The New York Herald Newspaper, July 25, 1872, Page 5

Livi Herald Special Report from London. ‘The Commander of the Herald Search Expedition at Marseilles and for Britain by Paris. Important Despatches from the Explorer for England. His Thanks to the American Enterprise. English National Anxiety for the News. Parliament To Be Informed of the Facts. ‘Tribute of Praise in Acknowledgment of the Press Triumph. TELEGRAM TO THE KEW YORK HERALD. The following special despatch to the ‘Henarp has been received from our corre- Spondent in the British capital :— Lonpon, July 24, 1872. Telegraphic despatches from Marseilles an- mounce the arrival of Mr. Stanley, com- mander of the Heratp Search Expedition lately serving in Africa, in that city to-day. He took the train for Paris and will proceed direct to London from France. LIVINGSTONE’S LETTERS, Stanley carries important letters from Liv- ingstone, addressed to distinguished men in England. ‘THANES OF THE TRAVELLER TO THE HERALD, Doctor Livingstone also handed to Mr. ‘Stanley a letter of thanks for the editor of the New York Henarp in acknowledgment of the great service rendered to the cause of science, as well as to tho traveller himself, by the Heznaxp Search Expedition. NATIONAL ANXIETY FOR THE AMERICAN’S NEWS. Groat interest is manifested by the English daily and scientific press in the movements of Stanley. His arrival in Great Britain is looked forward to with impatience and curiosity, the more so as he is known to be in possession of the story of Livingtone’s strange adventures during the long years he was cut off from com- munication with the civilized world. ‘TRIBUTE TO THE TRANSATLANTIC PRESS TRIUMPH. Of all sides there is a genuine desire to pay tribute to the unexampled spirit of enterprise which brought this splendid search expedition to a brilliant and successful termination. PARLIAMENT TO BE INFORMED OF THE FACTS. It is reported to-day that the Foreign Office has received despatches from Doctor Living- stone, of the date of November last. The com- munication of the papers to Parliament has, however, been postponed until Monday next, when Mr. Stanley, who is the bearer of further ‘communications from the explorer, is expected to reach London. SPAIN. ‘Amadeus’ Tour in the Provinces and His Recep- tion by the People. TELEGRAM TO THE WEW YORK HERALD. MApRID, July 24, 1872. King Amadeus arrived at Santander to-day and ‘was enthusiastically received. The town was gaily decorated, the streets were filled with immense crowds, who gave deafening cheers as Mia Majesty passed by. The King goes to Ferrol, Corruna, Bilbao, San Sa- bastien, Pampeluna and Zorrila, and then returns to Madrid. "FRANCE, Convicted Communists at the Death Post—Labor TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. Parts, July 24, 1872, “Three of the Communists convicted by court ‘martial of taking part in the slaughter of the forty- seven hostages in the Rue Saxo, and sentenced to suffer death, will be shot at Satory to-morrow morning. The death sentences of three others have been commuted to imprisonment at hard labor for life. TRADE STRIKES AND AGITATION, ‘The coal miners in the Departments of the Nord and the Pas de Calais are on strike. At Denain and Donai disturbances are reported, and a de- tachment of infantry has been sent to the mines Dear the latter place. RUSSIA. ‘The Cholera Plague Abating—Decrease in the Death Rate. TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. St. Purerspura, July 24, 1872. Accounts from various portions of Russia show that the cholera scourge is abating its violence ‘throughout the empire, a considerabie decrease in the rate of mortality being reported. The number of deaths occurring from this cause in this city during the past week were 125, in Mos- cow 32, and in YACHTING ‘IN EUROPE, Termination of tho Channel Match of the Royal Victoria Club, TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. Lonnow, July 24, 1872, The Channei Match of the Royal Victoria Yacht Club for the £500 cup, which was fixed to take Place on tue 22d fast, was not finished until yes- terday, although the yachts started on Monday. The course was from Ryde, on the Isle of Wight, across the Channel to Cherbourg and back again. The cup was won by Mr, 0, Thelluson'’s schooner yacht Guinevere. NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, JULY 25, 1872—WITH SUPPLEMENT. NGSTONE. | IMPORTANT FROM MEXICO. Herald Special Report from | Senator Witson and Fred Douglass ileved Matamoros. President Juarez Dead of Apoplexy and Lerdo de Tejada Chief of State. A Peaceful Succession and National Honor to the Memory of the Dead Chief. Reports from the Provincial Scenes of Civil Strife. #7 ROBBERY OF AMERICANS. So The Situation in General at the Latest Moment. TELEGRAMS TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. The following special despatch to the Hepaxp has been received frem our corres- pondent in Matamoros :— Maramonos, June 24, 1872. General Ceballos telegraphs from Saltillo to- day, that His Excellency President Juarez died on the 18th instant, of an attack of apoplexy. General Rocha reports by telegraph, of a still later moment of date, from Monterey to the commander of this plaza, confirming the news of the death of Juarez. Rocha states that ‘Benito Juarez died in the night, from an attack of apoplexy, which seized him at five o’clock in the evening of the 18th of July.” RECEPTION OF THE NEWS BY THE PEOPLE. The news forwarded by Rocha from Monte- rey was received by all