The New York Herald Newspaper, August 14, 1872, Page 3

from the date pit apvetzet mh st ate ieee not t les Ho ast forty ‘to contain not lees than Soca fie to the 4 and be ie react Bac Sa Gees ‘shall keep good and. ‘apy for at seretcea eons ti Sie Side hal eee seater Eo the be offers to supply is furnisived the BeRgeous to the government Vom De consisered sadreye oe WARD T. DUNN, Paymaster General U, 8. N. CONTRACTORS. Pro for Rij + West Bank. phere o oan, ioe Cou ubic yard for about: corresponding vith that eu 6 Feu a rage ae ‘ine nolecmane at the oft 6 of the eave nay Hyak hak Board i pay haa Wel a ed ny bi te 2a te lee fe MA CUEED cominioners BARTON, Quarantine, 'yY HALL, Mayor of New York. OWBLL, Mayor of Brooklyn. (bib iat Abilene NAM ATE FAMILY, LEAVING FOR EUROPE, sell immediately for cash, lote to: tpurchasers, rep Bul Household Furnitare ¢ priv: manst be reine or Be. all or thie week IREAT SACRIFICE FOR CASH.--P. R SUITS, PR iy RN ate MAGNIFICENT DRAWING ROOM BUIT, =a manieina' style, cost $500, ne do., $50; Pi- $200; one ds jronzes, Mirrors, Clocks Silverware, Btageres, Bookcase, Cut ina, Shamiber Fur: niture, oe + sacrifice ; prope: ‘West Fifteenth street, idar Fink avenue. AThiee HALF COST. PROPERTY OF FAMILY Sai tw? sot 3; Mari Eviainetie ph ae eh ER yop ei rt suk tassels, cost $600, for $240; Wo yards Garpets S0 cents r yard up; walnut Chamber Suits, $40 up ; Mattresses, Kifrore, Curtains, Pain ‘Able, Bullet +8 great Da E n. Pianoforte gain Geek Renidenee,"262 West Forty-second street, between Seventh and Eighth avs. t Daaerrbeb) aan as: Been Furniture, Beds, Bedding, &c. Payments taken by shogyeek or month. ms easy. | KELLY & CO. corner of Twenty-fifth street and Sixth avenue. Age TERMG-FOR FURNITURE, CARPETS AND ding, at B, M. COWPERTHWAIT & CO.’8, 158 Lend eet, An immense st tock and low prices. Grea posi cash, Parlor and Chamber Suits great variety. Wea and monthly payments taken. ‘ANTED—A “PAINE'S” PATENT SOFA BED. ANY x, pee can find a cash purchaser by addressing M. YACHTS, STHAMBOATS, &C wetontwns Rvbvrrsrercedrrrdote OR ‘AT A GREAT SAORIFIOE—A FOUR- sondition. completely use. Apply ay GOR- in and ready for equi uN « CUSHING, corner avenue, fmmedinte Bigty i 34 A MURDEROUS MADMAN. ' A Gig Re ei eg es ' A Woman Attacked with an Axe by the Craty Patient of a Lunatic Asylum— Details of the Horrible Mutilation— How the Demon Attacks Her Would-be Deliverer. CINOINNATI, August 11, 1872. A most startling tragedy occurred in this city about five o’clock yesterday morning. The theatre of action was a cellar in the building—occupied as a tenement house above and saloon on ground floor— located at 277 Broadway, near Eighth street. The parties participating in the drama were a crazy man, rendered perfectly maniacal in his passions by an indulgence in liquor, and a man and woman of mature age. The woman’s name was Duffy, and whe occupied apartments in the tenement. The male members of her family go to work at a very early hour in the morning, and she has accordingly to bestir herself from the break of day in preparing breakfast for them. Yesterday morning, at about the hour named, she went into the cellar to gather material tor making her breakfast fire. She had not the faintest idea, wpon entering that there was another per- gon ‘in the cellar, but just as she stooped down to Piast some chips she heard a crackling noise behind her as of footeteps pressing upon loose gravel. She turned round and met the demoniac glare of a lunatic’s eye, while in Eis hands she could plainly see he held an axe, the oe blade from which shone plainly in the fim light of the cellar. The woman screamed aloud with terror as this fearful sight burst upon her, but wearcely had the sound issued from her lips before . THE DEMON RUSHED UPON HER, and ‘apy the blade of the axe down upon her peat with a force that sent it through hair and skull and deep below the surface. The woman shrieked as the cold steel cut into her, and the second sound was compounded of terror and agony, a blending that fell upon the ears of but one person, and he at once made all haste to the spot from whence the awful summons came. nis man was John t, a tenant in the ho and man of age and littie capacity £0. interfere with the ungovernable mad- man in work of horror. He was as courageous as a lion though, and, with one glance down the cellar ste) a the woman, je over her the maniac stood with uj weapon about to give the second blow, li course was decided, and he descended into what geemed the very jaws of death. Before his en- feebied limbs would permit him to reach the bot. tom of the stairs the woman recetyed two more frightful cuts, one on either side of the neck, and then fainted quite away. As soon as Platfoot Feached the bottom of the stairs the maniac bounced at him. and struck him a blow with the ‘blade of the axe that ‘ CRUSHED THROUGH M18 HEAD Anto the brain. Then, being satisfied with the re- sult of his handiwork, the maniac rushed up the stairs and out upon the sidewalk, but, before he had gone far, encountered two policemen, who Ron geet and overpowered him after a short ‘bu se. He was taken to the Ham- ition house, where he did not talk at ail rationally, but gave his name as William H. Southgate, and his residence Covington, Ky. He ‘was kept in the station until the opening of the Police Court, when he was brought before Judge Carter, and, after a brief examination, remanded to jatt [n default of bail to await the result of his victim's injuries. THE MAD MURDERER. Southgate is now the miserable wreck of a once | of slaves and nothing else, | this kind of merchandise through the entire trading | very promising young man. His parents were at one ‘dine the leaders of wocleny. in'our sister city of Covington, and when his father died, some years b= mt he provided most handsomely for every member he fami Their “skeleton in the closet,” Insanity seems to have grip that old of the tam Protest ve canrelini @ long term Lunatic Asylum, Mien diet Si view jum, Taree weeks the Le He has a, been in the Long- he hs drank fo oxcoss, nd to" this exces! circumstance is attributed by his friends the vin- @ictiveness that characterized the return of his Mine doctors In atenda Geath to ensue in his case ‘at ay Platfoot expect condiiion ot rs, Not deemed critical in Its preeat at ie cattvaty maiia however, that inflam: ease is hopeless. that event her CORONERS’ WORK YESTERDAY, ‘The Coroners yesterday investigated the follow: ing deaths:—James Beach, of 230 Hast Twenty- minth street, who was run over by @ steam car at the Grand Central depot on Monday, and ated of his injuries the game evening; Martin Bates, aged me ears, raise eens oak es at HG 0 join a ic party; - erine Terrell, aged eighty-five years, of ti East Third street, who died Monday of ‘old. age; Rosa Silver- stein, aged eleven months, of 45 Essex street, Who died from natural ; erick dle, forty years, of 120 Cedar 5 Sf on Monday, no physielan an aasonvinnce} aw Senne, who died at Oanur ‘Str vit of rr insolation.’ The body of an infant, very winh ae, ofan ve composed, was found yeste: ry the Ww EES Stet oe foot of which lay the shrinking | ily with 9 uien, The murceret tes | the new tmportations are part of the legitimate in, Ky. believed to be "cured | any moment, but the | | stop the abuse while the old treaties are main- NEW. YORK. HERALD; WEDNESDAY, AUGUS! 14, 1872—WITH SUPPLEMENT: THE BAST AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE, pressing the slave trade in this quarter will be easy. No excuses will be received by the British or American slave squadron for the presence of a single slave upon an Arab dhow, even as 4 sailor, and property in women slaves (by far the most im- Its Chief Market To Be Closed by. the Joint Action of Eng- land and America. Palpable Results of the Lahors of Stan- ley and Livingstone. Another Stronghold of Human Bondage To Be Destroyed. Something About What Arabian Slavery is Like. uid_ai bualeh 4 London Press Comments Upen Living- stone's Letters to the Herald. In the London Pimes of Monday, as we were in- formed by a cable telegram published in yesterday's HERALD, there were some editorial comments in ref- erence to the announcement by the Queen, in her Prorogation Speech, that steps had been taken ‘to prepare the way for dealing more effectually with the slave trade on the East Coast of Africa.” This Welcome news, said the 7¥mes, was the most siguif- cant part of the throne speech, when read in the light recently thrown upon the subject by Mr, Stan- ley and by the despatches he brought from Dr, Liy- ingstone. Thus it will be joyfully realized by alt friends of freedom and humanity, who have for years ardently longed to vee this plague-spot removed from the face of the earth, that at last the English people are determined to take effective action and put down this hideous traffic in human flesh and bleod at any cost. As will be seen also from what followe, Americans Will have an ¢qdal share in car- Tying Qut this beneficent reform. WHERE DO THE SLAVES GO TO? But the question of slavery on the East Coast of Africa is ag yet by no means generally understood. Tell an ordinarily well-informed man that the slave trade of Zanzibar has tens of thousands of victims every year, and then ask him what markets absorb these enormous consignments of living merchan- dise, and he will be sorely puzzled. A few thou- sands no doubt are taken to Cuba, but the vigi- lance of the slave squadron makes this a hazardous nd comparatively but little followed business, And it cannot be too clearly pressed upon the attention of the public that the great bulk of this trafic is done with the petty Arab kingdom or Sul- tanate, or whatever else you may choose to call it—for itis sort of nondescript government—of Oman or Muscat, under the sanction of treaties made by that Power with England, France and America, which practically precludes any effectual interference to end this shameful commerce in human bondsmen. It may further be stated that the Queen, in san gouaden and ie i ‘ph in her spe&ch, cer :e8 ad allusion to & plan for the abolition of the trade, in which the co- operation of the United States has been asked and granted, and for the proper carrying out of which aa have: already been taken by Mr. Secretary 8] yes att “e7 ‘Rouprmsa aBour muscar. fo appreciate the dimiculties surrounding this question, itis necessary to give a brief sketch of the recent history of Muscat. Twenty-five years ago that little Power, under the sway of an excep- tionally able Sultan, prospered greatly in influence and wealth, and included, not only its present ter- ritory on the shore of the Persian Gulf, but also the land of Zanzibar. At that time, indeed, she prom- ised to become one of the most civilized of the minor Asiatic States, Presents were exchanged with most of the Great Powers, and their counsel, in diplomacy, and their teaching in all the useful arts were solicited with an ardor very much more sincere than that which inspires the Viceroy of Egypt or the Sultan of Turkey when they make a “progressive” speech on the eve of issuing a new loan. Thusitcame about that England, France and America cheerfully entered into these now ob- noxious treaties of commerce with so enlightened a government, | A CHAPTER OF ANARCHY, | But twenty years since the good Sultan died, and his kingdom fell into a state of anarchy, which has ever since been deepening in ci sion, and which has ruined the lands which his wise sceptre was re- deeming from poverty and ignorance. One of his sons, who had held the post of Governor of Zanzi- bar, proclaimed himself independent of the other son, who seized the throne of Muscat, and after years of wrangling and intrigue, with now and then | @ dash of open warfare, was confirmed in his usurp- ation by the British government. The new ruler of Muscat was, after a few years of power, murdered by his son, who in his turn gave way to a religious fanatic by the name of Azan bin Ghes. Azan bin Ghes died a year and a half ago, and Thoweynee, a brother of his predecessor, has succeeded him, THE SLAVERY CuAUSE IN THE TREATIES. During these latter evil days a certain clause in the treaties of commerce has been found to be a very serious source of trouble. Slavery of a certain mild type, such as will be described below, has pre- | vailed in all Moslem lands, of course, from time im- memorial, and Muscat chiefly drew its supply of bondmen from Zanzibar. Under the old Sultan the trafic was conducted with very humane provisions, and as it was impossible to hope for anything but a gradual abolition of the institution, the various civilized Powers agreed to clauses being inserted in the treaties permitting the transportation of slaves between Muscat and Zanzibar, a condition being exacted that such slaves should be for the | bona side consumption of Muscat, and should not be re-exported to Persia and Mesopotamia, aud thus northward and westward all over the Turkish Em- pire and into Central Asia, While the old Sultan lived his influence was successfully used to carry out this contract in good faith, but in the troubles that followed his death the smuggling of slaves through this open gate has been freely indulged in. It has also been found to be utterly impracticable to tained. An English vessel of war has constantly been kept cruising about the Persian Gulf, but it could not, of course, overhaul every little trading dhow, and even when ‘* 2tted to do so its interven- tion has been but rarely of any