The New York Herald Newspaper, August 14, 1872, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. srree MO, R27 ales THEATRE, Bowery.—Honest Jous—Haze. WHITE'S ATHEN 20! Broadway.— Miw- penatibe. Matinee athe set Se WOOD'S MUSEUM, Broadway, corner Thirtieth st.— Six “Aternoon and evening. OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway, between Houston and Bleecker st.—A Lirx’s Duman, fh Matinee. WALLAC’S THEATRE, Broadway and Thirteenth street —Bive Buaxp. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, No. 201 Bowery.— Omnis anv Lena. PR THEATRE, Brooklyn.—Escarezp rom Siva 1G. OENTRAL PARK GARDEN.—Grano InsteumeNTAL Concunt. NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 018 Broadway.— Sormnce anv Arr. WITH S UPPLEMENT. New York, Wednesday, August 14, 1872, OF T0-DAY'S CONTENTS HERALD, Paar. 1—Advertisementa, A—mAdvertisements, 3—Advertisoments—The East African Slave Trade: Its Chief Market To Be Closed by the Joint Action of England and America—Doctor Liv- ingstone—The Catholic Union—A Murderous Madman—Coroners’ Work Yesterday—A Man and Horse Killed by Lightning—Death on the Rail. 4—Editorials: Leading Article, “The Commerce of New York—Grain Trade—How to Maintain Commercial Supremacy’’—Scribner’s Month! for August—The Fifth Avenue Journal—Tu! New York HERALD in Alabama—Tho Weather— Affairs in Utah—Obituary—A Sad Accident— Raining Fire—Amusement Announcements, S=The Alabama Claims—Cable Telegrams from England and Spain—Mexico: The Presidential Nomination Still in Abeyance—Atfirs in Cuba—A Cuban Conspiracy in Montreal— Yachting—The Cruise of the New York Yacht » QOlub—Greeley at Gorham: The Chaj Hero Among the White Mountains; A iA cant Reception—Miscellancous Political Tele- | on ap bier New Dominion: The French- h-Anglo-Saxon Civil War in Quebec—Busl- e- ness Notices. 6m A tricken Ship: The Scourge of the ay; Yellow Tropics in New York fonnies. Iron-Clad—Senator Sumner—Ae one Political Conspiracy—The Political Headquarters—The German Democrats— Political Campaign Notes—Ben Butler— Seventh Ward Politics—Perils of Railroad Travelling—Accidents in Westchester Voun- ty—Long Island Affairs—The Deadly Heat— Brooklyn BrOperty, Sold for Taxes—Murder or Suicide, Which Y—Stabbed in the Check. T—Advertisements, S—Barnard’s Impeachment: Continuation of the gee for the Prosecution; Barnard ing Tried by the Bar Association of New York—The Custom House—New York Courts— De Lunatico Inquirendo: The Cases of Teresa Drew and Rosa McCabe—The Way of the Tranagressor—Brooklyn Atfairs—A qua Fever on a Brutal Father. 8—De Lunatico Regairendo (Continued from hth ))—Financial and Commercial: Continued ess in Prices of Wheat and Flour; Cotton Dull and Easier; Sudden De- cline ‘in Gold, the Premium Golng Om from 116 to 114%: Foreign Exchange @ Pressure of Bilis on Amsterdam ; Money 2 to 4 Per Cent; Stocks Feverish and Unsettled, with Western Union ag the Pivot of Spec tion; Governments Quiet and voacg South. ern Securities Dull and Railway Mortgages eanaeds The Day’s Business at the Sub- easury; Our Exports—“Poor Jack!” An- other Reported Outrage at Sea by a Tyranni- cal Oficer—Marriages and Deaths, 20—The Ku Klux: What Colonel Whitley Says About the Albany Prisoners; He Recommends ‘Dwenty-Four to Executive Merey—News from Washington—Mace and O’Baldwin: The Champions of the Manly Art Arrested in Baltimore—A Pittsbu ‘ailure—The Negro Poisoner—Ar! and Naval Orders—A De- oe te oe oe of pen mar Game— vane TI ippin, ‘ntelligence— Advertisements. . ss Tae Axapama Oxammis Arprrration Court will reassemble in session in Geneva to-day. Many of the arbitrators and counsel reached the Swiss city last night. The sitting will, it is said by the people outside of the door of the Council hall, be protracted and the proceed- ings of much interest. We are told again about the question of ‘‘due diligence’ on the part of England, and also about a new “expert” in law pleas drafting from London; but we hear nothing as to what the American people may reasonably expect in the shape of compensation for the great damage which was inflicted on their commerce and mercantile marine by the British built cruisers. . Ms. Georcz N. Sanpzrs has at last given his testimony concerning the Niagara Falls Peace Conference of 1864, but, as in the mat- ter of his exposition as in regard to that famous ‘conference itself we can only say ‘‘there is nothing {u it,” we dismiss the subject. Tae Repeat or THe Inisn Anti-Procession *t.—The Irish people have won a fresh vic- -inst England. The Anti-Procession abolished. It is a concession to ‘went quite worthy of the offairs by Mr. Glad- * of London- pe Aistur' ance. . “* Parliament nu. pity of New York. ‘we desire no disturbance. and when you will, gentlemen, . peace. Wo ask this, but we ask no mu. Mextoo mm Process or REGENERATION.