classes with astonish- ment, and was not credited until it was con- firmed bya second despatch from the same source, HONOR TO THE MEMORY OF THE DEAD CHIEF. Rocha directed that the national flags and all the government ensigns should be placed at half-mast in respect to the memory of the deceased Chief Magistrate, THE EXECUTIVE SESSION. The Presidency of the republic devolves on Lerdo de Tejada, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, and until recently, Secretary of Foreign Affairs in President Cabinet, but lately opposition to the government, and regarded as sympathizing with the revolutionists. Although he re- mained in the city of Mexico he took no active part with the insurgents. Tejada will act as President until the Con- gress orders an election to fill the vacancy, CONFLICT AND BATTLES IN THE FIELD AND CITIES. There is a rumor prevailing to the effect that General Rocha has been defeated at Salinas, distant six leagues from Monterey. General Martinez is reported to have occu- pied San Luis on the 14th instant without re- sistance. Guadalajera has pronounced against Gover- nor Corona, who was driven out by the inhabi- tants. Juarea’s in SENSIDLE ACTION, The state of siege which has been main- tained here at Matamoros was raised, and the National Guard disbanded yesterday. PLUNDER OF FOREIGNERS. Four Americans, who left this place yester- day in private conveyances for Monterey, wero robbed within ten leagues of the city. General Martinez’s Assault on San Luis and its Repulse by the National Guards—Government Success on the Fronticr=Plans of Trevino and Qul- roga. MaTamoRos, July 23, 1972. The government forces having been generally withdrawn from San Luis Potosi when General Rocha advanced on Monterey, the revolutionary General Martinez took the opportunity to attack San Luis with about six hundred cavalry, but after a fight of several hours he was repulsed by the Na- tional Guards and citizens, with considerable loss. General Rocha has despatched a cavalry force in pursuit of Martinez. Both parties at Monterey are inactive. The revolution in the State of Tamaulipas having been suppressed, the whole frontier of the States of Nuevo Leon and Cohahuila in possession of the government, leaving the insurgents without a port or single point of importance, and the country be- ing practically pacified, the military authorities to- day issued a proclamation raising the state of siege, annulling martial law, abolishing the passport sys- tem and other military restrictions which have prevailed for several months and restoring the civil rule, Colonel Ramirez's regiment arrived from Mon- terey this morning, and will occupy the fortif- cations, relieving the National Guard, which will be disbanded. * General Ceballos is expected soon to assume the command of the line of the Rio Grande. General Rocha, at Monterey, will operate against the revo- lutionists still in the mountains, TREVINO AND QUIROGA. It is believed that the commission sent by Gen- erals Trevifio and Quiroga to the city of Mexico have made terms with the government, and that | the revolutionary chie{s will submit to the authority of President Juarez or leave the country after dis- | banding their followers, Ratlrond Speculation from the Capital to California and Vice Versa—Kobbery, Murder and Executions, SAN FRANCISCO, July 24, 1872, The steamer Montana brings advices from Gaay- mas and Mazatlan, The Legislature of Sonora has ratified the con- cession to a California company for a raiiroad from Guaymas to Tucson, Arizona, and United States Consul Willard has started for the city of Mexico with the documents for the signature of President | Juarez, Straggling bands of revolutionist highwaymen, taking advantage of the return of Peaquicra to Sonora, and Rocha’s march castward, oceupizd Culiacan committing robberies and murders ia, the interior of Sinaloa. ‘The federal troops have shot thirty-cighs 6f them in Mazatlan. 1% VIRGINIA. Stumping the Old Dominion. REPUBLICAN GATHERING IN RICHMOND. Orations from Africa and Massachusetts. The Natick Cobbler on Liberty and Republicanism. FIVE THOUSAND NEGRO Ex-Governor Orr's Letter from South Carolina--- Grant and Greeley Republicans. LISTENERS. Ricumonp, Va., July 24, 1872, This has been a great day for the republican party of Richmond, Never before were so many colored voters seen assembled together as filled the City Spring’s Park this afternoon to a perfect jam. It was a splendid place for such a gathering, a8 the ground gently slopes towards a common centre from all sides, forming a natural amphitheatre. The stand was aituated atthe centre potnt, and the surrounding hill sides were covered with the thick mass of human beings. Great prepara- tions had been made in advance for this meeting which was to be a grand Grant and Wilson ratifica- tion demonstration, a sort of starting point from which to date the beginning of the canvass in Virginia. The colored men from all the country around had been pressed into service to swell the Yanks, ahd they were all present, thetr expenses probably being defrayed out of the campaign fund. All the prominent white republicans of the State were also in attendance. The meeting was organized by appointing James H. Clements, Postmaster of Portsmouth, chairman, and the proceedings were fully inaugurated by music, a band being present, which played the national airs. The stand was handsomely decorated with flags and banners, and the colored people, having arrayed themselves in their best