use. The traders seldom ventured upon importing a cargo but distributed marine of Muscat and Zanzibar. Nearly all these native vessels are worked by slave sailors, and nothing can be easier, therefore, than to elude the inquiries of the British oMcers by representing that crew of the vessel. But even thig excuse was more | than was necessary, Legally, it is suficient to | secure exemption from seizure to ake a declaration that the slaves are the property of subjects of the Imaum of Mus- cat, and are intended for their sole use, and will not be re-exported from that place to any of the other ports on the Gulf, Practically, therefore, the slave trade in this direction ts free as air, PROMPT ACTION TO BE TAKEN, But the recent appalling revelations made in the letters of Stanley and the despatches of Living- stone have aroused the British government to a sense of their duty, and they have asked, through the British Minister at Washington, for the sup- Port of the United States in the only plan by which the nefarious traffic can be stopped—viz., the im- Mediate abrogation of the commercial treaties with Muscat, unless tho Sultan of that kingdom will consent to the cancellation of the clauses in relation to the slave trade. Probably a United States ship-of-war will be despatched at an early date to take part in this spirited and neces- sary action; and brought to bay by the two Powers which alone have a trade of any importance with his people, there is little doubt that the Sultan will consent to the concessions required from him. And those opce obtained, the means of absolutely sup- ~ | | happy, | slave trade and the slave power. portant and gerious branch of the traffic in late years) will of course, under no circumstances, be respected. WHA ARAB SLAVERY 18 LIEB. But while fully understanding the horrors in- }volved in the capture of the slaves in the upland country of Zanzibar, aa detailed in the recent .cor- respondence of the Haraup Exploring Expedition, iteheuld also be clearty kept in mind that when ‘once delivered into the hands of their future Arab masters the bondage of there unfortunate crea- tures is something very diferent from what human bondage used to be in the Southern States, or what it ts at the present day im Cuba. In the East slavery has always been @ recognized institution frem the days of the patriarchs, and it could carcely have survived so long had it been as imiquitous as the slavery of the Gulf States. Abraham’s servants were doubtless slaves in very Much the same way as the purchased human prop- erty of an Arab chieftain in Muscat ie to-day. And a8 Arabe are naturally among the most humane and generous and justice-loving of races, while by & strange sort of mora! blindness, by no means incon- sistent with their constitutional indolence, both Mental and physical, they ignore altogether the evils of which they ave indirectly the prompters in buying the results of crime, they esteem it as the Greatest possible dishonor and ashamefml wicked- ness if they maltreat a slave after he has once come into their possession. SOME CURIOUS PACTS. Just afew features of Arab slavery will demon- strate satisfactorily. ite comparative mildness. Probably nearly two-thirds of the imported slaves are women, designed for the purposes of concu- binage. But even though an Arab has become the owner of @ female slave, he is not permitted by the )8W to cohabit with her, except with her own volun- tary consent, and he would be severely punished by the cazee, or judge, if the woman complained that he had outraged her by force. And should the wo- man consent and the union be a fruitful one the mere fact of having borne a child to her master frees the happy mother, and further imposes upon her former owner the duty of maintaining her for the rest of her life in his own household as an in- separable member of his family. She may be re- quired to perform certain domestic services, but can never be again gold, and is toall intents and purposes a sort of supernumerary wife. And, lastly, so far as the offspring of such commerce are concerned, the law {8 even more humane | still. Not only is the child free, but. he ig equal in all respects with the other white (or, rather, Arab-colored, for Semites can scarcely perhaps be called white) and legitimately born children. Provision must be made for him out of the estate of his father at his death the same as for the others, and should the vote of the assembled family call upon him to as- sume the headship of the family, which in Muscat is an elective not an hereditary distinction, he is as eligible as any of his half-brethren. To give a case in point, the present rulers of both Zanzibar and Muscat are largely colored with black slavg blgod, but are nowavibaleat obeyed ‘with the ue Re. dience by their white subjects as though they were of pure descent, | “e “THE NATURAL KINDNESS OF THE ARAB. The prejudice of color, indeed, is altogether unin- telligible, not to say abominably wicked and re- volting, in the eyes ofa good Moslem. To him all menare the children of Allah, the All-Wise, the All-Seing, the All-Benevolent One and only God; and that curious supposition, once so strongly favored in the South, that a negro has no soul ‘would strike him as an ineffably horrible and blas- phemous doctrine. Inequalities of fortune, how- ever, are a much more simple matter, and that a man should be 80 unlucky as to have @ master is, a8 he looks upon it, merely a decree of Allah, which, if the ‘man be wise and ptous, he will cheerfuily submit to. In consequence of these yiews the first thing an Arab does with hia slave is to try and make him a Mohammedan, and in this he is almost invariably successful; though now and then one hears of a negro still practising in secret the old heathen rites of his native land. And, the slave once converted, the two men—the owner and the owned—generally cultivate toward each other a kindliness of feeling which is sometimes singularly touching. The writer has seen a dhow set out for Zanzibar from Muscat in charge of a black slave captain, with a crew composed entirely of slave sailors. They were all perfectly contented and and the slave who was captain listened to his master’s final instructions in very much the same loyally respectful spirit that an American skipper would listen to his owner. That ship, of course, came back, and the slave captain gave his master a faithful account of his stewardship. As a further illustration of the spirit of Arab slavery, it may be said tiat on the death of an Arab his slaves are very frequently, if not always, liberated in pursuance of his last wishes, not bequeathed to his heirs. DARKER FEATURES. But, no matter how mild this bondage may be, | there is always in the background that