— Prom Mexico city, of August 5 wo are Serciaade a Seer téthained unchanged pending a regular nomination to the Presidency. This constitutional event will, it is thought, result in the election of Lerdo Tejada. The country was being in the meantime, Revolutionists were down their arms under the amnesty Martial law has been revoked three of the States whith were lately in ! and the inhabitants restored to fhe full enjoyment of their territorial rights pnd power. The present course of the govern- ment gave general satisfaction—a new phase in Mexican history. Koo Amaprvs, Sram ann Siaveny.— Amadeus denies that he has signed a decree providing for the gradual abolition of slavery in Ouba and Porto Rico, The document which he has signed is simply 9 code of rules {providing for the enforcement of the law by the Cortes in 1869, making prepara- for the emancipation of slaves in my $ year of the Revolu- @ European Power slavery, and, not strange to ig the one European Power which is without Buropean sympathy. If jAmadons can make an end of slavery through- out the Spanish dominions the will have ‘one reason to respect Spain; but it will not fail i rT Ei 3 ‘to do honor and mete outa fair mongure of | lake craft, instead of delivering their dustioe to the youpa King. NEW YORK HERALD, WEPNSSDAY; AUGUST 14, 1872—WITH SUPPLEMENT. ‘The Commoeree of New York—Grain Trade—How to Maintain Commercial Supremacy. ‘With all the surprising changes effected by railroads and other modern improvements in commerce and its currents New York has maintained ita position as the great commer- cial contre and. metropolis of the country. It lives chiefly by commerce. We need not make an elaborate statement of the causes of this commercial greatness. It is well known what influence the unequalled location of this city geographically, the large and liberal enterprise of our business men, and the vast capital con- centrated here have had in producing this re- sult. Among the many elements of the growth and prosperity of the metropolis the grain trade has contributed ly, and it is to this we shall now refer. Our first decided step im greatness boyond Bos- ton, Philadelphia, Baltimore and other cities of the Eastern coast, dates from the opening of De Witt Clinton's derided “ditch,’’ connecting the tide waters of the Hudson with the vast chain of lakes which open natural water high- ways to the centre of the Continent. New York merchants of that day readily adopted the theory of the sagacious Governor, and their enterprise and energy enabled him to secure the construction of the oanal—in its day an undertaking of surpassing magnitude. At once those three hundred and fifty milos of artificial navigation made this city the depositary of the grain by whose production almost solely the West- ern farmer could procure money. From that day New York became intimately and in- dissolubly connected with the West, which was then located in Ohio and the eastern por- tion of Michigan. Since then that wonderful development which has formed populous and productive States and busy teeming cities where the wild beast and more dreaded red man roamed, has had its exact counterpart in the unexampled progress of this metropolis in wealth, population and commercial greatness. Every section of new land brought under the plough has sent its surplus of production here. The first efforts of the new settler are to till and sow as much land as possible. This he does even before he puts a substantial roof over the heads of his family. On his first harvest he relies for the money which is to procure all he needs to become an independent man; and on New York he has relied for these needed dollars. While our money pays for his wheat and corn, those grains feed the artisans who build our city and fabricate its countless pro- ducts, its surplus sent across the ocean paying for our silks and velvets, our brandies and wines, our hardware and railroad iron. No computation can fully show the service which the grain trade has done in the rapid building up of our city. To-day the theatre of our grain production has shifted from the shores of Lake Erie, till its centre is little this side of the Mississippi. In 1870 Illinois produced of wheat, 30,000,000 bushels; of corn, 130,000,000. Indiana— Wheat, 28,000,000; corn, 51,000,000. Iowa— Wheat, 29,000,000; corn, 69,000,000. Michi- gan—Wheat, 16,000,000; corn, 14,000,000. Minnesota—Wheat, 19,000,000. Missouri— Wheat, 14,000,000; corn, 66,000,000. New York—Wheat, 12,000,000; corn, 16,000,000; oats, 35,000,000, Ohio—Wheat, 28,000,000; corn, 67,000,000; oats, 25,000,000. Penn- sylvania—Wheat, 20,000,000; corn, 34,000,000; cate, 36,000,000. Tennessee— Wheat, 6,000,000; corn, 