attire, everything assumed the appear- ance of a grand holiday occasion. The stand was filled with prominent white and colored repub- licans, many of them visitors from abroad. Among those from the North were Senator Henry Wilson and Mr, Fred Douglass. After the meeting had been fully organized the presiding officer INTRODUCED FRED DOUGLASS, who delivered a very conservative and well tem- pered speech, which is very highly spoken of by the white people of the city. The following is a brief synopsis of his remarks. He commenced by a brief allusion to the days of his own life which were passed in slavery, and claimed to be a Virginian, atleast by descent, and a Southerner by birth and preference. He never would have left the South but for a desire in his, a3 in every breast, to enjoy the blessings of life, iberty and happiness. In response to this in- stinct he had become a runaway, and, a8 a conse- quence, had enlisted in a lifelong fight for freedom. He had been charged with life-long hos- tility to a cherished institution of Virginia, and the charge was true, for he was a bitter op- ponent of slavery; but he claimed that he had done nothing that any white man would not have done under similar cir- cumstances. He had, in opposing sMvery, only followed out the line of conduct marked out by ‘Thomas Jefferson and Patrick Henry. (Applause.) ‘They as Virginians, and he as a Virginian, were lovers of liberty. He rejoiced that he could now stand a free man on tne free soil of Virginia, A few years ago it would not have been healthy for A FUGITIVE SLAVE to have ventured to Richmond. When he was in- vited he had to send his compliments and re- rets; but now the atmosphere was a ittle pleasanter, and he could speak out his sentiments unrestrained. He — ther%iore congratulated his fellow-citizens of Richmond, especially those of his own color, upon their changed circumstances, Things well enough for the South in the days of slavery would not suit her at all now. The time was when education was reacribed. The negro must not be taught his letters; he must not be taught to read; it endangered the peace of the community and the permanence of the government. But now the school house is thrown open to all peopie of all colors and a free general education is the hope of the community, Poo Dicer rag Many other desirable changes had been wrought, thanks be to God,and the republican paity. Mr. Douglass then referred to the pending struggle between the great national parties, He had heard it said all the intelligent colored people of the South were going to vote for Horace Greeley. (Cries of “Never,” “Narya time,” &c.) Ifthat was so he hoped and believed there were very FEW INTELLIGENT COLORED PEOPLE IN VIRGINIA. Pd rete He was not going to abuse Mr. recley; he honored and respected him as a life- long champion of liberty. He wouid like to vote for | Horace Greeley, but the difficulty was to know which Horace Greeley he was voting for. There had been many Horace Greeley’s in his lifetime. He would like to vote for him as an abolitionist, as a Jeb choy ye g as @ Mr ba Hg and as a brother editor, but if he did vote for him how could he tel! whether he was votigg for the founder of the re- publican pert, of thirty years ago or for the head and front of the democratic party of to-day’ (Ap- plause.) HE OBJECTED TO GREFLEY because he was an uncertain man. He was neither fish, flesh, fowl, nor even good bran bread. ( Good.) His election would be one of the greatest evils that could befall the country, No; wi we want isa man withaciear head anda steady hand at the helm of government. Such a man is Ulysess 8. Grant. (Applause.) (A voict hree cheers for Grant.”) Mr. Dovatass—Yes, you may stop Just here as well as anywhere, and give him three cheers, but lift your, hats, every one of you, and make them strong and hearty. The crowd then gave three rousing cheers, led by the speaker. Mr. Douglass then eulogized Grant at length. He was @ brave soldier, bold statesman and good man. He denied that he was surrounded by a military ring and was wunapproachable to the people. No man was more accessible to the Reople, except, perhaps, Abraham Lin- coin and Charlies Sumner. le also eulogized Senator Wilson in the highest terms, and cailed ‘upon the audience to view his noble face, which he said was a living benediction. He now gave way in order that this vast assemblage might gaze in the daylight upon the countenance of the next Vice President of the United States, (Great applause.) The band then played “Hail Columbia,” after which Mr. Clements introduced Hon. Henry Wilson, of Massachusetts. SPEECH OF SENATOR WILSON, Mr. WILSON commenced by expressing his great satisfaction at having the privil be i of following a speech of Fred Douglass upon the soil of “Old Virginny.”” Mr. Douglass was a statesman whom he delighted to honor; his voice had been lifted in this country and in_ others on many occasions, and always on the side of liberty and justice. This representative republican had, however, this day taken the stump forthe first time, and he had given utterance to some great central thoughts which he i Wilson) needed only to enlarge upon. Mr. Wilson then earnestly invoked those present, and the great Southern people whom they represent, to rally to the support of the republican party and its great leader, Ulysses S. Grant. (Applause.) THE REPUBLICAN PARTY ia a party of freedom and progress; it Is founded upon the eternal principles of truth. There is no. actofits life and