The New York Herald Newspaper, April 25, 1874, Page 4

eee NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY. APRIL 25, 1874—TRIPLE SHERT. . # iy ge that of some of the lowe! ic clergymen, A tusely decked with lace, reac! and allowed about a finger’s breadth ot ti LIVINGSTONE’S LETTERS (The Explorer’s Correspondence {9 sppear, between ir and tn to the Herald. mnaln, Gata over with tamborine > SEER ‘Some Idea of the Slave Trade and Tis Attendant Evils.” Ee HF a8 | round the rims, Goid and silver bracelets of | precty Indian workmanship decked the arms, and | stones, graced every finger and each thumb. A | lady alone could describe the rich and rare attire; Help to Heal the Open | s0 Tieave tt, The only flaw in the getup was 8 | short hair, It 18 80 kept tor the convenience of Sore of the World.” | aryiog son: after the bath. ‘To our Northern eyes | it had @ tinge too much of the masculine. ‘THE CHIEF OF THE HAREM, While talking with this, the cmef lady of the harem. a second entered and periormed the cere- mony 0: braakil bread too, She was quite as gmayly dreased, al ject [orm and tailer than the chef lady. Her | Slort heir was Oued and smoothed down aud a tit- tle curl cultivated in front oi each ear, This was pleasantly feminine. She spoke ittie, out ner really resplendent eyes did all save talk. They were of & | brownish snade and lustrous, Like the ‘cen of Jeanie Deans, filied wi’ Noyes glanced like | Jamour beads.” (**Lamonr,’’ tics for amber.) | The iectures of Mr. Hancock, at Charing Cross Hospital, London, long ago, have made me look critically on eyes ever since. A third lady entered ani broke bread also. She was p'ain as compared with her sister houris, but the child of the chief maa of those parts, Her complexion was {air runette. {Village Life in Africa—Ihe Negro at the Birthplace of His Race. “PLAYING AT MISSIONARIES.” —_-+-- ‘What an Arab Prince Thinks ot the Ladies. ‘The American Press a Consolation Amidst Local Desolation. “ONLY THREE WIVES.” The Prince remarked that le had only three wives, though 3 rank eutitied him to twelve, ‘The moiher of the Prince had just besore this earn- estly begged a gentleman to remonstrate with him because he was rumng bimselt by devotion to three! A dark slave woman, dressed like but less | gaudily than her superiors, now entered with a | tray and tumblers of sweet sherbet, Having THE BLESSING OF A LONELY MAN. drank thereo!, flowers were presented, and then pest hut tor aber o head bo : Wiapped up enough ior @ quid m a lea The London and Scotch journals of the 10th and | ana handed it to each of us, und to please With of April, which reached New York by mail her we chewed a little. It is slightly bitter and astringent, and, like the Kola nut of West Africa, was probably introduced as a tonie and preventive o! fever. ‘Ihe lady suverior nixed hime with her own aud sisters’ good large quids. This made the saliva flow freely, and, it being of a brick-red color, stained their pretty teetn and lips, and by no means umproved their looks. It was the tashion, and to them nothing uncomely, when they squirted the red saliva quite artistically all over tue fluor, On asking the reason why the motuer took no lime in her quid, aud kept her teeth quite white, sne replied that the reason was she had beeo on a pilgrimage to Mecca and was a Hadjee, The whole scene of the visit was like a gorgeous picture, The ladies had tried to piease Us, abu Were tuoroughly successful. We were de- hgbted with the signt of the life ina harem; but, | Whether from want of wit or wisdom or something | else, L should still vote ior the one wile system. Having tried it for some eighteen years, I would | hot eXchange a monogamic harem, with some merry, taugting, noisy children, tor any polyga- wous gathering In Africa or the world, A PRIS It scarcely belongs to the picture, which I have attempted to draw as favorably as possible in order to show the supreme good for the sake of the possible attainment of which the half-custe Arabs perpetrate all the atrocities of tue siave trade; but a snort time ater this visit the Prince fed on bvard our steamer for protection trom creditors, yyesterday, publish tae iollowing important corre- spondence written by the lamented Livingstone g@ome short time previ.us fo his death. The editors preface the commu ication thus:—“Among Dr. |Lavingstone’s payers r ceived at the Foreign OMce twas found a letter, addressed to Mr. James Gordon (Bennett, the proprietor of the New York HERALD, ord Tenterden has iorwarded the letter to the don office of the New Yorge HERALD, and a copy Wtnhereof has been courteously sent to us by the {London manager.” Wivingstone’s Opinion of the Slave Trade—The Negro at Home. From UNYANYEMBS, Southeastern Africa, - April 9, 1872. } JAMES GORDON BENNETT, Esq. :— My Dear Sir—When endeavoring to give you some idea of the siave trade and its attendant yevils in this coun ry, it was necessary to keep ‘far within the truth in order not to be thousht guilty ol exaggeration. But in sober seriousness ‘the subject does not admit of being overdrawn. ‘Yo exaggerate its enormities is a simple impos- * a 5 He was misled by one calling himseif sibility, and the accounts given by Sir S. (Colonel Aoco, who Went about the world saying he Baker of the atrocious proceedings of the | was u persecuted Curistian, ‘White Nile slave traders taily eXactly with WAR. ‘At @ spot some elghuty miles southwest of the south end oi taugunyika stands the stockaded Village of the cuiet Chitumbwa. A war had commenced between @ party of Arabs, numvering 600 guns, and the chief of the district situated west of Cuitimbwa, while I was at the south ead oi the lake, The Arabs heating that an Englishman was in the country, naturally inquired Wuere he Was, and toe natives, tearing tiat mis- chiel Was intended, denied positively that they had ever seen him. They then strongly advised we to take rejuge On an imbabited island; but not ex- plaining their reasons, {am sorry to tink that 1 Suspected them o: a design to make me a prisoner, which they could easily have done vy removing the jmy own observations of the traffic in the hands wot the Arabs and hall-caste Portuguese further ‘south. The sights 1 have seen, though common incidents of the socalled trade, are so terribly nauseous that | always strive to drive them from memory; and, in cases of otuer disagreeable re- collections, can in time succeed im cousigning ‘them to oblivion. These siaving scenes, however, come back unidden and unwelcome, and some- ‘times make me start up at dead of night borrified ‘by their vividness. To some this may appear weak and unphilosophical, since it is alleged that oar aalors Leste oa. a mile bie of ered He “ wey aiterwards told me how nicely they ‘the whole human family has passed through | cheated the Arabs and saved me from hari. | slavery as oue Of the stages of develop- | GEOGRAPHY, ment from the lowest state of bestiality, | The end of the luke is im @ deepcup-shaped | y, with sides running sheer down at some parts 2,000 .eet into tue water. The rocks, of red clay schist, crop out among the syivan vegetation, and here and there pretty cascades leap down tne precipices, 1orming @ landscape oi surpassing beauty. Herds of elephants, puifaloes and ante- lopes enliven the scene, and, with the stockaded villages embowered iu palms diong the siores of | the peacetul water, realize the idea of Xeno- phon’s Paradise. When about to leave the Village of Mbette or Pambette, down there, and climb up the steep patu by which we had descended, the wile of the chief came forward ‘nd said to her husband and the crowd looking at | cking up our things, **Wny do you aliow this cannibalism, stone, bronze, iron ages. Idolatry and slavery, it is said, are portions of the aseend- ing education of mankind, The propagators of these Views have many iuteresting facts in their favor, and every eaucated man