41,000,000. Texas—Wheat, 500,000; corn, 20,000,000. Virginia—Wheat 7,000,000; corn, 18,000,000; oats, 7,000,000. Wiscon- sin—Wheat, 25,000,000; corn, 15,000,000; oats, 20,000,000. These figures are from the census. They show the great grain produc- tion to be in the vast rolling prairie lands which are drained by the Mississippi and the lakes. Since the collection of these statistics new railroads have opened wide districts in Minnesota and the valley of the Red River of the North to settlers, whose industry will largely swell the bulk of grain product, which will seek an Eastern market by way of the lakes. This product furnishes a large share of the carrying business of the various canal and railroad routes, which, centring here, have their feeders and branches through all tho wide West. To provide for the accommoda- tion of this freight so as to bring it here as quickly and cheaply as is possible, should be the earnest care of New York’s merchants and capitalists. For this we should stretch out on every hand. We offer to it the Erie Canal, and our State is paying liberally for experi- ments to adapt steam power to its navigation in order to increase its carrying capacity and reduce the time. We also tap Lake Ontario at Oswego by a branch of the Erie Canal, which shortens the distance between tide and the lake chain by one hundred and ‘les, Our Central and Erie roads of this great business, and will enter into the compe- ter line both to Lake On- “ The Delaware and Lacka- Wande, connections, courts this stream of gic, which is to thosé who carry it a stream of gold. Pennsylvania roads, with their New Jersey allies, can also bring hither the enriching bushels. By all these avenues New York welcomes the harvests of the distant busban But New York has active rivals for this coveted trade, and one especially in our Northern neighbor, Canada. British en- terprise has taken advantage of her geographical conformation by 8 series of canals which shorten very much the distance between the upper lakes and Lake Ontario, and enable vessels laden at the ports of Lake Michigan, Superior or Huron to de- liver their cargoes at Montreal or Quebec into steamers or sailing vessels crossing the ocean. Thus the grain need only be handled once be- tween Chicago, Milwaukee or Duluth and Liv- erpool. This route is now taking a very con- siderable share of the grain. product of the Northwest, and our business men should not fail to note that this Canadian trade is rapidly growing. Our Western neighbors see this, and strive to continue their old relations with New York as the factor for their most im- portant product. In this interest a party of engineers have lately commenced the sur- vey for a ship canal around Niagara Falls, within this State. The proposed line leaves Niagara River below Tonawanda, and, by a series of locks down the decline over which the great cataract pours, descends to the river again near Lewiston, making the canal some twelve or fifteen miles in length. By it the t to boats at Buftlo or Tonawanda yould pe enabled to pass down to Oswego, whence tho distance by canal navigation is only two hun- drod and four miles to Albany, against three hundred and fifty-two from Buffalo. This enterprise is set on foot by the Governors of several Weatern States, and is the oxpression of the Wostern wish to facilitate by all praoti- cable means the transit of freights between the populations of the States and the metropolis. New York should promptly respond to this action of the West, or she runs great risk of allowing o vast and profitable trade to lapse into the hands of our sturdy northern neighbor. But, besides this formidable rivalry by Canada and the St. Lawrence, some of our ambitious Western cities are proparing to establish direct trade with foreign countries. St. Louis, particularly, has been moving for that object. The Board of Trade of that city has had the matter under consideration. It is believed that by using the cheap water commu- nication of the Mississippi, with a certain class of vessels adapted to the purpose, the trade of the vast grain and corn growing region of the Western States can be concentrated at St. Louis. The great cost of transporting such bulky produce by railroad to New York seems to favor these ambitious rival views. And, in fact, this cost now is almost prohibitory to the trade of the most western States. Then, again, our merchants have been too slow to perceive the onormous and unnecessary expense here of handling, storing and roshipping produce, New York, it is true, has advan- tages which no other city can claim. [t has the capital to work with, It is the great shipping mart of the country. The fleets of vessels that bring merchandise from Europe and all parts of the world want return