no plank of its platform uvon which a Christian man or woman could not go into his or her closet and jnvoke the blessing of God, In God is our trust, and truth is our | watchword, The colored people should stand by that party, for it had given them free- dom; it had insuredthem equal civil and ore | rights, and upon it were based ail their hopes of future enlightenment and prosperity. (Appiause.) But the white people also should stand by It, for it was not the party of race, color or class; it was designed to do all men good, Wor thirty years the republicans of the North have been maligned and abused, but now all do them honor. Their priaciples have now received the endorsement of all parties. The democrats, even, | have gone to Baltimore and done itp service to a life-long republican. But hate should anybody come tnto tue vepublicaa party by such @ round. | abomt and questionable route? Why not come in at, the wide open door? Ile that eptereth other. wise is @ thief and a robber! — (Langiter an applause.) The ranks of the republican part not yet lull, though embracing TURWE MILLION AND A TALE OF yor The door ts still open, and alt ghod citizens will- y wore | Pier sevens the history of the war, defining the policy of the administration and grey ay the of peace and justice. He interest just: especially ad- dressed himself to the old Henry C! gana old Js democrats, and begged them ae in the work of reconstruction and reconciliation. desired success was not achieved, but he be- that had his advice been followed, and had a ir it been shown by the republican leaders the State would have been sooner ad- Been sooner secured, andthe “fopublcos part? re would have had a . sila IN VIRGINIA TO-DAY. MAJORITY OF 10,000 Mr. Wilson then reviewed at length the history of the vy ny dg 4 in connerion with the mecee. struc’ mending it as wise, merci and patriotic. In aking of the Ku Kinx acts led attention to the their enactment, defended them servatives to notice was the most zealous advocate for the pass: of those acts. Every act of the administration in the work of reconstruction had received Greeley's spore, If democrats had come to take the same view of these things they had indeed been con- verted. But he thought they were not converted— only convicted in this case. “He was in favor of the enforcement of the old Methodist rule of probation. Let the new converts stay six months on pro! tion, and we can then ju of the sincertty of their endorsement of the Cincinnati platform, of their eulogiums of Greeley and of their admiration for Charles Sumner. ( pplanee:) If they are sincere they will vote for Grant for President and send to Congress from this district a man who will VOTE VOR MR, SUMNER'S CIVIL RIGHTS, Great applause.) Let them elect a republican overnor and @ republican Legislature, and per- haps after all this their right to call themselves liberal republicans will be vindicated, Mr. Wiison concluded with a diction for the success of the republican party in November by an overwhelming majority, aud spoke with enthusiasm. Of the glorious future before that party; a neces- sity for it still existed, and it would vindicate its right to existence by a future as brilliant as the past. He took his seat amid great applause. LETTER FROM AN KX-GOVERNOR OF SOUTH OARO- LINA, The following letter was recetved from James L. Orr, ex-Governor of South Carolina :— ANDRRSON, 3. C., July 20, 1872. Pour comimunication of the 17th en invited b; ol the Executive Committee. of the republican party o Virginia resent and address the mass meeting on the Richmond. eret very much that official engagements preclude “me froin Accepting your invitation, It would have afforded mo much pleasure to havo’ urged upon that occadon my) old friends of | the demoora prior to to vote for Grant and Wil clr Con- vention have nominated recley = and. President and. Vice Brown, and to vote for them requires'an absolute aban- donment of every cherished tenet of the democtatic party. If they can vote for Greeley republicans why Dot for Grant repnblicans? Has not the ad- ministration of the latter been eminently suc- wl in preserving peace at home and abroad, icing taxation upon the people iM millions per reducing the expenditures of the government Sin—I am in receipt of inst,, informing mo that m fe-long President, inthe same proportion; In paying off nearly four hune dred million dollars’ of the public debt, and in tho financial credit of the country at elevating home and abroad. With @ change of administration be made and'a new m: placed in position who, his ardent friends will not ve ure to assert, possesses executive ability? Are these old line democrats controlled by passion or by judgment? Is not their hostility to Grant an unquo le hate of the government he represents, or an antipathy to him ag the successful leader of the Union forees to victory over us? Dothey appreciate the fact that the government, its laws and authority have been re-established over all the States of the Union, and that it 1s the part of wisdom to ceage clinching the hates and hostilities of the past and commence to cultivate kindly and friendly relations in the future? If they continue to make thelr hostilities against the republican party of the South the basis of partial action, why should not the South with equal propriety make bad passions of the war the basis of their politica: action towards the North? If I were at your meeting t would conjure every old line democrat'in Virginia to hesitate long