The New York Herald Newspaper, August 15, 1872, Page 5

> NUYW YORK HEKALD, THURSDAY, AUGUST 15, 1872—TRIPLE SHEET. sketch the outlines of another but smoller lake and | eall it Moero; @ degree again north of Mocro an- | ether lake of similar size, and call it Kamolondo, and still s degree north of Kamolondo another take, large and as yet underfined limits, which, in she absence of any specife term, we wi!) call the Nameless Lake. Then let him connect these several lakes by a river called after different names. Thus, the main feeder of Bangweole, the Chambezi; the Fiver which issues out of Bangweolo and runs into Moero, the Luapula; the river connecting Moero with Kamolondo, Webb’s River; that which runs from Kamolondo into the Nameless. Lake north- ward, the Lualabar; and let him write in bold let- ters over the rivers Chambezi, Luapula, Webb's River and the Lualaba the “Nile,” for these are all ome and the same river. Again, west of Moero Lake, about one degree or thereabouts, another large lake may be placed on bis map, with a river ranning diagonally across to meet the Lualaba morth of Lake Kamolondo, This new lake is Lake Lincoln, and the river is the Lomami River, the confluence of which with the Lualaba te be- tween Kamolondo and the Nameless Lake. Taken altogether, the reader may be said to have a very fair idea of what Doctor Livingstone has been doing these long years, and what additions he has made to the study of African geography. That this river, distinguished under several tities, owing feom one lake into another in a northerly direction, ‘wish all its great crooked bends and sinuosities, is THE NILE, THE TRUE NILE, the Doctor has not tne least doubt. For a long tame he did doubt, because of its deep bends ana ourves—west, and southwest even—but having traced it from its headwaters, the Chambezi, through seven degrees of latitude—that is, from latitude eleven degrees south to a little north of latitude four degrees south—he has been compelled to come to the conclusion that it can be no other river than the Nile. He had thought it was the @ongo, but he has discovered the sources of the @ongo to be the Kasal and the Quango, two rivers which rise on the western side of the Nile water- shed in about the latitude of Bangweolo; and he was told of another river called the Lubilash, which rose from the north and ran west. But the Lualaba the Doctor thinks cannot be the Congo, from its great size and body and from its steady and con- tinual fow northward through a broad and exten- sive valley, bounded by enormous mountains, westerly and easterly. The altitude of the most mortherly point to which the Doctor traced the ‘wonderful river was a little over two thousand feet, eo that though Baker makes out his lake to be 2,700 feet above the sea, yet the Bahr Ghazal, through ‘which Petherick’s branch of the White Nile issues Into the Nile, is only a little over two thousand feet, im which case there is a possibility that the Lualaba may be none other than Petherick’s branch. Itis well known that trading stations for ivory have been established for about five hundred miles up Petherick’s branch, We must remember this fact when told that Gondokoro, in latitude four de- four degrees south, where the Doctor was halted, ig only a little over 2,000 feet above the sea. That two rivers, said to be 2,000 feet above the sea, separated from each other by eight degrees of lati- tude, are the same stream may, among some men, be regarded as a startling statement. But we must restrain mere expressions of surprise and fake into consideration that this mighty and broad Gualaba is a lacustrine river—broader than the Mississippi—and think of our own tivers, which, though shallow, are ex- seedingly broad—instance our Platte River Sowing across the prairies of Colorado and Nebraska into the Missouri. We must walt also until the altitude of the two rivers—the Lualaba. where the Doctor halted, and the southern 'pomt om the Bahr Ghazal, where Petherick has bgen—are known with perfect accuracy. THE NAMELESS LAKE, ‘Webb's River, or the Luaiaba, from Bangweolo is Blacustrine river, expanding from one to three miles in breadth. At intervals it forms extensive takes, then contracting into s broad river it again forms a lake, and so on to latitude four degrees Borth, and beyond this point the Doctor heard ofa large Jake again north. Now, for the sake of argu- ment, suppose we give this nameless lake a length vf four degrees of latitude, as it may be the one discovered by Piaggia, the Italian trav- eller, from which Petherick’s branch of the White Mile issues out through reeds, marshes and the Babr Ghazal into the White Nile south of Gondo- koro, By this method we can suppose the rivers one—for tne lakes extending over so many degrees of latitude would obviate the necessity of explain- ing the differences of altitude that must naturally exist between the points of a river eight degrces Of latitnde apart. Also, that Livingstone’s instru- ments for observation and taking altitude may have been M error, and this is very likely to have been the case, subjected as they have been to rough handling during nearly six years of travel. THE WATERSHED Despite the apparent dimiculty about the altitude, there is another strong reason for believing Webb's River, or the Lualaba, tobe the Nile. The water- shed of this river, 600 miles of which Livingstone has travelled, is drained by @ valley which lies morth and south between the eastern and western ranges of the watershed. This valley or Mane of drainage, while it gogg not receive the ‘Kasai and the Quango, receives rivers flowing from BQ great distance west—for instance, the important Avibutgries Lufra and Lomami, and Fe rivers from thé east, such as the Lindi and Luamo; and while the most intelligent Portuguese travellers and traders state that the Kasai, the Quango and Labilash are the head waters of the Congo river, mo one as yet has started the supposition that the grand river flowing north, and known to the Batives as the Lualaba, was the Congo. If this river is not the Nile where, then, are the head waters of the Nile? The small river running out of the Vic- toria Nyanza and the river fowing out of the Ifttle Lake Albert have not sufficient water to form the great river of Egypt. As you glide down the Nile and note the Asna, the Geraffe, the Sobat, the Blue Mile and Atbara, and follow the river down to Egypt, it cannot fall to impress you that IT REQUIRES MANY MORE STREAMS, ‘br one large river, larger than all yet discovered, to influence its inundations and replace the waste of its flow through a thousand miles of desert, Perhaps a more critical survey of the Bahr Ghazal would prove that the Nile {s influenced by the waters that pour through “the small piece of water resembling a duck pond