receives new facts iadly, though he may avt be able to explain them or reconcile them to other facts previously known, ‘He hopes that they may vet be proved to be por- tious of light from avove. One must admire: the industry of many ardent searchers after scientific truth—men really nodie in their life-long aims—~ us to:lowiny truth wherever that ma: lead; man to gouway? He will certainly tall into the and it, must be conceded that rea, Nanas of the Mazitn (here called Batuba), ana you 7 <S ccpiay at real know it and are silent.” On inquiry 1t appeared juvestigators are by no means bigoted. ‘certain that these marauders were then sctually plundering the villages up above the precti- pices at the foot of which we sat. We waited six days, and the villagers kept watch on an anr-hill outside tne stockade, all the time look: | 2 out. e . | ingup for the enemy. en we did at last mE wa Lp hen bea sigs pei sae See cnar- ascend we saw the weil known lines of march of | y on my part, bat I was so frequently asked when | the Mazitu—straight as arrows through tae couu- in Engiand, “Would these Alricans work tor one?” | Be baperered any Fe ape to lec native tid and “Yes, ifyou could pay them.” ‘This answer pro- | tt! the details or their plundering, Jor in this ‘case there was no bloodshed, We found that the reall duced such a paipabie lengtaening of visage that I) benevolent lady had possessed accarate informa. suspected my questioners had been speculating | tion. On going thence round the end o! the lake, lf our stupid human race still needs tne outrageous #cnooling of slavery and the slave’trade it is ina ‘bad way still, and one might almost vote for allow- . 7 as we came to the village of Karambo, at the conflu- on getting them to work for nothing—in | once of a large river, and the head man refased us fact, be slaveowners, I fear that a por- | q passage across, “Because,” said he, “the tion at least of the sympathy in England jor | Arabs have been fighting with the people west of us; and two of thelr people have since | been Killed, though only in searca of ivory. You | wisn to go round by the west of the lake, and the people may suppose that you are Arabs, and I dare not allow you torun the risk of being killed by what simple foik called the “Southern canse" was a lurking liking to be slaveowners vhemseves, One Englishman at least tried to put his theory of get- ting the inferior race to work for nothing into ps mistake.” On seeming to disbelieve, Karambo practice, He was brother toa member of Parlia- | drew his fluger across his throat and said, “i at ment tor @ large and rich constituency, and when , any time you discover that | have spoken falsely { his mother died she lett him £2,000. With this he | give you jeave to cut my throat.” That same bought a wagon and oxen at the Cape of Good aiternoon two Arab slaves came to the village in Hope, and an outst composed chiefly of papier search of ivory and confirmed every word Karambo | maéché snuff boxes, each of which had a look- | had spoken, ing-giass outside | and another inside the AN ARAB CAMP, lid; these, he concluded, were the “sinews Unable to go northwest we turned off to go due of war.” He made his wey to my mis- South 150 miles or so; then proceed west till past sion station, more than 1,000 miles inland, the disturbed district, and again resume our and then he ‘ound that bis sm id not Rorthing. But on going some sixty miles we even buy food. On asking the r suing heard that the Arab camp was twenty miles fur- {im that trash he replied that im reading a book of travels he saw that the natives were jond of peer- ing mto looking lasses and liked snuit, and he thought that he might obtain ivory in avundance for these luxuries. JI gathered irom his con- ‘Versation that he had even speculated on being made a chief He said that he knew a oung man who had so eculated and tuer south, and we went to hear the news. The reception was extremely kind, for this party con- s.sted of gentlemen from Zanzivar, and o1 a very different stamp irom the murderers we altei wards saw in Manyuema. They were afraid that the chiel with whom they had been fighting might flee southwards, and that ta golug that way I mucht fail into his hands, Being now recovered | could readily took it to be himself. We supported bim | believe them, and they, being eager ivory traders, for avout a couple of months, bur our stores Were as readily believed me when | asserted that a cone | fast drawing toaciose. We were thenrecently tinuance of hostilities meant shutting up the rvory | Ipark No one would like to seli chance of being shot, married, and the young housekeeper could not bear to appear inhospiiabie to a icilow country- if he stood a | Peace, therefore, wae to be | man. I relieved her by jeeling an inward call to | made; but the process of “mixing blood,” iorming visit another trive. “On!” said our dependant, “L | & matrimonial alliance with the chief's daughter, shail go too.” ‘You had better not,’ was the re- &c., required three and a half months, and during | piy, and no reason assigned. He civilly left some | long intervals of that time [ rematned at | scores of his snutf boxes, butI could never use Chitimbwa’s. The stockade was situated by them either. He trequentiy reiterated, “People a rivulet, and had a dense grove of high, think these blacks stupid and ignorant, but, by | damp-loving trees round a spring on one side, George, they would sell any Enghshman.” We | and open country, pretty well cultivated, on the surely have but few men of sucha silly type as | other, It was coid, and over 4,700 feet above | this, | the sea, with a good deal of iorest land and ranges A PRINCE'S OPINION OF THE LADIES. of hills in the distance. The Arabs were on the | T may now give an idea of the state of supreme | West side of the stockade, and one of Chitimbwa’s | Niiss tor the attainment of which all the atrocities | Wives\at once vacated her house on the east side | of the so-called Arabs are committed in Centrat | for my convenience. Chitimbwa was an elderly | Africa. In conversing with a half-caste Arab | Man, With gray hair and beard and of quiet, sell- | ‘prince he advanced tie opinion, which | believe is ssessed manners. He had five wives, and my generaltamong them, that all women were utterly | hut beimg one of the circle which their houses | Qad irretrivably bad. I admitted that some were | lormed, and often sat reading or writing outside, I no better than they should be, but the majority | had a good opportunity of seeing the domestic ilie were unmistakably good and trustworthy, He in- | in this Central African harem without ap- sisted that the reason why we English allowed our | pearing to be prying. Yhe chief wi the wives so much liberty was because we did not | mother of Chitmowa’s son and heir, was Know them so wel! as Arabs did. “No, no,” he | somewhat aged, but was the matron in ded, ‘No woman can be good, No Arab woman, | aurnority over the establishment. The rest were $s Eng! ish Woman can be goods All must be bad.’’ | young, with fine shaper, pleasant countenances ‘And then he praised his own and countrymen’s | and nothing of the West Coust Alrican about them. Wisdom and cunning in keeping their wives from | Three of them had each a child, making, with the seeing other men. A rough joke as to making \ eldest son, @ iamily of four children to Chitimbwa. themselves turnkeys, or, itke the inferior animals, | The matron seemed to reverence her husband, for balis over herds, turned the edge of his invectives, | when she saw him approaching ste invariably and he ended by an invitation to his harem, to | went out of the way and knelt down till be had show that he could be as liberal as the English. | passed. It was the time of year for planting and Captain S., of Her Majesty's corvette ——, accept- | weeding the plantations, and the regular routine €d the invitation aiso, to be made everlasting Iriends | Work Of all the families in the town was nearly as by eating bread with the Prince’s imprisoned | tollows:—Between three afd four o'clock in the ‘wives. ‘Ihe Prince’s mother, a stout lady of,abont | morning, when the howilng of the hyenas and ive, came first into the room where we sat | growling of the lions or leopards told that they had hergon. When young she must have been | spent the night fasting,the first human sounds heard very pretty, and she still retained many of her tor- | were those of the good wives knocking off the red mer good ks, She shook hands, inquired for our | coals from the ends of the sticks in the fire, and and, \o please us, sai TeWoald have bean more agreeable tor her wo squat | 8 mat rat on @ chair, though for warmth from tne cold, Which at this time 1s it. She then ed the captain i! he knew | the most intense ol the twenty-four hours. some ui, who formerly, a8 commodore, com- | Psang smoker lights Dis pide and makes the place s¢ation. It turned out that many | Ting with his nasty screaming, striaulous cough- ears before an mgiish ship was wrecked at the | Ing. Then the cocks begin to crow (about four ‘On Wiici sue lived, and this good lady had | A. M.) and the women cail to eaca other to make passengers into her house ready to march, They go off to their gardcns in the then ai teously. nd lodged The Admiral had | companies, and keep up @ brisk, joud conversa- called to thank ber, and gave her a written testi- | tion, with a view to Irighten away any lion or onial acknowiedg fer Kindness. She now | buffalo that may not yet bave retired, and for this Wished to write to for old acquaintance sake, | the human voice 18 beileved to be effivacious. aud the Captain promised to convey the letter. | The garde: or plantations, are usually a couple NATIVE BRAUTIES AT HOME. | of miles trom the village. Tnis 18 o.ten ior She di not seem to confirm her son’s low opin- | the purpose of securing safety of “he crops from theirown goats or cattie, but more frequently for the sake of the black, loamy soil hear the banks of rivulets. maize and dura (holeus sorghum), while ior @ small species 0} miliet, called mileza, they select a ton of women. A red cloth screen was lifted trom 4 door in iront of where we Ly Wood the Prince’s chief wie encered, in geous apparel, She came tas forward with a pretty ) apg and with a pleasant smilie ‘oul Neat little sweet- mor- atch in the forest which they manure by burning Cake, oT which we eacn , beKtine, frank | the branches of trevs, ‘The disvance which the address, and talked and looked just a6 a fair Eng- od wives willingly go to get the soil vest adapted lish lady does wishes her husband’s friends fo Jor different plants makes their arrival just about rfectiy at home. Her | , | dawn. Fire has been brought from home, and a Deantial jet-bi eyes riveted the attention ior | little pot is set on with beans or oulse—something rings of the game material, set with precious | ut eighteen years of age, ol per- | EIN DEBT. | raising up 4 blaze to which young and old crowded | ‘This they preier jor | 14 the whoie fro. each and little axe over ia shoulder tt once trees too hard to be hen low to cro: hing ha or 88 OVer anything havi the appearance 0! human workmanshy The wart hog nvinu a great weakness for ground nuts, otherwi-e called piguuts (Arachis hypogwa), must be circumvented by ®@ Series Of pitialis, or @ deep ditch and earthen dyke all round the nut plot, Many otner animal has made tree with the food of the family, papa carefully examines the trail of the imtruder, makes a deep pit‘all in tt, covers it care ully ove! and every day it 18 a most interesting matter to see whether the thief has been taken [vr the pot. The mother works a) vigorously with her hoe, often adding vew patches of virgin land to | that already under cultivation, e children | Relp by removing the weeds and grass which she has uprooted imto heaps to be dried and burned. They seem to know and watch every plant in the field, “it is all their own; no one 13 stinted as to the land he may cultivate; the more they plant the more they have to eat and tospare. In some parts o1 Airica the labor falls almost exclu- sively on tie women, and toe miles are represented a8 atrociously cruel to them. It was not so here, nor 18 1t so in Central Africa generally; indeed, the women have often decidedly the ujper hand. The clearances by law anu custom were the work of the men; the weeding was tie work of the whole family, and so was th> reaping. AN AGRICULTURAL SKETCH, When the grain is dry it is pounued in a large wooden mortar to separate scuies irom the Seed: a dexterous toss of the hand drives all the chaff to one corner of the vessel. Tnis 18 lifted out, and then the dust is tossed out by auother peculiar up and down half horizontal motion of the vessel—dificult to describe or do—which leaves the grain quite clean, It is then ground into fine meal by @ borizontal motion of the upper millstone, to which the whole weight is applied, and at each giroke tue four is shoved off the farther end of the hether millstone. ‘The tour is finished late in the aiternoon, at the time maidens go forth to draw water. The jad: poises a huge earthen pot on her head, fills it full at the rivulet, and though containing ten or twelve gallons, balances it on her head, anu witn- out luting up her hand, walks jauntily home. They have meat, but seidom make relishes tor the por- ridge, into which the flower is cooked of the leaves of certain wild and cultivated plants; or they roast some ground nuts, grind them fine and muke a curry, ‘they seek to know that only Matter sucn as the nuss contain is requisite to moduy their otherwise farinaceous food, and some even grind a handiul of castor oll nuts with the grain for the Same purpose. The hugvand having employed himself m the aiternoon in making mats (or sleeping On, in preparing skins ior cluih- | ing, or in making new handies for hoes, or cutting out wooden bowls, joins the family im tie evening and all partake abundantiy of the chicf Mest of the day beiore goiny off to sieep. Lney have considerable skill m agriculture and great shrewdness in selecting the soils proper lor different kinds 0; produce. When bishop Mackenzie witnessed their operations in the teld, he said to me, *“Wuen | was in England, and spoke in public meetings about our mission, {mentioned that among otner things that I mean to teach them agricuiture, but { vow see that the Airicans know a great deal wore than I do.” One of his associates, earnestly desiring to benefit the people to whom he was going, took lessons in vasket Making vefore ne leit Engiand, but the specunens | 01 native workmanship he met with everywhere ied him to conclude that he had better say vothing about his acquisition. In fact, he could “nut hold @ candle to them." | AFRICAN VILLAGE LIFE. | The following is as fair an example of every day life or the majority oi the people in Central Airica as ican give—it as truly represents suriace life in an Airican village as the other case does the suriace condition in an Arab harem. In other paris the Reople appear to travellers in much worse light. ‘ne tribes lying more towards the east coast, who have been much visited by Arab slavers, are said to be in a state oi chronic warfare—the men always ready to rob and plunder and the women bres 4 ever cultivanng enough 01 iood for tue year, That is the condiwon to which all Arab slav- ing tends. Captain speke revealed a staie of sav- ageism and bratality in Uganda of which | nuve no experience. The murdering by wholesale of the cmet Mteza, or Mtesa, would not be tolerated among the tribes I have visited. The siaugnier of head men's daughters would, elsewhere tauo in Uganda, insure speedy assassination. 1 have no Teason to suppose that Speke was mistaken in his statement as to the numbers of women led away to execution, though the most intelligent of 20) #iganda Mteza sert that many were led away to become feild laborers, und one seen by Grant with hoe on her head seems to countenance the idea, But their statements are of smal! account, ascom- pared with those of Speke and Grant, tor they now allknow that cold blooded murder hike tiat of | Mteza is detested by all the civilized tribes, and they naturally wish to smooth tue matter over. The remedy open to all other tribes in Central Alrica is desertion. The tyrant soon finds himself powerless, his people have quietly removed tne other chiels, and never return, The tribes sub- jected by the Makoioio had hard times ofit, but nothing like the butchery of Mteza. A large body went orto the north. Another sent to Zette Telused to return, and absent with me to the snire Jor medicine, tor the chief did the same thing. When the chief died the tribe broke up and scat- tered. Mteza seems to be an unwhipped jool. We all know rich men who would have been mach | better iellows if they had ever got bloody noses and sound thrashings at school. The 200 of his eople ‘here have been detained many months and ave become thoroughly usea to the country, but not one o1 tiem wishes to remain. ‘Bhe apparent willingness to be trampled in the dust by Mteza is surprising. CHARACTER OF THE NEGRO. The whole of my experience in Central Africa says that the negroes, not yet spoiled by contact with the slave trade, are distinguished for trtend- liness and good sound sense, some can be guilty ol great wickedness, and seem to think li'tle about it; others perform actions as unmistably | good with no great seli-complacency; and if one catalogued all tne good deeds or ail the bad ones he came across he might think the men extremeiy good or excessively bad, instead of calling them, lke ourselves, curious compounds o: good and evil, Inone point they are remarkaole—they are honest, Even among the cannibal Manyueina @ slave trader at Bambarre and I had to send our goats and Jowls up to the Manyuema village to prevent their being all stolen by my friends’ own slaves, Another widespread trait oi character 1s a trusting disposition. The Central Alrican tribes are the antipodes to some of the North American Indians, and very unlike many of their own coun- trymeu who have come into contact with Mobam- medaos and Portuguese and Dutch Christians. They at once perceive the superiority of the strangers in power of mischief, and readily listen to ane ponder over friendly advice. Alter the cruel massacre of Nyangue—which | unfortunate, Witnessed, lourteen ciiieis, whose villages nad been destroyed and many oi them killed, fed to my house aha begged me to make peace for them With the Arabs, and then come over to their side of the river Lualaba, divide their country anew and point out were. cach snould build a new village and Cultivate other plantations. The peace was easily made, jor the Arabs had no excuse for their senseless murders, and each blamed the other for the guilt, Both parties me to remain at the peace making ceremonies, and, had I not known the African trusting disposition, might have set down the pa- tive appeal to great personal influence. All [had in my javor was commun decency and fairness of behaviour, and perhaps a littie credit tor goodness awarded by the Zanzibar slaves. ‘The Manyueme | could easily see that the Arab reiigion was dis- joined from morality. Their immorality in fact as alWays proved an effectual barrier to the spread of islam 1n Eastern asrica. PLAYING AT SISSIONARIES, It is a sad pity that our good “Hisnop of Central Alrica,” albeit ordained in Westminster Abbey, preierred tue advice Of a colonel ii the army to remain at Zanzibar, rather than proceed into his diocese and take advantage of the friendliness of the still unspoiled interior tribe to spread our faith, The Catholic missionaries latelysent from England to Maryland to convert the negroes might have obtained the advice of haif a dozen of army colonels to remain at New York, or even at London. But the answer, if they have any Irish blood in them, might have been, ‘“Také your advice and yourselves off to the battle of Dorking; we will fight our own fight.’ | The Venerable Archbishop of Baltimore tola these brethren that they would get “chills and fever,” but he did not add, “When you do get the shivers, | then take to your heels, my heartics,” When any of the missionaries at Zanzibar get “culls and | fever” they have @ nice pleasure trip in @ man-oF | war to the Seychelles Islands, The good | men deserve it, of course, and no _ one would grudge to save their precious lives. | But human nature is frail. Zanzibar is much | wore unhealthy than the mainiana, and the | government, by placing men-ol-war at ihe disposal of these brethren, though meaning to help them in their work, virtually aids them to keep out of | it. Some etgnt years have rolied on, and good, Christian people have contributed their money @0- nually tor Central Airica, and the Central Alrican diocese is occupied by the lora of allevi It 8 | With a sore heart J say it, but recent events have | shown that those who have so long been playing at being thissionaries and peeving across from the | sickly island to their diocese on the main land with telescopes migat have been turned to Jar better | account, | It ma seem hard to say so, hut sitting ap here | in Unyenyemve in weariness waiting for Mr. Stan- ley to aend men irom the coast, two (ull months?’ march, or 500 miles distant, and ali Central Attica benind me, the thought ‘wil rise up that the | Church of England and un ‘sities have, in in- | tention at least, provided the Gospel jor the per- ishing popalation, and why does it not come? It 1 might address those who hold back I should say, “Come on, brethren; you have uo idea how brat | you are till you try, The real heatnen who | waiting for you have many faults, but also much | that you can esteem and love.” The Arava never to that effect, a nice setting to a nice little | story about “another bear.’ He may have | seem an infant sold who had tne musfertune to cut its upper teeth belore the under, be- } cause it was called unlucky and likely to | brmg death into the family; but the general | declaration from an isolated iagt is ike the assar- juad with a spear begins to cat off all the ing the'grounds "All bushes also fall 10. his stare, S$ people now here as- | her | pressed | saw mothers selling their ofspring, nor have Lb | | though one authority made a broad statement , | tion of Frenchman who thought the as god seems to pepertial ts suicide in November we ‘who had | them on, trees along. the ig We moan that English thers ure no De than she Dears. ty Qfzo into other men labors you need secured, but you will feel awfully uncomfortable, even in heaven, till you have made abject spolo- gee your brethren who, like yourselves, are ‘ard bound. nw CHURCH DIFFICULTIES, Let no one under-estimate the diMculties that must be encountered in beginning @ mission in @ new country. The belt of forest that lies round the isiand near the coast of ir involved almost certain death to the brave pioneers who passed throngh to the highlands in the interior, without knowing that at a certain season it might be traversed in safety. But the London Missionar; Society braved it, at @ great loss in mei and money, and the result ts paeebaty suc cess, which men of minor pluck may weil envy. ‘This continent must be civilized trom within out wards, and the missionaries who will undertake the work must possess & deal ot the Robiu- son Crusoe spirit, Men felt perfectly wil ling to sacrifice everything, even their ives, for the sake oi the Gospel, beiore they leit home; but a8 in one gallant oificer’s case | witnessed, he tempted to despair on breaking the photograph of his wife! or feel it to be an excruciating hardship to be without sugar jor the tea. The boys who, on reading Captain Mayne