betore he determined to cast his vote against General Grant after having resolved to vote the repub- lican ucket. Thavethe honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, SAses 1, ORR, To Joun W. Waxs, Itichmond. Speeches were also mado by Colonel John R. Pop- ham and Colonel R. W. Hughes, two of the most proisintnt republicans of the State. Colonel lughes was one of the editors of the Examiner during the war, and is now the rena aas candi- date for Congress in the Eighth district. There were over five thousand negroes present in the Park during the speaking. Very few whites were among them, and those not sympathizers. At the conclusion of the speaking, which con- tinued until dark, the vast assemblage formed in procession, and with torches, Chinese lanterns, music, fags, banners and transparencies paraded the prindipal streets. The display was a mag- nificent one, the grandest political pageant witnessed in Richmond since the war. There were several thousand in line, while the sidewalks were thronged all along the line with colored pee of all ages and sexes. Everything passed o1 math There was not the slightest disturbance during the day, and the very best feeling prevailed among all claases, OBITUARY. Benito Jaarez. Special advices addressed to the HFRALD by telegtam from Matamoros and Monterey, Mexico, last night, announce the death by apoplexy of Benito Juarez, President of Mexico. In connection with this very important news we publish the fol- lowing biographical sketch of the deceased states man and republican ruler, In the northeastern portion of this State is a mountain defile through which runs @ narrow and tortuous road, winding around the base of one of the conical peaks of the great Cordilleras, Within the passof Oaxaca, at no great distance from the such a record, why should + fegzivatent to aur Chiet Supreme Court of Justice by of that oiiee, #140 dustice), and became, by Vice President. THR MEXICAN REBBLLION. Mexico a military rebellion, ted by the Chu against ‘the conatitatio, authorities, br ge rt proved puniens, Cage ot ‘finally country, Jusrez remgine: firm and true to principle. rks nt, tho n ‘ico Presidency, on the flight of Comonfort, éevoived eee et at , forthwith taro, where he issued ao tion reo! ‘izing the rmment, sought to forces wherewith to put down the rebellion ané re-establish the supremacy of the con- stitution and the laws. It was an arduous, and seemed to @ hopeless, task. Almost without means, with all the influence of the Churoh and the army inst him, he had to fail back and establish his seat of government successively at Guanajuato, Guadalajara, and finally, @ perilous sea voy~ age, at Vera Cruz. Ps ACKNOWLEDGED BY THR UNITED STATES. There, on the 6th of April, 1859, while the capital was still in tne hands of ‘the rebels, he was ac- knowledged by the United States as lawful ruler of Mexico, and diplomatic relations were opened witit re which have continued unbroken to tie present ang CONSTITUTIONAL REFORMS, Well did the very first acts of Juarez justify the coniidence which Induced his recognition, Kmbar- Yrassed as he was by the rebellion, he neglected not the cause of conatifutional liberty. In July, 1869, at Vera Cruz, were promulgated what aro’ usually known as ‘The Laws of Reform,” secnring religious Uberty, establishing the tndependence between Church and State, legalizing civil marriage, declar- ing the immense real estate of the clergy to be national property, and directing its sale; sup- ee conventual establishments throughout tie THE REBELLION QUELLED. The gauntlet’ was thrown-down and issue joined at the sword’s point. Three years of stubborn sougie and persistent effort followed. The power of a trained army and the wealth of a clergy tght- for their temporal-p ssessions on one ‘de; the industrious masses, oe but determined, and hav- ing unbounded faith in their leader on the other, er & long succession of varied fortune the bloody battle of San Miguel Calpulalpan, in which, on Da- cember 22, 1860, half the army of Miramon was cap- tured, together with forty pieces of artillery and all his munitions and » lly crushed the re- bellion; and shortly after Juarez and his Cabinet removed from Vera Cruz to the Ga ber Tardily, then, came the recognition of the Juarez govern- ment by the European Powers; it came when there Was no longer excuse to withhold it, @ victorious party was to issue writs for a Presidential election In aeoordance with the provisions of the constitution, At that time there was not a foreign soldiev on the Mexican soil; Bcumcue the whole country domestic tranquillity prevailed; everything favored a free and unbiassed election. Such an election was held, and the result was the choice b: an overwhelming majority, on June 11, 1804, of Benito Juarez, one of the people, sprung from the ranks of the people and from the native Mext- can race, the proven patriot, the public servant of thirty years’ trial and the savior of his countr: from rebel misrule, At last the friends of constle tutional government breathed free, and looked for- ward, with well founded hope for their long dis- peices country, to @ future of prosperity and EXTORTION AND INTERVENTION, They were doomed to disappointment: not through domestic sources of discord, for all worked well under the new administration, but through foreign intervention—the last resort of laction de- feated. Powerless at home, after the overwhelm- ing reverse of their fast friend and vaunted hero, Miramon, the Mexican