cargoes and want to take them from the place where they discharge the imports. Still greater and cheaper facilities are needed to bring the prod- uce of the West here and for handling it when it arrives. We need warehouses olose to and railroads along the docks in connection with the railroad system of the country, so that grain, corn and other bulky materials could be readily shipped without expensive cartage and handling. But the great want is freight rail- roads exclusively from New York to the heart of the West, on which produce could be car- ried at less than half the present cost. Our canals may still be useful, but nothing short of freight railroads can answer the rapidly grow- ing demands of commerce with the West. Nothing but these can prevent a diversion ot @ considerable portion of that oommerce to other channels. Our merchants and capital- ists do not lack enterprise and sagacious fore- sight usually ; but in this they have been too slow. We recommend the Chamber of Com- merce, Board of Trade, and business men generally, of New York, to seriously consider this matter and to takea new departure. There must be new appliances and facilities to meet changing circumstances and the growth of the country. The Spanish War Steamor and the Yellow Fever. Some unnecessary alarm was created yester- day by the presence of the Spanish steam ram Numancia in our harbor, having among her crew several cases of yellow fever. The vessel, which is of immense size, seven thousand tons burden, and drawing twenty-eight feet of water, four feet more than the Great Eastern, came hither from Havana, leaving there, it is stated, with no sickness. On the trip quite a number of her men who had been newly shipped became ill of yellow fever. Lack of water in the Lower Bay makes it unsafe for her to anchor below the Narrows, she having barely a foot to spare in crossing the bar at high tide. In view of this fact the Health Officer allowed her to lie abreast of the Clifton House, Staten Island, midway between that place and the Long Island shore at Bay Ridge, a full mile distant from any land. A Quarantine flag in her rig- ging duly warns all to give hera wide berth. Her fever patients, except some innoxious con- valescents, have been removed to the hospital at West Bank, where they are treated apart from all others. Every necessary precaution seems to have been taken to prevent the spread of the plague, and no fear need be en- tertained that it will be communicated to the inhabitants on either shore. Had the vessel been an ordinary merchantman, and able to lie in the wide Lower Bay, due regard for the safety of two millions of people in New York, Brooklyn and Jersey City would have for- bidden her passing the Narrows; but her great draught and courtesy toward the Spanish government overruled the objection to her entering the Upper Bay. In this connection itis thought strange that her commander had not steered to the deeper harbor of Ports- mouth, where she would have run no risk of touching bottom, and where a higher latitude and cooler winds.would naturally have sooner checked the ravages of the disease, As she came to our port our Quarantine authorities were bound by courtesy and humanity, as well as by prudence, to treat her as they have done, giving her stricken seamen all the bene- fits the best medical skill and hygienic pro- visions admit. It is confidently expected that afew days will suffice to cure those now ill and clear the ship of the infection, iy Mr. Greztzy’s New Hampsumre Sprecres are short, sharp and to the purpose, inasmuch as in them he carefully avoids the main ques- tion which, some people say, has carried bim to those explorations of the White Mountains, and leaves his delighted hearers under the soothing impression that this is not the year of a Presidential election. If all our candidates for political preferment would only follow this pleasing example of ignoring the subject and talking about everything else, how happy we should all be. And yet we are half inclined to the idea that General Grant, in declining on his summer travels to make any speeches on any subject, throws quite as much light on the Presidential question as does Mr. Greeley with his sprinklings of ‘‘soft sawder’’ on the New Hampshire blarney stone, A Goop Worp For THE Japayzsr.