The New York Herald Newspaper, July 25, 1872, Page 4

+ 4 NEW YORK HERALD Sti ie ee BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. edu Ae te JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. plalihachcrt vena All business or news letters and telographic despatches must be addressed New Youe Henavp. Volume xXXVIL. + AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, No. 21 Bowery.~ Sreoets ov New Yorn. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Yacur—Tas Kina ano Doseater. D'S MUSEUM, Bi anp Lena. Aftern , corner Thirtieth st— Cm dd Evening. OLYMPIC THEATRE. Bi jway.—Tue Witcues oF New Yous—Trarzze l'krronmancss. UNION QUARK THEATRE, lth st. and Broadway.— Tas Voxes Faxt.y—Tax Beutes or tae Kricaen, &c. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway and Thirteenth sireet.—Rou:n loop. PARK THEAT! eETS OF Nei You CENTRAL PARK GARD) CERT. TERRACE CARDEN, S8th st. botweon Third and Lex- ington ave.—Scyuur Kvenina Concunts, NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— Scimnce any Ant. City Hall, Brooklyn.— —GanDen INstRUMENTAL New York, Thursday, July 25, 1873, WITH CONTENTS OF TO-DAY'S HERALD, Pace. 1—Advertisements, 2—Advertisements. 3—The Jersey Nuisance War: Both Sides of the Case-—Yachting—Rovers on the River—Bar- nard’s Impeachment: An Interesting but Un- rofitable Session Yesterday—The Tweed and jonnolly Suits—The* Board of Kducation— Another Shooting Atfray—The Trenton Bank ‘ouble—Advertisements. 4—Editortals: Leading Article, “The Great Trial Before the Court of Public Opinion—Greeley versus Grant’'—Amusement Announcements. S—Livingstone: The Commander of the HeRraLp Search Expedition at Marseilles and for Britain by Paris; Important Despatches from the Explorer for England—The War in Mextco—The Alabama Claims—Cable Tele- grams irom England, Russia, France, Spain and Portugal—Virginia: Senwtor Wilson and Fred Douglass Stumping the O.d Dominion— Obituary—Business Notices, G—North Carolina: Deadly Fight in the West Be- tween the Conservatives and Republicans; Senator Wilson Leaving Deep Impressions for His Party; Sambo Solid for Grant; Speech of Secretary Delano at Ruleigi Meeting at High Point, N. C.; Secretary Boutwell's Spe at Greensboro— A Carolintan in New York: The Viows of a Man Who Is Not a_Politiclian—the Greeley Headquarters—The Liberal Republican State Commitiee—The Regular Republican Head- juarters—The Democratic Headquarters—The eterans’ Convention. TeAdvertisements, 8—A Leaf from History: Report of J. Thompson, Secret Agent of the Late Confederate Gov- ernment, Stationed in Canada, for the Pur- pose of Organizing Insurrection in the North- ern States and Burning Their Principal Cities—The Agricultural Report-—-Music and the Drama—Livingstone’s Discoveries—Pro- ceedings in the Courts—A Famtly Feud—A Police Captain Sued for False Imprisonment— Death of a Distinguished Newark Catholic Clergyman—The Aquatic Colleglans, Q—The Aquatic Collegians (Continued from Eighth Page)—-The Amateur Championship of the Thames—Aquatic Notes—Floating Foulness: Meeting of the Board of Health—Slashed with Razor—Financial and Commercial: stagna- tion on the Stock Exchange; The Speculative List Reduced to Erie and Pacific Mall; Dearth of Interest in the Markel; Secretary Bout- well as a Summer Operator; Only $47,000 Bonds Purchased Out of Nearly $4,600,000 Of fered; What the Secretary Knows About Gold; Decline in the Premium; A Quiet Mar- ket in Southern Securities; Governments Strong; Railway Mortgages Steady; Mone Easy and hag n Exchange Firm; The Busi- the Deaths, W—Erie in the Elements: A Tornado of Fire in Jersey City; Destruction of the Erie Railway Machine Shops; Three and a Half Million Dollars’ Worth of Property Consumed; One Fireman Killed, Two Injured and a Man Miss- ‘Twenty-five Locomotives Destroyed and Hundred Men Thrown Out of Employ- ment—Trotting at Goshen Y.—Shipplog dvertisements. ness of ‘ub-Treasury—Marriages and Zz Axapama Ciarms CasE appears to have plenty of work before it. The members having recn- perated in health and strength, during the tem- porary recess, are disposed to attack the pile of papers which burden the council table with a will, Not much progress bas been made, so far as can be ascer- tained, in the way of settlement. There is a vast amount of legal pleading, in the course of which England develops a disposi- tion to revert to her first position of a general denial of the American principle. Premier Gladstone is very hopeful that it will be all tight in the end—a pleasing anticipation for Great Britain, and as such was well received in Guildhall, after a Corporation banquet dinner yesterday. Important News ¥rom Nextco.