Church party looked abroad to those Powers who, during the Mexi- can rebellion, had given aid and comfort, some- times openly, and sometimes by secret support, to the reactionary insurgents. The moment was pro- pitious, It was during the darkest days of our own rebellion, when not a European Power believed that our Union would come out of the flery ordeal except dismembered and shorn of its preatige and power. Louis Napoleon, above all, looked on our national fate as sealed; he engaged England and Spain to join him in a Treaty of Inter- vention, dated October 31, 1861, and the allied troops appeared off Vera Cruz shortly after. Pre- texts were not wanting; they never are when pera resolves to take advantage of weakness, Valid claims to 2 moderate amount thero were for injuries to Kuropean subjects; almost entirely, however, for injuries suffered at the hands of the rebels, not of the constitutional party. These claims which, as to France, were multiplied tenfold in sheer extortion, Juarez was willing to have submitted to @ joint commission and equitably adjusted. But all examination, all delay, was denicd. The de- mands were To ee i and unconditional, such, without Nagrant dishonor, tt was impossible to submit. Juarez stood firm, and Mexico was in- vaded, A FOUR YEARS’ UNEQUAL CONTEST. Throughout those years President Juarez main- tained, single handed, gn unequal contest against one of the ost warlike and wealily and powerful of European Powers. Had he resisted lesa stub- borily, who can say What military aid might have come to the rebellion in our own country across the Mexican border ? UNITED STATES UNABLE TO AID. The American will was good to aid the republican chief, But we were engaged ina life struggle for the unity of our own nation, and had not a man nor a dollar to spare. What we could do, we did. We were, we firmly protested, to the credit of our vernment be It sald, against the subversion, by ‘rance, of republican government in Mexico, and the erection, on its rulns by armed force, of Im- Werial power, : FRENCH SUCCESS PARTIAL ONLY. It would be a great mistake, however, to sup- pose, because the seat of governufent and a strip of country thence to Vera Cruz, sundry sea ports and various detached posts were held by Maximilian, or Indian village of Ixtlan, in a deep ravine over- grown with vejucos and parasites and cacti, are the ruins of an adobe house. In that house, in the year 1806, was born a peasant child destined to great and checkered fortunes, His father, of that Zapoteco race whose former grandeur is still attested by the ruins of those funeral palaces in which the 1emains of its ancient sovereigns lie entombed, was the owner of a fow half wild cattle who found scanty pasture along the hillsides of the pass; and he earned a pre- carious living chiefly by the sale of hides. At the age of twelve, the boy, then herding his father’s cattle, came upon the turning point of his future life, He was tempted to go to the city of Ouxaca, and went, HIS EDUCATION. Soon after his arrival there he tound, in the person of @ worthy merchant of the city, of moderate means, named Salanueva, a patron and afriend, Sefor Salanueva appears to have detected, even at that tender age, the latent capabilities of the adventurous boy. At all events he adopted | him, brought him up with his own children and | ve him the best education the city afforded, le graduated with high honors at the college of Oaxaca, speedily commenced practice at law, with success, and rose, step by step, to distinction in his native State, HIS APPOINTMENT TO STATE OFFICES. As early as 1830, when but twenty-one years of age, he was elected member of the Institute of Arts and Sciences of the State. In 1831 he became alderman of tha city of Oaxaca, and two years alterwards was elected member of the State Legislature. In 1834 he was admitted as counsellor at law and appointed member of the Superior Board of Health of the State. The same year he became professor in the Institute of Oax- aca, being appointed to fill the chair of Canonical Law. Within the next ten years his promotion was still more rapid. He became, successively, Secre- tary of the Supreme Tribunal of Justice, Substi- tute Judge of the same Tribunal, “Civil Judge of the First Instance” in the city of Oaxaca, Fiscal Judge, @ second time member of the Legislature, and eg! Attorney General of the Superior Tri- bunal of Justice of that department. ENGAGES IN NATIONAL APFATRS. In 1846, when Juarez was thirty-seven years of age, commenced his connection with national affairs, he being elected in that year member of Congress. The same year he was appointed acting President of the Superior Court of Justice of the State of Oaxaca, and the year following permanent Presi- dent of the same Court. In 1947, at the age of thirty-eight, he was elected Governor of the State. In his capacity as Governor, which omce he filled until 1852, he evinced great administrative talent, instituting tm- portant improvements in. his native State, causing schools to be established in every village, opening new roads and encouraging manufactures and the development of the mines, of which many, riek in promise, are to be found throughout that State. In 1452 he filled the chair of Civil Law in the Institute of Oaxaca, and was afterwards appointed perma- nent President of the same Institution, EXILED. From this time forth commenced the strnggieg, of Juarez to establish stan were es liberty ip his eountry, and desk just n were the prospects be- | fore him. A centralized and irresponsible gevern- | ment sustained gby the Church and the army bh | sway. Santa Anfa was dictator. ‘The frst effort of Juarez henge him under suspicion. He was extled, resided for @ time in New Orleans, and did not return to his country till Alvarez und Comon fort oe the standard of constioutional govern, ment. ISSUHS TAR “JUAREZ, LAW.'