—Our Japanese friends have formally bidden us good-by. They have sailed for Europe. In Europe, as here, they must learn many things. Here they profess to have learned much, If in Europe they go on learning as they have learned here, we predict for Japan a happy and prosperous future. Unless wo mistake, Japan, through the United States, is to regenerate Eastern Asia, The Bast African Slave Trade. We publish on another page an interesting account of the probable speedy closing up of the chief market of the East African slave trade, whose horrors have been so vividly brought before the notice of the civilized world in tho lotters of Stanley and the despatches of Livingstone. The Queen; in her prorogation speech, assured her people that steps had been taken ‘for dealing more offectually’’ with this infamous commerce, and it will doubtless interest Americans to know that among such ‘‘steps’' the promised co- operation of the United States government is @ very important feature. A quarter of a cen- tury ego Muscat, thon under the sway of a wise and enlightened ruler, obtained certain concessions with reference to the transport of slaves from Zanzibar to Muscat in the body of treaties with England and America. These have since been found to practically. give | almost unlimited freedom to that hideous trade in human flesh and blood which has flourished for many centuries between the east coast of Africa and the adjoining Asiatio countries, It is now proposed to secure the amendment of the treaties in this particular or to at once declare their abrogation. Probably the Sultan of Muscat will accept the milder alternative ; but if he prove obstinate, and our treaty with him be nullified, we shall lose but littl. Our trade with Muscat is chiefly confined to the importation of dates, and as we havo to pay for thom in hard cash, not in goods, owing to the ever-increasing poverty of his people, the balance of trade is very decidedly against us, But, no matter how great the cost might be, the sense of justico of the American people would still demand the adoption of any measures that may be necessary to secure the suppression of this terrible crime of human bondage, Ku Klux Prisoners in the Penitentiary. Our readers will remember that a few days ago Gerrit Smith visited the Albany Peniten- tiary. He subsequently suggested to tho President the release of three persons con- fined for violation of the Ku Klux law. In acting upon the matter the United States At- torney General commissioned the chief of the government detectives to make a detailed ex- amination of all the Ku Klux convicts in the prison and report the facts, with his conclu- sions, For this service Colonel Whitley had exceptional qualifications from his previous knowledge of the main facts, and his keen perceptions were not likely to be imposed upon by appeals for unmerited sympathy or pretended innocence of intentional crime. His report, now submittéd, will be handed to the President on his next visit to the capital. He names eighteen whom he thinks might properly be pardoned. One, an old and influ- ential man named Brown, whom Gerrit Smith thought sufficiently punished, he concludes should remain in durance, and as to forty-six he gives no opinion. One other, whose re- lease Mr, Smith asked, has been removed on the summons of that higher court whose judgments and process no mortal power can gainsay. Mr. Smith judged death would soon claim this prisoner, and therefore counselled President Grant to authorize his return home to breathe his last among his kindred. But the inexorable tyrant came sooner than was anticipated, and the Ku Klux died in a narrow cell. While we do not question the crimes of these prisoners, or even the necessity of the Ku Klux legislation and the proceedings subsequent, in view of the wretched and alarming condition of affairs in North and South Carolina, where political license had degenerated into the rule of mob law, and no man’s life was worth a pin’s pur- chase, yet the conviction is irresistible that, the law and the national authority having been vindicated, a pardon for all the offenders would best serve the public interests. These acts of violence were altogether political in their object and nature, and are quite distinct from ordinary malefactions. In the treatment of similar cases the young Spanish King has set President Grant a noble and wise example. Recent insurrectionary attempts violently and persistently resisted the royal power, even seeking to assassinate Amadeus with his young and lovely Queen. The gallant Savoyard con- quers the hatred and malicious malice of his assailants by unsought amnesty, and, if we may trust the reports, that gentle measure turns sworn foes to faithful friends. Let President Grant throw open the prison doors to these Carolina Ku Klux, and he will thereby add more largely to his vote than Boutwell can do through the public Treasury or Wilson with winning words of honeyed oratory. If the harvest of November is to correspond with the first fruits of August the President should send those sixty-six prisoners as his emissaries into their home districts to persuade their brethren and friends to vote for the President who dares be merciful and who can forgive. In this way the conqueror at Appomatox may win hearts in the Carolinas with great accessions of supporters at the polls. He may thereby largely contribute towards the last victory he covets, that of the ballot box in November. Let not our Republic fall behind a Euro- pean monarchy in the prerogative of mercy. Let the conduct of President Grant Albany be more liberal than the judgment of his chief detective. Tar Heat axp tae Comet.—The ‘heated term”’ of the last two days has been almost as fierce as that of July, which for one week in this city swelled our weekly death roll to 1,569. It is so unusual here to have the mercury up among the nineties in the middle of August thing to do with this extraordinary heat. To be sure Professor Hough, of the Albany Dudley Observatory, says that Plantamour’s comet is a myth, that none of the regular astronomers in either hemisphere have seen ‘‘the critter,” that no such fiery visitor is expected by them in August or September, or until a good while after the Presidential election; but still some straggling comet, invisible to these learned astronomers, may be the occasion of this terrible heat. But whatever the cause or os this of suocession of thunder storms over the whole region affected, whereby the earth is watered and the air is and cooled. We are The Nicaragua Ship Canal—The Sur vey. Commerce with the East has during all historic times been the object of the boldest enterprise. Solomon's allies of Tyre brought in ships the merchandise of India to the shores of the Mediterranean, Later the thirst for its Wealth tempted the intrepid navigators of Portugal to skirt the coast of Guinea and, doubling the Cape of Good Hope, to reach the Islands of Spices by the tedious circuit of Africa. taught the shrewd Colum- bus that, theearth being round, the east could be reached by sailing west. He underestimated the distance, but he marked out the true line, 6 his praotioal genius solved the diffloulty of standing the egg on its point. He did not bargain for America. Its discovery was to him an accidental obstacle in his path to the Orient via the Occident. Yot he hit the true direction. Had/he borne a trifle more to the south, avoiding the islands in the Oaribbean Bea, or stooring through the passage of Mona, between Hayti and Porto Rico, con- tinuing his voyage west by south, a fow days of favoring winds would have brought him to the mouth of the San Juan de Nicaragua. This fine river would have afforded an easy passage for the great discoverer through a hundred miles of magnificent tropical vegetation to the Lake of Nicaragua, occupying a deep basin, forty miles wide by ninety long, and lying one hundred and twenty-eight foot highor than tho Pacific west. Into this lake from the west runs the River Las Lagas. Oolumbus might have ascended this stream till he would havo reached its source within a dozen miles of the “South Sea,” tho object of his adventurous search, An elevation of forty-five feet from the level of Lake Nicaragua forms the dividing ridge at one place beyond which the rainshed inclines to the Pacific. This point is reached by what is called Child’s Route, which, with several others, has been recently minutely examined by a United States surveying party, under the command of Commander Hatfield. The expe- dition left New York last March, in charge of Commander Crossman, who about a month later, whilo crossing the bar at Greytown, was accidentally drowned, together with four seamen of the Kansas. The party went on, entered Lake Nicaragua and made their headquarters at Virgin Bay about the Ist of May. During the next six weeks the various routes which had been suggested thence to the Pacific were carofully examined by the several members of the expedition. Their labors seem to establish the point that by Child's Route a practicable lino exists for a ship canal. Comparatively slight improve- ment will make navigation of the San Juan, the lake and Las Lagas River feasible to within fifteen miles of the Pacific. From thence ships will require to be lowered at most one hundred and seventy-three feet by means of locks, the descent being less than in the Canadian Welland Canal from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario. For the proposed canal the Nicaragua Lake, which drains an area of forty-five thousand square miles, will afford an abundant and unfailing supply of water, and it is probable that in the execution of the enterprise the elevation to be crossed between the lake and the Pacific would be much reduced. At the beginning of the rainy season, about the 22d of June, the entire party left Virgin Bay to return home, arriving on the 14th of July at Key West, bringing with them the Nicaraguan Minister to the United