buried in a sea of rushes,” as Speke describes the Bahr Ghazal. Livingstone’s discovery answers the question and satisfies the intelligent hundreds, who, though Bruce and Speke and Baker, each in his turn had Geclared he had found the Nile, the only and true Nile sources, yet doubted and hesitated to accept the enthusiastic assertions as a final solution of the Nile problem. Even yet, according to Livingstone, the Nile sources have not been found; though he has traced the Lualaba through seven degrees of tatitude flowing north, and though neither he nor Ihave a particle of doubt of its being the Nile, not yet can the Nile question be said to be resolved and ended, ‘YET UNSOLVED for three reasons— First—He has heard of the existence of four foun- tains, two of which give birth toariver flowing morth—Webb’s River, or the Lualaba; two to a river owing south, which is the Zambezi. He has heard Of these fountains repeatedly from the natives. Several times he has been within one hundred and two hundred miles from them, but something Glways interposed to prevent him going to see them. According to those who have seen them, they rise on either side of a mound or hill which contains no stones. Some have even called it an Ent hill One of these fountains is said to be 80 large that@ man standing on one side cannot be seen from the other. These fountains must be dis- eovered, and their position taken. The Doctor does Bot suppose them to lie south of the feeders of Lake Bangweolo. Second—Webb's River must be traced to its. con- Mection with some portion of the old Nile, Third—The connection between the Tanganyika and the Albert Nyanza must be ascertained, When these three things have been accomplished, then, and not till then, can the mystery of the Nile beexplained. The two countries through which this marvellous lacustrine river—the Lualaba— Sows, with its manifold Jakes and broad expanses of water, are Rua—the Urawa of Speke—and Many- ema. For the first time Europe is made aware that between the Tanganyika and the known sources of the Congo there exist teeming millions of the ne- gro race who NEVER SAW OR HRARD OF THE WHITE PEOPLES who make such noisy and busy stir outside of Af- rica, Upon tne minds of those who had the good fortune to see the first specimen of these remark. able white races Livingstone seems to have made a favorable impression, though, through misunder- standing his object and coupling him with the Arabe who make horrible work there, his life has been sought after more than once. These two extensive countries, Rua and Manyema, are populated by true heathens—governed not as the sovereignties of Karagwah Wumdi and Uganda by despotic kings, but each village by its own sul- tan or lord, Thirty miles outside of their own immediate settlements the most intelligent of those smail chiefs seem vo know nothing, Thirty miles from the Lualaba there were but few people who had ever heard of the great river. Such ignorance among the natives of their own coun- tries, of course, increased the labors of Livingstone. Compared with these all tribes and nations in Africa with whom Livingstone came in contact may be deemed civilized, Yet in the arts of home manufacture these wild people of Manyema are far superior to any he had seen. When other tribes and nations contented themselves with hides and skins of animals thrown negligently over their shoulders the people of Manyema manufactured A CLOTH FROM FINE GRASS which may favorably compare with the finest grass cloth of India, They also know the art of dye- ing them in various colore—black, yellow and pur- ple. The Wanguana or freed men of Zanzibar, struck with the beauty of this fine grass fabric, eagerly exchange their cotton cloths for fine grass cloth, and on almost every black man re- turned from Manyema I have seen this native cloth converted into elegantly made damirs (Arabic) — short jackets, THE IVORY RUSH TO MANYEMA. ‘These countries are also very rich in ivory. The fever for going to Manyema to exchange their tawdry beads for the precious tusks of Manyema is of the same kind as that which impelled men to the gulches and placers of California, Colorado, Montana and Idaho; after nuggets to Australia, and diamonds to Cape Col ony. Manyema is at present the El Do- rado of the Arabs and the Wamrima tribes. It is only about four years since the first Arab re- turned from Manyema with such wealth of ivory and reports about the fabulous quantities found there thatever since the old beaten tracks of Karagwah, Uganda, Ufipa and Marungu have been comparatively deserted. The people of Mapyema, ignorant of the value of the precious article, reared their huts upon ivory stanchions, Ivory pillars and doors were common sights in Manyema, and aiaariit Ge a Ooifeab abore 3 aikamensl hearing of these one can no longer wonder at the gree: js 2,000 feet above the sea, and latitude | ivory palace of Solomon. For generations they had used ivory tusks as doorposts and eave stanchions, until they had _ be- come perfectly rotten and worthless. But the advent of the Arabs soon taught them the value of the article. It has now risen considerably in price, though yet fabulously cheap. At Zanzibar the value of ivory per frarsilah of thirty-five pounds weight is from fifty dollars to sixty dollars, accord- ing to its quality. In Unyanyembe it is about one dollar and ten cents per pound; but in Manyema it May be purchased for from half a cent to one and a quarter cent’s worth of copper per pound of ivory. THE LIGHTNING SNARERS, The Arabs, however, have the knack of spoiling markets by their rapacity and wanton cruelty. ‘With muskets a small party of Arabs are invincible against such people as those of Manyema, who until lately never heard the sound of a gun. The report of a musket inspires mortal terror in them, and it is almost impossibie to induce them to face the muzzle of agun. They believe that the Arabs have stolen the lightning, and that against such people the bow and arrow can have but little effect. They are by no means aevold of courage, and they have often declared that were it not for the guns not one Arab would leave the country alive, which tends to prove that they would will- ingly engage in fight with the strangers, who have made themselves so detestable, were it not that the startling explosion of gunpowder inspires them with such terror. THE SLAVE TRADE. Into whichever country the Arabs enter they con- trive to render their name and race abominated. But the mainspring of it all is not the Arab’s na- ture, color or name, but simply the slave trade. ‘So long as the slave trade is permitted to be kept up at Zanzibar so long will these otherwise enter- prising people, the Arabs, kindle against them throughout Africa the hatred of the natives. On the main lines of travel from Zanzibar into the in- terior of Africa none of these acts of cruelty are seen, for the very good reason that they have armed the natives with guns and taught them how to use weapons, which they are by no means loath to do whenever an opportunity presents itself. When too late, when they have perceived their folly in selling guns to the natives, the Arabs repent and begin to vow signal vengeance on the person who will in future sell a gun to a native. But they are all guilty of the same folly, and it is strange they did not perceive that it was folly when they were doing so. In former days the Arab, protected by his slave escort armed with guns, could travel through Usegubha, Urori-Ukonongo, Ufiipa, Karagwab, Unyoro and Uganda, with only a stick in his hand; now, how- ever, it is impossible for him or any one else to do so. Every step he takes, armed or unarmed, is fraught with danger. The Waseguhha near the coast halt him, and demand the tribute or give him the option of war; entering Ugogo he is subjected every day to the same oppressive demand, or to the other fearful alternative. The Wanyamwezi also show their readiness to take the same advantage; the road to Karagwah is besieged with dimiculties ; the terrible Mirambo stands in the way, defeats their combined forces with ease and makes raids even to the doors of their houses in Unyan- yembe, and, should they succeed in passing Mirambo, a cel stands before them who demands tribute py the bale, against whom it is useless to contend. ‘These remarks have reference to the slave trade inaugurated in Manyema by the Arabs, Harassed on the road between Zanzibar and Unyanyembe, minatory natives with bloody hands on all sides ready to avenge the slightest affront, the Arabs have refrained from kidnapping between the Tanga- nyika and the sea; but in Manyema, where the na- tives are timid, irresolute and divided into small, weak tribes, the Arabs recover their audacity and exercise their kidnapping propensities unchecked. The accounts which the Doctor brings from that new region are most deplorable. A BUTCHERY BY THE ARABS. He was an unwilling spectator of a horrible decd—a massacre committed on the inhabitants of @ populous district—who had assembled in the market place, on the banks of the Lualaba, as they had been accustomed to for ages. It seems the Wa-Manyema are very fond of marketing, believing it to be the summum bonum of human enjoyment. They find unceasing pleasure in chaffering with might and main for the least mite of their cur- rency—the last bead—and when they gain the point to which their peculiar talents are devoted they feel intensely happy. Tue women are excessively fond of their marketing, and as they are very beautiful, the market place must possess consider- able attractions for the male sex. It was on sucha day, with just such a scene, that Tagomoyo, a half-caste Arab, with his armed slave escort, commenced an indiscriminate massacre by firing volley after volley into the dense mass of human beings. It is supposed that there were about two thousand present, and at the first sound of the firing these poor people all made @ rush for their canoes, In the fearful hurry to avoid being shot the canoes were paddled away by the first for- tunate few who got possession of them. Those that were not so fortunate sprang into the deep waters of the Lualaba, and, though many of them became fan easy prey to the voracious crocodiles that swarmed to the scene, the majority received their deaths from the bullets of the merciless Tagomoyo and his vilanous band. The Doctor believes, as do the Aravs themselves, that about four hundred people, mostly women and chiidren Jost theiy lives, while mapy more were made slaves, ‘This scene is only one of many such which he has unwillingly witnessed, and he is utterly unable to describe the loathing ho feels for the inhuman perpetrators. THE MANYEMA WOMEN. Slaves from Manyema command a higher price than those of any other country, because of their fine forms and general docility. The women, the Doctor says repeatedly, are remarkably pretty creatures, and have nothing except their hair in common with the negroids of the West Coast. They are of very light color, have fine noses, well-cut and Not over full-lips, and a prognathous jaw is uncom- mon. These women areeagerly sought after for wives by the half-castes of the East Coast, and even the pure Amani Arabs do not disdain connection with them. To the north of Manyema Livingstone came to a light-complexioned race of the color of Portu- guese, or our own Louisiana quadroons, who are very fine people, and singularly remarkable for commercial “cuteness” and sagacity. The women are expert divers for oysters, which are found in great abundance in the Lualaba. GOLD AND COPPER, Rua, at a place called Katanga, is rich in copper. The copper mines of this place have been worked for ages. In the bed of a stream gold has been found washed down in pengil-shaped iumpé, or par- ticles as large as split peas. Two Arabs have gone thither to prospect for this metal, but as they are ignorant of the art of gulch mining it is scarcely possible that they will succeed, From these highly important and interesting dis- coveries Dr. Livingstone was turned back when almost on the threshold of success by the positive Tefusal of hig men to accompany him further. They were afraid to go unless accompanied by a large force of men, and as these were not procurable in Manyema the Doctor reluctantly turned his face toward Ujiji. A WEARY BACK TRACK. It was along and weary road back. The journey had now no interest for him, He had travelled it before when going westward, full of high hopes and aspirations, impatient to reach the goal which prom- ised him rest from his labors; now returning un- successful, baffled and thwarted when almost in sight of the end, and having to travel the same road back on foot, with disappointed expectations and defeated hopes preying on his mind, no wonder that the brave old spirit almost succumbed and the strong constitution almost wrecked. He ar- rived at Ujiji October 26, almost at death’s door. On the way he had been trying to cheer himself up, since he had found itimpossible to contend against the obstinacy of his men, witn “it won’t take long, five or six months more; it matters not, since it can’t be helped, I have got my goods in Ujiji and can hire other people and make a new start.’ ‘These are the words and nopes with which he tried to delude himself into thé idea that all would be right yet; but imagine, if you can, the shock he must have suffered when he found that the man to whom was entrusted his goods for safe keeping had sold every bale for ivory. THE FAITHFUL FOLLOWERS. The evening of the day Livingstone had returned to Ujiji Susiand Chuma, two of his most faithful men, were seen crying bitterly. The Doctor asked them what ailed them, and was then informed for the first time of the evil tidings that awaited him. Said they:—‘All our things are sold, sir. Shereef has sold everything for ivory.” SHAMELESS SHEREEF. Later in the eventing Shereef came to see him and shameiessly offered his hand, with a salutatory “Yambo.” Livingstone refused his hand, saying he could not shake hands with athief. As an ex- cuse Shereef said he had divined on ‘the Koran ‘and that had told him the Hakim (Arabic for Doctor) was dead. Livingstone was now des- tituve. He had just enough to keep him and his men alive for about.a month, after which he would be forced to beg from the. Arabs. He had arrived in Djiji October 26, The HERALD Expedition ‘arrived November 10 from the coast—only sixteen days difference. Had I not been delayed at Unyan- yembe by the war with Mirambo I should have gone on to Manyema, and very likely have been travel- ling by one road, while he would have been coming: by another to Ujiji. Had I gone on two years ago, when I first received the instructions, I should have lost him without doubt. But I am detained by @ series of circumstances, which chafed and fretted me considerably at the time, only to permit nim to reach Ujiji sixteen days before I appeared. It was as if we were marching to meet together at an appointed rendezvous—the one from the west, the other from the east. The Doctor had heard of a white man being at Unyanyembe, who was said to have boats with him, and he had thought he was another traveller sent by the French government to replace Lieu- tenant Le Sainte, who died from fever a few miles above Gondokoro. I had not written to him be- cause I believed him to be dead, and of course my sudden entrance into Ujiji was as great a surprise to him as it was to the Arabs. But the sight of the American flag, which he saw waving in the van of the expedition, indicated that one was coming who could speak his own language, and you know already how the leader was received. DOINGS OF DETECTIVES. A Poor German Falsely Accused of Play- ing “Detective’—Judge Hogan’s Indig- nation. Leopold Heyman, @ mifdie-aged German, was ar- raigned before Justice Hogan yesterday on a charge of obtaining $25 from Isaac Levy by falsely person- ating a detective officer. In his affidavit Mr. Levi swore that Heyman had represented himself as a detective belonging to an uptown precinct, and stated that he could give him information in regard to his wife’s whereabouts if he would give him $25. The counsel who appeared for the defence de- manded an examination, and elicited some extra- ordinary facts, which go far to show how headquar- ter detectives “work up” cases, Mr. Levi stated in substance that he came to this country about five years ago, in company with Hey- mau, had married his wife's sister, and in fact was on most intimate terms with him ever since. On the 17th of May last, his (Levi's) wife eloped with a man named Brown. Heyman interested himself very much in the matter, and inserted an adver- tisement in the Staats Zeitung at his own expense, with a view to learn the address of the fugitive wife. Since the disappearance of his wife, Levi fre- quently said that he would be willing to spend $25 or $50 to get her back. Heyman during this period never represented himself as a detective. At this point Detective Heidelberg, of the Cen- tral Office, interrupted the narrative and said that he had ascertained that Heyman had stated to Levi that he wanted $25 for a detective named Thomp- son, who would communicate Mrs. Levi's address to her husband. He (Heidelberg) toid Levi to mark the money and give it to Heyman on Tuesday nignt. Immediately afterwards he arrested the prisoner, who said he had gone by the name of Thompson in the German army, and acknowledged that he had written several letters to Levi, signed “Thomp- son,” relative to Mrs. Levi. ‘And if this isn’t a swindle,” concluded the detective, “I don't know Whidge Hogan It is my business, not yours, to fu —I my business, decide the question of guilt, and you ouistep the bounds by speaking in that strain. Your version of this strange case differs altogether from Levi's sworn statement, and is evidently the foundation of the totally inaccurate account which I read in a morning paper. pgeteg | to Pad own confession you induced Levi to part with iis money. Counsel for Prisoner—Your Honor, there is not @ particle of evidence to prove that my client made any false representations to obtain the $25 from Levi. He worked hard for three months and earned the money five times over. The case is merely instigated by the spite of the detectives, who cannot bear to see private citizens do their wh I therefore request the discharge of my client. Judge Hogan (indignantly tearing up the amda- vits) —The ‘prisoner is discharged. ‘MURDEROUS MOLLY MAGUIRES.” Mollys in Ambush Shooting Upon Miners MEXICO'S LIBERATOR. The ITliness and Death of Benito Juarez. THE PATRIOTS LAST MOMENTS. ees eee Solemn Scenes in the Cham- ber of Death. Senor Lerdo de Tejada Assumes Executive Power in the Presence of the Dead. THE OBSEQUIES. Grand Civil and Military Oortege and Elo- quent Funeral Orations. PROGLAMATION OF THE PRESIDENT PRO TEM. Mexico, August 1, 1872. The President of the Republic, Benito Juarez, a8 you were duly notified, died at half past eleven o'clock, on the night of the 18th of July, after a brief illness, from a nervous affection of the heart. Although for some days somewhat indisposed, he occupied himself, as usual, with his duties at the palace up to the day of the 17th, when, feeling more ‘Unwell than usual, he confined himself to his room, but not to his bed. On the morning of that day the editor of the Diario Qyictal, as was his daily cus- tom, while reading the most notable occurrences from his periodical, remarked that the President ‘rose suddenly from his chair, and, putting his hand to his head, walked rapidly across the room several times, as if in sudden and great pain. Sus- Pending his reading, he inquired if he was suffer- ing. “I am well,” he replied; “you can continue.” A few moments later, however, he again arose, and, begging the editor to desist from his reading, resumed his rapid walking up and down the apart- ment, ordering at the same time his coffee to be brought, which he drank very quietly. These, how- ‘ever, were supposed to be the first moments of his serious and fatal illness, He spoke little of his sufferings to those of his more intimate friends admitted to his room during the day, but talked with much zest upon both the political and social topics of the day with which he was most occupied. In the afternoon, with his family, he took his cus- tomary ride on the Paseo, giving cheerful greet- ing to the numerous friends he there