? Jn 1855, he was again elected Governor of hits native State; and in October of that year, Sapte | Anna being overthrown and Alvarez chosen Prest- dent ad intezim, Juarez, entered his Cabinet a8 | Secretary of State, for the Departments of | Justice, Keclesinstical Affaivs and Public Instn | | \ | tion, During his secretarysiip was issued the cele- brated law, sometimes cajled “The Juarem Law,” abolisning milteary and ecclestasticnd fuerds and other privileges, sons to establish, dor tie first time in Me equality of citizens bedore the law. 1454, being again Slected Gove resigned his seqretarysthip; was a second time elected Tn Decon nor of Oaxa: , he and the year following to the National Congress, there paréictpating tn the framing &nd adoption of the cons«itulion of 1867, ED VICK PREAIDENT. in fold, to stand on its platform ate welcome to its The Speaker then allvited to his visit to Virginia five years ago Upon the invitation | sive party; of the Governor and forty members of the Legisiatare, Ho had spokgr at the capital an elge- In the firat on under tals constitution Jua- rez was the candidate for Perstdent of the progres but, unfortunately for the country, Comonfort succeeded, Juarez, nowever, was, tn . November of Yat year, © | so broad and compr ed Proslieus of he rather by lis French supporters, that the country ‘was subjugated, SCIENTIFIC AND LITERARY TESTIMONIALS, It remains to be said that President Juarez, be- sides the civil and political positions that have been enumerated, also received testimonials of appreciation from various scientific and literar societies. He was elected at various tines Prest- dent of the Junta Patriotica, of Oaxaca; corr sponding member of the Socicty of Statistics, member of the Geographical and Statistical So- ciety, member of the Mexican Society for the Pro- motion of Material lmprovements, and, strange to say, honorary meiber of the Institut d'Airique, of Paris. EXTRAORDINARY POWERS CONFERRED. But of all the marks of approbation accorded to this remarkable man by his countrymen, none are repeated votes of the na- ve heen conferred upon him. in the beginning of the war (to wit—by act of Congress of hecember | ll, 1861), to levy armies, contract loans at home and abroad, negotiate and ratify tles and perform all the functions of the national sovereignty; the only restrictions being, that he should not alienate any portion of the national territory, nor change the form of republican gov- ernment, nor iateriere in judicial matters. nor ac- cept, under any pretext Whatever, for vention in the internal affairs of Me votea of confidence and grants of powers were repeated in May and October, 1862, and_ finally in May, 1863, at the last session before the French o¢ cupied the capital, and have been frequentiy re- peated since, despite the intrigues and. political action of her enemies. John Potts. John Potts, Chief Clerk in the War Department of the United States, died at his residence tu Wasi- ington yesterday. He was carried off by dysentery, after suffering a prolonged attack of !!Iness. Mr, Potts was @ moat faithful servant..of the pub- lic; diligent and honest. He was vastly esteemed by his superiors, aa he was by 0 wideeircie of friends, for his many excellent qua!itjes tm socict; As & mark of respect to his memory tie ¢! trance and interior of his offce will be draped in mourning and the various byreaus of the department be closed on the day of hia funeral. The Secretary of War issued & generah order announcing the death of Pir, Pots, in whick: he says:—His official life, conducted with faathful ness and honor, give evidence of pure intearity, while in constant devotion to daty lie was a, model for our imtgation. A long career of fabor in the public service is closed without: a biemish on tho record. For thirty-six years he has been in the depart 3 for over thirteun years he was its chief clerk; he disbursed m jlions. without error, and leaves h clear account. Thousands who have had offtcial intercourse with him bear ‘witness to the promptness of lis action and to the marked courtesy of his demeanor. During the war, bar ad- dition.to heavy @sbursements, he performedaelt- cate and important public duties, and in mention of these services the late Secretary Stanton spoke of him to the present Secretary of War aa a “per. fecthys incorruptible man.” 7 THE WEATHER. War DEPaRnturyr, Ovfick OF THR CHL&F SIGNAL Orvigsr, WasittNaTon, D. ©., July 25—1 A. Mi Probvatstities, Clear weather, with northeasterly winds, fr sq | 8%! In January, 1358, there broke eut in the eity a" as the extraordinary | —_ ‘THE ALABAMA GLAIGIS. ».