The New York Herald Newspaper, January 10, 1874, Page 4

4 NEW YORK ifERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STi.£ET. ———EEE JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AMUSEMENTS THiS AFTERNOON AND EVENING See woon's, MUS Broadway, corner Thirtieth street. YORK. aes P, Me, closes att P.M. AND OPERA HOUSE, venue and, Twenty-third street, HUMPTY BROAD. at 7:45P. M5 closes at 10:45 2. M. Fox. Matinee at 0 P.M. M, —STREETS OF NEW Matinee at2 P. M. Fret AVENUE THEATRE, Twomty-cighth strect and Broadway.—MAN AND WIFE, ee eee oes at4o0 P.M. SARATOGA, ats P. M.} sloses a¢ 11 F &. Harkins, Miss F. Davenport. MRS. CONWAY'S BROOKLYN THEATRE, Washington street, Brookiyn.—LIT!LE SUNSHINE, at $v. M; closes ati) P.M. Miss Lilian Conway. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway and Thirteenth street.—A MAN oF HONOR, at SP. M.> closes at 10:50. 3 ‘Mr. Lester Wallack, Miss Aunié Deland. Matinee at 1:30 P. M. BOOTH’S THEATRE, i Sixth avenue and Iwenty-third street —KIT; OR, THE AKKARDAS TRAVELLER, at 7:45 P. M.; closes at 10:30 te. Mr. F. S. Chanirad, Miss Bella Paceman. Matinee at Bas OLYMPIC THEATRE, eg jway. between Houton an leecker streets.— QABRIBL GhUS, a8 P. M,; closesatll P.M. Majilton- Raynor Family. Maunee 2p. M. BROOKLYN PARK THEATRE, gpPonite city, Hall, Brookivn JOH GARTH, at 2 P. pecloses at 5 P.M. HENRY IV, at8P.M.; HIDDEN WAND, at lO, M: closes at 11:30PM. Miss Annie Fir- min, Mr. John Jack. BOWERY THEATRE, i af Bowery.—DICK TURPIN, &c., at 2 P.M. PRENCH SPY ON HORSKBACK, at 8 P.M’; closes at 11 P.M. Miss Kate Fisher. GERMANIA THEATRE, Fourteenth stree.—GhAND DUCHESS, at 8 P. M. ; closes at ilo P.M. METROPOLITAN THEATRE, No, 585 Broadway —VANIETY ENTERTAINMENT, at TAO P.M; closes ai 10:80 P.M. Matinee at 2 P. M. NIBLO’S GARDEN, roadway, between Prince and Houston streets. — BOMeY JAFFieR JENKIN», at 8 P.M.; 1HE Be LLES ow TUR KITCHES, at 9 P. Ms closes at 10:30 P. M. Vowes Family, Mr. Letingwel. Maunee at2 P. M, STEINWAY HALL, Fourteenth street.—THOMAS’ CONCERT, at 2 P. M.; closes ag 4:30 YM. CHRISTMASIIDE CONCERT, at § PM; closes a0 10 P.M, TONY BASTOR’S OPERA HOUSE, No. Wi Bowery.—WAKIETY ENTERTAINMENT, at 8 P. MM , closes ac LL P.M. Matinee at 2:30 P. M. BRYANTS OPERA HOUSE, ‘Twenty third street, corner of Sixth avenui BULA IN BLACK, NEGKO MINSTRELSY, dc. ‘M., closes at OP M. Matinee at? P.M. LYRIC HALL Hoservoir square, Sixth avenue.—MR&S. JARLEY’S WAX HILDREN, at 4 P.M; closes até P.M. ROBINSON HALL. Sixteenth street.—THE PICCANINNIES, from London. Afernvon, at 3 Evening, at BAIN HALL, Jones street, corner Latayette place.—THE PIL- GRIM, at 5 PM. closes at 9:30 P.M. WITH SUPPLEM ENT. New Werk, Saturday, January 10, 1874. THE NEWS OF YESTERDAY. To-Days Shiite of the Herald. “CALEB CUSHING FOR CHIEP JUSTICE! a SATISFACTORY NOMINATIUN”—LEADING ARTICLE—Focrta Pace. A NEW HONOR POR MR. CALEB CUSHING AND A WORTHY NOMINATION TO THE CHIEF JUSTICESHIP! THE QUESTION OF RE- TRENCHMENT! GOVERNMENT AND THE RalLkROADS—Firra Pack. rae Bases UPON WHICH THE ATTORNEY GEN- ERAL OF THE UNITED STATES BUILT HIS CASE AGAINST THE VIRGINIUS AND OVERSLAUGHED THE WILL OF THE PEO- PLE! WHAT THE VESSEL'S CAPTAINS AND VARONA, THE INFORMER, TESTIFY TO—THIRD Paas. WAR VESSELS AT THE BROOKLYN YARD—A NEW SCHREYER—Tarmp Pace. THE FULL AND FEARFUL ATONEMENT POR MECHELLA’S HIDEOUS CRIME! HANGED BY THE NECK UNTIL DEAD! THE USUAL CLUMSINESS AND LAWLESS TORTURE OF THE DOUMED! HE QUIETLY SUBMITS— SIXTH PAGE. SUBVERTED SPAIN! THE VARLISTS AGAIN IN MUTION! A BATTLE IMMINENT! MINIS- TERIAL DECREES! CORTES DISSOLVED! CUBAN GRATULATIONS—FirtH Pace. THE FRENCH CRISIS! THE CABINET MINISTERS RESIGN! A VOTE OF CONFIDENCE FROM THE ASSEMBLY PROMISED TO-DAY: FRANCE AND THE POPE—Pirru Pace. ENGLISH HONORS TO THE ROYAL DEAD~IM- PORTANT GENERAL NEWS—PirTa Pace. 4 PROMINENT CUBAN REFUGEE ARRESTED IN HAVANA— FUGITIVE DOMINICAN EX- PRESIDENT AT ST. THOMAS—Frrrm Pace. ENORMOUS CLAIMS FOR LOSSES ON THE RIO GRANDE BORDER PRESENTED BY MEXI- CANS—THE AMERICAN SCHOOL SYSTEM IN VENEZUELA—Firte Pace. THE RIVER FLOODS! INTERRUPTIONS TO TRAVEL BY RAlL—Tewtu Pace. 4 HAYTIAN REVOLT ARRESIED BY THE Gov- ERNMENT! SEKIOCS ELECTION RIOTS FPEARED—Firtn Pace. POLYGAMY, THE SALARY GRAB AND ECON- OMY IN NATIONAL DEFENCE CON- SIDERED BY CONGRESS YESTERDAY: EULOGISTIC ADDRESSES—Trrep Pace. 4 “STAR'S” DOMESTIC — INFELICITTES: SMOKERS, ATTENTION GENERAL LEGAL BUSINESS—LAST YEAR'S CROP EXHIBIT— Eiouta Pace. THE COMING CENTENARY! PROGRESS OF THE BUILDING AND THE PROSPECIS OF FINAL SUUCESS—MR. GREEN'S MONTHLY FINANCIAL STATEMENT—Sixtn Pace. ANOTHER BROOKLYN DEFALCATION—THE CAPTIVE BURGLARS—ALDERMEN IN SE>- SION—TURF NUTES—DEVELOPING LIVE STOCK AT UTICA—E1ouru Pace. EVENTS AT THE AMERICAN AND FOREIGN MUNETARY CENTRES! A STRONG BOT- TOM IN WALL STREET—Nuwru Pace. Wastrxo Toxr—The prolonged, bitter and ‘ascless debate in Congress over the Salary Dill and back-pay grab. The anxiety to put themselves right with the country or to exense their conduct does not justify euch a waste of time, particularly when the financial affairs of the government, on ewpty Treseury and other important matters, require immediate consideration. Tex Boanp op Assistant ALpenmes are regularly at work again, minus, however, the republican members—a quorum of democrats remaining. The usual standing committees have been appointed by the accepted Presi- dent, and his Honor the Mayor is in active official communication with the body, Hence the work of municipal administration pro- growwes as usual at the City Hall, NEW YOKK HEKALD, SATUKDAY, JANUARY 10, 1874.-WITH SUPPLEMENT. Prance—Tho Political Situation. tinction. Hoe walked resotutely—<d¢fiantly—to Calee Gushing for Chtef Justiee—a | Justice the President has recognized the preas- Batisfactery Nomination. The nomination of Caleb Cushing as Chief Justice of the United States, in place of George H. Williams, withdrawn, was yesterday's sen- sation in Washington. It was « surprise to the Senate; it was doubtless a complete sur- prise to the leading republicams among the Conscript Fathers; it was a generalgurprise, « surprise even to the nominee himself, who, when informed of this new honor conferred upon him, was packing up his trunks in order to be off by the first steamer for England, on rowe for Spain. Yet this is a nomination which amply supplies the high soquire- ments demanded for the office. It is a nomination upon which the Senate may properly dispense with a reference to the Judiciary Committee, as in the cuse of Salmon P. Chase, and it is a nomination which will awaken no opposition from any quarter, but which will challenge the approval of intelli- gent men of all parties, and will be acceptable to all sections of the country. The office of Chiet Justice, from the organi- zation of the government under the constitu- tion of the United States, has been regarded as requiring a man to fill it, distinguished for his attainments and comprehensive experience in the law, for his sound judgment in his legal opinions and decisions, for his independence of parties and party influences, and for a broad and lofty appreciation of his great responsibili- ties. That Caleb Cushing in o remarkable degree possesses these qualifications no man conversant with his eventful public career— of the eventful period in our history of the last forty years—will undertake to deny. Within this period he has been many times a | appointment of Mr. Cushing the ides is en- member of the Massachusetts Legislature, a Justice in the Supreme Court of the State, a member of Congress, Commissioner to China, a General in the Mexican war, Attorney General of the United States, counsellor of the United States before the Geneva Tribunal, and, we may say, a confidential adviser at the White House upon many matters involving difficult questions of public law through several administrations down to the present time. In all these various positions he has acquitted himself with credit, and in most of them with marked success. He was but the other day chosen Minister to Spain and promptly confirmed, because of his ripe experience in and familiar knowledge of the principles, authorities, examples and bearings of international law, and because, of all available men, he was esteemed the best qualified to extricate Mr. Secretary Fish from his Spanish plications without a resort to the desperate; alternative of cutting the Gor- dian knot. ® Such is a brief outline of the public career of Caleb @ushing, reduced from the more ex- tended sketch which we published a week ago. But he has been no less remarkable for his quickness and perseverance as a student than for his untiring industry in all the public offices he has filled. He was a teacher of mathematics in ‘Old Harvard’’ before he was twenty years old; he was a successful lawyer at twenty-five; he was admitted by John Quincy Adams, his colleague in Con- gress thirty years ago, to be one of the most learned men in the House, and he proved himself one of its readiest and most powerful debaters. To Mr. Cishing belongs the honor of the first treaty between the United States and China; and thirty years later his pamphlet on the Treaty of Washington, in which he so mercilessly excoriated the English arbitrator, Lord Chief Justice Cockburn, is by many re- garded as our greatest success from the Geneva Tribunal. It shows at least that, although advanced to that period of life when most men need and seek repose from its cares, Mr. Cushing, with the advantages of his long experience, retuins much of the vigor and elasticity of a vigorous man of fifty summers. His superior qualifications, attainments and experience in the law are established and ad- mitted; his vigorous constitution in the seventy-fourth year of his age is conclusive evidence of a careful attention to the laws of health, such as temperance in all things and a systematic apportionment of the hours of labor and rest. A man to accomplish the work which this man has done and to maintain his strength withal must of necessity be not only systematically industrious, but a rigid disci- plinarian in everything. This, too, is a good possession for the Chiet Justice. Next, as to that rare quality of independence in reference to political parties and party influences, Mr. Cushing, as a public man, stands almost alone in his glory. He has been a whig, «a Tyler man, a democrat and '@ constitutional conservative; he was in the confidence of President Johnson, and he has become a prime favorite with General Grant. He has passed through all the degrees of our party creeds, from the American system of Henry Clay to the new dispensation of the fifteenth amendment. Having tried all par- ties, in order to prove that which is good, he appears to have settled in the happy hunting ground of “the powers that be,” not as a parti- san, but as a public servant. Best of all, like the patriotic Thiers, when made President of the French Republic, Mr. Cushing has reached that time of life when his highest ambition must be a faithful discharge of his public duty. In the fact that his nomination for Chief Justice has been submitted to the Senate we have the needful evidence of his acceptance of the office. He surrenders the mission to Spain to assume the robes of the Chief Justice. In his prompt confirmation for the one position he doubtless is confident, as he has reason to be, of a similar endorsement for the other. Hav- ing passed King David’s boundary of three- score years and ten, Dame Fortune showers those favors upon this no-party man usually accorded to a young, daring, dashing and popular party leader. But there were special reasons, it appears, operating with General Grant in favor of Mr. Cush- ing for Chief Justice which would not spply to » younger man. From our Wash- ington despatches on the subject it would ap- pear that the President has not relinquished the hope of promoting Mr. Williams to the head of the Supreme Bench, but that in the | tertained that after @ few years’ service he | may retire, and that then, with the removal of the objections to the advancement of the Attorney General he muy be safely renomi- uated as Chief Justice. We give this report for what it is worth. It will suffice for the present that Mr. Williams has withdrawn, and that in pominating Mz, Qushing for Chief ure of public opinion, and has fairly met ite demands Like Generdl Jackson, as we have aeon in many things, General Grant hes a will and a way of his own; bat we have seen, too, in some historical cases that when his course has been disclosed as adverse to public opin- jon be has gracefully retreated. For exam- ple, he undertook the annexation of the Re- public of Dominica, more familiarly known a6 St. Domingo. He became an enthusiast in the prosecution of this scheme; but when he found that our public opinion was against him he dropped the enterprise and bas left it to take care of itself. fo, in the case of Mr. Williams, the President has withdrawn him = from an untenable position in time to prevent the needless sacrifice of a trusted friend with the confidence of the Sen- |. ate. A President who turns such lessons of instruction to a good account may still, with a will of his own, be liable to embarrassing blunders; but there is still the hope of repair- ing them when he turns to listen to the warn- ings of the public press, the advice of the Sen- ate and the rising murmurs of an offended , Spain's Case for the Virginius. In another part of the Hznaxp we give the deposition of the Cuban informer who was produced by the Consul General of Spain in the case of the Virginius. This creature's statement is, perhaps, the strongest piece of evidence which the Spanish counsel made use of in disputing the original American na- tionality of the filibustering steamer. The rest of the Spanish evidence as to the ownership is hearsay. It would seem that the object of the Attorney General was not to decide the matter according to all the facts, but upon just as many statements as would give, while uncon- tradicted, a clear case to Spain. ‘Nothing appears to weaken the force of this testimony," says the Attorney General Truly, because nothing was allowed to weaken it. No one can blame the servants of the Spaniards for not producing Patterson, the registered owner. Yet the informer, the only direct witness who testified to the alleged purchase by the Cubans, does not know how much was paid for the Virginius, except that “it was in the neighborhood of fifteen thousand dollars.’’ He is equally hazy with reference to the regis- tered owner, Mr. Patterson, who certainly is & man, once seen and in such a connection, not likely to be forgotten. When asked if he met Mr. Patterson, on a certain occasion, the informer replied:—‘I remember the name, but I do not remember the person. I remem- ber that he was there from the name, but I cannot picture him to myself. I do not remember the man at all.” Wonderful lapse of memory! The Attorney General was, in- deed, easily satisfied when stuff of this kind and from such a tainted source could weigh against facts such as the register itself. The possibility of the vessel being chartered by the Cubans seems never to have been enter- tained. Tae Wr or Proressor Acassiz, published elsewhere, encourages the hope that there are yet men of brain and heart who ‘‘daur be poor for a’ that.’ The comparative poverty of Pitt and the absolute poverty of Marat are instances from very different modes of life in which the neglect to amass wealth under con- ditions favorable thereto is mentioned to the credit of the individuals. The great scientist fills as much space in the world’s memory as though he died a millionnaire, and no mere roller up of millions can ever hope for a tithe of his fame. Men of unself- ish aims in life are splendid objects when we want to point a particular moral, but we scarcely believe that one father in a thousand would point out the life and the testament of Professor Agassiz to his children in the hope that his example would be followed in every particular. The pure consciousness that life is only an opportunity for increasing the knowledge of our fellow beings is one that will never fit into the corporeal envelope of more than a very few in a whole age. The examples of the Jim Fisks are far more conta- gious. When, however, this age of hastening to be rich finds an example of the kind Profes- sor Agassiz furnishes it ghould be noted. Goop ror tHE Hovse Commrrrer on Ap- PROPEIATIONS.—The report comes from Wash- ington that this committee is terribly in earnest to cut down estimates and to reduce the expenditures of the government. It is said that the purpose is to make a reduction of forty per cent not only in the navy and civil service estimates but throughout those of the departments generally. This is good news. But it will require the committee to remain terribly in earnest to carry out its purpose. Every branch of the administration and a host of Treasury spoilers will resist the necessary reform. Stick to your object, gen- tlemen of the Committee on Appropriations. Tae Wasameron Moncmenr—Bunp Ur or Tzan Dowx ?—The Washington Monument, in its present unfinished condition at the national capital, has, for more than a quarter of @ century, been s burning shame and disgrace to the country. It is now proposed that Con- gress make sn appropriation for its rapid com- pletion. Let this be done without delay. Let the appropriation be placed at the disposition of honest and responsible men; or, rather than suffer its existence in its present shape for another quarter of century, let it be torn down and the site occupied as a Congressional cemetery. Tar Pos.ic Cris m Spars.—The Spanish Cortes has been dissolved by a Ministerial decree, which was issued in Madrid yeater- day. The government promises that elections for a new legislature will be held as soon as order is restored and the citizen franchise ren- dered really free in the country. Serrano thus condones the Pavia coup, and, to a cer- tain extent, accepts the position of head paci- ficator as the leader in a war against all Span- ish political extremists. Carlism appears to be very active. Don Carlos and General Elio have, we are assured, entered Santona at the head of considerable force. Bilbao is com- pletely surrounded by Carlist troops, and the royalists are preparing to give battle to the republicans. It looks as if the dull monotony of the Spanish political system were about to be relieved and something decisive in the line of # fixed government attempted. “Mruitons vou ‘No’ Dzrznce” is now the k Aipyad Fourueental ye una. Our news from France this morning is lively. It suggests a crisis, but the crisis is not yet What is to be the final result of the govern- ment defeat on Thursday it is difficult to say. At the request of Admiral Jaisset the Assembly edjourned until Monday, and, although there was excitement in the lobbies, no action was on the ministerial question. It fell to the lot of the President yesterday to per- form the ceremony of delivering the hats to the newly appointed French Cardinals. The speech was worthy of a good Catholic. ‘The Holy Father,"’ MacMahon says, ‘knows our filial attachment and our admiration at the manner in which he supports his trials.’ “His sympathies,” he adds, ‘were with us in our misfortunes, and ours aro now with him in hia” All this is woll enough ; but it leaves the French crisis unexplained and unsolved, while it encourages the belief that MacMahon is quite as anxious about tho Church as he is about the Republic. MacMahon is the man of the hour, and the Chief of the State occu- pies no easy chair. Ho represents an arrange- ment which is, after all, only a very unsatis- factory compromise. That he is where he is says much for his wisdom, bis common sense, his caution. MacMahon has good reason to be proud of the fame he has won and of the high position to which he hasattained. Butina great country like France compromises can only be regarded as ephemeral arrangements. They are not binding on the people, and they are not meant to be lasting. It is not wonderful, therefore, that signs of trouble begin to be re- vealed. Under the Empire the mayors of municipalities were appointed by the central government, not elected by the people. The MacMahon government, which is essentially monarchical in tone and tendency, seeks to preserve the old system. The republicans | wisely say that, under such a system, a republic is impossible. Think of Governor Dix having the right to appoint mayors to all the municipalities in the State of New York! Think of President Grant having the right to make such appointments over the entire Union! It is well for France to make a fight against this vile system. The defeat of the government on the mayoralty question con- vinces us that the republican sentiment, in spite of compromise arrangements and mo- narchical leanings, is still strong in France. The crisis, we are told, is not serious, but it is not safe to say that Gambetta may not at an early day appear on the surface of French politics. MacMahon’s weakness lies in the fact that he is not sufficiently ambitious. He seeks to serve others and too much forgets himself. He clings to the monarchy, but the king is not forthcoming. De Chambord de- clines and De Paris defers. If MacMahon in the circumstances cannot play the part of Cromwell or Napoleon he ought to give way to the Republic. 432,000 Years Before the Deluge. Mr. George Smith, notwithstanding his name, deserves to be called the most distin- guished historian who ever lived. Who was Herodotus, compared with the man who can go back in time some four hundred and thirty- two thousand years and fixin the most exact manner possible the schedule of dynastic chro- nology as the kings came to and fell from the throne of Assyria? We fear very much that Herodotus and his contemporaries will have to take “back sents” after this neat istorioal feiumph of Mr. Smith, for it shows the value ef critical antiquarian knowledge as compared with the clumsy manner in which the his- torians of the Christian era have been wont to cloud and mystify even such modern epochs as those marked by the deeds of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table, the Iron Mask or the question of ‘Have we a Bourbon among us?” Berosus, it seems, with a due regard for the archmological cravings of the nineteenth century compiled from the tablets sculptured nearly half a million years ago an exact and succinct account of the reigns of our Assyrian forefathers. There were ten of these dynasties, and so little did the mod- ern element of strife between families repre- senting such principles as ‘Divine Right,” ‘Bonapartism”’ or ‘the Republic," enter into the polity of the period that each dynasty held the reins of power during forty-three thou- sand years—that is the ten dynasties, accord- ing to our Mr. Smith, did not become defunct until they had occupied four hundred and thirty-two thousand years in the pages ot history. The first King in the list—and the earliest on earth, so faras we know—was called Alorus; certainly a very respectable and pronounceable name, The head of the fifth dynasty, though not so closely allied to euphony, rejoices in the appelation of Ame- galarous, according to Berosus; but Mr. Smith prefers to believe that a slight error has been made in orthography after the lapse of such a brief period, and he assumes that His Majesty was none other than Amid-ur- gal (meaning man of Urgal). After dispos- ing of eighty-six reigns under the second dynasty, covering a period of thirty-four thou- sand and eighty years (the months and days are not given), Mr. Smith goes into the ety- mology of the names themselves, and after- wards introduces us to Kudur-naubundi and Elamite, who conquered Babylonia in the twenty-third centary B. C. But this is coming too near the year 1873 A.D. to be pleasant reading, and hence we will not weary the readér with sny farther summary of cuneiform history sc- cording to Mr. Smith. Bat the facts we have taken the liberty of recording are taken from an elaborate paper read before the British Biblical Archeological Society by Mr. Smith, Sir Henry Rawlinson in the chair. They ex- hibit the character of Mr. Smith’s labors in Assyria in the service of the London Daily Telegraph; and if we are not prepared to be- lieve all that Mr. Smith deduces from the tablets, we are at least bound to commend the enterprise and generosity of our contemporary in sending the leading archseologist of Britain to the East. Mr. Smith is about to proceed to Asio-Minor again in the service of the British Museum. We cannot doubt that he will re- turn again with information that will render his accounts of Alorus and his descendants, and his despatches on the Deluge, as insigni- ficant as a reporter’s record of yesterday's events. ne Mecuetta THE Murperzr Was Hanoep in Jersey City yesterday. The wretched man was of that low order of intelligence which is 80 like the brute’s that speech, laughter and tears agom the only thingy to mark the dis- the gallows, smoking a cigar, ani yot only spoke to ask not to be hanged. He seemed to have no idea of another world. {t may be wondered what lesson the preachers will draw from his case. The execution wis bungled, the rope slipping and letting the man fall to the ground. He was quickly lified up and the strangulation completed. Forest Management. This interesting and little understood sub- ject, now felt to be of national importance, has recently been most suggestively elucidated by a distinguished English official, the cop. servator of forests of India. So little is known of forestry in many parts of this country that, until lately, the idea of placing the aboriginal forests under the shield of gov- ernment protection has not been entertained. We now begin to discover the necessity of some legislation to this end. Lest winter it was observed that the fierce and frigid winds 6f the northwest, passing far beyond their wonted southern limit, swept through the Mississippi Valley and penetrated unretarded and unopposed to the Gulf of Mexico—a phe- nomenon that surprised the oldest inhabitants and which was explained by the extensive deforesting of the intervening States. Tho rapid and unchecked denudation of the soil throughout the United States, which, whether sufficient statistics exist to show the fact or not, greatly affects the rainfall and climate for the worse, has alarmed our most thoughtful econo- mists and already stimulated governmental investigation. The subject, so fully treated in the official report, of which we now speak, comes directly home, and its timely discussion will do great good if it leads us to timely action. This report abundantly and statisti- cally exposes the popular delusion that forests are inexhaustible sources of wood supply, which have only to be left to themselves to furnish periodical crops ad infinitum, without expense or cultivation; and demonstrates the absolute necessity of unremitting supervision and care to avert their early decay. In Germany, where the greatest attention has been officially paid ‘to forest conservancy, the surplus annual yield of wood becomes the exclusive property of the community to devote to their own public purposes, and hence the people accord their spontaneous and earnest support to the forest officers. In other countries, especially Austria and Great Britain, as well as in Germany, these communal forests have been brought un- der government superintendence, and have been successfully surveyed, mapped and di- vided up, and working plans devised for their administration. It may not be practicable to carry out the German or Indian system with such signal success in the United States; but it is evident Congressional legislation may do a vast deal towards mitigating the abuses of deforesting- We should rigidly sagerye to the nation every right now existing over the great Western and Northwestern woodlands, and not devote one acre to the rapacious railroads which promise so much, but do so little, to requite the enormous grants on which they have fattened. tate and municipal legislation, too, can be made to reach many forest districts and wooded spots, not under Congressional control. But if large were intelligently informed as to the necessity of shielding and nursing the venera- ble trees and woods which form the natural covering of the soil, which attract the fertiliz- ing rain shower, and detain it on the earth long enough for itto percolate, the main point would be gained, and the work of the legislator would then be practicable and easy. A May Day um Janvary.—After a full week of fogs and clouds and storms and freshets over all the country, trom the Great Plains to the Atlantic coast, we had yesterday a May day in January—the union of January and May. It was a day to which, changing a word, might well be applied the description of such a day by an old time poet:— Sweet day, so calm and soft and bright, The bridal of the earth and sky. It was a delightful day for the Broadway promenaders and for shopping, and a blessed day for the poor and the destitute, the sick and the suffering. It brought with it, too, the promise of a continuance of the mild weather which, siftce the 1st of December, has marked this gentle winter; and, notwith- standing the disappointments of skating and sleighing parties, we hope, looking to the greatest good for the greatest number, that this winter, to the return of spring, will be one of the mildest we have had for many years, Sucuriy Impznrnuntr.—Some of the Georgia papers are calling upon Alexander H. Stephens to resign his place in Congress because he is reported to have declared that “he would go further than Charles Sumner in securing every right to the negro.’ Mr. Stephens will probably reply, in the expres- sive language of an old Cincinnati editor, “Fiddlesticks !” Viva Voce Votina.—The Binghamton Re- publican favors the voting by viva voce in re- publican legislative caucuses. The subject is also favorably discussed by other republican papers in the interior. It is, however, thought by some to be too late to urge the matter this session. ‘Tur Coorenstown Journal is not pleased with Governor Dix’s appointment of Judge Countryman to the Supreme Bench, and says “he bitterly opposed Dix’s election. But the Governor holds the pardoning power, and, it seems, has concluded to exercise it in the case of Judge Countryman. PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE. insalinitaiaans Judge R. D, Rice, of Maine, is again at the Fifth Avenue Hotel. Ex-Secretary Welles is about to write a book on Lincoln and Seward. + F. 0. C. Darley, the artist, yesterday arrived at the Westminster Hotel. Ex-Governor J. B. Page, of Vermont, is registered at the St. Nicholas Hotel. Commander kh. F. R. Lewis, Unitea States Navy, has quarters at the Astor House. Captain J, W. Cayler, United States Army, is Staying at the Westminster Hotel. General W. L, Elliott, United States Army, quartered at the Sturtevant House. Pay Inspector G. E. Thornton, United States Navy, has arrived at the Union Square Hotel. Paymaster F. 1, Gillett, United States Navy, arrived last evening at the Metropolitan Hotel. General George 8. Hartaam, United States Army, occupies his old quarters at the St. James Hotel, 4. H. B, Latrobe, the eminent waltimore lawyer, is among the late arrivals at the Filth Avenue Hotei. Luvber MoGutcyigs, republigan candidate for the people at: Governer of New Hampshire, a iarmer sad 10 yoara o1d. Vice President George B. Roberts, of the Pean- aylvanta Railroad Company, has apartments at the St. Nicholas Hotel ; ‘They have an organization in Boston called the “Cxsars.” They are accustomed, it 1s said, to passing the “Ruby-corn,” A grand assembling of Freemasons from all parts of the world is proposed in Philadelphia as ome of the teatures of the Centennial Amarriage in & buggy is announced as having occurred lately in Virginia, But is that anv excuse for the bride becoming a little aulky a few days afterwards ? # Daniel Whitmore bas fallen heir to a fortune in England amounting to ® million, Whitmore says he intends to demand the whole million and take not a whit less, Dr. J. W. Scroggs, of Champaign, Ul, a promineat man in social and political life, ® physician, am editor and a member of the State Legislature, was buried on the 6th inst. “Poor Kossuth,” exclaims the Boston Transcript, “old, infirm, needy, childless, nearly friendjesst Think of bis reception in New York a quarted@or a century ago, and beware now you trust popu- larity." A prophet of evil, in the person of @ negro named Santee, has turned up in Louisiana, He predicted the epidemic in Shreveport @ year ago. He might make a similar prediction every year for certain places in the South and not make a failure once in ten times, A marriage took place in Norfolk, Va., recently, to which the contracting parties were a bride- groom of 67 summers and the bride 2%, This is his 1ourth marriage, the three preceding yielding the fruits of 89 chilaren, 20 of whom are now liv- ing, and he thas 40 grandchildren, and yet the end is probably not yet, OBITUARY, Patrick A. O’Conrell, M. D. Patrick A. O'Connell, M. D., a well known soldier of the war for the Union, has died at Santa Bar- bara, CaL, of consumption of the lungs, at the age of 39 years, Whenthe Ninth regiment of Massa- chusetts volunteers was organized Dr. 0’Connell Manifested great interest in it, and was commis sioned Assistant Surgeon on the llth o June, 1861. He left this city with the Ninth for the front, and served in the Army 1 the Potomac. He was highly esteemed by his superior oficers,and for a while hela the position of medical director of one of the divisions of the Potomac Army, gener peculiar fitness for the position. On tne izth ot September, 1861, he sent in his resignation as Assistant Surgeon of the Ninth, to take the office of surgeon of the Twenty- eighth Massachusetts Volunteers, which was then being organized, and was commissioned October 25 of that year, returning with the Twenty-eighth to the front. On the 13th of June, 1863, he was made an Assistant Surgeon of United States Volunteers, and at the close of the war returned to his Tol tice in Boston. Subsequently he was commissioned Surgeon of the Ninth regiment Massachusetts vol- unteers militia, and was alterward elected Colonel of that regiment, holding that commission, how- ever, for only @ short time. Of late years his health bas ray failed, and a few months since he teft for California, believing that a change of climate would prove beneficial to him. His antici- pations were not realized. Colonel O'Connell was n of Mr. Maurice O'Connell, of East Lexington. Hi @ fine personal appearance, was t d genial in his manners, accomplished in is profession, and his death is regretted by a very large circle of friends, — Anna Cabot Lowell. Mrg. Anna Cabot Lowell, of Cambridge, Mass. died at her residence on Tuesday night, 6th tnst., after a brief illness, at the age of 62 She widely known as @ writer and inatractress of youth. She opened a school for girls in Boston more than 30 years ago, and soon became one of the best teachers in the city, making herself acquainted with the whole theory and practice of instruction as then understood, and devoting her- selfto her Work with fidelity. She became au author also, smd for @ succession of years pub- ues books in aid of eres and Pty oJ which were a grea’ 2 viee, te ant tt tl Was her “Theory of Teaching,” in 1841, and the last her “Seed Grain for Thought and Discussion,” pub- lighed in 1856, after she had given up her school, even retired irom the instruction of classes in special subjects, which she continued some time iter transierring her school to others, The beat kuown of her works is her “Poetry ior Home and School; or, Gleant from the Poets,” in which hundreds of thousands of Amerioan children have made their first acquaintance with the beauties of English and American poetry. Mrs. Lowell's father, Patrick T. Jackson, with her uncle, Francis 0. Lowell, built in Waltham, where they had Ceertar A seats, the first cotton mill in the world in whic! were combined all the operations necessary to com vert raw cotton into finished cloth, John B. Thompson. Hon John B. Thompson, ex-Lieutenant Governor and member of Congress for several successive ears from 1840, died im Harrisburg, Ky,, om ‘ednesday, 7th inst, at the age of 64 years. Judge R. E. B. Baylor. The Houston (Texas) Mercury of the 4th inst reports as follows:—“We regret to learn that this distinguished old Texan died at his residence, at Independence, Washington county, on Tuesday last. Judge Baylor was a native of Ken- tucky, coming to Texas at an early day im its history, linking his fortunes with those of the struggling young Republic. He was @ man of strong native intellect, a mind well developed, broad, clear and comprehensive, He was an eml- nent jurist, and filled for s long time @ seat on the bench of the District Court of this State. Baylor University, Independence, was named in honor of him, and for many years he filled the chair of law professor of that inatitation.” JOURNALISTIC NOTES. Fifty-three journalists died last year. ‘The Bloomington Anti-Monopolist has departed this life. ‘The Leavenworth Times has been sued for libel by a Judge Lecompte. William Hussey demands only $100,000 from the Indlanapolis Journal for alleged libel. Philadelphia papers are unanimous on one sub- ject—tne filthy condition of the streets. The same here, brethren! E. L. Baker, late editor of the Springfield (Ill) Journal, goes as United States Minister to Buenos Ayres, and Paul Selby, late % the Quincy Whia, steps into his editorial shoes. A despatch from Mobile, dated January 6, says :— “It is rumored on the street that the Mobile Register changes hands to-morrow, John R. Rapir, a well known citizen, becoming the sole proprietor. Colonel John Forsyth will remain as editor-im- chief,” ‘The Chicago Courter, a new two cent daily venture, appeared on the ist, The first number presents a creditable appearance. The Minneapolis Times and Tribune have been consolidated under the name of the latter. W. A. Crofutt, late editor of the New Haven Palladium, is chief editor. James R, Sneed, late of the Savannah Press, has taken a position as editor on the Atlanta Herald. Mr. Thomas A. Kennett, a well knowngournalist of this city, has started a monthly periodical called the Carpet Trade Review, which will be solely devoted to the interests of carpet manu- facturera and the trade generally. The Review is very well printed on good paper. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. Ordered Changes. Lieutenant A. B. H. Lillie is ordered to the Brook- lyn; Master Fred. E. Upton to the Pawnee; Sur- geon J. H. Tinkham, Paymaster A. 8. Kenny, Act- ing Boatswain Thomas W. Brown, Carpenter A. N. Whitenonse and Sailmaker J. W. North, to the Roanoke. Commander James A. Green 18 de- tached from duty as a member of the Bourd of In- spectors and placed on waiting orders; Assistant Sargeon C, D, White, from the Boston Navy Yard, ana ordered to the Roanoke; Gunner John Gas- kina, from the Vermont, and ordered to the Roanoke. The Pow! an. LEWES, Del, Jan. 9, 1874, The United States steamer Powhatan passed in at two o'clock P. M. Affairs at the Gosport Navy Yard. PorrsmMovuTH, Va., Jan. 9, 1874 Notwithstanding all activity has subsided at the Navy Yard, Naval Constructor Easby is continually engaged in originating plans for torpedo attach- ments. His success thas far justifies ‘him in his calculations. The ordnance storeship Savannah is ready for service. Captain J, E. Jouett, one of the Hoard of inspection at_Norfolk, is expected as t Yard, Efforts are Executive OMcer of the Navy kaon, being made to have the monitor here ior reyaira aud for reat