terrible picture of the means by which the slaves are origi- nally procured—the native wars, the desola- tion of immense tracts of country, the deaths from heartache and the utter misery of forced abandonment of those ties which are, prob- | ably, as dear—yes, certainly as dear, though, per- | haps, unconsciously so—to black as to white. And again, there is another dark stain upon the sys- tem—the mutilation of the boys so as to fit them | for the duties of the eunuch. This hideous crime is perpetrated as soon after capture as convenient, and though only attempted with children of tender | age, it is said that at least four ont of five operated upon perish from the injuries they receive. Slavery, therefore, even at the best, is an accursed | thing, and every good man will rejoice that there is now a bright prospect of its being finally abol- ished in what {s now, perhaps, its greatest strong- hold, Doctor Livingstone’s Letters to the New York Herald Soliciting Its Aid for the Suppression of the Slave Trade on the East Coast of Africa, {From the London Spectator, August 3.) In Dr. Livingstone’s first letter to Mr. James Gordon Bennett, his earliest utterance, after years of silence, to the outer world, the illustrious trav- eller solicits the aid of the New YORK H&RALD to- ward the suppression of the slave trade on the East Coast of Africa. He might have chosen, per- haps, @ more appropriate ally in his crusade against this horrible trafic, but during his long exile he has had time to forget, if indeed it ever fellin his way to know, what has been until lately the relation of Mr. Bennett's powerful journal to slavery, the That Dr. Livingstone is in earnest, that his denunciation | of the trafic which disgraces Zanzibar is no | mere conventional expression of horror, may be judged from the fact that he sets its eradication higher even than the accomplishment of the in- spiring purpose which has led him back to the perilous excitements of African travel. “If my disclosures," he writes to Mr. Bennett, “regarding the terrible Ujijian si ry should lead to the sup- pression of the East Coast slave trade, I shall regard that as @ greater matter by far than the discovery of all the Nile sources together.” Ina later and longer letter he explains what the traffic which thus kindles his indignation really means. It is “a gross outrage of the common law of mankind,” an “open sore in the world,” and the miseries which {t inflicts upon its immediate victims are, after all, but a small part of the evil with which it is chargeable. Wherever slave-dealing existe it degrades tho population with whom it {s brought into contact, ‘aici ag well as mor and its pernticlows niente on the ‘character oF the trader is but little less marked than its effect on the nature of the slave. ore Livingstone beet io rue negro type, wi iden ancient Egyptian, “with his large ound bac 1, luscious lips and somewhat depressed of the natives of the West African coast, There, and on the Zanzibar coast algo, the slave trade has proioens a de led og with “low, retreating foreheads an Pe Jaws and lark heels,” no more to be as of the Jog conditions. thas “Dill Sykes,” of Betsy with the k eyes, favor- Dials. ® tate necepted as a type of English manhood. i » Fav’ has had unparaiiele: by ap wmtrined the negro in interior, and laws, cultivating their of their own rivers or grand old denizens of focent continents oh or under perean these circumstances he draws a pic- pect rep taneous grow in Ets principles or Ane suspicion. and. tte men they ane ry Wi togion ‘of the sisveteader's ‘unaore- greed. 1a the world go fruitful Ja Rindiiness, nor and simplicity that we, who could put an end, by no! cut ahand, to the evh tatuence which is fatal to them, sanction the continuance.of we on; iy national consctence? < 198 purified of Dr, Livingat mony tone to the horrors andthe cumulatively destructive effect of the East Far sl y BS lave trade, come to light at a singular- rtune moment, the ult, the subject varbroughit before the House of Peers by Lord Stratheden, who mo’ an address to the ved for Crown, pri for a more rigid enforcement of the ate Ee the trame fn question. The motion was seconded by the Bishop of Winchester, who felt, no doubt, that! he had an hereditary claim to vindicate the of Ai against the slaver. of the people frica the brief debate which en- sued reference was made to the evidence collected before a Foreign committee appointed by Lord Clarendon just eoveus to his death, and a select committee of the House of which inquired into the subject last year. Lord . discussion in the Mi Granville closed House of Lords & statement that the government, hav! obtained the adhesion of the principal cofvillzed States ‘concerned in the trade with Eastern were considerieg the most effective methods of dealing with evils which he admitted and de; |. A public meeting was subsequently held at the Mansion House to sustain the demand which had been p ‘upon the Foreign Office, Sir Bartle Frere, who, as Governor of Bombay, had the (ole oficial oj portunities of ascertaining the extent of the trafic in slaves, of which Zanibar is the grert entrepOt, expressed him- self not leas strongly than Bishop Wilberforce upon ace and ruinous effects of the Gurney, whose names, like the Bishop of ‘inchester, indicate an inherited zeal for human lom, and the latter of whom was chairman of the Select Committee of the House of Commons, drew from the facts recorded the fullest con- firmation of all which were asserted by Lord Stratheden and Sir Bartle Frere. The letters of Dr. Livingstone, which have been published at the com- Mencement of the present week, have more fully explained the character of the detestavle trade E it which per protests bt are levelled. appear, indeed, a waste of time to prove, as Dr, Livingstone does, that the slave waa an outrage upon hi ity, demo. all who are subjected directly or indirectly to its influence. But surely, when more than a generation after the death of Wilberforce we are told of the existence of cruelties as abominable, though not perhaps as ex- tensive, as thoge which he denounced, and of which he witnessed, as he believed, the final eradication ; when we are ‘authoritatively informed that this trafic receives a direct sanction from treaties which this country has concluded, no doubt with excellent intentions, but surely with a discouragin; ractical result, it is time that the people al ‘ge should know what are our actual relations to the slave trade of Zanzibar and the adjacent mainiand, For Zanzibar is not a mere barbarous independent State with which we have no other concern than to compel it, as far as we may, to keep the peace. The important and locreasing trade of this island, the centre of such