—Special information addressed to the Heraup from Mexico last night by telegraph reports the im- portant news of the death of President Juarez, after an attack of apoplexy, and the accession of Lerdo de Tejada to the administration of power as Chief of State in the republic. The intelligence comes first from Matamoros, and is repeated from Monterey. The oc- currence of this sad event may change the aspect of affairs in Mexico, as it presents to-day, completely. The general news goes to confirm in all its main points the Henraup special, despatches from Matamoros, already published. The constitutional cause is evidently improving, on the frontier line par- ticularly. [tis said that Generals Trevifio and Quiroga contemplate leaving the country after disbanding their followers. The very talk of such a step on their part goes to prove the accuracy of our inference that revolution is almost played out, o5 a trade, in the terri- tory of our neighbor republic, The biographical sketch of Jusrez which appears in the Hrrarp is very interesting, cven in a historical point of view. Lerdo de Tejada suceceds according to constitutional provision and rue. Senator SuerMaN oN THE Crists, Sherman, Chairman on Finance in the U States Senate, is an able man, and the other day, as such things go, he made an able stump speech in support of General Grant's admin- | istration. But he does not appear to admire the new democratic platform. He says that “these sentiments (the Cincinnati resolutions adopted at Baltimore) rend like the penitential sigh of a dying suicide,” and asks why these glorious resolves were not made by the demo- cratic party one, two, or ten years ago? We can answer him. It is becauso the democrats were not convinced until within a year or so of the error of their old 5 Eu’, being convinced at last, they have struck out on this new departure under Greeley and Brown, and they are evidently going ahead. suspect, is the difficulty with Mr. Sherman, NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, JULY 25, 1872—WiTH SUPPLEMENT. The Great Trial Before the Court of Pablico Opinion—Greeley versus Grant- The cause céldbre of Greeley versus Grant, which is now on trial in the Court of Public Opinion before a jury of the whole American people, is being watched with a great deal of interest by foreign nations as well as by our own. Some unreflecting persons imagine that the suit involves nothing more than the possession of the federal spoils for the noxt four years; but men of intelligence ara beginning to understand that a serious principle is involved in the case, and that upon the verdict may depend the safety of republican institutions and the peace and prosperity of the country. When the court was first opened at Cincin- nati, and the customary ‘‘Hear ye!" of the crier, thrice repeated, had secured silence and attracted attention, the preliminary proceed- ings were as usual somewhat formal, and the statement of the plaintiff's case scarcely pre- pared the world for the excitement and interest that have been develo- ped as the trial has proceeded. It is not unfrequently the policy of shrewd counsel to make their introductory addresses tame and insipid and to keep the opening statement of their cases far within the bounds of the facts they expect to prove before the jury retire; and so at Cincinnati, while the complaint against the defendant was fully set forth aud the damages were fixed, the jury had yet to lcarm tho extent of tho evidence and the widespread conse- quences dependent upon the action. At Philadelphia the defendant put in his plea to the plaintiff's declaration and demand, and issue was fairly joined. But it was not until the democratic party was made joint plaintiff in the suit, by a special order of the court at Baltimore, that the trial may be said to have fairly commenced. The witnesses in this remarkable case ara principally taken from the politicians and the party organs on both sides, and, as froquently’ happens, the stories they tell are found to be very contradictory. There isa great deal of hard swearing both for the plaintiff and de- fendant, and the testimony would puzzle the most intelligent jury that could be empanelled if they had nothing else to guide them to a verdict. On the plaintiff's side the evidence goes to prove the defendant guilty of all man- ner of offences and the plaintiff clearly en- titled to the relief he claims; while every witness for the defence is prepared to make oath that the plaintiff is as complete an im- postor as the claimant of the Tichborne baronetcy is represented to be; that he has no cause of action, and that the trust he seeks to recover has been well discharged by the defendant, and should be suffered to remain in his hands. In addition to this conflicting testimony o mass of documentary evidence has been laid before the Court, and more remains to be offered. Included in the former are the plat- forms of the parties to the suit; but they are so much @like that they may be accepted as a set-off one against the other without prejudice or advantage to either side. Then there is the notorious Ku Klux law, which is putin to show whether Congress or the President is respon- sible for the military oppression of the South and the rule of the bayonet at the ballot box; together with the election law, which forms part of the proof against the Southern policy of the administration. Numerous articles and letters from the pen of the plaintiff are placed . | tion and Roseoe Conkling for the defence. | suit have recently addressed the jury for their | before