States. Ever since the coast line of our Continent has been known explorers have sought a break in the mountain chain which divides the slopes which fall toward the Atlantic and the Pacific. At the North we find water ways through which we can penetrate by the way of the St. Lawrence and the Lakes to Duluth, two thousand miles. Still there remain eighteen hundred miles of land carriage to reach the Straits of Fuca, and high mountain ridges to be crossed. The Mexican rivers afford no aid in the effort to cross the divide by water. Yucatan and Guatemala have streams reaching far inland, but still the Cordilleras tower high beyond their most westerly navigable feeders, defying the skill of engineers and the wealth of capitalists. At the south New Granada reduces the width from the Caribbean Sea to the Gulf of Panama to fifty miles; but those fifty miles include lofty Andean summits, where no ship can be floated. Still beyond, the Atrato and other rivers have been looked to as offering the track of a possible canal, without success. In the partial interruption of the great spinal mountain range which occurs in Nicaragua we find at last the route Columbus sought—the water road westerly to the far East, with its wealth and its generous recompense for enterprise, Nicaragua is rich in all the products of tropi- cal vegetation, has a salubrious climate and its mountains abound in mines of silver and gold. Only the stimulus of Northern blood in- fused into her population is lacking to make Nicaragua one of the richest regions in the world, If, in addition, we make through her chief lake and river the line by which the shipping of New York and European ports can most readily pass to China, Japan and India, what will be lacking to make her a chief centre of trade and the home of an advanced and liberal civilization? Affairs in the Island of Cuba—Ouf Havana Correspondence. Three articles for which the United States paysannually vast sums of money are produced in almost unlimited quantity inCuba. Sugar, coffee and tobacco from “the ever-faithful isle’ cost our country annually fifty mil- lions of dollars in gold beyond the products we send there for exchange. She is rich besides in all tropical fruits, and has other attractions which make her desirable to any Power whose head is “‘level.’’ She lies at our door. No wonder we are interested in her, and that among the Henatp correspondence from all quarters of the globe the letters we constantly publish from Havana should be full of peculiarly interesting matter. We printed recently a most admirable letter giving a striking picture of Ouban affairs and the sentiment of our Spanish neighbors towards our poople. The United States government is considered the chief sup- port of slavery and Spanish rule in the island ; and, though the royal organs syatem- atically represent the insurrection as practi- cally “stamped out,’ yet our correspondent Teasns trom trustworthy private pqurces that di e E sé gE id E i fi | E | i f E F i i a ii Pa 4] s i i a E z é day, adopt the views of his late Secretary of War, tho lamented Genoral Rawlins, he SORIBNER’S MONTHLY FOR AUGUST. This popular magazine opens with a capital ar- ticle on yachts and yachting from the pen of Wil- liam F, G, Shanks, It is not intended to convey the newest point in the battle between keel yachts and centreboards, or any other moot question among yachtsmen, but chats from an outside stand on the rise and progress of the healthy sport im general. Several well-executed woodcuts give an Qdditional interest to the paper. The “graphic art” is also indebted te the engraver, the illustrations being very fine. One never tires of that head of Ohrist, engraved ing gontingous jing by Ulaude Mellan, or of Ral- Mmondi’s “Luoretia.” The letterpress, by Ben- bon J, Lossing, is highly instructive. Tho study of languages 18 discussed GF. Comfort "1 th 2 strong bleed? for the modern tongues. A short ohild’s story, by Hans Christian Anderaén, ts a8 simple ‘and touching as his stories usually are. W. L. Al- den discourses learnedly about canoes, and with s thorough contempt for the ancients, who are ‘‘al- ‘ways robbing us of our best ideas.” A sketch called “Shane Finagle’s Station” is a disgraceful and ignorant caricature of religion. With this ex- ception, the number is generally above the average of the monthiles, and evinces a determination to be excelled by nothing in the market. THE FIFTH AVENUE JOURNAL, The FYth Avenue Journal is the title of an itlus- trated weekly which is working assiduously for s front place among the pictorial press. It professes to. be “a mirror of art, literature and society,” but has driftea into politics, if we may judge by its illustra- tions for last week. The Woodchopper of Chappa- qua