commerce 8 eXists upon the eastern coast of Africa, has called into existence very peculiar relations of protection and dependency between the English movernment. snd se erp The rade of the oast is, in fact, ma: ¢ Pands of the Banians, Eatives’ of Wesern TAI had Bue Subject whe settle in Zanzibar, monopolize every branch of trafic and amass large fortunes. The witnesses before the Select Committee mere in complete agreement with Dr. Livingstone as to the fact that these Banians are the crafty and unscrupulous promoters of the slave trade at Zanzibar. “By thelr money, their muskets, their amunition,” says Dr. Livingstone, ‘the East African slave trade is mainly carried on; the cunning East Indians secure most of the profits of the slave trade, and adroitly let the odium rest on their Arab-agents. The Banians will not harm a fly or a mosquito, but my progress fo geography has led me to discover thaf they are by far the worst cannibals in all Africa, They com- pass, by means of Arab agents, the destruction of more human lives for gain in one year than the Manyema do for their fieshpots in ten.’ When the attention of Lord Palmerston was called to the | increasing horrors of the trade, the more striking | enue of the Geiqenay Ate ates to which Ld vigilance r cruise e stern pressure put tot the Seitized goseratnent Wid whlch we hues to deal, had reduced the West African traffic, the obviously simple and effective method of dealing with the evil was wunaccountably missed. No attempt was made to compel the Banians to give up their participation in the trade, though, a8 our subjects, it would | have been as easy to restrain thera by iaw from en- gaging In the traffic as it isto prevent them from | making a lucrative business from piracy. Unfortu- | nately, the English government was persuaded that | it would have been useless to attempt to induce the Sultan and pepe of Zanzibar to surrender all at once the profits of a traffic on which they had so long been accustomed to rely as a part of their | legitimate trade. Treaties were concluded with a view of “paving the way” for an extinction of the trade which recognized its legality within certain limits. The domestic slave trade of Zanzibar is not interfered with, and the exportation to Arabian ports and to the coast of Madagascar is also per- mitted. There can be little doubt that, undercover of the iast-mentioned privileged exportation, the | | trade has assumed dimensions which were not } countel upon when the treaties were | concluded, and the vigilance of our | cruisers 1s frequently evaded in directions where we never dreamed of permitting the export | of slaves. There appears to be some difficulty in obtaining statistics of even a proximate exactness | respecting the extent of the traffic and the waste of human life which it entails. Qr. Me ap of | course, cannot furnish figures upon the subject, and the estimate adduced in the House of Lords by the Bishop of Winchester 1s so large as to startle one into a doubt of its admissibility as evidence. The Bishop asserted that the annual export of slaves | from the mainland amounted to 90,000, which rep- resented from five to ten times that number of ne- groes carried off by the Arab agents of the slave- trading Banians. A less astounding calculation, which represents, We may suppose, the conclusions | of the committee, was made a meeting by the Recorder of London. The regis- tered number of slaves exported from Kilwa during the five years ending with 1867 was 97,200, or a Iittle under 20,000 @ year. As the 'Suitan’s tax upon slaves is levied at the | Kilwa Custom Honse, it is probable that these re- turns fairly represent the annual export from which he derives an average income of about twenty thou- | sand pounds. Mr, Russell Gurney, however, en- | dorses the most appalling part of the Bishop of Win- chester’s statement, affirming that four-fifths of the negroes | aaa in slavery perish before they reach e coast. The effect of the trade has been to lay waste dis- tricts once populous and fertile in the neighborhood | of the coast, so that the man-hunters are now com- peltet: to extend thetr forays ever more and more iniand, till they have come to drag their prey from districts, not long since happy and peacefni, 500 miles from the se If the trade is permitted to continue on its present footing, if the Sultan of Zanzibar be allowed to derive a large revenue from it, artfully managed for him by Banians, who make use of their position as subjects of the Queen to exact respect and authority from the inhabitants of the coast, it ig difficult to say when the miserable business will end. It must be remembered that we are not only —s the task of African exploration more and more dimMcult by toleratt e state of things which tends to depopulate the best part of Oentral Afri though this is @ consideration worth not- ing; are not only creating obstacles to the task of civilizing and ne the rich regions described by Livingsone, $4 one day per chil- dren, less reckless than we In sowing aside great Fespopalbitics may undertake—for such a forecast may be consi dere no ryterh we are doin, | what England has not yet learned to do withou' | shame, we are neglecting eee solemnly accepted | in the name of humanity. Ifno magnificent visions of geographical discovery, of colonizing and civiliz- | ing enterprise, have eee ae nowadays for Englishmen, we can fall back at least upon the de- | termination of this country to reduce the amount | * = ot haoman suffering, and to put an end to what | Wesley called “that execrable sum of all human villanfes,” the slave trade. be dimicult to find. The means it will not | The Sultan of Zanzibar can | scarcely be called an independent sovereign, and | his acguiescence in arrangements which would ab- | solutely extinguish the export of slaves and secure | an early termination even of the domestic trame | could be obtained, it is understood, for a moderate | Subsidy. Ifthis course be objected to, thongh we see no real ground for so objecting, we shall have | to fall back upon the rader and more direct method by bey subdued oo trade wl the Bey coast; but, one way or other, we must grapple with | the duty Which has now been plainly eet Meroe us. We can plead ignorance no longer, and we cannot decline the practical duties of that championship of humanity of which we have been so proud. AMAN AND HORSE KILLED BY LIGHTNING. PROvVIDENoR; R. I., August 13, 1872. During a thunder storm yesterday afternoon Henry Hill, of Scituate, aged seventy years, was struck by lightning and killed. He was riding from this city, and ar when he and his horse were killed, found dead on the road. DEATH ON THE RAIL. the Mansion House | | conveying his supplies. | & young About halfpast