the jury by the defence, calculated to show the plaintiff's former opinions and admissions in regard to the rascality of the democracy and the honesty of the defendant; but all these are claimed to be barred by the statute of limitations. Ono important paper offered by the plaintiff is Greeley’s admirable letter of acceptance of the Baltimore nominations, in which the Cincin- nati candidate so modestly, frankly and ably justifies his position and repels the assaults that have been made on his consistency, show- ing that the honest champion of the emanci- pation of the blacks could not fail to become the advocate of the full enfranchisement of all his white countrymen. Then, we have yet to come the letter promised by Carl Schurz in confirmation of his charge that a friend of the President who offered the Missouri Senator the bribe of unlimited federal patronage if he would withdraw his opposition to the St. Do- mingo job, had stated in writing that the offer was made with the knowledge and approval of the President; together with President Grant's evidence that the statement of his friend. is incorrect and that Senator Schurz has been imposed upon. The long, rambling story about a bargain between the plaintiff, Horatio Seymour, Waldo Hutchins | and some obscure country politician, in rela- tion to the Presidential nomination, will no doubt be thrown out as stupid, unreliable rub- bish, having nothing whatever to do with the case; and the testimony and reports in the French arms affair, the Custom House investigation and similar follies, will be served in the same manner. Finally we are promised a mass of electioncering documents more formidable than the cart loads of papers laid before the suffering Geneva Tribunal; the same being the contents of the three yellow trunks purchased ata cost to the people of seventy-five thousand dollars, and alleged to prove the plaintiff’s complicity in the schemes of murder and arson plotted by rebel run- aways on the Canadian borders. In the meantime two great lawyers in the respective clients—Carl Schurz for the prose- It will always be observed that in the higher | Courts erainent counsel study above all else the | perfection of courtesy and seeming fairness in their conduct of a great case. They find that this calinness and apparent candor will always have a beitr effict on a jury than any amount of bluster and browbeating. In | police courts, in trifling criminal | cases, assaults and batteries and the like, tho swaggering, noisy, abusive style may sometimes be successful in confusing a witness | And this, we | that this new departure of the democrats | throws the administration party upon the de- fensivea great point gained by the ga fora vigorous campaign. \ie ) or confounding a jury; but in a Court of Ap- | peals,a Supreme Court or any of the high courts of Jaw and qty, courteousness, dig- | nity and ingenuousness ate the practice of all | competent pleaders. Facis are, of course, stated in such a way and sot forth in sneh a light as may suit the interests of tho counsel's case, but his effort is directed to- wards convincing the judgment and towards exciting the prejudices and passions of the iuvora. Ha kuows that a cool aud clear: | not | Sporting men, | trained crews on the water have behaved ina headed judge sits on the bench to sum up the evidence and to give the law to the jury, and he is not 40 simple as to suppose that either a competent judge or an intelligent jury will mistake invective for argument. Of the two eminent counsel who have already pleaded in the case of Greoley versus Grant, one has occasionally forgotten the rulo prevailing in the higher courts and the other has ignored it altogether. Carl Schurz for the plaintiff made in the main a masterly, dignified and impressive argument—an argument fit to be delivered be- fore o jury of intelligent white men who understand the history of their country, and are not mere goods and chattels in the hands of cunning political managers. Lawyer Schurz paid the compliment to the American people who sit upon the jury he addressed of believing them to be desirous of deciding hon- estly on the merits of the caso they are try- ing, and capable of distinguishing truth from falsehood, and sound argument from rhetorical flourish. Now aud then he evinced a little too much personal feeling against the defendant, and occasionally he weakened the force of his otherwise powerful plea by wan- dering off on to side issues, which the Court— the independent press of the country— will instruct the jury, have nothing to do with the case; such as the French arms, Custom House and Naval De- partment investigations, and the nepotism nonsense. But in his statesmanlike—we ought, perhaps, to say lawyerlike—review of that portion of the plaintiff's ease which charges upon the defence unconstitutional oppression of the Southern States; cruel injustice to the white citizens of the South; a dangerous and reprehensible attempt to excite the deadly animosity of the negroes against the whites, in order to secure the votes of the for- mer by playing on their ignorance, suspicion