encoun- tered; and later, far from considering his indisposition a serious one, when his family bade him a good night for a visit to the theatre, they left him good humoredly chatting with his friends. At a little past ten o'clock he retired, but could not sleep, and spent the night in a great desl of suffering, but not allow- ing the family to be disturbed. On the morning of Returning from Work-—Three Men Badly Wounded. ASHLAND, Pa., August 14, 1872, At three o’clock this morning six men returning from the Gowell and Audenried mines, near Cen- tralia, where they had been engaged in repairing the works, were fired upon by @ party of “Molly Maguires,” who were secreted in the woods, and George W. Davis, John P. Webster and Alfred Bunce were badly wounded. Davis is probably fatally wounded. The men had been at work contrary to the orders of the “Molly Maguires,” The would-be assassing are st) at large J the 18th he arose as usual, expressing annoyance ‘at not being able to attend to his duties in the pal- ‘ace, and to the anxious inquiries of ‘his family and friends he simply replied that he was feeling tired with not being able to rest well, He spent the day between sitting and lying, but suffering at times ex- treme pain. In the afternoon he conversed freely with one of his Cabinet Ministers and General Ala- torre upon political and social topics, but from time to time would complain of oppression about the heart and shortness of breath. BEGINNING OF THE END. About seven o'clock in the evening his son-in- law, Mr. Santacilia, communicated to him the in- formation received by telegram from Vera Cruz, announcing that the American steamer had post- poned her sailing for one day and would not leave until the 19th, “Iam very glad,” was the Presi- sident’s reply, “as she can now carry the news of the retaking of Monterey.” From this time he commenced sinking very rapidly, and it became evident to all that his life was almost spent; but, even in these last moments, passed alternately be- tween extreme pain and unconsciousness, we have illustrated the untiring zeal and unconquerable energy of the man. Arousing from a state of syncope, he recognized at his side Seilor Mejia, his Minister of War, and said, ‘How do you? Have you received any tele- graphic news t” “No,” replied his sorrowing and anxious Minis- ter othing new. How are you feeling ?” “Better, thank you,” was the reply; “there may be something of importance ; return at once to your office.” At ten o'clock his life seemed s0 near its close that his Cabinet Ministers were summoned, some of whom had not even been made aware of his in- disposition, and arrived only to witness with con- sternation his moments of dissolution, A PEACEFUL DEATH. A little before his death all suffering scemed to have ceased, and he sat up in his bed perfectly tranquil and apparently unconscious of his fast- approaching end. Laying himself down once more, he rested his head upon his hand and drew his last expiring breath as peacefully as if falling to sleep, without struggle or motion, INSTALLING LERDO DE TRJEDA. Sefior Sebastian Lerdo de Tejada, President of the Supreme Court of Justice, was at once notified, and immediately repaired to the Palace, where, at an early hour on the morning of the 19th, in the solemn presence of the dead President, his Cabinet Ministers, his physicians and notaries, the cere- mony of introducing to the Executive chair the Chief Justice, in conformity to the federal consti- tution, was enacted; first, by the certificate of the physicians, testified to by the notaries, as to the natural death of the President, ‘and, second, by the administration of the oath of office to Sefior Lerdo, ali of which was performed in legal form, in com- pilance with the provisions of article 1 of the law of the 20th of February, 1836, THE CHAMBER OF DEATH. The body of President Juarez, embalmed and richly attired in black, was laid in state in the Grande Salon de Embasadors of the palace, the same sala which, less than two years since, witnessed ao different a scene in the banquet given to our distinguished statesman, Hon, W. H, Seward, by the officers of the government, pre- sided over by the President of the Republic. The walls were entirely covered with heavy black cloth, and the large paintings of the former Presidents and illustrious men, among them our own beloved Washington, looked down upon the mournful ecene through heavy folds of crape; the same sable decorations draped the multitude of chandeliers and pedestals ornamenting the immense saloon, near the head of which was placed the richly draped catafalco on which rested all that re- mained of the late President of the Republic, THE FUNERAL DAY. Thousands of peopie were in continual attend- ance, alleager to view once more the featares of the great chief and patriot, until the day of the 22d, when the solemnities of the interment in the “Pan- teon of Sam Fernando” were enacted. The proces- sion was along and exceedingly impressive one, and, together with the multitude of people brought together by the sad event from all the surrounding country, formed such a concourse of people as the capital has hardly ever before witnessed. The houses and balconies upon the principal streets through which the procession passed were decked with fags, with funeral decorations, and draped in emblems of mourning. AN IMPOSING PROCESSION. The procession was headed by a squadron of scouts ofthe Second corps of cavalry, dressed in new uniforms and mounted on magnificent black horses, Then followed the scholars of the municipal schools and the boys from the charitable institutions. Im- earn « ‘was displayed & white banner, surmount by an of ebony, adorned with black crape, aud had ‘“ihe Great Circle of the Work- men of Mexico” written on it in black letters, which was followed by 200 workmen, who went two by two. These were followed by the employés of the Treasury. Behind these came the editors of the t of Public Works, of Congress, of the of the elty government, And of the ons, the Medical emp! Custom House, of the Sealed Paper Offices and Criminal Judges. Then eame the persons who col the Santa Cecilia Society, the members of man Club; then the employés of the Fede. ral district, the neighboring prefects, ofticers of full grade, the chiefs of the army, the employés of ruiltar headquarters, the generals and the City jounc! THEN GAME A gP ID HEARSE, drawn by H atin fae? c¥ered with hyaek housings. Messrs. Luis Velazquez, Director of the School of Jurisprudence; Alejandro Garcia, Com- mander of the Plaza; Manuel P, Izaquirre, Treass urer of the nation; Alfredo Chavero, member of the City Council, each carried one of the four chords that hung from the extremity of the bier, Six grooms, dressed in mourning, held the bridles of tne horses, ‘The ad- jutants of Mr. Juarez and a company of the First Battalion, with its band, escorted the body, The President's carriage, completely covered with black and drawn by four iron gray horses. This was fol- lowed by all the Congressmen who are in the ca) ital, the editors, the inembers of the Philharmonic Soclety, a multitude of lawyers and merchants and lastly the members of the Cabinet, the Diplomatic Corps and the provisional President of the Republic. THE MILITARY COLUMN OF HONOR. ‘The procession was closed by the column of honor commanded by General Alcerreca, and organized in the followmg manner :— General Agustin Alcerreca, with four Adjutante. ‘The band of “Zapadores,” exceuting various funeral pieces, and repeated ‘ch irom Lone. The students of the Military formed in four col- with their worihy director ut thei head. nders, With the corresponding number of nien and the usudl ammunition intantry, « Yepea, with its band, and divided Rinty with its band, which exe- Linelodies. ith its commander at its The First corps of cavalry The Third, commanded b, Eleventh, with a squadron Students, employes, 1unctionaries, guests and soldiers, Sixty’ private carriages tollowed. The “Plazuela” de San Fernando was surrounded by a line of soldiers; the procession passed under the triumphal column, which was rather inade- quate, and arrived under @ luxnrious aw! adorned with crape and carpeted with myrtle an cypress leaves up to the door of the Panteon. In an angle of tne garden was raised a funeral monument, of Greek style, which resembled on @ small scale the Panteon, and was covered with black crape with gold fringe, which was suspended from two rows of columns, of Ionic style. In the central part of the base, or the first body, was seen a@ trophy of tri-colored flags, prominent among them the national eagle, drapedin mourning. The in Trevino, and the nander at its head, with crowns of laurei, of gold and evergreens; in the upper triangle could be seen the Alpha and the Omega, syinbols of every beginning and of every end, ane on the pinnacle of the catafalque the bust Wr. Juarez, THE TOMB WAS SURROUNDED BY LARGE CANDLES. On both sides of the exterior were displayed two magnificent vases of alabaster, from which arose two thick columns—the odor of the incense and the perfume of the myrrh. In front of the monument Was placed the standard of the Battalion “Supremog Poderes"’—the natioal banner draped and in the centre ofa guard of houor. All the walls of the garden of “San Fernando” were covered with black merino and adorned with branches and crowns of cedar anc cypress. The high functionaries of the federation, tue Congressmen, the employés of the ditferent public ontices, the delegates of the resident foreigners, the generals, chiefs and officers of the garrison, committees from the States of Puebla, Mexico and Hidalgo and a great number of guests sat down promiscuously in thousands of chairs placed in the lateral streets of the “plazueta.” STATESMEN AND OTHERS AT THE PANTEON. On the right of the catafalque the members of the executive power, those of the Diplomatic Corps, the chief clerks of the departments, the aids of the President and the representatives of the judicial power and of the Permanent Committee of congress were seated in the following manner :—Mr, Lerdo in the centre, Mr. M. Dublan at his right and Mr. J. M. Maza on his lett. These repre- sented the family of Mr. Juarez. Mr. Lat 8, sat next to Mr. Dublan, and next to him Mr. Nel- Sk CORES sihomile, Sst es and senior of the matic $ the left of Mr. Maza General Welle’ Mitnister or War, and then: Mr. Herreros de jada, representative of Spain. Then follo Mr, F eee cece of rhe we be etit a ze) 3 er ot Germany; Mr. cel Minister of Public Works, and Mr. Gatoia ransdos, Minister from Guatemala. Then Mr. Alcaraz, Chiei Clerk of the Department of Justice, with Mr. Oga- zon, President of the Supreme Court, ‘and the Gen- eral Commanding, Alejandro Garcia, and at a short distance Colonels Diaz, Armendaris and Novoa, aids of the illustrious deceased. On the other side, and near Mr, Nelson, Mr. Gomez Perez, Chief Clerk of the faterior, and to his right Mr. Sanchoy, Azcona, President of ane Permancnt Comittee of Congress, were seated. ENGEYE ORATIONS WERE PRONOUNCED. That of Mr. Iglesias was a model of sentiment, of noble moderation and of unexceptionable cor- rectness; it was, in fact, in literary pegs ee worthy of Bossuet, of Massilion and of Bour- daloue. That of Mr. I. Silva’ was an outburst of | apatetteg it and an expansion of national gratitude wards the hero of reform, who was the tilus- trious savior of our second independence. That of Mr. Alfredo Chavero was a brilliant and erudite peroration, which fully reveals the superior sout and intelligence of the young and eloquent orator, That of Mr. F. J. Gordillo, who spoke in the name of the Masons of the National Mexican rite, was an enthusiastic panegyric of Mr. Juarez, which ended with these words—“Like the Redeemer, with his death he has redeemed us.” That. of Mr. J. M. Vigil, who represented the press of the Capi- tal, was a sincere homage, expressed in noble terms, paid to the great Juarez, who granted the eee always unlimited freedom. That of Mr. J. . Baranda was a short, but feeling and spontane- ous acknowledgment of the Mexican Philharmonic Society, which was so generously protected by the President, the illustrious patron of education, That of Dr, Moran wasa tribute of the Escobedo Medical bee tothe great patrician, and a sweet tear, a tender hymn of thanks to its benefactor. That of Mr. Victoriano Morelos, orator of the “Great Circle of Workmen,” an expression of ardent affec- tion that the working classes proifer for the great man who wi them on the fruitful road of education and of work, The poem of the tender bard, Mr. José Rosas Moreno, was a true flower of ineffable feeling offered with exquisite delicacy. The short discourses of the boys Antonio Alvarez and Salvador Martinez Zurita, pupils of Tecpara de Santiago, pronounced with the timid and tremulous voice of innocence, made the tears rush to the eyes of all. That of Mr, Gumesindo Mendoza was a profound refiection of a sage and sound thinker, at the same time the voice of ac- knowledgment brought forth from a good citizen, SENTIMENTS PATRIOTIQUES. And so at the of sixty-nine has ended the career of one of Mexico's most illustrious sons and patriots, Thoroughly imbued with the spirit of lib- erallsm, reform and pe een he has battled with an iron will inst all opposing elements, and with an energy untiring and almost unparalleled has Let forward and sustained those principles of republicanism so dear to all lovers of liberty. Over and above all the din and di attending his troubled reign there seems an earnest and mournful regret at his departure and mingling with a sad uncertainty for the future, to-day weighs down the hearts of the DEATH OF ANGEL ITURBIDE. Sefior Angel Iturbide, oldest surviving sonof the first Emperor and liberator of Mexico, died on the morning of the 2ist of Jaly, of congestion of the brain, leaving a wife and one child, the former an American , and native of Georgetown, D. 0, Mr. Ituroide was a gentleman of rare culture and ability, refined and us in manners, ana per- fectly conversant with all the sciences and general topics of the day. The only son above referred to is, it will be remembered, the same one adopted by Maximilian and Carlotta, and named Prince Im- rial and heir to the throne of Mexico as estab- lished by the French invasion. The death of Mr. Iturbide occurred about the same date as the an- niversary of the execution of his father Agustin I. LERDO DE TEJADA’S TION. The first proclamation of “Sefior Lerdo,” Presi- dent pro tem. of the Republic, has given most com- plete and lively satisfaction. Declaring that hav- ing already taken the initiative of convocation for the coming Presidential election, and Setting hte be conducted impartially and in good faith by the suffrage of the entire le, he declares & who have taken amnesty in favor of par the te pa me Ger the chief officers, aided in the revolu may alike come to the ballot and voice in the choice of the new President, further d that this right shall he guaranteed them without or hinderance. He also gives full; tees for liberty of the Preas as the tree expression of the ‘ople, counseling moderation among Classes. Re promises order and m ity: in his tion, economy in the publio , and for pub! employes, men of known invegeity, and capacity. nal e programme eet . J fed us k doctiment characterized by re and. sincerity, calculated to conciliate all elements, which, uniting in good fait poeta eine hese. of the 5 ta a elected by the free choice Of the people. The clamation is regarded with immense sa! on, iencouragement and ope for the ufure of Mesico. The following is a full translation of the mation :— : a by ad tnterin of the United States gc Menicne a he unex; rd farmentab) tdeath ted am Mastric ident nito Juarez, a hole mation with mourking, moved by the We the has ost just regret, has me di OL thd mest Lay er of the U1 for « short period, the ‘a ven oF 1 anor admin! top n- ui con- tained In the oath Yuet ‘ook beore dre jermanent Committee of and are in perfeet, tion and the exact fulfilment of Solem obligauone i have contracted and also ‘0 follow ti course that ean lead woward the welfare and Congress with ues ieyeat aa Ree rnin fa will Be the com. the on), “-7 th Drosperiti ation. T con it a special duty to the fait observance of the laws < Roce. have strength- oat perfected our oes = wi were in order to ex! phy pital vices of t1 old org: tion of our society, ing the way to Tost happy future, e been, in their applicat development, remedy ofthe most Comspiica' evils, end the wiumpbel entrance into true clyiaation Re. coMn was placed upon a funeral urn covered | ng for a new, elect) a‘ * People Will be 5 by, apd bi suffrage in its most ample form will be ted sud guaranteca without ‘any ‘obstacles. or restrictions whats evor. All citizens and all parties will be enabled to ac freely in the olections, and thus the result wines to be the genuine expression of publ n imated by this idea, I have considered it my duty tof issue to-day wy decree granting amnesty for all aitea offences committed up to date, without exception of Sons. The principal efforts of the rebels having been su} pressed, the amuesty can be granted without fear depreciation of the law or to the prejudice of the authori ties. The amnesty is in accordance with the generey des fire for the pacification of the country, and with the: deeply rooted opinion prevalent among all those who be~ ih ful disaster of anarchy and the painful ruin of civil war. A new electoral period being now openeds amnesty is the only means which wil ¢ to all in the coming election, elther candidate, Ihave thought that [ could make no better use gf the ample faculties granted to the Exec: tive, and that if untortunately there are some who stil wish to aiflict thelr country with the plagues of war, a use the necessity of employing further energy, to ibjugate them, public opinion will acknowledge that thet xecutive hus had the sincere desire of leaving nothii undone in order to obtain the suprome blessing of peac and to give entire freedom In the electoral campaign. There 1s also the very grave point of the States whicl aro under martial law connected with these Importan ts, There being already favorable circumstances | jee’ view of which the m ¥ of cases can be decided, th Executive will endeavor with the utmost earnestness not to allow the continued existerice of that abnormal si tion, except where the absolute lack of constitutional aus thority should require it, and this only until an electio can be held, or when the imperious necessity of restorin peace should make it indispensable. The Exceutive having been invested with ample fuculs ties by the Congress of the Union he intends only to makel uso of them in extreme caves, when some urgent neces sity has to be satisfled. He hopes, above ail, that he. wil not be compelled to make use of them in anything th: can affect individual guarantees, ‘The respect that these deserve can never be too great. The most precious of them all, that of the freedom of tha, preas, which protects and guards the rest shall be con sidered by me as inviolable, as it was without exceptior during the long term that I'served as Minister of the illus trious President whose loss we lament. If the liberty of writing should at no time have any limit with, less re should it be curtailed during an electoral struggle. Fo the excesses that are committed by tho press the Des remedy is the preas itself, when enlightened, free and echo of all opinions and of all parties. Im administrative affairs I shallsee that the principled of order and morality be observed. T shall do my utmost: to introduce into the public expenses ull the economics required by the scarcity of public tunds. In making ap-\ poiutments I sall only take tuto consideration honestyy Ability and real merit. Tahal be governed by this rule {ng my action toward the present employes of the govern. ment in whom the above qualifications may be found, without entertaining or having the right to entertain an; Fejudice, in view of former political opinions or party. in the exercise of the supreme power shall not De the organ nor the representative of an; jeal clique, bu the representative of the whole nation” T shall not be th chief of a party, but the impartial and disinterested ex, ecutor of the law. After the olections have taken place and the choice