* The Geneva Arbifrn.tiom Court in Temporary _ Recess, but witls, Plenty of Hard Work in spect. an ‘ Relfatn’ Pleading Non-Liability for the Acts‘of the Cruisers. ‘ Her 4 Majesty Victoria in Argament ' Against Direct Damages, » Tie\Spirit, of the Indirect Claims Appearing om the Scene. —_—_—o-—_____ Judictat\Recuperation in Pace of an Amportant Crisis. » THE MEW YORK HERALO. Lonpon, July 24, (87% The latest advices, from Geneva confirm the re- port that the arbit,aéora in the’ Alabama claims case would not assemi\@ig session today, for it im known here that the couré Mid not organize. PLENTY OF WORK AND A PRUVERACTRD COMMISSION. Information, coming from Naa gources im Switzerland has been received yin this city which states that the ArbitratiomCourt “will not be able to close its labors within a shortér period than three or foar months, notwithstanding the’ facta’ that the tribunal ts now fatrly at work, and that the present ofticlal duties of the ‘members “are almost excessively severe, RRCUPERATING FROM PATIGU% Sir Alexander Cockburn haw remained withia his’ hotel three days, Lord Tenterden and Mr. Beaman drove out to- day on the Esperance. Tevedtaa’ TD The Work of the Court ond England’e Coarse of Pleading. GENEVA, July 24, 1872. It is understood, so far as can b nown of the proceedings of the Arbitration Court, that the tri- bunal for the settlement of the Alabama claims {s still engaged tn the discussion of the question of England's liability to the United States for dam- ages arising from the acts of the Confederate crujsers. The English agent pleads that Her Majesty's gov- ernment did everything that it was posuible to do within the limit of the laws and the constitution to prevent the privateers from leaving the porta of Great Britain, and it is known that serious embar- rassment has been caused to tho Board by the British protest against the consideration of any evidence or argument showing animus on the par& of the Queen’s Cabinet. THE GHOST OF THE INDIRECT CLAIMS PRESENT 0W SPIRIT IN THE DIRECT. Her Majesty the Queen of England Insists that the introduction of this evidence practically admits consideration of the spirit of the indirect claims, which were presented only to prove other claims, which otherwise {¢ would be impossible to substan- tiate. AN IMPORTANT CRISIS. Should this-evidence be excluded few cases can be proven by the Americans against England. The legal debates are, consequently, animated, bue serious, and confined closely to the point at issue. Premler Gladstone's Report of the Proge ress and Prospect. Lonpon, July 24, 1372. The annual banquet to Her Majesty's Ministry was given at the Mansion House to-night, the Lord Mayor presiding.. All the members of the Cabinet were present, and the diplomatic body, the Bench and Parliament. were well represented among the guests. Mr. Gladstone: responded to the toast, “Her Majesty's Ministers,”’ proposed by the Lord Mayor. In the coursa of his: speech he-called to mind the congratulations uttered by Mr. Schenck, the Minis- ter of the United States, at the Lord Mayors ban- quet last year, on the conclusion of the Treaty of | Washington. Sinee then,continued Mr. Gladstone, | actoud, appeared on the horizon, but it has been dispelted. Arbitration has not produced the heart- burnings whicis were apprehended, but willlead to an afaicaple settlement, like a friendly suit in a court cfYaw. This;*portion of the Premier's remarks was lis- tenes to with the deepest attention aad received with eeers, PORTUGAL. # Nationalist Anniversary and Zojoicing. ee , TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. j Lispom, July 24, 12, The fortieth anniversary of the liberatiag of Portugal was celebrated here to-day. Business, was suspended and the day given up to festiyitie of every description. { | | Died. Swirn.—On Wednesday, July 24, Hexny % Surrn, a well known and highly respected Herald employe, ‘aged about 35 years, 1 funersd will take place on Friday morning, 26th, at ten,o’clock, from his late residence, King street. The remains wili be coaveyed ta Meridan, Gonn,, for interment. Further particulars to-atorrow. {ior Other Deaths See Ninth Page.) Buractis Flavoring Extencts.—Sold every Aves¥sorring’s Patont ‘CHAMPION SAPES, ornor of Murray stroet, » M1 and 282 Broadway, arkish Baths, Lexington aves Angell’s T ‘ (ans Twenty-fitth street. Invigorating aud vitalizing More brenkiase, apetiaing botore dinner, More soothing thatoplates botore retiring Ladies day and evenings gentlemen day and night. all Bowel and RG DYSENTERY lo Remedy for AD Ta le eT AEDENBE! ‘Lake Ontario to Virginia and eastward over * guy | CO,, 189 William street, N. ¥. fBngiand: and: the, Biaae Otstes, BON IRAE veer. Don't Go In the Countey ing to southeasterly, with ctondy we pthor; 1y of Roots and Shoes from MILLE by Thursday evening 3. quare. soutaeeuerry. e and partly cloudy weather in the Sou rn and Guif States and lower Mississippt ana Ob ,o Valley; “Come, Gel tle Sleep,” — the barometer im Nebraska wil move ‘Castward | “COM Lad Shakspeare with cloudy Weather and raly rise ‘gyer Upper | anys: hut it wan't come where bedbuge are cating peapia 3188 pr lakes. fp alive. ‘Therciore send them — to perditio bine bua Ese | QNoWRES INSEUT DESTROYER, a dose of which mo | inacct can survive, Beonomisis prefer the large Maan. Tre Weather tn This City ¢esterday. The folowing record will show t' ye changes in th temperature for the past wwenty .four hours in com parison with the gbrrosyo! indivated by soe thertadim wacy, Hearn Buildiy; | 187. 1 , 1 SAM 0 | 6AM : 9A, M.. | em | Average tempe { Ayorage toi per } nat vor tet ab Hudaut’s Pe ins day of last year, as Sold by druggists and geocerseverywhere, Depot No. 7 Sixthavenue, i Clinton Medical Institute, 147 East Fifwenth street. Tnoorporn A responsibia corps of physicians treat successtully nervous debility, weakness, exhaustion, &o, No detention front business. Patent Open Work Polttical Ranwers, Flaga and Portraits, at HOJER & GRAGAM'S, 97 Duane Royal Wa the ric: