary Test-Book,’’ a ia‘ London publication. What publisher wiil do tl same for Congress ? Jean Ingelow’s new novel will be entiti “Fated To Be Free.” The Revista de Espafia has entered its fortte volume, and is full of capable criticism and 1n! esting historical and literary matter. Harper & Bros, have in press Sir Henry Main “Early History of Institations” and Isabella Bir “Six Months in toe Sandwich Islands.” Porter & Coates announce for publication & bor on the “Morals of Trade,” by Herbert Spencer. A Ife of Kev. Dr. Gannett, of Boston, by his will be published by Roberts Bros. M. Ado!phe Belot’s new novel, “Héléne et thilde,” deals with the French war. Like all rest of the novels of its now famous author, it story of love, sorrow and despair. Miss Anna Blackwell, sister of Doctors Elizal and Emily Blackwell, will bring out in Londo: translation of the works of Allan Kardec on S; itualism. Comte de Franqueville, of the French Counc! State, 1a engaged on a work in four volumes “Public Works in England.” The Russian Geographical Society will soon pi Nish a “Complete Geographical Dictionary of Ce tral Asia,” which will include Khiva, Bol Khokand, &c. The rew public library founded by the Vice: of Egypt is intended to assemble all the treas of the ancient Arabic literature now scattei throughout that country. It has already secu: more than thirty very precious manuscript cop! of the Koran, writven on vellum, » The library of the British Museum purenased| less than 3,415 manuscripts last year. Am them was a curious treatise in French on the Hy Sacrament, composed by King Edward VL, England, in 1549, and written in nis own hand. The London Ballad Society's next issue be the “Essex Ballads,” and wiil contain a m of highly curious Elizabethan poems about famous and unfortunate Ear: of Essex. MOBE HAYTIAN GUNBOATS, | Admirai Dejole, of the Haytian Navy, mate friend of Prestdent Domingue, has arrt this city on a special mission, viz., to superint the construction of two wooden gunboats for | Haytian Navy of about 600 tons burden e The bids for the construction of the boats in qi tion are to be opened at the office of Mr. Bokkelen, Consul General of Hayti, on the inst. The Haytian Navy at the present mom| possesses two gunboats, on boara of which « ral Americans are employed. The new boi so ve constructed, so Admiral Dejoie rm! ee ali possible despatch.” Hayti having lately country it ts considered poss are to be used for poli Haytian waters, w it is also surmised that uano (sland of Navassa, lying off the coast, eld by Americar citizens, 18 Lae cause OL the creased naval armament. Whatever t faring from her no: tells of “ ys an indication dle es may be it i tain that their ComaueneHas give employment to a iarge number of me and others,