and bigotry; an incompetent management of our foreign relations; a faithlessness to real civil service reform; in all this he eame fully up to the standard as an able and brilliant pleader, and certainly did excellent service for his client. It is to be regretted that the counsel for the de- fence, who followed lawyer Schurz, was unequal to the occasion. There is no good reason why his effort should have been a failure, yet it certainly was not a success. Counsel Conkling is a man of ¢énius, learning and address, who stands in as proud a position in New York as Sumner at his age occupied in his own State. Famous as an orator, supposed to be capable as a lawyer, known to bo experienced as a politician, and, having the advantage of being the last speaker, it was anticipated that his argument would crush the effort of the Missouri pleader out of existence. Yet he left every strong point of the plaintiff's counsel untouched, and devoted his efforts to violent personal abuse of the plaintiff and his friends and to a futile effort to create dissen- sion and division between the parties who are joined in the suit. From beginning to end of lawyer Conkling’s address tha Jury will find nothing but a wenk rehash of all the tittle-tattle of the national capital for the last eighteen months; a profit- less assault upon the plaintiff's consistency, and lengthy, diluted explanations in regard to side charges, about which the jury care nothing, and which will not influence their verdict one way or the other. To be sure, the counsel spoke in glowing terms of the virtues and merits of his distinguished client ; but as he is personally kifown to all the jurors this was scarcely necessary. They are per- fectly competent to judge for them- selves of the services of the defendant and of tho loyalty and competency of the plaintiff, and if they choose to vote for the latter, they are probably as capa- ble of judging of the propriety and con sistency of the act as is Lawyer Conkling himself. But they are trying a case in which they are expected to find whether the de- fendant has been true to a great trust which he has filled for four years and seeks to continue to hold; whether he has loyally obeyed the constitution in its applica- tion to all parts of the country, or whether the allegations of the plaintiff are true and it is just and wise to transfer the trust to his hands. On all these grave and important points Counsel Conkling was dumb, and, so far as he is concerned, would suffer judgment to go against his client by default. We must, therefore, now recommend the de- fendant to remove Lawyer Conkling from the case, as he has already removed the “bloody chasm’’ pleader, Boutwell. Better that Grant should be without counsel than in careless or incompetent hands. The judge of the high court of public opinion—the independent press—is bound to listen cally and impartially to the case and to sum up in accordance with the law. The jury of the whole American people will weigh the evidence carefully and give an honest and just verdict. As State after State comes in we shall hear rumors of how the jury is going; but the case will not close until November, and in the meantime we tell both parties to the suit that the result is still in doubt, and we advise the defence that it will be wise to obtain the services of more dis- ereet and competent lawyers than have yet pleaded on that side. ~~ rae Tue Riverswe Park Repont.—Aiter five years of vexatious delays it is to be hoped that the Riverside Park question, brought be- fore the Supreme Court on Tuesday, will speedily be set at rest. The land taken—a strip along the Hudson, from Seventy-second to 130th street-—is admirably adapted by na- ture for a public pleasure ground, and its dedication and improvement as such would, without doubt, add greatly to the value of property in that section. Delicate legal ques- tions are involyed in the discussion, which will receive due consideration by the Court, whose decision will affirm or reject the report of the Commissioners on Awards and Asgess- ments, amounting to about six million dollars each. Its notable that out of those assessed as benefited not two per cent have opposed the confirmation of the report. Compara- tively small labor and expense will be re- quired to make this three-mile strip along the shore a most attractive feature of our park system. ~ Tux Reoarra or THe Cont .-—This year has been very unfortunate for the favorites of Fleet steeds of the turf and manuer to harrow the souls of betting men and made before events. The last instance of this is shown in the result of the Massachusetts college regatta yesterday, a full account of which will be found in another column. The races had been postponed on account of the sweeping winds of Tuesday that made the water on the Connecticut more excited than the assembled spectators, and it was thought that when, at eight o'clock yesterday morning, the several crews assembled at i ld there could be but one result, and that an easy victory for the favorite crew. It go happened, however, that the Amherst College men carried off the prize, after a most exciting and enjoy- able contest. The time occupied in the race was extraordinarily brief. After this the “favorités’’ will not be so favorably considered by the betting community. The Nile Sources—Forthcoming Letters from Stanley and Livingstone. We have a special despatch from Marseilles which informs us of the arrival in that city of Mr. Stanley, on route for London, with the clos- ing reports of his successful African adventure in search of Dr. Livingstone, and with certain interesting letters from the great explorer him- self, which will be immediately delivered and published on the arrival of the bearer in the British capital. Believing that these letters from Dr. Livingstone will prove sufficiently interesting to justify the expenditure, we have determined upon their transmission to this office through the cable, simultaneously with their publication in London, together with Mr. Stanley's closing reports, including his re- connoissance down Lake Tanganyika with Liv- ingstone, and their journey thence together from Ujiji to the Doctor's supplies at Unyan- yembe, that halfway station between Tangan- yika and Zanzibar. The transmission of these despatches by cable will cost us a considerable sum, and as the other members of the Associated Press may, in their discretion, accept or decline such special messages, we assume all the risks of this engagement. We presume, however, from the universal interest which Mr. Stanley's let- ters have awakened in reference to Dr. Living- stone, in which the press generally has partici- pated, that our press associates will cheerfully join us in the outlay necessary for the earliest possible publication of these forthcoming let- ters from that famous and persevering ex- plorer of the wilds of Africa, of whom it may be said, ‘‘He was lost, but is found; he was dead, but is alive again.’” However, we shall leave the matter entirely to the discretion of our associates, and will be satisfied with their decision. The Herat has on several occa- sions undertaken enterprises that have entailed upon us heavy telegSiphic expense, which our contemporaries have been generally ready to share with us. In like manner we have always been glad to avail ourselves of the constant enterprise of our associates, and to accept and publish their special reports. In this case we are aware that the news we offer them, in addi- tion to its public value and interest, is an im- portant advertisement for the Herat; never- theless, we do not believe that this will influ- ance their decision as to its acceptance or re- jection. When the occasion offers we shall gladly reciprocate, and give our contempo- raries all the advantages to which their enter- prise may entitle them. The Labor Troubles in Williamsport. The violence displayed by the mill work- men at Williamsport during their strike will be regretted by all who have the true interest of the working classes at heart. From the beginning of the labor reform movement in this country we have constantly counselled the men to pursue their aims by moderate means as the best and speediest road to success. In most cases our advice was received and acted upon. The result of this wise conduct on the part of the men was seen in the sympathy extended to them by the neutral public, which in every instance has been beneficial to the cause of the working classes. With these lessons before their eyes it is astonishing that any body of men should be so foolish as to resort to acts that could only produce a tem- porary effect at the expense of bringing them into collision with the State. The attempt to interfere with the free action of workmen who declined to quit their employment was altogether opposed to the spirit of American freedom, and a most un- warrantable attack on individual liberty. In the heat and passion of these struggles be- tween capital-and labor the workman is too apt to forget that he has no right to force his opinions on the members of his own craft any more than he would be justified in insisting on any other member of the community wearing a particular dress or working in any way he pleased. By adopting violent measures to se- eure the concurrence of his fellow laborers he abandons the only ground upon which he can claim to be treated with consideration and justice. Ifhe hasa right to prevent his com- rades from acting as they please, thenstreng!h is the only criterion of what is right. Under this good old principle of a barbarous ago capital would be jnstified in employing all its resources, however unjust, in making itself master of the situation ; and certainly it is not in the interest of the workingman that such a principle should be adopted and acted upon. The mistaken policy of the strikers in Wit- Tiamsport has had its natural effect. For a moment the weak local authorities were over- powered, and violence reigned supreme, but only for a short time. The appearance of the troops on the ground soon restored order, and the more prominent leaders in the disturbance were arrested and held to await the action of the law. Fears were entertained that an attempt would be made to set fire to the mills, but no such intention seems to have entered the minds of the workmen. Their principal anger was directed against those who continued to work, and the attack on the mills was made with the object of driving away the obnoxious laborers rather than with any idea of injuring property. However, this cannot be accepted as an excuse. No man has a right to abridge the freedom of action of his neighbor, and trade unions cannot be allowed to usurp a power which the State would not be permitted to exercise. We are all proud of the liberty which we enjoy, and shall take care to protect it as much from the encroachments of mob violence as we would from governmental usurpation, Of all forms of tyranny that of a mob is the . most unbearable, and the one which a proud spirited and intelligent people like ours would be least inclined to submitto. The workingmen, in their efforts to modify the existing relations betweon (urow discredit on the rgliabilitv of heoks | hemselyes and their employers, will do well not to lose sight of this fact, unless they are Prepared to see the weight of public opinion enlisted on the side of their antagonists. An appeal to force inevitably brings into the field inst them the mili! fe of tho el by the rah peal pt the polis i ing portion of the community. Against such odds no class combination could hope for even the shortest temporary success; therefore it argues want of common sense for a body of men to invite inevitable defeat by pursuing a course which places them in antagonism with the public opinion of the whole country. In view of the doubtful success attending those constantly recurring struggles against capital, it might be well to have a trades’ convention, with the object of creating some court of arbi- tration which would have a right to exhaust all reasonable means of solving difficulties before having recourse to the desperate remedy of tite strike. Tho Destruction of the Erie Machine Shops in Jersey City. In another column. will be found a graphic description of the terrible fire which reduced the Erie machine shops to ruin last night. The cause of the fire is still a mystery; all that is known is that it originated in the carpenters’ shop. It was discovered about eight o'clock in the evening. So rapidly did the devouring flames advance that in a few short hours buildings covering an acre of ground were cumpletely destroyed in spite of the gallant exertions of the Fire Department. It is useless to speculate on the causes which led to such a terrible destruction of property, although there is reason to won- der at the swift burning of some of the shops where the materials in use were little calculated to feed tho flames. But the fire had made such headway in the carpenters’ shop and taken such firm hold on the building that nothing could resist its fierce intensity. The iron girders bent like wires, and even the solid iron wheels were melted in the huge furnace pile whose flames illuminated the night sky. Storerooms, copper, tin and boiler shops shared the same fate as the pattern and machine shops, and at ten o'clock, when the fire had lasted just two hours, the whole block of buildings, reaching from Provost street to North street and from Eleventh to Twelfth street, was a smouldering mass of ruins. The strong brick walls crumbled under the intense heat, and, falling, had buried in their débris one of the oldest and most respected of the Jersey City firemen. It is impossible to read the story of this brave man’s devotion without being moved to admiration at the quiet heroism of which he gave proof in the discharge of dangerous duties. The feeling of regret will be deepened by the reflection that he fell a victim to an exaggerated sense of discipline in a hopeless effort to stop the progress of the flames. In addition to the buildings con- sumed all the machinery and about twenty- five locomotives have been destroyed. The loss is supposed to amount to over three millons and a half, but whether it is covered by insurance or not it was impossible to ascer- tain. The extent of the area covered by the fire and the amount of damage it inflicted will make the conflagration of last night mem- orable. The rapidity with which the destruc- tion was accomplished and the fierce mas- tery which the flames obtained, in spite of the efforts to check them, warn us of the impor- tance of maintaining in the most thorough efti- ciency our excellent Fire Department. It is evident that once a fire gains certain headway it only goes out from exhaustion and that the most that can be done in such a case is to prevent the spread of the confla- gration. In this the efforis of the depart- ment were crowned with success, although some of the neighboring houses received slight injury. One of the saddest features of the catastrophe is the suffering and misery which it will entail on thousands of the industrious poor. Over one thousand hands will be thrown out of work. This isa fact so sug- gestive as to need no comment. Thermometric The Late Change and the Cholera—Metcorology and Health. We have great cause for joy in the recent turn which the hot season has taken. The sun is on his southern march, and the climax of the heat and distress consequent upon the out- pour of his most. vertical rays has evidently been reached and passed. The lengthening of the nights by nearly an hour gives the super- heated crust of the earth time to get rid of | much of its caloric by nocturnal radiation, and this secures cool nights for the refreshment of weary man and beast. For several days the Signal Service reports show that, with a short intermission, the cold waves of air from British America and the Arctic regions lying northward have been descending with their delicious temperature over the entire lake region and thence proga- gated southward over the Alleghanies and eastward over the Atlantic seaboard. If the threatened visitation of epidemic’ cholera should not be averted, and the dread disease knock at our gates for admission, the endan- gored inhabitants of our large cities will have ong advantagé, that they aré iow beyond the worst and most dire distress of the summer; and, with constitutions somewhat braced and strengthened by returning cool weather, they may well be encouraged. After the terrific cold spell of last March the Herarp advanced the hypothesis, which was sustained by the weather reports, that this intense refrigeration came to us from the northern part of our Con- tinent. We now see that what was then o curse is now our greatest blessing, for it is this immense reservoir of polar air, which, after mitigation by summer heat, descends on the region stretching from Lake Superior to the coasts of Oregon and Washington Terri- tory and now makes the intervening Terri- tories of the Northwost the plateaus of greatest salubrity and health and the broadest asylums from the severity and diseases of the summer season. It is, of conrse, a certainty that we shall have thuch to endure from the heats and droughts | of the fall and the month of August, and every effort should be made to meet them by our sanitary authorities; but it is highly probable, if it is not a geographical certainty also, that | with the storms of the remainder of the sum- mer we shall have the cool, northwesterly | effort. | XV, King ot Swe winds from the higher latitudes of the Conti- nent, which ever follow in the wake of all the tompests and rain areas in the northern hemi. | aphere., Tho biological character of this semi- | polar air is far better than tho coolest and | age yrea RPGS ype The crags aka SRE NEPA ey seeaeme aera most pleasant atmosphers from the tropics, — having less carbonic acid and fewer deleterious gases from dying vegote- tion, and also more oxygen, it is refreshing and vitalizing. The dryness of the sutumn in the Eastern United States, dreaded as it is by the farmer, is in reality, in » medical point of view, to be greatly preferred to the humidity of other countries situated geographically as weare. In China the moisture spread over the country by the summer monsoons is the medium of the great epidemic diseases and the cause of the utter prostration, if not the periodic poisoning by malaria of the great mass of the population, so that such cities as Shanghae are now vast hospitals. The wet winds cover the country with a dense mantle of aqueous vapor, transpicuous to solar rays, but acting asa shicld to prevent the earth's radiation of its heat. Especial care should be taken, there- fore, to prevent exposure and exhaustion dur- ing hot, moist days. On the desert of Sahara, where ‘‘the soil is fire and the air flame’’ by day, the nocturnal radiation is so great that the temperature, even in August, sometimes has been known to fall to the freezing point, and travellers have reported ice in their can- teens. By getting into the most elevated situa- tions, as far removed from the water as pos- sible, and by avoiding the midday extremes of heat, or rather avoiding the maximum heat, between two and four o’clock P. M., the great dangers from the hot weather of the seasom may be largely eluded and the alarm of epi- demic lose half its terrors. Physicians have now learned to test the character of disease not so much by the pulye as by the delicate thermometer, whose bulb, placed on the patient, registers the march and declares by a curve peculiar to each malady, what that malady is— showing that our death rates have a direct causal connection with excessive terres- trial temperatures, both in winter and sum- mer. It is one of the noblest triumphs in re- serve for our national meteorology not only to predict, as it now almost infallibly does, the coming storm, the character of seasons and the daily vicissitudes of wind and weather, but also to explore those hidden phenomena with which the health and vitality of nations are so deeply concerned, and with an intelligent re- gard to which all medical skill and sanitary science should in future be prosecuted. If our Meteorological Bureau of the Signal Service had no other or broader scope than to furnish the elements and facts for a system of Ameri- can sanitary science its mission would be a grand and beneficent one. We repeat our belief in the cheering pros- pects of intervals of relief from the heat of the summer, and our joy at the arrival of the period when the earth is Crown’d with the sickle and the wheaten sheaf, While autumn, nodding o'er the yellow plaio, Comes jovial on. WASHINGTON. WaAsuINaton, July 24, 1872. Movements of the President. President Grant, accompanied by Genera! Porter, left to-night for Long Branch. Secretary Fish, with the party, intending to go to New York. Reception of the New French Minister by the President—Compliments of the Season, ‘The Marquis de Noailles was to-day introduced to the President by the Secretary of State, and de- livered his credentials as Minister Plenipotentiary of the French republic. The following ts a transla- tion of the remarks which he made on the occa- sion :— Mn, Presrpexr:—tI presont myself to your Excellency as Minister of France. T have adeep sen of the honor which Thave received in being called to, represent, the French republic near that of the United States of Ameri- ca, and ft shall be my aim to prove myself not unworthy of this mission. I shall, however, only have to ursue the bentof my own inclination in order to con- form to the, instructions lven me by my government, for they direct me, while fulfilling all the duties of my office, to render myself agreeable to Your Excel- lency’s government. The sentiments of friendship whict: unite (he two nations of France and America are deeply rooted in the past, for they date from the glorious epoch of American independence. They have remains in the hearts of the people of France, my government in sendin here has charged: me to culllvate them. ope I may say that the maintenance of there ancient sympathies will be attended with no diMiculty. If [should succeed, through my zealous efforts, in strengthening them, Tshould regard Tras the greatest honor of my itte. T have the honor, Mr, President, to place in Your Excellency’s hands the letters which accredit me as Minister of France, near the gov- ermnuent of the United States of America, ‘The President replied as foll Mangois—Tam happy to recetve y rench republic. We are confi me s the Minister of the not only that you nideevor to make yourself acceptable, but there ig every reason to believe that you will succeed in that You may be assured that on our part thero will be nothing omitted which may tend to inake your stay here agreeable to you. Your allusion to the origin and depth of the friendship of the p-ople of our respective countries is based upon indisputuble fact, with which reeable associations,” The instruc- this, sentiment feet. You may be ate them by all the means which may be in my power, The Japs En Route for Europe. The Japanese Embassy has made preparations for leaving for Europe without delay, and to-day called on the President to bid him farewell. They have sent to London in advance their measure for couit dress, and expect to appear to an advantage when oilicially presented, Yreasury Tamperings. The Treasury Department has under considera- tion the new regulations for the guidance of col- lectors in admitting salt used by fishermen free of duty. The whiskey regulations were signed and ap- proved to-day, and will be given out to-morrow. PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE. Joln A. Griswold, of Troy, is at the Fifth Avenue Hotel. General N, P. Banks yesterday arrived at the St. Mioliolad Hole scm, Secretary of State G. Hilton Scriimer ta at the Grand Central Hotel. President Thiers is to have a new Boulevard ta Paris named after him. Judge L, Porter, of Wasbington, has arrived at the Grand Central Hotel. General W. Il. H. Tucker, of Raleigh, N. C., ia at the Grand Central Hotel. A son of the Duc de Bassano is soon to be mar- ried to a Canadian heiress. Colonel M. L. Filkins, ex-Postmaster of Albany, is stopping at the Astor House, Mme. Arabella Goddard, the pianist, yesterday sailed for home on the steamship Java. The ex King Dom Fernando, of Portugal, an® the Countess d’Hdla, his wife, are in Germany, Ex-Governor William Dennison, of Ohio, ts among the lato arrivals at the St. Nicholas Hotel. United States Senator A. G. Thurman and family are stopping at the Pavilion Hotel, at Gien Cove, LI The Khedive has been visited in Constantinople by the ohief dignitaries of the Turkish empire and the representatives of the foreign Powers. General Batailie, of the French army, has had the Order of the Sword conferred on him by Charles ‘This Order is highly esteemed in Europe, and there are but few members of it tm France, ‘The German Minister, Count Arnim, bas had a leavo of absence for several months granted him, | Before taking advantage of It he went to Ema and gave the Emperor William an account of tatters tu France, Professor Benjamin Pierce, of the United States Const Survey, is at the Brevoort House. The Pro feasor is a member of the Commission appointed to examine the resulta of the different surveys and select the route seeming best suited tor tho con- struction of the Interoveantc Canal acrosa tho {stimu of Dar The Commission will pegia their labor in & couple Of weeks in this City,