appears to be its favorite; and while he ts rep- sented with a swallow-tall coat on his back, a smile on his face and a wood axe in his hand, General Grant is portrayed looking—well, like another candidate on a Presidential ticket. A sketch entitled “Grant's Dream After Hearing From North Carolina,” is simply odious in drawing and design, and has lost whatever point the sketcher intended by the ma- jority for Caldwell. Its best efforts are those of Mr. Bellew, whose colored caricatures of men of the, day evince artistic training and a keen sense of the satirical. THE NEW YORK HERALD IN ALABAMA, {From the Eutaw Whig and Observer, August 8.] This greatest newspaper of America comes regu- larly to our sanctum, and @ most welcome visitor it is. From its columns we gather news from every portion of the globe, whether habitable or inhab- itable. From the jungles of far-off Africa, from the snow-covered plains of Russia, from tne impene- trable swamps of South America, from the ice- locked harbors of Greenland, as well as from the more civilized portions of this mundane sphere, its vast army of correspondents, with their busy brains, never tire of sending us the latest detalis. It is a perfect book, trom the pages of which we cam glean everything worthy of note now going on in this bustling world. Politics, literature, science, everything finds a place in its columns, and if our readers wish to keep thoroughly posted let them subscribe to it. Besides ali this, it 18 now an inde- pendent sheet—not for Grant, that is certain, but with a gtrong leaning to Greeley. THE WEATHER. —_+—_——— War DEPARTMENT, } OFFIOR OF THE OHIEF SIGNAL OFFICER, Wasninaton, D, 0., August 14—1 A. M. Synopsis for the Past Twenty-four Hours. The area of lowest barometer in Southern Micht- gan on Tuesday afternoon has moved northeast- wardly, with threatening weather, southwesterly winds and rain areas on the Lower Lakes extending eastwardly over New York and New England. Southerly winds and clear weather, on the South Atlantic coast, and northerly winds and partly cloudy weather on the lower Ohio and Mississippi valleys, with clearing weather, clear weather and northerly winds in the northwest and on the upper lakes. 68, The area oflow barometer, attended by threat- ening weather, and rain areas move over the lower lakes, New York and New England, with clearing weather and possibly northerly winds, extending to the latter section by Wednesday afternoon. Variable southwesterly and northerly winds on the South Atlantic and Gulf, with partly cloudy wea- ther and occasional coast rains. Clearing weather in the northwest and on the upper lakes, with northerly and westerly winds, extending by noon over the Mississippi and Ohio valleys, The Weather in This City Yesterday. ‘The following record will show the changes in the temperature for the past twenty-four hours in com. rison with the corresponding day of last year, as dicated by the thermometer st Hudnute Phar- — macy, HERA Ts, 1 3AM 70 ‘ 6A.M 9 A.M 12M.. . 87 Average temperature Average temperature last year... 8 OP. 12 P.M. Yor corres r PouGnegerstE, N. Y., August 18, 1872. Aterrific thunder storm passed over this city to- night. The lightning was unusually vivid, and the thunder shook the earth. Balls of fire entered the telegraph offices, and the operators received a severe shock, but no serious results are reported, AFFAIRS IN UTAH. Indians Killing Two Herders and Steal- ing Their Cattle—A General Chase te the Mountains. Sart Laks City, August 13, 1872, A despatch frém Fairview, San Pete county, says the Indians attacked a party of herders, shot two men and wounded many others with arrows, The settlers turned out and had a fight with the Indians, who retreated toward the mountains, driving a lot tio Valley amd suceceded in recovering’ the le le "eco horses and herd. The Central Pacific Railway Com are pro- jecting to build a road from Foans to Tintic, is Ls fey that the road will be completed within The Union Pacific proceeds at once to iron the grade previously made trom the air line to Coal- ville, thereby furnishing an outlet for the vast coal and silver deposits of Parley’s Park, Reports received from rent sections of the Territory say that the are un and no grasshoppers have 4 yet appeai OBITUARY, M. Kalser. Advices from Europe report the death of M, Kalser, a celebrated astronomer, and professor at the Universi of Leyden. Professor Kaiser was @ bavan of toe most tye merit, and a man of untiring industry in pursuit of scientific en- lightenment. Wrenn, W. Va., August 18, 187% A flatboat, with seventeen persons on board, wes ewamped at the foot of Wheeling Island this after- noon by the swell of a steamer. Jacob Watson and his two sons AT gr pd names are unknown were were gayed,