Reid’s books, would like to be “castaways,” have the ring of the true mis- sionary metal, " WHITE TO THE HARVEST. Speke'was delighted with the central countries he passed through as most inviting for Christian missions—Karagwee, for instance, with the intel- ligent and friendly chief Rumanyiki (spelled by him Kumanika) abd Buganda (by Arabs called Uganda), with @ teeming and polite popuiation under the vain, cruel, but. {rendly Mtesa. ‘This chiel is. the first that the Arabs iiave attempted to convert in Eastern Airica, Ghamees-bin- Abdullah, avery good man lately killed here, taught Mtesa to read Suavell in Arab characters, and nis pupil gave him about 600 voung slaves and an enormous amount of ivory. Giamees was & Muscat Arab, and, like his class, was brave, bonor- able and really kind hearted, ‘The country born or mainlanders, being mostly of slave mothers, have, in general, neither honor, honesty, nor zeal. AS marauders they are energetic evough, and, like the interior Dutch boers of South Alrica, very brave, where the natives have no guns. few slaves are operated on, taught a few prayers irom the Koran in Arabic, inorder to be ‘clean’ as batchers tn slaughteriny animals for their mas- ters, aud are tien dressed in jong calico night- gowns and tight fitting cotton cave, ‘This is all the conversion that the system requires, and they become perverse liars and as unmitigated cow- | ardsas their masters. Their cress makes them all appear hke great coarse women in their night- gowns. When they come near danger the first thought of master and mau is who can run fastest. The gowns are al tucked up ready tor flight, and, | as poor Ghameésbin-Abauliah found with his eighty armed slaves, not a single bondman stands by his master. OLIMATE AND FRUITFULNESS OF SOIL, The whole of this upland region being between 8,500 and 4,000 feet atiove the sea is comparatively cold. Tne minimum temperature here ip the dry season (Our Winter) 1s irom 54 degrees to 62 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum 74 degrees, but it does | not promise entire immunity trom fever, Here i that lakes the place of our colds aud consump- tions, and is not so fatal if you are | not lazy or compelled to lead a sedentary lile, | The land is undulating, being, at the crests of | Twaveslow Hills, covered with bushes and trees, and sowing here and there rounded, outcropping masses of the light-gray granite, tae general rock of the country, At tne bottom of the troughs of the earthen billows, springs are numerous. ‘The grass 18 short, and cattie thrive on it and are abundant. Grasses, which in the hot lowlands attain a height of ve or six feet, here appear only one or two feet high. Wheat and rice are success- fully cultivated, and require only about turee | months to come to maturity. By following the Arab advice as to the proper seasons for cultiva- tion, @ missionary could soon reoder himself in- dependent of ioreign supplies. Coffee grows wiid in Karagew, and ts cultivate1 by the Manyusma. | bugar cane 18 cultivated everywhefe. When laid | up among the cannibals by irritable eating ulcers on the Jeet I had sugar cane pounded in the common country wooden mortar and the juice wrung out by the hands, When boiled thick it | served well as sugar; but I had no time | | to correct. the lateut acidity, and it soon | | spoiled, I had ontons and radishes in abundance, though the country is so hot and low lymg. The Arabs here have oranges, lemons, guavas, mangoes, pomegranates, pepows, sweetsops, onions, puup- | kins, watermelons, and some begin to grow tie | grape vine, 1 believe that ail European vegeta- bles would prosper it care were taken to select the | proper seasons for sowing and the seeds were | brought in rown paper parceis, hung up in the | | cabin of the suip and never exposed to the direct | | rays of the sun, or soldered ip tius or confined in | bo: All very clever contrivances for travellers’ | 0 nience ougat to be snunned. In general | | they are heavy, burdensome trash, whicn any one who has learned to use his eyes und ears fads to be intolerable nuisances. Tie only articles essen- | tially necessary tor a missionary of tne Kobinson | Crusoe type that strikes me at present are afew | light tools, a 1ew books, clothes, soap and shoes, I mention soap because | nave Dot met the plant | | with the ashes of which my wue made soap | in the South, Four suits of strong gray tweed | served me comfortably tor five years, and might have worn Jonger, ior I saw Arabs who bought them from my people Wearing theia long alter i | had discarded them. An energetic man, who | liked labor, would soon surround himseli with | comforts at & comparatively snail expense, and he would soon find tuat he nad expatriated himself for & noble and soul-satis.ying object. THE CURSE OF AFRICA. Having now been some six years out of the wo determined by their silence to impress me with the truth oi the adage, ‘*Uut o1 sight out of mina,” the dark sceues Oi the slave trade had a most dis- tressing and depressing influence. Tne power of | the Prince of Darkness seemed enormous. it was | only with @ heavy heart | said, “Tny king- | dom come!”? in’ one point of view tne | evils that brood over this beautiful coun- try are insuperable. When I dropped among | the Makololo atid others in tue Central region, I | Saw a lair prospect of the regeneration of Arica. | More could have been done in the Makololo country than was done by St. Patrick in ireland, | But t did not know taat L was surrounded by tne Portuguese slave trade—a blight like a curse from heaven that proved @ barrier to all improvement, Now 1am not s0 hopetul, I don’t know how tne wrong will become right. But the great and lov- ing Father of all knows, and He will do it accord- ing to His infinite wisdom, HERALD ENLIGHTENMENT AMIDST LOCAL DESOLA- | TION. A batch of NEW YoRK HERALD newspapers of | 1871 hus lately made che horizon clear up u little. | Commercial enterprise, 1t seems, is daily bringing peopie geographically remote into close connec- | tion. The tendency ol heathenism 1s towards isola- won, in the Madyaema country it keeps the in- habitants of one village apart froin every other, ex- cept, a3 was the case wita our remote ancestors, when they went to fight. The headmaa of a ham- Jet of haifa dozen houses walks unarmed round | Sol AE en with a long staff, carrying some po- tent charm on each end, and rejoicing in being called “Mologhwe,” chiet, or say, “ree and sov- ereign citizen,” and would be giad to see every | | other ruling ‘blockhead slain. When we got a ) guide to conduct us through tue deuse dark 1orests | that oiten lie between districts, he and others , | Went op cheery enough till’ within a few | miles 01 the next human habitations, and nothing | | { could induce them to go further for fear, they said, of being Killed and eaten, Kind.y inviting us to Jodge at their villages on our return, they de- parted homewards. Are their not vestiges of | similar heathenism that linger in the passport sya. | tem, in certain tarufs and even in religious sec- | tarian differences? Crochety Christians seem not to know that the followeis of Jesus, of whatever mame, are incoumparably si perior in morality to Moslems, Budd- nists, Brahmins or any otner pagans. Morbid zeal to appear impartial sometimes leads to the assertion that the morality of the Koran is | | nearly equal to that of the Gospel, 1t is conceded | that at one tine Mahomet actea as a rejormer in | | relation to idolatry; but tus orders to muruer | Christians are the “dead files in the apothecary’s | | ointment,” and even the Prophet was so ashamed ot | the immorai injunctions that be put the bianme | | on the Angel Gabriel, and his followers continue | todo the same. We are enjoined to be humbie, | | and without doubt tuere is reason for a sober | estimate of ourselves. Yet, look at the Suez Canal, | tne Pacific Ratiroad, the railways in India and Western Asia, the Mount Cems Tunnel, the pro- | posed Euphrates Railway and Canal of Panama; telegraphic lines everywhere, and steamships on | every sea—all the work oi Christians, and ali com- | bining to make the worid one. ‘ihe descendants of the Galileans are breaking down national preyu- dices faster wan could st, francis Xavier, or the most devoted proiessional mis- | sionaries, The iniuences brought to | bear by one nation on anottier, though sumecimes | for evil, are mainly tor good, The ireedom of the | | slaves of the United States must tell towards the | ! the deliverance ol pondsmen in Brazil, | and something must result of good to this trodden- down, scattered and peeled Alrica, 90 that it shail not always remain the waste place of the world, HOPE AND HONOR, | I look towards venevolent statesmen and the pablic press as more likely to stop this Kast Coast slave trade than any other agency, Statesmen have for many years sppeared to me as mission- | aries of the first water. Formerly! toon them to be what some silll consider them, as anxious oniy for piace and power; gentlemen, pernaps, but not overscrupulous as to tne means employed | to gain their own selfish ends. 1 ior. | bear mentioning the names of the living, but | circumstances ied to a more accurate knowledge | of several—the good Lord Palmerston, for instance, } who gave me a widely different impression. For | fourteen years le javored unweariedly at what ‘was really doing good on a large ' scale—the | suppressiun of tue siave trade on the Weat Voast oi Airica Tis climate has deprived me com- | pletely of ali taste ior politics; so 1 think J can | give an wunbiassed opinion that the great Evglish statesmen, of my fouowed as ticir chief aim the domg good on the large scale. Their unwearied toll, avd a | paren: 1nspt Lincoln for their goodness as long a8 | live. ‘the work of the Joint High Commission showg that America has statesmen of the same nobie ohart our race , and most of my !ricnus having apparently |, is argument, commenced yesterday. | lakes and st. Law: | to England tor a time at least, have | fur the a Christian course 0 Ph let the low c ho] to hoodwink each other, in nh plomasts rt, 8° to the dogs. It is refresh- the royal honors showered down on in recognition of his great work in Mr. Lincoln. Dare we call to remembrance that when English statesmen labored hard for the suppression of the slave trade on the West Coast of Alrica, they were often sorely thwartea by Southern pro-slavery men in possession of your governuent The Western slave le is happily finished, and now that you nave got rid of the incubus of slavery it is conudently hoped that the present holders of office will ald in per erepaing she infamous breaches of the common law of mankind that still darken this Eastern Coast. If the Khedive, with ms Lieutenant Baker, stops the Nile slave tramc, he will have fairly earned the titie of a beneiactor of humanity, All I can add in my loneliness 1s, may Heaven’s rich blessing come down on every one— American, English or Turk—who will help to heal the open sore of the world, CONGRESS. The Transportation Problem in the Senate. WINDOM EXPOUNDS. State Ownership of Rail Routes and Corporate Monopoly. Four Great Water Ways for Commerce. SENATE, Wasninaron, April 24, 1874, Mr. Epmunns, (rep.) of Vt., from the Judiciary Committee, reported, without amendment, the bill for the crea‘ion of a court for the adjudication and Gisposition of certain moneys received into the Treasury under an award made by the Tribunal of Arbitration, constituted by virtue of the first arti- cle of @ treaty concluded at Wastington, May 8, 1871, between the Unired States of America and the Queen of Great Britain. Mr. Edmunds said the bill was exactly the same as passed by the Senate last session, no amendmeuts whatever having been made by the committee. it was placed on tne calendar. Mr. JOHNSYON, (Ueu.) Of Va., reported from the District oj Columbia Committe the bill to repeal the portion o/ the act making appropriation tor the ayinent Of teachers im the public schools in the istrict of Columbia, Which authorized the District government to meg and collect a tax to refund the sum of $97,700 to the Treasury oi the United States. Placed on tue calendar, dhe Carr laid before the Senate a communtca- tion irom the secretary o: War, euciosing the drait of a bili in regard to jurisdiction of courts marual. Kelerred.vo the ommuitiee on Military Affairs. The Senate then proceeded to the consideration ol CA on the caiendar, and the loliowing were passed :— THE STAMP ACT. The Senate bitl amendatory of the act to provide internal revenue to support the government, to pay the interest on the public debt and jor other purposes, approved June 3u, 1864. ‘Tis bill provides Ubat uo legal docuwent or paper required by law to be Sstampea, Which was made, signed or issued in the Southern States prior to the 1st of July, 1865, stall be deemed or held as invalid and of no effect by reason 0: the iailure to impose thereon the required’ stamp. fur. STOCKTON, (dem.) of N. J., moved that when the Sengte adjourn to-day it be to meet on Mun- day next. Agreed to—Yeus 82, Lays Tl, The Senate bili to protect the timoer lands of the United Sta‘es government reservations and lands purchased by the United States was recom- luitted to tae Committee on Public Lands. THE RIGHTS OF POUR LO. Mr. STEVENSON, (dem.) fi Ky., introduced a bill to autaorize nations and tiibes of Ladiaus in their corporate capacity and individual members and ciuizens thereot to sue and be sued in the courts of the United States. Reierred to the Commitice on indian Adutrs, Mr. STEWART, (rep.) of Ney., mtroduced a bill to Prohibit national banks irom luaving money on money as securiiy and for otner purposes. Re- iJerred to the Committee on Finance. On motion 0: Mr. SawGENT, (rep.) of Cal., the vote by wiich the House bill to amend the twent; fiith section of the Comage act Of 1873 was ind niteiy postpoued # few days ago was reconsidered, aud the bill was piaced on the caiendar, It pro- | Vides that no Caarge shall hereatter be made .or | tue coinage of golu, und the charges lor separating gold aud sliver, when (hose Metais eXisi Logetuer, converting silver into trade doilurs, &c., shall be (xed irom time to time py tue Director of the | Mint, with the concurrence Ol the Secretary of the ‘Treasury, THE LOUISIANA BORE. The morning hour having expired the Senate resumed the consideration of the Louisiana Dill, and Mr. Merkimon, (dem.) of N. C., concluded | He denied | that the republican party Jost any votes by tue jailure of tue colored people in Louisiana to vote, | a» the people of that race never deciined to vote, | and would go any distance to do go, be it long or short. He said the republican party had acco n. plished its work and was now on the decline. He woula not say what party would succeed it; but | the day o1 that party was over. Mr. Davis, (dem.) of W. Ya.