four o'clock yesterday afternoon ® small -boy named Willie Lassar, of 18 Eldridge i mmy Hudetn Wiver Rulrood, heer the ceric or wens nn the can i meaty fowenparton of i Sa iar ae a Ts hela odsy, ry by body. Aa inquest wl DOCTOR LIVINGSTONE. The Manyema Slave Trade and the Nile Water- shed—Charles Boeke on the Outflow of the Lualaba—Sir Henry Rawlinson’s Jealousy Rebuked. Doctor Livingstone’s Letter to Mr. Hore aco Waller—The Nile Watershed—A Fifty-four Daya’ March—The Manyema Slave Trade. Dr, Waller sends to the London Times some ex- tracts from a long letter written to him by Dr. Liv- ingstone, which has just been forwarded from Puris by Mr, Henry M. Stanley. Part of it was written at Ujiji in November, 1871, and two ‘postscripts bring it down to Unyanyembe, March 8, 1872. Dr. Waller thinks Dr. Livingstone hardly sees what has been ah the direct result of his heroic exertions, and of his outspoken declarations ageina the ap- rang bere trade going on in the interior, and Which is organized at Zanzibar. He is sawing the branch on which he is sitting, and cutting himself off. When the next mall gets to the Zanzibarba- rians they will feel, as they read his letters, that they must stop Hin, (or a supplies) or he will sto; them; and it behooves English spirit to rally round the champion of abolition. ‘Yhe following are por- tions of the extracts from the letters :— Usis1, November, 1871, My Dear Wauien—I received two ietiers from you in February last, and answered ‘epteinbe found rif in the spot th tone ete ee Beet, i. wind them ia the spot they were lett fice Authorities in Mangere had noglected to furnish the rest, man with yeloci and as I never saw these machi Teould hot arpe shelr adoption, and orought: the answers e to Uji myself They are cut of date now,and refer 19 them to ahow you that Tald not folRow tho Dae rehteh uand so many others adopted of withing speculating on Tshonld come ont, instead of w: fr ike Chris- Hans to cheer and help me while I way in. If Thad ever been known to swerve from a task I took in hand you would be excusable. Speaking of the Nile, he says:— ‘The watershed is at least soven hundred miles long, ar crossed and recrossed it, went backwards and forwards ina route I shall never attempt to de; ier of the way, dark, m and sidew v8 teplet ella my way, and every % ene roping. in the no cared “where tho “rivers ran. ‘The most intelligent traders thought that they all ‘ran into T; iV? 1e ran into Tangan; 4; SOMO ity Meat ns pe Wert 0} eloetrhare, When my task like ‘Briton. "dia. ot go ik + 1. ri any: Hid the jians were eager to rob me, as the; and Thad but a few is left 0} k which was plundered in coming to depot, I there- referred to expend them on the central line of drain- febb’s Lualaba, and a toi twas. By some we hallucination’ our friend Kirk placed some five hundred pounds of goods in the hands of a drunken half caste tailor as leader, who, after trading with soap, opium, brand and qu} owder for, sixteen, months, refused to 46 YU, ere sold off all for slaves and ivor: higaself, and'T returned to find myself destitute. ie from Unyanyembe, February 19, 1872, he Toavoid being fleeced by certain tribes near Ujiji, Mr. Gtenley. or south, then struck throug! ntainous country for ten days without a path going east; then reaclied part of my frlend’s previous route, which he had correctly put down, and so by his fidence moved on to Unyanyembe. Making it'’a mareh of fifty-four days, and much of it with out path, and raining almost every day as it it would never tire, we came here yesterday (February 18, 1872). Speaking of Mr. Young, who cleared up the story of his murder, he says :— Thave Just seen Young's book. nobly ani well, and I feel ‘a despatch of thanks to th Manyema slave d as the Portuguese, but the country Is lavish, of food, and fewer dle of starvation. Here the Banian British subjects are the great slavers by their money, The wretches dare not kill a gnat or a fica, yet it is no overdrawn ment to say that by their Toney and means they the worst Cannibals in all Africa, Kirk did not know this, or he would not have employed the chief slave-trader Luddha (ince dead) to aid mé by sending slaves, who all belleve firmly that they Are not to follow, but force me back. T shall not spare the villains who have caused me, the lose of two years in time, over cighteen hundred miles of tramp, and I do not know how much money; but all will come right at last. DAVID LIVINGSTONE, Another Letter from Charles Beke on Livingstone’s Late Discoveries. We have received the following letter from Dr, Charles Beke, the well-known African traveller, on the question of the outflow of the Lualaba:— S$ir—In your impression of this morning, when commenting on Sir Henry Rawlinson’s letter in the Times of yesterday, you say, ‘Geographers will agree with his remark that it is next to impossible for the Bahr-e!-Ghazal td be the outcome of the Lua- Jaba, and that more probably the Albert Nyanza receives this new line of drainage discovered by Livingstone. ‘Or it must be the upper course of the Congo,’ writes Sir Henry Rawlingson, forget- ting here aad that “in the fragmentary re tate rie n have Snpeared,) Livingstone particu- lany. insists upon the fact that he Jeft his new river stréaming decidedly northwards.” What you say is quite true. Dr. Livingstone's ex- ress words ip his letter to the proprietor of the New YorK HERALD, which appeared in your im- pression of the 29th ultimo, are:—‘I had serious doubts, but stuck to itlike a Briton; and at last tound the mighty river left its westing, and flowed Wy 2 away to the north.” Now the point where the traveller thus left the river is placed by him in four degrees south latitude and twenty-five degrees east longitude. But if from that point the Lualaba continued its course right away to the nortn it would not join the Congo, nor yet fow through the Albert Nyanza into the Nile; but it must, of necessity, tall into the Uelle, a river which—ax shown by me more in de- tail in the Atheneum of the 3d inst. (to-morrow) — was crossed in 1870 by the German traveller, Dr. Schweinfurth, and found by him to have its sourw in about two degrees north latitude and thirty de- Et east longitude, in the Blue Mountains, which ound the Albert Nyanza on the west, so that it completely shuts up the basin of the Bahr-el-Ghazal, or western arm of the Nile, and renders all commu- nication with it from the south not merely “next to," but physcially inrpossible. The River Uelle of Dr. Schweinfurth appears to be identical with a large river in that direction said to flow into the Shary, of which bi CounEEy EAR Dr. Barth, heard many years ago; and, inasmuch as on the meridian of twenty-five degrees east, where it is already a considerable river, three hundred miles and more in length, its course is not more than about the same distance from Livingstone’s “furthest,” it mevitably follows that unless the Lualdba takes a decided turn either to the east or to the west from its course “right away to the north” within those 300 miles {t cannot avoid join- ing the Shary, and through this river falling into Lake Chad, It appears to me to be utterly impos- sible to gainsay this. Still, I believe, for my own part, that my good friend Dr. Livingstone is mistaken in his idea that the course of the Lualaba continues northwards for any considerable distance, but that, on the contrary, it is deflected to the northeast, and 60 flows into the Albert Nyanza, and thus forms the main stream of the Nile.—I ay Cs obedient DHA did hig work right I mention He 0 in ce. .* © © The servant, ES BEKE, RBIGATE, August 2, 1872. Dr. Livingstone, The Herald and the Royal Geographers. {From the London Telegraph, August 2.] As the President of the Royal Georgraphical So- ciety, Sir Henry Rawlinson has written a letter ex- plaining that no meeting of the society has been convened, as was expected and announced, for the reason that poring. has been received at Savile row from Dr. Livingstone. All that Sir Henry has seen in the traveller's handwriting is @ batch of letters mainly relating to the bad conduct of those who were charged with transmitting or With this unfortunate question the society and its President have natu- rally ne wish to meddle, and, therefore, they are waiting to see whether the communications which Mr. Stanley brings to London with him contain any fresh geographical and personal facts. If they do, the President far? that the meeting of the British Association at Brighton, in the course of the next fortnight, will furnish an opportunity quite early enough for communicating such in- telligence to the public. All this, we fear, con- ceals a certain chagrin to which Sir Henry Raw- lingon, as @ large-Qearted man sO science, ought not t give way. It must, no doubt, be a little vexatlotis to geographers—who like to receive tidings from their emissaries in the grand, slow, traditional manner—to witness New York correspondent “wiping the eye” of their “Search Expedition” in the most triumphant. manner, and bringing home to ourselves and to the HERALD the cream of Living- stone's latest discoveries. We are afraid that the learned President can scarcely forgive this new and energetic modern spirit of journalism which does what royal societies and search expeditions oniy talk about—saves years explorer’s life and se- cares the fruits of his heroism to the world, At such a time we must not criticize too unkindly the remarks of Sir Henry Rawlinson, who, indeed, is scarcely civil even to the Doctor about th ile, so vexed 13 he at the way in which things have been managed. Geographers will agree with bis remark that it is next to impossible for the Bahr-el-Ghazal to be the outcome of the Lualaba, and that more robably the Albert Nyanza receives this new Rine of drainage discovered by Livingstone, “Or it must be the upper course of the Congo," writes Sir Henry, forgetting here, apparently, that, “in the fragmentary geographical notices which have eared,’’ Livingstone particularly insists upom the fact that he left his new river streaming decisively northwards. As to the society's own expedition, we are not surprised to hear that the delibeyations on Monday last ‘terminated in expressions of re- ret.” Ifever there was @ contrast which looked awkward and unsatisfac' it is that instituted b, events between the ia | lew Yorker, who “wen and did it,” and that elaborately eq ad and useless Anabasis, which accomplishes a8 ~ at an areas ee = anon re: ston and spoked withe an! but” ints Sir Henry Rawlinson, “ le who admire Mr. Stan- ley and y the news; #0 much, must remember that the atores wi royal i) eh the Doctot now possesse: ition.” Now we must reply with re- hy red by inyanyem| A ete) self of the es- and those whioh ha ie up with the a esol Maid rovided frown the funds of the society € supplies recovel Livingstone at th ir wn) ed fey reNol goods, ald he was Oniy v tore oft Btanley. “ato thee is recently for- F Sey TU. Oey So9ch the, Bodom, 3 ‘ And we will tell hipn something here whieh 01 to sweep away petty jealousies de) hints, ‘The beads, brass revolver: ammunition, stores and ad &c., which . Stank freely handed over, to ‘Livingstone at parting were worth £4,000 in trading value where they lay. These, and n others, are the resources upon which the travel- ler now depends to complete for us his momentous researches. The goods at Unyanyembe will not his grain and rent bills at Ujiji. Those who hat saved his life have also set him up with the to crown its noble toils, and it would be far becoming in royal raphers to vie with one an- other in moving. the Americans than to nibble. at their credit. “It is Livingstone who has ey Staniey’’—this was the opinion at Saville row before ‘We published our intelligence; but now, since idea is abolished, let generous and honorable Be mod Sen men, CL one no more of fool- ing at fac jo not happen to bear’ the FR ‘c 8. stamp. we Other Letters Received from the Great, Explorer. Letters addressed to the late President, Mr.’ Bates, Admiral Richards and Mr. Horace Waller, have been received. They do not contain ang ge phical information, They are filled o with complaints about the plunder of his stot i Allusions are made to geographical facts of some terest and importance not -yet published, one 0} which is that he had not yet discovered the outle to Lake Tanganyika; the other, that the Lualaba and its lakes were very much below the level of Albert Nyanza. The letters are chiefly written from Unyanyembe in February last.