of the people roclaimed by the national representatives, L shall conalder myself honored in delivering the govern~ ment into his hands, thus showing my obedience to the sovereign will of the country in returning the trust con- fided to me by the constitution. My acts will prove the! sincerity of my feeling, and I shall take care not todepart in the least from the principles herein expressed, so that upon the termination of my short administration I may; aspire to the testimony of my fellow citizens, proving that Thave endeavored te comply with my duty, SEBASTIAN LERDO DE TEJADA. } Muxtco, July 27, 1872, ! As yet no changes have been made in the Cabinet, although one is confidently expected soon, Gene- ral Escobedo has been summoned to the capital,, with a view, it is rumored, of being omfered the! portfolio of Minister of War. fi The war, it is confidently hoped, has ended wittx the reoccupation of Monterey by Rocha and th general amnesty, which, it is expected, will be well received by allthe revolutionary leaders. As the cause for which they were contending no longer exists there is really no reason why they should not i down their arms and kecome once more peace- ful citizens, taking part 1n the great interests of their country, Bandits and kidnappers are still at work, although numerous summary executions are) Teported. The plague seems to have become alike general in all parts of the Republic, and local authorities are everywhere promptly making war upon this class of human flends. A TERRIBLE OUTRAGE. ed A Woman end Her Nurse Gagged and Bound and the’ House Robbed of Jew= elry and Clothing—The Robbers Sent te the State Prison for Twenty Years Each by Judge Bedford. It ia safe to say that never in the annals of the criminal history of this city has such an aggravated case of robbery been judicially investigated as was’ tried yesterday in the General Sessions, before Judge Bedford. The trial was brief and resulted in the prompt conviction of the defendants, who were sentenced on the spot by the City Judge to the State Prison for twenty years each. The names of the prisoners—the men, all hardy-looking fellowa, were William Wilson, Nettie Wilson and Hugh Bo« gan. Aman named Charles Miller was also a par- ticipant in the robbery, but thus far he has escaped the vigilance of the police. . Assistant District Attorney Stewart placed the complainant, Mrs, Annetté Hardy, in the witness box, and, although an aged and inflsm lady, she gava aclear account of the transaction. She said that she resided at 564 Broome street, corner of Varick, an@ rented rooms; that on the 84 of July the man Wil- son and his wife hired apartments from her assist- ant; she did not see them tilla day or two after they came, as she was confined to bed by illne: she never saw Bogan until the night of the robbery, when he came with Miller to her house at a quarter past twelve on the night of the 17th ofJuly. The allsent out for Mquor, and having drank it, sud- denly Bogan seized her nurse, Mary Armstrong, by the arms and choked her until she was nearly black in the face; then Miller caught hold of her. fi, perez) and choked her until she could not breatl and cailed upon the man Wilson to tearup a sheet into strips to tie her hands, which he proceeded to do, after which Miller grabbed her pocketbook, took the keys of the safe out of her bosom and attempted to open it. He could not do so, and then he compelled her to go on her knees, with her arms tied, to open it, all while threa' that if she uttered a word of remonstrance hé would blow her brains out. While this was going on the nurse was com- led to ait on the edge of the bed in the adjoin- room, with her arms and legs tied and her, mouth, ngageed with a sheet and a pistol levelled at her As soon as the safe was opened Mil- ler took two diamond rings, two gold ones (which she had om her finger), silverware, an opera glass, $100 in gol and a gold watch and chain. He grabbed the earrings and ‘wrenched them out of her ears, and then ran- sacked the bureau drawers.and took a velveteen and silk suit and a number of overskirts. Wilsom tied them in a sheet and threw them down to his the door. While Miller: was ra ing for bonds, Wilson Brood: by her with a@ pi drawn, and, indeed, the ree men had their pistols exposed during the trai tion, ‘The witness went om to state that spite She was being held in the rocking chair she ellpped two diamond ne into a basket; but sub. sequently Miller d led them, Bogan at the game time shouting, ‘‘Set.a torch to her feet and she Reis soon tell re the rings are.” Wilson cut of her boot vious to applying the to a feet, when he’ promised Phat ifthe wife, who was guardi “operating” an would not further molest her she woul ote he rings. Miller made her and her nurse neel by the recking chair, held a pistol to their mout threatened chat if they made the least outery for half an hour Ge (the robbers) had 6 he would kill them. He left the place, ke ng one istolin hand. Mrs. Hardy partially disen« led herself and A anes. out on the awning, calling “Watch! Murder!" The nurse untied hex limbs, and when she met gn officer on the street he ¢ Seen Armatrong soero yorated Mrs. Hardy’ rmatrong e lardy’s evis dence in every particular. Captain Garland Weatined relative to the arrest the peta bene® that ee acd diamon on mn, ofthe clothing upom Bist, ‘which Wureikentaed by the complatnant, in admitted that he: got Bogan ‘‘to do the job’? ang het he got Miller to ee prisoners had the audacity to go upon thé and swear that did not commit the of- Rpek qheraed. it them. The jury rendered a of guilty without leaving their seats. In F to an inquiry by the City Ju Cay Garland said that nad committe rob. ‘Dery in Jersey and had the reputation Of being a river thief, ‘SENTENCE. Judge dm passing sentence satd:—“The 1s you to be dee) richly di in tte State Prison gt hard Tabor for twenty t yr twenty: joes. jettie ‘are sent to State Prism r five years.” ; ‘This sen' met with the universal a) of all who listened to the harrative of the a upon Mrs. Hardy and 7 this case prese: indeed, a dastard! mong ue cge reenter Your com ed vilaing, and tion terrible her ser- DEOAPITATED BY A LUNATIO, Oommy, Pa., August 14, 1872, | Hugh Donnelly; of Dunkirk, N. Y., was murdered this morning in the lockup of this city by James Nevills, an insane ‘whom he was conveying to he Sore His head chopped off with an old AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF INSTRUCTION, Lewiston, Me., August 14, 1872, - ‘The American Institute of Instruction assembled here yesterday. The afternoon was consumed im business and the evening in a meeting o1 welcome, 4 from J. L. Pickard, of Chicago. dress | Bhernceaicn will continue during three days. Many leading educators irom all parts of the country are in attendance,