—Amen! (Laugbter.) Mr. MERRIMON argued that Mr. Mcknery was the Mr. EDMUNDs, (re),) of Vt, introduced, by re- quest, @ bill io provide for a commission upon the | subject of postal telegraphy, Referred to the Com- mittee on Post Offives and Post Koads, THE PROBLEM OF TRANSPORTATION. Mr. WixpoM, (rep.) of Minn,, presented the re- port of the Committee on Transportation Routes, and said:— Mr. Prxsipent—In submitting this report I deem it my duty to state, as briehy as the navure of the suvject wiil Permit, the conclusions and recommendations of the commiiiee and some ot the Jeading tacts and considera- tions upon which they are based. Whenever convenient Taal tase the liberty of employing, without iurther ac- knowiedgment, tue language of the report. Lhe committee do uot pretend 'to have treated the stject exhaustively. | Jt was hardly to be expected that a coinmitvee who were charged with tue duty of investigating and reporting upon @ transportation system embracing 70,0) miles of railway and 30,000 mies of water routes could, within the limited time at their command, do fall justice to ail of the important questions involved. WOK OF HU COMMOTTER. | The following is a brief ané of the princ!pal subjects which have especially commanded the attention of the | legally eiected Governor of Louisiana. j committee, and which, with others, are emuraced in their report:— Fira—ihe annual average price of wheat and corn uring the five yeurs, 1968 (0 LA72 inclusive. ut Chicago and Milwaukee and at points west of these cites, at Bur alo, Montreal, New York, St Louls, New Orleans and verjoul. Seomd-—The quantity ot grain received and shipped from all the lake ports and ports on the Ohio and Missis- | sippi rivers and ports on the Atlantic und Gult coasts | Third—the total shipments of grain to the states on | the Atlantic seaboard, the quantity distribused between the wesiern and easiern borders of these States; the total quantity consumed in the New England States, the Atianuec States south oj New Enylan ‘Guantity exported ; also the quantity of grain shipped to the Gulf States and the quantity exported from those States; the quantity exported to Cauads, and also from the Pacific coast to foreign countries. | Fourth—The shipments ot grain trom the West by the | ce River, by the lakes, Erie Canal | by the lakes to the east end of Lake brie thence by rail toward the seaboard, and by the al-rail lines from lake ports and interior ‘points in the rest to the East and to the south, and the quantity shipped south ward to the Miasisstppi River. #th—the average annuai freight charge from point to point are presented as follows:—From points on the Mississippi River to Chicago and Milwaukee, Chicago and buftalo, Chicago to Monireal by lake and’ St. Law- rence River and by rail, Chicago to New York by lake and o By lake and rail and by all rail; St. Louis to New Oriedns, New Urleans to Liverpool, New York to Liverpool and Montreal to Liverpool, ‘These averages have been deduced trom computations based upon the | quantity shipped und the average rates Wnich prevailed each month. Sizth—Great Britain being the principal grain tm ing country, very tui iniormation in regard to sou of her supply, te quantity received trom each country for thirteen Years, tne rates of treight trom each country period of ten years and the average rices in the Engish marke.s of wheat and corn im- ported trom each country during a period of thirteen years. | Seventh—Some general facts are presented in regard to | the commerce of the Pacitic coust. One of the most important branches of the work com- Manding the atieniion of the committee has been that of | the improvement and consiruction of water lines of | transport, Here the Senator enumerated those now in | ¢ anit those pro dvantages the comiittee examined. | senutor Window here detaited the scope of the in- | quiries of the investigating Committee In reierence to the practices of railway companies, and the theory that demands the management or railways by the govern- ment. Judging iro these details no investigation could have been more searching. .n these, asin allother | work ofthe committee, itwas hampered and embarrassed by the absence ot otticial data in reference to our internal commerce. He accounted for this lack of atten- tion to the conditions of our interstate trade by the con- Unuadnce of absorbing and exciting political lasues. he catises of excitement are being adjusted. economic Matters are coming into prominence Cognition. At ls now become apparent, said the Seuator, that certairf impediments are in the’ way of muernal commerce, and these ¢ tons affecting the Lransportation of industrial products, and the problem is “How shail cheaper and better fach- itles for transportation be provided ?" Senator Windom now recited the various methods that have been suggested for the solution of the problem. These, he said, are the engouragement of competition Among railways; Congressional regulation of transpor- tation; the acqusition by the government of property ty Tailways; and, lastly, by the Improvement of natural water Ways and the constriction of artificial ways. then consi these schemes one by one yand tollowe & very extensive line of argument down to sions’ reached by the committee, and embodied in its report, STATE OWNERSHIP. | _ Referring to the proposition tor the encouragement of | competition becween ri Bimator Wirkiom spoke of the failure of thi ills of tr | management in Gri he sai “tendency of the public acter. Lat coutmue 0 pur: i I; fect medye e experience our the only effectual remedy.’ é o own country accords with tat ot Gre osed to be constructed, into whose | | | | | ts are mainly in the condi- | | | ! ne | the eminent M, Guizot, ownership as | petition and there! aauee Lea counties and States have bony pied len themselves with debt in order to secure The resulis have not fulfilled the expectations, and way ‘ates, ctl this coun:ry is now unde! those phases.ot 11 monopoly, the climax ‘of witich has been reached in rifain. 5 reviewed Great B Here the Senator succinct! the history of railways in Great Britain and showed that the same motives that have worked tor evil there are how operating in our own railways, DEATH OF COMFETITION. From all these examples he argued’ that competition such as exists now is ually working out, and no ouside influences can ‘keep it alive. Of course, said Senator Windom, in such a country as this, wherein elective competition is the first period in the existence ot — and A we ‘ing such tent of terita! competition w: r countries, but it will amraredly die out ile oe rts his statement that competition already disappeared from the great railways of the East by showing thi ale Or boca eee ee rates, which they una: mously reduce when the waterways come into cv tition with them. ‘he history ‘of rallwaya everywhere poor that competition invariably ber ion. Hence the well known aphorism, “Ww! uation is possible compen aoe ts impossible.” Passing ‘on to the proposition for direct ulation of the railways act ot Congress, Mr. Windom ‘sald that it {s one of the most dimeult problems ever pre- sented to a Legislacure, He had no doubt, id, of power of Congress to make such a regulation, and he gave several illustrations of the neces- sity for reas to. posvess such ® wer, In every instance where the aitempt at regulation’ of fares and rates has been made {t has been unsuccessful, In States of our owa country and in Engfand the preration of the laws provided has been successfully evaded by railway corporations. Senator Windom’s concl: ‘on this subject were :— NLY REMEDY, THE 0} “While I am thoroughly convinced that the relief re- suited the matter ot’ cheap and ample commer. cilities ts not to be obtamed by any form of direct Sressional regulation ot rates fares, I am equally ‘well assured that many of the evils and abuses incidons to our prasent systems of transportation may be rem edied by this means, Hence it is, in my Jodgment a ‘shor utmost importance that some mie&ns shoul adopted ir uring accurate information ou which {ntelhgent action may based,'? e For this purpose Senator Windom recommends that a Bureau of Commerce shall be tormed in one of the e: ecutive departments, whose duty shall be to collect t and detailed information on the subject of our internal commerce. Having auaree the foregoing plans worth- leas to produce facilities in every way ample for trans. tion, the Senator sald that the only method to ob- in those (aciliiies is throuch competition, under gov- trol, a ODER EI CFOUEn ones er MEADS now provided: of transport than ar id such cheaper ies of fob este eit Alta ros ihe ‘uction of d cI r Droverhent and creation of waterroutsy) PY routes. Tn conclusion, Mr, Windom summarized the report ot the Senate committee, i Per with strong argument cr for the