—Atheneum The Diary of Dr. Livingstone. (From the Irish (Dublin) Times, July 31.) A Central News telegram states on good authori that the diary of Dr. Livingstone, forwarded Miss Livingstone, now in Ireland, will in no be published unless intelligence of the great ex-, plorer’s death reaches England, and the dlar: ‘was sealed by the Doctor himself, with instructions! to this effect. The Royal Geographical Society, probably alive to the inexpediency of prolonging) suspense as to the conduct of the respeetive mem- bers of the Relief Expedition till the maine i ivi Re. the British Association at Brignton, have reso! to issue to the subscribers of the “Search. and Re-, Hef Fund” printed copies of the letters of tha leaders of the expedition, with an account of theix, experiences, immediately. THE CATHOLIC UNION. Offeriif to Pope Pins the Winth—Pres¢nte- tion of 27,600 Francs in Gold—The Address to the Holy Father. It seems that to meet the occasion of the twenty- sixth anniversary of the elevation of Pope Pius IX. to the Pontificate the Catholic Union of New York forwarded to the Holy Father, through Cardinal Barnabo, an address of congratulation, accom- panied by an offering of 27,500f. in gold. We subjoin an English version of the address, which was signed, in behalf of the 4,225 members of the Circle, by alt the active members of the Council. A translation of the letter sent at the same time to the Cardinal 1s also given, with His Eminence’s answer, com- municating the Holy Father's apostolic benediction and his warm approval of the genera] design and past action of the Council :— ADDRESS TO THE HOLY FATHER. Most Ho.y FatneR—The Catholic Union (Circle of New York) sees with joy the approach of the day on which commences the twenty-seventh year of your glorious and eventful Pontificate. ‘ney: eagerly embrace this occasion to renew the con- gratulations agectionately tendered to Your Holl- ness atwelvemonth ago, and then so kindly ac- sepiee and acknowledged. } tthat time just starting into existence, our little fraternity grieved that it could do no more.’ Now, after one year’s enjoyment of the fruits of: the apostolic benediction, we venture to add toour naked congratulations the ardent expression of our filial fidelity, our admiration and our love. Among the many blessings which flow from your miraculous Pontiticate it is not the least that your children are everywhere made strong by the sight of the nameless indignities inflicted upon your sa- cred person by a thankless and cold-hearted world. If we succeed in deserving your regard it will be due to the wonderful example of your saintly en- durance of oppression. } If we are moved to renew our poor endeavors to rove our faith by the real amendment of our lives! it is because your heroic sacrifice in behalf of your children demand this and more at their hands. If we are fervent in our prayor and steadfast in our. work for your intention itis because we fee)..what you are suffering and ready still to suffer for-us: ’ If our hearts, day by day, are drawn closer to yours it is because the wrongs you have so nobly, sustained have roused in us a spirit of resolute de- votion that never can be satisied until our Pontifr and King is restored to the tull measure of his ina- enable tights, Accept, most Holy Father, the offering, however. humble, which accompanies this expression of our love, and let your never-failing charity give it value in your sight. Itis the tribute pe of the children ‘of comparative want, for our holy faith has not yet subdued, in this new land, the hearts of many children of wealth. One-half of what wo offer we owe to @ noble zeal kindly responsive to our prayers, and especially made known in the note We have joined to this address. We ask, in concluston, Holy Father, for ourselves, for our associates, and for all you would include, the priceless favor of a@ benediction from the’ Apostolic Chair, pronounced by one who, thence speaking, can never fail in any truth he dispenses or in any blessing he invokes. HENRY JAMES ANDERSON, Chairman, &c. RicwarD H. CLARKE, Corresponding Secretary. L, B, Binsse, Cons, Gen, Henry James Anderson, William S. Caldwell. Charles O’Conor. Carmelo F. Caruana. Richard H. Clarke, An F, H. Churchill, Jharles N. Morse. James Lynch. fohn Mullaly. Charles 8, Newell. Thomas H. O'Connor. T. Francis O'Reilly, John E. Develin, Jeremiah Deviln. george, V. Hecker. Callaghan, Eugene Kelly, Frank A. Otis, Cornelius Dever. T. James Glover. John McKeon. James A. McMaster. . O'Shea. ‘ John H, Power. nis Quinn, Samuel A Raborg. Edward H. Anderson. Denis Sadiier. wis J. White. lartin T, McMahon. John Gilmary Shea. ’ R. Storrs Willis. Robert W. Bowyer. James M. Slevin. . P, Byrne. y Mathew Byrnes. William J. Donnelly. Michael Feeley, William ig Hg Patrick Hagan. William H. 1d. William J. Hughes, P. M, Haverty. Edward H. Ives. Joseph A. Kernan. Lawrence D, Kiernan. John D. Kelley. Alexander Patton. R. T, Woodward. a Frank X. Sadiier, William 8, Preston. Charles Tracey. P. F. Dealy, 8, J. To “aps at Ost EASNAEC oi " 'y LorpD Carpinat—I am the Counch of the Catholic Union of ns Arehalocens to forward te you, for submission to the Hol: Father, the accompanying addréss, om the happ occasion of his entrance upon the twenty-seven’ year of his Pontificute, remit at the Same time a draft lo your order for 27,600 france 1d), to be, reverently presented to His Holiness, @ manne! {ert to your discretion, a8 a frst offering from the Circle ot New York. 5 The Council has also desired that it should be known that nearly one-half of this sum remitted: was the net proceeds of a lecture which, at the so- licitation of the Catholic Union, the Very. Rev.’ Father Thomas N. Burke, of the Order of Domini. cans, consented to delivér, im aid of our exe to make good the offering which the Counell had propose to collect and transmit. " The Council begs me to add that they will esteem) themselves highly honored if this presenta of the address and offering can be accom through your kind mediation. They rénew the assurance of their grateful sense’ of ali that you have done for the propagation of our lioly faith in these lands, and of your kind aparee ation of our interest in the present auspi- oe perean towards @ more closely united Jathol iy. } The Council Your Eminence to accept the. assurance of their devoted attachment, to which I venture to add the renewed expression of my affec- tionate veneration, In the name of my associate: iENRY JAMES ANDERSON, Chairman Executive Committee. FROM CARDINAL BARNABO To HENRY JAS. ANDERSON, Chairman, &c. :— . ‘ Me og ahd ber = audience rgnees er. lay, June 25, I made it my espec! 'y, observ> ing all the necessary forms, to present to the Hi Father the draft for 27,600 francs, ld, forwardes by you to me, under cover transmitted by Miss E. B, Edes, now in Rome; and J also, at the same time, took care to submit with due reverence address which accompanied the draft. It gt to state to rea thi me pleasure to be able now Cee the on Union the His Holiness accepted with the liberal offer made to him of the Circle of New York. Sovereign Ponti expressed his assurances of sincere contained not only in the letter of explanation wi you wrote me in rej ence to the same, and which likewise was duly laid pot) ha By nn . adfectionate lan: c personally tate ‘trendioge idiocene of New Loree wor jon ry a3 lar members of. that ie, and to all, in short, thas property Torey pasy OF ley Mevapemony Beseele” on. f Nor ought I to neglect to say to you that His Holl- to see the ness ressed & wide dis- pay eo own of the greatest atfection and good towards the in . ie y sagita that T have it in my tone the bene YS ape ‘on this occasion by ii, Rotinemy renew DARD. BARNABO. Sune 2308 pleasure t eet