opening of the fo merce which the comumitt He w fee their \ 5a ee . nd the ood oan for their water a 18 Proftable to he United therefrom, should be States, Water communication is the cheapest that can be had,and it should be deveioped to its ex- tent. Finally he sketched several plans for the ratsing of the money to derray the expense of opening the pro; posed great water routes forcommerce, and denounced that morbid feeling of insecurity that would prevent en- france upon such a, vast scheme of internal improve, ment. The country is stagnated, but not on the verge of bankruptey, he salt, and it should be relieved of its stagnation ' and pushed onward to wealth ana Drosperity. Let us cease talking of inability to meat our obligations and go to work like men to increase our na- tional wealth and utilize our unmeasuradle resources and people will take care of the national honor. What we most need to-day is statesmausiip honest enough to stop all neediess expenditures, broad enough to recognize aad appreciate the present necessities and Possipie fuiure of the country and courageous enough to inaugurate and execute measures adequate vo its highest de velopment and prosperity. . Mr, SHERMAN, (rep.) of Ohio, moved that 1,000 extra copies of the report be printed. Referred to the Printing Committee. Mr. MORKILL, (rep.) of Me., called up the House bili to render available certain balances Of unex. pended appropriations ‘or the payment of bounty ie prize money to colored soldiers and sailors. ‘assed, 0 ‘The Carr laid before the Senate a communica- tion from the Secretary of the Treasury enclosil the report of Major George H. Ellioct on his tour inspeanna, of European lighthouses, . SARGENT, (rep.) Of Val, moved that 2,090 ex- tra copies be prin.ed, Relerred to the Printing Committee. The senate then, on motion of Mr. FLANAGAN, (rep.) of Texas, proceeded to the consideration of executive busines and, after @ short time, doors were reopened, and then the Senate ad- journed until Monda: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. WASHINGTON, April 24, 1874. The SPEAKER laid before the House a message from the President transmitting copies of all or- ders and correspondence tn relation to the troubles in Arkansas, in answer to a resolution of the House. Referred to tue Judiciary Committee, Mr. Swann, (dem.) of Ma., from the Committee on Appropriations, reported the Consular and Diplomatic Appropriation bill, Reierred to the Comittee of the Wiole. ‘Ths bill appropriates $3,347,304, including $150,000 for the survey of the boundary vetween the United States and the Brit- ish possessions, trom the Lake of the Woods to the suuwmit of the Rocky Muuutains, also including $1,929,519 to bay the claims of British subjects allowed by the Joint High Commission, THE GENERAL APPROPKIATION BILL. The House then went into vommittee of the Whole, Mr. Woodiord, of New York, in the cnair, on the Legislative, Executive and Judicial Ap- propriation bill MF. MELLISH, (Tep.) Of N. Y., rose to an explana- tion in-regard to recent statements of his financial views, and denied that he was an indationist. THE PRESIDENT CHARGED WITH IMPOSITION. A motion by Mr. O’BkiEN, (dem) of Md., to strike out the paragraph for the Bureaa ot Kda- cauioa, gave nse to a loug discussion, in the course of which Mr. Beck, (dem.) of Ky., branched oi into alusious to the finauce bill and its veto, declaring that the Comptrolier of the Curren tad misied the Presideut 10 regard to the $4,000, Oi National currency authorized but not issaed, by | Stating that it Was not taken, and leaving the im- pression that it was not called for, which was un- true, and all this in order that the $25,000,000 which was to be redistributed when the whole amount authorized was taken up might not be cailed for, but might be left wita tue Eastern banks. He (Mr. Beck) did not charge the Presi- dent with jalsehood in the matter, but the President had imposed upon tie country inadvertently, he admitted, by using language language -which led the people to inier that thig $1,000,000 had not been taken dp because 1¢ was not wanted. That was oue reason why he (Mr, Beck) objected to swelling up Oureaus that could not be relied upon to give correct information, Alter further discussion the motion to sirike out the paragraph tor the Bureau of Education was withdrawn by Mr. O'Brien, TRANSGRESSION OF THE FRANKING REPEAL. The usual} annual discussion over the appropria tions for the Agricultural Department occupied several hours. Mr. WARD, (rep.) of LiL, asserted that some of the departments were making use of official postage stamps to circulate the speeches of tiie members, and, on being pressed ior specifica- tions, he named the Comptroiler of the Currency as one oiicial who hud thus circulated speeches of several members of the Comunitiee on Banking and Currency. fe denounced it as favoritism, partiality, Wrong, and almost as a crime. Mr. KANDALL, (dem.) of Pa., stated that the sub- ject matter nad been iniormally called to the at tention of the Banking Committee. ‘The abuse consisted in the Comptroller of the Currency se: ing out speeches of some of the members o! the Banking Committee to various banks ana persons, but tue Comptroller had stated as a justification that the postage was no greater with the speech than it Would have been on the correspondence witnout it. A MemBER—The speech must have been very light. (Laugater.) Mr. WARD—The practice would involve favoritism, Mr. RANDALL—I believe that the speeches of moat of the members of the \Banking Committee were sent out in that way. AN AGGRIEVED MEMBER. Mr. MERRIAM, (rep.) of N. Y.—None of mine were. Mr. RANDALL—I believe it was the fault of the Comp se of the Currency at Knox), and } think with the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Ward) that the thing 1s all wrong. But that is not the first step in that direction, for enormous quanti- tes of seeds are sometimes sent out in the same Way through the Agricuitaral Department. ‘The committee, alter disposing ol fourteen pagea of tue bill und leaving only six pages undisposed ol, rose, Tne House then, at five o'clock, adjournea, OBITUARY, Professor John Phillips. The deatn of Professor John Phillips, long known | as one of the leading geologists of Great Britain, is announced. Mr. Phillips devoted @ long life to the study of geological science. The nephew of William Smith, the father, as he has been calle | of British geology, era from his cariiest years enjoyed javorable opportunities for the prosecttion of his studies in a branch of science to which his tastes as well as his surround- ings inclined iim, Since 1826 he has contributed | not fewer than sixty books and papers to the Wterature of geology, and some Of nis books are entitled (o yank a8 stamdards, As a meteorologist, Proiessor Puillips bas won constderabie distine~ tion, His “Turee Years’ Ooservations on Rain” is @ work well known to men of science. His genias sometimes took the form of invention, and sev= erai scientific instruments now in general use bear hig name. The late Professor was in 1858 and 1859 President of tue Gpoloyical Soctety; and im 1864 & similar honor was conferred upon tim. the British Association, Protessor Phithps ped reached bis seventy-fourtn year. MODERN EUROPEAN CIVILIZATION. ‘Last night the Rev. George W, Samson, Lsl.Da delivered a lecture in Plimpton Hall on the above suject, He spoke before a large audience thas was evidently in harmony with his views, It waa the conclu. | shown that the progress of civilization consists O two elements—material and spiritual Eng! under the influence of the Baconian philosop! redominates in the tormer, and Germany in utter. France unites both (deas, at least 30 thinks ‘The whote field of hist tor from the ninth to the nineteenth oentarh way ranged over, showing the rise and g at Britain io this | modern civilization now culminating